October 11, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Y_-91 Q`rbcrgkcrg enkrçulnig
DGFPGL K@ PYC ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C
[_GKPIINÙF K@ LGY NFY[_PIINCF@Y C_NMNFGL@Y @F L@FMPG N[GLNGFG
Q_CENONKC P[NLNXG_ LG DÇWPNFG YNF EGO@_ L@ÄKC ^ ICDQ_@FKNKC GF[@Y @L ICF[@FNKC K@L Q_@Y@F[@ DGFPGL
@L DGFPGL K@O@ GICDQG×G_ G LG DÇWPNFG @F IGYC K@ _@R@F[G
Iùknmc kciud`ftc - @kninùf
Rçlnkc pgrg dçqunfg (f± k` dgträiulg)
PD;20179/Y - _`v.7 17/?171
;7
YCNLD@I Y.p.G. 057>, Rng Knsdgfc N-;=0?? I@Y@FG - N[GLNG N[GLNG [`l. [ `l. +9>-10;=-97>77 +9>-10;=- 97>777 7 - Bgx +9>-10;=-9750;; +9>-10;=-9 750;; ]`o8 ettp8//www.scnld`i.nt - @-dgnl8 scnld`iAscnld`i.nt
¡ Ycnld`i r`sp`tg `l d`knc gdon`ft` ! @st` dgfugl eg snkc ndpr`sc icf pgp`l olgfqu`gkc icf prckuitcs snf ilcrc `l`d`ftgl (Il?).
Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc Y_-91 Dgft`fndn`ftc Y_-91 Kciud`ftc iùknmc8 PD;20179/Y - _`v _`v.7 .7 @kninùf8 17/?171 Fnfmufg pgrt` k` `st` dgfugl pu`k` s`r r`prckuinkg, d`dcrnzgkg `f uf snst`dg k` grienvc c trgfsdntnkg g t`ri`rcs `f iuglqun`r bcrdg c icf iuglqun`r d`knc snf qu` YCNLD@I Y.p.G. lc egyg gutcrnzgkc pcr `sirntc icf gft`lginùf. YCNLD@I Y.p.G s` r`s`rvg `l k`r`iec k` gpcrtgr `f iuglqun`r dcd`ftc y snf gvnsc dcknigincf`s y d`hcrägs g sus prckuitcs icf lg nft`finùf k` gud`ftgr icfstgft`d`ft` lg iglnkgk, pcr lc tgftc `stg puolniginùf pu`k` s`r scd`tnkg g buturgs dcknigincf`s.
© Icpyrnmet ?171 YCNLD@I Y.p.G. - [ckcs lcs k`r`iecs r`s`rvgkcs. Ndpr`sc pcr `l Icfstruitcr `f I`s`fg.
D GFPGL K@ P P YC YC ^ D D GF[@FNDN@F[C GF[@FNDN@ F[C Y_-91 PD;20179/Y _ @R .7 @R .7
KCIPD@F[C K@ GI@Q[GINÙF @YQG×CL
ICQNG QG_G BN_DG_ ^ ICFY@_RG_ KCIPD@F[C K@ _@INOC K@L DG[@_NGL ^ K@ILG_GIN K@ILG_GINÙF ÙF @l pr`s`ft` dgfugl k` nfstruiincf`s, r`kgitgkc icfbcrd` g lg Knr`itnvg Dçqunfgs ?112/;?/I@, nft`ftg s`r k` gyukg g lcs usugrncs k` lg dçqunfg pgrg qu` s`g usgkg `f dckc icrr`itc `vntgfkc kg÷cs g p`rscfgs c icsgs.
@l r`sp`tc k` lgs knspcsnincf`s qu` icftn`f` `s ufg icfkninùf f`i`sgrng pgrg trgoghgr `f dckc r`spcfsgol` y icf s`murnkgk. Qgrg tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs y icdpcf`ft`s nfilunkcs `f `sp`iäics `l sudnfnstrc YCNLD@I, gufqu` s`gf yk``fprckuiinùf ICDN[@F[@ k`o`rç icfsultgr lcs kciud`ftcs gkhuftcs sudnfnstrgkcs huftc gl fc dgfugl, `l igsc qu`YCNLD@I, bglt`f tgl`s`l kciud`ftcs k`o`rç sclnintgrlcs gl s`rvninc k` gsnst`fing YCNLD@I. YCNLD@I fc pckrç s`r icfsnk`rgkg r`spcfsgol` k` kg÷cs prckuinkcs pcr ufg utnlnzginùf k` sus dçqunfgs qu` fc s`g icfbcrd` pl`fgd`ft` icf lcs dgfugl`s k` usc sudnfnstrgkcs. @f fnfmøf igsc, YCNLD@I pckrç s`r icfsnk`rgkg r`spcfsgol` k` kg÷cs qu` s` k`rnv`f k` k`b`itcs c k` lg utnlnzginùf k` dgqunfgrngs qu` fc s`gf k` fu`strg prckuiinùf, nfilunkcs lcs igscs `f lcs qu` `stc ciurrg icfbcrd` g lcs r`lgtnvcs dgfugl`s k` nfstruiincf`s. @l icdnt`ft` `s `l øfnic r`spcfsgol` k` lg utnlnzginùf k` lgs dçqunfgs `f dckc s`murc, s`møf s `møf lcs `stçfkgr pr`vnstcs `f lg fcrdgtnvg fc rdgtnvg gplnigol` y icfbcrd` g lcs dgfugl`s k` usc k` lgs dçqunfgs.
Icf lg rdg k`l pr`s`ft` kciud`ftc pcr pgrt` k`l ICDN[@F[@ y k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ YCNLD@I `figrmgkc k` lg `ftr`mg k` lg dçqunfg g÷gknkgs gl fgl k` `stg k`ilgrginùf s` i`rtnig qu`8 • @l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ eg `ftr`mgkc `l `qunpc gl ICDN[@F[@ ICDN[@F[@,, y qu` gl dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg tgl `qunpc eg snkc nfsp`iincfgkc `f dckc k` gs`murgrs` qu` tckcs lcs d`igfnsdcs y knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk, gt`fincf`s y `tnqu`tgs `stuvn`rgf pr`s`ft`s,
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hgkcs icrr`itgd`ft` c nfstglgkcs. @l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc YCNLD@I eg snkc `ftr`mgkc gl ICDN[@F[@ huftc gl `qunpc.
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@l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc egf `xgdnfgkc `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc.
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@l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc r`icfci`f y icdpr`fk`f qu` `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc nfknig qu` iuglqun`r buturc pct`fingl
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cp`rgkcr, `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc u cp`rgrnc qu` pu`kg trgoghgr icf `l `qunpc k`o` `xgdnfgr `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc gft`s k` trgoghgr icf c `f `l `qunpc. @l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc eg r`inonkc gl dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg uf gpr`fknzgh` gprcpngkc pgrg `l usc k`l `qunpc pcr pgrt` k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_. @l ICDN[@F[@ icdpr`fk` y r`icfci` qu` `s icdpl`tgd`ft` r`spcfsgonlnkgk k`l ICDN[@F[@ pcf`r `f prçitnig lgs nfknigincf`s k`l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc y lgs `fs`÷gfzgs k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_. @l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc r`icfci`f y icdpr`fk`f qu` `s r`spcfsgonlnkgk k`l ICDN[@F[@ sudnfnstrgr sudn fnstrgr uf gpr`fknzgh` gk`iugkc g buturcs cp`rgkcr`s, `figrmgkcs k` dgft`fndn`ftc u cp`rgrncs qu` pu`kgf trgoghgr icf `l `qunpc, k` giu`rkc icf lc nfknigkc pcr `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc y `l gpr`fknzgh` k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_.
NDQC_[GF[@ Gft`s k` r`ll`fgr `l snmun`ft` dùkulc gs`mør`s` k` ego`r l`äkc y `ft`fknkc `ft`fknkc ilgrgd`ft` ilgrgd`ft` lc qu` s` eg nfknigkc nfknigkc gft`rncrd`ft`. @l Icfstruitcr8 YCNLD@I s.p.g. Rng Knsdgfc 057> ;=0?? I@Y@FG - N[GLNG Bnrdg k`l r`spcfsgol`8 (Nfm. Glo`rtc Gftcf`lln) Y`llc8
@l Icdntt`ft`8 ……… ……… ……… Icf `l pr`s`ft` kciud`ftc k`ilgrc k` ego`r r`inonkc lg kciud`ftginùf r`lgtnvg g lg dçqunfg qu` d` eg snkc `ftr`mgkg. Dck`lc8 … … … Dgträiulg8 … … … Bnrdg k`l r`spcfsgol`8
Bnrdg k`l tîifnic nfstglgkcr8 ………
……… Y`llc8 ………
Qçmnfg nft`fincfgld`ft` vgiäg
D GFPGL K@ P P YC YC ^ D D GF[@FNDN@F[C GF[@FNDN@ F[C Y_-91 PD;20179/Y _ @R .7 @R .7
KCIPD@F[C K@ GI@Q[GINÙF @YQG×CL
ICQNG QG_G BN_DG_ ^ @FRNG_ YCNLD@I KCIPD@F[C K@ _@INOC K@L DG[@_NGL ^ K@ILG_GIN K@ILG_GINÙF ÙF @l pr`s`ft` dgfugl k` nfstruiincf`s, r`kgitgkc icfbcrd` g lg Knr`itnvg Dçqunfgs ?112/;?/I@, nft`ftg s`r k` gyukg g lcs usugrncs k` lg dçqunfg pgrg qu` s`g usgkg `f dckc icrr`itc `vntgfkc kg÷cs g p`rscfgs c icsgs.
@l r`sp`tc k` lgs knspcsnincf`s qu` icftn`f` `s ufg icfkninùf f`i`sgrng pgrg trgoghgr `f dckc r`spcfsgol` y icf s`murnkgk. Qgrg tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs y icdpcf`ft`s nfilunkcs `f `l sudnfnstrc YCNLD@I, gufqu` fc s`gf k` prckuiinùf YCNLD@I, `l
ICDN[@F[@ k`o`rç icfsultgr lcs kciud`ftcs gkhuftcs `sp`iäics sudnfnstrgkcs huftc gl dgfugl, y `f `l igsc qu` bglt`f tgl`s
kciud`ftcs k`o`rç sclnintgrlcs gl s`rvninc k` gsnst`fing YCNLD@I. YCNLD@I fc pckrç s`r icfsnk`rgkg r`spcfsgol` k` kg÷cs prckuinkcs pcr ufg utnlnzginùf k` sus dçqunfgs qu` fc s`g icfbcrd` pl`fgd`ft` icf lcs dgfugl`s k` usc sudnfnstrgkcs. @f fnfmøf igsc, YCNLD@I pckrç s`r icfsnk`rgkg r`spcfsgol` k` kg÷cs qu` s` k`rnv`f k` k`b`itcs c k` lg utnlnzginùf k` dgqunfgrngs qu` fc s`gf k` fu`strg prckuiinùf, nfilunkcs lcs igscs `f lcs qu` `stc ciurrg icfbcrd` g lcs r`lgtnvcs dgfugl`s k` nfstruiincf`s. @l icdnt`ft` `s `l øfnic r`spcfsgol` k` lg utnlnzginùf k` lgs dçqunfgs `f dckc s`murc, s`møf s `møf lcs `stçfkgr pr`vnstcs `f lg fcrdgtnvg fc rdgtnvg gplnigol` y icfbcrd` g lcs dgfugl`s k` usc k` lgs dçqunfgs.
Icf lg rdg k`l pr`s`ft` kciud`ftc pcr pgrt` k`l ICDN[@F[@ y k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ YCNLD@I `figrmgkc k` lg `ftr`mg k` lg dçqunfg g÷gknkgs gl fgl k` `stg k`ilgrginùf s` i`rtnig qu`8 • @l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ eg `ftr`mgkc `l `qunpc gl ICDN[@F[@ ICDN[@F[@,, y qu` gl dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg tgl `qunpc eg snkc nfsp`iincfgkc `f dckc k` gs`murgrs` qu` tckcs lcs d`igfnsdcs y knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk, gt`fincf`s y `tnqu`tgs `stuvn`rgf pr`s`ft`s,
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hgkcs icrr`itgd`ft` c nfstglgkcs. @l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc YCNLD@I eg snkc `ftr`mgkc gl ICDN[@F[@ huftc gl `qunpc.
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@l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc egf `xgdnfgkc `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc.
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@l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc r`icfci`f y icdpr`fk`f qu` `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc nfknig qu` iuglqun`r buturc pct`fingl
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cp`rgkcr, `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc u cp`rgrnc qu` pu`kg trgoghgr icf `l `qunpc k`o` `xgdnfgr `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc gft`s k` trgoghgr icf c `f `l `qunpc. @l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc eg r`inonkc gl dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg uf gpr`fknzgh` gprcpngkc pgrg `l usc k`l `qunpc pcr pgrt` k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_. @l ICDN[@F[@ icdpr`fk` y r`icfci` qu` `s icdpl`tgd`ft` r`spcfsgonlnkgk k`l ICDN[@F[@ pcf`r `f prçitnig lgs nfknigincf`s k`l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc y lgs `fs`÷gfzgs k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_. @l ICDN[@F[@ y iuglqun`r ctrc cp`rgkcr, qu` `l ICDN[@F[@ egyg icdufnigkc gl [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_ NFY[GLGKC_ `f `l dcd`ftc k` lg `ftr`mg k`l `qunpc r`icfci`f y icdpr`fk`f qu` `s r`spcfsgonlnkgk k`l ICDN[@F[@ sudnfnstrgr sudn fnstrgr uf gpr`fknzgh` gk`iugkc g buturcs cp`rgkcr`s, `figrmgkcs k` dgft`fndn`ftc u cp`rgrncs qu` pu`kgf trgoghgr icf `l `qunpc, k` giu`rkc icf lc nfknigkc pcr `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc y `l gpr`fknzgh` k`l [ÎIFNIC NFY[GLGKC_.
NDQC_[GF[@ Gft`s k` r`ll`fgr `l snmun`ft` dùkulc gs`mør`s` k` ego`r l`äkc y `ft`fknkc `ft`fknkc ilgrgd`ft` ilgrgd`ft` lc qu` s` eg nfknigkc nfknigkc gft`rncrd`ft`. @l Icfstruitcr8 YCNLD@I s.p.g. Rng Knsdgfc 057> ;=0?? I@Y@FG - N[GLNG Bnrdg k`l r`spcfsgol`8 (Nfm. Glo`rtc Gftcf`lln) Y`llc8
Bnrdg k`l tîifnic nfstglgkcr8 ………
@l Icdntt`ft`8 ……… ……… ……… Icf `l pr`s`ft` kciud`ftc k`ilgrc k` ego`r r`inonkc lg kciud`ftginùf r`lgtnvg g lg dçqunfg qu` d` eg snkc `ftr`mgkg. Dck`lc8 … … … Dgträiulg8 … … … Bnrdg k`l r`spcfsgol`8 ……… Y`llc8 ………
Qçmnfg nft`fincfgld`ft` vgiäg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>/902
@YQG×CL
Ndpcrtgft`s Nfbcrdgincf`s k` Y`murnkgk Lg dgycr pgrt` k` lcs giink`ft`s k`onkcs gl usc y gl dgft`fndn`ftc k` dçqunfgs y `qunpcs k` corg scf igusgkcs pcr lg bgltg k` r`sp`tc c pcr lg f`mlnm`fing k` lgs dçs `l`d`ftgl`s fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk y k` p`lnmrc pct`fingl k` ufg k`t`rdnfgkg sntuginùf, gft`s k` qu` `l giink`ft` ciurrg. @l p`rscfgl `figrmgkc k` lg dçqunfg y k` lcs `qunpcs k` corg k` lg dnsdg tn`f` qu` pr`stgr pr `stgr duieg gt`finùf g lgs k` p`lnmrc pct`fingl. p`rscfgs tn`f`f qu` on`f pr`pgrgkgs y pcs``r lgs igpginkgk`s y lgssntugincf`s e`rrgdn`ftgs gk`iugkgs pgrg @stgs `b`itugr icrr`itgd`ft` lgs `stgr knb`r`ft`s cp`rgincf`s. @l usc, lg luorniginùf, `l dgft`fndn`ftc c lg r`pgrginùf k` `stg dçqunfg `b`itugkcs `f dckc ndprcpnc pu`k`f s`r p`lnmrcscs y pu`k`f igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s, nfilusc lg du`rt` k` p`rscfgs. Fc utnlni` lg dçqunfg y fc `b`itø` cp`rgincf`s k` luorniginùf, dgft`fndn`ftc c r`pgrginùf k` lg dçqunfg gft`s k` ego`r l`äkc y icdpr`fknkc tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl usc, g lg luorniginùf, gl dgft`fndn`ftc y g lg r`pgrginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Lgs pr`iguincf`s bufkgd`ftgl`s qu` s` k`o`f gkcptgr `stçf k`sirntgs `f lg s`iinùf O «Y`murnkgkº k` `st` dgfugl. Nfbcrdgincf`s gknincfgl`s `stçf nfknigkgs igkg v`z `f lg k`sirnpinùf k` lgs cp`rgincf`s iuyg `h`iuinùf pu`k` prcvcigr rn`smcs `sp`iäics. @f `st` dgfugl lgs gkv`rt`fings `stçf nftrckuinkgs pcr lcs tr`s sädoclcs k`sirntcs g icftnfuginùf8
Q@LNM_C Lgs gkv`rt`fings pr`i`knkgs pcr `st` sädoclc s` r``r`f `xpr`sgd`ft` g sntugincf`s k` p`lnmrc nfdnf`ft`
icf pcsnol`s kg÷cs bäsnics mrgv`s (c dcrtgl`s) yg s`g pgrg `l cp`rgkcr icdc pgrg lcs k`dçs qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf `f lgs i`rigfägs k` lg dçqunfg. G[@FINÙF Lgs gkv`rt`fings pr`i`knkgs pcr `st` sädoclc s` r``r`f `xpr`sgd`ft` g sntugincf`s k` p`lnmrc nfdnf`ft`
icf pcsnol`s kg÷cs bäsnics mrgv`s yg s`g pgrg `l cp`rgkcr icdc pgrg lcs k`dçs qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf `f lgs i`rigfägs k` lg dçqunfg. Gk`dçs lg bgltg k` gkcpinùf k` lgs pr`iguincf`s intgkgs pu`k` ir`gr mrgv`s kg÷cs g lg dçqunfg y lg icfsnmun`ft` lndntginùf k` lcs `stçfkgr k` s`murnkgk pgrg lg iugl eg snkc kns`÷gkg. NDQC_[GF[@ Lgs gkv`rt`fings pr`i`knkgs pcr `st` sädoclc s` r``r`f `xpr`sgd`ft` g nfbcrdgincf`s tîifnigs y/c t`ifclùmnigs qu` s` k`o`f r`sp`tgr pgrg ufg utnlnzginùf dçs `igz k` lg dçqunfg. Gk`dçs nftrckui`f
llgdgkgs knr`itgs gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I gl iugl `s f`i`sgrnc knrnmnrs` pgrg iuglqun`r p`knkc k` _@IGDONCY C_NMNFGL@Y c k` GYNY[@FING [ÎIFNIG. ¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@!
Lgs gkv`rt`fings pr`i`knkgs pcr `st` sädoclc s` r``r`f `xpr`sgd`ft` g nfbcrdgincf`s ndpcrtgft`s
pgrg lg prct`iinùf k`l d`knc gdon`ft`. @f `l dgfugl `l d`fsgh` qu` gpgr`i` k`oghc k` lcs sädoclcs pu`k` s`r `sirntc c nlustrgkc icf murgs. [gdonîf `f lg dçqunfg egf snkc iclcigkgs `sp`ingl`s `tnqu`tgs c tgrh`tgs k` gkv`rt`fing icf cpcrtufgs nfstruiincf`s scor` lg dgf`rg k` prci`k`r pgrg nk`ftnigr lcs rn`smcs qu`, sn s` suo`stndgf, pu`k`f igusgr l`sncf`s mrgv`s c dcrtgl`s. Gl icfstru icfstruitcr itcr YCNLD@I fc l` `s pcsnol` pr`v`r tckgs lgs pcsnol`s inriufstgfings qu` pu`k`f pu` k`f prcvcigr pct`fingl`s rn`smcs `f lgs `b`itnvgs icfknincf`s k` `dpl`c y k` usc k` lg dçqunfg. Qcr `st` dctnvc lgs gkv`rt`fings, qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf `f `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl y `f lg dçqunfg, fc pu`k`f icdpr`fk`r tckgs lgs pcsnol`s sntugincf`s k` rn`smc pct`fingl. Yn `f lgs knb`r`ft`s cp`rgincf`s, s` gkcptgf prci`kndn`ftcs, e`rrgdn`ftgs y dîtckcs fc `xpr`sgd`ft` r`icd`fkgkcs pcr `l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I YCNLD@I, `s nfknsp`fsgol` gs`murgrs` qu` `l trgoghc s`g `b`itugkc `f lcs lädnt`s k` s`murnkgk p`rscfgl yg s`g k` qun`f lc `b`itøg icdc k` iuglqun`r ctrg p`rscfg. Gk`dçs egy qu` `stgr s`murcs k` qu` lg dçqunfg fc subrg kg÷cs y qu` fc s` vu`lvg nfs`murg pcr igusg k` prci`kndn`ftcs k` usc, luorniginùf, dgft`fndn`ftc c r`pgrginùf k` `l`iinùf k`l usugrnc fgl.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
71/902
@YQG×CL
Y`murnkgk pgrg lg `l`vginùf icf igor`stgft` guxnlngr ¡ LGk` DÇWPNFG @Y PFG M_ØG ! Gøf iugfkc lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg igor`stgft`FC guxnlngr, FC QP@K@ FPFIG Y@_ ICFYNK@_GKG PFG M_PG. @l igor`stgft` guxnlngr k`o` s`r utnlnzgkc øfnigd`ft` pgrg cp`rgincf`s nfvcluirgkgs `f `l prci`sc k` p`rbcrginùf icdc lg `l`vginùf k` icdpcf`ft`s k` lg dçqunfg, `qunpcs c gii`scrncs k` p`rbcrginùf. @l usc k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr pgrg lg `l`vginùf k` dgt`rngl`s pgrg iuglqun`r ctrc prcpùsntc c k` p`rscfgs `stç `xpr`sgd`ft` prcenonkc. Icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc8
³@l t`rr`fc `s ufg sup`rbin` `stgol`3 @l t`rr`fc, lgs sup`rin`s
cp`rgtnvgs c lgs plgtgbcrdgs nf`stgol`s pu`k`f gblchgrs` y prcvcigr lg nfilnfginùf k` lg dçqunfg. @stc pu`k` prcvcigr `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k`l ogrni`ftrc k` ufg dgf`rg ndprcvnsg. Qcr lc tgftc s` gicfs`hg lg dgycr pr`iguinùf iugfkc lg dçqunfg `stç iclcigkg scor` t`rr`fc, sup`rin`s c plgtgbcrdgs nf`stgol`s.
³Lg sup`rbin` k`l t`rr`fc `s llgfg3 Pfg nfilnfginùf k` ufc c
kcs mrgkcs pu`k` nfunr k` mrgf dgf`rg dgf`r g scor` `l r`fkndn`ftc k`l l`vgftgdn`ftc. Qcr lc tgftc s` r`icdn`fkg lg dgycr pr`iguinùf iugfkc s` trgoghg `f t`rr`fc, sup`rin`s c plgtgbcrdgs cp`rgtnvgs cp`rgtnvgs qu` fc `stîf `f llgfc.
@qunpc8
[ckcs lcs icdpcf`ft`s utnlnzgkcs kurgft` `l l`vgftgdn`ftc k` uf coh`tc k`o`f `ficftrgrs` `f ou`f `stgkc. Qgrg lg s`murnkgk k`l p`rscfgl `figrmgkc, `s `s`fingl icdprcogr icfstgft` y gt`ftgd`ft` `stcs icdpcf`ft`s. Y` gicfs`hg icdprcogr lgs icfknincf`s k`l t`rdnfgl k`l igol` g nft`rvglcs r`mulgr`s. Nfstgl` y dgft`fmg `in`ft`s lcs knspcsntnvcs k` in`rr` k` s`murnkgk. Icdpru`o`, gk`dçs, pcsnol`s kg÷cs c k`bcrdgincf`s `f `slnfmgs y igol`s. Fc utnlni` `f fnfmøf igsc igol`s mgstgkcs. @f `l igsc `f qu` `stîf k`t`rncrgkcs, sustntøyglcs nfd`kngtgd`ft`.
M`cd`träg k` `l`vginùf8
Qr`st` ufg pgrtniulgr gt`finùf `f `l igsc `f qu` lg igrmg fc s`g l`vgftgkg v`rtnigld`ft`. L`vgft` lg igrmg l`ftg y ufnbcrd`d`ft` pgrg `vntgr icfknincf`s k` nf`stgonlnkgk. [`fmg iunkgkc icf lgs igrmgs csinlgft`s qu` pckrägf igusgr sntugincf`s k` nf`stgonlnkgk nf`sp`rgkgs pcr igusg k`l dcd`ftc ir`gkc icf lg trgslginùf.
Icfbmurginùf k` lg dçqunfg8
Pfg vgrnginùf k` lg icfmurginùf k` lg dçqunfg pu`k` prcvcigr ufg orusig vgrnginùf `f lg `stgonlnkgk k` lg dnsdg dçqunfg. Qr`st` lg dçxndg gt`finùf iugfkc s` l`vgftg ufg igrmg icf lg gft`fg `f ufg pcsninùf knb`r`ft` k` lg v`rtnigl.
Q`rscfgl `figrmgkc8
[ckcs lcs `figrmgkcs k` lg p`rbcrginùf y lcs cp`rgkcr`s k`o`rçf icdpr`fk`r lg r`mulginùf , lgs igpginkgk`s y `l usc k`l `qunpc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc. Lcs `figrmgkcs k` lg p`rbcrginùf y lcs cp`rgkcr`s k`o`rçf bgdnlngrnzgr y icfci`r `l `qunpc qu` s` utnlnzg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
@YQG×CL
YCNLD@I Y.p.G. 057>, Rng Knsdgfc N-;=0?? I@Y@FG - N[GLNG N[GLNG [`l. [ `l. +9>-(1)0;=-97>777 - Bgx +9>-(1)0;=-9750;; +9>-(1) 0;=-9750;; ]`o8 ettp8//www.scnld`i.nt - @-dgnl8 scnld`iAscnld`i.nt
GM@F[@ C I@F[_C K@ GYNY[@FING LCIGL GP[C_NXGKC @st` `spginc `stç k`stnfgkc g lg gfctginùf k` lcs kgtcs k` nk`ftnbiginùf k` su Gm`ft` y k`l I`ftrc k` Gsnst`fing gutcrnzgkc k` su pgäs.
D@DC_GFKPD K@ LCY KG[CY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG @st` `spginc `stç k`stnfgkc g lg gfctginùf k` lcs kgtcs k` nk`ftnbiginùf k` su dçqunfg. Gl icftg icftgitgr itgr `l Y`rv Y`rvninc ninc Qcsv` Qcsv`ftgs ftgs YCNLD YCNLD@I, @I, pgrg ufg rçpn rçpnkg kg r`sc r`scluinù luinùf f k` lcs prco prcol`dg l`dgs s k` gsnst gsnst`fing `fing tîifnig, l` rcmgdcs qu` nfknqu` sn`dpr` lcs snmun`ft`s kgtcs8
Dçqunfg tnpc Fød`rc k` dgträiulg dçqunfg G÷c k` bgorniginùf
Icfsult` `l igpätulc [G_H@[GY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF
77/902
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?/902
@YQG×CL
Ndpcrtgft`s Gkv`rt`fings Ndpcrtgft`s pgrg `l Dgft`fndn`ftc Dgft`fndn`ftc y lg _`pgrginùf @v`ftugl`s sclkgkurgs gl gric scor` dçqunfgs `qunpgkgs icf gpgrgtcs `lîitrnics `lîitr nics y/c `l`itrùfnics k` dgfkc, icftrcl y s`÷glnzginùf y, `f pgrtniulgr, pgrtniulgr, icf lndntgkcr`s ` nfknigkcr`s k` igrmg `f `l igsc k` dçqunfgs `f v`rsnùf M_ØG scf k`sgicfs`hgkgs g prncrn. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, `f iuglqun`r igsc, `b`itugr `stgs sclkgkurgs, gtîfmgs` `sirupulcsgd`ft` g lgs snmun`ft`s gkv`rt`fings pgrg r`kuinr `l rn`smc k` kg÷cs nrr`v`rsnol`s g lcs gpgrgtcs intgkcs.
7 - Qgr` colnmgtcrngd`ft` `l dctcr kn`s`l sn `stç `f dgrieg. ? - K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs d`kngft` `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl nfstglgkc g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg. 9 - Icf`it` `l igol` k` tcdg k` tn`rrg k` lg sclkgkcrg g lg zcfg qu` tn`f` qu` sclkgr y, `f iuglqun`r iuglqun`r igsc, g d`fcs k` 01 id k` îstg. ; - Iclcqu` `l ocrf` k`l igol` k` tcdg k` tn`rrg k` lg sclkgkcrg lc dçs i`rig pcsnol` k` lg zcfg qu` tn`f` qu` sclkgr. 0 - Icdpru`o` qu` `l pgsc k` lg icrrn`ft` `lîitrnig k`l igol` k` tcdg k` tn`rrg fc gtrgvn`s` fnfmøf ichnf`t`. 2 - Fc us` icdpcf`ft`s `lîitrnics y/c `l`itrùfnics icdc tcdg k` tn`rrg k` lg sclkgkcrg. = - Fc `b`itø` sclkgkurgs scor` `l dctcr kn`s`l y/c icdpcf`ft`s nfstglgkcs scor` `l dnsdc dctcr. 5 - Qrct`hg lcs igol`s, lgs pgrt`s `lîitrnigs, `l`itrùfnigs y ctrcs icdpcf`ft`s k`lnigkcs icftrg sglpnigkurgs y `sicrngs k` sclkgkurg. @f pgrtniulgr, prct`hg lcs s`fscr`s k` lndntgkcr`s ` nfknigkcr`s k` igrmg sn lg dçqunfg `s `f lg v`rsnùf M_ØG. > - Qgrg sclkgr dgt`rngl`s knb`r`ft`s, gtîfmgs` g lcs prci`kndn`ftcs k` sclkgkurg fcrdglnzgkcs.
@l Icfstruitcr YCNLD@I s` r`s`rvg `l k`r`iec g k`f`mgr iuglqun`r r`ilgdginùf `f igsc k` nfiudplndn`ftc k` lgs pr`iguincf`s intgkgs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
79/902
ÄFKNI@ M@F@_GL @YQG×CL
ÄFKNI@ M@F@_GL
NF[_CKPIINÙF Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL
N NN
............................... ............... ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. .................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ........................ ....... ................................. ................ ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ............................. ............
..................... ........................NN Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC ICF COLNMC K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF ........................................... @Y[_PI[P_ @Y[_PI[P_G G K@ LCY G_MPD@F[CY ................................................................................NNN ICDQGMNFGINÙF .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. NR
ÄFKNI@Y ............... ................................ ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. .................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. .................... NR .... @Y[_PI[P_G @Y[_PI[ P_G K@ LG QÇMNFG ............... ............................... ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. .................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ............................. ............ R
PFNKGK@Y K@ D@KNKG ......................................................................................................... RN _@RNYNCF@Y .......................................................................................................................... RN
Y`iinùf G - NFBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF ............................. ........................................ ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... .................? ......? _@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y.............................. .......................................... ....................... ....................... ...............; ...; NK@F[NBNIGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG ......................................................................= K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY ...............................................71 KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY..................... ................................ ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ..................?= ......?= _@FKNDN@F[CY _@FKNDN@F[ CY ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... .................9? ......9? LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC........... PYC...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... .................99 ......99 PYC Q_@RNY[C........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................;1 .......;1 PYC NDQ_CQNC........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................;7 .......;7 Y@_RNINC QCYR@F[G .........................................................................................;? MG_GF[ÄG ............................................................................................................;9
Y`iinùf O - FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF ............................. ........................................ ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... .................? ......? NF[_CKPIINÙF............ NF[_CKPIINÙF ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................; .......; _@WPNYN[CY K@L Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC .....................................................2 Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC ............ ........................ ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... .......................5 ............5 FC_DGY QG_G PF BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC Y@MP_C K@ LG DÇWPNFG .77 FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK QG_G LG NFY[GLGINÙF ^ @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C 75 Q_@IGPINCF@Y QG_G LG YGLPK ....................................................................?; FC_DGY QG_G LG Q_C[@IINÙF K@L D@KNC GDON@F[@ ............................?2 Q_C[@IINÙF ICF[_G NFI@FKNCY .................................................................?= _N@YMCY _@YNKPGL@Y ^ XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C ........... ....................... ........................ .......................?> ...........?> IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .............97 .97 @DNYNCF@Y YCFC_GY ........... ....................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ..................9; ......9; Y@×GL@Y M@Y[PGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y............ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................90 .....90
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;/902
ÄFKNI@ M@F@_GL @YQG×CL
Y`iinùf I - BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF ............................. ......................................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................? .....? DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[C NFY[_PD@F[CY Y ........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... .....................0 ..........0 QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC ........................................................................................95 QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL ICF J@LL^ DCF[GKC ......................................29 QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKC YNF J@LL^ .....................................................=1 NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC ..............................................51 Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL (ICF J@LL^ DCF[GKC) ........5; Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKG (YNF J@LL^) ........................>1 NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ .......................................................>2
Y`iinùf K - DGF[@FNDN@F[C ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF ............................. ......................................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................? .....? FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF K@ LG Y@IINÙF ................................................= [GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C ^ LPO_NIGINÙF .............................79 GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ..................75 ......75 _@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINCF@Y KP_GF[@ @L _CKGH@ .....................?9 .....................?9 _@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @U[_GC_KNFG_N GY ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ..................... ..................... .......................?0 ............?0 _@YPD@F K@ LCY LCY QPF[CY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C C .......... ...................... ........................ .................90 .....90 _@YPD@F K@ K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[ BNL[_GINÙF ..................................................9> _@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF ............ ....................... ....................... .......................;7 ...........;7 _@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@ ......................... ..................................... ....................... ................;0 .....;0 Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC ...................... ................................. ....................... ........................ ....................... .....................;5 ..........;5 @YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING ........................ .................................... .................07 .....07 NF[@_R@FINCF@Y NF[@_R@FINC F@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ ......................22 ..........22
Y`iinùf @ - YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC KNGMFÙY[NIC IPDDNFY ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF ............................. ......................................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................? .....? YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC DC[C_ ......................... ..................................... ....................... ....................... ........................9 ............9
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
70/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG N N F[_CKPIINÙF - Q
NF[_CKPIINÙF @YQG×CL
NF[_CKPIINÙF @st` dgfugl eg snkc r`glnzgkc icf lg nft`finùf k` prcpcrincfgr nfbcrdgincf`s nfknsp`fsgol`s pgrg gkcptgr `l prci`kndn`ftc icrr`itc kurgft` lgs bgs`s k` rckgh`, utnlnzginùf y dgft`fndn`ftc k` su fu`vg p`rbcrgkcrg. @l r`sp`tc icfstgft` k` lgs fcrdgs icft`fnkgs `f `st` dgfugl mgrgftnzg d`hcr`s pr`stgincf`s, `icfcdäg k` bufincfgdn`ftc y ufg lgrmg kurginùf k` lg dçqunfg y p`rdnt` `vntgr lgs igusgs k` giink`ft`s dçs icduf`s qu` pu`k`f v`rnigrs` kurgft` `l trgoghc y `l dgft`fndn`ftc. L`g `l dgfugl icf iunkgkc y tîfmglc g lg dgfc pgrg buturgs icfsultgincf`s. Yn `f iuglqun`r dcd`ftc f`i`sntg icfs`hcs scor` su dçqunfg, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I qu` knspcf` k` Q`rscfgl tîifnic k` Gsnst`fing, k` _@IGDONCY C_NMNFGL@Y y k` tckc `l `qunpc f`i`sgrnc pgrg `b`itugr lgs cp`rgincf`s k` gsnst`fing. @f lc qu` s` r``r` `xpr`sgd`ft` g lg Y@MP_NKGK, s` gicfs`hg l``r gt`ftgd`ft` lgs FC_DGY M@F@_GL@Y icft`fnkgs `f lg Y@IINÙF O y lgs gkv`rt`fings `sp`iäigs pr`s`ft`s `f igkg igpätulc. Igkg dçqunfg `s `ftr`mgkg icf ufg icpng k` `st` dgfugl. Lgs k`sirnpincf`s y lgs nlustrgincf`s icft`fnkgs `f `stg puolniginùf FC scf RNFIPLGF[@Y. Wu`kgfkc rd` lgs igrgit`rästnigs `s`fingl`s k` lg dçqunfg, `l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I s` r`s`rvg `l k`r`iec k` gpcrtgr `f iuglqun`r dcd`ftc y snf `dp`÷grs` g pcf`r gl käg igkg v`z `stg puolniginùf dcknigincf`s g pgrt`s, k`tgll`s y sudnfnstrc k` gii`scrncs qu` icfsnk`rg icfv`fn`ft`s pgrg d`hcrgr lg iglnkgk c pcr `xnm`fings k` igrçit`r icfstruitnvc y icd`ringl. Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I qu` qu`kg g su tctgl knspcsninùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
72/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG NN N F[_CKPIINÙF - Q
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL @YQG×CL
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC ICF COLNMC K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @f icfbcrdnkgk icf lg KN_@I[NRG DÇWPNFGY ?112/;?/ ?112/; ?/ I@ y sus dcknigincf`s sui`snvgs r`lgtnvgs g lg r`kgiinùf cptndnzgkg k` kciud`ftginùf tîifnig pcsv`ftgs, `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl s` knrnm` `f pgrtniulgr g tckcs lcs qu`, nfknb`r`ft`d`ft` k` lg tgr`g prcb`sncfgl qu` tn`f`f `f `l çdontc prcb`sncfgl, `ftrgf `f icftgitc knr`itc icf lg dçqunfg c, `f iuglqun`r igsc, trgoghgf `f `l çr`g i`rig k` lg dçqunfg dnsdg. @l p`rscfgl `figrmgkc `s k`bnfnkc `f lg l`y`fkg snmun`ft`8 - _`spcfsgol` k` lg corg - Cp`rgkcr k` lg dçqunfg - Q`rscfgl `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc y/c k` lg r`pgrginùf - Q`rscfgl `figrmgkc k`l dcftgh` k` lg dçqunfg `f lg lg corg - Cp`rgkcr k`l igdnùf plgtgbcrdg k` trgfspcrt` - Cp`rgkcr k` lg mrøg gutcprcpulsgkg k` s`rvninc c k` lg mrøg k` pu`ft` Lg `struiturg k`l dgfugl d`kngft` lg knvnsnùf `f Y@IINCF@Y pcr grmud`ftcs y s`itcrngl`s p`rdnt` nfbcrdgr ` nfstrunr `l p`rscfgl `figrmgkc `figrmgkc k` dgf`rg `sp`iäig scor` sus tgr`gs. Qcr lc tgftc, s` gicfs`hg nfbcrdgr gl p`rscfgl p`rscfg l scor`kniec ` nfstrunrlc g bcfkc gft`s k` `dpl`grlc `f `l çdontc k` lg dçqunfg. Icdc yg s` eg `vnk`fingkc `f lg pgrt` nftrckuitnvg r`lgtnvg g lgs NDQC_[GF[@Y NFBC_DGINCF@Y K@ Y@MP_NKGK s` prceäo` g iuglqun`rg nft`rv`fnr scor` lg dçqunfg snf ufg pr`pgrginùf `sp`iäig y snf ego`r icfsultgkc gft`rncrd`ft` `st` dgfugl. @l dgfugl k`o` s`r icfs`rvgkc colnmgtcrngd`ft` `f `l nft`rncr k` lg igonfg k` dgfkc (ighg pcrtg-kciud`ftcs k`trçs k`l gsn`ftc) pgrg pck`rlc icfsultgr `f iuglqun`r dcd`ftc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG NNN N F[_CKPIINÙF - Q
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL @YQG×CL
@Y[_PI[P_G K@ LCY G_MPD@F[CY @l dgfugl eg snkc knvnknkc `f Y@IINCF@Y `sp`iäigs. Lgs Y@IINCF@Y pr`s`ft`s scf lgs snmun`ft`s8
G-NFBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y @stg s`iinùf k`sirno` prnfinpgld`ft` lg icdpcsninùf k` lg dçqunfg, lgs pr`stgincf`s y lgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. O-FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK @stg s`iinùf gfglnzg y k`sirno` lgs pcsnol`s sntugincf`s k` rn`smc qu` pu`k`f v`rnigrs` kurgft` `l usc y `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg.
KCIPD@F[GINÙF GKHPF[G @stg s`iinùf r`øf` tckg lg kciud`ftginùf tîifnig p`rscfglnzgkg k` scpcrt` gl pr`s`ft` dgfugl. Bcrdgf pgrt` k` `stg kciud`ftginùf8 - @squ`dg nfstglginùf enkrçulnig - @squ`dg nfstglginùf `lîitrnig - Dgfugl`s tîifnics `sp`iäics k`l dctcr tîrdnic - Dgfugl`s tîifnics `sp`iäics k` `v`ftugl`s M_PQCY BPFINCFGL@Y `xt`rfcs k` pgrtniulgr ndpcrtgfing.
I-BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC I-BPFINCFGDN@F[C @stg s`iinùf gfglnzg y k`sirno` lcs DGFKCY, lgs cp`rgincf`s k` [_GFYQC_ [_GFYQC_[@, [@, DCF[GH@, P[NLNXGINÙF y K@YDCF[GH@. K-DGF[@FNDN@F[C @stg s`iinùf gfglnzg y k`sirno` tckgs lgs cp`rgincf`syk` DGF[@FNDN@F[C C_KNFG_NC, @U[_GC_KNFG_NC lg utnlnzginùf k` lcs prckuitcs k` icfsudc `sp`iäics.
@f bufinùf k` lg icdpl`hnkgk k` lcs grmud`ftcs, lcs IGQÄ[PLCY y lcs YPO-IGQÄ[P YPO-IGQÄ[PLCY LCY `stçf `struiturgkcs s`møf fnv`l`s k` ndpcrtgfing knstnftcs icdc s` nfknig `f lg l`y`fkg g icftnfuginùf8
7± FNR@L ?± FNR@L 9± FNR@L ;± Fnv`l @h`dplc8
7±FNR@L NF[@_R@FIN NF[@_R@FINCF@Y CF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C ?± Fnv`l
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
9± Fnv`l 9± Fnv`l 9± Fnv`l c 9± Fnv`l ;± Fnv`l ;± Fnv`l
ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF [@FYNÙF C_PMGY LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF [_G [_GRN@YGY RN@YGY C_PMGY ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_NG DC[C__@KPI[C_ K@ [_GYLGINÙF DC[C__@KPI[C_ Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` Yustntuinùf gi`nt`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
75/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG NR N F[_CKPIINÙF - Q
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL @YQG×CL
ICDQGMNFGINÙF ÄFKNI@Y
O
G N F[_CKPXNCF@ F[_CKPXNCF@ - Q GMNFG N
NFKNI@ M@F@_GL@
N FBC_DG FBC_DGXNCFNM@F@_GLN - Q GMNFG ?
NFKNI@
N[GLNGFC
N[GLNGFC
NF[_CKPXNCF@ ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................NNN
Ycddgrnc
Q_@Y@F[GXNCF@ K@L DGFPGL@ ...................................................................................................................................................................NR NR
_NB@_ND@F[N ICFR@FXNCFGLN...........................................................................;
Q@_YCFGL@ GKK@[[CICF COOLNMC KNICFYPL[GXNCF@ .........................................................................................................................NR NR
Y[_P[[P_G KN G_MCD@F[GXNCF@ ...............................................................................................................................................................................................R NDQGMNFGXNCF@ ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................RN
NFKNIN .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................RN
QGMNFGM@F@_NI
PFN[G„ KN DNYP_G .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................RNNN GMMNC_FGD@F[N
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. RNN ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. RNNN
Y`zncf` G - NFBC_DGXNCFN M@F@_GLN
C_N@F[GD@F[C DGIIENFG.............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................; .............; YNDOCLCMNG NF PYC.................................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. .......................0 ........0 YNIP_@XXG............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ................0 ..0 BPFXNCFGD@F[C ........................... ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ....................0 ......0 DGFP[@FXNCF@ ........................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. .......................2 ........2
NK@F[NBNIGXNCF@ DGIIENFG.............................................................................= ICY[_P[[C_@.......................... ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ .........................= ...........=
_NB@_ND@F[NICFR@FXNCFGLN...........................................................................; NK@F[NBNIGXNCF@ DGIIENFG.............................................................................=
DCK@LLC @ [NQC......................... ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. .......................= ........= [G_ME@ KN NK@F[NBNIGXNCF@............................... ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. .........................5 ...........5 GL[_@ [G_ME@ KN NK@F[NBNIGXNCF@.................................... ............................. ............................ ............................. .....................5 ......5
K@YI_NXNCF@ M@F@_GL@ @ KG[N [@IFNIN.......................................... .............> PYC Q_@RNY[C....................................................................................................95
K@YI_NXNCF@ M@F@_GL@ @ KG[N [@IFNIN .......................................................>
PYC NDQ_CQ_NC............................................................................ .....................9>
K@YI_NXNCF@ M@F@_GL@......................... ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ .......................> .........>
Y@_RNXNC QCY[ R@FKN[G...................................................................................;1 MG_GFXNG............................................................................................................;7
[@_DNFCLCMNG QG_[N Q_NFINQGLN.................................... ............................. ............................ ............................. ........................71 .........71 KG[N [@IFNIN QG_[N Q_NFINQGLN ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ .....................7? .......7? YC[[CIG__C INFMCLG[C ........................... ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ................7? ..7? [C__@[[G_C[GF[@ ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................79 ...........79 KG[N [@IFNIN ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................ ..........................7; ............7;
Y`zncf` O - YNIP_@XXG _@WPNYN[N K@L Q@_YCFGL@ GKK@[[C.............................................................; G_@G KN LGRC_C..................................................................................................2 D@YYG NF Y@_RNXNC............................................................................................71 DGFP[@FXNCF@..................................................................................................70
DC[C_@ KN@Y@L............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ..................7; ....7; NDQNGF[C NK_GPLNIC............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................70 ...........70 NDQNGF[C @L@[[_NIC........................... ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................72 ...........72 G_MGFC Q_NFINQGL@ FINQGL@............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................7= ...........7= G_MGFC KN Y@_RNXNC............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................75 ...........75 INF@DG[NYDC ............................ ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ .......................7> .........7> GF[@FFG@ [@Y[G[G............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ..........................?1 ...........?1 YNY[@DGQPLL-KC]FG DG_[NF@[[C ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ..........................?7 ............?7
FC_D@ @ICLCMNIE@ @K GDON@F[GLN................................................ ...........?1
[GRCLG_C[G_^ ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ..................?? ....??
Q_@R@FXNCF@ NFI@FKN.................................................................. ...................?7
GY[G[@L@YICQNIG............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................? ..............?9 KND@FYNCFN @ Q@YN...................... ............................. ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. .....................?2 ......?2
PYIN[GGL[@_FG[NRG..................................................................... ...................??
DGIIENFGNF ICFBNMP_GXNCF@ KN LGRC_C ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ..............?2 ?2
_NYIEN _@YNKPN @ XCF@ G _NYENC....................................................................?9
DGIIENFGNF ICFBNMP_GXNCF@ KN [_GYQC_[C............................ ............................. ............................. .....................?5 .......?5
K@IGLICDGFN@ @ [G_ME@ KN GRR@_[@FXG................................................ ?0
Q_NFINQGLN
[G_ME@ KN @DNYYNCF@ _PDC_@............ .........................................................?5
@L@D@F[N
YDCF[GONLN
.......................................................................................?>
Q_@Y[GXNCFN KN LGRC_C..................... ............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................. ..........................9? ...........9? Q@_BC_GXNCF@ - R@_YNCF@ J@LL^............................. ............................ ............................. ............................. ............................ ..............9? 9? _GMMNC KN LGRC_C GDDNYYNONL@ - R@_YNCF@ J@LL^ .......... ........... .......... .......... ........... ....9?
Qcr dgycr ilgrnkgk, k`onkc g lg icdpl`hnkgk k` lg dçqunfg qu` `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl gfglnzgrç, `l äfkni` k` oøsqu`kg k` lcs grmud`ftcs `stç knvnknkc `f kcs dgf`rgs knstnftgs.
G-ÄFKNI@ M@F@_GL O-ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @l ÄFKNI@ M@F@_GL qu` s` `fiu`ftrg `f lgs pçmnfgs nftrckuitnvgs k`spuîs k` lg iuon`rtg k` lg puolniginùf pr`s`ftg lg prcmr`snùf k` lcs grmud`ftcs pgrçfkcs` gl prnd`r fnv`l k` k`sicdpcsninùf k` lgs Y@IINCF@Y y cbr`i` ufg trgzg pgrg GICY[PDO_G_Y@ `f lg suoknvnsnùf k`l dgfugl. @l ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF, pu`stc gl icdn`fzc k` igkg Y@IINÙF, k`sgrrcllg pcr icdpl`tc lg prcmr`snùf `sp`iäig y s`rç utnlnzgkc `f prçitnig pgrg tckgs lgs icfsultgincf`s sui`snvgs kurgft` `l PYC Q_ÇI[NIC k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG R N F[_CKPIINÙF - Q
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL @YQG×CL
@Y[_PI[P_G K@ LG QÇMNFG
Y_-=1 PD7?2151/N Qgm. 7; kn ?11
2
D GFP[@FXNCF@ - Q GMNFG 7??
NIP_@XXG - Q GMNFG ?7 Y NIP_@XXG
NF[@_R@F[N CQ@_G[NRN
9
Q_@R@FXNCF@ NFI@FKN
;
G_MGFC Q_NFINQGL@
N[GLNGFC
Lg dgiienfg å `qunpgmmngtg icf ku` `stnftcrn gllcmmngtn f`llg tcrr`ttg, f`llg pcsnzncf` nfknigtg nf murg.
G
ICF[_CLLC @ _NQ_NY[NFC LNR@LLC CLNC
-
Qcrtgr`l„gft`ffg nf pcsnzncf`v`rtnigl`.
-
Qcrtgrsnsul g rsnsul lgtck`strck`llg dgiienfg`k gii`k`r` gl pcrt`llck„nsp`zncf` G.
-
Qr`knspcrr` uf r`inpn`ft` p n`ft` scttcgl tgppckn lnv` lnv`llc llc O qunfknrnducv`rlc l`ftgd`ft`.
-
R`rnigr` lg bucrnusintg usintg kn clnc.
-
Y`rnsultggoocfkgft Y`rnsultggoocf kgft`s`rrgr`nl ` s`rrgr`nl tgpp tgppc c O.
-
Y ` r ns ul ul tg tg s ig ig rs rs g c n f` f` sn sn st st `f `f t` t` , p rc rc i` i` k` k` r` r` g l rgoociic.
-
_ngvvntgr ntgr` ` nltgppc O s`fzg s`rrgrlc icf bcrzg.
-
_nducv`r` nl tgppc kn sgtc ` nftrckuzncf` I.
-
Nftrckurr`clnc Nftrckurr `clnc nfqugftntáutnl`kglociie`ttcf` tcf` K k`l tgppc I.
Qr`fk`r` bgdnlngrntá icf l„usc k`ll„`stnftcr`8 prcvgr` g rnducv`rlc kgl suc gllcmmngd`ftc ` l`mm`r` l` r`lgtnv` nstruzncfn k„usc rnpcrtgt` sull„`tnie`ttg. Bgr icftrcllgr` p`rncknigd`ft` l„`stnftcr` kg p`rscfgl` quglnigtc, nf dckc ie` f` sng mgrgftntg l„`bin`fzg nf igsc kn onscmfc.
0
-
_nicftrcllgr`nllnv`llccttndgl`d`kngft`l„gll`ftgd`ftc k`ltgppc O.
-
Y`rrgr`nl tgpp tgppc c O `rnpcsnzncfgr` c fgr` nltgppc I.
Y` sn svnluppg uf nfi`fknc sullg dgiienfg fcf i`rigr` kn sp`mf`rlc icf giqug, nfbgttn l„giqug fcf bg kndnfunr` lg icdoustncf` k`ll„clnc ` pctr`oo` bgr` kg icfkuttcr` kn icrr`ft` f`l igsc kn uf nfi`fknc gll„ndpngftc `l`ttrnic.
7
?
CMFN
G[[@FXNCF@ Ptnlnzzgr` sclc l„`stnftcr` nf kctgzncf`. Y` sn utnlnzzgfc gltrn `stnftcrn gii`rtgrsn ie` sngfc k`l tnpc g f`v` kn gfnkrnk` igrocfnig, g s`iic c g sienudg. O
Qr`knsp Qr`k nspcrr crr` uf r`inpn`ft` ` ft` scttc t c gl tgp tgppc pc k`l tuo tuoc c `ssnonl` kn sigrnic @.
-
_nducv`r` nl tgppc kn sgtc k`ussc k`ll„clnc.
-
Icftrcllg cllgr` r` ie`l„clnc sngscttc nl lnv`llc l c k`l tgpp tgppc c qunfknrnducv`rlc.
-
_nducv`r` _nducv`r ` nl tgppckn sigrnic ic @ ` lgsingr` k`unr` icdpl`tgd`ft`l„clnc:g sigrnicultndgtc rnpcsnzncfgr` nltgppc.
-
Nftrckurr`clncnf qugftntáutnl` kglociie`ttcf` K, fc g qugfkc nfnzng g b ucrnusinr` kgll„crnznc k`l tgppc O.
-
Y`rrgr`nl tgpp tgppc c O `rnpcsnzncfgr`nltgppc I.
I,
@F[_C L@ Q_ND@
=
p `r `r g m` m` vc vc lg r` r` n l
I K
O,
?01 C_@ @
CMFN
7111 C_@
Lgs pçmnfgs k`l dgfugl tn`f`f ufg `struiturg täpnig qu` pr`s`ftg lcs snmun`ft`s `l`d`ftcs.
7 ? 9 ; 0
-
5
011 C_@
YCY[N[PXNCF@ CLNC
-
N[GLNGFC
Q_@R@FXNCF@ NFI@FKN
Lcmctnpc icfstruitcr [ätulc igpätulc [ätulc s`iinùf Fød`rc k` pçmnfg Dck`lc dçqunfg, iùknmc dgfugl y fud`rginùf prcmr`snvg k` tckgs lgs pçmnfgs qu` bcrdgf `l dgfugl.
Qu`k` ego`r ctrcs `l`d`ftcs `f icdonfginùf `ftr` `llcs, s`møf `l grmud`ftc trgtgkc `f lgs pçmnfgs.
2 - [`xtc c tgolg = - Gkv`rt`fings `sp`iäigs 5 - Bnmurg Qgrg p`rdntnr sui`snvgs gituglnzgincf`s, `l snst`dg k` fud`rginùf k` lgs pçmnfgs fc `s prcmr`snvc `f tckc `l dgfugl snfc sùlc g fnv`l k` Y`iinùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?1/902
F[_CKPIINÙF ÇMNFG RN - Q N F[_CKPIINÙF
Q_@Y@F[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL @YQG×CL
PFNKGK@Y K@ D@KNKG Lgs ufnkgk`s k` d`knkg gkcptgkgs `f `st` dgfugl egi`f r`b`r`fing g lgs icfv`fincf`s k`l Ynst`dg Nft`rfgincfgl k` Pfnkgk`s (YN).
