Plano Guia Cordoba 2012 Ingles

January 16, 2018 | Author: nytmare_sister | Category: N/A
Share Embed Donate


Short Description

Cordoba sightseeing...

Description

eo a on

Del

o an

o Cañ

o

al na

99

Conjunto Arqueológico de Cercadillas o e e el

a elo

ñu

Pa

Plaza de Cardenal Salazar

De

a lo e

a a

Lo

e o

al en e

e

o

oa

o Ca n

n

o

la l

Do

e

e

6TXDUHRI El Potro



&RUGREDWRYLVLWDQGZDON

&KXUFKRI6DQ/RUHQ]R

7KLVFLW\ZDONLQFOXGHVDOOWKHFLYLODQGUHOLJLRXV PRQXPHQWVPXVHXPVDUFKDHRORJLFDOVLWHV DQG LQWHUHVWLQJ VSRWV LQ WKH FLW\ DQG WKHUH DUH LWHPV RI VSHFLDO LQWHUHVW IRU FKLOGUHQ WRR

7KHRULJLQDOLW\RIWKLVMHZHORIPHGLHYDO&RUGREDQDUFKLWHFWXUHOLHV LQWKHWKUHHDUFKHVWKDWSUHFHGHWKHPDLQHQWUDQFHORFDWHGWRWKH ULJKWRIDVOHQGHU5HQDLVVDQFHWRZHU EXLOWRQWKHVLWHRIZKDWZDV WKHDO0XJLUDPRVTXHҋVPLQDUHW ZLWKDQLPSUHVVLYHURVHZLQGRZ LQWKHFHQWUH &KXUFKRI San Lorenzo

5HOLJLRXVPRQXPHQWV 0RVTXH&DWKHGUDO

9

7ULXQIRGH 6DQ5DIDHORIWKH 3XHUWDGHO3XHQWH

7KLVPHGLHYDO*RWKLFFKXUFKQHDUVWUHHW&UX]&RQGHXQGHUZHQW%DUR TXHUHIXUELVKPHQW:RUWK\RIQRWHLQWKHSRUWLFRLVDEHDXWLIXOURVHZLQ GRZRILQWHUODFLQJFROXPQV,WKDVDQLQWHUHVWLQJEDSWLVWHU\FRYHUHGE\ DQDWWUDFWLYH0XGHMDUFXSROD



&KXUFKRI6DQ1LFROiVGHOD9LOOD

,QVHYHUDOSODFHVLQWKHFLW\ZHFDQÀQGD VWDWXHRISan Rafael RQWKHFDSLWDORID YRWLYHFROXPQ.QRZQDV´WULXQIRVµWKH\ FRPPHPRUDWHWKHSURPLVHWRSURWHFWWKH FLW\ WKDW WKH SHRSOH RI &RUGRED DWWULEX WH WR WKH 6DLQW7KH PRVW QRWHZRUWK\ LV ORFDWHG QH[W WR WKH 3XHUWD GHO 3XHQWH ([HFXWHGLQWKHWKFHQWXU\LWZDVÀQLV KHGE\0LFKHOGH9HUGLJXLHU

&HPHWHU\RI1XHVWUD 6HxRUDGHOD6DOXG 

6\QDJRJXH

%XLOWLQWKHÀUVWTXDUWHURIWKHWKFHQWXU\LQWKH0X GHMDUVW\OHWKHV\QDJRJXHZDVLQXVHDVVXFKXQWLO ZKHQWKH-HZVZHUHH[SHOOHGIURP6SDLQ,W LVWKHRQO\WHVWDPHQWWR-HZLVKKHULWDJHLQWKH ZKROHRI$QGDOXVLD



&KDSHO RI6DQ%DUWRORPp



7KLV FKDSHO RQFH WKH SDULVK FKXUFK RI 6DQ %DUWRORPp QRZ IRUPV SDUW RI WKH )DFXOW\ RI 3KLORVRSK\ DQG $UWV WKH IRUPHU RI &DUGHQDO 6DOD]DU KRVSLWDO DQG LV D VSOHQGLG H[DPSOH RI 0XGHMDU DUFKLWHFWXUH ,W ZDV EXLOW EHWZHHQ WKHWKDQGWKFHQWXULHVDQGLQWKH%DURTXH SHULRGZDVLQFRUSRUDWHGLQWRWKHKRVSLWDO

9



0RQXPHQWWR Sagrado Corazón de JesúsLQWKH +HUPLWDJHV

9

&KXUFKRI6DQWLDJR



&KXUFKRI San Pedro



7KH&DODKRUUD 7RZHU0XVHXP

9



6FXOSWXUHRI Nuestra Señora de las Angustias



)RXQGHGLQWKHWKFHQWXU\RQWKHVLWHSRSXODUO\EHOLHYHGWREHWKDW RIWKH9LVLJRWKEDVLOLFDRI6DQ=RLORRQO\WKHFKDSHORIWKH7DEHUQDFOH UHPDLQV IURP LWV PHGLHYDO RULJLQV ,QVLGH LW ERDVWV D EHDXWLIXO ÁRULG %DURTXHUHWDEOHGHVLJQHGE\Pedro Duque CornejoDVZHOODVQX PHURXVFDQYDVVHVRIJUHDWDUWLVWLFYDOXH

7KH&DODKRUUD 7RZHU0XVHXP

9



9



9

7KH EULGJH SDUW RI WKH 9LD$XJXVWD ZDV EXLOW LQ WKH UHLJQ RI (PSHURU $XJXVWXV VWFHQWXU\%& ,WKDVEHHQVXEMHFWWRQXPHURXVUHQRYDWLRQV DQGLQWKHSUHVHQWVWUXFWXUHRQO\WKHDVKODUVDQGVRPHRIWKHDUFKHVRIWKH RULJLQDOEULGJHUHPDLQ,QDFDUYLQJRIWKHDUFKDQJHO6DQ5DIDHOZDV SODFHGQHDUWKHPLGGOHRIWKHEULGJH

