Planteamiento-del-problema-Corregido-2015-3-1.docx
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ASIGNATURA: PROYECTO INTEGRADOR DE SABERES (PIS)
INTEGRANTES:: INTEGRANTES -JORDY SANTANA SANTANA -GREGORIO SANTANA -JOSE SANTANA -DIEGO TORO
DOCENTE: -JHAROL ORMAZA
2015-2016
INDICE CAPITULO 1 1.1 PLANTEA PLANTEAMIEN MIENTO TO DEL DEL PROBLE PROBLEMA_ MA_____ _______ _______ ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ _____3 _3 1.2 JUSTIFIC JUSTIFICACIÓ ACIÓN___ N______ _______ _______ ______ ______ _______ _______ ______ _______ _______ ______ ______ _______ _______ ______4 ___4 1.3 FORMUL FORMULACIÓ ACIÓN N DEL PROBLEM PROBLEMA__ A_____ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ _____4 __4 1.4 OBJETIVO OBJETIVOS__ S______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ______5 __5 1.4.1 1.4.1 Objetivo Objetivo General__ General_______ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ _________ _________ __________ __________ __________5 _____5 1.4.2 Objetivo e!e"#$"o___________________ e!e"#$"o_________________________________ ____________________________ ___________________5 _____5
1.5 RELACIÓ RELACIÓN N DEL DEL PRO PROECT ECTO O CON CON EL PERFIL PERFIL PROS PROSPEC PECTIVO TIVO DEL NIVEL DE FORMACIÓN__________________________________________________5 2.1
MARCO TEÓRICO_____ TEÓRICO__________ ___________ ___________ __________ ___________ ___________ __________ ___________ ________6 __6
2.2 EDIFICAC EDIFICACIONE IONES S O SISTEMA SISTEMAS S SISMO-RESIS SISMO-RESISTENTE TENTES__ S____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ___6 _6 2.3 TIPOS TIPOS DE SISTEMAS SISTEMAS O EDIFI EDIFICACI CACIONES ONES SISMO-RE SISMO-RESIST SISTENTE ENTES_! S_! 2.3.1 S"#$%&' S"#$%&' (% )*+$,* )*+$,* ')$"* ')$"* ___________________________ ____________________________________________% _________________% 2.3.2 S"#$%&' S"#$%&' (% )*+$,* )*+$,* /'#"* /'#"* ____________________ _____________________________ ___________________ _______________% _____%
2.4 MATERIA MATERIALES LES PARA PARA CONST CONSTRUC RUCCION CIONES ES SISMOSISMO-RES RESISTE ISTENTES_ NTES__ _ 2.4.1 L'(,"* L'(,"* S"#&*-,%#"#$ S"#&*-,%#"#$%+$% %+$% "+$%,"*, "+$%,"*, ______________ _____________________ ______________ ______________ ________& _& 2.4.2 L'(,"* S"#&*-,%#"#$%+$% S"#&*-,%#"#$%+$% )*+ ' )',' )',' /%%' "#$' _______________' _______________'
2.5 VENTAJAS VENTAJAS DE LAS CONSTR CONSTRUCCI UCCIONE ONES S SISMO-RES SISMO-RESISTE ISTENTES NTES___10 2.5.1 2.5.1 S% S%," ,"('( ('( __________________________ ____________________________________________________________1 __________________________________1( ( 2.5.2 2.5.2 D,' D,'"" ""('( ('( ____________________ ______________________________ _____________________ ____________________ __________________1( _________1(
3.1 METODOL METODOLOGA OGA____ ________ ________ ________ ________ _________ _________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _________ _____11 11 3.2 T7CNICAS T7CNICAS___ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ _______ _______ _______ _______ ______11 __11 ).2.1 En"*eta_______________ En"*eta__________________________ ____________________ _____________________ _____________________ ________________11 _______11
3.3 POBLACI POBLACIÓN ÓN MUESTR MUESTRA___ A______ _______ ________ _______ _______ ________ _______ _______ ________ ________ ____11 11 ).).1 +obla"i,n_______________________________ +obla"i,n______________________________________________________________1 _______________________________11 1 ).).2 -*etra_________________ -*etra____________________________ _______________________ _______________________ ________________________1 _____________11 1