_@RNYNCF@Y Lgs nfbcrdgincf`s icft`fnkgs `f `st` dgfugl `stçf ogsgkgs `f lc qu` `xnst` k` knspcfnol` `f `l dcd`ftc k` su icdpnlginùf. Y`møf `l `qunpc y lcs gii`scrncs k` lcs qu` `stç kctgkg lg dçqunfg pu`k`f `xnstnr knb`r`fings `f glmufcs t`xtcs c nlustrgincf`s snf qu` `stc pu`kg s`r dctnvc k` icft`stgincf`s. Y` pu`k`f `ficftrgr vgrngincf`s `f r`lginùf g ufg pgrtniulgr v`rsnùf k` lg dçqunfg `f iuglqun`r dcd`ftc gufqu` sn lgs nfbcrdgincf`s k` ogs` qu`kgf nfglt`rgkgs y fc pn`rk`f vglnk`z. @f iuglqun`r igsc gft`s k` nfningr iuglqun`r cp`rginùf `s f`i`sgrnc gs`murgrs` k` qu` s` knspcf`f tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s f`i`sgrngs icf pgrtniulgr r`b`r`fing g lgs gituglnzgincf`s k` lgs puolnigincf`s tîifnigs knspcfnol`s. Qgrg nfbcrdgincf`s k`tgllgkgs, knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?7/902
@YQG×CL
Y`iinùf G NFBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ? N FBC_DGINCF@Y
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Äfkni` k` Y`iinùf _@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y............................. ........................................ ....................... ........................ ................; ....; QCYNINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG .......................................................................................................; YNDOCLCMÄG P[NLNXGKG................... ......................................... ............................................ ........................................... ........................................... ........................0 ..0 Y@MP_NKGK ................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ 0 BPFINCFGDN@F[C .................................................................................................................................................... BPFINCFGDN@F[C .......................................................................................... .......................................................... 0 DGF[@FNDN@F[C ............................................................................................ DGF[@FNDN@F[C ...................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................... 2
NK@F[NBNIGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG ......................................................................= ICFY[_PI[C_ ...........................................................................................................................= K@YNMFGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG ...............................................................................................= [G_H@[ G_H@[GY GY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ..............................5 ........5 C[_GY [G_H@[ [G_H@[GY GY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF ........................................................ .................................. ............................................ ..........................> ....> KN_@I[NRGY ^ FC_DGY GQLNIGKGY ......................................................................................>
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY ...............................................71
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL .........................................................................................................71 [@_DNFCLCMÄG K@ LCY Q_NFINQGL@Y ICDQCF@F[@Y ................... ......................................... ................................. ...........777 KG[CY KG [CY [ÎIFNICY K@ LCY M_PQCY Q_NFINQ Q_NFINQGL@Y GL@Y .................... .......................................... .........................................79 ...................79 IG__C K@ C_PMGY........................................................................................ C_PMGY............................................................................................................................................... ....................................................... 79 [C__@[G .................................................................................................................................................................. [C__@[G ...................................................................................... ............................................................................ 7; DC[C_ KN@Y@L KN@Y@L .............................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... 70 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG .............................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................... ..................................... 72 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG ................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................... 7= IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[ GF[@ Q_NFINQ Q_NFINQGL GL............................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... ..................................... 75 IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[ GF[@ GPUNLNG_ ..................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ ..... 7> INF@DG[NYDC INF@DG [NYDC ................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... ?1 DÇY[NL ^ IGO@XG IGO@XG .......................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................ ?7 YNY[@DG K@ @DQPH@ ICF INLNFK_C ................................................................................................................. ?? D@YG _C[ _C[G G[C_NG.......................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................... ?9 OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^ J@LL^ ........................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .................................... ?;
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY ................... ............................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................?= .......?= DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC .....................................................................?= DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ ..................... ........................................... .........................................?> ...................?> Q_NFINQGL@Y Q_NFINQ GL@Y @L@D@F[CY K@YDCF[GOL@Y K@YDCF[GOL@Y .................................................. ............................. .........................................91 ....................91
_@FKNDN@F[CY _@FKNDN@F[ CY ............ ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................9? .....9? Q@_BC_GINÙF ..........................................................................................................................9? _GKNC K@ [_GOGHC GP[C_NXGKC.................... .......................................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................9? ..9?
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?9/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 9 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC........... PYC...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... .................99 ......99 LÄDN[@Y GDON@F[GL@Y GDON@F[GL@Y ...................... ........................................... ........................................... ............................................ ...........................................99 .....................99 R@LCINKGK K@L RN@F[C RN@F[C ..................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... .................................................. 9;
Q@FKN@F[@Y DÇUNDGY GP[C_NXGKGY ^ Q_@YNCF@Y GL YP@LC ....................................90 .................................. ..90 DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ ...................... ............................................ ........................................90 ..................90 DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GYLGINÙF ................... ......................................... ............................................ ......................92 92 DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC .....................................................................9= LÄDN[@Y K@ @DQL@C K@L IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ ...................... ............................................ ....................................95 ..............95
PYC Q_@RNY[C........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................;1 .......;1 PYC NDQ_CQNC ........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ...................;7 .......;7 Y@_RNINC QCYR@F[G .........................................................................................;? MG_GF[ÄG ............................................................................................................;9
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ; N FBC_DGINCF@Y
_@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y @YQG×CL
_@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y QCYNINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG
K
I
@
O
G Icf `l f k` k`hgr ilgrc y snf `qunvcigincf`s iuglqun`r r`b`r`fing e`ieg g icftnfuginùf `f `st` dgfugl, lg murg y lg tgolg snmun`ft`s icfsnk`rgf tckgs tckg s lgs pcsnol`s zcfgs k` lg dçqunfg, t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg qu` `l LGKC K@_@IEC y `l LGKC NXWPN@_KC s` r``r`f g lg pcsninùf k`l cp`rgkcr s`ftgkc `f lg igonfg.
Qcs. G O I K @ B
Xcfg k` k` r` r`b`r`fing Xcfg k`lgft`rg Xcfg trgs`rg Xcfg nfb`rncr Xcfg sup`rncr Lgkc k`r`iec Lgkc nzqun`rkc
B
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?0/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 0 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
_@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y @YQG×CL
YNDOCLCMÄG P[NLNXGKG Y@MP_NKGK Lg sndoclcmäg utnlnzgkg r`lgtnvgd`ft` g lgs GKR@_[@FINGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK `stç `xplnigkg `xilusnvgd`ft` `f lg Y`iinùf O - FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK. @f pgrtniulgr, icfsult` gt`ftgd`ft` `l igpätulc IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING.
Dgfugl` kn Bufzncfgd`ftc Psc ` Dgfut`fzncf` YNIP_@XXG
ID-7?1 IYQ
PD7?2711/N - @k.1=/>5 s`zncf`
O pgmnfg pgmnfg ??
Qcs.
Yndoclcmng
Gvv`r t`fzg
Q@_NICLCYQ@INBNIC
Wu`stg tgrme`ttg giicdpgmfgtg kg qu`llg m`f`rnig (v`kn pcs.7) `splnig f`llg lnfmug k`l Qg`s` kn utnlnzzgzncf` k`llg dgiienfg, nl tnpc kn gvv`rt`fzg kn iun t`f`r` icftc nf ufg sp`inbnig zcfg k`llg dgiienfg st`ssg.
RN@[G[C IN_ICLG_@ C YCY[G_@ F@L
;
_GMMNC KN GXNCF@ K@LLG DGIIENFG
1>0915>?
COOLNMC KN ICFYPL[GXNCF@ K@L DGFPGL@ K„PYC
Wu`stg tgrme`ttg rndgfkg gll„coolnmc kn icfsultgzncf` k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl`, r`lgtnvgd`ft` g pgrtniclgrn icfknzncfn k„usc kn uf icdgfkc `/c gltrc. Yn r`fk` qunfkn f`i`ssgrnc, s`munr` ufg sp`inbnig prci`kurg ie` fcf sgr`oo` k`sirnvnonl` nf ufg snfmclg tgrme`ttg.
0
1>0901?;
Q@_KN[@ KN BLPNKC NF Q_@YYNCF@
Fcf nft`rv`fnr` sullg rndczncf` kn tuogzncfn nkrgulnie` bl`ssnonln `/c rnmnk` nf qugftc vn å lg pr`s`fzg kn uf giiudulgtcr` kn pr`ssncf`. Gfie` icf dgiienfg sp`ftg, p`rdgf` ufg p`rniclcsg pr`ssncf` nkrgulnig gll„nft`rfc k`ll„ndpngftc. Ygrá f`i`ssgrnc p`rinÿ sigrnigr` lg pr`ssncf` k`ll„giiudulgtcr` prndg kn nft`rv`fnr`.
2
1>09015>
QPF[C KN GFIC_GMMNC COOLNMG[C_NC
Wu`stg tgrme`ttg s`mfglg nl puftc kn gficrgmmnc ` scll`vgd`ftc r`lgtnvgd`ft` g tuttn mln `l`d`ftn sdcftgonln ` scll`vgonln k`llg dgiienfg. Wuglsngsn gltrc puftc î kg rnt`f`rsn nfsniurc g prncrn.
=
1>090102
QG_[N YP__NYIGLKG[@
Wu`stg tgrme`ttg s`mfglg lg pr`s`fzg kn `l`d`ftn k`llg dgiienfg ie` pctr`oo`rc rnsultgr` surrnsiglkgtn nf k`t`rdnfgt` icfknzncfn k„ndpn`mc. Fcrdgld`ft` scfc pr`s`ftn f`ll` zcf` k`l snl`fzngtcr` ` k`l icll`ttcr` kn sigrnic k`l dctcr` t`rdnic. Qr`stgr` lg dgssndg gtt`fzncf`.
5
1>090127
YDgt12> (N) G[[@FXNCF@ K`knigr` nl t`dpc f`i`ssgrnc g bgdnlngrnzzgr` icf l` tgrme` ` l` k`iglicdgfn` kn sniur`zzg. Qulnr` c s cstntunr` qu`ll` `v`ftugld`ft` k`t`rncrgt` `/c nll`mnonln, utnlnzzgfkc uf pgffc dcronkc, giqug ` sgpcf`. Fcf usgr` o`fznfg c sclv`ftn ie` pctr`oo`rc siclcrnrl`. Wuglcrg ufg tgrme`ttg sng pcsnzncfgtg su uf pgrtniclgr` kg scstntunr`, sgrá f`i`ssgrnc rnicllcigr` lg st`ssg tgrme`ttg gfie` sul pgrtniclgr` fucvc. Nl icstruttcr` YCNLD@I k`ilnfg cmfn r`spcfsgonlntá p`r kgffn g p`rscf` c ics`, icfs`mu`ftn gll„nfcss`rvgfzg kn qu`st` r`mcl` icdpcrtgd`ftgln.
BPFINCFGDN@F[C Lg sndoclcmäg utnlnzgkg r`lgtnvgd`ft` gl y gl k` lg BPFINCFGDN@F[C K@YQLGXGDN@F[C dçqunfg `stç `xplnigkg `xilusnvgd`ft` `f lg Y`iinùf I - BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC. @f pgrtniulgr, icfsult` gt`ftgd`ft` `l igpätulc DGFKCY
Dgfugl` kn Bufzncfgd`ftc Psc ` Dgfut`fzncf` BPFXNCFGD@F[C @K PYC
s`zncf` I pgmnfg pgmnfg 7?
Q cs cs .
K ` fc dn dn f gz nc nc f `
Y nd nd o cl cm cm n g
D cv cv nd nd `f `f t c
F
Ienusurg infmclc
YD17.?1
71
@ NFY[_PD@F[ NFY[_PD@F[CY CY.
B uf uf zn zn cf cf `
YD>5.1;
D gf gf np cl cl gt gt cr `
F`utrc
F YD>5.12
F
Gp`rturg infmclc
YD17.7>
YD>5.10
YD15.10
YD>5.77
YD15.12
YD>5.7?
Gonlntgzncf` dgft`futc scll`vgtc) 7 1G 1G
Q cd `l lc
Nfnonzncf` rnlgsingtc)
Y`l`zncf` vglcr` nftuogtcr` 77
Y `l` t cr `
YD?0.1=
YD>5.70
YD?0.15
YD>5.72
Y`l`zncf` vglcr` nftuogtcr`
F YD17.15
Q`knpclgtcr` icf l`v`
Yvcltg g vgftn g infmclc b`rdc)
F YD>5.50
Yvcltg nfkn`trc g infmclc b`rdc)
F F YD17.1>
YD>5.52
Yvcltg g vgftn g infmclc b`rdc)
F F YD17.1=
YD>5.5=
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?2/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 2 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
_@B@_@FINGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y @YQG×CL
DGF[@FNDN@F[C Lg sndoclcmäg utnlnzgkg r`lgtnvgd`ft` gl DGF[@FNDN@F[C k` lg dçqunfg `stç `xplnigkg `xilusnvgd`ft` `f lg Y`iinùf K - DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C. @f pgrtniulgr, icfsult` gt`ftgd`ft` `l igpätulc QLGIGY @UQLNIG[NRGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C.
Dgfugl` kn Bufzncfgd`ftc Psc ` Dgfut`fzncf` DGFP[@FXNCF@ @ LPO_NBNIGXNCF@
s`zncf` K pgmnfg pgmnfg 2
K-7.;.
[G_ME@ @YQLNIG[NR@ KN DGFP[@FXNCF@
L` tgrme` rgbbnmurgt` f`l pr`s`ft` igpntclc, v`fmcfc gpplnigt` g ocrkc dgiienfg `/c gll„nft`rfc k`llg icbgfgturg, g, gllc sicpc kn nfknigr` icf rgmncf`vcl` ndd`kngt`zzg lg zcfg kn pcsnzncfgd`ftc kn ufc sp`inbnic `l`d`ftc sul qugl` sgrá f`i`ssgrnc nft`rv`fnr`. Qcs. Yndoclcmng
Nfknigzncf`
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Rglvclg kn sigrnic s`rogtcnc icdoustnonl`
7
Kgll„nfknigzncf` k`ll„`l`d`ftc sn rnsglnrá kn icfs`mu`fzg gllg tnpclcmng kn nft`rv`ftc kg `s`munr`. Lg tgo`llg s`mu`ft` nfkninzzg l` tgrme` l`mgfkcl` gl .). M_PQQC BPFXNCFGL@ kn gppgrt`f`fzg (v`kn K-71 71.).
Qcs. Yndoclcmng
5
1>09 011?
?
1>09 011=
9
>
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Bnltrc/n icdoustnonl`
71
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Rglvclg/` kn sigrnic dnsi`lg kn rgbbr`kkgd`ftc 1>09 0117
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC [gppc g pr`ssncf` p`r nftrckuzncf` dnsi`lg kn rgbbr`kkgd`ftc 1>09 0112
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Lnv`llc icdoustnonl`
77
1>09 017=
7?
1>09 0119
_NKP[[C_N-GIICQQNG[C_N [gppc kn nftrckuzncf` clnc luornbnigft`
79
1>09 0115
=
1>09 017?
_NKP[[C_N-GIICQQNG[C_N [gppc kn sigrnic clnc luornbnigft` 1>09 0110
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC [gppc kn nftrckuzncf` clnc luornbnigft`
2
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Bnltrc grng 1>09 0170
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC [gppc kn sigrnic icppg clnc luornbnigft`
0
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Gstnfg kn lnv`llc clnc luornbnigft` 1>09 0175
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC [gppc kn nftrckuzncf` s`rogtcnc icdoustnonl` [uogzncf` `l`ttrcpcdpg kn rnbcrfnd`ftc icdoustnonl` (s` nfstgllgtg c nf kctgzncf`)
1>09 0177
;
Nfknigzncf`
1>09 0171
DC[C_@ [@_DNIC Bnltrc/n clnc luornbnigft`
7;
_NKP[[C_N-GIICQQNG[C_N Bnltrc clnc luornbnigft` 1>09 017;
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG = N FBC_DGINCF@Y
NK@F[NBNIGINÙF DÇWPNFG @YQG×CL
NK@F[NBNIGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG
K@YNMFGINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG
ICFY[_PI[C_
•
K`snmfginùf/Bufinùf8 Q`rbcrgkcrg
•
Dck`lc/[npc/K`fcdnfinùf Dck`lc/[npc/K`fcd nfinùf icd`ringl8 Y_-91
YCNLD@I Y.p.g. Krnllnfm gfk Bcufkgtncf @qunpd`ft Rng Knsdgfc, 057> N-;=0?? I`s`fg (BI) - N[GLNG [`lîbcfc +9> 10;= 97>777 [`l`bgx +9> 10;= 9750;; ]`o ettp8//www.scnld`i.nt @-dgnl scnld`iAscnld`i.nt _`m. [rnoufgl k` Bcrlì f.;070 I.I.N.G.G Bcrlì-I`s`fg f.7?72=> Iùknmc Bnsigl y F± k` Nk`ftniginùf NR NRG G 1179>?11;12
Lg dçqunfg pu`k` s`r `qunpgkg k` dgf`rg knb`r`ft` pgrg r`glnzgr knstnftcs tnpcs k` trgoghc. R`rsnùf J@LL^ snmfnig qu` lg dçqunfg `stç pr`knspu`stg pgrg trgoghgr icf `l snmun`ft` `qunpc8 • ogrrg t`l`siùpnig (j`lly) • e`rrgdn`ftg • `v`ftugl ornkg k` grrgstr` pgrg tuoc k` r`v`stndn`ftc (igsnfm) • snst`dg pull-kcwf k` inlnfkrc. R`rsnùf IBG snmfnig qu` lg dçqunfg `stç pr`knspu`stg pgrg trgoghgr icf `l snmun`ft` `qunpc8 • ogrr`fg icftnfug • e`rrgdn`ftg • snst`dg pull-kcwf k` igol`.
NDQC_[GF[@ @l pr`s`ft` dgfugl k`sirno` lg dçqunfg `f v`rsnùf J`lly: pgrg lcs `qunpcs knb`r`ft`s intgkcs gft`rncd`ft` egmg r`b`r`fing g lgs s`iincf`s cpincfgl`s `sp`iäigs k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl qu`
s` gkhuftgrçf `f bufinùf k` lg v`rsnùf dçqunfg `ftr`mgkg gl usugrnc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?5/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 5 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
NK@F[NBNIGINÙF DÇWPNFG @YQG×CL
[G_H@[GY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF Lg dçqunfg y sus prnfinpgl`s icdpcf`ft`s `stçf nk`ftnigkcs pcr fød`rcs k` dgträiulg c k` bçornig, ndpr`scs scor` lgs tgrh`tgs c knr`itgd`ft` scor` `l icdpcf`ft`. @stcs kgtcs s`rvnrçf prnfinpgld`ft` pgrg knglcmgr snf `qunvcigincf`s icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f igsc k` llgdgkg pgrg nft`rv`fincf`s k` GYNY[@FING [ÎIFNIG c k` `ftr`mg k` _@IGDONCY C_NMNFGL@Y.
G
O
Lg murg nfknig lg iclciginùf k` lgs tgrh`tgs knb`r`ft`s qu` s`rçf `xgdnfgkgs g icftnfuginùf8 G -
@stg plgig gplnigkg knr`itgd`ft` scor` lg dçqunfg icftn`f` lcs kgtcs k` nk`ftniginùf prnfinpgl`s 7. Kgtcs icfstruitcr ?. K`snmfginùf dçqunfg 9. Dck`lc/tnpc/k`fcdnfginùf icd`ringl ;. Fød`rc k` sîrn` 0. G÷c k` bgorniginùf 2. Qct`fing fcdnfgl (`f j]) =. Dgsg (`f jm) 5. Iùknmc >. Dgrqugkc I@8 Lg dçqunfg iudpl` icf tckgs lgs knspcsnincf`s p`rtnf`ft`s k` lg Krv Ds ?112/;?/I@: `l dgrigkc I@ qu` s` iclcig knr`itgd`ft` scor` lg plgig k` nk`ftniginùf k` lg dçqunfg i`rtnig knieg icfbcrdnkgk.
O - Qlgig gscingtnvg
[email protected] @stg plgig nfknig qu` `l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I p`rt`f`i` g
[email protected] Gscinginùf k` s`itcr fgincfgl (N[GLNG).
7 YCNLD@I Y.p.G. Rng Knsdgfc, 057> ;=0?? I`s`fg (BI) - Ntgly
?
>
DGK@ NF @P - N[GL^
9 5
; 0 2 =
G
Icstruttcr` gsscingtc
[email protected] Pfncf` Icstruttcrn Dgiienf` @knln, Ytrgkgln, Dnf`rgrn` Dnlgfc Iccrknfgtrni` fgzncfgl` p`r l„ P.F.N k`ll` fcrdgtnv` kn sniur`zzg `urcp`` (I@@
[email protected].)
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG > N FBC_DGINCF@Y
NK@F[NBNIGINÙF DÇWPNFG @YQG×CL
C[_GY [G_H@[GY K@ NK@F[NBNIGINÙF Lgs tgrh`tgs k` nk`ftniginùf k` lcs icdpcf`ft`s icd`ringl`s nfstglgkcs `f lg dçqunfg (ocdogs, dctcr`s enkrçulnics, r`kuitcr`s, `ti.) `stçf knr`itgd`ft` gplnigkgs scor` lcs dnsdcs icdpcf`ft`s, `f lcs puftcs kcfk` lcs r`sp`itnvcs bgornigft`s lgs egf iclcigkc crnmnfgld`ft` (vîgs` kciud`ftginùf r`lgtnvg).
KN_@I[NRGY ^ FC_DGY GQLNIGKGY - ?112/;?/I@ -
Knr`itnvg Dçqunfgs
- ?11;/715/I@ - Icdpgtnonln Icdpgtnonlnkgk kgk `l`itrcdgmfîtn `l`itrcdgmfîtnig ig - ?111/7;/I@ -
@dnsncf`s Ycfcrgs `f `l @ftcrfc @ft crfc k`onkgs g lgs Dçqunfgs k` Psc gl Gnr` Lnor`
- >=/25/I@
D`knkgs icftrg lg `dnsnùf k` mgs`s prci`k`ft`s k` dctcr`s k` dçqunfg prci`k`ft`s dçqunfgs s dùvnl`s fc k` igrr`t`rg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
91/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 71 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL Lg dçqunfg `s ufg p`rbcrgkcrg enkrçulnig Y_-91 kns`÷gkg pgrg lg p`rbcrginùf k`l t`rr`fc t`r r`fc y lg `h`iuinùf k` pnlct`s k` ecrdnmùf icf c snf grdgkurgs y icf `v`ftugl `ftuoginùf (igsnfm). Lg t`ifclcmäg k` p`rbcrginùf qu` lg dçqunfg gkcptg `s lg k` rctginùf y `dpuh`. @s k`inr, ufg igo`zg dctrnz (d`sg rctgtcrng) kg ufg rctginùf g lg ogrrg t`l`siùpnig scor` lg iugl `stç dcftgkg ufg `sp`ingl e`rrgdn`ftg k` p`rbcrginùf. Lgs bgs`s k` `xigvginùf pu`k`f `b`itugrs` icf prci`kndn`ftcs knb`r`ft`s s`møf lgs igrgit`rästnigs m`clùmnigs k`l t`rr`fc, pcr `h`dplc `f s`ic c icf lckcs. Lg dçqunfg pu`k` `b`itugr lg iclciginùf k` lgs grdgkurgs, pcsnol`d`ft` tgdonîf icf `l knspcsntnvc vnorgft` r`glnzgkc pgrg d`hcrgr lgs igrgit`rästnigs k`l ecrdnmùf iclgkc y bgvcr`i`r lg iclciginùf k` lg grdgkurg. Lg dçqunfg pu`k` `b`itugr sclc p`rbcrgincf`s y pnlctgh` v`rtnigl (+/- 9± snf grdgkurg). @l dcvndn`ftc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng g lc lgrmc k`l dçstnl k` muäg `stç icftrclgkc pcr `l snst`dg pull-kcwf. @l dcvndn`ftc k` lg ogrrg t`l`siùpnic `stç icftrclgkc pcr `l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl qu` fc s` k`o` utnlnzgr pgrg ctrgs bufincf`s. @l igor`stgft` guxnlngr s` utnlnzg `xilusnvgd`ft` pgrg `l dcftgh` k` glmufgs pgrt`s k` lg dçqunfg f`i`sgrngs pgrg lg p`rbcrginùf y lg `h`iuinùf k` lcs pnlct`s. @s k`inr, snrv` g k`splgzgr e`rrgdn`ftgs `f lgs zcfgs i`rigfgs g lg dçqunfg, y g lg susp`fsnùf k`l vnorgkcr `v`ftugld`ft` `dpl`gkc y k` lgs grdgkurgs kurgft` lg bgs` k` iclciginùf.
Q@LNM_C [ckcs lcs trgoghcs intgkcs gft`rncrd`ft` pu`k`f s`r `b`itugkcs sùlc k`ftrc k` lcs lädnt`s y s`møf lgs dckglnkgk`s nlustrgkcs `f `st` dgfugl. @stç prcenonkc r`glnzgr trgoghcs pcr lcs iugl`s lg dçqunfg dçqunfg fc eg snkc kns`÷gkg. Iuglqun`r ctrg utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg s` icfsnk`rg icftrgrng gl usc pr`vnstc y, pcr icfsnmun`ft`, ndprcpng y `xnd` gl icfstruitcr k` iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk `f igsc k` kg÷cs ndputgol`s g uf usc ndprcpnc k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
97/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 7 N FBC_DGINCF@Y 77 7
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
[@_DNFCLCMÄG K@ LCY Q_NFINQGL@Y ICDQCF@F[@Y
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 7? N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`sirnpinùf
7
Igrrc k` crumgs
?
Igonfg
9
[nrgft` k` `l`vginùf
;
E`rrgdn`ftg
0
Ycpcrt` dçstnl
2
Ornkg k` grrgstr` tuo`räg k` r`v`stndn`ftc (c ornkg k` gp`rturg “ouij`t—)
=
Ogrrg t`l`siùpnig (j`lly)
5
D`sg rctgtcrng
>
Igo`zg k` muäg ogrrg j`lly
71
@l`d`ftc k` rctginùf
77
@l`d`ftc sup`rncr dçstnl icf igo`zg
7?
Olcqu`c k` r``fväc igol` prnfinpgl
79
Dçstnl
7;
Igor`stgft` guxnlngr
70 72
Igrrc k` k`slnzgdn`ftc d`sg rctgtcrng Igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
7=
Igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
75
Inlnfkrc k` `dpuh` (pull-kcwf)
7>
Inlnfkrcs dçstnl
?1
Inlnfkrcs orgzc
?7
Orgzc
??
Igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
?9
[crr`tg
?;
Lgstr`
?0
Icrcfg k` crn`ftginùf tcrr`tg
?2
Qrclcfmginùf ogrrg t`l`siùpnig (j`lly)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
99/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 79 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY K@ LCY M_PQCY Q_NFINQGL@Y IG__C K@ C_PMGY
@l igrrc `stç prcvnstc k` crumgs k` ilgs` K;K. Lg k`l gfiec k` väg däfndc p`rdnt` trgfspcrtgr lg utnlnzginùf dçqunfg snf prcol`dgs: `l gfiec k` väg dçxndc `s colnmgtcrnc `f tckgs lgs bgs`s cp`rgtnvgs nfilusc lg pu`stg `f s`rvninc y `l trgslgkc. @l igrrc s` `ftr`mg icdpl`tc icf gicplgdn`ftcs d`içfnics pgrg lg nfstglginùf k` uf `qunpc csinlgkcr k` `ftuoginùf. Lg pr`knspcsninùf enkrçulnig s` `b`itøg oghc p`knkc.
? ;
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) Dctcrr`kuitcr k` trgslginùf ?) _u`kg dctrnz 9) _cknllc nfb`rncr ;) [`fscr k` crumgs 0) _cknllc sup`rncr
9
0
7 2 =
2) Inlnfkrc k` gp`rturg trgvn`sg =) [rgvn`sg t`l`siùpnig 5) Huftg enkrçulnig rctgtcrng
5
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY Gfiec pgtnf`s
211 dd
Gfiec icf crumgs `str`iegkgs
?001 dd
Gfiec icf crumgs `fsgfiegkgs
9=11 dd
Lcfmntuk tctgl
;071 dd
Knstgfing `ftr` `h`s Bu`rzg k` trgiinùf fcdnfgl
9=71 dd ?>1 jF
R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` trgslgkc
?,? jd/e
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 7; N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL [C__@[G
Lg tcrr`tg G `s k` tnpc rctgtcrnc k` 921± pgrg icfs`ftnr lg dçxndg `xnonlnkgk k` iclciginùf r`sp`itc g lg zcfg k` trgoghc. Lg tcrr`tg `stç hgkg gl pcrtgkcr O pcr d`knc k` ufg icrcfg k` mnrc k`ftgkg I scor` lg iugl gitøg `l dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf. Lg igonfg pgfcrçdnig 7 `stç prcvnstg k` sup`rin`s vnkrngkgs `f lcs iugtrc lgkcs pgrg mgrgftnzgr ufg `xi`l`ft` vnsnonlnkgk k` lg zcfg k` trgoghc. @f su nft`rncr s` `fiu`ftrgf lcs tgol`rcs k` dgfkcs y icftrcl k`l dctcr y k` lcs inriuntcs guxnlngr`s, lg rgknc, `ti.
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) Igonfg ?) Mrupc igor`stgft`s 9) K`pùsntc igrourgft` ;) K`pùsntc gi`nt` enkrçulnic 0) Dctcr 2) Nfstglginùf `lîitrnig
?
G
7
O
=
2 9
=) Nfstglginùf enkrçulnig
;
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY _ctginùf scor` icrcfg k` mnrc R`lcinkgk k` rctginùf
0
921± 9 r.p.d.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
90/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 70 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
DC[C_ KN@Y@L @l dctcr kn`s`l `stç nfstglgkc `f `l lgkc nzqun`rkc `f lg pgrt` trgs`rg k` lg dçqunfg. @l dctcr k` lg dçqunfg `stç icftrclgkc pcr ufg ufnkgk k` icftrcl qu` gitnvg uf snst`dg k` gutcprct`iinùf (r`kuiinùf k` pct`fing) `f igsc k` gv`rägs. @f pr`s`fing k` ufg gfcdgläg k` bufincfgdn`ftc, `l knsplgy vnsuglnzg uf iùknmc k` `rrcr y lcs pgrçd`trcs nrr`mulgr`s scf d`dcrnzgkcs. Lg nfy`iinùf k`l mgsùl`c s` `b`itøg `f bufinùf k` lg t`dp`rgturg pgrg bginlntgr `l grrgfqu` `f bräc y `vntgr uf `xi`sc k` eudc. @l rîmnd`f nk`gl s` gligfzg mrgkugld`ft` `vntgfkc gsä iecqu`s tîrdnics k`onkcs gl grrgfqu` `f bräc. Bcrdgf pgrt` nft`mrgft` k`l mrupc dctcr kn`s`l lcs snmun`ft`s `l`d`ftcs prnfinpgl`s8 • •
_gkngkcr prnfinpgl k` `fbrngdn`ftc Bnltrc k` gspnrginùf k`l gnr`
•
Ynl`fingkcr tuoc k` `sigp`
NDQC_[GF[@ G `st` dgfugl s` gkhuftg `l dgfugl k` usc y dgft`fndn`ftc k`l dctcr kn`s`l gl iugl s` r`dnt` `l l`itcr pgrg dçs k`tgll`s.
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY Dgrig [npc Inilc k` bufincfgd`ftc Glnd`ftginùf F± inlnfkrcs
IPDDNFY WYO 2.= kn`s`l, ; tn`dpcs scor`glnd`ftgkc - r`brnm`rginùf nft`rd`kng 2 `f läf`g
Knçd`trc nft`rncr
-
Igrr`rg
-
Inlnfkrgkg _`lginùf k` icdpr`snùf Ynst`dg k` icdoustnùf Y`ftnkc k` rctginùf Ynst`dg k` r`brnm`rginùf nft`rd`kng Qct`fing nfstglgkg (YG@ H 7>>0) Icfsudc `sp`iäic g ??11 r.p.d. Icfb Ic fbcr crd` d` ` g lg lgss Fc Fcrd Fcrdgs rdgs gs vn vnm` vnm`ft`s m`ft ft`s `s r` r`lg r`lgtnvgs lgtntnvg vgss g lgs lgs `dnsncf`s `dns `d nsnc ncf` f`ss k` dctcr`s kn`s`l nfkustrngl`s8
2=11 id9 7=.?87 nfy`iinùf knr`itg, icddcf rgnl gftnecrgrnc gnr`-gnr` 72; j] (??1 Ep) A ??11 r.p.d. ?97 m/j]e PYG @QG [n`r 9, IG_O [n`r 9, @P Ytgm` NNNG
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
92/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 72 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG NDQC_[GF[@ G `st` dgfugl s` gkhuftg `l `squ`dg enkrçulnic k` lg dçqunfg gl iugl s` r`dnt` `l l`itcr pgrg dçs k`tgll`s.
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY - OCDOG Q_NFINQGL Ocdog prnfinpgl Igukgl dçxndc
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY - OCDOGY GPUNLNG_@Y Ocdog guxnlngr 7
ocdog kcol` k` k` pnstcf`s pnstcf`s gxngl`s gxngl`s 90? l/dnf A 97 DQg
ocdog kcol` k` k` ``fmrgfgh`s fmrgfgh`s
Igukgl dçxndc - 7g i iç çdgrg
9= l/dnf A ?0 DQg
Igukgl dçxndc - ?g i iç çdgrg
>2 l/dnf A 72 DQg
Ocdog guxnlngr ? Igukgl dçxndc Ocdog guxnlngr pgrg dgfkcs s`rvcgsnstnkcs Igukgl dçxndc
ocdog sndpl` k` `fmrgfgh`s ?; l/dnf A 72 DQg ocdog k` `fmrgfgh`s ?1 l/dnf A ; DQg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9=/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 7= N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG NDQC_[GF[@ G `st` dgfugl s` gkhuftg `l `squ`dg `lîitrnic k` lg dçqunfg gl iugl s` r`dnt` `l l`itcr pgrg dçs k`tgll`s.
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY [`fsnùf k` glnd`ftginùf Ogt`rägs
?; RKI f± ? k` 7?R - 7;1 Ge >01 G (@F)
Glt`rfgkcr Dctcr k` grrgfqu` Fcrdgs @F 21?1;-7 I@N - Icdpcf`ft`s icfbcrd`s g lgs fcrdgs scor` lg icdpgtnonlnkgk `l`itrcdgmfîtnig
=1 G 9,= j]
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
95/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 75 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL D`kngft` `l `frcllgdn`ftc y k`s`frcllgdn`ftc k`l r`lgtnvc igol` O, `l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl G giincfg lg oghgkg y lg suonkg k` lg ogrrg j`lly I y k` lg e`rrgdn`ftg k` p`rbcrginùf gicplgkg g `llg.
I
O
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL gftnmnrgtcrnc grrcllgdn`ftc lgfms, tcrsnùf k`r`ieg
[npc igol` Dgt`rngl
gi`rc pclnkc
_`snst`fing glgdor`s Knçd`trc igol` [cl`rgfing k` knçd`trc Lcfmntuk igol` Igrmg k` rcturg
7>21 DQg ?? dd + 1% + ; %
G
=0 d ;;1 jF
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL [npc
Y]-790 k` k`si`fsc icftrclgkc
[gdocr
rgfurgkc
_gfurgkc
k`l tgdocr
[rgiinùf
fcdnfgl - 7± `strgtc
@strgtcs
k` `frcllgdn`ftc igol`
L`ous 790 jF ?
Igpginkgk pcr `strgtc k` `frcllgdn`ftc
95 d / 5; d
R`lcinkgk - 7± `strgtc
=5,0 d/dnf
Ilgsniginùf
NYC ;917/7
D0-L?-[0
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9>/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 7> N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ D`kngft` `l `frcllgdn`ftc y k`s`frcllgdn`ftc k`l r`lgtnvc igol` O, `l igor`stgft` guxnlngr G icfsn`ft` lg dgfnpulginùf k` coh`tcs, gii`scrncs `sp`iäics k` lg t`ifclcmäg k` p`rbcrginùf c `l`d`ftcs k`sdcftgol`s k` lg dçqunfg qu` s` nfstglgf iugfkc `l dçstnl `stç `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl.
O
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY IGOL@ K@ Y@_RNINC gftnmnrgtcrnc grrcllgdn`ftc lgfms, tcrsnùf k`r`ieg
[npc igol` Dgt`rngl
gi`rc pclnkc
_`snst`fing glgdor`s Knçd`trc igol` [cl`rgfing k` knçd`trc
7>21 DQg 75 dd + 1% + ; %
Lcfmntuk igol` Igrmg k` rcturg
G
;0 d ?>1 jF
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ [npc
k` k`si`fsc icftrclgkc
k` igäkg lnor`
l n sc
lnsc
20 jF
= ? jF
9
;
72 d / 9= d / 21 d
79 d / 97 d / 07 d / =9 d
R`lcinkgk - 7± `strgtc
2= d/dnf
27 d/dnf
Ilgsniginùf
D;-L?-[;
-
[gdocr [rgiinùf
fcdnfgl - 7± `strgtc
@strgtcs
k` `frcllgdn`ftc igol`
Igpginkgk pcr `strgtc k` `frcllgdn`ftc
NYC ;917/7
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;1/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?1 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
INF@DG[NYDC Igrgit`rästnig prnfinpgl k`l inf`dgtnsdc `s lg k` icfs`ftnr, mrgings g su m`cd`träg pgrtniulgr, lg vgrnginùf k`l rgknc k` trgoghc k` lg dçqunfg dgft`fn`fkc dgft`fn`f kc `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, bginlntgfkc, k` `stg dgf`rg, lgs cp`rgincf`s k` iclciginùf k`l `qunpc k` p`rbcrginùf.
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) Igogll`t` k` `l`vginùf ?) Ycpcrt` dçstnl 9) Inlnfkrc orgzc ;) Orgzc
;
? 7
9
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;7/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?7 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
DÇY[NL ^ IGO@XG Igrgit`rästnig prnfinpgl k`l dçstnl `s lg k` p`rdntnr `l k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng y k` lg igo`zg k` muäg j`lly. Lg `struiturg k`l dçstnl `stç r`glnzgkg pgrg gprcv`iegr `l pgr dctcr dçxndc k` trgoghc nfk`p`fkn`ft`d`ft` k` lg pcsninùf k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng g lc lgrmc k` lgs muägs k` k`slnzgdn`ftc k`l dnsdc dçstnl.
7
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) @l`d`ftc sup`rncr icf igo`zg ?) @l`d`ftc i`ftrgl k`l dçstnl 9) Inlnfkrcs dçstnl ;) Olcqu` k` r``fväc igol` prnfinpgl
; ?
9
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY Lcfmntuk `l`d`ftc sup`rncr dçstnl icf igo`zg Lcfmntuk `l`d`ftc i`ftrgl dçstnl Nfilnfginùf dçxndg lgt`rgl Nfilnfginùf dçxndg eging gk`lgft` Nfilnfginùf dçxndg eging gtrçs (kurgft` `l trgoghc)
9;51 dd 7??>1 dd 9± ;± 7?±
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;?/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?? N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
YNY[@DG K@ @DQPH@ ICF INLNFK_C @l snst`dg “pull-kcwf— p`rdnt`, d`kngft` `l inlnfkrc O, k`splgzgr lg d`sg rctgtcrng G. @st` snst`dg s` utnlnzg pgrg kgr uf `dpuh` g lg ogrrg t`l`siùpnig kurgft` su rctginùf `f bgs` k` p`rbcrginùf. D`kngft` lg ornkg k` grrgstr` (oghc p`knkc), `s pcsnol` kgr uf `dpuh` tgdonîf g lg ufg `v`ftugl tuo`räg k` r`v`stndn`ftc (igsnfm).
G
G O
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY [npc
icf inlnfkrc enkrçulnic
Igrr`rg dçxndg
9011 dd
@dpuh` dçxndc (kurgft` enfigkc)
717,5 jF
[rgiinùf dçxndg kurgft` `xtrgiinùf
7?9,= jF
R`lcinkgk k` suonkg/oghgkg
0,= / =,; d/dnf
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;9/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?9 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
D@YG _C[G[C_NG Lg d`sg rctgtcrng `stç `qunpgkg k` uf dctcr enkrçulnic k` pnstcf`s gxngl`s: lg r`mulginùf k` lg v`lcinkgk `s gutcdçtnig `f r`lginùf g lg r`snst`fing k`l t`rr`fc. [r`s mgdgs k` v`lcinkgk k` p`rbcrginùf gs`murgf lg dçxndg `in`fing `f iuglqun`r tnpc k` t`rr`fc. Qgrg lg k`sigrmg k` e`rrgdn`ftgs k` tnpc gon`rtc `stç pr`vnstg ufg v`lcinkgk k` `vgiuginùf rçpnkg (spnf-cbb).
2 ?
@s pcsnol` tgdonîf nfstglgr ufg d`sg rctgtcrng icf dctcr`s enkrçulnics giincfgkcs d`kngft` igdonc `f lumgr k` lcs dctcrr`kuitcr`s k` ghust` gutcdçtnic. @stg d`sg rctgtcrng fc pr`s`ftg dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr, y lg `vgiuginùf k` lcs `sicdorcs s` `b`itøg d`tn`fkc lg dgrieg dçs gltg.
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) _`kuitcr k` ogs` ?) Dctcrr`kuitcr sup`rncr 9) [gdpùf k` gpcyc ogrrg j`lly ;) Dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr (sn pr`s`ft`)
0 9
7 =
0) Muägs Igrrc k` rctgtcrng 2) k` k`slnzgdn`ftc k`slnzgdn`ftc d`sg icf pgtnf`s =) @h` igrkçfnic* 5) Ornkg k` grrgstr` tuo`räg* / Ornkg k` gp`rturg “ouij`t— * cpincfgl `f igsc k` enfigkc
; 5
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY (D@YG _C[G[ _C[G[C_NG C_NG YNF IGDONC) Qr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg Qgr dçx. g lg pr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg
97 DQg 71= jFd
R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` trgoghc
9> r.p.d.
R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` `vgiuginùf `sicdorcs (“spnf-cbb—)
7;9 r.p.d.
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY (D@YG _C[G[ _C[G[C_NG C_NG ICF IGDONC) Qr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg
97 DQg
Qgr dçx. g lg pr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg - 7 g d dg grieg R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` rctginùf - 7g d dg grieg
71= jFd 9? r.p.d.
Qgr dçx. g lg pr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg - ? g d dg grieg
05 jFd
R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` rctginùf - ?g d dg grieg
21 r.p.d.
Qgr dçx. g lg pr`snùf k` trgoghc iglnorgkg - 9 g d dg grieg
72 jFd
R`lcinkgk dçxndg k` rctginùf - 9g d dg grieg (“spnf-cbb—)
712 r.p.d.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;;/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?; N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^ Lg dçqunfg pu`k` utnlnzgr kcs knstnftcs tnpcs k` ogrrg j`lly8 • k` brniinùf • k` olcqu`c d`içfnic
7 >
Ycf ogrrgs bcrdgkgs k` dçs `l`d`ftcs (fcrdgld`ft` k` kcs g infic) qu` trgfsdnt`f `l pgr k` tcrsnùf pcr d`knc k` lnstcf`s k` grrgstr`. Lg knb`r`fing icfsnst` `f lg trgfsdnsnùf k` lg bu`rzg: lcs `l`d`ftcs nft`rfcs k` lg ogrrg k` brniinùf s` trgfsdnt`f lg bu`rzg k` `dpuh` pcr brniinùf, dn`ftrgs gqu`llcs k` olcqu`c d`içfnic pcr d`knc k` `sp`ingl`s kn`ft`s k` pgrc (fc `vnk`fingkcs `f murg). Lgs ogrrgs j`lly k` olcqu`c d`içfnic `stçf fcrdgld`ft` kns`÷gkgs (sglvc igscs pgrtniulgr`s) k` dgf`rg qu` lcs kn`ft`s k` pgrc s` `fiu`ftr`f g ufg knstgfing tgl qu` p`rdntg gprcv`iegr lg igrr`rg dçxndg k`l inlnfkrc pullkcwf k` lg dçqunfg.
?
9 ;
0
[`rdnfclcmäg8 7) ?) 9) ;) 0) 2) =) 5) >)
Chgl k` gicplgdn`ftc (pgrg `l`d`ftc mnrgtcrnc) [gdpùf (k` gpcyc scor` d`sg rctgtcrng) @l`d`ftc `xt`rncr @l`d`ftc nft`rd`knc Lnstùf k` grrgstr` @l`d`ftc nft`rncr Du`ll` k` bcfkc [`rdnfgl k` gicplgdn`ftc e`rrgdn`ftg Igo`zg k` muäg (*)
;
2
(*) Fc k`o` icfsnk`rgrs` pgrt` nft`mrgft` k` lg ogrrg j`lly.
= 5
B
L
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;0/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?0 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
Chgl k` gicplgdn`ftc
[`rdnfgl k` gicplgdn`ftc e`rrgdn`ftg
KG[CY [ÎIFNICY Knçd`trc `l`d`ftc `xt`rncr8 õ 900 dd
olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic
9x> 9x77 ;x=,0 ;x> ;x77 ;x7?,0 0x=,0 ;x77 ;x> ;x> ;x77 ;x77 ;x77 ;x>
Qrcbufk. (d) ?;,> ?5,? ?0,9 9;,1 95,; ;0,7 97,2 95,; 9;,1 9;,1 95,; 95,; 95,0 9?,1
Q`sc (jm) 9711 9011 ?>11 9911 9>11 ;;11 9=11 9>11 9911 9911 9>11 9>11 9>11 9911
B (dd) 71=>; 7?;9; 50;0 >>>1 77291 79?=0 5901 77291 >>>0 7115= 770>1 77=7= 7759; >>>1
L (dd) ?2;11 ?>=11 ?2511 90011 9>>11 ;2211 99711 9>>11 90011 90011 9>>11 9>>11 ;1111 99011
olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic brniinùf brniinùf brniinùf brniinùf
;x71 ;x77 ;x77 0x> 0x77 ;x2 ;x=,0 ;x> ;x77
92,1 95,2 95,2 9>,5 ;5,? 75,5 ?0,9 9?,1 95,2
9211 9>11 9>11 ;911 0711 ?;11 ?>11 9911 9>11
71>>1 77291 77291 >>>1 77291 22=1 5901 >>>1 77291
9=011 ;1711 ;1711 ;7911 ;>=11 ?1911 ?2511 99011 ;1711
J`ll J` llyy knsp knspcf cfno nol` l`ss tnpc tnpc
Knd` Kn d`fs fsnc ncf` f`ss
occ c occ c
UO 771/]
olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic olcqu`c d`içfnic occ c
UO 771/U UO 771/Y
UO 751/]
UB 771/]
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;2/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?2 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
K@YI_NQINÙF M@F@_GL ^ KG[CY [ÎIFNICY @YQG×CL
UB 711/] UB 7;1/]
0x5,0 0x> 0x71
Qrcbufk. (d) 95,9 9>,5 ;0,7
Q`sc (jm) ;711 ;911 ;=11
B (dd) >2?1 >>>1 71>>1
L (dd) 9>511 ;7911 ;0711
0 ;xx7 77 7
; 95 5,,? 2
0 ;7 11 11 1
7 77 72 29 91 1
; ;> 1= 71 11 1
J`ll J` llyy knsp knspcf cfno nol` l`ss tnpc tnpc
Knd` Kn d`fs fsnc ncf` f`ss
k` brniinùf k` brniinùf k` brniinùf k k` ` bbrrnniiiinnù ùf f
Icf d`sg rctgtcrng oghgkg y e`rrgdn`ftg g E47011 dd (knstgfing d`knkg k`l gmuh`rc g lg puftg k` lg e`rrgdn`ftg).
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `l usc k` lgs j`lly s`dnf`mrgs, knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;=/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?= N FBC_DGINCF@Y
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY @YQGFÐL
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC
) — f w c k l l u p 1 “ 1 c 0 r 9 k f n l n i g r ` r r g i (
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;5/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?5 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY @YQGFÐL
sc cmr rohc - vrs jy 4 9=?11 jm
NDQC_[GF[@ @l p`sc s` r``r` g ufg dçqunfg `qunpgkg icf
j`lly k` olcqu`c d`içfnic ;x77d, `h` igrkçfnic y ornkg k` grrgstr` tuo`räg k` r`v`stndn`ftc snf e`rrgdn`ftg k` p`rbcrginùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
;>/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ?> N FBC_DGINCF@Y
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY @YQGFÐL
DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@
sc cmr rspcr (c jy occ c ;x77 ) 4 92511 jm sc cmr rspcr (c jy occ c ;x> ) 4 92?11 jm
NDQC_[GF[@ Lg icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt` k` lg dçqunfg
pu`k` vgrngr `f r`lginùf g `xnm`fings k` trgfspcrt` (knd`fsncf`s y p`sc k`l v`eäiulc k` trgfspcrt`) y g lcs `l`d`ftcs nfstglgkcs scor` lg dçqunfg `f knieg icfmurginùf.
NDQC_[GF[@ Yn lg dçqunfg k`o` s`r trgfspcrtgkg `f icfknincf`s knb`r`ft`s k` lg nfknigkg `f murg, igliul` k` fu`vc
`l p`sc tctgl suostrgy`fkc `l p`sc k` lcs knstnftcs icdpcf`ft`s qu` pu`k`f k`sdcftgrs` (vîgs` pçrrgbc “Qrnfinpgl`s `l`d`ftcs k`sdcftgol`s—). k`sdcftgol`s—).
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
01/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 91 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY @YQGFÐL
Q_NFINQGL@Y @L@D@F[CY K@YDCF[GOL@Y Ornkg k` gp`rturg “ouij`t— Knd`fsncf`s
(L x G x E) 4 =51x=51x951 dd Q`sc gprcx. 4 700 jm
Ornkg k` grrgstr` igsnfm (cpincfgl) Knd`fsncf`s (L x G x E) 4 7911x7911x;;1 dd
Q`sc gprcx. 4 091 jm
@h rc (cpc pr or rrsr)
Knd`fsncf`s (L x G x E) 4 2=1x2=1x751 dd
Q`sc gprcx. 4 7;1 jm
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
07/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 97 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
KND@FYNCF@Y ^ Q@YCY @YQGFÐL
@l`d`ftc k` rctginùf Knd`fsncf`s (L x G x E) 4 011x721x721 dd
Q`sc gprcx. 4 =1 jm
Igo`zg k` muäg ogrrg j`lly Knd`fsncf`s (L x G x E) 4 77=5x5=1x9>0 77=5x5=1x9>0 dd
Q`sc gprcx. 4 ?;1 jm
Ogrrg t`l`siùpnic (j`lly) NDQC_[GF[@ NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg lgs knd`fsncf`s y `l p`sc k` lgs knb`r`ft`s ogrrgs j`lly, egmg r`b`r`fing gl pçrrgbc “OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^—.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
0?/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 9? N FBC_DGINCF@Y
_@FKNDN@F[CY @YQG×CL
_@FKNDN@F[CY Q@_BC_GINÙF Knçd`trc dçxndc k` p`rbcrginùf Knçd`trc dçxndc k` p`rbcrginùf (icf tuoc k` r`v`stndn`ftc igsnfm)
õ 7011 dd õ 7?11 dd
Qrcbufknkgk dçxndg icf j`lly k` ; `l`d`ftcs t`l`siùpnics Qrcbufknkgk dçxndg icf j`lly k` 0 `l`d`ftcs t`l`siùpnics [rgiinùf/`dpuh`
95011 dd ;5011 dd 7?;/71? jF
NDQC_[GF[@ Lg prcbufknkgk dçxndg qu` s` pu`k` gligfzgr kurgft` lg p`rbcrginùf k`p`fk` k` kcs knstnftcs bgitcr`s8 • `l tnpc k` ogrrg j`lly `dpl`gkc • lg e`rrgdn`ftg (gltc) Yn, pcr `h`dplc, s` utnlnzg ufg e`rrgdn`ftg icf lcfmntuk tctgl k` 7011 dd, pgrg icfci`r lg prcbufknkgk dçxndg qu` s` pu`k` gligfzgr `f r`lginùf gl tnpc k` j`lly nfstglgkc, egmg r`b`r`fing gl igpätulc “Ogrrg t`l`siùpnic J`lly— `f lg pr`s`ft` s`iinùf.
_GKNC K@ [_GOGHC GP[C_NXGKC GP[C_NXGKC _L 4 _gknc k` trgoghc gutcrnzgkc
9111ý9011 dd
Q@LNM_C Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc utnlnzgr rgkncs k` trgoghc _L sup`rncr`s gl rgknc dçxndc gkdnsnol` kurgft` tckgs lgs bgs`s cp`rgtnvgs k` lg dçqunfg, `s k`inr8 - p`rbcrginùf: - usc k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr: - trgslgkc icf ogrrg j`lly y e`rrgdn`ftg: - iclciginùf icf ogrrg j`lly y e`rrgdn`ftg. Lg p`rbcrginùf `s pcsnol` egstg `l rgknc dçxndc _L g lc lgrmc k` lcs 921± k` rctginùf k` lg tcrr`tg (sglvc nft`rb`r`fings m`cdîtrnigs) scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc. Q`fkn`ft` dçxndg k`l t`rr`fc icfs`ftnkg8 · 7±.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
09/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 99 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC LÄDN[@Y GDON@F[GL@Y Icmr sr
[`dp`rgturg Gltntuk
-75±I ý +;9±I 9111 d scor` `l fnv`l k`l dgr
G[@FINÙF Y` prceäo` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg sn lcs lädnt`s gdon`ftgl`s fc icrr`spcfk`f g lcs pr`vnstcs pgrg lg bgs` cp`rgtnvg. Gft`s k` pcf`r `f s`rvninc lg dçqunfg, icdpru`o` qu` kurgft` `l `stgincfgdn`ftc c lg pgrgkg prclcfmgkg, lcs lädnt`s gdon`ftgl`s pr`vnstcs pcr `l icfstruitcr fc egygf snkc scor`pgsgkcs. G[@FINÙF @f `l igsc `f qu` s` pr`v`g ufg `xpcsninùf prclcfmgkg gl scl, s` gicfs`hg prct`m`r lg dçqunfg icf ufg ico`rturg pgrg `vntgr qu` lg t`dp`rgturg `f lg igonfg y `f `l icdpgrtndn`ftc dctcr sup`r` `l vglcr dçxndc gutcrnzgkc qu` s` nfknig `f `st` dgfugl. NDQC_[GF[@ Egmg r`b`r`fing gl dgfugl k` usc y dgft`fndn`ftc k`l dctcr qu` s` gkhuftg gl pr`s`ft` dgfugl. Qgrg nfbcrdgincf`s nfbcrdginc f`s r`lgtnvgs g icfmurgincf`s `sp`ingl`s
k` lg dçqunfg icf t`dp`rgturgs gdon`ft`s knb`r`ft`s k` lgs nfknigkgs, knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i. NDQC_[GF[@ @f bufinùf k` lgs t`dp`rgturgs pr`vnstgs tgftc `f lg bgs` cp`rgtnvg icdc k` `stgincfgdn`ftc, lg dçqunfg k`o`rç s`r gk`iugkg utnlnzgfkc tnpcs knb`r`ft`s k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic, gi`nt` luornigft` y icfi`ftrgincf`s knb`r`ft`s k` gftnicfm`lgft` pgrg `l `fbrngdn`ftc k`l dctcr. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs prckuitcs k` icfsudc pgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
0;/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 9; N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
R@LCINKGK K@L RN@F[C NDQC_[GF[@ Y` gicfs`hg icftrclgr lgs pr`vnsncf`s d`t`crclùmnigs igkg käg pgrg gftninpgr icfknincf`s k` vn`ftc gfcrdgl c k` dgl tn`dpc. Bu`rzg
Rn`ftc
1 7
Igldg R`ftclnfg
R`lcinkgk (d/s) * < 1.9 1.9 - 7.0
R`lcinkgk * (jd/e) @b`itcs 1-7 @l eudc s` `l`vg v`rtnigld`ft`: `l dgr `stg icdc uf `sp`hc. 7-0 @l eudc nfknig lg knr`iinùf k`l vn`ftc: p`qu`÷cs rnzcs, snf `spudg Lgs echgs k` lcs çrocl`s susurrgf: gpgr`i`f p`qu`÷gs clgs qu` fc 2 -77 rcdp`f Lgs echgs k` lcs çrocl`s `stçf `f icfstgft` dcvndn`ftc: p`qu`÷gs 7? - 7> clgs icf ir`stgs rcdpn`ft`s, gnslgkcs v`llcf`s k` `spudg Y` l`vgftg pclvc y pgp`l`s, s` gmntgf lgs icpgs k` lcs çrocl`s: ?1 - ?5 p`qu`÷gs clgs ir`in`fkc, igornll`c fud`rcsc y br`iu`ft` Y` oglgfi`gf lcs çrocl`s p`qu`÷cs: clgs d`kngfgs glgrmgkgs, ?> - 95 igornll`c y sglpnigkurgs Lgs rgdgs mrgfk`s k` lcs çrocl`s s` oglgfi`gf, snlogf lcs enlcs k`l 9> - ;> t`lîmrgbc: clgs mrgfk`s icf ir`stgs k` `spudg olgfig
?
Blchntc
7.2 - 9.9
9
Blchc
9.; - 0.;
;
Ocfgfinol`
0.0 - =.>
0
Br`squntc
5.1 -71.=
2
Br`sic
71.5 - 79.5
=
Br`sigieùf
79.> - 7=.7
01 - 27
5
Rn`ftc kurc
7=.? - ?1.=
2? - =;
>
Rn`ftc duy kurc
?1.5 - ?;.;
=0 - 55
71
[`dpcrgl
?;.0 - ?5.;
5> -71?
77
[`dpcrgl kurc
?5.0 - 9?.2
719 - 77=
7?