Andalusí+RXVH

$UWRQOHDWKHU 0XVHXP+RXVH

9

7KHSUHVHQW&RQJUHVVDQG([KLELWLRQ3DODFHZDVEXLOWLQWKHHDUO\&WK DQGZDVIRUWZRFHQWXULHVWKHRQO\KHDOWKFHQWUHLQWKHFLW\+LJKOLJKWV LQFOXGHWKHFORLVWHULQ0RRULVKVW\OHDQGWKH*RWKLFVW\OHFKDSHOULFK LQ3ODWHUHVTXHGHFRUDWLRQDQGEXLOWE\+HUQiQ5XL],

9

7KLV IRUPHU 5RPDQ IRUWUHVV DQG UHVLGHQFH RI &KULVWLDQ NLQJV ZDV ZKHUH ERWKWKHFRQTXHVWRIWKH1DVULGNLQJGRPDQGWKHGLVFRYHU\RI$PHULFD ZHUHSODQQHG7KH$OFi]DU EXLOW XQGHU$OIRQVR ;, Ҋ(O -XVWLFLHURҋ  IRUPV DQDOPRVWVTXDUHFRPSRXQGLWVFRUQHUVSURWHFWHGE\WRZHUVVXFKDVWKH .HHSDQG/RV/HRQHV,WKRXVHVDYDOXDEOHFROOHFWLRQRI5RPDQPRVDLFV QGDQGUGFHQWXU\$' ZLWKGLIIHUHQWÀJXUDWLYHDQGJHRPHWULFGHVLJQV %HQHDWKWKH0RVDLFV5RRPDUHWKH5R\DO%DWKV$OVRRILQWHUHVWDUHLWV 0RRULVKLQVSLUHGJDUGHQVZLWKSDOPWUHHVF\SUHVVHVDQGRUDQJHDQG OHPRQWUHHVLQWHUVSHUVHGE\SRQGVDQGIRXQWDLQV *DUGHQV RI&DVWOHRIWKH &KULVWLDQ0RQDUFKV

9

-XOLR5RPHUR GH7RUUHV 0XVHXP





7KLVJDWHJLYHVDFFHVVWRWKHSRSXODU6DQ%DVLOLRTXDUWHUIDPRXVIRU LWVFRXUW\DUGV,WVPRVWQRWHZRUWK\IHDWXUHVDUHWKHWZLQDUFKHVDGMRLQLQJWKH ZDOOWKDWUXQQH[WWRWKHJDWHRQRQHVLGHDQGDVTXDUHWRZHURQWKHRWKHU ,QIURQWRIWKHDUFKHVVWDQGVDPRQXPHQWGHGLFDWHGWRWKHSRHW,EQ+D]DP

9



“La chiquita piconera”

9



7KH 0XVHXP RFFXSLHV VHYHUDO URRPV LQ WKH 3ODWHUHVTXH +RVSLWDO GH OD &DULGDG 3DLQWLQJV GUDZLQJV VFXOSWXUHV DQG SULQWV IURP WKH WK WR WKH VWFHQWXULHVDUHRQGLVSOD\ DLPLQJ WR SUHVHQW ORFDO DUW 3DLQWLQJVE\FRQWHPSRUDU\DU WLVWVDOVRKDQJRQLWVZDOOV



0XQLFLSDO6RXN

$OOH\RIWKH%RQÀUH

$UFKDHRORJLDOVLWHRI 0DGLQDWDO=DKUD

9



$OOH\RIWKH +DQGNHUFKLHI

6TXDUHRI6pQHFD +RXVH3DWLR 6DQ%DVLOLR

9



+RXVHRI /DV&DPSDQDV

9





&XHVWD GHO %DLOtR IRUPHUO\ GLYLGHG WKH FLW\ LQWR WKH XSSHU DQG ORZHU VHFWLRQVDQGZDVRQHRIWKHHQWUDQFHVWKURXJKWKHFLW\ZDOOOLQNLQJ/D $MHUTXtDWR/D0HGLQD$WWKHIRRWRIWKHVWHSVLVCasa del BailíoDQG WKHWRSOHDGVWRWKH3OD]DGHO&ULVWRGHORV)DUROHV



6TXDUHRI Capuchinos

6TXDUHRI/DV7HQGLOODV



5HJDUGHGDVWKHFLW\ҋVPDLQVTXDUHLWRZHVLWVQDPHWRthe numerous small shops that stood here many years ago7KHVTXDUHLV ERUGHUHG E\ PRGHUQ EXLOGLQJV ZKLOH LQ WKH FHQWUH LV 0DWHR ,QXUULDҋV VWDWXHRI(OGran CapitánVXUURXQGHGE\DIRXQWDLQ$PRQJLWVIHDWX UHVLVDFORFNWKDWPDUNVWKHKRXUVZLWKWKHVWUXPPLQJRID)ODPHQFR VROHiFKRUGRQWKHJXLWDU

)RUFKLOGUHQ 7KH&KLOGUHQV&LW\

$UFKDHRORJLFDO0XVHXPLQ Jerónimo Páez 6TXDUH

&DEH]DV$OOH\

7KH&KLOGUHQ &LW\

9



7KH ELJJHVW FKLOGUHQҋV SOD\JURXQG DUHD LQ WKHFLW\DQGWKHRQO\RQHLQ6SDLQZKLFKDOVRLQ FOXGHVDODUJHH[SDQVHRIPDWXUHSDUNODQGFR YHULQJDQDUHDRIIRXUKHFWDUHV7KH&KLOGUHQҋV &LW\KDVWKLUW\GLIIHUHQWLWHPVRISOD\JURXQGHTXL SPHQWIRUFKLOGUHQ 