3.4 R%#$'( R%#$'(*# *# (% (% ' ' "+%# "+%#$"' $"')"8+ )"8+____ _________ __________ __________ __________ __________ ________1 ___11 1 ).4.1 Anlii /e re*lta/o__________________ re*lta/o________________________________ _____________________________ __________________11 ___11 ).4.2 ).4.2 S#ntei S#ntei /el re*lta/o re*lta/o_____ __________ ___________ ___________ __________ __________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ________10 __10
3.5 CONJETUR CONJETURAS_ AS______ __________ __________ _________ _________ _________ _________ __________ __________ __________ ________1 ___1! ! 3.6 CONCL CONCLUSIO USIONES NES____ _________ _________ ________ _________ __________ __________ _________ _________ __________ ________1 ___1! ! 3.! RECOME RECOMENDAC NDACIONE IONES___ S_______ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ _____1! _1! BIBLIOGRAFIA____________________________________________________18 ANEXO______________________________________ ANEXO_____________________________________________________________19 _______________________19
Capítulo 1
“ESTUDIO DE LAS ALTERNATIVAS DE CONSTRUCCIONES SISMORESISTENTES Y SU APORTE A LA SEGURIDAD DE LA POBLACIÓN DEL SECTOR SAN PEDRO DE LA CIUDAD DE MANTA EN EL PERIODO MAYOJULIO 2015
1.1 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA U!" #!$%"&'%*%" '#'+,-%&'#'&!&' &' "&.." & &'/ #'&"" *,! +"&%#".&' “$..&' , '#'+,-%&'#'&!&'4 *" $!*#6! 7%#!*#7". &' "3',%3&% ."' 8#3%"*#,!&' $&%9"' & +,8#+#&!, 7%,*#"' %"!& ! '#'+,4 , "!& *".#&% &'"'%& !"%".4 "'&:%"!, "'; ." &'"3#.#" & ." &#$#*"*#6!4 ." '&:%#" & ."' 7&%',!"' &! ' #!&%#,% 3%#!"!, "'; !" 7%,&**#6! ';'+#*"< L" 7%,&**#6! ';'+#*" , '#'+,-%&'#'&!& %"" & .,' +&#,' ,"*#,!&' & ',! 7%&*#',' 7"%" "'&:%"% ."' *,!'%**#,!&' & &8&!".&' +,8#+#&!,' ';'+#*,'< L" *,%%&*" ',.*#6! !&*&'#" *,!,*&% ",' 7%&8#,' &. &%%&!, ,!& '& "'#&!" ." *,!'%**#6! E' "'; & 7 "%" "'&:%"% ." &'"3#.#" & ." &'%*%" ! 7!, $!"+&!". &' ." ,"*#6! " ." &'%*%" & ."' =!"' &./'#*"' "&*""' 7"%" "3',%3&% ."' &!&%:;"' & :&!&%&! .,' +,8#+#&!,' &*6!#*,'< O%, $"*,% %&.&8"!& &' *,!=!"% &. #'&, ,". & ." *,!'%**#6! &!#&!, &! *&!" .,' $"*,%&' & "'&!"+#&!, &'%*%".&' 7"%" & &. *,!=!, & ." 8#8#&!" 7&" '&% ,".+&!& '&:%"< E',' %&#'#,' ',."+&!& 7&&! '&% '"#'$&*>,' +&#"!& &'#,' "7%,7#",' &*!,.,:;"' "&*""'< P&' ' ,! +*>,' .,' $"*,%&' & &!%"! &!%, & ."' *,!'#&%"*#,!&' " ,+"% &! *&!" 7"%" *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,%&'#'&!&' &'"' 8"! &'&? • • • • •
E. &%%&!,< L" *#+&!"*#6!< L" *,!'#'&!*#" & ."' &'%*%"'< L" "%#&*%"< L" *".#" & .,' +"&%#".&' & *,!'%**#6!<
E!%& .,' $&!6+&!,' 7,&+,' +&!*#,!"% .,' 7%#!*#7".&' & ',! .,' '#'+,'4 7&' ',! & .,' +/' #+7%&&*#3.&' !, "! #&+7, 7"%" 7%&7"%"*#,!&' , *".#&% #7, & *"+3#,'4 "&+/' '' *,!'&*&!*#"' &! ." +",%;" & .,' *"',' '& "! " :%"! &'*"."4 &'7&*#".+&!& &! .,' .:"%&' &! .,' *".&' .,' +"&%#".&' & *,!'%**#6! & '& #.#9"! ',! 3"=,' &! *".#" , >"! '#, +". &+7.&",'< C"!, ." &#$#*"*#6! '& *,!'%& *,! ." *".#" & '&% '#'+,-%&'#'&!& !, '& 8& "$&*"" 7,% .,' +,8#+#&!,' &.@%#*,'4 " & *&!" *,! !" %&'#'&!*#"
+",%4 & >" '#, ,+"" &! *&!" 7,% .,' #!:&!#&%,'4 *,! &. ,3=, & & '&"! +&!,' 8.!&%"3.&' "!& *#&%"' *#%*!'"!*#"' . Carrillo 2((23
1.2 JUSTIFICACIÓ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
1.3 FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA C6+, "7,%"! ."' ".&%!"#8"' & *,!'%**#6! '#'+,-%&'#'&!&' " ." '&:%#" & ." 7,3."*#6! &! &. '&*,% S"! P&%, & ." *#" & M"!" • • • •
',! ."' *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,-%&'#'&!&' C/.&' ',! ."' ".&%!"#8"' & *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,-%&'#'&!&' 3&!&$#*#,' %"&! ."' *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,-%&'#'&!&' C6+, ."' *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,- %&'#'&!&' #!$.&! &! ." %"3#.#" & ."' 8#8#&!"'