Eurgiçf
9?.= +
sup. 775
Lcs çrocl`s mrgfk`s s` du`v`f bu`rt`d`ft`, kniultgk pgrg gfkgr icftrg `l vn`ftc: `l dgr ir`i`: lg `spudg olgfig `s grrgstrgkg pcr `l vn`ftc Lgs rgdgs p`qu`÷gs k` lcs çrocl`s s` rcdp`f, inriulginùf k` p`rscfgs kniultcsg: clgs k` glturg d`kng y dgs glgrmgkgs, icdn`fzgf g k`stgigrs` tcro`llnfcs k` sglpnigkurg Lgs t`hgs vu`lgf k` lcs t`hgkcs: mrgfk`s clgs, `sp`sgs `st`lgs k` `spudg g lc lgrmc k`l vn`ftc Lcs grocl`s scf grrgfigkcs, s` prckui`f kg÷cs `f lcs `knincs: clgs duy mrgfk`s icf lgrmgs ir`stgs `f p`÷giecs, lg `spudg s` gmlcd`rg `f mrgfk`s ogfics y `s ll`vgkg pcr `l vn`ftc Cos`rvgkc rgrgd`ft`, s` prckui`f kg÷cs m`f`rglnzgkcs `f icfstruiincf`s: clgs k` glturg `xi`pincfgl, dgr iuon`rtc k` `spudg, vnsnonlnkgk r`kuinkg Cos`rvgkc duy rgrgd`ft`, mrgfk`s y `xt`fscs kg÷cs: clgs `fcrd`s, gnr` ll`fc k` `spudg, sglpnigkurgs, vnsnonlnkgk duy r`kuinkg
(*) v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc g ufg glturg k` 71 d`trcs scor` t`rr`fc llgfc
R@LCINKGK K@L RN@F[C YPQ@_NC_ G 01 jde / 97 dpe @s prceoc zr ors xr iugfkc iugfkc lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc `s sup`rncr g 01 jde / 97 dpe.
@f `st` igsc, `s pcsnol` s`munr p`rbcrgfkc, p`rc snf utnlnzginùf k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr. R@LCINKGK K@L RN@F[C YPQ@_NC_ G =? jde / ;0 dpe @s prceoc zr iugfkc lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc `s sup`rncr g =? jde / ;0 dpe.
Yn lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc `s sup`rncr g `st` udorgl, s` gicfs`hg pcf`r lg dçqunfg `f icfbnmurginùf k` gpgrigdn`ftc. R@LCINKGK K@L RN@F[C YPQ@_NC_ G >1 jde / 02 dpe @s prceoc zr c pcr pcr cmr scc iugfkc lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc
`s sup`rncr g >1 jde / 02 dpe. Yn lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc vn`ftc `s sup`rncr g `st` udorgl, s` gicfs`hg pcf`r lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`. @f pgrtniulgr8 k`sdcft` lg ogrrg j`lly c `l tr`f k` p`rbcrginùf, ogh` lg d`sg rctgtcrng egstg `l `l`d`ftc nfb`rncr k`l dçstnl y iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
00/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 90 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
Q@FKN@F[@Y DÇUNDGY GP[C_NXGKGY ^ Q_@YNCF@Y GL YP@LC DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ NDQC_[GF[@ Icf `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl pl`mgkc, lg dçqunfg pu`k` s`r icfkuinkg scor` p`fkn`ft`s k` ?1±.
7?± dgx.
5± dgx.
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
Q_@YNÙF DÇUNDG GL YP@LC 4 1,70 DQg Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `xi`k`r lcs lädnt`s dçxndcs nfknigkcs `f `st` dgfugl.
Q@LNM_C Icdpru`o` qu` `l t`rr`fc `stî fnv`lgkc y t`fmg ufg igpginkgk k` igrmg suin`ft` pgrg lcs vglcr`s
k` pr`snùf gl su`lc k`tgllgkcs pgrg lgs knb`r`ft`s G[@FINÙF Knrähgs` colnmgtcrngd`ft` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f igsc k` icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc knb`r`ft`s k` lgs nfknigkgs.
icfmurgincf`s k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
02/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 92 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GYLGINÙF
71± dgx.
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
Q_@YNÙF DÇUNDG GL YP@LC 4 1,7= DQg Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `xi`k`r lcs lädnt`s dçxndcs nfknigkcs `f `st` dgfugl.
Q@LNM_C Kurgft` `l trgfspcrt` `s colnmgtcrnc8 - iclcigr lg d`sg rctgtcrng `f lg pcsninùf pcsninùf dçs oghg pcsnol`
G[@FINÙF Knrähgs` colnmgtcrngd`ft` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f igsc k` icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc knb`r`ft`s k` lgs nfknigkgs.
- pcsnol` icdprcogr qu`rctginùf qu` lg tcrr`tgndpr`vnstg olcqu`gkg y fc s`g glmufg nd`stî pr`vnstg - prci`k`r icf `l dçxndc iunkgkc. iunkgkc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
0=/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 9= N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
DÇWPNFG @F ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
9± dgx.
Q_@YNÙF DÇUNDG GL YP@LC YNF LGY[_@ 4 1,92 DQg Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `xi`k`r lcs lädnt`s dçxndcs nfknigkcs `f `st` dgfugl.
Q@LNM_C Icdpru`o` qu` `l t`rr`fc `stî fnv`lgkc y t`fmg ufg igpginkgk k` igrmg suin`ft` pgrg lcs vglcr`s
k` pr`snùf gl su`lc k`tgllgkcs pgrg lgs knb`r`ft`s icfmurgincf`s k` lg dçqunfg.
G[@FINÙF Knrähgs` colnmgtcrngd`ft` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f igsc k` icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc knb`r`ft`s k` lgs nfknigkgs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
05/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 95 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
LÄDN[@Y K@ @DQL@C K@L IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ Q`sc j`lly + e`rrgdn`ftg
_gknc k` trgoghc (_.[.)
Qcsninùf dçstnl
v`rtnigl _.[ _. [. däf däfnd ndc c 4 9, 9,1 1d ;011 jm 9,1 d < _.[. < 9,0 d
_.[ _. [. däf däfnd ndc c 4 9, 9,1 1d 2111 jm 9,1 d < _.[. < 9,0 d
_.[ _. [. däf däfnd ndc c 4 9, 9,1 1d =011 jm 9,1 d < _.[. < 9,0 d
Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `xi`k`r lcs lädnt`s dçxndcs nfknigkcs `f `st` dgfugl. Q@LNM_C Lcs vglcr`s k`tgllgkcs `f lg tgolg `stçf r`lgincfgkcs icf lg dgfnpulginùf k` igrmgs susp`fknkgs. @stç prcenonkc grrgstrgr igrmgs pcr `l su`lc `f iuglqun`r knr`iinùf utnlnzgfkc `l igor`stgft` guxnlngr. G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` utnlnzgr `l igor`stgft` guxnlngr, gs`mør`s` qu`8 • lgs crumgs k`l igrrc `stîf icdpl`tgd`ft` `fsgfiegkgs • lg v`lcinkgk k`l vn`ftc s`g nfb`rncr g 01 jd/e. jd/e.
nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc v`rtnigl nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc v`rtnigl nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc v`rtnigl nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc v`rtnigl nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc v`rtnigl nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft`/ k` uf lgkc
Igrmg dçxndg qu` s` pu`k` nzgr icf igol` k` s`rvni s`r vninc nc (jm) (jm) 2111 jm
;111 jm 9511 jm ?901 jm 0911 jm 9901 jm 9111 jm 7201 jm ;011 jm 9021 jm ??11 jm 501 jm
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
0>/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG 9> N FBC_DGINCF@Y
LÄDN[@Y K@ PYC @YQG×CL
Lcs vglcr`s k`tgllgkcs `f lg tgolg k` igrmg k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr s` gplnigf g lgs snmun`ft`s icfknincf`s k` usc8 • [`rr`fc k` trgoghc llgfc icf p`fkn`ft` dçxndg k` 7± (uf mrgkc) r`sp`tc g lg ecrnzcftgl. • Nfilnfginùf k`l dçstnl k`ftrc k` lcs lädnt`s k` trgoghc nfknigkcs `f `l igpätulc “DÇY[NL ^ IGO@XG—. • _ctginùf k` lg tcrr`tg `f icftnfuc k` 921± sglvc `v`ftugl`s lndntgincf`s d`içfnigs k` lg dçqunfg. • Dcvndn`ftc k`l inf`dgtnsdc (pgrgl`lcmrgdc) k`ftrc k` lcs lädnt`s k`l rgknc k` trgoghc gutcrnzgkc nfknigkcs `f `l igpätulc “_GKNC K@ [_GOGHC GP[C_NXGKC—. • Qcsninùf k` lg e`rrgdn`ftg y k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng i`rig k`l su`lc.
G[@FINÙF @f iuglqun`r igsc s` prceäo` trgslgkgr lg dçqunfg icf igrmgs susp`fknkgs ` nfilnfgr `l dçstnl `f s`ftnkc lcfmntuknfgl c trgfsv`rsgl kurgft` lgs dgfncorgs k` `l`vginùf k` igrmgs. NDQC_[GF[@ @f `l igsc `f qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc trgslgkgr lg dçqunfg icf igrmgs susp`fknkgs c l`vgftgr igrmgs scor` p`fkn`ft`s knb`r`ft`s k` lgs nfknigkgs (p`rc k`ftrc k` lcs lädnt`s nfknigkcs `f `l igpätulc “Q@FKN@F[@Y DÇUNDGY GP[C_NXGKGY—), pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I pgrg cot`f`r lcs r`lgtnvcs vglcr`s k` igrmg. Q@LNM_C Guf iugfkc iugfkc lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg k` igor`stgft` guxnlngr, FC QP@K@ FPFIG Y@_ ICFYNK@_GKG PF GQG_G GQ G_G[C [C K@ @L@R @L@RGINÙF. GINÙF. @l igor`stgft` guxnlngr k`o` s`r utnlnzgkc øfnigd`ft` pgrg cp`rgincf`s nfvcluirgkgs `f `l prci`sc k` p`rbcrginùf icdc lg `l`vginùf k` icdpcf`ft`s k` lg dçqunfg, `qunpcs c gii`scrncs k` k` p`rbcrginùf. @l usc k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr pgrg lg `l`vginùf k` dgt`rngl`s pgrg iuglqun`r ctrc prcpùsntc c k` p`rscfgs `s `xpr`sgd`ft` prcenonkc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
21/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ;1 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
PYC Q_@RNY[C @YQG×CL
PYC Q_@RNY[C Lg dçqunfg Y_-91 `s ufg p`rbcrgkcrg enkrçulnig kns`÷gkg pgrg trgoghcs k` nfm`fn`räg invnl icdc ind`ftginùf, icfsclnkginùf k` t`rr`fcs y ctrcs trgoghcs `sp`ingl`s. Mrgings g lg gkcpinùf k` t`ifclcmägs dck`rfgs, lg dçqunfg pu`k` r`glnzgr lgs cp`rgincf`s k` p`rbcrginùf intgkgs gft`rncrd`ft` icf knstnftcs prci`kndn`ftcs `f r`lginùf g lgs igrgit`rästnigs m`clùmnigs k`l t`rr`fc. @f pgrtniulgr8 • Qnlct`s p`rbcrgkcs icf ogrrg j`lly y e`rrgdn`ftgs gk`iugkgs icdc trîpgfcs c iuiegrgs: • Qnlct`s p`rbcrgkcs `f s`ic c icf lckcs o`ftcfätnics: • Enfigkc y `xtrgiinùf k` tuo`rägs d`kngft` d`sg rctgtcrng y, sn f`i`sgrnc, k` `qunpcs k` `ftuoginùf csinlgkcr`s qu` s` gicplgf g lg dçqunfg (*): • Qnlct`s ogrr`fgkcs (*).
NDQC_[GF[@ @l pr`s`ft` dgfugl k`sirno` `l usc k` lg dçqunfg icf Qgrg `l`susc k`l `qunpc csinlgkcr k` lg`qunpc ogrr`fgj`lly. icftnfug, f`i`sgrnc nfstglgr pgrt`sc y gii`scrncs cpincfgl`s qu` fc `stçf k`sirntcs `f `stg v`rsnùf k` ogs` k`l dgfugl. Iugfkc lg dçqunfg s` `ftr`mg icdpl`tg icf kniecs `qunpcs `sp`iäics, îstcs
s`rçf trgtgkcs `f
s`iincf`s cpincfgl`s. Q@LNM_C Yn lgs pgrt`s y lcs gii`scrncs intgkcs `f lg fctg grrnog s` icdprgf sui`snvgd`ft`, `s f`i`sgrnc icdprcogr qu` `l dgfugl nfiluyg lg r`lgtnvg s`iinùf cpincfgl c, `f igsc k` bgltg, `s f`i`sgrnc knrnmnrs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg Ycnld`i pgrg p`knr ufg icpng k` knieg s`iinùf. Y` prceäo` intgkcs `xpr`sgd`ft` `l usc k` k` lgs lcs r`lgtnvgs `qunpcs cpincfgl`s `f gus`fing nfstruiincf`s k` usc. Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc r`glnzgr trgoghcs pcr lcs iugl`s lg dçqunfg fc eg snkc kns`÷gkg. Iuglqun`r ctrg utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg s` icfsnk`rg icftrgrng gl usc pr`vnstc y, pcr icfsnmun`ft`, ndprcpng. G[@FINÙF Y` prceäo` `b`itugr dcknigincf`s c nft`rv`fincf`s
k` iuglqun`r tnpc scor` lg dçqunfg sglvc lgs k` fcrdgl dgft`fndn`ftc. Iuglqun`r dckniginùf scor` lg
dçqunfg `b`itugkg pcr YCNLD@I c uf i`ftrc k` gsnst`fingfcgutcrnzgkc nfvglnkg gutcdçtnigd`ft` lg icfbcrdnkgk k` lg dçqunfg icf lg Knr`itnvg ?112/;?/ I@.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
27/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ;7 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
PYC NDQ_CQNC @YQG×CL
PYC NDQ_CQNC Qcr usc ndprcpnc s` `ftn`fk` `l usc k` lg dçqunfg pgrg `b`itugr trgoghcs fc pr`vnstcs `xpläintgd`ft` (pgrg uscs knb`r`ft`s k` lcs pgrg lcs iugl`s eg snkc prcy`itgkg) c icf dckglnkgk`s fc pr`vnstgs c nfilusc `xpr`sgd`ft` prcenonkgs.
Q@LNM_C @l usc ndprcpnc k` lg dçqunfg s` k`o` icfsnk`rgr duy p`lnmrcsc. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr `v`ftugl`s kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g uf usc ndprcpnc k` lg dçqunfg. Gk`dçs, iuglqun`r usc ndprcpnc k` lg dçqunf dçq unfgg nfvglnkg nfvgln nfv glnkg kg gutcdçtnigd`ft` gutcdç gut cdçtnig tnigd`f d`ft` t` lg icfbcrdnkgk icfbcr icf bcrdnk dnkgk gk k` lg dçqunfg icf lg Knr`itnvg ?112/;?/I@. Lg `xp`rn`fing giudulgkg pcr YCNLD@I `f lgs corgs k` tckc `l dufkc fcs ll`vg g s`÷glgr lcs snmun`ft`s igscs k` usc ndprcpnc k` lgs p`rbcrgkcrgs qu` s` k`o`f `vntgr `f gosclutc8 -
-
Psc k` lgc oghgr dçqunfg c k` sus pgrt`s pgrg k`splgzgr, l`vgftgr p`rscfgs. Psc k` lg dçqunfg icdc mrøg. Psc k` lg dçqunfg c k` sus pgrt`s pgrg `dpuhgr c tnrgr coh`tcs c `struiturgs `xt`rfgs. Psc k` lg dçqunfg c k` sus pgrt`s pgrg r`dcligr c `dpuhgr v`eäiulcs. Psc k` lg dçqunfg pgrg p`rbcrgr t`rr`fcs qu` f`i`sntgf k` t`ifclcmägs knb`r`ft`s k` lgs qu` lg dçqunfg pu`kg `dpl`gr. Psc k` lg dçqunfg pgrg fnv`lgr t`rr`fcs. Psc k` lg dçqunfg `f icfknincf`s k` t`rr`fc nf`stgol` c icf p`fkn`ft`s fc gutcrnzgkgs, p`rhuknigfkc lg `stgonlnkgk k` lg dçqunfg. Psc k` lg dçqunfg icf e`rrgdn`ftgs fc gprcogkgs pcr Ycnld`i. Psc k` lg dçqunfg `f icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s knb`r`ft`s k` lgs gutcrnzgkgs ` nlustrgkgs `f `st` dgfugl. Psc k` lg dçqunfg `f gdon`ft`s icf rn`smc k` `xplcsnùf c nfi`fknc. Psc k` lg dçqunfg `f igsc k` bgltg k`l dgft`fndn`ftc pr`vnstc pcr `l bgornigft`.
NDQC_[GF[@ Iuglqun`r usc ndprcpnc k` lg dçqunfg gfulg lg mgrgftäg k`l icfstruitcr icfstruitcr..
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
2?/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ;? N FBC_DGINCF@Y
Y@_RNINC QCYR@F[G @YQG×CL
Y@_RNINC QCYR@F[G Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` sclc r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s Ycnld`i. @l usc k` r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s Ycnld`i fc s` pcf` `f r`lginùf sclc icf lg vglnk`z k` lg mgrgftäg, sn fc tgdonîf g lg p`rb`itg `in`fing y s`murnkgk k` lg dçqunfg `f `l
tn`dpc, s`møf lgs icfknincf`s pr`vnstgs `f `l prcy`itc y utnlnzgkgs `f lg icfstruiinùf k` lg dçqunfg. Yn fc s` usgf r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s Ycnld`i, `f igscs `xtr`dcs, s` pu`k` icrr`r `l rn`smc k` mrgv`s giink`ft`s c k` du`rt` k`onkcs g lg fc icfbcrdnkgk k` lgs pn`zgs sustntunkgs. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.. Lgs k`dgfkgs k` Gsnst`fing [îifnig y k` _`igdoncs k`o`f s`r knrnmnkgs gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I. Knr`iincf`s, fød`rcs k` t`lîbcfc y k` t`l`bgx s` `fiu`ftrgf `f lg iuon`rtg k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. @f `l igsc `f qu` `l Y`rvninc k` Gsnst`fing [îifnig s`g r`glnzgkc k` pgrt`gutcrnzgkc k` uf Gm`ft` c k` ,ufgfct` I`ftrc k` Gsnst`fing lcigl YCNLD@I lg knr`iinùf y lcs kgtcs øtnl`s `f `l `spginc r`s`rvgkc `f lg pçmnfg `sp`iäig gft`s k`l äfkni` m`f`rgl. Qgrg lcs r`igdoncs egmg r`b`r`fing gl Icmc _`igdoncs sudnfnstrgkc icf lg kciud`ftginùf. @f `l igsc `f qu` glmufgs pgrt`s k` lg dçqunfg fc s` pukn`rgf nfknvnkugr knr`itgd`ft` `f `l igtçlcmc knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qcfnîfkcs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I u ctrcs I`ftrcs k` Gsnst`fing Gutcrnzgkcs, s` nfknigr pu`stcs colnmgtcrngd`ft` tckcs lcstgrh`tgs kgtcs k` k`o`f nk`ftniginùf `f lgs knb`r`ft`s iclcigkgs `f lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
29/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ;9 N FBC_DGINCF@Y
MG_GF[ÄG @YQG×CL
MG_GF[ÄG Icf lg kciud`ftginùf tîifnig k` lg dçqunfg s` `ftr`mg `l iupùf G icf lgs icfknincf`s m`f`rgl`s k` mgrgftäg qu` s` r`icdn`fkg l``r gt`ftgd`ft`. G lg `ftr`mg k` lg dçqunfg, pgrg icfvglnkgr lg b`ieg k` nfninc k`l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg, `s f`i`sgrnc r`ll`fgr `f tckgs sus pgrt`s `l iupùf G (infic icpngs) y `fvngr `f ufg igrtg i`rtnigkg knrnmnkg g YCNLD@I Ypg lgs icpngs icf lcs fød`rcs ?, 9 y ;. Lg icpng 7 `stç r`s`rvgkg gl Gm`ft` y lg icpng 0 k`o` s`r icfs`rvgkg pcr `l usugrnc. @f `l igsc `f qu` fc s` `fvä` `l iupùf `l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg `dpn`zg icf lg b`ieg k` sglnkg k`l dctcr k` lg bçornig.
G[@FINÙF @s cpcrtufc r`icrkgr qu`, icfbcrd`d`ft` gl icftrgtc, lg mgrgftäg pu`k` igkuigr igkuigr `f lgs snmun`ft`s icfknincf`s qu` fcrdgld`ft` icrr`spcfk`f g lcs igscs dçs br`iu`ft`s8 --
Bgltg k` nkcf`nkgk cp`rgkcr Psc ndprcpnc ndprcp nc k` lgk`l dçqunfg Ptnlnzginùf k` r`igdoncs r`igdoncs FC crnmnfgl`s crnmnfgl`s Bgltg k` dgft`fndn`ftc r`mulgr @h`iuinùf k` nft`rv`fincf`s k` r`pgrginùf s`møf prci`kndn`ftcs fc gprcogkcs icf gft`lginùf pcr `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
2;/902
FBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y - Q ÇMNFG ;; N FBC_DGINCF@Y
@YQG×CL
Qçmnfg nft`fincfgld`ft` vgiäg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
20/902
@YQG×CL
Y`iinùf O FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
22/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ? F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Äfkni` k` Y`iinùf NF[_CKPIINÙF............ NF[_CKPIINÙF ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... ....................... ...................; .......; ICFYNK@_GINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y ............................... ......... ............................................ ............................................ .....................................0 ...............0
_@WPNYN[CY K@L Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ..................2 .......2 CQ@_GKC_ ..................................................................................................................................2 DGF[@F@KC_ @ NFY[GLGKC_ .................................................................................................2 R@Y[PG_NC K@ [_GOGHC ........................................................................................................=
Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC ........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... .............5 ..5 Q_@Y@FING K@ [PO@_ÄGY, IGOL@Y C _@K@Y K@L MGY @F[@__GKCY ^ LÄF@GY @LÎI[_NIGY GÎ_@GY .................................................................................................5 BN_D@XG K@ LGY YPQ@_BNIN@Y ...............................................................................................> EPFKNDN@F[C K@ LG YPQ@_BNIN@ YPQ@_BNIN@ K@ GQC^C ...................................................................................... ................................................................................................... ............. 71
FC_DGY QG_G PF BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC Y@MP_C K@ LG DÇWPNFG .77 GII@YC G QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ICFKPIINÙF ^ XCFGY XCFGY K@ QGYC QGYC ..................... ........................................... .......................... ....777 QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ......................................................................................................77 YGLNKG K@ @D@_M@FING ........................................................................................................7? FC_DGY QG_G LG QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG Y@MP_G K@LG DÇWPNFG .................................7? FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L PYC Y@MP_C K@ LG DÇWPNFG .................... .......................................... .........................................79 ...................79 D@KNKGY ICF[_G LG IGÄKG IGÄKG K@ DG[@_NGL DG[@_NGL ...................................................................................................... 79 PYC K@ LG DÇWPNFG @F ICFKNINCF@Y D@[@C_CLÙMNIGY GKR@_YGY .................................................... 7; PYC K@ LG DÇWPNFG @F GDON@F[@Y DP^ QCLRC_N@F[CY QCLRC_N@F[CY........................................................................... 7;
FC_DGY QG_G LG QG_GKG QG_GKG Y@MP_G K@ LG DÇWPNFG ..................... ........................................... .................................7; ...........7; FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L [_GYLGKC [_GYLGKC ................... ......................................... ............................................ ............................................ ................................70 ..........70 FC_DGY QG_G @L _@DCLIGKC.................... .......................................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................72 ......72 FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L K@YQLGXGDN@F[C K@YQLGXGDN@F[C K@ PFG DÇWPNFG GR@_NGKG GR@_NGKG ........................................................... ..... ...................................................... 72
FC_DGY QG_G @L PYC Y@MP_C K@L IGO_@Y[ IGO_@Y[GF[@ GF[@ GPUNLNG_ ................... .....................................7= ..................7= FC_DGY QG_G @L L@R L@RGF[ GF[GDN@F[C GDN@F[C ..................... ........................................... ............................................ ..........................................7= ....................7=
FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK QG_G LG NFY[GLGINÙF ^ @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C 75 [_GFYQC_[@ ^ L@RGF[GDN@F[C L@RGF[GDN@F[C ..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................75 ..75 DCF[GH@ K@ LG DÇWPNFG .....................................................................................................75 FC_DGY ICF[_G IGÄKGY K@ GL GL[P_G [P_G ................... ......................................... ............................................ ......................................75 ................75 FC_DGY M@F@_GL@Y M@F@_GL@Y QG_G QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C ................... ......................................... .........................................7> ...................7> D@KNKGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK QG_G LG YCLKGKP_G YCLKGKP_G ............................................................................................. ?1 FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@L DC[C_ ^ K@L IN_IPN[C ICDOPY[NOL@ ................................... ?1 FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@L [_@F K@ _CKGH@ .......................................................................... ?7 FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ DÇY[NL ^ INF@DG[NYDCY............................................................... INF@DG[NYDCY............................................................... ?7
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
2=/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 9 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ QN@XGY @F DCRNDN@F[C ................................................................. ?7 FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG ........................................................ ?? OG[@_ÄGY OG [@_ÄGY ......................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................ ?? FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG ENK_ÇPLNIG ....................................................... ....................................................... ?9 FC_DGY QG_G QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF K@ ILNDG[NXGINÙF ILNDG[NXGINÙF .......................................... ?9
Q_@IGPINCF@Y QG_G LG YGLPK ....................................................................?; ICF[GI[C ICF GI@N[@Y, ÇINKCY, ICDOPY[NOL@ ^ _@B_NM@_GF[@Y........................?; _@B_NM@_GF[@Y ........................?; Q_ND@_GY G^PKGY G^PKGY @F IGYC K@ BPLMP_GINÙF................... ......................................... ............................................ ......................?0 ?0
FC_DGY QG_G LG Q_C[@IINÙF K@L D@KNC GDON@F[@ ............................?2 Q_C[@IINÙF ICF[_G NFI@FKNCY ............ ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ..................?= .......?= PYC K@L @U[NF[C_ .................................................................................................................?5
_N@YMCY _@YNKPGL@Y ^ XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C ........... ....................... ........................ .......................?> ...........?> IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .............97 .97 @DNYNCF@Y YCFC_GY ........... ....................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ..................9; ......9; FNR@L K@ Q_@YNÙF GIØY[NIG QCFK@_GKC (G) @F @L QP@Y[C CQ@_GKC_ ................9; FNR@L K@ QC[@FING GIØY[NIG GIØY[NIG MG_GF[NXGKC ................................................................9;
Y@×GL@Y M@Y[PGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y............ ....................... ....................... ........................ .................90 .....90
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
25/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ; F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NF[_CKPIINÙF @YQG×CL
NF[_CKPIINÙF KGFM@_ @l nfiudplndn`ftc k` lgs nfstruiincf`s y fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk k`tgllgkgs `f `st` dgfugl pu`k` prcvcigr mrgv`s l`sncf`s c nfilusc lg du`rt`. Qgrg `vntgr sntugincf`s p`lnmrcsgs8 • L`g y icdpr`fkg lgs fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl gft`s k` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg. • Icdpru`o` `l bufincfgdn`ftc icrr`itc k` tckgs lgs bufincf`s k` lg dçqunfg gft`s k` `dp`zgr `l trgoghc. • Nfsp`iincf` `l çr`g k` trgoghc gft`s k` pcf`r `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg. • Ptnlni` lg dçqunfg sclc pgrg `l f pgrg `l qu` bu` kns`÷gkg.
G[@FINÙF L`g gt`ftgd`ft`,
icdpr`fkg
y
iudplg
lgs
nfstruiincf`s k`l icfstruitcr, lgs fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk, lgs nfstruiincf`s k` usc y lgs iglicdgfägs gplnigkgs scor` lg dçqunfg. G[@FINÙF L`g gt`ftgd`ft`, icdpr`fkg y iudplg lgs fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk k`l lumgr k` trgoghc. G[@FINÙF @l usc k` lg dçqunfg `stç r`s`rvgkc g p`rscfgl iuglnbigkc ` gk`iugkgd`ft` nfstrunkc scor` lgs
fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk. NDQC_[GF[@ Igkgpr`s`ft` dçqunfg dgfugl. `s sudnfnstrgkg icf ufg c dçs icpngs k`l Icdpru`o` ictnkngfgd`ft` qu` s`g icfs`rvgkc `f `l `sp`ingl `spginc pcrtg- kciud`ftcs, pgrg pck`rlc icfsultgr `f igkg dcd`ftc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
2>/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 0 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NF[_CKPIINÙF @YQG×CL
ICFYNK@_GINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y Lg dgycr pgrt` k` lcs giink`ft`s qu` s` k`rnvgf k`l usc y `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` dçqunfgs y `qunpcs k` corg tn`f`f icdc crnm`f lg bgltg k` cos`rvginùf k` lgs dçs `l`d`ftgl`s pr`iguincf`s k` s`murnkgk. Qcr lc tgftc `s f`i`sgrnc vclv`rs` sn`dpr` dçs s`fsnol`s `f r`lginùf g lcs rn`smcs pct`fingl`s prcvcigkcs pcr `l usc k` lgs dçqunfgs, pr`stgfkc icfstgft`d`ft` gt`finùf g lcs `b`itcs qu` s` pckrägf prckuinr icf igkg giinùf `b`itugkg scor` lg dçqunfg.
G[@FINÙF ¡_`icfcin`fkc icf gft`rncrnkgk lgs sntugincf`s pct`fingld`ft` p`lnmrcsgs s` pu`k` `vntgr uf giink`ft`! gs nfstruiincf`s intgkgs `f `st` dgfugl scf gqu`llgs pr`vnstgs pcr YCNLD@I: fc s` `xiluy` qu` egyg dckcs dçs icfv`fn`ft`s ` nmugl k` s`murcs pgrg pcf`r `f bufincfgdn`ftc lg dçqunfg, trgoghgr y r`pgrgrlg, t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg lcs `spgincs y lcs d`kncs guxnlngr`s knspcfnol`s. @f iuglqun`r igsc, sn s` `ft`fkn`rg prci`k`r `f dgf`rg knb`r`ft` r`sp`itc g lc intgkc `f `l dgfugl, `s f`i`sgrnc colnmgtcrngd`ft`8 • gs`murgrs` qu` lcs d`kncs qu` s` vgf g s`munr fc s`gf `xpläintgd`ft` prcenonkcs: • gs`murgrs` qu` kniecs dîtckcs s`gf s`murcs, c s`g qu` r`spcfkgf g lgs fcrdgs y g lgs pr`sirnpincf`s intgkgs `f `stg s`iinùf k`l dgfugl: • gs`murgrs` qu` kniecs dîtckcs fc prcvcqu`f kg÷cs knr`itcs c nfknr`itcs g lg dçqunfg vclvnîfkclg nfs`murg: • icftgitgr `l s`rvninc pcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg `v`ftugl`s sum`r`fings y lg nfknsp`fsgol`s gprcoginùf `sirntg.
¡@f lg kukg `s sn`dpr` sn `dpr` d`hcr pr`muftgr! Icftgit` YCNLD@I scor` `stc8 `l Y`rvninc k` gsnst`fing snrv` tgdonîf pgrg `llc. Knr`iincf`s, fød`rcs t`l`bùfnics y t`l`bgx `stçf intgkcs `f lg iuon`rtg k` `st` dgfugl. _`iu`rk`fpu`k` qu` sns`r lg p`lnmrcsg dçqunfg s` utnlnzg dgl c`f`fufdgf`rg ndprcpng, y icfv`rtnrs` rn`smc pgrg `l cp`rgkcr y pgrg lgs p`rscfgs pr`s`ft`s.
G[@FINÙF Fc scor`igrmgr lg dçqunfg c utnlnzgrlg icf `qunpcs pcic s`murcs, fc r`glnzgkcs `sp`ingld`ft` pgrg `l `dpl`c `sp`iäbic c `f dgl `stgkc k`
icfs`rvginùf. G[@FINÙF Fc s` k`o` dcknbigr c glt`rgr `f fnfmufg dgf`rg, fn p`rdntnr g fgkn` lg dcknbiginùf c glt`rginùf k` lg
dçqunfg y sus icdpcf`ft`s c iuglqun`r bufinùf b ufinùf snf gft`s ego`r icfsultgkc gl icfstruitcr YCNLD@I.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=1/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 2 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
_@WPNYN[CY K@L Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC @YQG×CL
_@WPNYN[CY K@L Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC CQ@_GKC_
DGF[@F@KC_ @ NFY[GLGKC_
@l cp`rgkcr qu` usg lg dçqunfg k`o` colnmgtcrngd`ft`8 • s`r bäsnic y d`ftgld`ft` gptc pgrg usgr lg dçqunfg: • s`r bcrdgkc gk`iugkgd`ft` y pcs``r icdp`t`fings r`icfcinkgs `f `l s`itcr k` lg p`rbcrginùf: • icfci`r lgs s`÷gl`s qu` s` usgf `f lg corg (vîgs` igpätulc “Y`÷gl`s m`stugl`s icfv`fincfgl`s— ): ): • l``r icf gt`finùf `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl gft`s k` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg. Lg nmfcrgfing k` lgs fcrdgs k` `dpl`c, pu`k` prcvcigr giink`ft`s mrgv`s: • icfci`r p`rb`itgd`ft` lcs r`fkndn`ftcs y lcs lädnt`s k` usc k` lg dçqunfg: • icfci`r tckcs lcs knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk nfstglgkcs `f lg dçqunfg.
@l p`rscfgl `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc y lg nfstglginùf k` lg dçqunfg k`o` colnmgtcrngd`ft`8 • s`r bcrdgkc gk`iugkgd`ft` y pcs``r icdp`t`fings r`icfcinkgs `f `l s`itcr `sp`iäic (`lîitrnic,
enkrçulnic, `ti..): • l``r icf gt`finùf `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl gft`s k` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg. Lg nmfcrgfing k` lgs fcrdgs k` `dpl`c, pu`k` prcvcigr giink`ft`s mrgv`s: • nfbcrdgrs` scor` lcs rn`smcs qu` pu`k`f k`rnvgr k`l dgft`fndn`ftc c lg nfstglginùf k` lg dçqunfg.
NDQC_[GF[@ Yn pgrg iuglqun`r gitnvnkgk k` dgft`fndn`ftc c nfstglginùf scf f`i`sgrngs dçs p`rscfgs, s` k`o` k`bfnr `f dgf`rg ilgrg y snf pcsnonlnkgk k`
G[@FINÙF [@FINÙF Fc G trgoghgr icf lg dçqunfg sn s` `stç igfsgkc c nfknspu`stc. @stgr gt`ftc, `f pgrtniulgr, gl bfgl k`l
turfc. G[@FINÙF Lg l`y k` fud`rcscs pgäs`s ndpcf` qu` lcs cp`rgkcr`s r`inogf nfstruiincf`s `xegustnvgs scor` `l usc y `l bufincfgdn`ftc bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg y scor` lgs d`knkgs k` s`murnkgk pgrg gkcptgr gft`s k` `dp`zgr iuglqun`r trgoghc.
`qunvciginùf tgr`gs k` igkg `figrmgkc gft`s k` prci`k`r icf lgs iuglqu iuglqun`r n`r nft`rv`finùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=7/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG = F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
_@WPNYN[CY K@L Q@_YCFGL @FIG_MGKC @YQG×CL
R@Y[PG_NC K@ [_GOGHC G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF Qgrg trgoghgr `f `l r`sp`tc k` lgs fcrdgs k` s`murnkgk, `s colnmgtcrnc utnlnzgr uf v`stugrnc k` trgoghc icfbcrd` g lgs fcrdgs y icdprcogr p`rnùknigd`ft` qu` `stî `f ou`f `stgkc. Iugfkc s` trgoghg, s` k`o` utnlnzgr sn`dpr` `l snmun`ft` `qunpc pgrg lg pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s8 • dcfc k` trgoghc u ctrgs pr`fkgs iùdckgs, fc k`dgsngkc gfiegs y snf qu` egyg lg pcsnonlnkgk qu` pu`kgf `fmgfiegrs` `f ùrmgfcs `f dcvndn`ftc: • igsic k` prct`iinùf: • iglzgkc k` s`murnkgk: • mugft`s k` prct`iinùf pgrg lgs dgfcs. @l `qunpc `sp`iäic pgrg `l dgft`fndn`ftc `stç
icdpu`stc pcr8 • mgbgs (icf prct`iinùf`s lgt`rgl`s) c dçsigrgs pgrg lg k`(clcs chcs: • prct`iinùf r`spnrgkcr`s dgsigrnllg gftn-pclvc): • tgpcf`s pgrg lcs cäkcs c gurniulgr`s k` prct`iinùf giøstnig. @f icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s pgrtniulgr`s `s f`i`sgrnc knspcf`r k`l snmun`ft` `qunpc8 • p`itcrgl r``itgft`: • ndp`rd`gol` pgrg `l dgl tn`dpc: • Octgs gltgs pgrg `l dgl tn`dpc.
G[@FINÙF Fc ll`v` gfnllcs, r`lch`s, hcygs, rcpg k`sgoctcfgkg c su`ltg icdc, pcr `h`dplc, icrogtgs, rcpg k`senlgiegkg, oubgfkgs, gon`rtgs c olusgs icf ir`dgll`rgs gon`rtgsiegqu`tgs qu` pu`kgf `fmgfiegrs` `f lgs pgrt`s `f dcvndn`ftc. Y` gicfs`hg, `f igdonc, usgr rcpg gprcogkg icf lg bfglnkgk k` pr`v`finùf
k` giink`ft`s, pcr `h`dplc8 igsic, zgpgtcs gftn- r`soglgdn`ftc, mugft`s, gurniulgr`s gftn-runkc, mgbgs k` s`murnkgk, iegl`ics ucr`si`ft`s y r`spnrgkcr`s,
iugfkc `l trgoghc lc f`i`snt`. Icfsult` gl `dpr`sgrnc pcr lgs pr`sirnpincf`s k` s`murnkgk vnm`ft`s y lcs `qunpcs k` prct`iinùf nfknvnkugl pgrg lg pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=?/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 5 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC @YQG×CL
Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC • Kurgft` `l trgoghc dgft`fmg `f crk`f `l çr`g k` trgoghc8 fc k`h` qu` coh`tcs `spgrinkcs k` iuglqun`r tnpc ndpnkgf c vu`lvgf nfs`murcs lcs k`splgzgdn`ftcs k`l p`rscfgl y k` lg dçqunfg.
• Dgft`fmg lg zcfg k` dgft`fndn`ftc lndpng y s`ig. • @l çr`g k` trgoghc k`o` s`r k`lndntgkg icf ogrr`rgs, tgdonîf dùvnl`s, rämnkgs c `xnol`s (inftgs) y
gk`iugkgd`ft` s`÷glgkg y s` k`o` ndp`knr `l gii`sc gl p`rscfgl fc gutcrnzgkc. • Lg fcrdgtnvg vnm`ft` ndpcf` `l r`sp`tc k` fcrdgs k` s`÷glnzginùf `sp`iäigs iugfkc s` trgoghg `f
lgs i`rigfägs k` g`rcpu`rtcs (glmufcs jnlùd`trcs). Iugfkc s` trgoghg `f lgs çr`gs pr`vnstgs pcr lg fcrdg, `s f`i`sgrnc pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf lgs gutcrnkgk`s `figrmgkgs y k`spuîs, sn `s f`i`sgrnc, knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i pgrg `b`itugr lgs f`i`sgrngs dcknigincf`s.
• Lcs igdnfcs p`gtcfgl`s `f `l nft`rncr k` lg corg k`o`f dgft`f`rs` lnor`s k` e`rrgdn`ftgs, dgt`rngl`s u ctrcs coh`tcs qu` pu`kgf costgiulnzgr lcs cp`rgkcr`s. Lcs costçiulcs hcs k`o`f s`r gk`iugkgd`ft` s`÷glgkcs
y/c prct`mnkcs (igo`zgs k` pnlct`s t`rdnfgkcs, en`rrcs k` grdgkurg qu` sgl`f k`l t`rr`fc, `ti.). • Lg sup`rin` glr`k`kcr k` lg `xigvginùf k`o` s`r t`fnkg lnor` k` ogrrc, `sicdorcs, e`rrgdn`ftgs k` trgoghc qu` pu`k`f `stcrogr y prcvcigr igäkgs, r`iurrn`fkc, sn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, gl k`s`igkc y trgtgdn`ftc p`rnùknic icf sustgfings nf`rt`s.
Q_@Y@FING K@ [PO@_ÄGY, IGOL@Y C _@K@Y K@L MGY @F[@__GKCY ^ LÄF@GY @LÎI[_NIGY GÎ_@GY Yn `f `l çr`g k` trgoghc s` `fiu`ftrgf tuo`rägs, tuo`räg s, r`k`s k` mgs `ft`rrgkgs c läf`gs `lîitrnigs gîr`gs, `s f`i`sgrnc r`sp`tgr lgs nfstruiincf`s snmun`ft`s. • Icdpru`o` `l r`icrrnkc `xgitcs k` iuglqun`r r`k gîr`g c `ft`rrgkg y lg pr`s`fing k` `v`ftugl`s costçiulcs. @stcs r`icrrnkcs k`o`f s`r cpcrtufgd`ft` k`lndntgkcs pcr lgs gutcrnkgk`s icdp`t`ft`s. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, sclnint` lg nft`rrupinùf k`l s`rvninc y `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k` lgs r`k`s gft`s k` r`glnzgr iuglqun`r trgoghc. • Gft`s k` `dp`zgr iuglqun`r trgoghc, icftgi` pcr t`lîbcfc lg/s scin`kgk/`s knstrnounkcrg/s c sus k`l`mgincf`s dçs i`rigfgs. K`t`rdnf`, icfhuftgd`ft` icf `l r`pr`s`ftgft` k` lg scin`kgk, iugl`s pr`iguincf`s gkcptgr pgrg mgrgftnzgr lg s`murnkgk. • Yclnint` lg pr`s`fing k` uf `figrmgkc k` lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s, qu` pu`kg cos`rvgr k`sk` uf puftc k` vnstg dçs bgvcrgol` r`sp`itc gl k`l cp`rgkcr, `l gi`rigdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg g lg zcfg nft`r`sgkg. @l `figrmgkc k` lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s k`o` `stgr `f icdufniginùf knr`itg icf `l cp`rgkcr, `l iugl k`o` pr`stgr lg dçxndg gt`finùf g sus s`÷gl`s. • Qr`st` gt`finùf iugfkc s` `stç `f i`rigfäg k` läf`gs `lîitrnigs gîr`gs. Dgft`fmg sn`dpr` ufg knstgfing däfndg k` s`murnkgk k` 2 d. Q`lnmrc k` bulmurginùf k` gltg t`fsnùf `lîitrnig. • Qgrg lg `h`iuinùf k` uf trgoghc snf rn`smcs s` k`o` dgft`f`r sn`dpr` lg dçxndg knstgfing pcsnol` k` lgs läf`gs `lîitrnigs. • [ckgs lg läf`gs k`o`f s`r icfsnk`rgkgs oghc t`fsnùf, nfilusc k`spuîs k` ego`r r`inonkc lg icfrdginùf
k` qu` lg läf`g `stç bu`rg k` s`rvninc y vnsnol`d`ft` icf`itgkg gl su`lc. Gkvn`rtg g tckc `l p`rscfgl qu` s` `fiu`ftrg `f tn`rrg qu` dgft`fmg sn`dpr` ufg pcsninùf l`hgfg k` lg dçqunfg.
Q@LNM_C @LÎI[_NIC _N@YMC K@ DP@_[@ DP@_[@ C K@ L@YNCF L@YNCF@Y @Y M_GR@Y M_GR@Y @F IGYC K@ ICF[GI[C ICF LÄF@GY @LÎI[_NIGY @F [@FYNÙF. [@FYNÙF. QÙFMGY@ @F ICF[GI[C ICF[GI[C ICF LG LG YCIN@KGK YCIN@KGK Q_CQN@ Q_CQN@[G_ [G_ K@ LG LÄF@G LÄF@G K@ KNY[_NOPI KNY[_NOPINÙF NÙF GF[@Y K@ @DQ@XG_ @DQ@XG_ @L @L [_GOGHC @F XCFGY QC[@FINGLD@F[@ Q@LNM_CYGY. K@YICF@I[G_ K@YICF@I [G_ LCY IGOL@Y @F [@FYNÙF ÙF GF[@Y K@ @DQ@XG_ @DQ@XG_ IPGLWPN@_ IPGLWPN@_ [_GOGHC ICF LG DÇWPNFG. DÇWPNFG. [@FYNÙF LÄF@G gg g g g g
KNY[GFING DÄFNDG
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=9/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG > F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC @YQG×CL
BN_D@XG K@ LGY YPQ@_BNIN@Y • @xgdnf` sn`dpr` lg zcfg ousigfkc pcsnol`s icfknincf`s k` rn`smc. Glmufcs `h`dplcs8 p`fkn`ft`s, zcfgs icf ogie`s, çrocl`s, icfstruiincf`s k`dclnkgs, nfi`fkncs, `sigrpgkgs gltgs, ig÷gkgs,
Qgrg `vntgr `stcs rn`smcs, s` gicfs`hg tcdgr lgs snmun`ft`s d`knkgs8 • Icdpru`o` icf `l `dpr`sgrnc (c `l h`b` c `l tîifnic k` corg) lg `v`ftugl pr`s`fing `f `l suosu`lc k`
cfkulgincf`s, t`rr`fc trçic giink`ftgkc, indgs, ir`stgs, `xigvgincf`s, p`sgkc,bcscs, pgr`k`s icf k`rrudo`s c k`spr`fkndn`ftcs. Yn `xnst`f icfknincf`s pgr`inkgs, prci`k`r icf `xtr`dg gt`finùf. • Qr`st` gt`finùf g lg pcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgr icfknincf`s k` t`rr`fc olgfkgs `f prcxndnkgk k` durcs icfstrunkcs r`in`ft`d`ft`. @l dgt`rngl k` r`ll`fc y `l p`sc k` lg dçqunfg pu`k`f prcvcigr `l eufkndn`ftc k`l durc pcr k`oghc k` lg dçqunfg. • @s f`i`sgrnc icfci`r lcs lädnt`s k` igrmg k`l t`rr`fc, k`l dgigkgd y k` lgs rgdpgs scor` lgs iugl`s s` k`o` trgoghgr. • Lg igpginkgk k` igrmg k`l su`lc scor` `l iugl s` `fiu`ftrg lg dçqunfg k`o` s`r gk`iugkc gl p`sc qu` eg qu` scpcrtgr. Iuglqun`r eufkndn`ftc k`l
fniecs `sicfknkcs igfglnzgincf`s, pczcs, vn`hcs k`pùsntcs k` gmug, (`h. pnscs k` ock`mg, `st`ricl`rcs). • Pfg prnd`rg vglcrginùf k` lg icfsnst`fing k`l t`rr`fc pu`k` `b`itugrs` icf lg gyukg k` lg tgolg snmun`ft`.
•
t`rr`fc pu`k` prcvcigr uf vu`lic k` lg dçqunfg.
[npc k` t`rr`fc, igrgit`rästnigs m`cdcrbclùmnigs t`rr`fc fc ice`r`ft`, fc icdpgitgkc t`rr`fc grinllcsc, turocsc, pgstcsc t`rr`fc ice`r`ft`, olgfkc t`rr`fc fc ice`r`ft`, on`f icdpgitgkc, gr`fg, mrgvg s`dnsùlnkc t`rr`fc sùlnkc ice`r`ft` kurc rcig, ecrdnmùf, pgvnd`ftginùf gptg pgrg `l trçfsntc k` v`eäiulcs p`sgkcs
Qr`snùf sup`ringl
p`rdntnkg jm/id? F/dd? `f m`f`rgl, fc sùlnkc: scf f`i`sgrngs pr`iguincf`s `sp`ingl`s
?.1
1.?
7.1 ?.1 ;.1
1.7 1.? 1.;
sup. g 71.1
sup. g 7.1
Q@LNM_C ¡_N@YMC K@ RP@LIC! Icdpru`o` qu` `l su`lc kcfk` s` gpcygrç lg dçqunfg s`g ogstgft` sùlnkc pgrg fc icdprcd`t`r lg `stgonlnkgk k` lg dçqunfg. Yn `l t`rr`fc fc mgrgftnzg ufg sclnk`z subin`ft`,
iclcqu` ufgs plgigs k` gpcyc pcr k`oghc k` lg dnsdg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=;/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 71 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Ç_@G K@ [_GOGHC @YQG×CL
@f pr`s`fing k` bcscs, dgft`fmg sn`dpr` lgs crumgs g ufg knstgfing k` s`murnkgk k`l ocrk`: lg knstgfing (g) k`l pn` k`l tgluk k`o` s`r prcpcrincfgl g lg glturg (e) k`l dnsdc tgluk. Yn `l bcfkc `stç `f ou`fgs icfknincf`s8 g8 e 4 78 7 (vglcr`s `f mrns k` lg tgolg gft`rncr)
@f igsc k` kukg8
g8 e 4 ?8 7
Qr`snùf crumg
Yup`rin`
k` gpcyc
Qn` k`l tgluk
EPFKNDN@F[C K@ LG YPQ@_BNIN@ K@ GQC^C @f igsc k` eufkndn`ftc k`l t`rr`fc k`oghc k` ufg crumg k` lg dçqunfg, nft`rrudpg nfd`kngtgd`ft` iuglqun`r gitnvnkgk, `vgiu` lg zcfg glr`k`kcr y prci`kg icf lg icfsclnkginùf k`l t`rr`fc pgrg r`stgol`i`r lg ecrnzcftglnkgk k`l plgfc k` gpcyc y lg v`rtniglnkgk k`l k` trgoghc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=0/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 77 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G PF BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC Y@MP_C K@ LG DÇWPNFG GII@YC G QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ^ XCFGY K@ QGYC • Yuog g lg dçqunfg y ogh` k` `llg sclgd`ft` pcr lcs puftcs kcfk` `stçf pr`vnstcs p`lkg÷cs, dgfnllgs y/c pgsgdgfcs. • Fc nft`ft` suonr g lg dçqunfg c oghgr k` `llg trgfspcrtgfkc icsgs, e`rrgdn`ftgs u ctrc. • [`fmg lcs p`lkg÷cs, lcs pgsgdgfcs y lgs dgfnllgs k` gmgrr` sn`dpr` lndpncs y lnor`s k` iuglqun`r coh`tc `xtrg÷c c r`stcs k` gi`nt`, mrgsg, ogrrc c fn`v`, pgrg r`kuinr gl däfndc iuglqun`r rn`smc k` r`soglùf c trcp`zùf. Lndpn` lg su`lg k` lcs zgpgtcs `lndnfgfkc ogrrc c mrgsg gft`s k` suonr g lg dçqunfg.
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF G[@FINÙF Kurgft` `l trgoghc, sùlc `l cp`rgkcr k`o` p`rdgf`i`r `f lg igonfg k` icfkuiinùf. G[@FINÙF Lg igonfg k` icfkuiinùf eg snkc kns`÷gkg y r`glnzgkg pgrg uf sclc cp`rgkcr cp`rgkcr.. G[@FINÙF Icf lg dçqunfg `f bufinùf, `l cp`rgkcr fc k`o` gogfkcfgr fufig `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf. • [`fmg `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf lndpnc. • Fc gpcy` kngrncs u ctrcs coh`tcs scor` lcs dgfkcs. • Lcs coh`tcs p`rscfgl`s c lgs e`rrgdn`ftgs fc k`o`f fufig p`rturogr `l usc k` lcs dgfkcs. • [`fmg `l gii`sc g lg igonfg lnor` k` iuglqun`r costçiulc. • [`fmg lcs irnstgl`s k` lg igonfg lndpncs, fc `dpg÷gkcs y snf en`lc.
• Fc utnlni` lcs dgfkcs c lcs tuocs `xnol`s icdc gmgrrgk`rg8 `stcs icdpcf`ft`s scf dùvnl`s y fc cbr`i`f uf gpcyc `stgol`. Gk`dçs, `l k`splgzgdn`ftc nfvcluftgrnc k` uf dgfkc pu`k` prcvcigr `l dcvndn`ftc giink`ftgl k` lg dçqunfg c k`l `qunpc. • Yn s` `fiu`ftrg icf lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` utnlnzgr lcs knspcsntnvcs hcs k` lg dçqunfg, utnlni` `sigl`rgs c
• •
•
•
plgtgbcrdgs icf `siglcf`s qu` r`spcfkgf g lgs fcrdgtnvgs vnm`ft`s k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s. Fc ogh` c suog k` lg dçqunfg sgltgfkc. Yuog y ogh` k` lg dçqunfg dnrgfkc sn`dpr` eging `llg. [`fmg sn`dpr` lgs kcs dgfcs y uf pn` c gdocs pn`s y ufg dgfc gpcygkcs g lcs p`lkg÷cs c g lcs pgsgdgfcs. Qr`st` gt`finùf g lgs `v`ftugl`s icfknincf`s k` r`soglgdn`ftc k` lcs p`lkg÷cs, k` lgs dgfnllgs y gmgrr`s, gsä icdc lgs icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc glr`k`kcr k` lg dçqunfg. Qùfmgs` sn`dpr` octgs c zgpgtcs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s icf su`lgs k` dgt`rngl gftnk`slnzgft`. Qgrg lg nficludnkgk p`rscfgl, fc nft`ft` suonr c oghgr k` lg dçqunfg `f dcvndn`ftc. Ogh` k` lg dçqunfg sclc iugfkc îstg `stç icdpl`tgd`ft` pgrgkg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=2/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 7? F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
YGLNKG K@ @D@_M@FING @l irnstgl gft`rncr snrv` tgdonîf icdc sglnkg glt`rfgtnvg iugfkc, `f igsc k` `d`rm`fing, fc `s pcsnol` gornr y sglnr k` lg pu`rtg k` lg igonfg. Lg r`hnllg k` prct`iinùf icftrg lcs k`trntcs k` p`rbcrginùf fc icfstntuy` fnfmøf costçiulc yg qu` s` gor` sndultçf`gd`ft` icf `l irnstgl. • Qgrg gornr `l irnstgl gft`rncr, gft`r ncr, mnr` lg dgfnhg G y y,, gl dnsdc tn`dpc, `dpuh` pgrg glzgr `l irnstgl y lg r`hnllg.
FC_DGY QG_G LG QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG Y@MP_G K@LG DÇWPNFG • Icdpru`o`, gft`s qu` fgkg, qu` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc egygf snkc `b`itugkgs `sirupulcsgd`ft`, r`sp`tgfkc lcs nft`rvglcs `stgol`inkcs. • Icdpru`o` sn tn`f` icdoustnol` pgrg ufg gutcfcdäg suin`ft`, pgrg `vntgr `l rn`smc k` ufg pgrgkg
• •
•
•
G
ndprcvnsg k`l dctcr, kurgft` ufg dgfncorg irätnig. Lndpn` `f prcbufknkgk lcs nfstrud`ftcs, lgs `tnqu`tgs y lcs bgrcs k` nludnfginùf. Icftrcl` qu` lcs dgfkcs `stîf `f pcsninùf k` f`utrc f`ut rc y qu` lg pglgfig k` s`murnkgk `stî `f lg pcsninùf k` k`solcqu`c gft`s k` `fi`fk`r lg dçqunfg. Gft`s k` pcf`r `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg icdpru`o`, r`mul` y olcqu`` `f su pcsninùf `l gsn`ftc, k` dgf`rg dgf` rg qu` s` gs`mur` `l dçxndc icfbcrt k` icfkuiinùf y bginlnkgk k` gligfzgr lcs dgfkcs. _`mul` tckcs lcs `sp`hcs r`trcvnscr`s pgrg ufg ou`fg
vnsnùf k` lg k` zcfg pcst`rncr lg dçqunfg. • Gs`mør`s` qu` fc egygk`p`rscfgs `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc gft`s k` pcf`r `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg. • Icftrcl` qu`lcs r`smugrkcs hcs y dùvnl`s y lcs içpcs `stîf dcftgkcs y olcqu`gkcs k` dgf`rg icrr`itg. • Bnh` tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs lnor`s qu` fc bcrdgf pgrt` k` lg dçqunfg icdc, pcr `h`dplc, lcs r`inpn`ft`s pgrg glnd`ftcs, e`rrgdn`ftgs y ctrcs coh`tcs. • Gs`mør`s` k` qu` lg dçqunfg knspcfmg k`l snst`dg k` nludnfginùf `xt`rncr `f ou`f bufincfgdn`ftc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
==/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 79 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L PYC Y@MP_C K@ LG DÇWPNFG
• [`fmg `f iu`ftg lgs igrgit`rästnigs k`l çr`g k` trgoghc `f lg iugl s` k`o` trgoghgr.
Q@LNM_C Fc p`rdntg g p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs gi`rigrs` g lg dçqunfg.