5R\DO%RWDQLFDO*DUGHQ



7KLVQDUURZDOOH\ZD\VWDUWVDWWKH$UFR GHO 3RUWLOOR RYHUORRNHG E\ WKH IRUWLÀHG WRZHU RI WKH Casa de los Marqueses del Carpio,WKDVEXLOGLQJVGDWLQJIURP WKHWKWRWKFHQWXULHV







7KLV 5HQDLVVDQFH VTXDUH SUHVLGHG E\ WKH 3DODFHRI-HUyQLPR3DH]LVQRZWKH$UFKDHR ORJ\ 0XVHXP 7KH VKDGH RI WKH ROG WUHHV PDNHV LW D JUHDW VSRW IRU VKRUW UHVW DQG WKH VSLULW RI QLQHWHHQWKFHQWXU\ &RUGRED LV HYRNHGLQWKHVWDWHO\KRPHZKLFKVXUURXQGLW

$FFRUGLQJWRSRSXODUWUDGLWLRQWKH SKLORVRSKHU6HQHFDZDVERUQLQ DKRXVHZKLFKVWRRGLQWKLVVTXD UH,WLVDFDOPWUDQTXLOVSRWZKHUH WKHFREEOHVWRQHVJLYHLWDUXUDOIHHO DQGWKHUREHGVWDWXHSRVVLEO\RI WKH XQLYHUVDOO\ DGPLUHG SKLORVR SKHU KLPVHOI VWDQGV LQ D SURPL QHQWSRVLWLRQ

7KLVEXLOGLQJLVDÀQHH[DPSOHRID WUDGLWLRQDO &RUGREDQ KRXVH VKD UHGE\QHLJKERXUV7KHPDLQFRXU W\DUGLVFREEOHGZLWKZKLWHZDVKHG VWRQH SLOODUV RQ WKUHH VLGHV 7KHUH DUH FRPPXQDO ZDVKLQJ URRPV D ZHOO DQG DQ H[WHUQDO FHQWUDO VWDLU FDVH WKDW OHDGV XS WR D GHOLJKWIXO EDOFRQ\ ZLWK ZRRGHQ EHDPV 7KH KRXVH IHDWXUHV VHYHUDO FUDIW VKRSV DQGQRZEHORQJVWRWKH$VVRFLDWLRQ RI)ULHQGVRIWKH&RXUW\DUGV

$OOH\RIWKH )ORZHUV

7KLV0RRULVKVW\OHVWUHHWDFFHVVHGIURP3OD]D GHOD&RQFKDLVQRZLGHUWKDQDODG\ҋVKHDGV FDUI,WOHDGVWRDVPDOOVTXDUHZKHUHYLVLWRUV DUHFKDUPHGE\WKHJHQWOHWULFNOLQJRIZDWHULQWR DZHOODQGWKHVPHOORIRUDQJHEORVVRP

6TXDUHRI -HUyQLPR3iH]

&XHVWDGHO%DLOtR

7KLV SRSXODU VTXDUHҋV DXVWHUH GHVLJQ LV LPSUHVVLYH VWRQH GR RUZD\V DGRUQ WKH DXVWHUH ZDOOV RI 6DQWR ÉQJHO FRQYHQW $W WKH FHQWUHRIWKHVTXDUHLVWKHVWDWXH RI Cristo de los Faroles &KULVW RI WKH /DQWHUQV  D %DURTXH ZRUN VFXOSWHG LQ  ZLWK HLJKW LURQ ODQWHUQV



$OOH\RIWKH+DQGNHUFKLHI

Madinat al-ZahraLVWKHVXPSWXRXVSDODWLQHFLW\WKDW&DOLSKAb’d alRahman IIIRUGHUHGWREHEXLOWDWWKHIHHWRIWKH6LHUUD0RUHQDLQRUGHU WRSURMHFWDSRZHUIXOLPDJHRIWKHUHFHQWO\FUHDWHG,QGHSHQGHQWFDOLSKDWH RI&RUGRED2YHUPHQZRUNHGRQLWVFRQVWUXFWLRQXVLQJWKHEHVW PDWHULDOV PDUEOHV SUHFLRXV PHWDOV WLOHV SRO\FKURPH VWRQHV HWF 7KH FRPSOH[ҋV IDPRXV Salón Rico ZDV UHQRZQHG IRU LWV RXWVWDQGLQJ EHDXW\ ZLWKLYRU\DQGHERQ\DUFKZD\VJROGDQGSUHFLRXVVWRQHVDQGDERZORI PHUFXU\WKDWFDXJKWWKHVXQҋVUD\VDQGUHÁHFWHGWKHPLQDWKRXVDQGGL IIHUHQWFRORXUV,QDIWHUVHYHQGHFDGHVRIOLIH0HGLQD$]DKDUDZDV VDFNHG DQG GHVWUR\HG E\ WKH %HUEHUV ZKR UD]HG PRVW RI WKLV IDEXORXV FLW\WRWKHJURXQG



7KHVWRQHIRXQWDLQUHIXUELVKHGLQWKHWK FHQWXU\LVWKHPDLQHOHPHQWRIWKLVROGSLF WXUHVTXHVSRWThe fountain, crowned by a carving of San Rafael DGMRLQV WKH ZDOO RI WKHORRNRXWWRZHURIDKRXVHWKDWEHORQJHG WRWKH0DUTXHVDGHOD0HMRUDGD