1.4 OBJETIVOS
1.4.1Objetivo General Et*/iar la alternativa /e "ontr*""ione ioreitente 6 * a!orte a la e7*ri/a/ /e la !obla"i,n en el e"tor San +e/ro /e la "i*/a/ /e -anta
1.4.2Objetivo e!e"#$"o • • •
R&*,!,*&% .,' #$&%&!&' +"&%#".&' 7"%" !" *,!'%**#6! '#'+,-%&'#'&!&< A!".#9"% .,' #$&%&!&' '#'&+"' '#'+,-%&'#'&!&'< D&&%+#!"% ."' 8&!"="' & 7,'&&! ."' *,!'%**#,!&' '#'+,-%&'#'&!&'
1.5 RELACIÓN DEL PROECTO CON EL PERFIL PROSPECTIVO DEL NIVEL DE FORMACIÓN O%#&!",' &! !" & ."' &+/#*"' +/' #+7,%"!&' & ."' *"%%&%"' & I!:< C#8#. A%#&*%"? E! A%#&*%" #!&%8#&!& ., & &' &. #'&, & !" &'%*%" & %&'#'" " ." &7,'#*#6! & !" "*#8#" ';'+#*"< •
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P,% ,%, .", &'/ ." I!:&!#&%;" C#8#. & %&@!& &+7.&" 8"%#"' *!#*"' &! ! +#'+, &#$#*#, 7"%" & ',7,%& ! '#'+, " & !" &'%*%" 3#&! 7."!&"" 7&& ',7,%"% &!&%:;"' ';'+#*"' *,! "" & .,' #$&%&!&' '#'&+"' & 7%,&**#6!< D&!%, & ."' 7""' & &3& *,!,*&% &. *,+@! & ." :&!&4 &'/! .,' %&#'#,' & "., %#&':,4 & " ." 7,'%& ',! #!#'7&!'"3.&' 7"%" ,"' ."' *,!'%**#,!&'< L,' "%#&*,' & #!:&!#&%,' >"*&! !$"'#' &! &. *,!*%&, %&$,%9", (*,! "%+"%" & >#&%%,)4 &! ." *".#" &. "*&%, &'%*%". &! ." +"+7,'&%;"<
Capítulo 2
2.1 -ARCO TE8RICO 2.2 EDIFICACIONES O SISTEMAS SISMO-RESISTENTES L" '#'+, %&'#'&!*#" &' ." *#&!*#" & '& &!*"%:" & ."' &#$#*"*#,!&' '&"! *"7"*&' & %&'#'#% ." "**#6! & ."' $&%9"' *"'""' 7,% '#'+,' $%&*&!&' "!& '& 7%&'&!&! ",'4 &! &. *"', & ! '#'+, + $&%&< “L" #'+#!*#6! & ." %&'7&'" &'%*%". &' &. ,3=, &! &. #'&, '#'+, %&'#'&!&4 :"%"!#9"!, !" "&*"" %&'#'&!*#" (Thomson, 2008)!" &#$#*"*#6! '#'+,-%&'#'&!& !, *,."7'"%/ " & &', *,!%#3& " & !, >"" 7%#" & 8#"'< S& #*& & !" &#$#*"*#6! &' '#'+,-%&'#'&!& *"!, '& #'&" *,!'%& *,! !" "&*"" *,!$#:%"*#6! &'%*%". '$#*#&!& 7"%" ',7,%"% ! '#'+, "!& “'#&+7%& &#'& ." 7,'#3#.#" & & '& 7%&'&!& ! &%%&+,, "@! +/' $&%& & .,' & >"! '#, 7%&8#',' & &3&! '&% %&'#'#,' 7,% ." &#$#*"*#6! '#! & ,*%%"! ",' (Carrillo, 2002) P"%" .,:%"% !" &'%*%" '#'+,-%&'#'&!& '& #&!& & *+7.#% *,! ".:!,' 7%#!*#7#,'4 &' &*#%4 ." :&,+&%;" &3& '&% '&!*#.." &! 7."!" &! &.&8"*#6!4 " & ."' $,%+"' *,+7.&="'4 #%%&:."%&' , "'#+%#*"' *"'"! ! +". *,+7,%"+#&!, *"!, ." &#$#*"*#6! &' '"*#" 7,% ! '#'+,4 "&+/' ! &#$#*#, &3& *,!"% *,! 3"=, 7&',4 " & '#&!, +/' .#8#"!" ." &'%*%"4 +&!,% &' ." $&%9" & &!%/ & ',7,%"%4 "+3#! >" & &!&% &! *&!" & “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
7!., "!#';'+#*, & &' ! '#'&+" & "3',%*#6! & 8#3%"*#,!&' +&#"!& &. 3"."!*&, & ! *,!%"7&',< (S/!*>&94 2012)
2.3 TIPOS DE SISTEMAS O EDIFICACIONES SISMORESISTENTES
2.3.1
S"#$%&' (% )*+$,* ')$"*
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2.3.2