D@KNKGY ICF[_G LG IGÄKG K@ DG[@_NGL
• Fc `dpn`i` `l trgoghc sn fc `xnst`f lgs icfknincf`s f`i`sgrngs k` s`murnkgk. • Qr`st` gt`finùf g lgs p`rscfgs pr`s`ft`s `f `l çr`g k` trgoghc. Yusp`fkg `l trgoghc sn lgs p`rscfgs pr`s`ft`s s` gi`rigf gl rgknc k` giinùf k` lg dçqunfg. • _`sp`t` lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s dgfugl`s, lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s k` s`murnkgk y lgs s`÷gl`s. • Gs`mør`s` k` qu` lg v`lcinkgk k`l dctcr s`g lg gk`iugkg gl trgoghc qu` `b`itøg. • Yn lcs dgfkcs u ctrgs nfstglgincf`s enkrçulnigs r`sultgs`f nrr`mulgr`s `f `l r`icrrnkc c gfùdglcs `f lg r`spu`stg, egmg icftrclgr lg dçqunfg pcr lg pr`s`fing k` gnr` `f lg nfstglginùf. Lg pr`s`fing k` gnr` `f `stgs nfstglgincf`s prcvcigrpcsnonlnkgk dcvndn`ftcs fc icrr`itcs icf lgpckräg icfsnmun`ft` k` giink`ft`s. • Iugfkc s` trgoghg `f gdon`ft`s i`rrgkcs tn`f` qu` ego`r sn`dpr` ufg ou`fg v`ftnlginùf pcrqu` lcs mgs`s k` k`sigrmg k` lg dçqunfg scf tùxnics y pu`k`f igusgr gsxng.
• _ck`` lg zcfg k` gi`rigrs` trgoghc icfg vgllgs pgrg ndp`knr qu` p`rscfgs pu`kgf `llg kurgft` `l dcftgh`, `l dgft`fndn`ftc c `l usc. • Icdpru`o` g nft`rvglcs r`mulgr`s `l gprn`t` k` ufncf`s, tcrfnllcs, pgsgkcr`s y iuglqun`r ctrc `l`d`ftc qu` pckräg gchgrs` kurgft` `l usc.
• Lcs `figrmgkcs `f `l su`lc qu` gsnst`f gl cp`rgkcr (icfkuitcr) sn`dpr` k`o`f t`f`rs` bu`rg k` lg zcfg k` igäkg k` coh`tcs: p`rc, kniecs `figrmgkcs k`o`f p`rdgf`i`r `f lg zcfg pr`vnstg y dgft`f`r uf icftgitc vnsugl y/c guknc icf `l cp`rgkcr. • Lg dgfnpulginùf k` lgs hgulgs k` grdgkurg k`o` s`r `b`itugkg icf gpgrgtcs k` `l`vginùf utnlnzgfkc lcs puftcs k` gfilgh` pr`vnstcs pcr `l bgornigft`. Lgs `slnfmgs (iu`rkgs y/c igol`s) k`o`rçf s`r gk`iugkgs g lgs igrgit`rästnigs y gl p`sc k` lg igrmg y k`o`rçf s`r nfsp`iincfgkgs p`rnùknigd`ft`. Lcs mgfiecs k`o`rçf `stgr kctgkcs k` p`stnllc k` s`murnkgk icftrg `l k`s`fmgfie` nfvcluftgrnc. • Lg icfkuiinùf k` igrmgs icf igol`s c ogrrgs k`o` s`r `b`itugkg k`sk` ufg knstgfing k` gl d`fcs ? d`trcs k` iuglqun`r igrmg susp`fknkg.
?d ?d
• Fc us` fufig lg dçqunfg icdc plgtgbcrdg k` trgoghc tr goghc c gfkgdnc. • Dgft`fmg sn`dpr` ufg vnsnùf ilgrg k` tckg lg zcfg k` dgfncorg c k` trgoghc. • @f icfknincf`s k` csiurnkgk, icdpru`o` icf gt`finùf lg zcfg gft`s k` `ftrgr icf lg dçqunfg. • Fc `ftr` `f zcfgs icf vnsnonlnkgk `sigsg. • Yn `l dctcr `dpn`zg g k`sgi`l`rgr y pgrgrs` oghc igrmg c gl däfndc, `s f`i`sgrnc gvnsgr nfd`kngtgd`ft` k` lc ciurrnkc g lcs r`spcfsgol`s k`l dgft`fndn`ftc. Fc us` lg dçqunfg egstg qu` `l nficfv`fn`ft` fc egyg snkc `lndnfgkc. • Yn lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg k` lgstr`s k`sdcftgol`s, icdpru`o` qu` îstcs `stîf nfstglgkcs gft`s k` pcf`r `f s`rvninc lg dçqunfg. • Fc gogfkcf` fufig lg dçqunfg icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=5/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 7; F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
PYC K@ LG DÇWPNFG @F ICFKNINCF@Y D@[@C_CLÙMNIGY GKR@_YGY Yn s` `fiu`ftrg icf icfknincf`s d`t`crclùmnigs gkv`rsgs y egy k`sigrmgs `lîitrnigs i`rig k` lg dçqunfg8 • Fc suog g lg dçqunfg. • Fc ogh` k` lg dçqunfg. • Yn s` `fiu`ftrg `f `l nft`rncr k` lg igonfg k` icfkuiiäcf, p`rdgf`zig geä egstg qu` lgs icfknincf`s d`t`crclùmnigs egygf d`hcrgkc. • Yn s` `fiu`ftrg bu`rg k` lg dçqunfg, glîh`s` k` `llg.
FC_DGY QG_G LG QG_GKG Y@MP_G K@ LG DÇWPNFG • Igkg v`z qu` s` nft`rrudp` `l trgoghc, pcr iuglqun`r rgzùf, icftrcl` qu` tckcs lcs dgfkcs `stîf `f pcsninùf k` f`utrc. • Gft`s k` gogfkcfgr `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf, iclcqu` lcs dgfkcs k`l dctcr `f lg pcsninùf k` pgrgkg. • Gft`s k` gogfkcfgr `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf, iclcqu` lg pglgfig k` s`murnkgk `f lg pcsninùf k` olcqu`c.
PYC K@ LG DÇWPNFG @F GDON@F[@Y DP^ QCLRC_N@F[CY • _`kuzig `f lg d`knkg k` lc pcsnol` lg knbusnùf k` pclvc d`kngft` `l rn`mc p`rnùknic k` lgs sup`rin`s
k` trgoghc y k` lcs igdnfcs k` trçfsntc k` d`kncs d`içfnics. • @f lcs prci`scs k` `xigvginùf g s`ic, eudnknqu` lcs `sicdorcs pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùf k` pclvc kurgft` lg r`dcinùf y `l trgfspcrt`. • Yn fc bu`rg pcsnol` `vntgr icdpl`tgd`ft` lg bcrdginùf k` pclvc, k`onkc g lg sntuginùf gdon`ftgl `f qu` s` trgoghg, `s f`i`sgrnc gs`murgrs` qu` lcs `figrmgkcs `f `l su`lc r`inogf y utnlni`f `qunpcs k` prct`iinùf nfknvnkugl gk`iugkcs pgrg lgs vägs r`spnrgtcrngs (fcrdgld`ft` lgs dgsigrnllgs gftn-pclvc k`s`iegol`s scf suin`ft`s) y `vglugr lg `v`ftugl f`i`snkgk k` uf icftrcl sgfntgrnc `sp`iäic k` lcs trgoghgkcr`s
`xpu`stcs. • Gl trgoghgr `f gdon`ft`s pclvcrn`ftcs, in`rr` sn`dpr` lg pu`rtg y `l irnstgl gft`rncr. Qgrg ufg gk`iugkg v`ftnlginùf, gitnv` lg nfstglginùf k` ilndgtnzginùf.
• Gft`s k` k ` gogfkcfgr g ogfkcfgr `l pu`stc pu `stc k` icfkuiinùf, ogh` lg e`rrgdn`ftg l`ftgd`ft` egstg `l su`lc `f pcsninùf k` gpcyc s`murc. • Olcqu`` y in`rr` lg dçqunfg igkg v`z qu` s` k`hg snf iustckng. K`vu`lvg lgs llgv`s gl lumgr pr`vnstc. Icdpru`og qu` s` egf `b`itugkc tckgs lgs cp`rgincf`s pr`vnstgs pgrg lg pgrgkg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
=>/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 70 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L [_GYLGKC • Fc trgfspcrt` p`rscfgs g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg. • [`fn`fkc qu` k`splgzgrs` pcr igrr`t`rgs c çr`gs, nfbùrd`s` gft`s k` lgs icfknincf`s qu` s` pckrçf prckuinr kurgft` `l trgy`itc pr`vnstc8 lndntginùf k` lgs
• Fc trgfs`r` fufig ufg dçqunfg `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc, trgo ghc, `f ufg zcfg ll`fg k` m`ft`, c i`rig k` p`rscfgs, snf t`f`r pcr lc d`fcs ufg p`rscfg `figrmgkg k` lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s k` dgf`rg qu` s` pu`kg mungr gl
knd`fsncf`s dçxndgs, k`fsnkgk k` trçic, tnpc k`
cp`rgkcr. Y`÷gl` lgkcs nft`finùf k` pgrtnr scfgfkc `l gvnsgkcr giøstnic8 v`i`s pgrg lg dgrieg eging gk`lgft` y tr`s pgrg lg dgrieg eging gtrçs. • Icfczig lgs knd`fsncf`s k` lg dçqunfg `f tckgs
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igrr`t`rg, `ti. [`fn`fkc qu` sup`rgr ogie`s prcbufkcs c bcscs, knspcfmg lg dçqunfg `f pcsninùf gfmulgr, r`kuzig lg v`lcinkgk y icdpru`o` qu` lgs icfknincf`s k`l t`rr`fc p`rdntgf lg dgfncorg k` dgf`rg s`murg. @xgdnf` sn`dpr` lg zcfg k` pgsc ousigfkc pcsnol`s icfknincf`s k` rn`smc. Igkg v`z qu` s`g pcsnol`, `vnt` gtrgv`sgr c sup`rgr costçiulcs icdc bu`rt`s nrr`mulgrnkgk`s k`l t`rr`fc, rcigs, trcfics igäkcs, `siglcf`s, bcscs, ogie`s y vägs. @f `l igsc `f qu` fc s` pu`kg `vntgr8 - prci`kg colniugd`ft` y icf duieg pr`iguinùf y r`kuzig lg v`lcinkgk k` gvgfi`: - iclùqu`s` l`ftgd`ft` scor` `l puftc k` `qunlnornc, `qunlnor` lg dçqunfg scor` `l costçiulc y k`si`fkg. •Qr`st` gt`finùf g lg sgiuknkg k` lg dçqunfg `f `l dcd`ftc `f qu` su ogrni`ftrc sup`rg `l costçiulc. Qr`st` gt`finùf g lgs pcsnol`s vgrngincf`s k` gke`r`fing qu` pu`k`f prcvcigr lg p`rknkg k` icftrcl k` lg dçqunfg. @s f`i`sgrnc icfci`r lcs lädnt`s k` igrmg k` lcs pu`ft`s y lgs knd`fsncf`s k` lcs tøf`l`s. [gl`s lädnt`s fc s` k`o`f sup`rgr. Gk`dçs, s` k`o` icfci`r lg glturg, lg gfieurg, lg lcfmntuk y lg dgsg k` lg dçqunfg. Gprcv`ie` lg iclgocrginùf k` ufg p`rscfg `figrmgkg k` lgs s`÷glnzgincf`s `f `l su`lc iugfkc lcs `spgincs scf lndntgkcs.
• igo`i`cs Pf t`rr`fctgl`s giink`ftgkc igusgr cfk`cicfy qu` ll`v`f pu`k` `l dçstnl g icftgitc läf`gs `lîitrnigs u ctrcs costçiulcs. • [rgslgk` icf lcs prcy`itcr`s `fi`fknkcs y `dpl`` s`÷gl`s y ogfk`rgs gprcpngkgs. • @f lcs mnrcs icfsnk`r` lgs knd`fsncf`s k`l dçstnl y k`l igrrc. • [rgslgk` icf `xtr`dg gt`finùf scor` t`rr`fc icfm`lgkc c en`lc, scor` t`rr`fc icf `siglcf`s c i`rig k` k`rrudo`s. • Fc trgslgk` lg dçqunfg snf icfci`r gft`s p`rb`itgd`ft` lg knr`iinùf `f lg qu` s` k`o`f giincfgr lcs dgfkc k` trgslginùf. Lg pcsninùf k` lcs dctcrr`kuitcr`s k` trgslginùf k`lgft` k` lg igonfg, nfvn`rt` gutcdçtnigd`ft` lg knr`iinùf k`l dgfkc.
lgs icfmurgincf`s y pr`pgrgincf`s, pgrg pck`r
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dgft`f`r lg knstgfing icrr`itg k` iuglqun`r costçiulc qu` s` pr`s`ft`. Qr`v`g `l `spginc pgrg lg rctginùf k` lg pgrt` pcst`rncr k` lg tcrr`tg inriufkgfkc sn `s f`i`sgrnc lg zcfg icf vgllgs pgrg ndp`knr qu` fgkn` s` gi`rqu`. @stukn` `l d`hcr r`icrrnkc k` gi`rigdn`ftc gl çr`g k` trgoghc. @f lgs oghgkgs rçpnkgs, fc p`rdntg qu` `l dctcr trgogh` scor` rîmnd`f8 `lnhg lg v`lcinkgk dçs gkgptg gft`s k` gbrcftgr lg p`fkn`ft`. Qcsnol`d`ft`, `vnt` lg dgrieg `f s`ftnkc trgfsv`rsgl g lg p`fkn`ft`. Qrci`kg k`sk` grrnog eging goghc y vni`v`rsg. Yn `f suonkg lg dçqunfg r`soglgs` lgt`rgld`ft`, mnr` nfd`kngtgd`ft` knrnmn`fkc `l brcftgl eging goghc. @l mrgkc k` p`fkn`ft` qu` s` pu`k` nft`ftgr sup`rgr k`p`fk` k` vgrncs bgitcr`s, icdc `l tnpc k` t`rr`fc, lg dgsg k` lg dçqunfg, lg v`lcinkgk y lg vnsnonlnkgk. Iugfkc s` trgslgkg `f p`fkn`ft`, fc `xnst` fnfmufg r`mlg qu` pu`kg sustntunr lg `xp`rn`fing k`l cp`rgkcr.
• Kurgft` lcs trgslgkcs scor` p`fkn`ft`s, yg s`g eging `l dcft` icdc eging `l vgll`, dgft`f`r lg tcrr`tg glnf`gkg icf lgs crumgs. • @vnt` igdongr lg knr`iinùf kurgft` lg trgslginùf `f ufg p`fkn`ft`, pcrqu` uf r`soglgdn`ftc lgt`rgl.pckräg prckuinr uf vu`lic c
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
51/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 72 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L _@DCLIGKC Q@LNM_C Pf prci`kndn`ftc k` r`dcligkc nfc icrr`itc pu`k` igusgr giink`ft`s mrgv`s. Qgrg uf r`dcligkc icrr`itc k` lg dçqunfg, r`sp`t` lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 • Fc gkdntg gl cp`rgkcr g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg r`dcligkg. • [`fmg lgs p`rscfgs pr`s`ft`s l`hcs k`l puftc k` gfilgh`, k`l igol` c k` lg ogrrg k` r`dclqu`. • Fcrdgld`ft` lg dçqunfg qu` r`dclig k`o`räg t`f`r igrgit`rästnigs pgr`inkgs g lgs k` lg dçqunfg r`dcligkg. Icdpru`o` qu` t`fmg igpginkgk k` br`fgkg, p`sc y pct`fing suin`ft`s pgrg icftrclgr
gdogs dçqunfgs `f r`lginùf g p`fkn`ft`s y knstgfings qu` s` k`o`f sup`rgr. • Qgrg p`rdntnr `l icftrcl y lg br`fgkg, k`splgzgfkc lg dçqunfg bu`rg k` s`rvninc `f oghgkg, pckrägf s`r f`i`sgrngs ufg dçqunfg qu` r`dclig dçs mrgfk` c vgrngs dçqunfgs `fmgfiegkgs g lg pgrt` pcst`rncr, pgrg ndp`knr sntugincf`s nficftrclgol`s. • Olcqu`` lg dçqunfg pgrg ndp`knr su dcvndn`ftc, gft`s k` k`sicf`itgr lcs r`kuitcr`s fgl`s. Iugfkc lcs r`kuitcr`s fgl`s `stçf k`sicf`itgkcs tgdonîf
lcs br`fcs `stçf k`sicf`itgkcs y lg dçqunfg s` pu`k` dcv`r lnor`d`ft`. • @f gdogs dçqunfgs k`o` `stgr pr`vnstg pgftgllgs pgrg prct`m`r gl cp`rgkcr `f igsc k` rcturg k`l igol` c k` lg ogrrg k` r`dclqu`. • Ps` uf igol` c ufg ogrrg k` r`dclqu` icf ufg r`snst`fing k` pcr lc d`fcs 7,0 v`i`s `l p`sc orutc k` lg dgqunfg qu` r`dclig. • Gft`s k`l r`dclqu`, icdpru`o` qu` `l igol` c lg ogrrg k` r`dclqu` `stî `f ou`fgs ou`f gs icfknincf`s y qu` t`fmg bu`rzg suin`ft` pgrg r`snstnr gl `sbu`rzc qu`
eg k` scpcrtgr. • Iugfkc s` r`dclig, gicplgr lg ogrrg k` r`dclqu` sclc gl gmuh`rc k` r`dclqu` gft`rncr sn s` vg eging gk`lgft` y gl pcst`rncr sn s` vg dgrieg gtrçs. • Gs`mør`s` qu` lcs igol`s c lg ogrrg k` r`dclqu` `stîf suh`tgkcs icrr`itgd`ft` y qu` `l puftc k` gfilgh` s`g suin`ft`d`ft` rcoustc pgrg scst`f`r lg
igrmg pr`vnstg. • Fc us` igk`fgs pgrg `l r`dclqu` (uf `slgoùf k` lg igk`fg s` pu`k` rcdp`r y igusgr giink`ft`s mrgv`s). Ps`, `f igdonc, uf igol` k` gi`rc icf grmcllgs c ufg ogrrg rämnkg. • Iclcqu` uf cos`rvgkcr `f ufg pcsninùf s`murg pgrg pgrgr `l prci`kndn`ftc k` r`dclqu` sn `l igol` `dpn`zg g rcdp`rs` c k`senlgiegrs`.
• Qgr` `l prci`kndn`ftc k` r`dclqu` sn lg dçqunfg qu` qu ` r`dclig s` du`v` dn`ftrgs qu` lg r`dcligkg `stç pgrgkg. • [`fmg gl däfndc `l çfmulc çfm ulc k`l igol` k` r`dclqu`. r`dc lqu`. Fc sup`r` uf çfmulc k` k`svnginùf k` 91¸ k` lg pcsninùf r`itnläf`g. • Dgfncorgr mrgkugld`ft` y icf sugvnkgk. Pf dcvndn`ftc orusic k` lg dçqunfg pckräg scor`igrmgr `l igol` c lg ogrrg k` r`dcligkc.
FC_DGY QG_G @L K@YQLGXGDN@F[C K@ PFG DÇWPNFG GR@_NGKG • Fc `fi`fkg c pcfmg `f dgrieg ufg dçqunfg gv`rngkg. K` ufg vu`ltg k` nfsp`iinùf glr`k`kcr k` lg dçqunfg gft`s k` suonr g `llg. Gft`s k` usgr lg dçqunfg, `s f`i`sgrnc icdprcogr qu` iuglqun`r pcsnol` icfkninùf p`lnmrcsg pgrg lg s`murnkgk egyg snkc cpcrtufgd`ft` `lndnfgkg. • Qgrg k`splgzgr ufg dçqunfg qu` fc bufincfg utnlnzgr uf igdnùf c uf r`dclqu` k` plgtgbcrdg oghg sn s` knspcf` k` îl.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
57/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 7= F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
PYC @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L PYC Y@MP_C K@L IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ • Gøf iugfkc lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg k` k ` igor`stgft` guxnlngr, FC QP@K@ FPFIG Y@_ ICFYNK@_GKG PFG M_PG. • @l igor`stgft` guxnlngr k`o` s`r utnlnzgkc øfnigd`ft` pgrg cp`rgincf`s nfvcluirgkgs `f `l prci`sc k` p`rbcrginùf icdc lg `l`vginùf k` icdpcf`ft`s k` lg dçqunfg, `qunpcs c gii`scrncs k` p`rbcrginùf. • @l usc k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr pgrg lg `l`vginùf k` dgt`rngl`s pgrg iuglqun`r ctrc prcpùsntc c k` p`rscfgs `stç `xpr`sgd`ft` prcenonkc.
FC_DGY QG_G @L L@RGF[ L@RGF[GDN@F[C GDN@F[C Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf gpgrgtc k` `l`vginùf (mrøg k` s`rvninc), `l `figrmgkc gutcrnzgkc g dgf`hgr lcs `l`d`ftcs k`sdcftgol`s k` lg dçqunfg k`o` gt`f`rs` rnmurcsgd`ft` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8
Q@LNM_C Fc p`rdntg g fgkn` igdnfgr c trgoghgr pcr k`oghc k` lcs gii`scrncs l`vgftgkcs sn fc `stçf gk`iugkgd`ft` olcqu`gkcs, pcrqu` pu`k`f ig`r y prcvcigr l`sncf`s. • Qgrg lgs cp`rgincf`s k` l`vgftgdn`ftc, utnlni` `slnfmgs, igol`s c igk`fgs k` lcfmntuk y igrgit`rästnigs icfcinkgs y gk`iugkgs g lg igrmg y g lcs `sbu`rzcs qu` egf k` scpcrtgr: lcs mgfiecs k`o`f `stgr prcvnstcs k` p`stnllc k` s`murnkgk icftrg `l k`s`fmgfie` nfvcluftgrnc. • Fc `xi`kg lg igpginkgk fcdnfgl k` igrmg k` lg mrøg. • Icftrcl` sn`dpr` gft`s k` nfningr lgs cp`rgincf`s
k` l`vgftgdn`ftc, `l `stgkc k` `in`fing k` lcs
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gii`scrncs (igol`s, igk`fgs, mgfiecs y `slnfmgs). Icfczig sn`dpr` pcr lc d`fcs gprcxndgkgd`ft` `l p`sc k` lg igrmg qu` s` l`vgftg. Dgft`fmg sn`dpr` lg igrmg k`ftrc k`l rgyc k` giinùf pr`vnstc. Fc grrgstr` fufig lg igrmg pcr `l su`lc. I`rinùr`s` sn`dpr` qu` lg igrmg `stî gs`murgkg p`rb`itgd`ft`. Dgft`fmg lg igrmg, iugfkc `s pcsnol`, g rgs k`l su`lc y icdpru`o` qu` fc egyg costçiulcs `f `l r`icrrnkc. Muä` g knstgfing lg igrmg l`vgftgkg d`kngft` iu`rkgs
`vntgfkc oglgfi`cs. • Ptnlni` içfigdcs k` `l`vginùf sn `stçf pr`vnstcs. • K`sicf` k` igk`fgs c igol`s `f dgl `stgkc, r`tcrinkgs c kcolgkgs. Fc utnläi`lgs pgrg `l l`vgftgdn`ftc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
5?/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 75 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
FC_DGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK QG_G LG NFY[GLGINÙF ^ @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C [_GFYQC_[@ [_GFYQC_[ @ ^ L@RGF[GDN@F[C L@RGF[GDN@F[C
DCF[GH@ K@ LG DÇWPNFG
[rgfspcrt` scor` rgdpgs
• [`fn`fkc qu` `fsgdolgr `f `l lumgr ufg dçqunfg, c pgrt`s k` `llg, `s f`i`sgrnc knspcf`r c pr`pgrgr
• Gft`s k` k`splgzgr lg dçqunfg olcqu`` lg rctginùf k` lg tcrr`tg pgrg pr`v`fnr uf dcvndn`ftc giink`ftgl. • Qrci`kg sn`dpr` icf duieg gt`finùf iugfkc s` trgslgkg lg dçqunfg scor` `l vîeniulc k` trgfspcrt`. • Ps` rgdpgs k` r`snst`fing gk`iugkg, k` p`fkn`ft` oghg y k` glturg gk`iugkg. • [`fmg `l plgfc k`l v`eäiulc k` trgfspcrt` lndpnc, `lndnfgfkc tn`rrg, gi`nt` y ctrcs dgt`rngl`s qu` pckrägf s`r r`soglgknzcs. • Gt` k` dgf`rg s`murg lg dçqunfg gl v`eäiulc y olcqu`` `l tr`f k` rckgh` y lg tcrr`tg. Pf gfilgh` k` lg dçqunfg `b`itugkc fc prcvcigr `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k`icrr`itgd`ft` lg igrmg icfpu`k` icfsnmun`ft`s kg÷cs g p`rscfgs c icsgs.
L`vgftgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg • Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` lcs puftcs k` gfilgh` k`ilgrgkcs pcr `l icfstruitcr. • Gft`s k` nzgr lg dçqunfg olcqu`` lg rctginùf k` lg tcrr`tg pgrg pr`v`fnr uf dcvndn`ftc giink`ftgl. • Ps` igol`s c igk`fgs k` knd`fsncf`s gk`iugkgs gl l`vgftgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg. • Iclcqu` `l d`knc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc `f dgf`rg k` pck`r l`vgftgr lg dçqunfg ecrnzcftgld`ft`. Pf l`vgftgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg `b`itugkc fc icrr`itgd`ft` pu`k` prcvcigr `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k` lg igrmg icf icfsnmun`ft`s kg÷cs g p`rscfgs c icsgs. • Lcs igol`s c lgs igk`fgs k` l`vgftgdn`ftc k`o`f t`f`r ufg lcfmntuk tgl qu` ndpnkgf `l icftgitc icf lg dçqunfg. • Igrmu` y k`sigrmu` lg dçqunfg `f ufg zcfg llgfg.
uf çr`g k` knd`fsncf`s suin`ft`s, `qunpgkg gk`iugkgd`ft`. Lg sup`rin` k`l çr`g k` trgoghc
k`o` s`r llgfg y icdpgitg. • K`sdcftgfkc c dcftgfkc p`rfcs k` icf`xnùf, pr`st` gt`finùf g pgrtäiulgs d`tçlnigs vclgft`s, qu` pckrägf igusgr l`sncf`s. • @l çr`g k` dcftgh` k`o` `stgr on`f k`lndntgkg y, kurgft` `l dcftgh`, s` k`o` prcenonr `l gii`sc g tckgs dçqunfgs pr`s`ft`s `f lg corg.
FC_DGY ICF[_G IGÄKGY K@ GL[P_G Iugfkc s` k`o` gii`k`r g zcfgs gltgs k` lg dçqunfg, utnlni` ufg `sigl`rg c plgtgbcrdg icf ogrgfknllg y knspcsntnvcs gftnigäkgs. Qgrg iuglqun`r cp`rginùf qu` k`o` s`r r`glnzgkg `f lg pgrt` sup`rncr k`l dçstnl, iclùqu`lc `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl gft`s k` `dp`zgr `l trgoghc. Yn fc bu`rg pcsnol`, gkcpt` d`knkgs gk`iugkgs g lg nft`rv`finùf qu` s` vg r`glnzgr pgrg pr`v`fnr `l rn`smc k` igäkg k` glturg. Qcr `h`dplc, utnlni`8 -
ufg `sigl`rg hg icf hgulg k` prct`iinùf pgrg gii`k`r
-
g lgs pgrt`s gltgs k`l `qunpc: ufg plgtgbcrdg enkrçulnig ecdclcmgkg pgrg `l l`vgftgdn`ftc k` p`rscfgs:
-
infturcf`s k` s`murnkgk y läf`g k` gfilgh` `xnol` c
rämnkg nfstglgkg g lc lgrmc k`l dçstnl.
Lcs tîifnics `figrmgkcs k` lg nfstglginùf, `l dgft`fndn`ftc y ctrgs nft`rv`fincf`s k`o`f `stgr kctgkcs y utnlnzgr grf`s`s gftnigäkgs k` kcs puftcs k` gfilgh` qu` gs`murgf gl dnsdc tn`dpc lg dcvnlnkgk y `l `stgincfgdn`ftc s`murc `f pcsninùf k` trgoghc.
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C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 7> F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
FC_DGY M@F@_GL@Y QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` `b`itøgf nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg, `s colnmgtcrnc iclcigr uf igrt`l k` DÇWPNFG BP@_G K@ Y@_RNINC, pr`b`rnol`d`ft` i`rig k`l icfdutgkcr k` `fi`fknkc. G[@FINÙF Yn `f pgrtniulgr`s nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc bu`rg f`i`sgrnc pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr kn`s`l, `stc s`rç nfknigkc `f `l nft`rncr k`l r`lgtnvc igpätulc kcfk` s` prcbufknzg `l grmud`ftc. Q@LNM_C Fc p`rdntg g p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs r`pgrgr c `b`itugr `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg. Fc `b`itø` nft`rv`fincf`s qu` fc egygf snkc gutcrnzgkgs. • @stç prcenonkc trgfsntgr c p`rdgf`i`r k`oghc k` igrmgs `f susp`fsnùf, k`oghc k` pgrt`s k` lg dçqunfg scst`fnkgs sclgd`ft` pcr inlnfkrcs enkrçulnics c sclc pcr igol`s. • K`sicf`it` sn`dpr` `l icfdutgkcr k` `fi`fknkc, gft`s k` lndpngr, r`pgrgr c `b`itugr nft`rv`fincf`s pgrg pr`v`fnr pu`stgs `f dgrieg giink`ftgl`s y fc gutcrnzgkgs. • Qgr` `l dctcr y iclcqu` lg pglgfig k` s`murnkgk `f lg pcsninùf k` olcqu`c, gft`s k` `dp`zgr iuglqun`r r`mulginùf c r`pgrginùf. • Dgft`fmg sn`dpr` lndpngs y on`f vnsnol`s lgs plgigs y lgs iglicdgfägs k` s`murnkgk. Yustntuyg tckgs lgs plgigs y iglicdgfägs k` s`murnkgk qu` s` `fiu`ftr`f nl`mnol`s, kg÷gkgs y r`nft`mrgrlgs sn bgltgf. • Dgft`fmg lgs zcfgs pgsc, plgtgbcrdgs y lcs p`lkg÷cs lndpncs y k` lnor`s k` lgs dgt`rngl`s `xtrg÷cs icdc pcr `h`dplc e`rrgdn`ftgs u ctrcs coh`tcs qu` fc bcrdgf pgrt` k` lg dçqunfg. • Ll`v` gurniulgr`s k` prct`iinùf ecdclcmgkcs sn s` `stç `xpu`stc g fnv`l`s giøstnics sup`rncr`s g >1 kOG pcr > ecrgs. • L`g gt`ftgd`ft` `st` dgfugl gft`s k` prci`k`r icf lgs cp`rgincf`s k` `fi`fknkc, `dpl`c, dgft`fndn`ftc, gogst`indn`ftc k` icdoustnol` u ctrgs nft`rv`fincf`s `f lg dçqunfg. • L`g tckgs lgs `tnqu`tgs k` s`murnkgk gplnigkgs g lg dçqunfg y r`sp`t` lgs fcrdgs qu` icftn`f`f gft`s k` `fi`fk`r, giincfgr, gprcvnsncfgr, r`pgrgr c `b`itugr `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg. • Qgrg `vntgr l`sncf`s bäsnigs us` ufg pcl`g c s`r gyukgkc iugfkc s` l`vgftgf icdpcf`ft`s icf uf p`sc sup`rncr g ?9 jm.
• Ps` sn`dpr` e`rrgdn`ftgs qu` `stîf `f ou`fgs icfknincf`s. • Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc icf vgpcr, pùfmgs` rcpg prct`itnvg. @l vgpcr igln`ft` pu`k` igusgr l`sncf`s bäsnigs mrgv`s. • Iugfkc s` `dpl`g `l gnr` icdprndnkc pgrg lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s, ll`v` mgbgs k` s`murnkgk icf vns`rgs lgt`rgl`s. Lndnt` lg pr`snùf g ? ogr s`møf lgs fcrdgs lcigl`s y fgincfgl`s vnm`ft`s. • Olcqu`` sn`dpr` `l igpù y lgs pu`rtgs k`spuîs k` ego`rlc gon`rtcs. Fc k`h` `l igpù c lgs pu`rtgs gon`rtcs icf lg dçqunfg `f ufg p`fkn`ft` c icf vn`ftc bu`rt`. • Fc p`rdntg fufig g fgkn` igdnfgr pcr k`oghc c p`rdgf`i`r i`rig k` ufg e`rrgdn`ftg glzgkg. • Fc pcfmg lg igo`zg, `l iu`rpc, lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s, lgs dgfcs, lcs pn`s c lcs k`kcs `f ufg zcfg k` inzgllgdn`ftc qu` fc t`fmg prct`iincf`s, snf ego`r olcqu`gkc gft`s bu`rt`d`ft` lgs pgrt`s. • Fc luornqu`, r`pgr` c r`mul` lg dçqunfg icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg, sn fc `stç `xpr`sgd`ft` sclnintgkc pcr `st` dgfugl. • K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs y iclcqu` igrt`l`s `f tckcs lcs dgfkcs pgrg gkv`rtnr qu` egy trgoghcs `f iursc. • Kurgft` lcs icftrcl`s k`l `qunpc qu` f`i`sntgf qu` `l dctcr `stî `f dgrieg, k`o` ego`r sn`dpr` uf cp`rgkcr s`ftgkc `f `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf dn`ftrgs `l d`içfnic trgoghg. • Iugfkc s` k`o`f `b`itugr r`pgrgincf`s c dgft`fndn`ftc `f zcfgs g lgs qu` fc s` pu`k` gii`k`r k`sk` `l su`lc, utnlni` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg icf `siglcf`s qu` r`sp`t` lgs fcrdgs lcigl`s c fgincfgl`s pgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` trgoghc. Yn fc egy knspcfnol`s fn lg `sigl`rg fn lg plgtgbcrdg utnlni` lgs dgfnllgs y lcs p`lkg÷cs k` lg dçqunfg.
• • • • • •
@b`itø` tckgs icf lgs gt`finùf. cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc y k` r`pgrginùf Fc glnf`` fufig lcs gmuh`rcs icf lcs k`kcs c icf lgs dgfcs. @dpl`` ufg e`rrgdn`ftg gkgptg. @lndnf` lgs grnstgs vnvgs y lgs r`ogogs k` lcs pgrtniulgr`s r`pgrgkcs. Duîvgs` icf gt`finùf iugfkc `stç k`ftrc c i`rig k` k` lg dçqunfg c k` sus e`rrgdn`ftgs. [`fmg lgs dgfcs y lg rcpg l`hcs k` lgs pgrt`s `f dcvndn`ftc. Qgrg `b`itugr r`pgrgincf`s `f lg corg, ll`v` lg dçqunfg g ufg zcfg llgfg y olcquî`lg. Fc gdcftcf` trgpcs dgfiegkcs k` gi`nt` y k` mrgsg. @stcs icfstntuy`f uf p`lnmrc k` nfi`fknc. Iclùqu`lcs
r`inpn`ft` d`tçlnic i`rrgkc. scf • `f Lcsuf prckuitcs gftncxnkgft`s
vclçtnl`s
`
nfgdgol`s. Qr`pçr`lcs `f uf lumgr on`f v`ftnlgkc.
[`fmg lgs llgdgs lnor`s on`f l`hcs. Fc bud`. Gldgi`f`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
5;/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?1 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
lcs r`inpn`ft`s `f uf lumgr br`sic y on`f v`ftnlgkc kcfk` fc pu`kg gii`k`r p`rscfgl fc gutcrnzgkc. • Fc ll`v` coh`tcs su`ltcs `f lcs oclsnllcs qu` pckrägf ig`r nf`sp`rgkgd`ft` `f lcs icdpgrtndn`ftcs gon`rtcs. • Qgrg lgs cp`rgincf`s qu` f`i`sntgf k` lg pr`s`fing k`l dgft`f`kcr `f ufg pcsninùf `sigsgd`ft` vnsnol`, pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc dgft`f`kcr g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg. • Ll`v` sn`dpr` rcpg prct`itnvg pgrg `vntgr `l rn`smc k` qu`dgkurgs.
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@L DC[C_ ^ K@L IN_IPN[C IN_IPN[C ICDOPY[NOL@ ICDOPY[NOL@ • Icftrcl` p`rnùknigd`ft` tckcs lcs icdpcf`ft`s k` lg nfstglginùf k` k`sigrmg k`l dctcr, yg qu` lcs mgs`s k` k`sigrmg scf p`lnmrcscs pgrg `l cp`rgkcr. • Yn s` pn`rk` `l tgpùf crnmnfgl k`l k`pùsntc k` icdoustnol`, `s f`i`sgrnc sustntunrlc icf uf tgpùf gprcogkc y ecdclcmgkc. • Fc bud` c p`rdntg qu` egyg llgdgs lnor`s c ienspgs `f lgs i`rigfägs iugfkc s` gogst`i` `l icdoustnol` c s` dgf`hgf dgt`rngl`s gltgd`ft` nfgdgol`s.
D@KNKGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK QG_G LG YCLKGKP_G NDQC_[GF[@ @v`ftugl`s sclkgkurgs gl gric scor` dçqunfgs `qunpgkgs icf gpgrgtcs `lîitrnics y/c `l`itrùfnics k` dgfkc, icftrcl y s`÷glnzginùf scf k`sgicfs`hgkgs g prncrn. • Qùfmgs` `l `qunpc k` sclkgkcr (pgftgllg k` prct`iinùf k` lg igrg y chcs icf irnstgl icftrg rgkngincf`s, igsic, rcpg k` prct`iinùf, iglzgkc k` s`murnkgk y mugft`s k` prct`iinùf) igkg v`z qu` s` sglk` c s` icrt` icf `l gric vcltgnic. Ll`v` mgbgs k` s`murnkgk csiurgs iugfkc s` `stç i`rig k` lg `h`iuinùf k` sclkgkurgs. Fc dnr` `l gric snf ufg gprcpngkg prct`iinùf k` lcs chcs.
• Fc `h`iut` sclkgkurgs c icrt`s gl gric scor` k`pùsntcs c tuo`rägs gft`s qu` egygf snkc k`sdcftgkcs, `vgiugkcs y lndpngkcs k` tckc r`stc k` gi`nt` c icdoustnol`. • Fc `b`itø` sclkgkurgs c icrt`s gl gric `f lgs i`rigfägs k` läqunkcs nfgdgol`s.
• @l pu`stc k` trgoghc pgrg sclkgr tn`f` qu` `stgr s`÷glgkc ilgrgd`ft` y s`pgrgkc icf dgdpgrgs, tgdonîf k`sdcftgol`s, nft`mrgkgs, sn bu`rg pcsnol`, icf icrtnfgs c pgf`l`s nficdoustnol`s pgrg prct`m`r g ctrcs cp`rgrncs k` lgs `dnsncf`s k` rgkngincf`s y prcy`iincf`s prckuinkgs pcr `l gric k` sclk`c.
• Fc llgdgs lnor`s icdc bu`ft`s pgrg `dpl`` ousigr p`rknkgs c nfsp`iincfgr zcfgsk`k` luz lg dçqunfg. • @lndnf` nfd`kngtgd`ft`, gp`fgs s` dgfn`stg, iuglqun`r p`rknkg k` icdoustnol` qu` pckräg igusgr nfi`fkncs. • Fc `b`itø` `l vgingkc icf `l dctcr igln`ft` pcrqu` lg `v`ftugl sglnkg k` icdoustnol` `f `l icl`itcr k` k`sigrmg igln`ft` icdpcrtg p`lnmrc k` nfi`fknc. • Qgrg `vntgr qu`dgkurgs, pr`s` gt`finùf g lgs pgrt`s igln`ft`s k`l dctcr qu` egyg snkc gpgmgkc hustc gft`s y g läqunkcs enrvn`ft`s `f lcs tuocs y `f lcs icfkuitcs. • K`h` `fbrngr `l dctcr gft`s k` nfningr iuglqun`r nft`rv`finùf. • K`s`frcsqu` `l tgpùf k`l rgkngkcr l`ftgd`ft` pgrg pck`r k`sigrmgr lg pr`snùf gft`s k` quntgr `l tgpùf. G÷gkg `l r`brnm`rgft` icf `l dctcr pgrgkc c gl däfndc sn `stg igln`ft`. • Dgft`fmg `l icl`itcr y `l tuoc k` k`sigrmg lnor`s k` dgt`rngl`s icdoustnol`s. • Kct` lg dçqunfg k` pgftgllgs y r`smugrkcs iugfkc s` trgoghg `f pr`s`fing k` dgt`rngl`s icdoustnol`s lnor`s `f `l gnr` • Fc us` fufig `l läqunkc k` pu`stg `f dgrieg i`rig k` dgt`rngl`s `fi`fknkcs c eud`gft`s, llgdgs lnor`s c ienspgs pcr igusg k` lg pr`s`fing k` läqunkc nfgdgol`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
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C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?7 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
• _`iu`rk` qu` lcs läqunkcs `sp`ingl`s pgrg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg scf nfgdgol`s. Qgrg su `dpl`c `s
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@L [_@F K@ _CKGH@
f`i`sgrnc s`munr `sirupulcsgd`ft` lgs nfstruiincf`s sudnfnstrgkgs `f `l r`inpn`ft` k`l k `l prckuitc. Gldgi`f` lcs r`inpn`ft`s `f uf lumgr br`sic y on`f v`ftnlgkc, nfgii`snol` g p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs.
• Lg mrgsg qu` sgl` oghc pr`snùf k` lg vçlvulg k` dçxndg k`l t`fscr k` crumg, pu`k` p`f`trgr `f lg pn`l y igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s ` nfilusc lg du`rt`. Fc
• Lgs p`rknkgs c k`rrgdgdn`ftcs k` icdoustnol` scor` sup`rin`s igln`ft`s c icdpcf`ft`s `lîitrnics pu`k`f igusgr uf nfi`fknc. Lndpn` nfd`kngtgd`ft` iuglqun`r r`stc k` icdoustnol` qu` prcv`fmg k` p`rknkgs c k`rrgdgdn`ftcs. • Fc icftrcl` c gogst`zig `l k`pùsntc k` icdoustnol`, fc nfstgl` lgs ogt`rägs c utnlni` `l läqunkc k` `fi`fknkc i`rig k` dgt`rngl`s `fi`fknkcs, eud`gft`s c llgdgs lnor`s g igusg k` lg pr`s`fing k` vgpcr`s nfgdgol`s.
• Gft`s k` sudnfnstrgr `l icdoustnol` y kurgft` `l gogst`indn`ftc t`fmg lg pnstclg `f icftgitc icf lg ocig k` nftrckuiinùf k`l icdoustnol` pgrg r`kuinr lg prcogonlnkgk k` qu` sglt`f ienspgs k`onkc g `l`itrninkgk `l`itrc`stçtnig. Dgft`fmg `l icftgitc
dnr` lg vçlvulg k` dçxndg pgrg icftrclgr lg sglnkgfufig k` mrgsg. • Icftrclgr lgs crumgs pgrg icdprcogr lg t`fsnùf icrr`itg c `l gchgdn`ftc k` lgs igk`fgs.
• Fc `dpl`` inlnfkrcs ndprcvnsgkcs pgrg r`mnstrgr lg t`fsnùf k` lgs crumgs.
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ DÇY[NL ^ INF@DG[NYDCY • Olcqu`` sn`dpr` icf uf scpcrt` `xt`rncr iuglqun`r inf`dgtnsdc c pgrt` k` lg dçqunfg qu` f`i`snt` ufg nft`rv`finùf iugfkc `stçf `f pcsninùf glzgkg icdc `stç pr`vnstc pcr lgs fcrdgs lcigl`s c fgincfgl`s.
egstg iugfkc egyg i`sgkc `l uhc k`l igrourgft`.
• Fc `ie` mgsclnfg c mgsùl`c `f uf r`inpn`ft` gon`rtc. Fc utnlni` fufig mgsclnfg, knsclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrg lndpngr pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni`
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ QN@XGY @F DCRNDN@F[C
knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs qu` fc s`gf nfgdgol`s c tùxnics.
• Gpgmu` tckcs lcs dgt`rngl`s eud`gft`s c lgs llgdgs lnor`s gft`s k` nft`rv`fnr `f lg nfstglginùf k` glnd`ftginùf k`l icdoustnol`. Cor` colnmgtcrngd`ft` icf `l dctcr gpgmgkc. • Fc d`zil` mgsclnfg c glicecl gl mgsùl`c. Knieg d`zilg pu`k` prcvcigr `xplcsncf`s.
• Fc nft`ft` fufig icftrclgr c r`mulgr lgs icrr`gs k`l v`ftnlgkcr icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg. • Fc luornqu` fufig lg dçqunfg icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg. • Fc pcfmg lg igo`zg, `l iu`rpc, lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s, lgs dgfcs y lcs pn`s i`rig k` icrr`gs c pglgs mnrgtcrngs. [`fmg iunkgkc, `f pgrtniulgr, `f pr`s`fing k` v`ftnlgkcr`s.
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C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?? F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG • Icdpru`o`, tgdonîf kurgft` `l käg, sn egy ocdonllgs bufknkgs y sustntøyglgs nfd`kngtgd`ft`. • Iclcqu` sn`dpr` `l icfdutgkcr k` `fi`fknkc
•
•
•
•
`f lg pcsninùf k` olcqu`c gft`s k` `b`itugr `l dgft`fndn`ftc c k` r`pgrgr lg dçqunfg. Icftrcl` qu` fc egyg p`rknkgs k` `l`itrùlntc k` lgs ogt`rägs gft`s k` `dp`zgr `l dgft`fndn`ftc c lg r`pgrginùf. @lndnf` lgs p`rknkgs gft`s k` prci`k`r. K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs gft`s k` nft`rv`fnr `f lg nfstglginùf `lîitrnig c k` `b`itugr trgoghcs k` iuglqun`r tnpc. Gft`s k` sustntunr uf busnol` bufknkc icf ctrc k`l dnsdc gdp`rgh`, ousqu` y `lndnf` lgs igusgs qu` egf prcvcigkc `l nficfv`fn`ft`. Fc nfstgl` busnol`s icf uf gdp`rgh` sup`rncr gl nfknigkc.
Ogt`rägs • Lgs ogt`rägs `dnt`f vgpcr`s nfgdgol`s qu` pu`k`f `xplctgr y igusgr giink`ft`s. • Ndpnkg lg bcrdginùf k` ienspgs `f lg zcfg k` lgs ogt`rägs pcrqu` pu`k`f igusgr lg `xplcsnùf k` lcs vgpcr`s. • @vnt` qu` lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s k` lcs igol`s pu`ft` `ftr`f `f icftgitc lg ufg icf lg ctrg c icf lg dçqunfg. • Fc bud` iugfkc s` icftrclg `l fnv`l k`l `l`itrùlntc `f lgs ogt`rägs. • Ll`v` sn`dpr` mgbgs k` prct`iinùf iugfkc s` pcf` `f dgrieg ufg dçqunfg icf lcs igol`s guxnlngr`s. • Qrci`kndn`ftcs k` icf`xnùf fc icrr`itcs k` igol`s guxnlngr`s pu`k`f prcvcigr ufg `xplcsnùf icf pcsnonlnkgk k` l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. Icf`it` sn`dpr` `ftr` `llcs `l pcsntnvc k` lg ogt`räg mgstgkg (+) icf `l pcsntnvc (+) k` lg ctrg ogt`räg, y `l f`mgtnvc (-) icf `l f`mgtnvc (-). • @b`itu` `l pu`ft` sclgd`ft` icf ufg bu`ft` k` `f`rmäg icf lg dnsdg t`fsnùf k` lg dçqunfg pgrgkg. • Gs`mør`s` k` icf`itgr lcs igol`s k` icf`xnùf gl pclc `xgitc (+ icf + y - icf -) `f gdogs `xtr`dnkgk`s. @vnt` icrtcinriuntgr lcs ocrf`s. • Lgs ogt`rägs icftn`f`f çinkc sulbørnic. Qrct`hg lcs chcs iugfkc s` trgoghg i`rig k` ufg ogt`räg, pgrg `vntgr pcsnol`s sglpnigkurgs k` lg scluinùf çinkg. @f `l igsc `f qu` `l çinkc `ftrgs` `f ` f icftgitc icf lg pn`l, lcs chcs c lg rcpg, gilgr` nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf gmug gl d`fcs pcr 70 dnfutcs. Icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic. • Kurgft` lg igrmg, k`h` gon`rtg lg tgpgk`rg k`l icdpgrtndn`ftc k` lgs ogt`rägs pgrg d`hcrgr lg v`ftnlginùf.
• Fc icftrcl` fufig lg igrmg pcfn`fkc coh`tcs d`tçlnics `f icftgitc icf lcs pclcs. • Fc pcfmg `f igrmg lgs ogt`rägs `f gdon`ft` i`rrgkcs. Qr`v`g ufg v`ftnlginùf gk`iugkg pgrg pr`v`fnr ufg `xplcsnùf giink`ftgl k`onkg g lg giudulginùf k` mgs `xplcsnvc `dgfgkc kurgft` lg bgs` k` igrmg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
5=/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?9 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
NFY[GLGINÙF ^ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
FC_DGY QG_G @L DGF[@FNDN@F[C K@ LG NFY[GLGINÙF K@ ILNDG[NXGINÙF
• Lgs bumgs k` unkc oghc pr`snùf g trgvîs k` p`qu`÷cs
• Fc gorg fufig pcr sn dnsdc lg nfstglginùf k` gnr` gicfknincfgkc pcrqu` icftn`f` glmufcs mgs`s qu` fc k`o`f s`r k`sigrmgkcs `f lg gtdùsb`rg. Yu
gmuh`rcs scf igsn nfvnsnol`s y pu`k`f t`f`r suin`ft`
bu`rzg pgrg p`rbcrgr lg pn`l. Ps` uf trczc k` igrtùf c k` lgs dgk`rg dgfcs. pgrg ousigr p`rknkgs k` pr`snùf. Fc us` • Qgr` `l dctcr y gs`mør`s` qu` lg pr`snùf egyg snkc k`sigrmgkg gft`s k` k`sdcftgr icstgkcs, `fvclturgs, prct`iincf`s y tgpgk`rgs c k` k`sicf`itgr icdpcf`ft`s enkrçulnics. • Iugfkc s` k`o`f `b`itugr d`knkgs k` pr`snùf `dpl`` uf dgfùd`trc gkgptc g lcs vglcr`s pr`vnstcs. • Qrct`hg lcs tuocs `xnol`s kurgft` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` sclkgkurg yg qu` lgs sglpnigkurgs k` lg sclkgkurg scf duy p`f`trgft`s y pu`k`f p`rbcrgr c k`onlntgr lcs tuocs `xnol`s, icf lg r`lgtnvg p`rknkg k` gi`nt`.
•
•
•
•
•
FC FC
icfi`sncfgrnc c `sp`inglnstg gnr` gicfknincfgkc knspcf` k` `qunpcs `sp`ingl`sk`l pgrg `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg nfstglginùf. @l r`brnm`rgft` pu`k` s`r p`lnmrcsc sn `s dgfnpulgkc `f dgf`rg ndprcpng, `s ndpcrtgft` pcr lc tgftc knrnmnrs` g tgll`r`s `sp`inglnzgkcs kctgkcs k` `qunpcs gprcpngkcs pgrg iuglqun`r r`pgrginùf. @l cp`rgkcr fc k`o` `b`itugr fnfmufg nft`rv`finùf `f lg nfstglginùf k`l gnr` gicfknincfgkc. @xnst` `l rn`smc k` mrgv` icfm`lginùf u ctrc tnpc k` giink`ft` pcr iulpg k` lg bumg k` r`brnm`rgft`. Fc `xpcfmg fufig iuglqun`r pgrt` k` lg nfstglginùf k` gicfknincfgdn`ftc g ufg llgdg c g iglcr `xi`snvc, pcrqu` `xnst` `l p`lnmrc k` nfi`fknc c k` `xplcsnùf. Fc `stçf icfs`ftnkcs trgoghcs k` sclkgkurg `f lgs pgrt`s k` lg nfstglginùf c i`rig k` `llg, fn snqun`rg k`spuîs k` qu` `l r`brnm`rgft` egyg snkc k`sigrmgkc. @xnst` `l p`lnmrc k` `xplcsnùf y `fv`f`fgdn`ftc. Fc lndpn` lgs pgrt`s k` lg nfstglginùf icf iecrrcs k` vgpcr.
CJ
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
55/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?; F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Q_@IGPINCF@Y QG_G LG YGLPK @YQG×CL
Q_@IGPINCF@Y QG_G LG YGLPK ICF[GI[C ICF GI@N[@Y, ÇINKCY, ICDOPY[NOL@ ^ _@B_NM@_GF[@Y en`r` icf bumg k` unkc icfsult` `fs`munkg • Yn ufs` dîknic. Yn fcufg s` gkcptgf nfd`kngtgd`ft` lgs iurgs cpcrtufgs pckrägf surmnr nfb`iincf`s c r`giincf`s mrgv`s. • @f m`f`rgl egy qu` `vntgr `l icftgitc iutçf`c icf iuglqun`r tnpc k` icdoustnol`, luornigft`, çinkc, sclv`ft`, `ti. pcrqu` lg dgycr pgrt` k` `llcs icftn`f` sustgfings qu` pu`k`f s`r fcinvgs pgrg lg sgluk. • @vnt` `l icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc k` lg pn`l icf lcs gi`nt`s usgkcs k`l dctcr. Kniec icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc pu`k` prcvcigr `fb`rd`kgk`s mrgv`s k` lg pn`l u ctrgs mrgv`s l`sncf`s bäsnigs. • Fc Fc us` fufig lgs dgfcs pgrg ousigr p`rknkgs k` unkcs. Pf iecrrc k` icdoustnol` c gi`nt` g gltg
pr`snùf pu`k` prcvcigr l`sncf`s bäsnigs mrgv`s. • @l nfenonkcr k` lg cxnkginùf icftn`f` ufg sustgfing gliglnfg. @vnt` `l icftgitc k` knieg sustgfing icf lcs chcs. @vnt` `l icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc icf lg pn`l. Fc nfmn`rg `l prckuitc. @f igsc k` icftgitc icf lcs chcs, lgv` nfd`kngtc y goufkgft`d`ft` icf gmug icrrn`ft` gl d`fcs pcr 70 dnfutcs y icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic. • @l mgsùl`c y lg d`tnl`tnli`tcfg (D@J) scf sustgfings nfgdgol`s y k`o`f s`r utnlnzgkgs icf pr`iguinùf.
Ynmg lgs nfstruiincf`s k`l bgornigft` pgrg mgrgftnzgr lg dçxndg s`murnkgk kurgft` lg dgfnpulginùf k` lgs dnsdgs. • Yn `l r`brnm`rgft` `ftrg `f icftgitc icf lcs chcs, `s f`i`sgrnc lgvgrlcs nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf gmug bräg kurgft` ufcs 0 dnfutcs y icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic. • Yn `l r`brnm`rgft` `ftrg `f icftgitc icf lg pn`l `s f`i`sgrnc usgr `l dnsdc trgtgdn`ftc qu` pgrg lg icfm`lginùf. Igl`ft` lg pgrt` nft`r`sgkg icf lg dgfc c icf gmug t`dplgkg (9?¸I). Iuorg icf ufg v`fkg chg pgrg prct`m`r k` lgs nfb`iincf`s lg zcfg
nft`r`sgkg y icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic. • Lgs ogt`rägs icftn`f`f çinkc sulbørnic. Qrct`hg lcs chcs iugfkc s` trgoghg i`rig k` ufg ogt`räg, pgrg `vntgr pcsnol`s sglpnigkurgs k` lg scluinùf çinkg. @f `l igsc `f qu` `l çinkc `ftrgs` `f icftgitc icf tgitc icf lg pn`l, lcs chcs c lg rcpg, gilgr` nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf gmug gl d`fcs pcr 70 dnfutcs. Icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
5>/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?0 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Q_@IGPINCF@Y QG_G LG YGLPK @YQG×CL
Q_ND@_GY G^PKGY @F IGYC K@ BPLMP_GINÙF @f igsc k` `d`rm`fing y `f `sp`rg k` lg ll`mgkg k`l p`rscfgl dîknic, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s m`f`rgl`s pgrg pr`stgr ufg prnd`rg gyukg8 • Fc tcqu` gl giink`ftgkc icf lgs dgfcs k`sfukgs egstg qu` fc s` egyg icdprcogkc qu` îl `stî s`pgrgkc k` lg t`fsnùf. • Gful` lg t`fsnùf sn `l giink`ftgkc s` `fiu`ftrg tckgväg oghc t`fsnùf. • Fc sudnfnstr` läqunkcs gl giink`ftgkc `f fnfmøf igsc.