6TXDUHRI La Fuenseca

6TXDUHRI &DSXFKLQRV DQG&KULVWRI WKH/DQWHUQV



7KLV SHDFHIXO QDUURZ ZLQGLQJ VWUHHW ZLWK LWV ZURXJKW LURQ ZLQGRZ JULOOHV DQG EDOFRQLHV EH GHFNHGZLWKÁRZHUVLVLQWKHKHDUWRIWKH-HZLVK 4XDUWHU2QHRIWKHEHVWYLHZVRIWKH&DWKHGUDO WRZHULVWREHKDGIURPWKHIRXQWDLQLQWKHFHQWUH RIWKHVPDOOVTXDUHDWWKHHQGRIWKLVVWUHHW





6TXDUHRI/D)XHQVHFD

&ORVHWRWKH0RVTXHWKLVZLQGLQJDOOH\W\SLFDORI 0RRULVK VWUHHW GHVLJQ OLQNV FDOOH 'HDQHV DQG FDOOH&HVSHGHV

$OOH\RIWKH)ORZHUV



Maimóni-

'HVFHQGLQJ WKH VWHSV LQ IURQW RI 6HQHFDҋV VWDWXH LQ 3XHUWD GH $OPRGyYDU ZH HQWHU WKLVTXLHWVWUHHW)RULWVZKROHOHQJWKLWUXQV DORQJVLGHWKHPHGLHYDOZDOOWKDWHQFORVHG WKH -HZLVK 4XDUWHU DQG WKHUH DUH VRPH FKDUPLQJFLVWHUQVZLWKUXQQHOVDORQJZKLFK ZDWHUÁRZV$WWKHHQGRIWKHVWUHHWWKHUHLV DVHDWHGVWDWXHRI$YHUURHV

7KH PDLQ GLVFRYHU\ DW WKH VLWH H[FDYDWHG QH[W WR WKH$9( WUDLQ VWDWLRQ LV WKH SDODFH FRPSOH[ GDWLQJ IURP WKH WLPH RI WKH 5RPDQ HPSHURU 0D[L PLDQ +HUFXOHXV GXULQJ KLV VWD\ LQ 6SDLQ EHWZHHQ  DQG  $'

6TXDUHRIWKH &RXQWVRI3ULHJR

7KLVVTXDUHZDVRIWHQÁRRGHGE\WKHRYHUÁRZIURPGRPHVWLFZHOOVLQWKH UDLQ\VHDVRQKHQFHLWVQDPH ODJXQLOODPHDQV´OLWWOHODNHµLQ6SDQLVK 7R GD\WKHFHQWUHRIWKHVTXDUHKDVDVLPSOHJDUGHQDGRUQHGZLWKWKHEXVWRI WKHIDPRXV&RUGREDQEXOOÀJKWHUManolete

7KH$OPRGyYDU *DWHDQG &DLUXDQVWUHHW





:LWKWKHFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRID&DVWLOLDQSOD]DPD\RUVLPLODUWRWKRVHLQ0D GULGDQG6DODPDQFDWKLVVTXDUHLVXQLTXHLQ$QGDOXVLD,WLVDQHQRU PRXVFORVHGUHFWDQJOHVXUURXQGHGE\FRORQQDGHVZLWKODUJHURXQG DUFKHVRYHUZKLFKWKUHHVWRUH\VRISULYDWHGZHOOLQJV ULVH2QO\WKHEDOFRQ\IRUSXEOLFDSSHDUDQFHVRYHU WKHPXQLFLSDOIRRGPDUNHWDQGWKHUHVWRUHG&DVD GH'RxD0DUtD-DFLQWDRQWKHVRXWKZHVWFRUQHU KDYHVXUYLYHG,WVDQWLTXHVKRSVERRNVKRSVFDIpV DQGFRFNWDLOEDUVZKHUHYLVLWRUVFDQUHOD[RQWKHLU WHUUDFHVLQWKHVXQVKRZWKDWWKHOLJKWKHDUWHG DWPRVSKHUHWKDWWKHVTXDUHHQMR\HGLQWKHSDVW EXOOÀJKWVPRFNEDWWOHVHWF LVVWLOOSUHVHQW

6TXDUHRI/D/DJXQLOOD



7KH Almodóvar *DWH

6TXDUHRI/D&RUUHGHUD

7KLV VTXDUH RZHV LWV QDPH IURP WKH ID PLO\KRPHRIWKH&RXQWVRI3ULHJRZKLFK 0RQXPHQWWR VWRRG KHUH XQWLO WKH ҋV ,W FXUUHQWO\ Manolete FRQWDLQVDPRQXPHQWWRManoleteWKH IDPRXVEXOOÀJKWHUZKROLYHGLQWKLVGLVWULFWDQGRQRQHVLGHVWDQGVWKH ZKLWHZDVKHGZDOORIWKH&RQYHQWRI6DQWD,VDEHO,QWKHEDFNJURXQGWKH UHLVDVSOHQGLGYLHZRIWKHFKXUFKRI6DQWD0DULQD

/RFDWHG LQ D WZRVWRUH\ 0XGHMDUVW\OH PXQLFLSDO EXLOGLQJDQGERDVWLQJDPDJQLÀFHQWSRUWLFRHGFRXU W\DUG LW LV QRZ D FUDIWV PDUNHW ZLWK QXPHURXV &RUGREDQFUDIWVPHQZRUNLQJLQOHDWKHUZRRGFOD\ DQGVLOYHUZKRKDYHWKHLUZRUNVKRSVKHUH

6WDWHO\KRPHVDQGWUDGLWLRQDOKRXVHV

7KH PXVHXP ZDV HVWDEOLVKHG LQ  RQH \HDU DIWHU WKH GHDWK RI WKLV &RUGREDQ DUWLVW WKH PRVW “Afrodita agachada” SRSXODUH[SRQHQWRI$Q $UFKDHRORJLFDO0XVHXP GDOXVLDQUHJLRQDOLVP,WV VL[URRPVWDNHXVRQDMR XUQH\WKURXJKWKHDUWLVWҋVOLIHXVLQJLQWHUHVWLQJH[KLELWV RI SKRWRJUDSKV QHZVSDSHUV SHUVRQDO REMHFWV DQG ZRUNVIURPKLVHDUO\\HDUVWRKLVPRVWIDPRXVZRUNV ´La Chiquita Piconera”, “Naranjas y Limones”