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L" 7%,**#6! #!'%#". & .,' &!*"'%&' >,%#9,!".&' 8&%#*".&'4 &. +"%*, &. *>"$./! "'&:%" !" %&7&#*#6! 7%/*#*"+&!& #&". & ' :&,+&%;"4 &*.&!, 7,% *,+7.&, .,' %"3"=,' +"!".&'< T&!#&!, &. *,'& + *&%*"!, ". ."%#.., *"%" 8#'" %"#*#,!".4 &. ."%#.., "!#';'+#*, '& 8".,%" +*>, +/' (&! ! 0-100) &! &. +&%*", & .,' +"&%#".&' & *,!'%**#6!<
2.4.2 L'(,"* S"#&*-,%#"#$%+$% )*+ ' )',' /%%' "#$' U! 7%,*, ,".+&!& !&8, & ." &*!,.,:;" & %#3,*,+7%&'#6!4 & ." *"&:,%;" & .,' +"&%#".&' "!#';'+#*,' 8#','< S,., !" *"%" & ."' ,' 7&&"' (*,%"') &' .#9" - ." & $,%+" ." $"*>""< E! ,"' '' *"%"*&%;'#*"' #+&!'#,!&' &' &. +#'+, ."%#.., "!#';'+#*, #!&%#,%< S&:@! &. &'&, &. C,+7%",%4 ." +"#!"%#" 7&& '&% '+#!#'%"" *,! .,' +,.&' 7"%" ."%#..,' "!#';'+#*,' & &'/!"% &%,7&, , %',< (Tribopress 'spaa)
2.4.2.1
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2.5 VENTAJAS DE LAS CONSTRUCCIONES SISMORESISTENTES
2.5.1
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Capítulo -
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3.1 METODOLOGA L" +&,,.,:;" #.#9"" &' "!".;#*,-'#!#*,
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3.2 T7CNICAS
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3.3 POBLACIÓN MUESTRA
).).1 +obla"i,n L" 7,3."*#6! & '#%8#6 & ,3=, 7"%" &'" #!8&'#:"*#6! $&%,! .,' +,%",%&' &. '&*,% “S"! P&%,4 *,! !" 7,3."*#6! "7%,#+"" & 250 >"3#"!&'<
).).2 -*etra L" +&'%" & $& ,+"" $& &! 3"'& " ."' 8#8#&!"' & ">; &! &'& '&*,%4 ,!& '& ,+6 &! *&!" ',., ! 20 & 250 & .,' >"3#"!&'4 & ".& " ." *"!#" & 50 7&%',!"'<
3.4 R%#$'(*# (% ' "+%#$"')"8+
).4.1 Anlii /e re*lta/o 1. Cono"e sobre las "onstru""iones sismoresistentes/
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-. &olo si su respuesta de la primera pre%unta 5ue &$. &u *i*ienda posee una estru"tura sismoresistente/
RESPUESTAS
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L" +",%;" & .,' &!*&'",' *,! ! 04 !, +"%*"%,! !#!:!" & ."' ,7*#,!&' &3#, " ' &'*,!,*#+#&!,4 &' ' +#!,%;" *,! ! 12 %&+"%*"%,! '# 7,'&&% &'& #7, & *,!'%**#6! &! '' 8#8#&!"'< 6. &i su respuesta anterior 5ue O. e %ustaría implementar esta estru"tura en su *i*ienda/
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L" +",%;" & .,' &!*&'",' (2) #!#*"%,! & '# &'&"! #+7.&+&!"% !" &'%*%" '#'+,-%&'#'&!& &! '' 8#8#&!"' &! ' +#!,%;" () *,.,*"%,! & !, #&%&! >"*&% &'& *"+3#,< 7. Cono"e "ules son los bene5i"ios ue traen este t ipo de estru"turas/
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3.! RECOMENDACIONES •
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