G) Yn `l giink`ftgkc `stç icfsin`ft`, r`spnrg gutùfcdgd`ft`, y tn`f` `l lgtnkc igrkngic c igrctnk`c • Iclcqu` `l giink`ftgkc `f lg pcsninùf k` r`iup`rginùf • Mnr` `l giink`ftgkc eging uf lgkc, gpcygkc scor` uf ecdorc. • Dgft`fmg lg igo`zg nfilnfgkg icf lg dgfkäoulg lnor`, k` dgf`rg qu` s` icfsn`ftg lg r`spnrginùf. • Gs`mur` `l giink`ftgkc k` dgf`rg qu` fc pu`kg mnrgrs` scor` sn dnsdc. O) Yn `l giink`ftgkc fc `stç icfsin`ft` y fc r`spnrg r`spnrg gutùfcdgd`ft` Qrci`kg k` lg snmun`ft` dgf`rg8 • Iclcqu` `l giink`ftgkc `f pcsninùf supnfg. • Nfilnf` lg igo`zg k`l giink`ftgkc eging gtrçs y l`vgftgr `l d`ftùf. • @lndnf` iuglqun`r coh`tc qu` s` `fiu`ftr` `f lg ocig c `f lg mgrmgftg (k`ftgkurg, inmgrrnllc, mcdg k` dgsigr), utnlnzgfkc tgdonîf ufgs fcrdgl`s pnfzgs k` `l`itrninstg. • Yn `l giink`ftgkc fc s` r`iup`rg prci`kg icf lg r`spnrginùf “ocig g ocig— . • Gp`fgs `l giink`ftgkc r`iup`rg `l icfcindn`ftc, iclùqu`lc `f lg pcsninùf k` r`iup`rginùf r`iup`rginùf.
I) Yn `l giink`ftgkc fc `stç icfsin`ft` y fc s` p`rino` `l lgtnkc igrkngic Qrci`kg k` lg snmun`ft` dgf`rg8 • Egmg kcs r`spnrgincf`s ` nfnin` lg icdpr`snùf k`l tùrgx (dgsgh` igrkngic). • Iclcqu` kcs k`kcs k` lg dgfc `ftr` lg ighg tcrçinig y `l `st`rfùf. • Iclcqu` lg ctrg dgfc `findg y irui` lcs k`kcs `ftr` `llcs. • Dgft`fmg lcs orgzcs t`fknkcs y `dpuh` `f `l tùrgx k` dgf`rg qu` s` prckuzig ufg oghgkg k`l dnsdc k` ufcs ;/0 id. • _`pntg lg cp`rginùf ufgs qunfi` v`i`s. • Glt`rf` lg r`spnrginùf “ocig g ocig— k`sirntg pr`i`k`ft`d`ft` icf `l dgsgh` igrkngic, dgft`fn`fkc ufg igk`fing k` 7 g 0. • _`pntg lgs s`iu`fings egstg qu` fc ll`mu`f lgs gyukgs. • Yn lgs icfknincf`s k`l giink`ftgkc d`hcrgf icf lg r`iup`rginùf k`l lgtnkc igrkngic, icftnfu` sclgd`ft` icf lg r`spnrginùf. • Iugfkc `l giink`ftgkc r`iup`rg `l icfcindn`ftc, iclùqu`lc `f lg pcsninùf k` r`iup`rginùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>1/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?2 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Q_C[@IINÙF K@L D@KNC GDON@F[@ @YQG×CL
FC_DGY QG_G LG Q_C[@IINÙF K@L D@KNC GDON@F[@ • Qcfmg pgrtniulgr gt`finùf `f icft`f`r `l v`rtnkc k` unkc kurgft` lg nfsp`iinùf, `l dgft`fndn`ftc, lgs
pru`ogs, lgs r`mulgincf`s y lgs r`pgrgincf`s k` lg dçqunfg. • Qr`pgr` r`inpn`ft`s gk`iugkcs iugfkc s` gor` uf icdpgrtnd`ftc c s` k`sdcftgf `l`d`ftcs qu` icftn`f`f unkcs.
• @lndnf` lcs unkcs mgstgkcs r`sp`tgfkc lgs fcrdgs vnm`ft`s. • Nfbcrdîs` scor` lg l`mnslginùf `f dgt`rng `f `l pgäs y gs`mør`s` k` icdpr`fk`rlg. • Yn fc `xnst` ufg fcrdgtnvg `sp`iäig, nfbcrdîs` `f `l prcv``kcr k` luornigft`s, icdoustnol`s, gftn-en`lc, knsclv`ft`s k` lndpn`zg, pcr lc qu` s` r``r` gl `b`itc
k` `stcs prckuitc `f `l ecdor` y `f lg fgturgl`zg y scor` lgs dckglnkgk`s pgrg su icfs`rvginùf, utnlnzginùf y `lndnfginùf. • @vnt` k` egi`r gogst`indn`ftc k` icdoustnol` icf onkcf`s c snst`dgs icf `rcmginùf oghc pr`snùf fc gk`iugkcs, qu` pckrägf igusgr fctgol`s p`rknkgs k` icdoustnol`. • Lcs dck`rfcs gi`nt`s luornigft`s icftn`f`f gkntnvcs. Fc qu`d` icdoustnol` icftgdnfgkc y/c gi`nt`s mgstgkcs `f lgs fcrdgl`s nfstglgincf`s k` igl`bgiinùf. • @vnt` p`rknkgs iugfkc s` k`sigrmgf k` lg dçqunfg läqunkc k` `fbrngdn`ftc, gi`nt` luornigft` k`l dctcr y k`l igdonc, gi`nt` enkrçulnic, gi`nt` k` lcs br`fcs, `ti. • Fc d`zil` fufig icf luornigft`s `l gi`nt` k` lcs br`fcs c `l icdoustnol` k`sigrmgkc. Y` k`o`f icfs`rvgr k` dgf`rg s`murg egstg qu` fc s`g pcsnol` `lndnfgrlcs icf dckglnkgk`s qu` r`sp`tgf lgs fcrdgtnvgs k`l pgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. • Lgs dck`rfgs d`zilgs k` `fbrngdn`ftc, `s k`inr gftnen`lc y ctrcs gkntnvcs, s` sustntuy`f igkg kcs g÷cs. Fc s` k`o` p`rdntnr lg knsp`rsnùf `f `l t`rr`fc, s` k`o`f r`icm`r `f r`inpn`ft`s `sp`ingl`s y `lndnfgrlcs k` dgf`rg s`murg. • Qgrg prct`m`r `l gdon`ft`, lgs nfstglgincf`s k` gicfknincfgdn`ftc icf r`brnm`rgft` läqunkc k`o`f s`r vgingkgs icrr`itgd`ft` y r`ll`fgkgs utnlnzgfkc gpgrgtcs qu` ndpnkgf lg sglnkg g lg gtdùsb`rg k` lcs mgs`s k`l r`brnm`rgft` _79;g (ilcrcucrcigrourcs
IBI). Lgs fcrdgs vnm`ft`s colnmgf g lg r`iup`rginùf r `iup`rginùf y r`inilgh` k`l r`brnm`rgft`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>7/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?= F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Q_C[@IINÙF ICF[_G NFI@FKNCY @YQG×CL
Q_C[@IINÙF ICF[_G NFI@FKNCY Lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg k` uf `xtnftcr nfstglgkc k`trçs k`l gsn`ftc k` icfkuiinùf, `f lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f murg.
Bgdnlngrnzgr icf `l usc k`l `xtnftcr8 prcogr g quntgrlc k` su sntnc, l``r lgs nfstruiincf`s r`lgtnvgs k` usc sn `stçf `sirntgs `f lg `tnqu`tg k`l `xtnftcr. Egi`r icftrclgr p`rnùknigd`ft` lcs `xtnftcr`s pcr p`rscfgl iuglnigkc, k` dgf`rg qu` s` mgrgftni` lg `in`fing `f igsc k` f`i`snkgk.
Yn s` prckui` uf nfi`fknc `f lg dçqunfg fc nft`ftgr gpgmgrlc icf `l gmug, `f `b`itc `l gmug fc knsdnfuy` lg icdoustnùf k`l gi`nt` y pckräg s`rvnr k` icfkuitcr k` icrrn`ft` `f `l igsc k` uf nfi`fknc `f lg nfstglginùf `lîitrnig.
G[@FINÙF Ptnlnzgr lcs `xtnftcr`s `f kctginùf. s` utnlnzgf sclgd`ft` ctrcs `xtnftcr`s, icdprcogr qu` s`gfYn k`l tnpc k` fn`v` k` gfeäkrnkc igroùfnic, `f s`ic c k` `spudg.
Q@LNM_C Fc giincf` `l dctcr kn`s`l gllä kcfk` pukn`rg ego`r pr`s`fing k` vgpcr`s k` icdoustnol`. @stcs vgpcr`s pu`k`f s`r k`l gspnrgkcs g trgvîs k` lg nfstglginùf k` gspnrginùf gnr` y gi`l`rgr c dgfkgr bu`rg k` r`vcluincf`s `l dctcr, lc iugl pu`k` prcvcigr uf nfi`fknc, `xplcsnùf y mrgv`s kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs. Fud`rcscs knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk, icdc lcs knspcsntnvcs k` in`rr` k` lg gspnrginùf k`l gnr`, scf knspcfnol`s pgrg r`kuinr gl däfndc `l rn`smc k` `xplcsncf`s c nfi`fkncs. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I fc pu`k` pr`v`r `l usc y lgs icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s `f lgs iugl`s cp`rgrç lg dçqunfg. @l Q_CQN@[G_NC y `l CQ@_GKC_ scf r`spcfsgol`s k`l usc s`murc `f uf gdon`ft` ecstnl. Qgrg dçs nfbcrdginùf knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>?/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?5 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
Q_C[@IINÙF ICF[_G NFI@FKNCY @YQG×CL
PYC K@L @U[NF[C_ 7. [nr` k`l pgsgkcr k` s`murnkgk. ?. [cd` lg ocqunllg. 9. Qr`sncf` icf bu`rzg lg pglgfig y gpuft` eging lg ogs` k`l bu`mc.
• Giîrqu`s` gl br`ft` k`l bu`mc (bcic k`l bu`mc) t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg lg knr`iinùf k`l vn`ftc y uoniçfkcs` g knstgfing k` s`murnkgk (`stg knstgfing vgräg `f r`lginùf gl iecrrc k`l `xtnftcr ` xtnftcr y g lg rgknginùf k`l iglcr).
• Fc knrnhg fufig `l iecrrc eging lg pgrt` gltg k` lgs llgdgs. @l dîtckc d`hcr `s k`sigrmgr `l gm`ft` `xtnftcr k` uf lgkc g ctrc `f bcrdg k` gogfnic knrnmn`fkc `l iecrrc eging lg ogs` k`l bu`mc y lu`mc dcv`rs` eging gk`lgft` c glr`k`kcr k`l çr`g dn`ftrgs `l bu`mc knsdnfuy`.
• Pfg prnd`rg k`sigrmg k` gm`ft` `xtnftcr icf dcvndn`ftc k` ogrrnkc pu`k` s`r øtnl pgrg knsdnfunr lgs llgdgs y icdogtnr `l bu`mc dçs `f prcbufknkgk.
• [cd` lg ocqunllg y gpuft` eging lg ogs` k` lgs llgdgs.
• Ynmg k`sigrmgfkc `l gm`ft` `xtnftcr egstg lg `xtnfinùf icdpl`tg dgft`fnîfkcs` g knstgfing k` s`murnkgk y snf kgr fufig lg `spglkg. • Qr`st` iunkgkc g `v`ftugl`s r`nmfnincf`s. • Yn lg igftnkgk k` gm`ft` `xtnftcr fc `s ogstgft` pgrg ufg tctgl `xtnfinùf, snmg k`sigrmgfkc y gl dnsdc tn`dpc r`tär`s` k`l sntnc gft`s k` qu` `l `xtnftcr s` k`sigrmu` icdpl`tgd`ft`.
Q@LNM_C FC KN_NHG FPFIG @L IEC__C EGING Q@_YCFGY iuon`rtgs pcr lgs llgdgs yg qu` `b`itc k`l gm`ft` `xtnftcr scor` lg pn`l qu`dgkg pu`k` s`r igsc, dçs kg÷csc qu` lgs qu`dgkurgs dnsdgs. @f `st` `s pr`b`rnol` nft`ftgr `xtnfmunr lgs llgdgs icf gmug c, sn fc `stç knspcfnol`, icf dgftgs c pr`fkgs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>9/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG ?> F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
_N@YMCY _@YNKPGL@Y ^ XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C @YQG×CL
_N@YMCY _@YNKPGL@Y ^ XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C Y` `ftn`fk` pcr rn`smc r`snkugl `l rn`smc r`dgf`ft` q qu` fc eg snkc pcsnol` `lndnfgr `f lg bgs` k` kns`÷c k` lg dçqunfg y qu` fc `stç prct`mnkc pcr lcs knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk nfträfs`ics g lg dçqunfg. Y` `ftn`fk` pcr zcfgs k` p`lnmrc iuglqun`r puftc `f `l nft`rncr, i`rig k` lg dçqunfg c k` su rgyc k` giinùf. Qu`k`f s`r bu`ft` k` rn`smc lgs snmun`ft`s icfknincf`s8 •
• •
Qcsninùf `qunvcigkg k` lg dçqunfg `f lg icfmurginùf
k` trgoghc sn `stc fc icfsn`ft` ufg bçinl väg k` bumg pgrg `l cp`rgkcr. Bulmurginùf k`onkg gl icftgitc icf läf`gs `lîitrnigs gîr`gs. Nftcxniginùf k`onkg g lg pgrgkg prclcfmgkg `f lumgr`s snf v`ftnlginùf (mgs k` k`sigrmg).
XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C KGFM@_ Lgs p`rscfgs k`o`f sn`dpr` p`rdgf`i`r bu`rg k` lg zcfg k` rn`smc k` lg dçqunfg.
XCFG K@ Q@LNM_C @F Q@_BC_GINÙF
0d
9d
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>;/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 91 F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
_N@YMCY _@YNKPGL@Y ^ XCFGY K@ Q@LNM_C @YQG×CL
XCFG K@ Q@LNM_C @F [_GYLGINÙF d 7
0d
7
0d
d
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>0/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 97 Y@MP_NKGK - Q F C_DGY
IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING @YQG×CL
IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING Lg murg nfknig lg pcsninùf k` tckgs lgs `tnqu`tgs k`
s`murnkgk gplnigkgs g lg dçqunfg `f lg v`rsnùf `stçfkgr: ` stçfkgr: ctrgs `tnqu`tgs pckrägf s`r iclcigkgs `f `l igsc `f qu` lg dçqunfg s`g nft`mrgkg icf mrupcs cpincfgl`s, qu` `l
NDQC_[GF[@ Knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg `v`ftugl`s p`tnincf`s r`lgtnvgs g `tnqu`tgs `sp`ingl`s fc icdpr`fknkgs `f lg snmun`ft` lnstg.
pr`s`ft` dgfugl pcr `l dcd`ftc fc pr`vî.
Qcs.
Gkv`rt`fing
Yädoclc
Q@LNM_C M@FÎ_NIC Qr`stgr lg dçxndg gt`finùf gi`riçfkcs` g zcfgs k` lg dçqunfg qu` ll`vgf `stg `tnqu`tg. Fcrdgld`ft` `stg `tnqu`tg `stç gicdpg÷gkg pcr ctrg
7
`sp`iäig qu` k`f` `f dgf`rg k`sirnptnvg `l tnpc k`
gkv`rt`fing.
QÎ_KNKGY K@ BLPNKC @F Q_@YNÙF Qr`stgr lg dçxndg gt`finùf gi`riçfkcs` g zcfgs k` lg dçqunfg qu` ll`vgf `stg `tnqu`tg. @xnst` lg pcsnonlnkgk ?
k` qu` s` ir``f `v`ftugl`s pîrknkgs k` unkc k` lcs tuocs `xnol`s sntugkcs `f `sg zcfg. Y` gicfs`hg fc
p`rdgf`i`r `f lgs i`rigfägs y k` pcf`rs` g lg k`onkg knstgfing kurgft` `l pgsc. Q@LNM_C ¡ FC [_GOGH@ !
9
DÇWPNFG BP@_G K@ Y@_RNINC Lgdçqunfg`stç bu`rgk` s`rvninc k`onkc gtrgoghcs k`dcftgh`, dgft`fndn`ftccr`pgrginùf.
;
DÇWPNFG BP@_G Y@_RNINC @stg `tnqu`tg qu` s` pu`k` quntgr, k`o` s`r iclcigkg `f `l nft`rncr k` lg igonfg `f `l igsc `f qu` lg dçqunfg `stî bu`rg k` s`rvninc. Y`÷glg lg prcenoninùf gosclutg k` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg yg qu` s` `stçf `b`itugfkc nft`rv`fincf`s k` dcftgh`, dgft`fndn`ftc y/c r`pgrginùf.
COLNMGINÙF K@ ICFYPL[G_ @L DGFPGL K@ PYC @stg `tnqu`tg `fväg g lg colnmginùf k` icfsultgr `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl, r`lgtnvgd`ft` g icfknincf`s pgrtniulgr`s k` usc k` uf dgfkc y/u ctrc. @s pcr lc tgftc f`i`sgrnc, s`munr uf prci`kndn`ftc `sp`iäic qu` fc s` pu`k` k`sirnonr `f ufg sclg `tnqu`tg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>2/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 9? F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING @YQG×CL
Qcs.
Kîiglicdgfn`
@xplnigtncf QÎ_KNKGY K@ BLPNKC OGHC Q_@YNÙF Fc nft`rv`fnr `f lg `lndnfginùf k` tuocs enkrçulnics `xnol`s y/c rämnkcs yg qu` `xnst` lg pr`s`fing k` uf
0
giudulgkcr k` pr`snùf. Nfilusc icf lg dçqunfg gpgmgkg, p`rdgf`i` ufg p`lnmrcsg pr`snùf enkrçulnig `l nft`rncr k` lg nfstglginùf. Y`rç f`i`sgrnc, pcr `stc, `f k`sigrmgr lg pr`snùf k`l giudulgkcr gft`s k` nft`rv`fnr.
2
QPF[C K@ GFILGH@ COLNMG[C_NC @stg `tnqu`tg s`÷glg `l puftc k` gfilgh` y k` l`vgftgdn`ftc l`vgftgd n`ftc r`lgtnvgd`ft` g tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs k`sdcftgol`s y qu` pu`k`f s`r l`vgftgkcs k` lg dçqunfg. Iuglqun`r ctrc puftc s` k`o` icfsnk`rgr nfs`murc “g prncrn—.
=
QG_[@Y IGLN@F[@Y @stg `tnqu`tg s`÷glg lg pr`s`fing k` `l`d`ftcs k` lg dçqunfg qu` pckrägf r`sultgr r`igl`ftgkcs `f k`t`rdnfgkgs icfknincf`s k` `dpl`c. Fcrdgld`ft` `stçf pr`s`ft`s `f lgs zcfgs k`l snl`fingkcr y k`l icl`itcr k` k`sigrmg k`l dctcr kn`s`l. Qr`stgr lg dçxndg gt`finùf. GKR@_[@FING @YQ@IÄBNIG - @Y[G DÇWPNFG FC @Y PFG M_ØG @stg `tnqu`tg `xplnig, `f `l nkncdg k`l pgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg, `l tnpc k` gkv`rt`fing k` qu` egy qu` t`f`r iu`ftg.
5
Q@LNM_C - DÇWPNFG @F DCRNDN@F[C Kurgft` lgs bgs`s k` trgslgkc, s` gicfs`hg gl cp`rgkcr `f lg igonfg pr`stgr gt`finùf g lgs p`rscfgs c icsgs
>
pr`s`ft`s `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc qu` k`o`f s`r gl`hgkgs c k`splgzgkgs. 1>090015
Q@LNM_C K@ GQLGY[GDN@F[C Y` prceno` `xpr`sgd`ft` trgfsntgr c p`rdgf`i`r k`oghc k` igrmgs `f susp`fsnùf c trgoghgr `f `l `spginc k` dgfncorg k` lcs `qunpcs. _n`smc k` iecqu`s vncl`ftcs `f igsc k` dcvndn`ftcs ndpr`vnstcs k` pgrt`s k` lg dçqunfg c k`l `qunpc.
71
1>09007?
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>=/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 99 Y@MP_NKGK - Q F C_DGY
IGLICDGFÄGY ^ QLGIGY K@ GKR@_[@FING @YQG×CL
Qcs.
Kîiglicdgfn`
@xplnigtncf _@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C @stg plgig gplnigkg scor` lg tcrr`tg nfknig tckgs lgs nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc crknfgrnc qu` k`o`f s`r `b`itugkcs scor` lcs knstnftcs mrupcs k` lg dçqunfg y lcs r`lgtnvcs nft`rvglcs (e). @f iuglqun`r igsc s` gicfs`hg l``r icf iunkgkc lg s`iinùf “K - dgft`fndn`ftc— `f `st` dgfugl pgrg lg `xplniginùf k`tgllgkg k` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc.
77
L]G 7?
715 G[@FINÙF K`knqu` `l tn`dpc f`i`sgrnc g bgdnlngrnzgr icf lgs `tnqu`tgs y lgs iglicdgfägs k` s`murnkgk. Lndpn` c sustntuyg lgs `v`ftugld`ft` `strcp`gkgs y/c nl`mnol`s, utnlnzgfkc uf trgpc olgfkc, gmug y hgoùf. Fc utnlni` mgsclnfg c sclv`ft`s qu` pckrägf quntgr `l iclcr. @f `l igsc `f qu` ufg `tnqu`tg `stî iclcigkg `f uf pgrtniulgr qu` lg egy qu` sustntunr, f`i`sgrnc vclv`r g iclcigr dnsdg `tnqu`tg s`rç tgdonîf `f `l fu`vc pgrtniulgr pgrtniulgr.. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs c icsgs prcvcigkcs pcr `l nfiudplndn`ftc nfiudplndn`ftc k` `stgs r`mlgs k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
@DNYNÙF YCFC_G @stg `tnqu`tg nfknig `l fnv`l k` runkc p`rinonkc `f `l `xt`rncr k` lg dçqunfg pcr qun`f s` `fiu`ftrg i`rig k` lg zcfg k` trgoghc (vîgs` igpätulc snmun`ft`).
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>5/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 9; F C_DGY Y@MP_NKGK - Q
@DNYNCF@Y YCFC_GY @YQG×CL
@DNYNCF@Y YCFC_GY FNR@L K@ Q_@YNÙF GIØY[NIG QCFK@_GKC (G) @F @L QP@Y[C CQ@_GKC_ @l vglcr nfknigkc g icftnfuginùf `s `l fnv`l k` runkc p`rinonkc pcr `l cäkc k`l cp`rgkcr `f `l nft`rncr k` lg igonfg icf lg pu`rtg y lgs v`ftgfnllgs i`rrgkgs.
LpG4 51 kO (G) * Nfi`rtnkudor` k` d`kninùf8 · 7 kO * D`kninùf `b`itugkg =>787>>0+G78?11>..
s`møf
lg
fcrdg
@F
G[@FINÙF Iugfkc s` trgoghg icf lgs v`ftgfnllgs gon`rtgs c iugfkc `l fnv`l k` runkc sup`rg lcs 50 kO(G) s` gicfs`hg lg utnlnzginùf k` `sp`ingl`s gurniulgr`s k` prct`iinùf. @f duiecs pgäs`s `stç r`icd`fkginùf `s colnmgtcrng, pcr lc qu` s` gicfs`hg icftrclgr lg fcrdgtnvg lcigl.
FNR@L K@ QC[@FING GIØY[NIG MG_GF[NXGKC s`møf lg Knr`itnvg ?111/7;/I@
@l vglcr nfknigkc g icftnfuginùf nfknig `l fnv`l k` runkc p`rinonkc `f `l `xt`rncr k` lg dçqunfg pcr qun`f s` `fiu`ftrg i`rig k` lg zcfg k` trgoghc. Lgs knspcsnincf`s k` lg knr`itnvg colnmgf g gplnigr scor` lg dçqunfg ufg plgig icf `l vglcr k` pct`fing giøstnig.
LwG4 715 kO (G)
L
]G
715
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
>>/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 90 Y@MP_NKGK - Q F C_DGY
Y@×GL@Y M@Y[PGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y @YQG×CL
Y@×GL@Y M@Y[PGL@Y ICFR@FINCFGL@Y Y`÷gl
@xplniginùf
Y`÷gl
@xplniginùf
Icdn`fzc Gt`finùf [cdg k` dgfkc
Eging lg k`r`ieg (icf r`sp`itc gl `figrmgkc k` lgs s`÷gl`s)
Gltc Nft`rrupinùf Bnf k` dcvndn`ftc
Eging lg nzqun`rkg (icf r`sp`itc gl `figrmgkc k` lgs s`÷gl`s)
Bnf k` lgs cp`rgincf`s
Oghgr
Nzgr
Knstgfing v`rtnigl
Gvgfzgr
Knstgfing ecrnzcftgl
_`trci`k`r
Q`lnmrc Gltc Qgrgkg k` `d`rm`fing
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
711/902
C_DGY K@ Y ÇMNFG 92 Y@MP_NKGK - Q F C_DGY
@YQG×CL
Qçmnfg nft`fincfgld`ft` vgiäg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
717/902
@YQG×CL
Y`iinùf I BPFINCFGDN@F[C ^ PYC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
71?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Äfkni` k` Y`iinùf DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[C NFY[_PD@F[CY Y ........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ........................ ....................... .....................0 ..........0 KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ Y@MP_NKGK ICF[_G @L GIINCFGDN@F[C GIINK@F[GL K@ LCY DGFKCY DGFKCY.......................................................................................................................................2 .......................................................................................................................................2 QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ........................................................................................................5 [GOL@_CY K@ DGFKC ^ ICF[_CL ......................................................................................?? K_NLLNFM DG[@ DG[@ Y^Y[@D ................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................... ...................................................... ?? [GOL@_C K@ DGFKC YPQ@_NC_ ....................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... .................................. ?9
DGFKCY G OC_KC DÇWPNFG..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ................................?0 ..........?0 DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y..................................................................................?> DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y @Y[ÇFKG_........................................................................................... DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y @Y[ÇFKG_........................................................................................... ?> DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y DNI_CNF[@__PQ[ C_@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y - K_NLLNFM DG[@ Y^Y[@D................................................................. 9?
K@[@I[C_@Y K@ GFCDGLÄGY K@ BPFINCFGDN@F[C ...................... ........................................... .................................9; ............9;
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC ........................................................................................95 GII@YC GL QP@Y[C QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF .................... .......................................... ............................................ ......................................9> ................9> ICLCIGINÙF K@ LCY @Y[_NOCY @Y[_NOCY QL@MGOL@Y .................................................................................... ................................................................................................. ............. ;1 GQ@_[P_G / IN@__@ K@ LG QP@_[G.................................................................................. ................................................................................................................... ................................. ;7 OLCWP@C K@ LG QP@_[G K@YK@ K@YK@ @L @U[@_NC_ .................................................................................. ............................................................................................... ............. ;7 _@MPLGINÙF K@L GYN@F[C ............................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................. .................................... ;? _@MPLGINÙF K@ LCY @YQ@HCY _@[_CRNYC_@Y _@[_CRNYC_@Y............................................................................................. ............................................................................................. ;9 GI[NRGINÙF GI[NR GINÙF IGL@BGIINÙF/ILNDG[NXGINÙF IGL@BGIINÙF/ILNDG[NXGINÙF .................................................................................................... ;; GQ@_[P_G K@L I_NY[GL I_NY[GL K@LGF[@_C .............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................... ................. ;0 @U[_GIINÙF K@ LGY IC_[NFGY IC_[NFGY QG_GYCL QG_GYCL ...................................................................................................... ;2 GOGFKCFC K@ LG IGONFG K@ PFG YGLNKG GL[@_FG[NRG............................................................................. GL[@_FG[NRG............................................................................. ;2 _@IPQ@_GINÙF K@ LGY LLGR@Y LLGR@Y K@ Y@_RNINC ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............. ;2
GII@YC G LG [C__@[G [C__@[G ^ G LGY XCFGY K@ QGYC .................... .......................................... .........................................;= ...................;= NFY[GLGINÙF K@ LG @YIGL@_G K@YDCF[GOL@ NFY[GLGINÙF K@YDCF[GOL@ ............................................................................................. ;= GQ@_[P_G K@ LCY IGQÙY K@ NFYQ@IINÙF NFYQ@IINÙF ....................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... .............. ;5
GF[@Y K@ LG QP@Y[G QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG................... ......................................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................;> ..;> ICF[_CL@Y GF[@Y GF[@Y K@L G__GFWP@ ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ................. ;> ICF[_CL QCYNINÙF NF[@__PQ[C_ M@F@_GL ^ Y@L@I[C_@Y K@ Y@_RNINC Y@_RNINC ............................................ 01
QP@Y[G QP@Y[ G @F DG_IEG K@L DC[C_ KN@Y@L ................... ......................................... ............................................ ..................................07 ............07 @F ICFKNINCF@Y FC_DGL@Y.......................................................................................... FC_DGL@Y.............................................................................................................................. .................................... 07 D@KNGF[@ BP@F[@ GPUNLNG_ .......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. ................................... 09
K@YQPÎY K@ LG QP@Y[G QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG...................... ........................................... ........................................... .......................................00 .................00 IGL@F[GDN@F[C IGL@F[ GDN@F[C K@L DC[C_ KN@Y@L ..................... ........................................... ............................................ ......................................00 ................00 Y@×GLNXGINÙF K@ BPFINCFGDN@F[C BPFINCFGDN@F[C GFÙDGLC ............................................................................................ 02 EGONLN[GINÙF EGONLN[ GINÙF K@ LCY DGFKCY @F IGONFG...................................................................................... .................................................................................................... .............. 0=
[_GYLGKC.................................................................................................................................05 [_GYLGKC .................................................................................................................................05
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
719/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 9 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
QG_GKG K@L DC[C_ DC[C_ KN@Y@L ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ...............................27 .........27 @F ICFKNINCF@Y FC_DGL@Y.............................................................................................. FC_DGL@Y.............................................................................................................................. ................................ 27 @F ICFKNINCF@Y K@ @D@_M@FING...................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... .............................. 2?
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL ICF J@LL^ DCF[GKC ......................................29 @FYGFIEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY ...................................................................................2; ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQ Q_NFINQGL GL ..................... ..................................2; .............2; K@YDCF[GH@ K@YDCF[ GH@ K@ LCY @L@D@F[CY K@ OLCWP@C ..................... ........................................... ........................................20 ..................20 ICLCIGINÙF K@L @L@DF[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL ...................... ...............................22 .........22 DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ GLNF@GDN@F[C GLNF@GDN@F[C K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) ............. 2=
K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ OLCWP@C K@ LG OG__G J@LL K@YDCF[GH@ J@LL^ ^ ................... ...................25 25 L@RGF[ L@R GF[GDN@F[C GDN@F[C K@L DÇY[NL..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ...............................2> .........2>
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKC YNF J@LL^ .....................................................=1 @FYGFIEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY ...................................................................................=7 ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQ Q_NFINQGL GL ..................... ..................................=7 .............=7 K@YDCF[GH@ K@YDCF[ GH@ K@ LCY @L@D@F[CY K@ OLCWP@C ..................... ........................................... ........................................=? ..................=? ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG Q_CLCFMGINÙF YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL ................=9 DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ GLNF@GDN@F[C GLNF@GDN@F[C K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) ............. =;
L@RGF[GDN@F[C L@RGF[ GDN@F[C K@L DÇY[NL..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ...............................=0 .........=0 DCF[GH@ DCF[ GH@ K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ J@LL^ .............................................................. ........................................ ............................................ ...............................=2 .........=2 DCF[GH@ DCF[ GH@ K@ LG E@__GDN@F[G E@__GDN@F[G ..................... ........................................... ............................................ ........................................... ...........................=> ......=>
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC ..............................................51 QCYNINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG _@YQ@[C _@YQ@[C GL IG__C K@ C_PMGY ........................................51 ....................... .................51 _GKNC DÇUNDC K@ [_GOGHC .................................................................................................51 IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL Q_NFINQGL......................................................................................................51 ......................................................................................................51 IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[ GF[@ GPUNLNG_..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ .......................................57 .................57 LNDN[@Y M@F@_GL@Y ^ DGFNCO_GY Q_CENONKGY ..................... ........................................... ........................................5? ..................5? GQG_IGDN@F[C GQ G_IGDN@F[C ^ QP@Y[ QP@Y[G G BP@_G K@ Y@_RNINC.................... .......................................... ............................................ ......................59 59 QG_GKGY O_@R@Y O_@R@Y ............................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................... 59 QG_GKGY Q_CLCFMGKGY.................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................... .................................................. 59
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
71;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL (ICF J@LL^ DCF[GKC) ........5; GQLNIGINÙF K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ OLCWP@C K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ J@LL^ .................... ......................50 ..50 IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL ..................... ........................................... ......................52 52 DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) ........................... 5=
DCF[GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ OLCWP@C QG_G DCF[GH@ QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ .................... ......................55 ..55 IN@__@ K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL Q_NFINQGL .................... .......................................... .........................5> ...5> @Y[_@IEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY K@L IG__C .............................................................5>
Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKG (YNF J@LL^) ........................>1 K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ K@YDCF[GH@ J@LL^ ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ..........................................>7 ....................>7 IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL DÇY[NL ..................... ........................................... ......................>? >? DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) ........................... >9
DCF[GH@ DCF[ GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ OLCWP@C QG_G QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ .................... ......................>; ..>; IN@__@ K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL Q_NFINQGL .................... .......................................... .........................>; ...>; @Y[_@IEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY K@L IG__C .............................................................>0
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ .......................................................>2
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
710/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 0 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[C NFY[_PD@F[CY Y Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `b`itugr pru`ogs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg, snf ego`r icfsultgkc gft`s `l pr`s`ft`
Q@LNM_C Lg s`murnkgk k`l cp`rgkcr y k` lgs p`rscfgs i`rig- fgs g lg dçqunfg k`p`fk` k` lg igpginkgk k` huninc
dgfugl y ego`r bgdnlngrnzgkc icf lcs dgfkcs. Lgs icrr`itgs d`tckclcmägs k` `dpl`c y lgs dgfncorgs fc icfs`ftnkgs k`o`f s`r gfglnzgkgs y icdpr`fknkgs
y k`lcpruk`fing f`i`sgrnc pcr tgftc qu`k`l îl dnsdc qu` s` cp`rgkcr. gpr`stg g @s dgfncorgr lg dçqunfg icfczig p`rb`itgd`ft` lg pcsninùf y lg
icf `l f k` `vntgr pcsnol`s kg÷cs mrgv`s g p`rscfgs
bufinùf `sp`iäig k` tckcs lcs dgfkcs (`stçfkgr
c g icsgs.
y/u cpincfgl`s).
@st` igpätulc `ftn`fk` prcpcrincfgr tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs g lg bufinùf y lg iclciginùf k` tckcs lcs dgfkcs ` nfstrud`ftcs k` lg dçqunfg. @l cp`rgkcr k`o`rç bgdnlngrnzgr icf tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs pgrg pck`r dgfncorgr lg dçqunfg `f s`murnkgk. Qcr dgycr ilgr`zg, lcs knspcsntnvcs egf snkc suoknvnknkcs s`møf lg iclciginùf `f lg dçqunfg c lg bufinùf `b`itugkg (vîgs` tgolg).
Qcs. K`si Qcs. K`sirn rnpi pinù nùf f G Qu`stc k` icfkuiinùf O [gol`rcs k` dgfkc y icftrcl I K @
D groucprtk cd Dg nifrckncfst`r `rr cr` r`s sç y qsu`nffsgcr`s K`t`itcr`s k` gfcdglägs k` bufincfgdn`ftc
NDQC_[GF[@ Lgs pçmnfgs g icftnfuginùf nlustrgf lcs dgfkcs y lcs nfstrud`ftcs k` lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf `stçfkgr (icf `qunpc j`lly). Lcs dgfkcs ` nfstrud`ftcs r`lgtnvcs g ctrcs `qunpcs `sp`iäics k` lg dçqunfg s`rçf trgtgkcs `f s`iincf`s `sp`iäigs.
G[@FINÙF Yn lg dçqunfg qu` pcs`` tn`f` dgfkcs fc nlustrgkcs `f `stg s`iinùf, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
712/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 2 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ Y@MP_NKGK ICF[_G @L GIINCFGDN@F[C GIINK@F[GL K@ LCY DGFKCY @l bufincfgdn`ftc k` tckcs lcs dgfkcs `stç prct`mnkc pcr uf dnircnft`rruptcr k` pr`s`fing cp`rgkcr B, nficrpcrgkc `f `l gsn`ftc k` icfkuiinùf, pcr ufg pglgfig M y pcr uf octùf ludnfcsc k` egonlntginùf E.
M
B
E
Igkg pglgfig k` dgfkc L c dgfkc k` p`kgl D `stç prcvnstc k` uf` knspcsntnvc k` egonlntginùf F qu` lc prct`m` icftrg iuglqun`r giincfgdn`ftc giink`ftgl.
L
Qcr lc tgftc, iugfkc s` `b`itøgf dgfncorgs utnlnzgfkc ufg pglgfig k` dgfkc L c uf dgfkc k` p`kgl D `s f`i`sgrnc gitnvgr `l knspcsntnvc k` egonlntginùf F.
F
F
F D
L
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
71=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG = B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
@l icfdutgkcr W p`rdnt` egonlntgr lcs dgfkcs k` trgslginùf trgoghc, B-M-E nfk`p`fkn`ft`d`ft` k` lcs knspcsntnvcsck`k`s`murnkgk .
W
Y @f sntugincf`s k` QG_GKG K@ @D@_M@FING @D@_M@FIN G, gk`dçs k`l icfdutgkcr k` grrgfqu` y pgrgkg _, s` `fiu`ftrg `f `l tgol`rc k` nfstrud`ftcs k`lgft`rc uf octùf icf igo`zg k` ecfmc Y scor` `l iugl s` nft`rvn`f` k`sk` lg pcsninùf k` dgfkc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Ctrgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs g lcs `l`d`ftcs
k` s`murnkgk s`rçf sudnfnstrgkgs `f `l pr`s`ft` igpätulc y `f `l igpätulc QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC.
_
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
715/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 5 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
?7
[CPIE YI_@@F
;1
9=
92 >
;7
70
=
?1
0 5 9;
90
2
7@
7
7G
7O
9G
9O
7I
7K
9I
9K
?@
?
;@
?G
?O
;G
;O
?I
?K
;I
;K
9@
?;
;
77
?? ?9
9
?2
79
?= ?5
7; 71 7?
?> ?0
7=
91 72
75 9> 97 99
95 9?
7>
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
71>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG > B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
7
7G
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
F
K`s`frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
F
_ctginùf tcrr`tg `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc
F
@frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
F
_ctginùf tcrr`tg `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc
Qglgfig k` dgfkc dultnbufincf`s
Octùf
Gitnvginùf gvnsgkcr giøstnic
F
7O
Bufinùf
K`s`frcllgdn`ftc _ÇQNKC igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
Octùf F
@frcllgdn`ftc _ÇQNKC igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
7I
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
7K
Octùf
Igdonc pgmnfg KDY
7@
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
771/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 71 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
?
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
F
Oghgkg orgzc
F
Yuonkg orgzc
Qglgfig k` dgfkc dultnbufincf`s
?G
Octùf
Gp`rturg muäg enkrçulnig (cpincfgl - sùlc pgrg v`rsnùf IBG)
?O
Octùf
In`rr` muäg enkrçulnig (cpincfgl - sùlc pgrg v`rsnùf IBG)
?I
Octùf
Gp`rturg i`rrchcs muäg enkrçulnig (cpincfgl sùlc pgrg v`rsnùf IBG)
?K
Octùf
In`rr` i`rrchcs muäg enkrçulnig (cpincfgl - sùlc pgrg v`rsnùf IBG)
?@
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
777/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 7 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC 77 7
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
F
Bufinùf - Yglnkg inlnfkrc pull-kcwf (v`rs. j`lly) - @frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` pull-kcwf icf igol` lnor` (fc gfilgkc gl pn` dçstnl) - Gud`ftc `dpuh` scor` e`rrgdn`ftg icf igol` gfilgkc gl pn` dçstnl
F
9
Qglgfig k` dgfkc dultnbufincf`s
_ctginùf e`rrgdn`ftg `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc
-
_`tcrfc inlnfkrc pull-kcwf (v`rs. j`lly) K`s`frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` pullkcwf icf igol` lnor` (fc gfilgkc gl pn`)
-
Gchgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` pull-kcwf
F
icf igol` gfilgkc gl pn` dçstnl
F
_ctginùf e`rrgdn`ftg `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc
F
Gitnvginùf `vgiuginùf rçpnkg e`rrgdn`ftg (“spnf-cbb—)
F
Gitnvginùf `vgiuginùf rçpnkg e`rrgdn`ftg (“spnf-cbb—) (9g dgrieg k`l igdonc)
9G
Octùf
9G
Octùf (cpincfgl, pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng icf igdonc [rgfsdntgl)
9O
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
9I
Octùf
K`sgitnvginùf k`sigrmg rçpnkg e`rrgdn`ftg
Octùf gpr`tgkc8 gitnvginùf oghgkg lndpngkcr ogrr`fg (cpincfgl - sùlc v`rsnùf IBG) 9K
Octùf Octùf su`ltc8 k`sgitnvginùf oghgkg lndpngkcr ogrr`fg (cpincfgl - sùlc v`rsnùf IBG)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
77?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 7? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
9@
;
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
F
Gitnvginùf inlnfkrc oghgkg pn` dçstnl (sùlc v`rsnùf IBG)
F
Gitnvginùf inlnfkrc suonkg pn` dçstnl (sùlc v`rsnùf IBG)
Octùf
F
K`s`frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
F
@frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
Qglgfig k` dgfkc dultnbufincf`s
;G
Octùf
Gitnvginùf “igäkg lnor`— igor`stgft` guxnlngr (cpincfgl)
;O
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
;I
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
;K
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
;@
Octùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
779/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 79 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
0
Yndoclcmäg
[gpùf
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
Bufincf`s `lîitrnigs k`sgitnvgkgs / pgrgkg dctcr kn`s`l - `xtrgiinùf llgv`
2
Icfdutgkcr k` llgv`
Bufincf`s `lîitrnigs gitnvgkgs
Grrgfqu` dctcr kn`s`l
Y`l`itcr =
Gpgmgdn`ftc snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d (YÙLC @F IGYC K@ @D@_M@FING)
Q@LNM_C (g)
@fi`fknkc snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d
Q@LNM_C (g)
¡Ptnlni` `st` s`l`itcr icf duiec iunkgkc! Gft`s k` pcf`r `f `f dgrieg `l dctcr, dctcr, icdpru`o` icdpru`o` qu` `l s`l`itcr `stî `f lg pcsninùf pcsninùf “1— pgrg pgrg `vntgr kg÷gr `l `l
snst`dg k` icftrcl KDY.
Qgrgkg k` `d`rm`fing dctcr kn`s`l (octùf gpr`tgkc y su`ltc) 5
Octùf pgrgkg k` `d`rm`fing K`solcqu`c pgrgkg `d`rm`fing (octùf mnrgkc y su`ltc)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
77;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 7; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
>
Yndoclcmäg
Luz k` gvnsc gdgrnllg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf Y`÷gl k` pr`-glgrdg y bufinùf kngmfùstnic dctcr
G[@FINÙF G[@FINÙF Kurgft` lg bgs` pr`vng g lg pu`stg `f dgrieg (icf snst`dg k` icftrcl KDY gpgmgkc), `l t`stnmc gdgrnllc gdgrnll c r`b.
> p`rdnt` icdprcogr sn lg dçqunfg `stç lnstg pgrg `l usc. @f igsc k` `fi`fknkc k` `stg luz, `fin`fk` `l KDY, v`rnqu` y `lndnf` iuglqun`r prcol`dg s`÷glgkc, lu`mc gpgmu` `l KDY y pcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr.
Yn `l KDY fc bufincfg y `l t`stnmc gdgrnllc s` `fin`fk`, pr`sncf` `l octùf r`b. 9= y gfct` lg s`iu`fing k` pgrpgk`cs icrr`spcfkn`ft` gl prcol`dg (vîgs` s`iiinùf @). Ptnlni` `stg nfbcrdginùf pgrg pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i y r`sclv`r `l nficfv`fn`ft`.
71
Y`l`itcr
_`mulginùf v`lcinkgk d`sg rctgtcrng
Y`l`iinùf oghg v`lcinkgk k` rctginùf
71
Y`l`itcr (cpincfgl, pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng icf igdonc [rgfsdntgl)
Y`l`iinùf v`lcinkgk fcrdgl k` rctginùf
Y`l`iinùf gltg v`lcinkgk k` rctginùf
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
770/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 70 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
77
7?
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
F
Nfilnfginùf dçstnl eging gk`lgft`
F
Nfilnfginùf dçstnl g lg k`r`ieg
F
Nfilnfginùf dçstnl eging gtrçs
F
Nfilnfginùf dçstnl g lg nzqun`rkg
F
Nfilnfginùf _ÇQNKG dçstnl eging gk`lgft`
F
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
F
Nfilnfginùf _ÇQNKG dçstnl eging gtrçs
F
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
Qglgfig k` dgfkc
[gpùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
772/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 72 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
Qrnd`rg v`lcinkgk igdonc d`sg rctgtcrng Y`l`itcr 79
(cpincfgl, pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng icf igdonc [rgfsdntgl) Y`mufkg v`lcinkgk igdonc d`sg rctgtcrng
7;
[gpùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
70
Luz k` gvnsc v`rk`
Y`÷gl ouhägs k` pr`igln`ftgdn`ftc y bufinùf kngmfùstnic dctcr
72
[gpùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
_`pgrtninùf pct`fing g lg ocdog enkrçulnig Q7 (`qunpc pgrg `ftuogkc csinlgkcr - igor`stgft` prnfinpgl)
7=
Qct`fincd`trc
_`pgrtninùf pct`fing 01% g lgs ocdogs enkrçulnigs Q7-Q?
_`pgrtninùf pct`fing g lg ocdog enkrçulnig Q? (d`sg rctgtcrng - igor`stgft` guxnlngr)
75
Gvnsgkcr giøstnic
Nfkniginùf glgrdg y pr`-glgrdg lndntgkcr k` igrmg (sùlc pgrg v`rsnùf M_ØG)
7>
L`itcr
L`iturg k` tgrh`tg k` d`dcrng
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
77=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 7= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
Dgfkcs olcqu`gkcs ?1
Qglgfig k` s`murnkgk Dgfkcs k`solcqu`gkcs
?7
Qgftgllg
Knsplgy tnpc “tcuie-sir``f— pgrg nftrckuiinùf pgrçd`trcs y icftrcl
??
Octùf
Egonlntginùf dgfkcs (octùf gpr`tgkc y su`ltc)
?9
F
@str`iegdn`ftc crumgs
F
@fsgfiegdn`ftc crumgs
Qglgfig k` dgfkc
Knsdnfuinùf rîmnd`f r`vcluincf`s dctcr ?;
Qglgfig gii`l`rgkcr Gud`ftc rîmnd`f r`vcluincf`s dctcr
?0
Gvnsgkcr giøstnic
Gitnvginùf bufinùf e`rrgdn`ftg “spnf-cbb—
?2
[gpùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
`vgiuginùf
rçpnkg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
775/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 75 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
Dgfkcs k` trgslginùf nfegonlntgkcs ?=
Y`l`itcr Gitnvginùf 7g v`lcinkgk (l`ftg) k` trgslginùf
?=
?5
?>
Y`l`itcr
Gitnvginùf ?g v`lcinkgk (v`lcz) k` trgslginùf
Octùf
Nfegonlntginùf tcp` lndntgkcr dçxndc k`si`fsc orgzc y inf`dgtnsdc (octùf dgft`fnkc gpr`tgkc)
Q@LNM_C (o)
Octùf Q@LNM_C (o)
Nfegonlntginùf tcp` lndntgkcr dçxndg suonkg orgzc y dçxndc `frcllgdn`ftc igol`s igor`stgft`s (octùf dgft`fnkc gpr`tgkc)
Q@LNM_C (o)
Octùf pgrg utnlnzgr sùlc kurgft` lgs bgs`s k` dcftgh`, k`sdcftgh` y dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg.
91
[gpùf
Bufinùf fc utnlnzgkg
Gitnvginùf igl`bgiinùf igonfg 97
Y`l`itcr Gitnvginùf ilndgtnzginùf igonfg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
77>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 7> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
R`ftnlgkcr `lîitrnic k`sgitnvgkc
Y`l`iinùf 7g v`lcinkgk v`ftnlgkcr `lîitrnic 9?
Y`l`itcr Y`l`iinùf ?g v`lcinkgk v`ftnlgkcr `lîitrnic
Y`l`iinùf 9g v`lcinkgk v`ftnlgkcr `lîitrnic
Ilndgtnzgkcr igonfg k`sgitnvgkc 99
Y`l`itcr icf L@K Ilndgtnzgkcr igonfg gitnvgkc (L@K `fi`fknkc)
F
F
Mnrc g lg nzqun`rkg gk`lgft` (i`ftrc scor` lg crumg pgrgkg)
9;-90
F F
Mnrc g lg nzqun`rkg gtrçs (i`ftrc scor` lg crumg pgrgkg)
F F
Mnrc g lg k`r`ieg gk`lgft` (i`ftrc scor` lg crumg pgrgkg)
F F
Mnrc g lg k`r`ieg gtrçs (i`ftrc scor` lg crumg pgrgkg)
Dgfkcs k` p`kgl icf pglgfigs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?1/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?1 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
9;-90
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
F
F
[rgslginùf eging gk`lgft`
F
F
[rgslginùf eging gtrçs
F
F
_ctginùf `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc (i`ftr` scor` `l `h` dçqunfg)
Dgfkcs k` p`kgl icf pglgfigs
F F
_ctginùf `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc (i`ftr` scor` `l `h` dçqunfg)
Gitnvginùf bufinùf GBLCHGDN@F[C GBLCHGDN@F[C igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl (p`kgl pnsgkc) 92
Q`kgl K`sgitnvginùf bufinùf GBLCHGDN@F[C igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl (p`kgl k`hgkc)
Luz k` gvnsc rchg 9=
Glgrdg dctcr y snst`dg kngmfùstnic dctcr
G[@FINÙF
G[@FINÙF Kurgft` lg bgs` pr`vng g lg pu`stg `f dgrieg (icf snst`dg k` icftrcl KDY gpgmgkc), `l t`stnmc rchc r`b. 9=
p`rdnt` icdprcogr icdprcogr sn lg dçqunfg `stç lnstg pgrg `l usc. @f igsc k` `fi`fknkc k` `stg luz, `fin`fk` `fin`fk` `l KDY, v`rnqu` y `lndnf` iuglqun`r prcol`dg s`÷glgkc, lu`mc gpgmu` `l KDY y pcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr.
Yn `l KDY fc bufincfg y `l t`stnmc rchc s` `fin`fk`, pr`sncf` `l octùf r`b. 9= y gfct` lg s`iu`fing k` pgrpgk`cs icrr`spcf pgrpgk`cs icrr`spcfkn`ft` kn`ft` gl prcol`dg (vîgs` s`iiinùf @). Ptnlni` `stg nfbcrdginùf pgrg pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i y r`sclv`r `l nficfv`fn`ft`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?7/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?7 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf In`rr` `l`d`ftc sup`rncr dçstnl `f pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`
95
Y`l`itcr (cptncfgl)
Qcsninùf f`utrg
Glnf`gdn`ftc `l`d`ftc sup`rncr icf `l`d`ftc i`ftrgl dçstnl
K`sgitnvginùf snst`dg k` `xtrgiinùf gutcdçtnig ogrr`fg H`gf-Lutz 9>
Y`l`itcr (cptncfgl) Gitnvginùf snst`dg k` `xtrgiinùf gutcdçtnig ogrr`fg H`gf-Lutz
;1
Qct`fincd`trc (cpincfgl)
Ghust` `xtrgiinùf gutcdçtnig ogrr`fg
K`sgitnvginùf `xtrgiinùf gutcdçtnig ogrr`fg ;7
Y`l`itcr (cptncfgl) Gitnvginùf `xtrgiinùf gutcdçtnig ogrr`fg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7??/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
[GOL@_CY K@ DGFKC ^ ICF[_CL K_NLLNFM DG[@ Y^Y[@D @l pgf`l k` icftrcl dultnbufincf`s `s `l øfnic snst`dg k` icftrcl nfstglgkc scor` lg dçqunfg Y_-91 `qunpgkg icf snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d. @stg pgftgllg tçitnl nfstglgkg `f `l pu`stc k` dgfkc du`strg tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs g lcs prnfinpgl`s icdpcf`ft`s y snst`dgs k` lg dçqunfg y p`rdnt` gl cp`rgkcr icftrclgr `l bufincfgdn`ftc icrr`itc k` lg dçqunfg y prcmrgdgr lcs pgrçd`trcs k` trgoghc f`i`sgrncs.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl bufincfgdn`ftc
y usc k`l snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d, egmg r`b`r`fing gl r`lgtnvc dgfugl qu` s` gkhuftg g
lg kciud`ftginùf k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?9/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?9 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
[GOL@_C K@ DGFKC YPQ@_NC_
;
7 Qcs.
?
K`fcdnfginùf
0
2
9 Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
7
Luz k` s`rvninc
Nludnfginùf pu`stc k` dgfkc
?
Nft`rruptcr
@fi`fknkc/gpgmgdn`ftc lui`s k` s`rvninc
9
Luz k` crn`ftgol`
s`rvninc
Nludnfginùf pu`stc k` dgfkc
Gitnvginùf lndpng/lgvg-pgrgornsgs k`lgft`rc
;
Nft`rruptcr/octùf
Gitnvginùf `l`itrcocdog lgvg-pgrgornsgs (Nft`rruptcr dgft`fnkc gpr`tgkc)
K`sgitnvginùf lndpng/lgvg-pgrgornsgs k`lgft`rc
0
Nft`rruptcr/octùf
Gitnvginùf lndpng/lgvg-pgrgornsgs sup`rncr
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf Gitnvginùf `l`itrcocdog lgvg-pgrgornsgs (Nft`rruptcr dgft`fnkc gpr`tgkc)
0
Nft`rruptcr/octùf K`sgitnvginùf lndpng/lgvg-pgrgornsgs sup`rncr
@fi`fknkc lui`s k` trgoghc 2
Nft`rruptcr Gpgmgdn`ftc lui`s k` trgoghc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?0/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?0 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
DGFKCY G OC_KC DÇWPNFG
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?2/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?2 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
7
9 ;
?
0 2
=
5
@spginc fc utnlnzgkc
@spginc fc utnlnzgkc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
Y`l`iinùf icfmurginùf - v`rsnùf J`lly
7
Y`l`itcr Y`l`iinùf icfmurginùf - v`rsnùf Ogrr`fg
Icftnfug (IBG)
Icf`xnùf g lg r`k k`l icknigkcr k` icftrcl
rctginùf tcrr`tg
Y`l`itcr k` llgv` ?
Qcsninùf f`utrg
NDQC_[GF[@ (*) K`sicf`xnùf k` lg r`k k`l icknigkcr k`
icftrcl rctginùf tcrr`tg
Icf`xnùf g lg r`k k`l icknigkcr k` icftrcl
k`l prcbufkäd`trc
Y`l`itcr k` llgv` 9
Qcsninùf f`utrg
NDQC_[GF[@ (*)
K`sicf`xnùf k` lg r`k k`l icknigkcr k`
icftrcl k`l prcbufkäd`trc
NDQC_[GF[@ (*) Lcs s`l`itcr`s k` llgv` nfstglgkcs scor` lcs icknigkcr`s k` lg dçqunfg y usgkcs pgrg lg k`sicf`xnùf k` lg r`k y `l oypgss k` lcs dnsdcs icknigkcr`s k`o`f dgft`f`rs` `f lg pcsninùf “1— (icfkninùf fcrdgl k`
lg r`k) kurgft` `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg. Iuglqun`r nft`rv`finùf k`l usugrnc scor` `stcs s`l`itcr`s sclc `s pcsnol` oghc lg sup`rvnsnùf k` lcs
tîifnics Ycnld`i.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?5/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?5 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Dcvndn`ftc
Bufinùf
;
Octùf
Gitnvginùf `l`itrcocdog gogst`indn`ftc igrourgft`
0
Octùf
Gitnvginùf `l`itrcocdog gogst`indn`ftc gi`nt` enkrgulnic
Ogt`rägs k`sgitnvgkgs 2
Nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl Ogt`rägs gitnvgkgs
=
5
_`mulgkcr
Qglgfig (cpincfgl, pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng icf igdonc)
_`mulginùf v`lcinkgk k` k`sgrrcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl (gtcrfnllgfkc `l r`mulgkcr lg v`lcinkgk gud`ftg)
Ynst`dg enkrçulnic ghustgkc pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng icf igdonc
Ynst`dg enkrçulnic ghustgkc pgrg d`sg rctgtcrng snf igdonc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7?>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ?> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C _@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y DNI_CNF[@__PQ[ C_@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y @Y[ÇFKG_ Q@LNM_C [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` qu` `stçf `f
Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s y/c
icfknincf`s k` gv`räg lcs nft`rruptcr nft`rruptcr`s `s y/c lcs k`t`itcr`s, `xpcf` gl cp`rgkcr y g lgs p`rscfgs qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf i`rig k` lg dçqunfg g mrgv`s rn`smcs
uf oy-pgss `f fnfmøf igsc. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` p`rscfgs
k` l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s.
`stgs r`mlgs k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
k`t`itcr`s kg÷gkcs, fc lcs k`sgrr`ml` c l`s gplnqu`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
791/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 91 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
?