)LQH$UWV 0XVHXP

9

Madinat al-Zahra

7KH PXVHXP LQ &RUGRED LV WKH WKLUG ODUJHVW DUFKDHRORJLFDO PXVHXPLQ6SDLQZLWKDQLPSRUWDQWFROOHFWLRQRI5RPDQ DQG 0XVOLP ZRUNV 7KHUH DUH DOVR RXWVWDQGLQJ 0XGHMDU DUW FROOHFWLRQV DQG H[WHQVLYH FROOHFWLRQ RI FRLQV RI DOO DJHV 7KH PXVHXP LV FXUUHQWO\ LQ D OHQJWK\ SURFHVV RIH[SDQVLRQDQGUHIRUPKDYLQJDOUHDG\RSHQHGWR WKHSXEOLFWKHQHZZLQJZLWKRYHUPZLWKWKH WKHPDWLFH[KLELWLRQ´&RUGREDDPHHWLQJRIFXOWX UHVµ ZKLFK LQWHJUDWHV LQWR WKH WKHPH WKH LPSRUWDQW DUFKDHRORJLFDO VLWH FRQVHUYHG LQ WKH EDVHPHQW WKHFLW\ҋV5RPDQWKHDWUH



$UFKDHRORJLFDOVLWH RI&HUFDGLOODV



$UFKDHRORJLFDO0XVHXP



2QHRIZKLFKKDVEHHQIXOO\ UHVWRUHG DQG WKH RWKHU RQO\ SDUWO\DUHWKHPRVWVLJQLÀ FDQW 5RPDQ IXQHUDU\ PR QXPHQWV LQ WKH FLW\ 7KH KXJH F\OLQGULFDO EXLOGLQJV 5RPDQ 0DXVROHXPV EXLOWE\WKHVLGHRIWKHPDLQ &RUGXED+tVSDOLVURDGJLYHXVDQLQVLJKWLQWRWKHQDWXUHRIWKHZHDOWK\ IDPLOLHVZKRKDGWKHPEXLOW7KH\DUHRIDQXQXVXDOVW\OHIRUWKH,EHULDQ 3HQLQVXODVRWKH\FRXOGZHOOKDYHEHHQGHVLJQHGE\DQ,WDOLDQDUFKLWHFW ZKRWRRNRWKHUPDXVROHXPVRIWKHLPSHULDOFDSLWDODVKLVPRGHO



,WVÀYHURRPVKRXVHDSHUPDQHQWH[KLELWLRQRIZRUNVE\WKHDUWLVW5DPyQ *DUFtD 5RPHUR UHFRYHULQJ IRU XV WKH 8PD\\DG WHFKQLTXH RI HPERV VLQJOHDWKHU

3DODFHRI&RQJUHVVHV 0DLQ+RVSLWDORI6DQ6HEDVWLiQ



7KLVWKFHQWXU\KRXVHFRQVHUYHV WKH LQWLPDWH DWPRVSKHUH RI +LVSD QR,VODPLF KRPHV ,WV URRPV DQG FRXUW\DUGV KRXVH DQ H[KLELWLRQ RI $UDELFFRLQVDQGDPRGHORIRQHRI WKHÀUVWSDSHUPDNLQJPDFKLQHVWR DUULYHLQWKH:HVW



3DODFHRIWKH Marqueses de Viana

6TXDUHVDOOH\ZD\VDQGRWKHUXQLTXHSODFHV 7KH6HYLOOD*DWH



/RFDWHGLQWKHGLVWULFWRIWKH$MHUTXtDWKHVTXD UHRZHVLWVQDPHWRWKHFHQWUDO5HQDLVVDQFH IRXQWDLQ ZKRVH PDLQ GHFRUDWLYH HOHPHQW LV WKH ÀJXUH RI D FROW SRWUR LQ 6SDQLVK  ,W ZDV WUDGLWLRQDOO\DYHQXHIRUWKHSXUFKDVHDQGVDOHV RI OLYHVWRFN DQG KDQGLFUDIWV DV GHPRQVWUDWHG E\WKHIDPRXVLQQRIWKHVDPHQDPH7RGD\RQRQHVLGHVWDQGWKH)LQH $UWV0XVHXP IRUPHUO\+RVSLWDOGHOD&DULGDG DQGWKH-XOLR5RPHURGH 7RUUHV0XVHXP$OVRLQWKHVTXDUH\RXFDQVHHDWULXPSKDOFROXPQRI 6DQ5DIDHODZRUNE\VFXOSWRU0LJXHOGH9HUGLJXLHU7KLVVTXDUHZDV PHQWLRQHGE\0LJXHOGHCervantesLQ'RQ4XL[RWHZKLFKLVFRPPHPR UDWHGE\DGHFRUDWLYHWLOHSODFHGRQWKHIDFDGHRIWKHVHPXVHXPVLQ

5LJKWLQWKHKHDUWRIWKH-HZLVK4XDUWHUDQGFORVHE\WKH 6\QDJRJXHLQ&DOOH-XGLRVVWDQGVWKLVVPDOOVTXDUHZLWK WKHPRQXPHQWWR0DLPRQLGHVRQHRIWKHJUHDWHVW SKLORVRSKHUVDQGSK\VLFLDQVLQ-HZLVK&RUGRED 0DLPRQLGHVLVUHSUHVHQWHGVLWWLQJRQKLVWRPEZKLFK LVLQ7LEHULDGHVRQHRIWKHIRXU-HZLVKKRO\FLWLHV LQ,VUDHO



5RPDQ 0DXVROHXPV

6TXDUHRI(O3RWUR



7KLV QREOH PDQVLRQ GDWHV IURP WKH WK FHQWXU\ 7KH FRXUW\DUGV DUH RXWVWDQ GLQJ ERWK IRU WKH VKHHU QXPEHU RI WKHP  DQGIRUWKHLUDUWLVWLFTXDOLW\ ,Q WKH URRPV DURXQG WKHP DQG LQ WKH PDJQLÀFHQW JDUGHQ GHFODUHG D +LVWRULF *DUGHQ RLOSDLQWLQJVIURPWKH%UHXJKHO VFKRROSRUFHODLQWDSHVWULHVDQWLTXHIXU QLWXUH FURFNHU\ H[RWLF SRWWHU\ D YDOXD EOHFROOHFWLRQRI&RUGREDQDQGHPERVVHG OHDWKHU DQG D OLEUDU\ RI RYHU  YROX PHVDUHDOORQGLVSOD\

7LEHUtDGHV6TXDUH

$QGDOXVt +RXVH

&DVWOH RIWKH&KULVWLDQ0RQDUFKV

%XLOWEHWZHHQWKHWKDQGWKFHQWXULHVLWVIDoDGHERDVWV ZUHDWKHGFROXPQVEHKLQGZKLFKLVWKH0DQQHULVWGRRUZD\ WKDWJLYHVDFFHVVWRWKHFKXUFK,QVLGHRILQWHUHVWLVWKH FHQWUDODLVOHҋV0XGHMDUFRIIHUHGFHLOLQJWKHPDLQUHWDEOH DQGRQHRIWKHPDVWHUSLHFHVRI&RUGREDQVFXOSWXUH -XDQGH0HVDҋVWKFHQWXU\1XHVWUD6HxRUDGH ODV$QJXVWLDV

&KXUFKRI6DQ$QGUpV

,WVRULJLQDOVWUXFWXUHGDWHVEDFNWRWKHWKFHQWXU\DQGWKHUHIRUPVFD UULHGRXWGXULQJWKH&WKDQGWKKDYHLQHYLWDEO\WUDQVIRUPHGLWVIRUPHU DSSHDUDQFH7KHUHXVHGWREHWKUHHPLOOVDJULQGLQJURRPDQGDMHWW\,W ZDVDSDUWLFXODUO\LPSRUWDQWSODFHLQWKHFLW\EHFDXVHLWZDVZKHUHFHUHDOV ZHUHJURXQG,QVLGHWKHUHLVD5LYHU,QWHUSUHWDWLRQ&HQWUH0XVHXPEXLOW LQZKDWLVNQRZQDVWKH+\GUDXOLF0XVHXP

9



1H[W WR WKH 7RZQ +DOO LV WKH RQO\ 5RPDQ WHPSOH RI ZKLFK ZH KDYH DUFKDHRORJLFDO HYLGHQFH'HGLFDWHGWRWKHFXOWRIWKH(P SHURU LW GDWHV IURP WKH VW FHQWXU\$' DQG LWV GLPHQVLRQV DUH VXUSULVLQJO\ ELJ /RFDWHGRULJLQDOO\LQWKHFHQWUHRIDVTXDUH ZLWK D SRUWLFR UXQQLQJ DURXQG LW WKH WHP SOH URVH IURP D KLJK SRGLXP DQG KDG VL[ LVRODWHG&RULQWKLDQFROXPQVDWLWVHQWUDQFH )DFLQJWKHHQWUDQFHZDVWKHDOWDU



)LYH WKHPHG URRPV 'RPHVWLF /LIH :RPHQ LQ $O$QGDOXV &RUGREDV -HZLVK4XDUWHU3XEOLF+ROLGD\VDQG6HSKDUGLF0XVLF PDNHXSWKHSHUPD QHQWH[KLELWLRQRI6HSKDUGLF0HPRULHV

5RPDQ%ULGJH

2I WKLV )HUGLQDQGLQH FKXUFKҋV RUL JLQDO DVSHFW RQO\ WZR PHGLHYDO GRRUZD\V DQG WKH WRZHUҋV ÀUVW ERG\ UHPDLQ 2I LQWHUHVW ZLWKLQ LV LWVPDLQUHWDEOHRQHRI&RUGREDQ %DURTXHҋV PRVW VSOHQGLG ZRUNV &RPSULVLQJ D EHQFK WZR ERGLHV DQG D WRS WKH UHWDEOH LV D SHUIHFW FRPELQDWLRQ RI DUFKLWHFWXUH SDLQ WLQJDQGVFXOSWXUH

&KXUFKRI6DQ3DEOR

9

6HSKDUDG+RXVH



/LNH PRVW RI WKH )HUQDQGLQH FKXUFKHV WKLV RQH ZDV EXLOW RQ WKH VLWH RI D PRVTXH NHHSLQJ WKH PLQDUHW ZKLFK ZDV WXUQHG LQWR D &KULVWLDQ WRZHU,WKDVUHFHQWO\EHHQUHVWRUHGWRLWVRULJLQDODUFKLWHFWXUDOIHDWXUHV 7KHFKXUFKKRXVHVPDQ\REMHFWVRIDUWLVWLFLQWHUHVWVXFKDVWKHWK FHQWXU\&ULVWRGHODV3HQDV

&KXUFK RI6DQ3HGUR

0DUWRV:DWHU0LOO

7KLVSULYDWHFROOHFWLRQVSDQVWKHWKWRWKHPLGWKFHQWXU\DQGIHDWX UHVDZLGHYDULHW\RIFRPSOH[WRUWXUHPDFKLQHVDQGSURFHVVHVEDVHGRQ GRFXPHQWHGHYLGHQFHLQYDULRXVODQJXDJHVDQGQXPHURXVLOOXVWUDWLRQVLQ ZKLFK\RXFDQDOPRVWIHHOLQ\RXUERQHVHDFKRIWKHPHWKRGVRIWRUWXUH XVHGE\WKHFULPLQDOFRXUWVRIWKHWLPH