7
; 9
0 2
@spginc fc utnlnzgkc
=
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
797/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 97 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Bufinùf
7
Dnircnft`rruptcr k` octùf
Icftrcl pcsninùf pglgfig k` egonlntginùf dgfkcs
?
Dnircnft`rruptcr k` octùf
Icftrcl pr`s`fing cp`rgkcr `f pcsninùf “Y@F[GKG— “Y@F[GKG—
9
Dnircnft`rruttcr` k` pglgfig icf ru`k`inllg
Icftrcl lädnt` dçx. k` `frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
;
Dnircnft`rruptcr k` octùf
Icftrcl lädnt` dçx. k` `frcllgdn`ftc igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
0
Dnircnft`rruttcr` k` pglgfig icf ru`k`inllg
Icftrcl lädnt` dçx. k` oghgkg orgzc dçstnl
2
Dnircnft`rruptcr k` octùf
Icftrcl lädnt` dçx. k` nfilnfginùf dçstnl g lg nzqun`rkg
=
Dnircnft`rruptcr k` octùf
Icftrcl lädnt` dçx. k` nfilnfginùf dçstnl g lg k`r`ieg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
79?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 9? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
DNI_CNF[@__PQ[C_@Y ^ Y@FYC_@Y - K_NLLNFM DG[@ Y^Y[@D Q@LNM_C [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` qu` `stçf `f
Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s y/c
icfknincf`s k` gv`räg
lcs nft`rruptc nft`rruptcr`s r`s y/c lcs
uf oy-pgss `f fnfmøf igsc. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I
k`t`itcr`s, `xpcf` cp`rgkcr y g lgs p`rscfgs qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf i`rigglk` lg dçqunfg g mrgv`s rn`smcs
k`ilnfg iuglqun`r pcr kg÷cs k` g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs r`spcfsgonlnkgk k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k`onkcs
k` l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s.
`stgs r`mlgs k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
k`t`itcr`s kg÷gkcs, fc lcs k`sgrr`ml` c l`s gplnqu`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
799/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 99 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`sirnpinùf
7
Y`fscr r`v `vcl clui uinncf`s d`sg rctgtcr crnng
?
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr pr pr`s `snù nùf f br br`f `fc c k` rc rctg tgiinù nùf f tc tcrr rr`t `tg g
9
Icknigkcr rctginùf tcrr`tg (cpincfgl)
;
Icknigkcr glnf`gdn`ftc dçstnl (cpincfgl)
0
Qrcbufkäd`trc igor`stgft` prnfinpgl icf icknigkcr
2
Iîlu Iî lulg lg k` ig igrm rmg g igo igor` r`st stgf gft` t` prn prnfi finp npgl gl (c (cpi pinc ncfg fgl) l)
=
Nfilnfùd`trc
5
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr pr` pr`sn snùf ùf k` k` trgo trgogh ghc c igor igor`s `stg tgft ft` ` prnf prnfin inpg pgll
>
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr pr pr`s `snù nùf f k` k` trg trgog oghc hc ig igor or`s `stg tgft ft` ` gux guxnlnlnngr
71
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr pr` pr`sn snùf ùf k` trg trgog oghc hc ig igor or`s `stgf tgft` t` pu pullll-k -kcw cwf f (cpi (cpinc ncfgl fgl))
77
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr pr pr`s `snù nùf f k` tr trgo gogh ghc c d` d`sg sg rc rctg tgtc tcrn rng g
7?
K`t`itcr pr pr`snùf k` k` trg trgo oghc pn pnlctcs
79
K`t`itcr pr`snùf ocdog 7
7;
K`t`itcr pr`snùf ocdog ?
70
K`t`itcr pr`snùf ocdog 9
72
[rgfskuitcr t`d t`dp`rgtu turrg gd gdon`ft ft` `
7=
K`t` K` t`it itcr cr t`d t`dp` p`rg rgtu turg rg gi` gi`nt nt` ` d`sg d`sg rct rctgt gtcr crng ng
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
79;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 9; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
K@[@I[C_@Y K@ GFCDGLÄGY K@ BPFINCFGDN@F[C G[@FINÙF [ckcs lcs k`t`itcr`s intgkcs g icftnfuginùf
G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` qu` `stçf `f
trgfsdnt`f ufg s`÷gl g lgs lui`s k` gvnsc k`l tgol`rc
icfknincf`s k` gv`räg lcs k`t`itcr`s `xpcf` gl rn`smc
k` icftrcl. @f `l igsc `fk`o`rç qu` s` egi`r `fin`fkg luz k` gvnsc, lc prnd`rc qu` s` s`rçufg icftrclgr
k` ir`gr ufqu` mrgv` kg÷c g prckuinr lg dçqunfg. Lgssntuginùf pcsnol`s gfcdglägs s` pu`kgf `f `stg snt uginùf
qu` lg icf`xnùf s`g icrr`itg icrr`it g c qu` egyg uf prcogol` kg÷c gl k`t`itcr, pgrg k` `stg dgf`rg t`f`r lg i`rt`zg k` qu` lg gfcdgläg prcv`fmg k` ctrg bu`ft`.
fc s`rçf s`÷glnzgkgs. Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs k`t`itcr`s kg÷gkcs c k`sicf`itgkcs. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s
`f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` `l usc k` k`t`itcr`s kg÷gkcs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
790/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 90 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
7
?
9
;
2 0
=
5
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
792/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 92 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
>
@spginc fc utnlnzgkc
71
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
Yndoclcmäg
Y`÷glnzginùf
7
Qr`scstgtc
?
_`lî k` däfndc vcltgh`
Nfsuin`ft` r`igrmg ogt`rägs pcr `l glt`rfgkcr
9
[`rdcstgtc
Ycor`igl`ftgdn`ftc d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` dctcr kn`s`l
Nfsuin`ft` Nfsuin`ft ` pr`snùf gi`nt` luornigft` dctcr kn`s`l
_`s`rvg k`pùsntc igrourgft` (fnv`l däfndc) ;
Ycfkg k` fnv`l
0
Qr`scstgtc
Costruiinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr` dctcr kn`s`l
2
Nfknigkcr k` costruiinùf
Costruiinùf `l`d`ftcs ltrgft`s ltrc k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic
=
Ycfkg k` fnv`l
Qgrgkg `l`itrcocdog gl gligfi` k`l fnv`l dçx. kurgft` gogst`indn`ftc
Nfsuin`ft` Nfsuin`ft ` fnv`l k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic `f `l k`pùsntc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
79=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 9= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DGFKCY @ NFY[_PD@F[CY @YQG×CL
Qcs.
K`fcdnfginùf
5
Ycfkg tîrdnig
>
Qr`scstgtc
71
Nft`rruptcr k` uhc
Yndoclcmäg
Y`÷glnzginùf
Ycor`igl`ftgdn`ftc gi`nt` enkrçulnic `f `l k`pùsntc
Costruiinùf ltrc k` gi`nt` snst`dg k` luorniginùf d`sg
rctgtcrng
Oghg pr`snùf snst`dg k` luorniginùf d`sg rctgtcrng
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
795/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 95 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc `b`itugr pru`ogs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg, snf ego`r icfsultgkc gft`s `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl y ego`r bgdnlngrnzgkc icf lcs dgfkcs. Lgs icrr`itgs d`tckclcmägs k` `dpl`c y lgs dgfncorgs fc icfs`ftnkgs k`o`f s`r gfglnzgkgs y icdpr`fknkgs icf `l f k` `vntgr pcsnol`s kg÷cs mrgv`s g p`rscfgs
c g icsgs. Q@LNM_C Lg nficludnkgk k`l cp`rgkcr y k` lgs p`rscfgs i`rigfgs g lg dçqunfg k`p`fk` k` lg igpginkgk k` huninc y k` pruk`fing k`l dnsdc cp`rgkcr. @s f`i`sgrnc pcr lc tgftc qu` îl qu` s` gpr`stg g dgfncorgr lg dçqunfg icfczig p`rb`itgd`ft` lg pcsninùf y lg bufinùf `sp`iäi `sp`iäig g k` tckcs lcs dgfkcs (`stçfkgr y/u cpincfgl`s).
@st` igpätulc prcpcrincfg tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl gii`sc g lg dçqunfg, g lg pu`stg `f dgrieg, g lg trgslginùf y g lg pgrgkg k`l dctcr kn`s`l. @l igrçit`r s`iu`fingl k` lgs dgfncorgs p`rdntnrç gl cp`rgkcr bgdnlngrnzgr nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf lcs prci`kndn`ftcs qu` s` r`p`tnrçf icfstgft`d`ft` `f lg pgrt` sui`snvg k`l dgfugl, `f pgrtniulgr kurgft` `l dcftgh` y lg utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
79>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 9> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GII@YC GL QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF -
Q@LNM_C Yuog y ogh` k` lg dçqunfg sclc pcr lcs puftcs
Q@LNM_C Qgrg pck`r gii`k`r gl icdpgrtndn`ftc cp`rgkcr,
kcfk` `stçf pr`vnstcs p`lkg÷cs, dgfnllgs y/c
g lcs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf y `v`ftugld`ft` pgrg
ogrgfknllgs. Icftrcl`, y iugfkc `s f`i`sgrnc lndpn` y egmg
gligfzgr lg plgtgbcrdg k` pgsc, `s f`i`sgrnc utnlnzgr `xilusnvgd`ft` lcs knspcsntnvcs hcs y dùvnl`s
r`pgrgr lcs p`lkg÷cs y lgs dgfnllgs gft`s k`
gplnigkcs g lg dçqunfg.
suonr c oghgr k` lg dçqunfg. Iugfkc s` suo` c s` oghg k` lg dçqunfg eçmglc dnrgfkc eging `llg. Dgft`fmg tr`s puftcs puftcs k` k` icftgitc icftgitc icf lcs
Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk ndpcsnonlnkgk k` utnlnzgr lcs knspcsntnvcs knspcsntnvcs hcs
p`lkg÷cs y lgs lgs dgfnllgs, tr`s puftcs puftcs k` icftgitc icftgitc snmfnig kcs pn`s y ufg dgfc c uf pn` y kcs
dgfcs. -
Fc suog c ogh` k` lg dçqunfg `f dcvndn`ftc.
-
Fc sglt` k` lg dçqunfg. Fc nft`ft` suonr c oghgr k` lg dçqunfg trgfspcrtgfkc e`rrgdn`ftgs u ctrgs icsgs. Fc us` lcs dgfkcs icdc dgfnllg iugfkc s` `ftrg c s` sgl` k` lg igonfg.
-
k` lg dçqunfg, utnlni` `sigl`rgs y/c plgtgbcrdgs icf p`lkg÷cs s`møf lgs fcrdgs vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k`
utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Q@LNM_C Lndpn` nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs p`lkg÷cs, sn`dpr` qu` egyg pr`s`fing k` ogrrc, gi`nt`, mrgsg c fn`v`
qu` pckrägf lndntgr fctgol`d`ft` lg gke`r`fing k`l iglzgkc icf `l icfsnmun`ft` rn`smc k` igäkgs. Ptnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` iglzgkc s`møf lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k`
utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;1/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;1 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
Qgrg gii`k`r gl pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf G, g lcs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf O c g lg plgtgbcrdg k` pgsc I, utnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` `xilusnvgd`f t` lcs knspcsntnvcs hcs y dùvnl`s gplnigkcs
g lg dçqunfg. Lg tgolg snmun`ft` nfknig su bufinùf `sp`iäig8
Qcs. 7 ? 9 ; 0 2
K`sirnpinùf @strnocs pl`mgol`s Dgfnllg Dgfnllg Xcfg k` pgsc crumgs @sigl`rg k`sdcftgol` Xcfg k` pgsc tcrr`tg
Bufinùf Gii`sc g lg igonfg y g lgs zcfgs k` pgsc k` lgs crumgs Ycpcrt` pgrg suonr g lg igonfg Ycpcrt` pgrg sglnr k` lg igonfg Gii`sc g lcs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf y g lg `sigl`rg k`sdcftgol` Gii`sc g lg plgtgbcrdg k` pgsc Gii`sc g lg pgrt` sup`rncr k` lg tcrr`tg
ICLCIGINÙF K@ LCY @Y[_NOCY QL@MGOL@Y Q@LNM_C Lndpn` nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs p`lkg÷cs, sn`dpr` qu` egyg pr`s`fing k` ogrrc, gi`nt`, mrgsg c fn`v`
qu` pckrägf lndntgr fctgol`d`ft` lg gke`r`fing k`l iglzgkc icf `l icfsnmun`ft` rn`smc k` igäkgs. Ptnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` iglzgkc s`møf lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k`
utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` lcs knspcsntnvcs k` suonkg k`
lg dçqunfg pgrg gii`k`r icf s`murnkgk g lg igonfg, g lgs tgpgk`rgs k` nfsp`iinùf y g lgs zcfgs k` pgsc k` lg tcrr`tg. @stç prcenonkc suonrs` g ctrgs zcfgs k` lg dçqunfg sn fc `s utnlnzgfkc `sigl`rgs icfbcrd`s g lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f
`l Qgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Lcs `strnocs k` suonkg G k` tnpc pl`mgol` p`rdnt`f lndntgr gl dçxndc `l `spginc ciupgkc pcr lg dçqunfg `f bgs` k` trgfspcrt`. Iugfkc lg dçqunfg `stç iclcigkg `f icfmurginùf
k` trgoghc, lcs `strnocs G k`o`f s`r colnmgtcrngd`ft` gon`rtcs. Ynmg lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Gli` lnm`rgd`ft` y mnr` `l `strnoc G eging `l `xt`rncr
G
-
pgrg pck`r suonr g lg igonfg. Mnr` `l `strnoc eging `l nft`rncr pgrg i`rrgrlc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;7/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;7 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GQ@_[P_G / IN@__@ K@ LG QP@_[G G[@FINÙF Igkg v`z qu` s` gogfkcfg lg igonfg, nfilusc pcr or`v`s p`rnckcs, in`rr` icf llgv` lg pu`rtg pgrg `vntgr qu` p`rscfgs `xtrg÷gs y fc gutcrnzgkgs pu`kgf gii`k`r g lcs dgfkcs.
Lg pu`rtg `stç kctgkg `xt`rncrd`ft` k` ufg dgfnllg G icf i`rrgkurg icf llgv`. @f `l nft`rncr lg gp`rturg `s icftrclgkg pcr lg pglgfig O.
G
O
OLCWP@C K@ LG QP@_[G K@YK@ @L @U[@_NC_ @f `l `xt`rncr, lg pu`rtg `stç kctgkg k` uf knspcsntnvc k` olcqu`c I qu` p`rdnt` dgft`f`rlg icdpl`tgd`ft` gon`rtg sn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc gud`ftgr lg vnsnonlnkgk `xt`rfg c gnr`gr `l nft`rncr k` lg igonfg. Qgrg k`solcqu`gr `l knspcsntnvc `s f`i`sgrnc mnrgr `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc c gftnecrgrnc `l pcdc K.
I
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
_@MPLGINÙF K@L GYN@F[C Q@LNM_C Lg pcsninùf icrr`itg k`l cp`rgkcr c k` ufg p`rscfg gutcrnzgkg `f `l gsn`ftc k`o` s`r icdprcogkg gft`s
I
O
G
k` `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg. Qru`o` sn`dpr`y lgs pcf`r knstgfings k` gitnvginùf k` lcs dgfnpulgkcr`s k` lcs p`kgl`s gufqu` sn s` gogfkcfg lg dçqunfg pcr uf p`rnckc or`v`. @l nfiudplndn`f nfiudplndn`ftc tc k` `stg
fcrdg `l`d`ftgl k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs mrgv`s sn fc s` `b`itøgf icrr`itgd`ft` y
icdpl`tgd`ft` lgs giincf`s k` lcs dgfkcs.
K
@l gsn`ftc `stç prcvnstc k` knspcsntnvcs k` r`mulginùf qu` p`rdnt`f cptndnzgr tgftc lg knstgfing k` lgs pglgfigs k` dgfkc y k` lcs p`kgl`s icdc lg icrr`itg pcsninùf `rmcfùdnig k`l cp`rgkcr `f bufinùf k` su tgllg y p`sc.
@
Lg tgolg snmun`ft` nfknig lg bufinùf k` igkg `l`d`ftc k` r`mulginùf8
Qcs. G
K`fcdnfginùf Qglgfig
O
Qcdc
I K
Qglgfig Dgfnllg
@
Qcdc
Bufinùf _`mulginùf nf nfilnfginùf r`spglkc _`mulginùf susp`fsnùf gsn`ftc _`mulginùf glturg gsn`ftc _`mulginùf knstgfing p`kgl`s _`mulginùf nfilnfginùf orgzcs G
K @
I
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;9/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;9 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
_@MPLGINÙF K@ LCY @YQ@HCY _@[_CRNYC_@Y Q@LNM_C Lgs knd`fsncf`s k` lg dçqunfg fc icfsn`ft`f ufg vnsnonlnkgk p`rb`itg scor` tckc `f `l lgkc k`r`iec
dçqunfg. cp`rgkcr k`o` p`knr lg gyukg k` lg p`rscfgl g @l tn`rrg pgrg pck`r prci`k`r icf s`murnkgk kurgft` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` trgslginùf y/c iclciginùf.
G
Gft`s k` lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k` lg dçqunfg, `s f`i`sgrnc r`mulgr y lndpngr lcs `sp`hcs r`trcvnscr`s O-I `f dgf`rg k` t`f`r ufg ou`fg vnsnonlnkgk. Fc `b`itø` fnfmufg trgslginùf y/c iclciginùf k` lg dçqunfg icf `sp`hcs fc iclcigkcs icrr`itgd`ft` c suincs. @l `sp`hc r`trcvnscr G s` utnlnzg pgrg icftrclgr `l icrr`itc `frcllc k`l igol` `f `l tgdocr k` lcs igor`stgft`s.
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GI[NRGINÙF IGL@BGIINÙF/ILNDG[NXGINÙF
M E
G
N
@f lg igonfg k` dgfkc y icftrcl, `f `l nft`rncr k`l eu`ic k`l gsn`ftc, `stç nfstglgkc uf mrupc k` igl`bgiinùf / ilndgtnzginùf G qu` p`rdnt` cptndnzgr lg t`dp`rgturg icf `l vgrngr k` lgs icfknincf`s gtdcsbîrnigs.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;0/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;0 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
Qgrg gitnvgr lg IGL@BGIINÙF, snmg lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Gii`kg g lcs icdpgrtndn`ftcs `f `l lgkc nzqun`rkc k` lg dçqunfg. - Icdpru`o` qu` lcs mrnbcs O-I `stîf icdpl`tgd`ft` gon`rtcs. - Gitnv` `l snst`dg mnrgfkc `l s`l`itcr K `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc. - Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ eging goghc. - Y`l`iincf` ufg k` lgs tr`s v`lcinkgk`s k`l v`ftnlgkcr mnrgfkc `l s`l`itcr B. - Knrnhg `l iecrrc k` gnr` igln`ft` r`mulgfkc lg pcsninùf k` lgs r`hnllgs M-E-N.
O
Qgrg gitnvgr `l ILNDG[NXGKC_, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Gii`kg gl icdpgrtndn`ftc i`ftrgl trgs`rc. - Icdpru`o` qu` lcs mrnbcs O-I `stîf i`rrgkcs. - Gitnv` `l snst`dg mnrgfkc `l s`l`itcr K `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc. - Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ eging grrnog. -
I
Y`l`iincf` ufg k` lgs mnrgfkc `l s`l`itcr B. tr`s v`lcinkgk`s k`l v`ftnlgkcr Knrnhg `l iecrrc k` gnr` bräc r`mulgfkc lg pcsninùf k` lgs r`hnllgs M-E-N.
G[@FINÙF Lcs mrnbcs I-K p`rdnt`f icftrclgr `l uhc k` lg
d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc k`l dctcr kn`s`l `f lg nkg y `f lg vu`ltg k`l rgkngkcr. @f bufinùf k`l usc k`s`gkc, k`s`g kc,
`s k`inr igl`bgiinùf c gnr` gicfknincfgkc, lcs mrnbcs I-K tn`f`f qu` `stgr colnmgtcrngd`ft` GON@_[CY c I@__GKCY.
K
@
B
GQ@_[P_G K@L I_NY[GL K@LGF[@_C @l irnstgl k`lgft`rc k` lg igonfg s` gor` eging `l `xt`rncr. Mnr` lg dgfnllg G `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc pgrg k`solcqu`gr `l in`rr` y gornr `l irnstgl: mnr` lg dgfnllg `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc pgrg olcqu`gr k` fu`vc `l irnstgl `f pcsninùf i`rrgkg.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;2/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;2 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
@U[_GIINÙF K@ LGY IC_[NFGY QG_GYCL @l irnstgl sup`rncr `stç kctgkc k` ufg icrtnfg pgrgscl G k`l tnpc “`sicfknkg—. Qgrg `xtrg`rlg `s f`i`sgrnc tnrgr k` lg dgfnllg eging lg pcsninùf O egstg qu` sglmg icdpl`tgd`ft` y olcqu`grlg `f sus mgfiecs `sp`ingl`s. Gl scltgr lg icrtnfg, îstg k`o`rç s`r gicdpg÷gkg g lg pcsninùf k` in`rr` icf lgs dgfcs.
G
O GOGFKCFC K@ LG IGONFG K@ PFG YGLNKG GL[@_FG[NRG @l irnstgl k`lgft`rc I y `l irnstgl trgs`rc K pu`k`f s`r utnlnzgkcs icdc sglnkgs glt`rfgtnvgs `f sntugincf`s k` `d`rm`fing (`h. vu`lic lgt`rgl k` lg dçqunfg) qu` fc p`rdnt`f sglnr k` lg pu`rtg @. @l irnstglc, Isn pu`k` s`r pcsnol` gon`rtc d`kngft` lg `sp`ingl dgfnllg fc bu`rg egi`rlc rçpnkgd`ft`, rcdpnîfkclc.
K I
@
_@IPQ@_GINÙF K@ LGY LLGR@Y K@ Y@_RNINC Q@LNM_C Fc k`h` fufig y `f fnfmøf igsc lgs llgv`s k` s`rvninc `f lcs r`sp`itnvcs icfdutgkcr`s y/c s`l`itcr`s, nfilusc `f pgrgkgs k` or`v` kurginùf.
B
@l nfiudplndn`ftc k` `stg fcrdg `l`d`ftgl k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs mrgv`s, sn
gii`k`f g lcs dgfkcs k` lg dçqunfg p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs c nficdp`t`ft`s. G lg `ftr`mg, lg dçqunfg `stç kctgkg k` uf pgr k` tckgs lgs llgv`s utnlnzgkgs icdc s` nfknig `f lg lnstg g icftnfuginùf8 -
Llgv`s icfdutgkcr k` grrgfqu` dctcr Llgv`s i`rrgkurg pu`rtg igonfg Llgv`s i`rrgkurgs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf tcrr`tg
@l dgfchc k` llgv`s B `stç iclcigkc `f `l eu`ic pcrtgkciud`ftcs M `f bgs` k` trgfspcrt` y gft`s k` lg `xp`kninùf k` lg dçqunfg. Y` `figrmg `l r`spcfsgol` k` lg dçqunfg k` knstrnounr lgs llgv`s `xilusnvgd`ft` g lgs p`rscfgs nft`r`sgkgs.
M
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GII@YC G LG [C__@[G ^ G LGY XCFGY XCFG Y K@ QGYC NFY[GLGINÙF K@ LG @YIGL@_G K@YDCF[GOL@ Q@LNM_C
G
Lndpn` nfd`kngtgd`ft` lg `sigl`rg, sn`dpr` qu` egyg pr`s`fing k` ogrrc, gi`nt`, mrgsg c fn`v` qu` pckrägf lndntgr fctgol`d`ft` lg gke`r`fing k`l iglzgkc icf `l icfsnmun`ft` rn`smc k` igäkgs. Ptnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` iglzgkc s`møf lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k`
utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` lcs knspcsntnvcs k` suonkg k`
lg dçqunfg pgrg gii`k`r icf s`murnkgk g lg igonfg, g lgs tgpgk`rgs k` nfsp`iinùf y g lgs zcfgs k` pgsc k` lg tcrr`tg. @stç prcenonkc suonrs` g ctrgs zcfgs k` lg dçqunfg sn fc `s utnlnzgfkc `sigl`rgs icfbcrd`s g
O
lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f
`l Qgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg. Icf lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`, lg
`sigl`rg k`sdcftgol` G `stç iclcigkg `f su glchgdn`ftc k`trçs k` lg igonfg k` icfkuiinùf. Iugfkc s` iclcig lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k`
trgoghc, y, `f iuglqun`r igsc, igkg v`z qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc gii`k`r g lgs zcfgs k` pgsc k` lg tcrr`tg, lg `sigl`rg k`o`rç s`r nfstglgkg `f pcsninùf icrr`itg. Ynmg lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - @xtrgnmg lg `sigl`rg G k` su glchgdn`ftc. - Wunt` lgs ilgvnhgs O y lcs p`rfcs I. - Iclcqu` lg `sigl`rg G. - Ru`lvg g pcf`r y gpr`tgr lcs p`rfcs I y lgs ilgvnhgs O. Lg `sigl`rg G pu`k` s`r vcligkg eging grrnog pgrg pck`r gii`k`r gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf k`oghc k` lg dnsdg.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;5/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;5 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GQ@_[P_G K@ LCY IGQÙY K@ NFYQ@IINÙF Q@LNM_C In`rr` icf llgv` y sn`dpr` tckcs lcs igpùs y lg pu`rtg, gufqu` sn pr`vî ufg gus`fing k` or`v` kurginùf. Fc k`h` `f fnfmøf igsck` lgs`stg llgv`s `f lgs i`rrgkurgs. Lg bgltg k` r`sp`tc fcrdg `l`d`ftgl k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs mrgv`s, sn p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs ` nficdp`t`ft`s
gii`k`f g lcs dgfkcs k` lg dçqunfg yg s`g `f lg igonfg icdc g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg. Lcs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf `stçf kctgkcs k` ufg dgfnllg G icf i`rrgkurg icf llgv`. Qgrg gornr `s f`i`sgrnc nftrckuinr lg llgv`, mnrgrlg y gpr`tgr `l octùf. Y` gicfs`hg i`rrgr icf llgv` sn`dpr` tckcs lcs igpùs igkg v`z qu` s` gogfkcfg lg dçqunfg, nfilusc pcr uf p`rnckc or`v`. Lg pr`s`fing k` dgfkcs g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg ir`g lgs dnsdgs icfknincf`s k` p`lnmrc qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf `f `l pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7;>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG ;> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
GF[@Y K@ LG QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG ICF[_CL@Y GF[@Y K@L G__GFWP@ Gft`s k` pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr, nfsp`iincf` lg dçqunfg y lg zcfg glr`k`kcr. @f pgrtniulgr, icftrcl`8 - qu` lg tcrfnll`räg `stî on`f gpr`tgkg, - lg `v`ftugl pr`s`fing k` pîrknkgs k` gi`nt`, icdoustnol` c läqunkc r`brnm`rgft`, - sn lg e`rrgdn`ftg k` p`rbcrginùf `stç kg÷gkg, - qu` lgs icf`xncf`s `lîitrnigs `stîf on`f icf`itgkgs, - qu` `l icl`itcr y `l tuoc k` `sigp` k`l dctcr `stîf gicplgkcs icrr`itgd`ft`, - qu` lgs igk`fgs, lcs pgtnf`s y lgs ru`kgs dctrni`s `stîf `f t`fsnùf, - qu` lgs tgrh`tgs k` gkv`rt`fing y lgs iglicdgfägs s`gf l`mnol`s, - qu` lgs dgfnllgs k` gii`sc g lg igonfg y g lgs zcfgs k` pgsc c `stgincfgdn`ftc k`l cp`rgkcr `stîf lndpngs. @lndnf` nfd`kngtgd`ft` iuglqun`r pîrknkg y trgzg k` mrgsg c gi`nt` y r`pgr` `v`ftugl`s gfcdglägs. Gk`dçs icftrcl` vnsugld`ft`8 - lg nft`mrnkgk k` lcs infturcf`s k` s`murnkgk, -
-
lg `in`fing k` lcs nfstrud`ftcs y k`l tgol`rc k`
dgfkc, lg nft`mrnkgk k` lcs irnstgl`s k` lg igonfg k` icfkuiinùf y `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lcs bgrcs k` trgoghc.
G[@FINÙF ¡_n`smc k` nfi`fknc! Kurgft` `l gogst`indn`ftc `f igrourgft` c gi`nt` fc bud` y fc us` llgdgs lnor`s ln or`s c lçdpgrgs fc ecdclcmgkgs. G[@FINÙF @l gi`nt` usgkc y `l igrourgft` k`rrgdgkc `f `l icdpgrtndn`ftc dctcr i`rig k` icdpcf`ft`s igln`ft`s pu`k`f igusgr uf nfi`fknc y kg÷cs g lg
dçqunfg. @f igsc k` k`rrgdgdn`ftc k` igrourgft` c gi`nt` kurgft` lg bgs` k` gogst`indn`ftc, goscrog nfd`kngtgd`ft` iuglqun`r pîrknkg giink`ftgl. Icdpru`o`p`rnùknigd`ft`y`lndnf`nfd`kngtgd`ft` iuglqun`r pîrknkg. Yn s` fctgf pîrknkgs br`iu`ft`s, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l r`v`fk`k r`v`fk`kcr cr dçs
i`rigfc.
Gft`s k` iuglqun`r cp`rginùf, icdpru`o` `l fnv`l k`l läqunkc r`brnm`rgft`, k`l gi`nt` dctcr y k`l gi`nt` k`l inriuntc enkrçulnic. Gl fgl k`l trgoghc, r`ll`f` lcs
k`pùsntcs pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùf k` icfk`fsginùf y icdpru`o` `l fnv`l `f `l nfknigkcr scor` `l tgol`rc k` dgfkc. Icdpru`o`
t`f`r
ufg
gutcfcdäg
suin`ft`
pgrg
`b`itugr `l trgoghc pr`vnstc. @l k`pùsntc k` igrourgft` tn`f` ufg igpginkgk suin`ft` pgrg mgrgftnzgr g lg
dçqunfg lg gutcfcdäg f`i`sgrng pgrg uf turfc k` trgoghc icdpl`tc. Y` gicfs`hg sn`dpr` lg r`glnzginùf k`l ll`fgkc k` mgsùl`c gl prnfinpnc k`l turfc k` trgoghc. K` `stg dgf`rg s` `vntg `l rn`smc k` ufg pgrgkg bcrzcsg k` lg dçqunfg kurgft` lg `h`iuinùf k` cp`rgincf`s pgrtniulgrd`ft` ndpcrtgft`s.
G[@FINÙF Gl fgl k` lg bgs` k` gogst`indn`ftc, gogst`indn`ftc, vu`lvg iclcigr iclcigr `l tgpùf k`l k`pùsntc y icdpru`o` qu` `l crninc k`
purmg `stî lnor`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
701/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 01 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL QCYNINÙF NF[@__PQ[C_ M@F@_GL ^ Y@L@I[C_@Y K@ Y@_RNINC
G
Gii`kg gl igpù k` k ` nfsp`iinùf G k` lg tcrr`tg y `b`itø` lcs snmun`ft`s icftrcl`s8
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Icdpru`o` lg pcsninùf k`l nft`rruptcr k` ogt`rägs O. Lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f lg murg icrr`spcfk` g
lg icf ogt`rägs icf`itgkgs.
O
-
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Icdpru`o` qu` `l s`l`itcr I `stî `f lg pcsninùf icrr`itg icrr`spcfkn`ft` g lg t`ifclcmäg k` p`rbcrginùf (j`lly, IBG, `ti..) qu` s` k`o` utnlnzgr.
Ru`lvg g i`rrgr `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
707/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 07 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG K@L DC[C_ KN@Y@L @F ICFKNINCF@Y FC_DGL@Y Q@LNM_C Fc giincf` `l dctcr kn`s`l gllä kcfk` pukn`rg ego`r
Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` `dp`zgr `l prci`kndn`ftc k` pu`stg `f
pr`s`fing k` vgpcr`s k` icdoustnol` icdoustnol`.. @stcs @stcs vgpcr`s pu`k`f s`r gspnrgkcs g trgvîs k` lg nfstglginùf k`
dgrieg, egmg scfgrg tckgs r`p`tnkgd`ft` `l pr`s`ft`s gvnsgkcr giøstnic pgrg gkv`rtnr lgs p`rscfgs
gspnrginùf k`l gnr` y gi`l`rgr c dgfkgr bu`rg k` r`vcluincf`s `l dctcr, lc iugl pu`k` prcvcigr uf nfi`fknc, `xplcsnùf y mrgv`s kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs. Fud`rcscs knspcsntnvcs k` s`murnkgk, icdc lcs knspcsntnvcs k` in`rr` k` lg gspnrginùf k`l gnr`,
`f lgs i`rigfägs k` lg dçqunfg, qu` gsä pckrçf gl`hgrs`.
scf knspcfnol`s pgrg r`kuinr gl däfndc `l rn`smc k` `xplcsncf`s c nfi`fkncs. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I fc pu`k` pr`v`r `l usc y lgs icfknincf` icfknincf`s s gdon`ftgl`s
`f lgs iugl`s cp`rgrç lg dçqunfg. @l Q_CQN@[G_NC y `l CQ@_GKC_ scf r`spcfsgol`s k`l usc s`murc `f uf gdon`ft` ecstnl. Qgrg dçs nfbcrdginùf knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs Ycnld`i.
G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr, dctcr, icdpru`o` qu` `l snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d `stî k`sgitnvgkc (s`l`itcr G `f pcsninùf ―1„).
Lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr icf `l snst`dg Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d gitnvgkc pckräg kg÷gr `l dnsdc
snst`dg.
@ -
Nftrckuzig lg llgv` O `f `l icfdutgkcr I. Mnr` lg llgv` O k` lg pcsninùf CBB `f lg pcsninùf CF. Icdpru`o` qu` lg pglgfig k`l gi`l`rgkcr K `stî `f lg pcsninùf DNF. Mnr` lg llgv` `f lg pcsninùf Y[G_[ y dgftîfmglg `f `stg pcsninùf egstg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr (dçx 91 s`mufkcs). K`spuîs k` lg pu`stg `f dgrieg, icdpru`o` qu` lg luz k` gvnsc @ s` gpgmu`.
G I
O
G[@FINÙF Yn lg luz k` gvnsc @ qu`kg `fi`fknkg, mnr` `l s`l`itcr
G y `fin`fkg `l snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d. Icfsult` `l r`lgtnvc dgfugl pgrg ousigr `l iùknmc k` lg gfcdgläg s`÷glgkg y k`inknr sn pgrgr `l dctcr
nfd`kngtgd`ft` c s`munr trgoghgfkc y `lndnfgr lg gfcdgläg `f uf s`mufkc tn`dpc.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
70?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 0? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
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@fin`fkg `l snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d (s`l`itcr G `f pcsninùf “N—) y gii`kg g lg pçmnfg k` icftrcl k`l dctcr.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d, egmgglr`b`r`fing gl
K
dgfugl `sp`iäic qu` s` gkhuftg g lg kciud`ftginùf
tîifnig k` lg dçqunfg. -
Gitø` scor` lg pglgfig K egstg gligfzgr uf rîmnd`f k` 7111 r.p.d. gprcxndgkgd`ft`. Dgft`fmg lg pglgfig K `f icfkninùf k` däfndc pcr ufcs 9-0 dnfutcs gft`s k` giincfgr `l dctcr oghc igrmg. Icftrcl` icfstgft`d`ft` `l iu`ftgrr`vcluincf`s B pgrg `vglugr `l icrr`itc bufincfgdn`ftc k`l dctcr. D`kngft` `l t`rdùd`trc M icftrcl` `l gud`ftc k` lg t`dp`rgturg k`l läqunkc r`brnm`rgft` qu` g rîmnd`f k`o` s`r 51/>1±I y pu`k` gligfzgr uf lädnt` dçxndc k` 7?1±I.
B M
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `vntgr kg÷gr `l dctcr k` `fi`fknkc fc lc giincf`
dçs k` 91 s`mufkcs. @sp`r` ? dnfutcs `ftr` uf nft`ftc k` `fi`fknkc y ctrc. G[@FINÙF
G[@FINÙF Lg `xi`snvg utnlnzginùf k`l dctcr `f icfknincf`s k` dçxndg gi`l`rginùf g ufg v`lcinkgk nfb`rncr gl rîmnd`f k` pgr dçxndc r`kui` lg kurginùf k`l dctcr egstg lg r`vnsnùf y s` icfsnk`rg uf usc ndprcpnc k`l
dctcr.
Fc egmg mnrgr `l dctcr `f vgiäc pcr p`rnckcs `xi`snvgd`ft` lgrmcs. Q`rnckcs k` dçs k` 71 dnfutcs pu`k`f kg÷gr `l dctcr yg qu` lg t`dp`rgturg
G[@FINÙF Yn s` icdpru`og ufg icfkninùf k` r`igl`ftgdn`ftc,
`f lg içdgrg k` pr`snùf oghg egstg `l puftc qu` `l icdoustnol` fc qu`dg icdpl`tgd`ft`.
r`kuzig lg pct`fing k`l dctcr ll`vgfkc ll`v gfkc lg pglgfig k`l gi`l`rgkcr gl däfndc egstg qu` lg t`dp`rgturg vu`lvg
g lg fcrdgl mgdg k` `h`rininc. Yn lg t`dp`rgturg k`l G[@FINÙF Iugfkc s` `fin`fk` `l dctcr `f bräc, gud`ft`
dctcr fc vu`lv` g lg fcrdglnkgk, gpgmu` `l dctcr.
l`ftgd`ft` lg v`lcinkgk (_@RCLPINCF@Y/DNFP[C)
G[@FINÙF @l bufincfgdn`ftc icftnfugkc icf ufg t`dp`rgturg
k`l dctcr pgrg icfs`ftnr ufg gk`iugkg luorniginùf k` lcs ichnf`t`s y p`rdntnr g lg pr`snùf k`l gi`nt` k` `stgonlnzgrs`.
k`l r`brnm`rgft` nfsuin`ft`, nfb`rncr g 21±I: c icf ufg t`dp`rgturg k`l r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft ` `l`vgkg, pcr `findg k` 711±I pu`k` kg÷gr `l dctcr.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
709/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 09 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
D@KNGF[@ BP@F[@ GPUNLNG_ G[@FINÙF G[@FINÙF @l prci`kndn`ftc k` pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` guxnlngr `s uf prci`kndn`ftc k` `d`rm`fing y, pcr
- Icf`it` sn`dpr` sn`dpr` `ftr` `llcs `l pclc pcsntnvc pcsntnvc k` lg ogt`räg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r (+) icf `l pclc pcsntnvc
lc tgftc, qu` r`glnzgrlc sùlc `fiugftc icfknincf`s r`gl`s k` egy f`i`snkgk. _``stgol`zig gft`s lg bufincfglnkgk k` lgs ogt`rägs nfstglgkgs `f lg dçqunfg pgrgkg.
(+) k` lg ogt`räg k` scicrrc, y `l pclc f`mgtnvc (-) icf `l pclc f`mgtnvc (-). - Qgrg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` guxnlngr, utnlni`
G[@FINÙF - Qgrg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k` `d`rm`fing d`kngft` bu`ft` guxnlngr utnlni` uf icfhuftc k` ogt`rägs c uf v`eäiulc `qunpgkc k` ogt`rägs `qunvgl`ft`s g lgs
nfstglgkgs `f lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r. scicrr`r. - Lgs ogt`rägs prckui`f vgpcr`s nfgdgol`s qu` pu`k`f `xplctgr c igusgr giink`ft`s g lcs
cp`rgkcr`s `f lgs i`rigfägs y g lg dçqunfg. - @vnt` lg bcrdginùf k` ienspgs i`rig k` lgs ogt`rägs pcrqu` pckrägf igusgr lg `xplcsnùf k` lcs mgs`s nfgdgol`s. - @vnt` `l icftgitc k` lcs ocrf`s k` lgs ogt`rägs utnlnzgkgs icdc bu`ft` guxnlngr `ftr` `llcs c icf lg
dçqunfg. - Fc bud` kurgft` `l icftrcl icftrcl k`l fnv`l k`l k`l `l`itrùlntc
k` lgs ogt`rägs. - @l `l`itrùlntc `s uf çinkc qu` pu`k` prcvcigr
l`sncf`s sn `ftrg `f icftgitc icf lg pn`l c icf lcs chcs. - Ll`v` sn`dpr` mgbgs k` prct`iinùf iugfkc s` pcf` `f dgrieg ufg dçqunfg icf ufg bu`ft` guxnlngr. - Pfg pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` guxnlngr nficrr`itg pu`k` igusgr ufg `xplcsnùf icf pcsnonlnkgk k`
l`sncf`s g lcs cp`rgkcr`s `f lgs i`rigfägs k` lg dçqunfg.
sn`dpr` ogt`rägs icf ufg t`fsnùf nmugl g lg k` lgs ogt`rägs nfstglgkgs `f lg dçqunfg. - Gpgmu` tckgs lgs lui`s y lcs lcs gii`scrncs nfstglgkcs `f lg dçqunfg. G[@FINÙF G[@FINÙF - Yn lg ogt`räg k` scicrrc s` `ficftrgs` scor` ctrc v`eäiulc, gs`mør`s` qu` îst` fc `stî `f icftgitc icf lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r pgrg `vntgr kg÷cs g lcs ichnf`t`s k`l dctcr y/c gl inriuntc
`lîitrnic. - Mnr` `l nft`rruptcr y k`sicf`it` k`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs k` lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` guxnlngr. scicrr`r gft`s k` lg pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` - Ogt`rägs k`dgsngkc k`sigrmgkgs fc pu`k`f s`r igrmgkgs pcr `l glt`rfgkcr k` lg dçqunfg k`spuîs k` ufg pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` guxnlngr.
- Lgs ogt`rägs k`o`f s`r r`igrmgkgs icf lg t`fsnùf icrr`itg d`kngft` uf igrmgkcr k` ogt`rägs icf igrgit`rästnigs gprcpngkgs. - Gs`mør`s` qu` lg ogt`räg k` scicrrc t`fmg t`fmg lg dnsdg t`fsnùf k` lg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r. Icdpru`o` lg t`fsnùf k` lgs ogt`rägs nfstglgkgs `f su dçqunfg. Qgrg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg icf bu`ft` guxnlngr,
gs`mør`s` qu` lg t`fsnùf `s lg dnsdg. Pfg t`fsnùf nfb`rncr c sup`rncr pu`k` kg÷gr `l inriuntc `lîitrnic
k` lg dçqunfg. - Yn fc `s pcsnol` pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr icf lgs
GPU U GP
Y[K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
70;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 0; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
-
ogt`rägs nfstglgkgs scor` lg dçqunfg, gpcy` `f `l su`lc `l dçstnl c `v`ftugl`s `qunpcs gii`scrncs. Mnr` `f CBB `l nft`rruptcr k` pu`stg `f dgrieg O k` lg dçqunfg pgrg scicrr`r. Gpgmu`, gk`dçs, tckcs lcs gii`scrncs nfstglgkcs `f `llg. K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs k` lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r. Iclcqu` `l v`eäiulc c `l `qunpgdn`ftc k` scicrrc i`rig k` lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r.
O
G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF @vnt` gosclutgd`ft` qu` lgs dçqunfgs `ftr`f `f
icftgitc `ftr` `llgs. -
-
Qgr` `l dctcr k`l v`eäiulc k` scicrrc. Yn s` `stç utnlnzgfkc ufg bu`ft` k` r`igrmg `xt`rfg, gpçmu`lg. Icdpru`o` qu` lcs tgpcf`s k` lgs ogt`rägs `stîf iclcigkcs icrr`itgd`ft` y on`f gpr`tgkcs. Icdpru`o` qu` lgs ogt`rägs fc `stîf icfm`lgkgs. Icdpru`o` qu` `l fnv`l k`l `l`itrùlntc `f lgs ogt`rägs s`g icrr`itc. Icf`it` `l ocrf` pcsntnvc k`l igol` pu`ft` gl ocrf` pcsntnvc (rchc) k` lg ogt`räg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r.
G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF Icf`it` `l ocrf` pcsntnvc k`l igol` pu`ft` gl ocrf` pcsntnvc k` lg ogt`räg k`sigrmgkg. @vnt`
gosclutgd`ft` qu` `l ocrf` y iuglqun`r ctrg pgrt` d`tçlnig k` lg dçqunfg qu` fc s`g `l ocrf` k` lg ogt`räg `ftr`f `f icftgitc. -
-
Icf`it` lg ctrg `xtr`dnkgk k`l igol` pcsntnvc gl ocrf` pcsntnvc (rchc) k` lg bu`ft` k` scicrrc. Icf`it` `l ocrf` f`mgtnvc k`l igol` pu`ft` gl ocrf` f`mgtnvc k` lg bu`ft` k` scicrrc. Gecrg icf`it` lg ctrg `xtr`dnkgk k`l igol` f`mgtnvc
-
gl ocrf` f`mgtnvc k` lg ogt`räg k`sigrmgkg. @vnt` qu` `l igol` `ftr` `f icftgitc icf lcs igol`s k` lg ogt`räg `lîitrnig, `l snst`dg k` glnd`ftginùf k` icdoustnol`, `l snst`dg enkrçulnic u ctrcs icdpcf`ft`s dùvnl`s. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr k`l v`eäiulc k` scicrrc, c `l snst`dg k` r`igrmg k` k ` lg bu`ft` `lîitrnig guxnlngr.
-
-
-
@sp`r` pcr lc d`fcs kcs dnfutcs gft`s k` nft`ftgr pcf`r `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg pgrgkg. @stc p`rdntnrç g lgs ogt`rägs r`igrmgrs` pgringld`ft`. Qrci`kg icf lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k` lg dçqunfg s`møf `l prci`kndn`ftc `stçfkgr. Hustc k`spuîs k` pcf`rnfd`kngtgd`ft` `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg pgrg scicrr`r, k`sicf`it` lcs igol`s pu`ft` snmun`fkc `l prci`kndn`ftc nfv`rsc. Dgft`fmg `l dctcr `f dgrieg pcr ufcs 91 dnfutcs y pçr`lc s`møf `l prci`kndn`ftc `stçfkgr. Ru`lvg g pcf`r `f dgrieg lg dçqunfg snmun`fkc `l prci`kndn`ftc fcrdgl.
G[@FINÙF @f `l igsc `f qu` lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r nfstgl` uf dctcr Iuddnfs c uf snst`dg k` icftrcl
NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` `f tckc igsc uf icftrcl k` lg nfstglginùf y
Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d (KDY), fc grrgfqu` fufig `l dctcr k`l v`eäiulc k` scicrrc icf `l snst`dg k` icftrcl `fi`fknkc pgrg `vntgr kg÷cs g lg `l`itrùfnig
lg dçqunfg pgrg scicrr`r.
k` m`stnùf k` lg dçqunfg qu` egy qu` scicrr`r.
`v`ftugld`ft` r`igrmu` c sustntuyg lgs ogt`rägs k`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
700/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 00 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
K@YQPÎY K@ LG QP@Y[G @F DG_IEG IGL@F[GDN@F[C K@L DC[C_ KN@Y@L Icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Dgft`fmg `l dctcr g uf rîmnd`f k` trgoghc k` 7111 r.p.d. - Qgrg gi`l`rgr `l igl`ftgdn`ftc k`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic, gitnv` y k`sgitnv` lcs dgfkcs enkrçulnics. - Icf t`dp`rgturgs sup`rncr`s g 1±I, `l igl`ftgdn`ftc f`i`sntg ufcs 70 dnfutcs. - Icf t`dp`rgturgs nfb`rncr`s g 1±I, `l igl`ftgdn`ftc f`i`sntg ufcs 91 dnfutcs. - K`splgi` tckcs lcs dgfkcs pgrg qu` `l gi`nt` igln`ft` `dpn`i` inriulgr `f tckcs lcs inlnfkrcs y lgs tuo`rägs. - Kurgft` `stg bgs`, icftrcl` br`iu`ft`d`ft` tckcs lcs dgfùd`trcs y lcs nfknigkcr`s.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
702/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 02 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
Y@×GLNXGINÙF K@ BPFINCFGDN@F[ BPFINCFGDN@F[C C GFÙDGLC G[@FINÙF [rgoghgr icf lcs k`t`itcr`s gv`rngkcs `xpcf` gl rn`smc k` ir`gr uf mrgv` kg÷c g lg dçqunfg. Lgs pcsnol`s
G
gfcdglägs qu` s` pu`kgf prckuinr `f `stg sntuginùf fc s`rçf s`÷glnzgkgs. Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lcs k`t`itcr`s kg÷gkcs c k`sicf`itgkcs. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s `f `l
igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` qu` fc s` iudpl`f lgs gkv`rt`fings gft`s intgkgs.
Lg dçqunfg `st5g `qunpgkg k` snst`dg k` icftrcl “Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d— qu` icftrclg lcs prnfinpgl`s pgrçd`trcs k` trgoghc y s`÷glg `v`ftugl`s gfcdglägs k` bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg p`rbcrgkcrg d`kngft` ufg s`rn` k` lui`s k` gvnsc y glgrdgs (G-O).
NDQC_[GF[@
O
Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl snst`dg k`
icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d, egmg r`b`r`fing gl dgfugl `sp`iäic qu` s` gkhuftg g lg kciud`ftginùf
tîifnig k` lg dçqunfg.
Oghc p`knkc, `s pcsnol` kctgr lg dçqunfg k` ctrc pgf`l k` icftrcl I pgrg lg m`stnùf k` lgs bufincf`s k` nzgkc igrmg.
NDQC_[GF[@ @l pgf`l k` icftrcl k` lgs bufincf`s k` nzgkc (I) s`÷glg `v`ftugl`s icfknincf`s k` glgrdg d`kngft` lg vnsuglnzginùf k` uf iùknmc.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
70=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 0= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
EGONLN[GINÙF EGONLN[ GINÙF K@ LCY DGFKCY DGFKCY @F IGONFG Q@LNM_C @stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf
k`l dnircnft`rruptcr k` pr`s`fing k`l cp`rgkcr. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk
pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
Q@LNM_C Fc k`h` fufig y `f fnfmøf igsc lgs llgv`s k` s`rvninc `f lcs r`sp`itnvcs icfdutgkcr`s y/c s`l`itcr`s, nfilusc `f pgrgkgs k` or`v` kurginùf.
@l nfiudplndn`ftc k` `stg fcrdg `l`d`ftgl k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs mrgv`s, sn
gii`k`f g lcs dgfkcs k` lg dçqunfg p`rscfgs fc gutcrnzgkgs c nficdp`t`ft`s.
O
Icdc `stç pr`vnstc pcr lgs knr`itnvgs vnm`ft`s, `l gii`sc g lcs dgfkcs k` lg igonfg `stç prct`mnkc pcr tr`s `l`d`ftcs knstnftcs, k` `s pr`s`fing k`inr8 cp`rgkcr (nfstglgkc `f G Dnircnft`rruptcr `l nft`rncr k`l gsn`ftc) O Qglgfig k` egonlntginùf I Octùf k` gitnvginùf
G
Yùlc snmun`fkc lg s`iu`fing k` gitnvginùf k` tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs gft`s intgkcs s` pckrçf egonlntgr lcs dgfkcs enkrçulnics y `lîitrnics k` lg dçqunfg. Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr. - Icdpru`o` qu` lg luz k` gvnsc K `stî `fi`fknkg. - Ogh` lg pglgfig O. - Gprn`t` `l octùf I y icftrcl` qu` lg luz k` gvnsc K s` gpgmu`. - K`sk` gecrg, tckcs lcs dgfkcs `f igonfg `stçf egonlntgkcs, `xi`ptc pcr lcs dgfkcs k` trgslginùf, qu` `stçf ult`rncrd`ft` prct`mnkcs pcr `l s`l`itcr @.
@ I
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
705/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 05 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
[_GYLGKC Q@LNM_C Lgs knd`fsncf`s k` lg dçqunfg fc icfsn`ft`f ufg vnsnonlnkgk p`rb`itg scor` tckc `f `l lgkc k`r`iec
k` dçqunfg. cp`rgkcr k`o` p`knr `l gpcyc k` lg p`rscfgl g @l tn`rrg pgrg pck`r prci`k`r icf s`murnkgk kurgft` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` trgslginùf y/c iclciginùf. Q@LNM_C Gufqu` lg trgslginùf s`g gfufingkg icf `l scfnkc
K
@
k` uf gvnsgkcr giøstnic, gft`s k` `dp`zgr lg
dgfncorg, pnkg `l gpcyc k` ufc c dçs `figrmgkcs g lg s`÷glnzginùf g tn`rrg qu` pu`kgf gs`murgrs` k`
ufg pcsnol` pr`s`fing k` p`rscfgs k`oghc `f lgs i`rigfägs k` lg dçqunfg. @sp`r` `l RNG LNO_@ k`sk` tn`rrg, gft`s k` dcv`rs`.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl snst`dg k`
icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d, egmg r`b`r`fing gl
dgfugl `sp`iäic G[7?21=2 qu` s` gkhuftg g lg
G
kciud`ftginùf tîifnig k` lg dçqunfg. Icdc s` eg k`sirntc gft`rncrd`ft`, lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O scf prct`mnkcs pcr `l s`l`itcr k` egonlntginùf I, nfk`p`fkn`ft` k`l knspcsntnvc k` pglgfig-octùf qu` prct`m` lg pgrt` r`stgft` k` lcs dgfkcs. Lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O k`o`f s`r egonlntgkcs sclc iugfkc s` gpr`stg g trgslgkgr y/c iclcigr lg dçqunfg: `f tckgs lgs r`stgft`s sntugincf`s k` trgoghc c dgft`fndn`ftc k`o`f qu`kgr nfegonlntgkcs. Qgrg egonlntgr lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O, snmg lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
Icdpru`o` qu` lgs lui`s k` gvnsc K-@ `stîf gpgmgkgs.
B O M
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
70>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 0> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
-
-
Mnr` `l s`l`itcr I k` lg pcsninùf k` olcqu`c “1— g lg pcsninùf k` egonlntginùf v`lcinkgk L@F[G “7—. @f `stg icfkninùf, `l gvnsgkcr giøstnic s` gitnvg gutcdçtnigd`ft`. Icdpru`o` qu` lg luz k` gvnsc K s` `fin`fkg. K`sk` gecrg lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O `stçf egonlntgkcs. Gitø` scor` lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O c lgs pglgfigs nfknb`r`ft`d`ft` iclciçfkclcs `f lg pcsninùf B pgrg lg dgrieg gk`lgft` c `f lg pcsninùf M pgrg lg dgrieg gtrçs. Lg icdonfginùf k`l dcvndn`ftc k` ufg pglgfig r`sp`tc g lg ctrg p`rdnt` vclv`r c mnrgr icf i`ftrc scor` lg crumg pgrgkg c scor` `l `h` k` lg dçqunfg.
? 7
I
1
- Gl fglnzgr lg trgslginùf, vu`lvg g pcf`r colnmgtcrngd`ft` `l s`l`itcr I `f lg pcsninùf “1—. - Lg luz k` gvnsc K s` gpgmg y `l gvnsgkcr giøstnic s` k`sgitnvg. @st` tnpc k` igrrc k` crumgs tn`f` gk`dçs ufg ?g dgrieg R@LCX qu` pckrç s`r pu`stg `f igsc k` trgy`itcs d`kncs-lgrmcs. @f `st` igsc `l s`l`itcr I k`o`rç iclcigrs` `f lg pcsninùf “?—.
M B
@l giincfgdn`ftc `stgfkgrknzgkc k` lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G pgrg lg crumg k`r`ieg (KU) y O pgrg lg nzqun`rkg (YU) icrr`spcfk` g lg icfmurginùf k`l tr`f k` rckgh` E icf dctcrr`kuitcr`s L iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` trgs`rg k` lg dçqunfg. Lg trgslginùf icf lcs dctcrr`kuitcr`s L iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` gft`rncr FC @Y GICFY@HGKG GICFY@HGKG yg qu` lcs dgfkcs k` p`kgl G-O nfv`rtnrägf tgftc `l s`ftnkc k` gvgfi` B-M icdc lg pcsninùf k` lg crumg g lg iugl `stçf icf`itgkcs (lg crumg k`r`ieg s` icfv`rtnräg `f lg k` lg nzqun`rkg y vni`v`rsg). K` `stg dgf`rg `l cp`rgkcr s`räg nfkuinkc g uf `rrcr k` dgfncorg `stgfkc gicstudorgkc g giincfgr lcs p`kgl`s G-O `f `l dckc `stçfkgr.
E
L
B M
L
Y` `vnk`fing pcr lc tgftc lg f`i`snkgk k` vclv`r sn`dpr` g iclcigr `l tr`f k` rckgh` E `f lg pcsninùf icrr`itg utnlnzgfkc lg rctginùf enkrçulnig k` lg tcrr`tg, nfilusc pgrg trgy`itcs or`v`s.
E
G (Kx)
O (Yx)
G (Kx)
O (Yx)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
721/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 21 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
G (Kx) O (Yx)
O (Yx) L
Gs`mør`s` gk`dçs k` qu` `l p`rfc gftnrrctginùf D `stî tckgväg iclcigkc t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg qu`, icf lcs dctcrr`kuitcr`s L `f lg pgrt` gft`rncr, `stc fc s`räg pcsnol`.