7KH +HUPLWDJHV RI 'HVLHUWR GH 1XHVWUD 6HxRUD GH %HOpQ DUHVRPHRIWKHEHVWH[DPSOHVRI$QGDOXVLDQKHUPLWDJH DUFKLWHFWXUH7KH\DUHDERXWNPRXWVLGHWKHFLW\RQWKH IRRWKLOOVRIWKH6LHUUD0RUHQD7KHFRPSOH[FRPSULVHVWKUHH KHUPLWDJHVZKLFKDUHRSHQWRWKHSXEOLFDQGDORRNRXWSRLQW SUHVLGHGRYHUE\WKHPRQXPHQWWR6DJUDGR&RUD]yQGH-H V~VE\&RXOODXW9DOHUD

5RPDQ%ULGJH

&DOLSKDO %DWKV

5RPDQ7HPSOH DQGZDOO

5RPDQ 7HPSOH



&LYLOPRQXPHQWV

7KH)HUQDQGLQH&KXUFKHVLVWKHQDPH JLYHQWRDQXPEHURIUHOLJLRXVEXLOGLQJV EXLOWXQGHU.LQJFernando III “el Santo” DIWHUWKHFRQTXHVWRI&RUGREDLQ PDQ\ RI ZKLFK ZHUH EXLOW RYHU IRUPHU PRVTXHV)HUQDQGR,,,SODQQHGIRXUWHHQ SDULVKHVRUGLVWULFWVVHYHQLQWKH$[HU TXtD DQG VHYHQ LQ WKH IRUPHU 0HGLQD NQRZQODWHUDVWKH9LOOD7KHVHEXLOGLQJV KDYHDGLVWLQFW5RPDQHVTXHIHHOFRPEL QHGZLWK*RWKLFDQG0RRULVKHOHPHQWV &KDSHORI 7KH FORLVWHU RI WKLV UHVWRUHG FRQYHQW FKXUFK ZLWK San Bartolomé D %DURTXH SRUWLFR LPEXHV WKLV SDUW RI &RUGRED ZLWK DQ DOPRVW URPDQWLF DLU ,QVLGHLWKDVDQLPSRUWDQWFROOHFWLRQRISDLQWLQJVHVSHFLDOO\WKDWRIWKH Cabeza de San AndrésWKHÀUVWNQRZQZRUNE\9DOGpV/HDODQGWKH WKFHQWXU\FDUYLQJWKH6HxRU&UXFLÀFDGR





6SDQLVK,QTXLVLWLRQ0XVHXP

6\QDJRJXH

 &KXUFKDQG &ORLVWHURI6DQ)UDQFLVFR

9

$WSUHVHQWDPDJQLÀFHQWHTXHVWULDQVKRZFDQEHHQMR\HGLQVLGHWKHEXLOGLQJ 7KLV VSRW LQ WKH$OFi]DU FRPSOH[ HQMR\V D ORQJ HTXHVWULDQ WUDGLWLRQ DQG ZDVWKHTXDUWHUVIRU&DHVDUҋVFDYDOU\DQGWKHSODFHZKHUH$O+DNDPKDG KLVVWDEOHV/DWHU)HOLSH,,RUGHUHGWKHSUHVHQWFRPSOH[WREHEXLOWRQWKH VDPHVLWHDQGKHUHWKH6SDQLVK3XUHEORRGEUHHGZDVFUHDWHG

3DUWRID0RRULVKFDVWOH EXLOWRYHUWKHIRUPHU 5RPDQJDWH WKDWFRQWUROOHGDFFHVVWRWKHFLW\ DQGUHEXLOWLQWKHWKFHQWXU\WKHWRZHUKRVWV WKH/LYLQJ0XVHXPRI$O$QGDOXV+HUHZH FDQVHHGLIIHUHQWH[DPSOHVRIKRZWKH-HZLVK 0XVOLP DQG &KULVWLDQ FXOWXUHV OLYHG VLGH E\ VLGHLQPHGLHYDO&RUGRED2QGLVSOD\DUH0R RULVK VXUJLFDO LQVWUXPHQWV PXVLFDO LQVWUX PHQWVDQGPRGHOVRIEXLOGLQJV

7KHFHPHWHU\RI1XHVWUD6HxRUDGHOD6DOXGZDVEXLOWLQ WKH\HDUXQGHUWKH1DSROHRQLFRFFXSDWLRQDQGZDV ÀQLVKHGRIILQZLWKWKHLQFRUSRUDWLRQRIWKH6KULQHRI 1XHVWUD6HxRUDGHOD6DOXGRULJLQDOO\EXLOWLQ7KH JUDYHVRIIDPRXVSHRSOHEXULHGKHUHLQFOXGHDUHWKRVH RIEXOOÀJKWHUV0DQROHWH*XHUULWD/DJDUWLMRDQG0DFKDTXL WR SROLWLFLDQ -RVp &UX] &RQGH RU SDLQWHU 0DWHR ,QXUULD DPRQJRWKHUV

7KH+HUPLWDJHV

5R\DO6WDEOHV

5R\DO6WDEOHV

9

%XLOW E\ RUGHU RI$O+DNDP ,, LQ WKH WKFHQWXU\LQWKH8PD\\DGSDODFH LWVGHVLJQUHÁHFWVWKHFODVVLFDORUGHURI 5RPDQEDWKVFROGURRPVZDUPURRP DQGKRWURRPVYDXOWHGDQGOLWE\VWDU VKDSHGDSHUWXUHV,WKDVUHFHQWO\EHHQ WXUQHGLQWRDPXVHXPRIIHULQJYLVLWRUV DSOHDVDQWO\VXUSULVLQJH[SHULHQFH

0XVHXPV



7KLVJUDQGLRVHHGLÀFHZDVEXLOWLQWKHWKFHQWXU\DQGUHEXLOWLQWKH*RWKLF 0XGHMDUVW\OHLQWKHWK,WERDVWVRQHRIWKHPRVWEHDXWLIXOWRZHUVWREH IRXQGDPRQJWKH)HUQDQGLQHFKXUFKHVZLWKSRO\JRQDOVWUXFWXUHEXLOWRQ WKHVLWHRID0RRULVKPLQDUHW

9

9



7KH&DSXFKLQFRQYHQWZDVEXLOWLQWKHWKFHQWXU\RQWKHVLWHRIWKHIRUPHU WKFHQWXU\VWDWHO\KRPHRIWKH0DUTXLVHVRI6HVVD6RPHRIWKHRULJLQDO IHDWXUHVVXUYLYHLQWKHFORLVWHUVVXFKDVWKHLPSUHVVLYH0XGHMDUJDWHDQG 5RPDQ9LVLJRWKDQG,VODPLFFDSLWDOV



0RVTXH &DWKHGUDO

&KXUFKRI 6DQ0LJXHO

&RQYHQWRIODV&DSXFKLQDV

&DOLSKDO%DWKV



,QWKH3OD]DGHO&RQGHGH3ULHJRLQDGLV WULFWZKLFKWDNHVLWVQDPHIURPWKHFKXUFK VWDQGV WKH ODUJHVW DQG PRVW SRSXODU SDULVKFKXUFKLQ&RUGRED6DQWD0DUL QDZKLFKZDVIRXQGHGE\.LQJ)HUQDQGR ,,,´HO6DQWRµ



'HFODUHGD:RUOG+HULWDJH6LWHLWLVWKHODUJHVW,VODPLFPRQXPHQWLQWKH ZKROHRIWKHZHVWHUQZRUOGDQGWKHWKLUGODUJHVWPRVTXHLQWKHZRUOG %XLOGLQJ ZDV EHJXQ LQ  E\ $EҋG DO 5DKPDQ,RQWKHVLWHRIWKHIRUPHU9L VLJRWKEDVLOLFDRI6DQ9LFHQWHDQGLQ WKHWZRFHQWXULHVWKDWIROORZHGLWZDV H[WHQGHGE\$EҋGDO5DKPDQ,,DQG,,, $O+DNDP ,, DQG $OPDQ]RU $V D UHVXOW LW VKRZV WKH HYROXWLRQ RI WKH &DOLSKDWHҋV DUW ZKLOH LQ WKH &KULVWLDQ FDWKHGUDO EXLOW LQVLGH WKH 0RVTXH DIWHU WKH UH FRQTXHVWZHFDQVHHH[DPSOHVRIWKH *RWKLF5HQDLVVDQFHDQG%DURTXHVW\OHV

&KXUFKRI 6DQWD0DULQD

3DODFHRI WKH0DUTXHVHV GH9LDQD

$UFKDHRORJLFDOVLWHV

9



7KH WRXU EHJLQV DW WKH DUERUHWXP ZKLFK VLPXODWHVDQDWXUDOIRUHVWWKURXJKWKHYD ULRXVJUHHQKRXVHVWKHDJULFXOWXUDOVFKRRO DURVHJDUGHQRWKHUJDUGHQVDQGRIFRXU VH WKH 0XVHXP RI 3DOHRERWDQ\ ZKLFK SURYLGHV LQIRUPDWLRQ DERXW WKH GLIIHUHQW ÁRZHUV WKDW KDYH H[LVWHG WKURXJKRXW KLV WRU\ ,Q DGGLWLRQ WKH (WKQRERWDQLFDO 0X VHXPKDVDSHUPDQHQWH[KLELWLRQWKDWLOOXV WUDWHVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQVRFLHW\DQG SODQWVYLDGLIIHUHQWPRGXOHVDQGJDGJHWV

5R\DO%RWDQLFDO *DUGHQ

+RXVHPatioRI San Basilio

7KLVWKFHQWXU\KRXVHVWDQGVLQWKHSRSXODUGLVWULFWRI6DQWLDJR7KH PRVW LQWHUHVWLQJ IHDWXUHV LQFOXGH WKH 0XGHMDU VW\OH FRXUW\DUG ZLWK PXOWLIRLOHG DUFKHV DQG ULFK GHFRUDWLYH ZRUN 7KLV IRUPHU VWDWHO\ KRPHRQFHFRQWDLQHGDIRXQGU\IRUPDNLQJEHOOVZKLFKJDYHLWWKHSR SXODUQDPHZKLFKVXUYLYHVWRWKLVGD\$ZLGHUDQJHRIDUWLVWLFHYHQWVDUH KHOGKHUHWKURXJKRXWWKH\HDU

$UFKRI(O3RUWLOOR

$UFKRI El Portillo



6SDUVHO\ GHFRUDWHG DQG VLPSO\ EXLOW WKLV KRUVHVKRH DUFKZD\ RSHQHG LQ WKHWKFHQWXU\IDFLOLWDWHGPRYHPHQW EHWZHHQWKHROG0HGLQDDQGWKHZDOOHG $MHUTXtD

9



=RR

:HOFRPHWR&RUGRED=RRD:LOGOLIH&HQWUH ZKHUH\RXFDQOHDUQWRJHWWRNQRZUHVSHFW DQGORYHQDWXUHLQJHQHUDODQGHVSHFLDOO\ WKRVHDQLPDOVZKLFKVKDUHZLWKXVWKLVXQL TXHHFRORJLFDOHQYLURQPHQWSODQHW(DUWK

View more...

Comments

Copyright ©2017 KUPDF Inc.
SUPPORT KUPDF