G (Kx)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
727/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 27 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
QG_GKG K@L DC[C_ KN@Y@L @F ICFKNINCF@Y FC_DGL@Y
Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Nfegonlnt` lcs dgfkcs. - Icdpru`o` qu` lg luz k` gvnsc G `stî `fi`fknkg.
G
-
Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr g uf rîmnd`f k` 7111 r`vcluincf`s/dnf. gprcx. gitugfkc scor` lg pglgfig O y icftrclgfkc `l iu`ftgrr`vcluincf`s.
O
I
-
Mnr` lg llgv` I k`l icfdutgkcr K k` lg pcsninùf CF g lg pcsninùf CBB y r`tnr` lg llgv` I.
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
72?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 2? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC @YQG×CL
@F ICFKNINCF@Y K@ @D@_M@FING K@ LG IGONFG @f ufg sntuginùf k` `d`rm`fing pr`sncf` `l octùf k` igo`zg k` ecfmc G, nmfcrgfkc `l prci`kndn`ftc k`sirntc gft`rncrd`ft`. K`spuîs k` lg `d`rm`fing, r`grd` `l octùf G mnrçfkclc `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc egstg `l knspgrc knspgrc gutcdçtnic k`l pcdc, icdpl`t` `l prci`kndn`ftc k` pgrgkg fcrdgl c vu`lvg g pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
729/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 29 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL ICF I CF J@LL J@ LL^ ^ DCF[GKC G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` prci`k`r icf `f iuglqun`r cp`rginùfl`g c prci`kndn`ftc k`sirntcs `st` igpätulc, iunkgkcsgd`ft` tckgs lgs gkv`rt`fings k` s`murnkgk
y lgs nfbcrdgincf`s prcpcrincfgkgs `f lgs s`iincf`s G-O-I k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. G[@FINÙF Lgs dgfncorgs qu` s` k`sirno`f g icftnfuginùf k`o`f s`r `b`itugkgs øfnigd`ft` scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf igpginkgk pcrtgft` gk`iugkg. Qgrg lg pu`stg `f s`rvninc k` lg dçqunfg g pgrtnr k` lg icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt` icf ogrrg j`lly y igo`zg k` muäg dcftgkcs (vîgs` murg), prci`kg s`møf lg
s`iu`fing k`sirntg g icftnfuginùf8 •• • • • • •
@fsgfiegdn`ftc Iclciginùf pcl`gcrumgs k` r``fväc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl K`sdcftgh` `l`d`ftcs k` olcqu`c Iclciginùf `l`d`ftc sup`rncr pl`mgol` k`l dçstnl K`sdcftgh` knspcsntnvcs k` olcqu`c k` lg j`lly L`vgftgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl Dcftgh` e`rrgdn`ftg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
72;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 2; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
@FYGFIEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY Lg cp`rginùf k` `fsgfiegdn`ftc crumgs k`o` `b`itugrs` pgrg iclcigr lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc. Lg icfmurginùf icf gfiec k` väg däfndc s` utnlnzg
øfnigd`ft` bgs`sk`lk` trgfspcrt` scor` r`dclqu` pgrgkurgft` r`kuinr lgs `l gfiec igrrc. Qgrg `fsgfiegr lgs crumgs, k`splgi` lg pglgfig G.
G[@FINÙF Y` gicfs`hg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg icf icftnfunkgk egstg `fsgfiegr icdpl`tgd`ft` lg crumg. Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc trgoghgr icf lgs crumgs `str`iegkgs (icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`) y glzgr `l dçstnl gft`s
qu` lgs crumgs `stîf icdpl`tgd`ft` `fsgfiegkgs. @f `stg icfkninùf, lg dçqunfg pckräg vcligrs` icf mrgv`s rn`smcs pgrg lg nficludnkgk k`l p`rscfgl.
ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL K`s`fmgfie` lg pcl`g k` r``fväc k`l igol` prnfinpgl k` lg igk`fg k` icf`xnùf gl dçstnl. @sc p`rdnt` g lg pcl`g pgsgr k` lg pcsninùf kcolgkg, utnlnzgkg kurgft` `l trgfspcrt`, g lg pcsninùf k` trgoghc. Gl fgl k` lg dgfncorg dgfncorg,, vu`lvg g `fmgfieg `fmgfiegrr lg `xtr`dnkg `xtr`dnkgk k
lnor` k` lg igk`fg gl dçstnl. Yu`lt` lcs igol`s y icdpru`o` su pcsninùf icrr`itg.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
720/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 20 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LCY @L@D@F[CY K@ OLCWP@C K`sdcft` `l `strnoc G qu` hg `l dçstnl gl igogll`t` k` trgfspcrt`. Wunt` suh`tgkcr sup`rncr k`l dçstnl.ufg O k`l `l`d`ftc Qgrg `l`stg cp`rginùf, utnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg k` s`rvninc gk`iugkg.
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
722/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 22 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
ICLCIGINÙF K@L @L@DF[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL G
Iclcqu` `l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr `f pcsninùf k` trgoghc, `s k`inr glnf`gkc icf `l dçstnl. Olcqu`` nftrckuin`fkc lcs p`rfcs gpr`tgfkc`f lcs pcsninùf r`lgtnvcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s O. G y Icf`it` lgs icf`xncf`s `lîitrnigs I.
O
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
72=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 2= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ GLNF@GDN@F[C K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) Qgrg glnf`gr `l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr icf lg s`iinùf i`ftrgl k`l dçstnl, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
G
Icf`it` lcs gicplgdn`ftcs rçpnkcs G-O iclcigkcs `f lg plgig `f `l lgkc gft`rncr k` lg dçqunfg g lcs gicplgkcr`s I-K iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` sup`rncr k` lg prclcfmginùf utnlnzgfkc lcs tuocs `xnol`s `f
-
kctginùf. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr. Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc pgrg glnf`gr lg prclcfmginùf dgft`fnîfkclc `f `stg pcsninùf egstg
O
`l fgl k` lg dgfncorg.
-
Qgr` `l dctcr. Nftrckuzig lcs p`rfcs B olcqu`çfkclcs icf lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s M.
-
K`sicf`it` lcs tuocs `xnol`s k` lcs gicplgkcr gicplgkcr`s `s y
k`sigrmu` `l gi`nt` `f uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk.
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` dcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
K
I
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg k` dgf`rg s`murg y icrr`itg, prci`kg icf duiec iunkgkc y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc `f `l su`lc.
@
M
B
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
725/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 25 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ K@YDCF[GH@ OLCWP@C K@ LG OG__G J@LL J@LL^ ^ Wunt` lcs tgdpcf`s K qu` olcqu`gf `l k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lg igo`zg k` muäg.
K
Wunt` lg gorgzgk`rg @ qu` hg lg pgrt` gft`rncr k` lg ogrrg j`lly g lg d`sg rctgtcrng.
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
72>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 2> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
L@RGF[GDN@F[C K@L DÇY[NL @dpn`i` lg dgfncorg glzgfkc `l inf`dgtnsdc y dgft`fn`fkc `l dçstnl ecrnzcftgl. Iugfkc `l dçstnl sup`rg `l fnv`l k`l t`iec k` lg igonfg cp`rgkcr, `dpn`i` g glzgr `l dçstnl giincfgfkc lcs kcs inlnfkrcs r`lgtnvcs. Ynmg glzgfkc `l dçstnl y `l inf`dgtnsdc iunkgfkc qu` `l pn` k`l dçstnl fc iecqu` icftrg `l t`rr`fc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg glzgr `l dçstnl, gprn`t` y dgft`fmg gpr`tgkc egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg `l octùf G pgrg nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf k`l dnircnft`rruptcr k` icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgkc dçxndc k` lcs igol`s.
G[@FINÙF Kurgft` lg dgfncorg k` l`vgftgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl, gch` lcs igol`s k` lcs igor`stgft` mrgkugld`ft`.
Lg dgfncorg qu` s` t`rdnfg gl gligfzgr v`rtnigl. Icdpru`o` lg `xtr`dnkgk k` lglgpcsninùf ogrrg j`lly fc iecqu` icftrg `l t`rr`fc (`v`ftugld`ft` gli` lg ogrrg j`lly d`kngft` `l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl). Iugfkc `l dçstnl `stç v`rtnigl, lg dçqunfg `stç lnstg pgrg `l dcftgh` k`l `qunpc k` p`rbcrginùf. K`s`frcll` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr, nftrckuzig lg `xtr`dnkgk k`l igol` `f lg prnd`rg muäg y olcquî`lg `f lg s`mufkg muäg iclcigkg `f lg ogs` k`l dçstnl. Iugfkc `l igor`stgft` fc s` utnlnzg, `l igol` k` s`rvninc k`o` sn`dpr` `stgr hgkc `f `stg pcsninùf.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=1/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =1 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
QP@Y[G @F Y@_RNINC G QG_[N_ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKC YNF J@LL^ G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF Gft`s k` prci`k`r icf iuglqun`r cp`rginùf c prci`kndn`ftc k`sirntcs `f `st` igpätulc, l`g iunkgkcsgd`ft` tckgs lgs gkv`rt`fings k` s`murnkgk
y lgs nfbcrdgincf`s prcpcrincfgkgs `f lgs s`iincf`s G-O-I k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. G[@FINÙF Lgs dgfncorgs qu` s` k`sirno`f g icftnfuginùf k`o`f s`r `b`itugkgs øfnigd`ft` scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf igpginkgk pcrtgft` gk`iugkg. Qgrg lg pu`stg `f s`rvninc k` lg dçqunfg g pgrtnr k` lg icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt` snf ogrrg j`lly y r`lgtnvg igo`zg k` muäg (vîgs` murg), gtîfmgs` g lg s`iu`fing
k`sirntg g icftnfuginùf8 • @fsgfiegdn`ftc crumgs • Iclciginùf pcl`g k` r``fväc igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl • K`sdcftgh` `l`d`ftcs k` olcqu`c • Iclciginùf `l`d`ftc sup`rncr pl`mgol` k`l dçstnl • L`vgftgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl • Dcftgh` ogrrg j`lly • Dcftgh` e`rrgdn`ftg
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=7/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =7 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
@FYGFIEGDN@F[C @FYGFIEGDN@F[ C K@ LGY C_PMGY Lg cp`rginùf k` `fsgfiegdn`ftc crumgs k`o` `b`itugrs` pgrg iclcigr lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc. Lg icfmurginùf icf gfiec k` väg däfndc s` utnlnzg
øfnigd`ft` bgs`sk`lk` trgfspcrt` scor` r`dclqu` pgrgkurgft` r`kuinr lgs `l gfiec igrrc. Qgrg `fsgfiegr lgs crumgs, k`splgi` lg pglgfig G.
G[@FINÙF Y` gicfs`hg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg icf icftnfunkgk egstg `fsgfiegr icdpl`tgd`ft` lg crumg. Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc trgoghgr icf lgs crumgs `str`iegkgs (icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`) y glzgr `l dçstnl gft`s
qu` lgs crumgs `stîf icdpl`tgd`ft` `fsgfiegkgs. @f `stg icfkninùf, lg dçqunfg pckräg vcligrs` icf mrgv`s rn`smcs pgrg lg nficludnkgk k`l p`rscfgl.
ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL K`s`fmgfie` lg pcl`g k` r``fväc k`l igol` prnfinpgl k` lg igk`fg k` icf`xnùf gl dçstnl. @sc p`rdnt` g lg pcl`g pgsgr k` lg pcsninùf kcolgkg, utnlnzgkg kurgft` `l trgfspcrt`, g lg pcsninùf k` trgoghc. Gl fgl k` lg dgfncor dgfncorg, g, vu`lvg g `fmgfieg `fmgfiegrr lg `xtr`dnkgk
lnor` k` lg igk`fg gl dçstnl. Yu`lt` lcs igol`s y icdpru`o` su pcsninùf icrr`itg.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LCY @L@D@F[CY K@ OLCWP@C K`sdcft` `l `strnoc G qu` hg `l dçstnl gl igogll`t` k` trgfspcrt`. Wunt` suh`tgkcr sup`rncr k`l dçstnl.ufg O k`l `l`d`ftc Qgrg `l`stg cp`rginùf, utnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg k` s`rvninc gk`iugkg.
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=9/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =9 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
ICLCIGINÙF K@ LG Q_CLCFMGINÙF YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL Iclcqu` `l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr `f pcsninùf k` trgoghc, `s k`inr glnf`gkc icf `l dçstnl. Olcqu`` `f pcsninùf nftrckuin`fkc lcs p`rfcs G y gpr`tgfkc lcs r`lgtnvcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s O. Icf`it` lgs icf`xncf`s `lîitrnigs I.
G O
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ GLNF@GDN@F[C K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) Qgrg glnf`gr `l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr icf lg s`iinùf i`ftrgl k`l dçstnl, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
G
Icf`it` lcs gicplgdn`ftcs rçpnkcs G-O iclcigkcs `f lg plgig `f `l lgkc gft`rncr k` lg dçqunfg g lcs gicplgkcr`s I-K iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` sup`rncr k` lg prclcfmginùf utnlnzgfkc lcs tuocs `xnol`s `f
-
kctginùf. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr. Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc pgrg glnf`gr lg prclcfmginùf dgft`fnîfkclc `f `stg pcsninùf egstg
O
`l fgl k` lg dgfncorg.
-
Qgr` `l dctcr. Nftrckuzig lcs p`rfcs B olcqu`çfkclcs icf lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s M.
-
K`sicf`it` lcs tuocs `xnol`s k` lcs gicplgkcr`s y
k`sigrmu` `l gi`nt` `f uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk.
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` dcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
K
I
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg k` dgf`rg s`murg y icrr`itg, prci`kg icf duiec iunkgkc y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc `f `l su`lc.
@
M
B
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=0/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =0 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
L@RGF[GDN@F[C K@L DÇY[NL @dpn`i` lg dgfncorg glzgfkc `l inf`dgtnsdc y dgft`fn`fkc `l dçstnl ecrnzcftgl. Iugfkc `l dçstnl sup`rg `l fnv`l k`l t`iec k` lg igonfg cp`rgkcr, `dpn`i` g glzgr `l dçstnl giincfgfkc lcs kcs inlnfkrcs r`lgtnvcs. Ynmg glzgfkc `l dçstnl y `l inf`dgtnsdc iunkgfkc qu` `l pn` k`l dçstnl fc iecqu` icftrg `l t`rr`fc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg glzgr `l dçstnl, gprn`t` y dgft`fmg gpr`tgkc egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg `l octùf G pgrg nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf k`l dnircnft`rruptcr k` icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgkc dçxndc k` lcs igol`s.
G[@FINÙF Kurgft` lg dgfncorg k` l`vgftgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl, gch` lcs igol`s k` lcs igor`stgft` mrgkugld`ft`.
Lg dgfncorg s` gl t`rdnfg gl gligfzgr lg pcsninùf v`rtnigl icrr`spcfkn`ft` rgknc k` trgoghc dçxndc k` 9,0 d.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=2/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =2 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
DCF[GH@ K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ NDQC_[GF[@ Yn, kurgft` `l dcftgh`, lg dçqunfg s` pgrg k`onkc g lg nft`rv`finùf k` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s k`
icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgdn`ftc k` lcs igol`s dçxndc c k` k`si`fsc dçxndc k`l inf`dgtnsdc, gprn`t` y dgft`fmg gpr`tgkcs egstg `l fgl k` lg
G
dgfncorg lcs octcf`s G-O k` nfenoninùf k` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s.
O
Iclcqu` lg ogrrg j`lly icdpl`tg icf igo`zg k` muäg y `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf i`rig k` lg dçqunfg utnlnzgfkc uf d`knc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc guxnlngr. Icdpru`o` qu` `l dçstnl `stî nfilnfgkc eging gk`lgft` (;± gprcx.) icf inf`dgtnsdc glzgkc y d`sg rctgtcrng `f pcsninùf oghg. Yu`lt` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl y icf`it` `l igol` gl `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf I k` lg ogrrg j`lly.
G[@FINÙF Icdpru`o` qu` lgs kcs dcrkgzgs k` lg igo`zg k` muäg `stîf gon`rtgs. Icf`it` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl gl `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf. Ptnlnzgfkc `l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl, gli` l`ftgd`ft` lg ogrrg j`lly j`lly..
G[@FINÙF Dgfncor` l`ftc y iunkgkcsgd`ft` y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` p`rscfgl g tn`rrg.
Giincf` glt`rfgtnvgd`ft` `l dgfkc k` suonkg k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl y `l dgfkc k` trgfslginùf l`ftg eging gk`lgft` k` lg dçqunfg. Kurgft` lg bgs` k` `l`vginùf, icdpru`o` iunkgkcsgd`ft` qu` lg igo`zg k` muäg `stî `f pcsninùf icrr`itg, `s k`inr icf dcrkgzgs gon`rtgs crn`ftgkgs eging lgs muägs k`l
I
dçstnl.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7==/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG == B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
Qr`st` duieg gt`finùf iugfkc lgs dcrkgzgs gon`rtgs s` gi`rigf gl dçstnl kurgft` lg `l`vginùf k` lg j`lly `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl8 lgs dcrkgzgs gon`rtgs k`o`f gpcygrs` scor` lgs muägs r`sp`itnvgs `f icrr`spcfk`fing k`l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl. Icf lg ogrrg j`llyy glzgkg, g iclcigr `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl iclcqu`vu`lvg lg ogrrg `findg `l k`dçstnl lg d`sg rctgtcrng (kurgft` `stg bgs`, pr`stg duieg gt`finùf pgrg fc iecigr icftrg lg `struiturg k` lg igo`zg).
Ogh` l`ftgd`ft` lg ogrrg j`lly y glnfî`lg icf `l dgfmuntc nft`rfc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng.
G[@FINÙF Qrci`kg l`ftc y iunkgkcsgd`ft` y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc gl su`lc. G[@FINÙF Qgrg uf d`hcr icftrcl k` lg dgfncorg k` i`ftrgkc, icf lg j`lly glzgkg scor` `l dgfmuntc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng, gt` kcs iu`rkgs g lg `xtr`dnkgk nfb`rncr k` lg j`lly (qu` s`rçf tnrgkgs g knstgfing pcr kcs
`figrmgkcs).
Icdpru`o` qu` lgs muägs nft`rfgs k`l dgfmuntc `stîf glnf`gkgs icf lgs muägs `xt`rncr`s `xt`rncr` s k` lg ogrrg j`lly. Yn gsä fc bu`rg, mnr` l`ftgd`ft` `l dgfmuntc egstg gligfzgr `l glnf`gdn`ftc icrr`itc. Gl fglnzgr fglnzgr `l i`ftrgkc i`ftrgkc k`l dgfmuntc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng,
gli` lg d`sg k` 7 d gprcxndgkgd`ft` d`kngft` `l snst`dg k` trgiinùf y `dpuh`. Ogh` lg ogrrg j`lly k` 7.0-? d k` dgf`rg qu` lgs muägs
sup`rncr`s s` `fiu`ftr`f d pcr k`oghc k`l gicplgdn`ftc `ftr` `l`d`ftc sup`rncr y7`l`d`ftc prnfinpgl k`l dçstnl.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=5/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG =5 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
Dgft`fn`fkc `l igol` on`f t`fsgkc, `dpn`i` g nfilnfgr iunkgkcsgd`ft` `l dçstnl eging gtrçs egstg iclcigr lg igo`zg k` muäg scor` `l dçstnl. Icdpru`o` qu` îstg `stî glnf`gkg k` dgf`rg icrr`itg.
Icftnfø` oghgfkc `l dçstnl duy l`ftgd`ft` pgrg `vntgr qu` lg igo`zg sglmg k` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl (`f `st` igsc, s`räg f`i`sgrnc vclv`r g glzgr `l dçstnl, iclcigr icrr`itgd`ft` lgs muägs scor` lcs tgdpcf`s y lu`mc oghgr k` fu`vc `l dçstnl).
Iugfkc `l dçstnl `stç `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl, in`rr` lgs dcrkgzgs. Qgrg `stg cp`rginùf, `l cp`rgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg k` s`rvninc. Iugfkc lg igo`zg k` muäg `stç gpcygkg icrr`itgd`ft` scor` lgs muägs, in`rr` gdogs dcrkgzgs nftrckuin`fkc lcs p`rfcs K y lcs r`lgtnvcs pgsgkcr`s.
K
Gecrg `s pcsnol` glzgr `l dçstnl egstg gligfzgr pcsninùf p csninùf v`rtnigl iunkgfkc qu` lg `xtr`dnkgk k`l vçstgmc fc iecqu` icftrg `l t`rr`fc (`v`ftugld`ft` gli` g li` `l vçstgmc utnlnzgfkc `l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl). Iugfkc `l dçstnl `stç `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, lg dçqunfg `stç lnstg pgrg `l dcftgh` k`l `qunpc k` p`rbcrginùf. K`s`frcll` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr, nftrckuzig lg `xtr`dnkgk igol` `fmuäg lg prnd`rg igol` olcquî`lg `f lgk`ls`mufkg iclcigkgmuäg `f lg pgrt`y nfb`rncr k`l dçstnl. Iugfkc `st` igor`stgft` fc s` utnlnzg, `l igol` r`lgtnvc k`o` sn`dpr` `stgr hgkc `f `stg pcsninùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7=>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG => B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
DCF[GH@ - R@_YNÙF J@LL^ @YQG×CL
DCF[GH@ K@ LG E@__GDN@F[G Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, `l orgzc glzgkc y lg d`sg rctgtcrng `f pcsninùf oghg, glnf`` lg ogrrg j`lly icf lg e`rrgdn`ftg.
G[@FINÙF Gs`mør`s` k` qu` lg e`rrgdn`ftg gpcy` scor` uf t`rr`fc sùlnkc. Ogh` lg j`lly r`sp`tgfkc lgs nfstruiincf`s ndpgrtnkgs pcr uf s`mufkc cp`rgkcr. Nftrckuzig icf iunkgkc lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s k` lg ogrrg j`lly `f `l gicplgdn`ftc k` lg e`rrgdn`ftg. Iclcqu` `l p`rfc k` hginùf icf pgsgkcr.
Gecrg `s pcsnol` glzgr `l orgzc yg qu` lg e`rrgdn`ftg `stç icf`itgkg g lg j`lly.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
751/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 51 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC @YQG×CL
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC QCYNINÙF K@ LG DÇWPNFG _@YQ@[C GL IG__C K@ C_PMGY @f m`f`rgl, kurgft` lgs dgfncorgs k` k`splgzgdn`ftc y trgoghc k`ftrc k` lcs lädnt`s qu` s` nfknigf `f lg s`iinùf G k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl, s` gicfs`hg sn`dpr` dgft`f`r lgs ru`kgs dctrni`s k`l tr`f k` rckgh` pcr k`oghc k` lg pgrt` trgs`rg k` lg dçqunfg, `s k`inr `f lg pcsninùf dçs gtrgsgkg r`sp`tc gl br`ft` k` trgoghc. @stg pcsninùf, gk`dçs k` p`rdntnr uf icftrcl dçs nftuntnvc k` lcs dgfkcs k` trgslgkc, r`kui` `l `sbu`rzc k`l gicplgdn`ftc igk`fg/ru`kg k`ftgkg. Qu`k` s`r f`i`sgrnc iclcigr lgs ru`kgs dctrni`s k`l tr`f k` rckgh` pcr k`oghc k` lg pgrt` k`lgft`rg k` lg dçqunfg, `s k`inr eging lg knr`iinùf k` gvgfi`, pgrg sup`rgr p`fkn`ft`s `xi`pincfgl`s.
Q@LNM_C @f `st` øltndc igsc, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc gft`rncrd`ft` icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg Ycnld`i
pgrg cot`f`r lg f`i`sgrng nfbcrdginùf. nfbcrdginùf.
_GKNC DÇUNDC K@ [_GOGHC @l rgknc dçxndc k` trgoghc p`rdntnkc (lädnt` k` s`murnkgk) igdong s`møf lg tnpclcmäg k` trgoghc qu` s` k`o` `b`itugr y lg icfmurginùf k` lg dçqunfg. _`b`rnkc gl tnpc k` trgoghc y g lg icfmurginùf k` lg
dçqunfg, `stç prcenonkc gosclutgd`ft` `xi`k`r lcs vglcr`s k` rgknc dçxndc intgkcs `f lg s`iinùf G k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. Lgs dçqunfgs icf rgknc k` trgoghc vgrngol` `stçf kctgkgs icf uf dnircnft`rruptcr k` rgknc dçxndc8 gl `xi`k`r `l vglcr `stgol`inkc, `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg s` pgrg.
Q@LNM_C @xnst` uf rn`smc k` vu`lic dçqunfg y k` mrgv`s
l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. NDQC_[GF[@ Lcs vglcr`s s` r``r`f g cp`rgincf`s `b`itugkgs
`f uf t`rr`fc llgfc y ufnbcrd`. Qgrg icfknincf`s k` t`rr`fc knb`r`ft`, knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg
YCNLD@I gft`s k` prci`k`r prci`k`r..
IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL @l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl (y, pcr icfsnmun`ft`, su igol`) s` utnlnzg sùlc pgrg k`splgzgr `l `qunpc k` p`rbcrginùf.
G[@FINÙF Iuglqun`r usc knb`r`ft` k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl `stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc. G[@FINÙF Icdpru`o` qu` kurgft` `l usc fcrdgl pcr lc d`fcs tr`s igpgs k` igol` p`rdgf`zigf `frcllgkgs `f `l tgdocr.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
757/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 57 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ @l igor`stgft` guxnlngr (y (y,, pcr icfsnmun`ft`, su igol`) eg snkc kns`÷gkc pgrg lgs snmun`ft`s bufincf`s icdpl`d`ftgrngs gl inilc k` trgoghc k` lg dçqunfg8 -
Dcftgh` y k`sdcftgh` r`v`stndn`ftc (igsnfm).k` `l`d`ftcs k` lcs tuocs k` Dgfnpulginùf k` hgulgs k` grdgkurg k` gi`rc. Dcftgh` y k`sdcftgh` k` pgrtniulgr`s k` lg dçqunfg (`h. inlnfkrc pull-kcwf).
G[@FINÙF Iuglqun`r usc knb`r`ft` k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr `stç
gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc. Q@LNM_C @l usc k`l igor`stgft` igor`stgft` `f dckc “igäkg lnor`— (sn `stç
pr`s`ft`) `stç icfs`ftnkc sùlc pgrg gplnigincf`s `sp`iäigs icdc lgs intgkgs g icftnfuginùf8
- Psc k` uf puft`rc pgrg pgrg lg k`dclcinùf k` `strgtcs rcicscs kurcs
- Psc k` ufg iuiegrg k` vglvgs pgrg lg r`dcinùf k` mrgvg c rcig dgiegigkg. Iuglqun`r usc knb`r`ft` k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr `f
dckc “igäkg lnor`— `stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc. Qr`st` lg dçxndg gt`finùf kurgft` lg dgfnpulginùf k` igrmgs `fmgfiegkgs gl igol` k` s`rvninc y `vnt` qu` pu`kgf iecigr icftrg `l`d`ftcs k` lg dçqunfg, `f pgrtniulgr icftrg lg d`sg rctgtcrng. Qgrg fc icdprcd`t`r lg `stgonlnkgk k` lg dçqunfg, gtîfmgs` `sirupulcsgd`ft` g lcs lädnt`s cp`rgtnvcs k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr nfknigkcs `f lg Y`iinùf G “NFBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y— k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl.
G[@FINÙF G[@FINÙF Icdpru`o` qu` kurgft` `l usc fcrdgl pcr lc d`fcs tr`s igpgs k` igol` p`rdgf`zigf `frcllgkgs `f `l tgdocr.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
75?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 5? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC @YQG×CL
LNDN[@Y M@F@_GL@Y ^ DGFNCO_GY Q_CENONKGY @stç prcenonkc trgoghgr icf lgs crumgs `str`iegkgs (icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`) y glzgr `l dçstnl iugfkc lgs
crumgs fc `stçf icdpl`tgd`ft` `fsgfiegkgs. [rgogh` sn`dpr` scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc y rd`.
Q@LNM_C @l inf`dgtnsdc k` iclciginùf y lcs inlnfkrcs k` nfilnfginùf k`l dçstnl fc k`o`f s`r utnlnzgkcs qu` kurgft` lg bgs` k` pu`stg `f s`rvninc. Fc us` fufig `stcs pgrtniulgr`s icdc ùrmgfcs k` bu`rzg (`h. pgrg
enfigr c r`tnrgr lcs tuocs k`l t`rr`fc, `ti..). @l usc k` lcs knspcsntnvcs k` iclciginùf icdc ùrmgfcs k` bu`rzg pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs y mrgv`s
l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s.
G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` prci`k`r icf iuglqun`r cp`rginùf c dgfncorg, l`g icf iunkgkc tckgs lgs gkv`rt`fings k`
s`murnkgk y lgs nfbcrdgincf`s prcpcrincfgkgs `f lg s`iinùf O k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl y `f kciud`ftc GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y QG_G @L [_GOGHC (G[111715) qu` s` gkhuftg g `st` dgfugl y k`l iugl
bcrdg pgrt` nft`mrgft`. @dpn`i` `l trgoghc sùlc k`spuîs k` ego`r icdpr`fknkc su icft`fnkc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
759/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 59 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NDQC_[GF[@Y GKR@_[@FINGY QG_G @L PYC @YQG×CL
GQG_IGDN@F[C ^ QP@Y[G BP@_G K@ Y@_RNINC QG_GKGY O_@R@Y
QG_GKGY Q_CLCFMGKGY
Gl fglnzgr igkg hcrfgkg (c turfc) k` trgoghc y kurgft`
[`fn`fkc qu` gpgrigr lg dçqunfg pcr uf lgrmc p`räckc k` nfgitnvnkgk (s`dgfgs c d`s`s), gk`dçs k`l r`sp`tc k` lgs fcrdgs pcr lgs pgrgkgs or`v`s, s` r`icdn`fkg lc qu` snmu`8
lgs pgrgkgs fciturfgs, gpgrqu` lg dçqunfg k` dgf`rg qu` fc r`pr`s`ft` uf p`lnmrc. [cd` tckgs lgs pr`iguincf`s pgrg `vntgr rn`smcs g lgs p`rscfgs qu` s` gi`rqu`f g lg dçqunfg iugfkc îstg fc `stî bufincfgfkc8 - Gfil` lcs igol`s k` lcs igor`stgft`s c iclùqu`lcs k` dgf`rg qu` fc r`pr`s`ft`f uf p`lnmrc y s`gf bçinld`ft` vnsnol`s. - Fc k`h` fnfmøf `l`d`ftc susp`fknkc g lcs igol`s k` lcs igor`stgft`s c lnor` k` csinlgr. - Gs`mør`s` qu` `l su`lc scor` `l iugl s` `fiu`ftrg lg dçqunfg `stî icdpgitc: `f igsc icftrgrnc, k`splçi`lg scor` uf t`rr`fc s`murc. - K`sgitnv` lg bufinùf k` igäkg lnor` k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr (sn `stç gitnvgkg) mnrgfkc lg llgv` `f lg pcsninùf CBB gft`s k` quntgrlg. - Wunt` sn`dpr` lg llgv` k`l icfdutgkcr k` grrgfqu` k`l tgol`rc k` dgfkc: k`sgitnv` lcs dgfkcs y in`rr` icf llgv` tckgs lgs pu`rtgs.
Q@LNM_C Kurgft` lg bgs` k` gpgrigdn`ftc, fc k`h` fufig lg llgv` k` grrgfqu` nftrckuinkg `f `l tgol`rc c lgs
pu`rtgs gon`rtgs. Iuglqun`rg pckräg gii`k`r g lg igonfg k` dgfkc, pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr, `b`itugr dgfncorgs p`lnmrcsgs c `b`itugr k`sghust`s.
-
s`ig (scor` uf çr`g gsbgltgkg c scor` tgolnllgs). Qgrg ufg d`hcr icfs`rvginùf k` lg dçqunfg, pùfmglg `f icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt` `f uf lumgr iuon`rtc, sn
-
K`sicf`it` nft`rruptcr.
lg ogt`räg
d`kngft` `l
`sp`ingl
`s pcsnol`. Qgrg pr`v`fnr lcs b`fùd`fcs k` p`mgkc y olcqu`c k` lgs huftgs k` lcs ùrmgfcs enkrçulnics, c k` p`rfcs y igsqunllcs, s` gicfs`hg `b`itugr pu`stgs `f dgrieg k` lg dçqunfg p`rnùknigs icf gitnvginùf k` tckc lcs `l`d`ftcs (inlnfkrcs, `l`d`ftcs grtniulgkcs, r`kuitcr`s, `ti..).
G[@FINÙF _`iu`rk` qu` tgdonîf kurgft` lcs p`räckcs k` nfgitnvnkgk prclcfmgkg `l dgft`fndn`ftc p`rnùknic
k`o` s`r `b`itugkc r`mulgrd`ft` icf pgrtniulgr gt`finùf g lcs läqunkcs y g tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs qu` pu`kgf `fv`h`i`r. @f iuglqun`r igsc, gft`s k` lg pu`stg `f s`rvninc k` lg dçqunfg, `b`itø` uf dgft`fndn`ftc `xtrgcrknfgrnc icf pgrtniulgr
icftrcl k` tckgs lgs pgrt`s d`içfnigs, enkrçulnigs y `lîitrnigs. -
-
Gpgrqu` lg dçqunfg scor` ufg sup`rin` icdpgitg y
_`iu`rk` r`sp`tgr lcs icfs`hcs k` gldgi`fgh` sudnfnstrgkcs pcr `l icfstruitcr k`l dctcr kn`s`l `f `l dgfugl `sp`iäic k` usc y dgft`fndn`ftc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
75;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 5; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ FC_DGL (ICF J@LL^ DCF[GKC) G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` prci`k`r icf iuglqun`r cp`rginùf c prci`kndn`ftc k`sirntcs `f `st` igpätulc, l`g
NDQC_[GF[@ Kurgft` lg bgs` k` k`si`fsc k`l dçstnl s`rç f`i`sgrnc gpr`tgr y dgft`f`r gpr`tgkcs egstg `l
iunkgkcsgd`ft` tckgs lgs gkv`rt`fings k` s`murnkgk
fgl k` lg dgfncorg lcs octcf`s G-O pgrg nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf k` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s k` icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgkc dçxndc k` lcs igol`s y k` k`si`fsc dçxndc k`l orgzc k`l inf`dgtnsdc.
y lgs nfbcrdgincf`s prcpcrincfgkgs `f lgs s`iincf`s G-O-I k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. G[@FINÙF Lgs dgfncorgs qu` s` k`sirno`f g icftnfuginùf k`o`f s`r `b`itugkgs øfnigd`ft` scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf igpginkgk pcrtgft` gk`iugkg. G pgrtnr k` lg icfmurg icfmurginùf inùf icf dçstnl v`rtnigl
icrr`spcfkn`ft` g uf rgknc k` trgoghc fc sup`rncr gl dçxndc gkdntnkc k` 9,0 d, `b`itø` lgs snmun`ft`s cp`rgincf`s8
•
K@YDCF[GH@ E@__GDN@F[G
•
OGHGKG K@L DÇY[NL
Giincf` lg oghgkg k`l dçstnl y k`l inf`dgtnsdc egstg iclcigr `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl g fnv`l k`l t`iec k` lg igonfg cp`rgkcr. Icdpru`o` qu` lg pcsninùf k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng y lg ogrrg j`lly r`sp`tc gl dçstnl s`g lg nfknigkg `f lg murg: icdpru`o` qu` lg igo`zg k` muäg s` `fiu`ftr`
scor` `l `l`d`ftc prnfinpgl k`l dçstnl y k`oghc k`l gicplgdn`ftc k` lg prclcfmginùf sup`rncr pl`mgol` k`l dçstnl (gprcxndgkgd`ft` g 70/?1 id.). Icdpl`t` lg oghgkg k`l dçstnl egstg gligfzgr lg pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt` gitugfkc scor` `l inf`dgtnsdc.
G O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
750/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 50 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
GQLNIGINÙF K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ OLCWP@C K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ Gplnqu` lcs tgdpcf`s G pgrg olcqu`gr `l k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lg igo`zg k` muäg j`lly. Du`vg lg ogrrg j`lly egstg qu` lg igo`zg k` muäg s` gpcy` scor` lcs tgdpcf`s.
G
Gplnqu` lg gorgzgk`rg O pgrg suh`tgr lg pgrt` gft`rncr k` lg ogrrg g lg d`sg rctgtcrng.
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
752/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 52 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL K`stcrfnll` lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s O y qunt` lcs p`rfcs G. K`sicf`it` lgs icf`xncf`s `lîitrnigs I. Qln`mu `l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr `f pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`.
G
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
75=/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 5= B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) Qgrg `l in`rr` k`l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
G
K`stcrfnll` lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s M y qunt` lcs p`rfcs B. Icf`it` lcs gicplgdn`ftcs rçpnkcs G-O iclcigkcs `f lg plgig `f `l lgkc gft`rncr k` lg dçqunfg g lcs gicplgkcr`s I-K iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` sup`rncr
O
k` lg prclcfmginùf utnlnzgfkc lcs tuocs `xnol`s `f
-
kctginùf. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr. Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc pgrg i`rrgr lg prclcfmginùf dgft`fnîfkclc `f `stg pcsninùf egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg.
-
Qgr` `l dctcr.
-
K`sicf`it` lcs tuocs `xnol`s k` lcs gicplgkcr gicplgkcr`s `s y
k`sigrmu` `l gi`nt` `f uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk.
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
K
I
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg k` dgf`rg s`murg y icrr`itg, prci`kg icf duiec iunkgkc y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc `f `l su`lc.
@
M
B
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
755/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 55 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
DCF[GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ DCF[GH@ OLCWP@C QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ Gplnqu` `l `strnoc k` hginùf K y `l suh`tgkcr @ k` olcqu`c
k`l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl. Qgrg `stg cp`rginùf, utnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg k` s`rvninc.
K
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
75>/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG 5> B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
IN@__@ K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL K`s`fmgfie` lg igk`fg k`l dçstnl, kcol` lg pcl`g k` r``fväc G k`l igol` prnfinpgl y olcquî`lg `f pcsninùf. Icdpru`o` lg pcsninùf icrr`itg k` lcs igol`s.
G
@Y[_@IEGDN@F[C @Y[_@IEGDN@F[ C K@ LGY C_PMGY K@L IG__C Lg icfmurginùf icf gfiec k` väg däfndc s` utnlnzg
øfnigd`ft` kurgft` lgs bgs`s k` trgfspcrt` pgrg r`kuinr `l gfiec k`l igrrc. Qgrg `str`iegr lgs crumgs, k`splgi` lg pglgfig O.
G[@FINÙF Y` gicfs`hg `str`iegr lgs crumgs `f dckc icftnfuc y snf nft`rrupincf`s egstg gligfzgr lg pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`.
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>1/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >1 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
Y@IP@FING K@ K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG ICFBNMP_GINÙF K@ [_GOGHC G LG QCYNINÙF K@ [_GFYQC_[@ GLNM@_GKG (YNF J@LL^) G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` prci`k`r icf iuglqun`r cp`rginùf c prci`kndn`ftc k`sirntcs `f `st` igpätulc, l`g iunkgkcsgd`ft` tckgs lgs gkv`rt`fings k` s`murnkgk
y lgs nfbcrdgincf`s prcpcrincfgkgs `f lgs s`iincf`s G-O-I k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl.
NDQC_[GF[@ Kurgft` lg bgs` k` k`si`fsc k`l dçstnl s`rç f`i`sgrnc gpr`tgr y dgft`f`r gpr`tgkcs egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg lcs octcf`s G-O pgrg nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf k` lcs dnircnft`rruptcr`s k` icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgkc dçxndc k` lcs igol`s y k` k`si`fsc dçxndc k`l orgzc k`l inf`dgtnsdc.
G[@FINÙF Lgs dgfncorgs qu` s` k`sirno`f g icftnfuginùf k`o`f s`r `b`itugkgs øfnigd`ft` scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf igpginkgk pcrtgft` gk`iugkg. G pgrtnr k` lg icfmurg icfmurginùf inùf icf dçstnl v`rtnigl
icrr`spcfkn`ft` g uf rgknc k` trgoghc fc sup`rncr gl dçxndc gkdntnkc k` 9,0 d, `b`itø` lgs snmun`ft`s cp`rgincf`s8
•
K@YDCF[GH@ E@__GDN@F[G
•
OGHGKG K@L DÇY[NL
Giincf` lg oghgkg k`l dçstnl y k`l inf`dgtnsdc egstg iclcigr `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl g fnv`l k`l t`iec k` lg igonfg cp`rgkcr. Icdpru`o` qu` lg pcsninùf k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng y k` lg ogrrg j`lly r`sp`tc gl dçstnl s`g lg nfknigkg `f lg murg: icdpru`o` qu` lg igo`zg k` muäg s` `fiu`ftr`
scor` `l `l`d`ftc prnfinpgl k`l dçstnl y k`oghc k`l gicplgdn`ftc k` lg prclcfmginùf sup`rncr pl`mgol` k`l dçstnl (gprcxndgkgd`ft` g 70/?1 id.). Icdpl`t` lg oghgkg k`l dçstnl egstg gligfzgr lg pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt` gitugfkc scor` `l inf`dgtnsdc.
G O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>7/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >7 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
K@YDCF[GH@ K@ LG OG__G J@LL^ •
Gorg lcs `strnocs k` lg igo`zg k` muäg quntgfkc lcs p`rfcs qu` lcs hgf `f pcsninùf i`rrgkg, mnr` lcs
`strnocs pgrg pck`rlcs k`sdcftgr y k`spuîs vu`lvg g iclcigr lcs p`rfcs.
•
Dgft`fn`fkc `f t`fsnùf `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl qu` scpcrtg lg ogrrg j`lly, iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl.
QgrgNDQC_[GF[@ glzgr `l dçstnl, gprn`t` y dgft`fmg gpr`tgkc egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg `l octùf G pgrg nfenonr lg nft`rv`finùf k`l dnircnft`rruptcr k` icftrcl k`l lädnt` k` `frcllgkc dçxndc k` lcs igol`s.
G[@FINÙF Kurgft` lg dgfncorg k` l`vgftgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl, gch` lcs igol`s k` lcs igor`stgft` mrgkugld`ft`.
•
Ogh` lg d`sg rctgtcrng y, y, gl dnsdc tn`dpc, gli` lg ogrrg j`lly pgrg qu` sglmg k` lg d`sg.
G[@FINÙF Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, kcs `figrmgkcs
`f `l su`lc k`o`f icftrcl d`kngft` iu`rkgs gtgkgs
g lg `xtr`dnkgk k` lg ogrrg `v`ftugl`s csinlgincf`s
p`lnmrcsgs k` lg dnsdg.
•
Nfilnf` `l dçstnl eging gk`lgft` k` ;± pgrg pck`r k`sdcftgr lg j`lly icf igo`zg k` muäg.
•
Ogh` lg ogrrg j`lly gl su`lc: k`spuîs k`splgi` l`ftgd`ft` lg dçqunfg eging gtrçs k`s`frcllgfkc `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl egstg iugfkc lg ogrrg `stî gpcygkg icdpl`tgd`ft` `f `l su`lc.
G
G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF Gft`s k` oghgr lg ogrrg j`lly `f `l su`lc, pnkg lg nft`rv`finùf k` uf s`mufkc cp`rgkcr g ocrkc k` lg
dçqunfg.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>?/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >? B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL •
Wunt` `l p`rfc k` hginùf G, k`s`frcll` `l igol` k`l
igor`stgft` prnfinpgl k`l `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l p`rfc.
•
g `frcllgr igol` k`l igor`stgft` gRu`lvg iclcigr `l dçstnl`l`f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl. prnfinpgl y
G
IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ QL@MGOL@ K@L DÇY[NL K`stcrfnll` lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s O y qunt` lcs p`rfcs G. K`sicf`it` lgs icf`xncf`s `lîitrnigs I. Qln`mu` `l `l`d`ftc k`l dçstnl `f pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`.
G O
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>9/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >9 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
DGFKC ENK_ÇPLNIC K@ IN@__@ K@L @L@D@F[C @L@D@F[C YPQ@_NC_ K@L DÇY[NL (CQINCFGL) Qgrg `l in`rr` k`l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
G
K`stcrfnll` lcs tcrfnllcs y lcs pgsgkcr`s M y qunt` lcs p`rfcs B. Icf`it` lcs gicplgdn`ftcs rçpnkcs G-O iclcigkcs `f lg plgig `f `l lgkc gft`rncr k` lg dçqunfg g lcs gicplgkcr`s I-K iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` sup`rncr
O
k` lg prclcfmginùf utnlnzgfkc lcs tuocs `xnol`s `f
-
kctginùf. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr. Mnr` `l s`l`itcr @ `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc pgrg i`rrgr lg prclcfmginùf dgft`fnîfkclc `f `stg pcsninùf egstg `l fgl k` lg dgfncorg.
-
Qgr` `l dctcr.
-
K`sicf`it` lcs tuocs `xnol`s k` lcs gicplgkcr gicplgkcr`s `s y
k`sigrmu` `l gi`nt` `f uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk.
G[@FINÙF Qgrg gligfzgr lg zcfg k` k`sdcftgh`, `l nfstglgkcr k`o` utnlnzgr `sigl`rgs y plgtgbcrdgs gîr`gs ecdclcmgkgs y `f ou`f `stgkc.
K
I
G[@FINÙF Qgrg `b`itugr lg dgfncorg k` dgf`rg s`murg y icrr`itg, prci`kg icf duiec iunkgkc y pnkg lg gsnst`fing k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc `f `l su`lc.
@
M
B
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>;/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >; B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
DCF[GH@ K@ LCY KNYQCYN[NRCY K@ DCF[GH@ OLCWP@C QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ Gplnqu` `l `strnoc k` hginùf K y `l suh`tgkcr @ k` olcqu`c
k`l `l`d`ftc sup`rncr k`l dçstnl. Qgrg `stg cp`rginùf, utnlni` colnmgtcrngd`ft` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg k` s`rvninc.
K
@
IN@__@ K@ LG QCL@G K@ _@@FRÄC K@L IGOL@ Q_NFINQGL K`s`fmgfie` lg igk`fg k`l dçstnl, kcol` lg pcl`g k` r``fväc G k`l igol` prnfinpgl y olcquî`lg `f pcsninùf. Icdpru`o` lg pcsninùf icrr`itg k` lcs igol`s.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>0/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >0 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L K@YDCF[GH@ @YQG×CL
@Y[_@IEGDN@F[C K@ LGY C_PMGY K@L @Y[_@IEGDN@F[C IG__C Lg icfmurginùf icf gfiec k` väg däfndc s` utnlnzg
øfnigd`ft` kurgft` lgs bgs`s k` trgfspcrt` pgrg r`kuinr `l gfiec k`l igrrc. Qgrg `str`iegr lgs crumgs, k`splgi` lg pglgfig O.
G[@FINÙF Y` gicfs`hg `str`iegr lgs crumgs `f dckc icftnfuc y snf nft`rrupincf`s egstg gligfzgr lg pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>2/902
PFINCFGDN@F[C ^ P YC - Q ÇMNFG >2 B PFINCFGDN@F[C P YC
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ @YQG×CL
NFY[_PIINCF@Y QG_G @L [_GFYQC_[@ Qgrg lg icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`, iclcqu` lg dçqunfg
icdc s` nfknig `f lg s`iinùf G “NFBC_DGINCF@Y M@F@_GL@Y— k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl. @f igsc k` trgfspcrt` k` lg dçqunfg scor` uf r`dclqu`, r`sp`t` lg pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt` gicfs`hgkg y lg v`lcinkgk p`rdntnkg pcr `l iùknmc k` inriulginùf k`l pgäs kcfk` s` inriulg. Ptnlni` øfnigd`ft` d`kncs k` trgfspcrt` y l`vgftgdn`ftc icf gk`iugkg igpginkgk. Kurgft` lg igrmg k` lg dçqunfg scor` `l v`eäiulc k` trgfspcrt` (y pcr icfsnmun`ft` kurgft` lg k`sigrmg k`l dnsdc v`eäiulc) lgs ru`kgs dctrni`s k`o`f `stgr `f lg pcsninùf dçs gltg, `s k`inr lg dçqunfg k`o` s`r igrmgkg prci`kn`fkc dgrieg gtrçs. Gft`s k` prci`k`r gl trgfspcrt` k` lg dçqunfg scor` uf d`knc k` trgfspcrt`, olcqu`` lg rctginùf k` lg tcrr`tg pgrg `vntgr iuglqun`r dcvndn`ftc k` îstg. Qgrg `xnm`fings k` trgfspcrt` y `l`vginùf pgrtniulgr`s, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I Y.p.G.
Q@LNM_C @stç prcenonkc mnrgr lg tcrr`tg iugfkc lg dçqunfg s` `fiu`ftrg scor` `l d`knc k` trgfspcrt`. Q`lnmrc k` vu`lic y rn`smc k` mrgv`s l`sncf`s
p`rscfgl`s. Qrci`kg icf lgs cp`rgincf`s k` igrmg y k`sigrmg g v`lcinkgk oghg pgrg `vntgr dcvndn`ftcs orusics y gi`l`rgincf`s ndprcvnsgs.
Q@LNM_C Fcrdgld`ft` `stç prcenonkc l`vgftgr lg dçqunfg.
@f `l igsc `f qu` `stg cp`rginùf s`g f`i`sgrng, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg
YCNLD@I pgrg nfbcrdgincf`s.
cot`f`r
lgs
f`i`sgrngs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>=/902
@YQG×CL
Y`iinùf K DGF[@FNDN@F[C
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ? D
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Äfkni` k` Y`iinùf FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF K@ LG Y@IINÙF ................................................= NF[_CKPIINÙF ...........................................................................................................................= C_MGFNXGINÙF ^ @Y[_PI[P_G .............................................................................................5 [GOLGY K@ _@YPD@F K@ NF[@_R@FINÙF ................... ......................................... ............................................ ..................................71 ............71 QLGIGY @UQLNIG[NRGY @UQLNIG[NRGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C..................... ........................................... ............................................ ........................... .....777
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C ^ LPO_NIGINÙF .............................79 _@YPD@F K@ LGY CQ@_GINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C DGF[@FNDN@F[C ................................................... ............................. ......................7; 7; COLNMC K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF ICFYPL[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL K@ PYC ......................................................................................... 7; ICF[_CL ^ GQ_N@[@ GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG ................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ................................. 7; @FM_GY@...................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................... 7; IGO@XG DÇY[NL ^ MPÄG OG__G J@LL^ J@LL^ .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................................. ................ 7; DÇY[NL, INF@DG[NYDC INF@DG[NYDC ^ IGO@XGL MN_G[C_NC MN_G[C_NC ............................................................................................... 70 IGO_@Y[GF[@Y ............................................................................................. IGO_@Y[GF[@Y ..................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................ 72 DC[C_ KN@Y@L ............................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................ 72 NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG ENK_ÇPLNIG ............................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... .................................... 7= IG__C K@ C_PMGY ^ _C[GINÙF [C__@[G [C__@[G ....................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... .............. 7=
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y........... ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ..................75 ......75 LNDQN@XG K@ LG DÇWPNFG ......................................................................................................7> NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF ENK_GPLNIG ...................... ........................................... ........................................... ............................................ ....................................7> ..............7> DC[C_ KN@Y@L .........................................................................................................................?1 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG.................... .......................................... ........................................... ........................................... ........................................?7 ..................?7 @FM_GY@ ^ LPO_NIGINÙF .....................................................................................................?? ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG .........................................................................................??
_@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINCF@Y KP_GF[@ @L _CKGH@ .....................?9 .....................?9 _@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY........... @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY ...................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................ .......................?0 ...........?0 _@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[ GOGY[@INDN@F[C C .......... ...................... ........................ .................90 .....90 _@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ BNL[_GINÙF ..................................................9>
_@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF ............ ....................... ....................... .......................;7 ...........;7 _@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@ ....................... ................................... ....................... ..................;0 .......;0
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
7>>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 9 D
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC ................... ............................... ........................ ....................... ....................... ........................;5 ............;5 M_GYG LPO_NIGF[@ ...............................................................................................................;5 GF[NCUNKGF[@Y .......................................................................................................................;5 KNYCLR@F[@Y C KNLP@F[@Y ..................................................................................................;5 GI@N[@Y LPO_NIGF[@Y ..........................................................................................................;5 GI@N[@ ENK_ÇPLNIC ................................................................................................................;> [GOLG K@ LCY GI@N[@Y @F _@LGINÙF G LG [@DQ@_G[P_G [@DQ@_G[P_G GDON@F[@ GDON@F[@ ..................................................... ;>
IG_OP_GF[@ ...........................................................................................................................01 LÄWPNKC GF[NEN@LC .................................................................................................................01 D@XILG K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C ...................................................................................................01
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING ........................ ................................... .................07 ......07 QG_@Y K@ [C_YNÙF .................................................................................................................07 [C_FNLL@_ÄG...........................................................................................................................................................07 [C_FNLL@_ÄG...........................................................................................................................................................07 @DQGLD@Y @DQ GLD@Y ENK_ÇPLNICY “KNF ?;— ? ;—...................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................... ............................... 0? Q@_FCY ICF _CYIG ^ Y@K@Y ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................ ................................ 0?
IGOL@Y ......................................................................................................................................0; ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ K@YMGY[@ ......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ................................................... 0; IGYCY K@ K@[@_NC_GINÙF................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................. ................................ 00 K@YMGY[@ ........................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................... 00 _C[P_G............................................................................................ _C[P_G .................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................ 05 LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF LPO_NIGINÙF .................................................................................................................................... 0> YNY[@DGY K@ GFILGH@ GFILGH@ K@ LCY @U[_@DCY K@ IGOL@ ................................................................................. 21 K@OCONFGKC ^ @F_CLLGKC YCO_@ [GDOC_....................................................................................... [GDOC_................................................................................................. .......... 27
QCL@GY ......................................................................................................................................2? ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ K@YMGY[@ ......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ................................................... 2? LPO_NIGINÙF ................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................... 29
ICDQCF@F[@Y ENK_ÇPLNICY ..............................................................................................2; NFY[_PIINCF@Y K@ DCF[ DCF[GH@ GH@ ............................................................................................................................ 2; [POCY BL@UNOL@Y .............................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................... 2; @DQGLD@Y @DQ GLD@Y ENK_ÇPLNICY ................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .................................................. 20
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y NF[@_R@FINC F@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C ........... ....................... ........................ ....................... ......................22 ...........22 IG__C K@ C_PMGY.................................................................................................................22 C_PMGY.................................................................................................................22 DC[C__@KPI[C_ K@ [_GYLGINÙF DC[C__@KPI[C_ [_GYLGINÙF .................................................................................... .................................................................................................................. .............................. 22 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@.......................................................................................... 22 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................ ................................................... 22 ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ [@FYNÙF C_PMGY................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............ 2= ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK @Y[GFWP@NKGK HPF[G HPF[G ENK_ÇPLNIG ............................................................................................... 25
ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK @Y[GFWP@NKGK _CKNLLCY ^ _P@KGY K@ [@FYNÙF C_PMGY .................................................... 25 LNDQN@XG ^ @FM_GY@ [_GRN@YGY [_GRN@YGY [@L@YIÙQNIGY ......................................................................................... 2> ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ HP@MC [_GRN@YGY [@L@YIÙQNIGY............................................................................... [@L@YIÙQNIGY ............................................................................... 2>
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?11/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ; D
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
YPY[N[PINÙF QG_[@Y QG_[@Y K@[@_NC_GKGY ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ................ =1 ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG QG QG[NF@Y ....................................................................................................... =7
[C__@[G [C__@[ G..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .......................=? .=? DC[C__@KPI[C_@Y DC[C__@KPI[ C_@Y K@ _C[GINÙF ................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. ................................. =? ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@.......................................................................................... =? @FM_GY@ IC_CFG K@ MN_C MN_C ................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................ .................................... =9 @FM_GY@ ONYGM_GY IGQÙY K@ NFYQ@IINÙF NFYQ@IINÙF .................................................................................................. .................................................................................... .............. =9 ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ [GDQCF@Y K@ GQC^C DÇY[NL ..................................................................................... =;
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ......................................................................................................=0 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L LÄWPNKC K@[@_M@F[@ LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY .............................. =0 ICF[_CL ^ YPY[N[PINÙF @YICONLLGY LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY ....................................................................... =0 @FM_GY@ ONYGM_GY QP@_[G QP@_[G IGONFG ............................................................................................. .............................................................................................................. ................. =2 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF K@ GN_@GINÙF ^ IGL@B IGL@BGIINÙF GIINÙF ................................................................................... ................................................................................................. .............. =2 ICF[_CL ^ LNDQN@XG @L@D@F[C BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_C K@ GN_@ @U[@_NC_ ................................................... =2 YPY[N[PINÙF @L@D@F[C BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_GF[@ ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ................. =2 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF GN_@ GICFKNINCFGKC ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ................. == ICF[_CL ^ LNDQN@XG ICFK@FYGKC_ ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................... ................ =5 ICF[_CL @BNIN@FING ICDQ_@YC_ MGY _@B_NM@_GF[@.............................................................................. => ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF [@FYNÙF IC__@G ICDQ_@YC_ ........................................................................... 51 YPY[N[PINÙF IC__@G ICDQ_@YC_ ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ................. 51
DC[C_ KN@Y@L .........................................................................................................................57 K@QÙYN[C IG_OP_GF[@................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................................... ..................................... 5? ICF[_CL FNR@L IG_OP_GF[@ IG_OP_GF[@ ......................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................ ................................... 5? GOGY[@INDN@F[C ICF @L@I[_COCDOG @L@I[_COCDOG ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ................ 59 LNDQN@XG BNL[_C BNL[_C [POC @L@I[_COCDOG ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ................ 5; GOGY[@INDN@F[C QC_ @L [G [GQÙF QÙF K@ _@LL@FC ................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............. 50 LNDQN@XG BNL[_C [GQÙF K@ _@LL@FC ............................................................................................................... ............................................... ................................................................ 52 K@YIG_MG Y@KND@F[CY K@ ICFK@FYGINÙF ICFK@FYGINÙF ................................................................................................. 5= K@YIG_MG ^ LGR LGRGKC K@QÙYN[C IG_OP_GF[@ .................................................................................. ............................................................................................... ............. 5= NFY[GLGINÙF K@ GLND@F[ NFY[GLGINÙF GLND@F[GINÙF GINÙF IG_OP_GF[@.................................................................................. .............................................................................................. ............ 55 NFYQ@IINÙF NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[GLGINÙF ^ K@[@IINÙF K@[@IINÙF K@ QÎ_KNKGY ................................................................................ 55 K@YIG_MG Y@KND@F[CY K@ ICFK@FYGINÙF BNL[_C Y@QG_GKC_............................................................. Y@QG_GKC_ ............................................................. 5> YPY[N[PINÙF BNL[_C Y@QG_GKC_ ..................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... .................................. 5> YPY[N[PINÙF IG_[PIEC BNL[_C IG_OP_GF[@ ............................................................................................. >1 QP_MG K@ GN_@ K@L YNY[@DG K@ GLND@F[GINÙF............................................................................................. >7 YNY[@DG K@ GYQN_GINÙF K@L GN_@................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ................................. >? ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ [POCY K@ MCDG ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ................ >? LNDQN@XG Q_@BNL[_C Q_@BNL[_C ^ RÇL RÇLRPLGY RPLGY K@ K@YIG_MG QCLRC QCLRC BNL[_C K@ GN_@ .................................................. >? YPY[N[PINÙF @L@D@F[C BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_C K@L GN_@ .................................................................................. >9 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF K@ LPO_NIGINÙF ........................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................... .................................. >; ICF[_CL FNR@L K@ GI@N[@ .............................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................. .................................... >;
_@Y[ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C GOL@INDN@F[C K@ GI@N[@ .............................................................................................. K@ ............................................................................................................... ................. >0 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@FNR@L ............................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................................... ...................................................... >2 YPY[N[PINÙF IG_[PIEC BNL[_C BNL[_C K@ GI@N[@ GI@N[@ ................................................................................................... >= NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C ..................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................ ................................... >5 ICF[_CL FNR@L D@XILG K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C ..................................................................................... .................................................................................................... ............... >5
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?17/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 0 D
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
_@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L D@XILG K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C.................................................................................. >> _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C K@YIG_MG D@XILG K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C ................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................... ........... 711 LGR LG RGKC NFY[GLGINÙF K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C.............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................ .......... 717 _@LL@FC NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[GLGINÙF K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C ........................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... .......... 71? ICF[_CL ^ LNDQN@XG _GKNGKC_.......................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... ............................. 719 NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG DC[C_ .................................................................................................................... 71; ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF [@FYNÙF [ @FYNÙF IC__@G GL[@_FGKC_ GL[@_FGKC_......................................................................... 71; YPY[N[PINÙF IC__@G GL[@_FGKC_ GL[@_FGKC_ .................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... ........................... 71;
NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG.................... .......................................... ............................................ ............................................ .....................................710 ...............710 OG[@_ÄGY ........................................................................................ OG[@_ÄGY .............................................................................................................................................................. ...................................................................... 710 ICF[_CL IN_IPN[C K@ _@IG_MG ....................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ............................. 710 GQ_@[GDN@F[C GQ_@[ GDN@F[C ^ LNDQN@XG LNDQN@XG OC_F@Y OC_F@Y .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................ ............................ 712 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GO _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C L@INDN@F[C FNR@L @L@I[_CLN[C @L@I[_CLN[C ................................................................................. ............................................................................ ..... 71= ICF[_CL K@FYNKGK @L@I[_CLN[C (ICFKNINÙF K@ IG_MG) ...................................................................... 71= YPY[N[PINÙF OG[@_ÄGY..................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ................................................. 715
NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG ...................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ .................................71> ...........71> K@QÙYN[C GI@N[@ ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................... ............................. ICF[_CL FNR@L K@ENK_ÇPLNIC GI@N[@ ENK_ÇPLNIC ......................................................................................................... ............................................................................................... .......... 71> 71> _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[ GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@ QC_ @L@I[_COCDOG ...................................................................... 771 LNDQN@XG BNL[_C [POC @L@I[_COCDOG ............................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................77 ...........777 7 _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[ GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@ QC_ @L BNL[_C.................................................................................. 77? YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ENK_ÇPLNIC ....................................................................................... ................................................................................................................... ............................ 779 K@YIG_MG Y@KND@F[CY K@ ICFK@FYGINÙF ICFK@FYGINÙF ............................................................................................... 779 YPY[N[PINÙF @L@D@F[C BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_GF[@ BNL[_C BNL[_C K@ GI@N[@ GI@N[@ ............................................................................. ........................ ..................................................... 77; YPY[N[PINÙF IG_[PIEC IG_[PIEC K@ QP_MG QP_MG GN_@ ........................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... .......... 770 ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK @Y[GFWP@NKGK _GIC_@Y ^ [POCY [POCY ............................................................................................. 772 ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF Q_@YNCF@Y ENK_ÇPLNIGY K@ [_GOGHC [_GOGHC .......................................................... 77= ICF[_CL ^ LNDQN@XG LNDQN@XG _GKNGKC_ _GKNGKC_ GI@N[@ ....................................................................................................... 775
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y .....................................................................................................................77> IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL.................................................................................. Q_NFINQGL.................................................................................................................................. ................................................ 7?1 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@........................................................................................ 7?1 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ......................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ................................................. 7?1 @FM_GY@ ICHNF@[@ YCQC_[@ [GDOC_................................................................................................ [GDOC_.......................................................................................................... .......... 7?7 ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF Q_@YNÙF _CKNLLC Q_@FYGIGOL@ Q_@FYGIGOL@ ..................................................................... 7?? IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[ GF[@ GPUNLNG_ .................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................... ................................................ 7?9 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@........................................................................................ 7?9 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ......................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ................................................. 7?9
DÇY[NL .....................................................................................................................................7?; @FM_GY@ IGYWPNLLCY Q@_FCY Q@_FCY ......................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... ............................. 7?; @FM_GY@ IGYWPNLLCY IGYWPNLLCY INLNFK_CY ..................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ............................ 7?0 LNDQN@XG ^ @FM_GY@ @FM_GY@ MPÄGY K@ K@YLNXGDN@F[C .................................................................................. ......................................................................................... ....... 7?0
QCL@GY........................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................. ....................................................................... 7?2 ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ ......................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ................................................. 7?2 LPO_NIGINÙF ................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................... 7?2 YPY[N[PINÙF .................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................ .................................................................... 7?= ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ HP@MC G_[NIPLGINÙF DÇY[NL .................................................................................... 7?5
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?1?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 2 D
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
IGOL@Y ....................................................................................................................................7?> ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ K@YMGY[@ ...................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 7?> LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF LPO_NIGINÙF .................................................................................................................................. 7?> YPY[N[PINÙF ................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................ ....................................................... 791 IGOL@ IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL Q_NFINQGL ...................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... ................................ 791 IGOL@ IGO_@Y[GF[@ IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ GPUNLNG_ ....................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................ ................................. 79? ICF[_CL YPH@INÙF @U[_@DCY IGOL@Y YCO_@ LCY IGO_@Y[GF[@Y IGO_@Y[GF[@Y .................................................. 79;
D@YG _C[ _C[G G[C_NG...................... ............................................ ............................................ ............................................ ........................................... ...........................790 ......790 _@KPI[C_ K@ OGY@ ....................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 790 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@........................................................................................ 790 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ...................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 790 DC[C__@KPI[C_ DC[C__@KPI[ C_ NFB@_NC_ ........................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. .................................. 792 ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L K@ GI@N[@........................................................................................ 792 YPY[N[PINÙF GI@N[@ ...................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 792 YPY[N[PINÙF BNL[_C BNL[_C K@ GI@N[@ YNY[@DG K@ LPO_NIGINÙF D@YG _C[G[C_NG _C[G[C_NG .................................... 79= GHPY[@ NF[@__PQ[C_@Y K@ BLPHC YNY[@DG K@ LPO_NIGINÙF D@YG _C[G[C_NG _C[G[C_NG.............................. 79= QG[NF@Y K@ K@YLNXGDN@F[C ............................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................. ................................. 795 ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ ...................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 795 YPY[N[PINÙF ................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................ ....................................................... 79> @FM_GY@ K@L DGFMPN[C NF[@_FC.................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ............................... 7;1
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^ ..............................................................................................7;7 LPO_NIGINÙF @L@D@F[ @L@D@F[C C K@ _C[ _C[GINÙF GINÙF .......................................................................................... ....................................................................................................... ............. 7;7 LPO_NIGINÙF IGO@XG K@ MPÄG J@LL^ J@LL^ ............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................... .............. 7;? ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ QG QG[NF@Y K@ MPÄG ............................................................................................. .......................................................................................................... ............. 7;? YPY[N[PINÙF QG QG[NF@Y K@ MPÄG ........................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................ ................................ 7;9 ICF[_CL ^ LGRGKC LGRGKC @L@D@F[CY [@L@YIÙQNICY OG__G J@LL^ J@LL^ ............................................................. 7;;
E@__GDN@F[GY ......................................................................................................................7;0 ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ K@YMGY[@ ...................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .................................................... 7;0 LNDQN@XG ^ LGR LGRGKC GKC ............................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................... .................................................... 7;2
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?19/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG = D
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF K@ LG Y@IINÙF NF[_CKPIINÙF Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` `dp`zgr lgs cp`rgincf`s cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc y/c r`pgrginùf icfsult` gt`ftgd`ft` lg Y`iinùf O r`lgtnvg g lg Y@MP_NKGK. Y@MP_NKGK. Qr`st` lg dçxndg dçxndg gt`finùf g tckgs lgs GKR@_[@FINGY K@ Y@MP_NKGK intgkgs `f igkg igpätulc. Lg icdpl`hnkgk k` lg dçqunfg g lg iugl s` r``r`
`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl egi` f`i`sgrng ufg suoknvnsnùf snst`dçtnig k` lg dçqunfg `f M_PQCY BPFINCFGL@Y
Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` `b`itøgf nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg c `f iuglqun`r igsc `f gus`fing k`l cp`rgkcr `f lg igonfg, `s colnmgtcrnc iclcigr uf igrt`l k` DÇWPNFG BP@_G K@ Y@_RNINC `f `l nft`rncr k`l pu`stc k` dgfkc, pr`b`rnol`d`ft` iclcigkc `f `l icfdutgkcr k` pu`stg `f dgrieg scor` `l tgol`rc k` dgfkcs. Lg pr`s`fing k`l igrt`l egrç qu` s`g `vnk`ft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr `f `s` dcd`ftc.
k` nfd`kngtg nk`ftniginùf.
@stg k`sicdpcsninùf, crmgfnzgkg y `struiturgkg `f bufinùf k` lg nft`rv`finùf qu` s` k`o` `b`itugr, s`rvnrç gl `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc pgrg crn`ftgrs`
Q@LNM_C Yn `f pgrtniulgr`s nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc bu`rg f`i`sgrnc pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr tîrdnic,
`sp`iäigd`ft` scor` `l icdpcf`ft` qu` k`o` s`r dgfnpulgkc.
`stc s`rç nfknigkc `f`l`l nft`rncr k`lK`hgfkc r`lgtnvcilgrc igpätulc kcfk` s` prcbufknzg grmud`ftc. qu` kcfk` fc s` `sp`inig, `l dctcr k`o` p`rdgf`i`r colnmgtcrngd`ft` gpgmgkc.
Lgs tgolgs k` r`sud`f s`rçf utnlnzgkgs icdc MPÄGY K@ Q_CM_GDG pgrg lgs prnd`rgs y sui`snvgs nft`rv`fincf`s icf `l f k` `vntgr qu` fnfmufg s`g
clvnkgkg. Qgrg dçqunfgs p`rbcrgkcrgs `l dgft`fndn`ftc r`pr`s`ftg uf gsp`itc bufkgd`ftgl k`onkc scor` tckc g lgs icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s k` trgoghc y g lgs bu`rt`s sclnintgincf`s d`içfnigs. Pf dgft`fndn`ftc r`mulgr k` lg dçqunfg `f icfbcrdnkgk icfbc rdnkgk icf lgs nfknigincf`s icft`fnkgs `f `stg s`iinùf `vntgrç uf k`smgst` pr`icz y icftrnounrç g dgft`f`r nfglt`rgkgs `f `l tn`dpc lgs igrgit`rästnigs k` bufincfglnkgk y k` s`murnkgk. @l r`sp`itc nfknsp`fsgol` k` lcs nft`rvglcs k` nft`rv`finùf y su prcmrgdginùf p`rdntnrçf gk`dçs `ficftrgr nfd`kngtgd`ft` `v`ftugl`s gfcdglägs y `vntgr pgrgkgs k`sgmrgkgol`s y knsp`fkncsgs kurgft` lg utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg.
G[@FINÙF Ynmg `sirupulcsgd`ft` lcs Q_CM_GDGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C intgkcs `f `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl yg s`g `f `l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg gsä icdc `f `l p`rnckc k` pcst-mgrgftäg. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` `l nfiudplndn`ftc k` uf fcrdgl k`sgrrcllc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg tckgs lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc r`lgtnvgs gl dctcr y g su nfstglginùf, egmg r`b`r`fing gl r`lgtnvc dgfugl qu` s` gkhuftg g lg pr`s`ft` kciud`ftginùf tîifnig.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?1;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 5 D
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
C_MGFNXGINÙF ^ @Y[_PI[P_G Lg crmgfnzginùf k` lgs nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc pgrg `stg `sp`iäig tnpclcmäg k` dçqunfgs k` corg,
`f icfbcrdnkgk icf lgs fcrdgs NYC vnm`ft`s, eg snkc `struiturgkg k` dgf`rg qu` lg dçqunfg s`g knvnknkg gft`s `f M_PQCY BPFINCFGL@Y (7± y ?± fnv`l). @f igkg mrupc bufincfgl s`rçf trgtgkgs `f sui`snùf tckgs lgs nft`rv`fincf`s (9± fnv`l) r`lgtnvgs g lcs icdpcf`ft`s `sp`iäics. Yn `f `l nft`rncr k` uf mrupc bufincfgl (7± y
?± fnv`l) `stç pr`s`ft` uf icdpcf`ft` qu` f`i`sntg kcs c dçs nft`rv`fincf`s, s`rç nftrckuinkc uf ult`rncr fnv`l (;± fnv`l) icdc s` nfknig `f `l `h`dplc g icftnfuginùf.
7±FNR@L NF[@_R@FIN NF[@_R@FINCF@Y CF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[ DGF[@FNDN@F[C C ?± Fnv`l
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
9± Fnv`l 9± Fnv`l 9± Fnv`l c 9± Fnv`l ;± Fnv`l ;± Fnv`l
ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF [@FYNÙF C_PMGY LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF [_G [_GRN@YGY RN@YGY C_PMGY ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_NG DC[C__@KPI[C_ K@ [_GYLGINÙF DC[C__@KPI[C_ Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` Yustntuinùf gi`nt`
G igkg nft`rv`finùf (9± c ;± fnv`l) l` icrr`spcfk` uf nft`rvglc `sp`iäic qu` k`o`rç s`r r`sp`tgkc icf
iunkgkc. Lg murg y lg tgolg snmun`ft`s k`tgllgf `stcs nft`rvglcs8
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY UUU EC_GY
G
IGKG UUU EC_GY
O
IGKG UUU EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC
I
IGKG UUU EC_GY GL BNFGL K@L [_GOGHC
I
@FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC
K
IPGFKC @Y F@I@YG_NC
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?10/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG > D
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
Qcs. Qc s. G
O
[np npc c k` nf nft` t`rv rv`f `fin inùf ùf Qlgz Qlgzc c k` `h `h`i `iui uinù nùf f G `b`itugr K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01-711-?01-011 EC_GY sclc y @f rckgh` `xilusnvgd`ft` kurgft` `l p`rnckc k` rckgh` k` lg dçqunfg, qu`kgfkc rd` lg `h`iuinùf k` lgs nft`rv`fincf`s crknfgrngs igkg 71-01-711-?01-011 ecrgs. Crknfgrnc
I
Crknfgrnc
K
@xtrgcrknfgrnc
@
@xtrgcrknfgrnc
G `b`itugr IGKG 71-01-711-?01-011-7111-?111 EC_GY g pgrtnr k` lg prnd`rg pu`stg `f dgrieg k` lg dçqunfg, qu`kgfkc rd` lg `h`iuinùf k` lgs nft`rv`fincf`s `f rckgh` k`ftrc k` lgs prnd`rgs 01-711-?01-011 ecrgs. G `b`itugr IGKG UU EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC colnmgtcrngd`ft` k`ftrc k` uf p`rnckc k` tn`dpc `stgol`inkc s`møf `xnm`fings purgd`ft` t`ifclùmnigs. G `b`itugr `f igsc k` Y@×GLNXGINÙF K@ PFG LPX K@ GRNYC `f `l tgol`rc k` dgfkc, bu`rg k` lcs nft`rvglcs k` s`rvninc crknfgrncs prcmrgdgol`s. G `b`itugr IPGFKC @Y F@I@YG_NC, bu`rg k` lcs nft`rvglcs k` s`rvninc crknfgrncs prcmrgdgol`s.
Lgs nft`rv`fincf`s k` tckcs lcs mrupcs bufincfgl`s (7± fnv`l) s`rçf r`sudnkgs `f crk`f k` nft`rvglcs k` tn`dpc `f tgolgs `sp`iäbigs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?12/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 71 D
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
[GOLGY K@ _@YPD@F K@ NF[@_R@FINÙF G
O D 7; GNF[@FGFI@ - Q GM@
GNF[@FGFI@ GM@ ?1 - Q ?1 D
DGNF[@FGFI@ YPDDG_^ [GOL@Y
DGNF[@FGFI@ YPDDG_^ [GOL@Y @FMLNYE
Y`rvni` nft`rvgl8
`v`ry
71 ecurs
◃
M`f`rgl nfsp`itncf Luornigt`
01
711
?01
011
7111
?111
O`lcw ycu„ll fk te` `xplnigtncf cb te` sydocls us`k nf te` “dgnft`fgfi` suddgry tgol`—.
◃ Colnmgtncf cb icfsultnfm te` us` gfk dgnft`fgfi` dgfugl
D`iegfnigl nft`rbgi` gfk jnf`dgtni ufnt Luornigt`
◃
_cp`s
◃
Ie`ij bcr w`gr
]G_FNFM [ens plgt` nfknigt`s tegt nt ns colnmgtcry tc icfsult te` Ps` gfk Dgnft`fgfi` dgfugl cb te` dgienf`, bcr k`tgnls cf te` vgrncus cp`rgtncfs cb dgnft`fgfi` gfk te` r`l`vgft prckuits cb icfsudptncf. [ens ns o`igus` nt ns f`i`ssgry tc bcllcw sp`ini prci`kur`s tegt igffct o` k`sirno`k cf te` plgt`.
◃ ◃
J`lly swnv`l Luornigt` Ie`ij rctgtncf
Ie`ijnfm gfk tnmet`fnfm oclts
_ctgry ufnt Ie`ij te` cnl l`v`l cb te` ogs` r`kuitncf m``gr Mr`gs` te` ogs` r`kuitncf m`gr Ie`ij te` cnl l`v`l cb te` icff`itcr ecusnfm
◃ □ ◃ □ ◃ □
Iegfm` te` cnl nf te` icff`itcr ecusnfm Ie`ij te` cnl l`v`l cb te` upp`r m`grdctcr Iegfm` te` cnl nf te` upp`r m`grdctcr Ie`ij te` cnl l`v`l cb te` lcw`r m`grdctcr Iegfm` te` cnl nf te` lcw`r m`grdctcr
◃
◃ ◃ ◃ ◃ ◃
Ie`ij te` slnknfm olcijs bcr w`gr Ie`ij te` plgy
Mr`gs` gll te` pgrts r`qunrnfm luornigtncf (`v`f nb fct r`pr`s`ft`k nf te` pnitur`).
◃
Mr`gs` te` pnstcf ousenfm cb te` pull-kcwf iylnfk`r
◃
Ie`ij te` tnmet`fnfm cb oclts gfk futs
◃
Rnsugl nfsp`itncf
Igte`gk gfk j`lly munk` e`gk
Ouij`t strnj`r gfm` Ie`ij te` plgy
◃
Luornigt`
◃
J`lly munk` e`gk Ie`ij te` slnknfm olcijs bcr w`gr
◃
Luornigt`
◃ ◃
Ie`ij te` tnmet`fnfm cb oclts gfk futs
Igte`gk
◃ ◃
Icdc yg s` eg intgkc `f lg pgrt` nftrckuitnvg, lgs tgolgs k` r`sud`f p`rdnt` ir`gr uf äfkni` y r`ufnr tckgs lgs nft`rv`fincf`s `sp`iäigs k` igkg Mrupc Bufincfgl
k` dgf`rg qu` s` pu`kg cot`f`r uf iugkrc m`f`rgl k` tckc `l prcmrgdg k` dgft`fndn`ftc. @st` dgfugl utnlnzg tgolgs K@YI_NQ[NRGY (r`b. G) y tgolgs BNMP_G[NRGY (r`b. O) qu` r`øf`f tckgs lgs nft`rv`fincf`s `sp`iäigs `f bufinùf k`l r`lgtnvc plgzc
k` `h`iuinùf.
Mr`gsnfm
◃
Iegfm` te` slnknfm olcijs
Luornigt`
Ie`ij gfk tnmet`f te` oclts cb gll pgrts (`v`f nb fct r`pr`s`ft`k nf te` pnitur`).
◃ □ ◃
Iegfm` te` cnl nf te` ogs` r`kuitncf m`gr
Ie`ij te` se`gv`s bcr w`gr
@FMLNYE
DGNF[@FGFI@ YPDDG_^
ecurs ecurs ecurs ecurs ecurs ecurs
(7)8
Mr`gs` te` dnirc-swntie trgfsdnssncf ousenfm.
(7)8
Mr`gs` Mr`g s` te` e` swnv swnv`l. `l.
(7)8
Mr`gs` Mr`g s` te` pgk suppcrtnfm suppcrtnfm orgij` orgij`ts. ts.
(?)8
Mr`gs` Mr`g s` te` j`lly j`lly munk` munk` e`gk. e`gk.
(9)8
Ie`ijj te` rcp`s Ie`i rcp`s bcr w`gr `gr..
(;)88 (;)
Mr`gs Mr `gs` ` te` rcp`s rcp`s..
(0)8
Mr`gs` Mr`g s` te` se`gv`s se`gv`s gfk ie`ij bcr bcr w`gr. w`gr.
(;)
(9)
(7)
(?)
(0)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?1=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77 7
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
QLGIGY @UQLNIG[NRGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C Lgs plgigs nlustrgkgs `f `st` igpätulc `stçf gplnigkgs g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg y/c `f `l nft`rncr k` lg igpctg icf `l
Lg tgolg snmun`ft` icftn`f` uf äfkni` k` lgs plgigs y lgs r`lgincfg gl M_PQC BPFINCFGL k` p`rt`f`fing.
f k` nfknigr nfd`kngtgd`ft` lg zcfg k` iclciginùf k` uf `l`d`ftc `sp`iäic scor` `l iugl s` k`o`rç nft`rv`fnr.
K` lg nfkniginùf k`l `l`d`ftc s` r`dcftgrç pcr icfsnmun`ft` g lg tnpclcmäg k` nft`rv`finùf qu` s` k`o` `b`itugr.
Qcs. Yndoclcmäg
K`sirnpinùf
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Rçlvulg k` k`sigrmg k`pùsntc igrourgft`
7
Qcs. Yndoclcmäg Yndoclcmäg
1>09 011=
1>09 017?
DC[C_ KN@Y@L [gpùf k` r`ll`fc k`pùsntc igrourgft` [uo`räg ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc igrourgft` (sn nfstglgkg c `f kctginùf)
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Bnltrc/s igrourgft`
9
1>09 0175
>
DC[C_ [gpùf k`KN@Y@L pr`snùf pgrg nftrckuiinùf d`zilg r`brnm`rgft`
71
1>09 017=
1>09 0112
DC[C_ KN@Y@L [gpùf k` k`sigrmg k` sigrmg içrt`r gi`nt` luornigft` 1>09 0119
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Rçlvulg/s k` k`sigrmg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` 1>09 0117
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Fnv`l igrourgft`
0
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Rgrnllg k` fnv`l gi`nt` luornigft`
5
1>09 0177
;
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Bnltrc/s gi`nt` luornigft`
=
1>09 011?
?
K`sirnpinùf
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Bnltrc k` gnr`
77
1>09 0170
_@KPI[C_@Y-
2
7?
DC[C_ [gpùf k`KN@Y@L r`ll`fc gi`nt` luornigft`
GICQLGKC_@Y [gpùf k` k`sigrmg gi`nt` luornigft`
1>09 0115
1>09 0110
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?15/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7? D
FC_DGY K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF @YQG×CL
Qcs. Yndoclcmäg
K`sirnpinùf _@KPI[C_@YGICQLGKC_@Y [gpùf k` r`ll`fc gi`nt` luornigft`
79
Qcs. Yndoclcmäg
1>09 017>
_@KPI[C_@YGICQLGKC_@Y Bnltrcs gi`nt` luornigft`
7;
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Giudulgkcr enkrçulnic oghc pr`snùf
?7
1>09 017;
1>09 0155
_@KPI[C_@YGICQLGKC_@Y
70
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Fnv`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic
?1
1>09 0171
K`sirnpinùf
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG K`sigrmg pr`snùf giudulgkcr
??
Fnv`l gi`nt` luornigft` 1>09 01?1
1>09 070>
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Rçlvulg k` k`sigrmg gi`nt` enkrçulnic
72
1>09 011;
1>09 0151
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG [uo`räg ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc gi`nt` enkrçulnic (sn nfstglgkg c `f kctginùf)
7=
1>09 01?7
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Bnltrc gi`nt` enkrçulnic 1>09 0179
1>09 0172
FNR@L M@FÎ_NIC Icfkninùf k` fnv`l DÄF.
?0
1>09 01??
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Qurmgkcr k` gnr` k`pùsntc gi`nt` enkrçulnic
7>
FNR@L M@FÎ_NIC Icfkninùf k` fnv`l DÇU.
?;
1>09 011>
75
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG Ighg busnol`s y/c busnol`s
?9
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?1>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 79 D
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C ^ LPO_NIGINÙF Lg snmun`ft` tgolg s` gplnig scor` lg dçqunfg, icdc gke`snvc, pgrg cbr`i`r gl cp`rgkcr uf k` lgs nft`rv`fincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc qu`r`sud`f k`o`f s`r `b`itugkgs. G[@FINÙF G [@FINÙF @b`itø` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc y luorniginùf crknfgrng `xplnigkgs k` bcrdg snftîtnig g lcs nft`rvglcs (e) nfknigkcs. @f pr`s`fing k` uf kcol` nft`rvglc (`h.711-011e), `l dçs or`v` s` r``r` g `dpl`cs dçs p`sgkcs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?71/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7; D
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LGY CQ@_GINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C G icftnfuginùf s` `xplnigf lcs sädoclcs utnlnzgkcs `f lg “tgolg k` r`sud`f k` dgft`fndn`ftc—.
COLNMC K@ ICFYPL[GINÙF K@L DGFPGL K@ PYC G[@FINÙF @stg iglicdgfäg s`÷glg lg colnmginùf k` icfsultgr `l dgfugl k` usc y dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg pgrg dçs k`tgll`s r`lgtnvcs g lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc y g lcs prckuitcs k` icfsudc pgrg utnlnzgr. @stc pcrqu` `s f`i`sgrnc gt`f`rs` g prci`kndn`ftcs `sp`iäics qu` fc pu`k`f s`r `xplnigkcs `f ufg `tnqu`tg.
ICF[_CL ^ GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG Icftrcl y gprn`t` k` tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs guf sn fc `stçf r`pr`s`ftgkcs `f murg.
@FM_GY@ Luorniginùf k` tckcs lcs `l`d`ftcs qu` f`i`sntgf `fmrgs` guf sn fc `stçf r`pr`s`ftgkcs `f murg.
IGO@XG DÇY[NL ^ MPÄG OG__G J@LL^ (7)8 Luorniginùf
igsqunllc
pglgfig
k`
trgfsdnsnùf
dnircnft`rruptcr. (7)8 Luorniginùf igo`zg. (7)8 Luorniginùf scpcrt`s pcrtg pgtnf`s. (?)8 Luorniginùf igo`zg k` muäg vçstgmc. (9)8 Icftrcl `stgkc k` k`smgst` igol`s. (;)8 Luorniginùf igol`s. (0)8 Luorniginùf pcl`gs y icftrcl `stgkc k` k`smgst`.
(;)
(9)
(7)
(?)
(0)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?77/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 70 D
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
DÇY[NL, INF@DG[NYDC ^ IGO@XGL MN_G[C_NC (7)
(7)8 Luorniginùf igsqunllcs grtniulginùf `ftr` `l`d`ftc
sup`rncr y `l`d`ftc i`ftrgl dçstnl. (?)8 Luorniginùf igsqunllcs inlnfkrcs k` `l`vginùf dçstnl. (?)8 Luorniginùf puftcs k` ufnùf inf`dgtnsdc. (?)8 Luorniginùf igsqunllcs tnrgft`s k` k ` icf`xnùf `ftr`
(;)
inf`dgtnsdc y tcrr`tg.
(?)
(9)8 Luorniginùf igsqunllcs `ftr` `l`d`ftc `l `d`ftc nfb`rncr nfb `rncr y
`l`d`ftc i`ftrgl dçstnl.
(0)
(9)8 Luorniginùf igsqunllc grtniulginùf pn`. (9)8 Luorniginùf p`rfc k` icf`xnùf i cf`xnùf pn` t`l`siùpnic t`l`siùpni c y
(9)
ogs` k` gpcyc gl su`lc. (;)8 Luorniginùf kngrng igo`zgl mnrgtcrnc. (0)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` igo`zgl
mnrgtcrnc.
(2)
(2)8 Yustntuinùf Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igo`zgl mnrgtcrnc.
D@YG _C[G[C_NG (7)8 Luorniginùf muägs muä gs k` k`slnzgdn`ftc k`slnz gdn`ftc d`sg rctgtcrng rct gtcrng
(9)
scor` dçstnl.
(?)
(?)8 Luorniginùf puftc k` ufnùf inlnfkrc pull-kcwf scor`
d`sg rctgtcrng. (9)8 Icftrcl
kngrnc
fnv`l
k`
gi`nt`
(7)
(0)
dctcrr`kuitcr
sup`rncr.
(;)
(;)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn r`stgol`indn`ftc `ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr
sup`rncr.
(;)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`in r`stgol`indn`ftc dn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` igdpgfg k`
gicplgdn`ftc d`sg rctgtcrng. (0)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr sup`rncr. (2)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igdpgfg k` gicplgdn`ftc. (2)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` r`kuitcr k` ogs` d`sg rctgtcrng. (=)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn r`stgol`indn`ftc `ftc fnv`l gi`nt` r`kuitcr k`
ogs` d`sg rctgtcrng. (=)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn r`stgol`indn`ftc `ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr
(2)
(=)
nfb`rncr.
(7)
(5)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr.
(5)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?7?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 72 D
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y (7)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`in r`stgol`indn`ftc dn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` igor`stgft`
prnfinpgl. (?)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl. (9)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`in r`stgol`indn`ftc dn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` igor`stgft`
guxnlngr.
(;)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` guxnlngr.
(7)
(9)
(?)
(;)
DC[C_ KN@Y@L (7)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l igrourgft`. (?)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcr kn`s`l. kn`s`l. (9)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcr kn`s`l. (;)8 Yustntuinùf läqunkc r`brnm`rgft`. (0)8 Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc k` gnr` dctcr kn`s`l. (2)8 Icftrcl y `v`ftugl `v `ftugl lndpn`zg r`hnllg rgkngkcr k`
(7)
(?)
(;)
`fbrngdn`ftc dctcr kn`s`l.
(0)
(2)
(=)8 Icftrcl y `v`ftugl `v`ft ugl lndpn`zg ln dpn`zg ltrc ltrc k` gnr` dctcr
kn`s`l. (5)8 Yustntuinùf Yustntuinùf ltrc k` gi`nt` dctcr kn`s`l. (>)8 Yustntuinùf ltrc igrourgf igrourgft`. t`. (71)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn r`stgol`indn`ftc `ftc fnv`l
`l`itrclntc `l`itrclnt c
(=)
(77)
ogt`rägs. (77)8 Icftrcl
y
purmg
k`l
gmug
pr`s`ft`
`f `l
igrourgft`.
(5) (71)
(9) (>)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?79/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7= D
[GOLG K@ _@YPD@F DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG (7)8 Yustntuinùf Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc gi`nt` enkrçulnic enkrçulnic.. (?)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn r`stgol`indn`ftc `ftc fnv`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic. (9)8 Yustntuin Yustntuinùf ùf ltrc lt rc purmg gnr` k`pùsntc k`pùs ntc k` k ` gi`nt` gi`nt `
(7)
(9)
enkrçulnic.
(;)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` enkrçulnic enkrçulnic..
(?)
(;)
IG__C K@ C_PMGY ^ _C[GINÙF [C__@[G (7)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr
k` rctginùf tcrr`tg. (?)8 Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf tcrr`tg. (9)8 Luorniginùf kn`ft`s icrcfg k` crn`ftginùf tcrr`tg. (;)8 Luorniginùf pnstg k` rckgdn`ftc icrcfg k`
crn`ftginùf.
(0)
(7)
(9)
(?)
(2)
(0)8 Lndpn`zg y luorniginùf trgvn`sgs `xpgfsnol`s r`f k`
rckgh`. (2)8 Luorniginùf mrupc t`fscr r`f k` rckgh`. (=)8 Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr
(=)
(;)
k` trgslginùf tr`f k` rckghr. (5)8 Yustntuin Yustntuinùf ùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr dctcrr`kui tcr k` trgslginùf tr`f t r`f
k` rckgh`.
(5)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?7;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 75 D
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y @YQG×CL
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y G icftnfuginùf s` nfknigf lgs prnfinpgl`s gkv`rt`fings k` igrçit`r m`f`rgl qu` k`o`f s`r r`sp`tgkgs kurgft` `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg.
G[@FINÙF @l usc k` lg dçqunfg `f icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s
Q@LNM_C Qgrg gii`k`r icf s`murnkgk g lcs knb`r`ft`s puftcs k` lg dçqunfg utnlni` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg icf `siglcf`s qu` iudplgf lgs fcrdgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s lgocrgl`s lcigl`s c fgincfgl`s.
pgrtniulgrd`ft` p`sgkgs `f c `lturfcs `dpl`c inilcs icftnfucs (pcr `h`dplc qu``fpr`v`gf lg utnlnzginùf ?; ecrgs `f icftnfuginùf), pu`k`f f`i`sntgr ufg p`rnckninkgk knb`r`ft`. @f r`lginùf g `stcs igscs s`rç f`i`sgrnc pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg cot`f`r tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s `sp`iäigs.
Q@LNM_C NDQC_[GF[@ Yn lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc pr`vîf lg Icftgit` `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg egi`r pr`s`fing k`l tîifnic k` dgft`fndn`ftc dgft`fndn`ftc `f zcfgs k` prcvnsnùf pr`v`ftnvg k` lcs r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s `sigsg vnsnonlnkgk, `s colnmgtcrnc p`knr lg gsnst`fing qu` s` mgstgf. k` uf s`mufkc `figrmgkc g ocrkc k` lg dçqunfg. Q@LNM_C Fc us` fufig sclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrgmgsclnfg, lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni` knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs fc nfgdgol`s y gtùxnics. Q@LNM_C Ll`v` sn`dpr` mgbgs icf prct`iincf`s lgt`rgl`s iugfkc s` utnlnzg gnr` icdprndnkc pgrg lg lndpn`zg. Lndnt` lg pr`snùf k` trgoghc g ? ogr s`møf s `møf lgs fcrdgs vnm`ft`s lcigl`s y/c fgincfgl`s. Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc icf vgpcr, vgpcr, pùfmgs` rcpg k` prct`iinùf. @l vgpcr igln`ft` pu`k` pu`k` igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s bäsnigs. G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` `b`itugr cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc, pùfmgs` knspcsntnvcs k` prct`iinùf p`rscfgl ecdclcmgkcs icdc mugft`s, zgpgtcs, mgbgs, `ti.. G[@FINÙF Ynmg `sirupulcsgd`ft` lcs Q_CM_GDGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C intgkcs `f `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl yg s`g `f `l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg gsä icdc `f `l p`rnckc k` pcst-mgrgftäg. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` `l nfiudplndn`ftc k` uf fcrdgl k`sgrrcllc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC pgrg icfci`r sus igrgit`rästnigs. NDQC_[GF[@ Kurgft` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc, dgft`fmg `l çr`g k` trgoghc lndpng y lnor` k` coh`tcs c e`rrgdn`ftgs.
G[@FINÙF Crmgfni` ufg BNIEG K@ Q_CM_GDG, `f lg iugl gpuftgrç igkg nft`rv`finùf `b`itugkg. Qgrg igkg nft`rv`finùf, s`rç f`i`sgrnc pck`r icdprcogr qu` s` egygf `b`itugkc lgs pr`i`k`ft`s.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?70/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7> D
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y @YQG×CL
LNDQN@XG K@ LG DÇWPNFG
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_GPLNIG
Q@LNM_C Qgrg `vntgr igäkgs y r`soglcf`s, nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` y lndpn` lgs zcfgs nft`r`sgkgs, `f pgrtniulgr lgs zcfgs k` pgsc.
G icftnfuginùf s` k`tgllgf glmufgs gkv`rt`fings pgrg s`munr kurgft` `l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lg nfstglginùf enkrçulnig k` lg dçqunfg.
Qgrg gii`k`r `f s`murnkgk gl pu`stc k` icfkuiinùf y g ctrgs zcfgs gii`snol`s k` lg tcrr`tg, dgft`fmg lcs `siglcf`s y lgs zcfgs k` pgsc k` lg dçqunfg lndpncs y lnor`s k` iuglqun`r iu`rpc `xtrg÷c, trgzgs k` gi`nt`, mrgsg, ogrrc c fn`v` pgrg r`kuinr `l rn`smc k` r`soglgr. Igkg v`z qu` s` gii`k` gl pu`stc k` dgfkc `s f`i`sgrnc icdprcogr lg vnsnonlnkgk `xt`rfg ùptndg k` tckcs lcs irnstgl`s k` lg igonfg, lg pcsninùf k` lcs `sp`hcs r`trcvnscr`s gplnigkcs scor` lg dçqunfg y lgs dgfnhgs k` gmgrr`. Yn `s f`i`sgrnc, prcv`g g lndpngr `stcs icdpcf`ft`s. Y` gicfs`hg gk`dçs lndpngr `l su`lc k` lg igonfg y `lndnfgr iuglqun`r iu`rpc `xtrg÷c y trgzg k` gi`nt`, mrgsg, ogrrc c fn`v` qu` pckrägf igusgr rn`smcs k` r`soglgr u costgiulnzgr `l giincfgdn`ftc k` lcs dgfkcs.
Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` `b`itugr nft`rv`fincf`s scor` lgs läf`gs c scor` lcs icdpcf`ft`s enkrçulnics gs`mør`s` k` qu` fc egyg pr`snùf `f `l snst`dg. Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` iuglqun`r cp`rginùf k` dgft`fndn`ftc qu` icdpcrt` `l l`vgftgdn`ftc k` uf icdpcf`ft`, h` k` dgf`rg `stgol` y s`murg `l icdpcf`ft` glzgkc gft`s k` `b`itugr lg nft`rv`finùf. Q@LNM_C @vnt` `l icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc k` lg pn`l icfgmctgkcs. `l gi`nt` enkrçulnic y `f pu`k` m`f`rglprcvcigr icf lcs gi`nt`s @st` icftgitc `fb`rd`kgk`s mrgv`s k` lg pn`l gk`dçs k` mrgv`s l`sncf`s. Lçv`s` iunkgkcsgd`ft` k`spuîs k`l icftgitc. ¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@! Lg dgfnpulginùf y lg `lndnfginùf k` gi`nt`s gi`nt `s gmctgkcs y k` lcs ltrcs usgkcs pckrägf s`r knsinplnfgkgs pcr fcrdgs y r`mlgd`ftcs fgincfgl`s. Yärvgs` k` nfstglgincf`s pgrg lg `lndnfginùf gutcrnzgkgs. NDQC_[GF[@ Lgs cp`rgincf`s k` icftrcl, r`stgol`indn`ftc k`l fnv`l k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic y sustntuinùf k`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic k`o`f `b`itugrs` lg dçqunfg icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` icf uf t`rr`fc llgfc. `f @l fnv`l k`o` icftrclgrs` icf `l gi`nt` g t`dp`rgturg gdon`ft`. [rgogh` icf lg dçxndg lndpn`zg pgrg `vntgr qu` suin`kgk ` ndpur`zgs s` nftrckuzigf `f `l k`pùsntc. NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt` `f lg bgs` k` k`sigrmg `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r `f icfknincf`s k` gi`nt` igln`ft`. Dgft`fmg lg zcfg k` trgoghc lnor` y lndpng. Lndpn` duy on`f lcs tgpcf`s gft`s k` vclv`rlcs g iclcigr.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?72/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?1 D
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y @YQG×CL
DC[C_ KN@Y@L ¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@! Q@LNM_C Gpgmu` tckcs lcs dgt`rngl`s eud`gft`s y lgs Lg dgfnpulginùf y lg `lndnfginùf k` icdoustnol` llgdgs lnor`s gft`s k` nft`rv`fnr `f lg nfstglginùf k` gmctgkc, k` ltrcs usgkcs c k` d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc glnd`ftginùf icdoustnol`. [rgogh` colnmgtcrngd`ft` gmctgkg pckrägf s`r knsinplnfgkgs pcr fcrdgs y r`mlgd`ftcs fgincfgl`s. Yärvgs` k` nfstglgincf`s icf `l dctcr gpgmgkc. Fc us` i`rnllgs c d`ie`rcs pgrg nludnfgr zcfgs pgrg lg `lndnfginùf gutcrnzgkgs. csiurgs g igusg k` lg pr`s`fing k` läqunkcs nfgdgol`s. NDQC_[GF[@ @l icftrcl k`l fnv`l k`l gi`nt` dctcr s` `b`itøg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc, icf Q@LNM_C Fc d`zil` mgsclnfg c glicecl gl mgscnl. @stg d`zilg `l gi`nt` igln`ft`, k`spuîs k` ufcs ?1 dnfutcs k` lg pgrgkg k`l dctcr. dctcr. pu`k` prcvcigr `xplcsncf`s. `xplcsncf`s. Q@LNM_C Fc egmg fufig bufincfgr `l dctcr `f lumgr`s i`rrgkcs y snf gnr`ginùf k`onkc g lg pr`s`fing k` mgs`s k` `sigp` fcinvcs. Q@LNM_C Yn `s f`i`sgrnc pcf`r `f dgrieg `l dctcr pgrg glmufgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc, snmg `sirupulcsgd`ft` tckgs lgs pr`iguincf`s k` s`murnkgk. Gplnqu` `l prci`kndn`ftc fcrdgl pgrg lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr. dctcr. Q@LNM_C Fc qunt` `l tgpùf k`l rgkngkcr icf `l dctcr igln`ft`, `sp`r` qu` lg t`dp`rgturg ogh` pcr k`oghc k` 01¸I. @f igsc icftrgrnc, l` t`dp`rgturg `l`vgkg k`l läqunkc r`brnm`rgft` vgpcrnzgkc c k`l vgpcr pckräg igusgr l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. Wunt` `l tgpùf t gpùf l`ftgd`ft` pgrg `lndnfgr mrgkugld`ft` lg pr`snùf k` lg nfstglginùf k` `fbrngdn`ftc. Q@LNM_C @vnt` `l icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc k` lg pn`l icf `l läqunkc k` `fbrngdn`ftc gmctgkc. @st` icftgitc pu`k` prcvcigr `fb`rd`kgk`s mrgv`s k` lg pn`l gk`dçs k` mrgv`s l`sncf`s. Lçv`s` iunkgkcsgd`ft` k`spuîs k`l icftgitc.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?7=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?7 D
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG ¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@! Lg `lndnfginùf k` lgs ogt`rägs usgkgs pckräg s`r knsinplnfgkg fcrdgs y r`mlgd`ftcs fgincfgl`s. Yärvgs` k` pcr nfstglgincf`s pgrg lg `lndnfginùf gutcrnzgkgs. G[@FINÙF @l `l`itrclntc k` lg ogt`räg icftn`f` çinkc sulbørnic qu` pu`k` prcvcigr qu`dgkurgs gl icftgitc icf lg pn`l c icf lcs chcs. Qùfmgs` mgbgs y mugft`s k` prct`iinùf y du`vg lg ogt`räg icf iunkgkc pgrg `vntgr pîrknkgs k` `l`itrclntc. [`fmg tckcs lcs coh`tcs d`tçlnics (r`lch`s, gfnllcs, igk`fgs) l`hcs k` lcs pclcs k` lg ogt`räg yg qu` pckrägf igusgr uf icrtcinriuntc icf lgs icfsnmun`ft`s qu`dgkurgs. G[@FINÙF Qgrg k`sicf`itgr lg ogt`räg, qunt` gft`s `l pclc f`mgtnvc (-) k` lg dgsg: pgrg icf`itgrlg pcfmg pcr prnd`rc `l pclc pcsntnvc pcsntnvc (+). G[@FINÙF @b`itø` lg r`igrmg k` lg ogt`räg l`hcs k` lg dçqunfg `f ufg zcfg on`f v`ftnlgkg. G[@FINÙF Q`lnmrc k` `xplcsnùf y icrtcinriuntcs. Kurgft` lg r`igrmg k` lgs ogt`rägs s` bcrdg ufg d`zilg `xplcsnvg k` mgs enkrcm`fgkc. G[@FINÙF Fc g÷gkg çinkc sulbørnic: utnlni` sùlc gmug k`stnlgkg. G[@FINÙF Fc giîrqu`s` icf coh`tcs qu` prckui`f ienspgs, llgdgs lnor`s c inmgrrnllcs `fi`fknkcs. G[@FINÙF Qu`s qu` `l `l`itrclntc `s duy icrrcsnvc, `vnt` `l icftgitc icf `l iegsns k` lg dçqunfg c icdpcf`ft`s `lîitrnics c `l`itrùfnics. @f igsc k` icftgitc giink`ftgl knrähgs` g uf i`ftrc k` gsnst`fing gutcrnzgkc.
NDQC_[GF[@ Fc nfstgl` busnol`s icf uf gdp`rgh` sup`rncr gl nfknigkc8 pu`k`f igusgr kg÷cs g lg nfstglginùf `lîitrnig. NDQC_[GF[@ Yn lg nft`rrupinùf k`l busnol` s` r`pnt` `f or`v` knstgfing k` tn`dpc ousqu` `l crnm`f k`l prcol`dg icftrclgfkc lg nfstglginùf `lîitrnig. NDQC_[GF[@ [`fmg sn`dpr` glmufcs busnol`s k` r`pu`stc pgrg igscs k` `d`rm`fing. NDQC_[GF[@ Fc nft`ft` fufig r`pgrgr c egi`r icrtcinriuntc `f lcs busnol`s bufknkcs. NDQC_[GF[@ Icftrcl` gk`dçs qu` lcs icftgitcs k` lcs busnol`s y k` lcs pcrtgbusnol`s mgrgftni`f ufg ou`fg icf`xnùf `lîitrnig y fc `stîf cxnkgkcs. G[@FINÙF Lgs lçdpgrgs tn`f`f ufg t`dp`rgturg k` bufincfgdn`ftc `l`vgkg. Gft`s k` tcigr ufg lçdpgrg icf lcs k`kcs gs`mør`s` qu` s` egyg `fbrngkc ogstgft`. NDQC_[GF[@ Fc tcqu` icf lcs k`kcs lg gdpcllg k` lg lçdpgrg eglùm`fg yg qu` s` pckräg kg÷gr nrr`pgrgol`d`ft` (utnlni` uf trgpc lndpnc c uf pg÷u`lc k` pgp`l). Yn ciurrn`rg `stc prci`kg g lndpngrlc icf uf pg÷u`lc k` pgp`l `dpgpgkc `f glicecl glicecl `tälnic.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?75/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?? D
GKR@_[@FINGY M@F@_GL@Y @YQG×CL
@FM_GY@ ^ LPO_NIGINÙF
ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG
Q@LNM_C @vnt` `l icftgitc prclcfmgkc y r`p`tnkc k` lg pn`l
NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` `l icftrcl k`l gprn`t` k` lg tcrfnll`räg k` lg
icf lcs luornigft`s gmctgkcs. pu`k` prcvcigr `fb`rd`kgk`s mrgv`s@st` k` lgicftgitc pn`l gk`dçs k` mrgv`s l`sncf`s. Lçv`s` iunkgkcsgd`ft` k`spuîs k`l icftgitc.
dçqunfg g lcs ynft`rvglcs Ptnlni` fufig llgv`s ecdclcmgkgs `f ou`f `stgol`inkcs. `stgkc y fc utnlni` lgs dgfcs.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt` `f lg bgs` k` k`sigrmg `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r `f icfknincf`s k` gi`nt` igln`ft`. Dgft`fmg lg zcfg k` trgoghc lnor` y lndpng. Lndpn` duy on`f lcs tgpcf`s gft`s k` vclv`rlcs g iclcigr. ¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@! Lg dgfnpulginùf y lg `lndnfginùf k` luornigft`s gmctgkcs pckrägf s`r knsinplnfgkgs fcrdgs y r`mlgd`ftcs fgincfgl`s. Yärvgs` k` pcr nfstglgincf`s pgrg lg `lndnfginùf gutcrnzgkgs. NDQC_[GF[@ Gft`s k` nfy`itgr mrgsg luornigft` `f lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s, lädpn`lcs icf iunkgkc pgrg `vntgr qu` pclvc ` ndpur`zg pu`k`f d`zilgrs` icf lg mrgsg knsdnfuy`fkc c gfulgfkc `l `b`itc k` lg luorniginùf.
NDQC_[GF[@ Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs pgr`s k` tcrsnùf k` lg tcrtnll`räg k`l pr`s`ft` dgfugl.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?7>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?9 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y KP_GF[@ @L _CKGH@ @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINC NF[@_R@FINCF@Y F@Y KP_GF[@ @L _CKGH@ G[@FINÙF Ynmg `sirupulcsgd`ft` lcs Q_CM_GDGY K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C intgkcs `f `l pr`s`ft` dgfugl yg s`g `f `l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg, icdc `f `l p`rnckc k` pcst-mgrgftäg. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` `l nfiudplndn`ftc k` uf fcrdgl k`sgrrcllc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc.
G[@FINÙF @l usc k` lg dçqunfg `f icfknincf`s gdon`ftgl`s pgrtniulgrd`ft` p`sgkgs c `l `dpl`c `f inilcs icftnfucs (pcr `h`dplc `f turfcs qu` pr`v`gf lg utnlnzginùf ?; ecrgs `f icftnfuginùf), pu`k`f f`i`sntgr ufg p`rnckninkgk knb`r`ft`. @f r`lginùf g `stcs igscs s`rç f`i`sgrnc pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg cot`f`r tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s `sp`iäigs.
G[@FINÙF Qr`pgr` ufg BNIEG K@ Q_CM_GDG, `f lg iugl gpuftgrç igkg nft`rv`finùf `b`itugkg. Qcr igkg nft`rv`finùf, s`rç f`i`sgrnc pck`r icdprcogr qu` s` egygf `b`itugkc lgs pr`i`k`ft`s. Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
[CKCY LCY M_PQCY
Icftrcl gprn`t` tcrfnll`räg
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Icftrcl gprn`t` tcrfnll`räg pgtnf`s
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Icftrcl y ghust` t`fsnùf icrr`g icdpr`scr mgs r`brnm`rgft`
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc s`pgrgkcr
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY DC[C_ KN@Y@L
01
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc igrourgft`
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcr
EC_GY Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc k` gi`nt`
Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc k` gi`nt`
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
Yustntuinùf ltrc k` purmg k`pùsntc enkrçulnic
Icftrcl gprn`t` rgicr`s y tuo`rägs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?; D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y KP_GF[@ @L _CKGH@ @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr trgslginùf
[C__@[G
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr rctginùf
K@F[_C K@ LGY IGO_@Y[GF[@Y Q_ND@_GY
?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` r`kuitcr k` ogs`
D@YG _C[G[C_NG
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr (sclc `f v`rsnùf snf igdonc)
Yustntuinùf ltrc k` gi`nt` snst`dg k` luorniginùf
K@F[_C NFY[GLGINÙF K@ LGY ENK_ÇPLNIG Q_ND@_GY
011 EC_GY
DÇY[NL
K@F[_C IG__C K@ C_PMGY K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY
?111 EC_GY
-
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` enkrçulnic
Icftrcl y ghust` hu`mc grtniulginùf dçstnl
Icftrcl k`smgst` zcfgs k` gorgsnùf
-
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?0 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LGY NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY G[@FINÙF
G[@FINÙF Ynmg `sirupulcsgd`ft` lcs`l pr`s`ft` Q_CM_GDGY DGF[@FNDN@F[C intgkcs `f dgfugl K@ yg s`g `f `l p`rnckc k` mgrgftäg, icdc `f `l p`rnckc k` pcst-mgrgftäg. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` `l nfiudplndn`ftc k` uf fcrdgl k`sgrrcllc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc.
@l usc k` lg dçqunfg `f icfknincf`s pgrtniulgrd`ft` p`sgkgs c `l `dpl`cgdon`ftgl`s `f inilcs icftnfucs (pcr `h`dplc `f turfcs qu` pr`v`gf lg utnlnzginùf ?; ecrgs `f icftnfuginùf), pu`k`f f`i`sntgr ufg p`rnckninkgk knb`r`ft`. @f r`lginùf g `stcs igscs s`rç f`i`sgrnc pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg cot`f`r tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s `sp`iäigs.
G[@FINÙF Qr`pgr` ufg BNIEG K@ Q_CM_GDG, `f lg iugl gpuftgrç igkg nft`rv`finùf `b`itugkg. Qcr igkg nft`rv`finùf, s`rç f`i`sgrnc pck`r icdprcogr qu` s` egygf `b`itugkc lgs pr`i`k`ft`s.
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
[CKCY LCY M_PQCY
Nfsp`iinùf m`f`rgl
Icftrcl fnv`l igrourgft` (GNL) Gogst`indn`ftc d`kngft` `l`itrcocdog `f kctginùf c pcr tgpùf k` r`ll`fc (GBL) K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf ltrc s`pgrgkcr (GNL)
IGKG
71
DC[C_ KN@Y@L K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf k`pùsntc (GNL)
EC_GY Icftrcl fnv`l gi`nt`
Icftrcl fnv`l d`zilg r`brnm`rgft`
Icftrcl fnv`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic (GNL)
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf k`pùsntc (GNL)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
???/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?2 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
IGKG
71
EC_GY
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
IGOL@Y
Icftrcl k`smgst`
DÇY[NL
Lndpn`zg y `fmrgs` muägs k` k`slnzgdn`ftc (icfknincf`s pgrtniulgrd`ft` pg rtniulgrd`ft` p`sgkgs)
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg (GBL)
E@__GDN@F[GY
Lndpn`zg y lgvgkc (GBL)
[C__@[G
Luorniginùf icrcfg k` mnrc
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg icfk`fsgkcr ilndgtnzgkcr
Nfsp`iinùf snst`dg k` glnd`ftginùf y oøsqu`kg pîrknkgs igrourgft`
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Icftrcl y lndpn`zg rgkngkcr prnfinpgl
IGKG
01
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg rgkngkcr k` gi`nt` @fmrgs` igsqunllcs p`rfcs
EC_GY DÇY[NL
@fmrgs` igsqunllcs inlnfkrcs
Lndpn`zg y `fmrgs` muägs k` k`slnzgdn`ftc
Luorniginùf `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^
Luorniginùf igo`zg k` muäg vçstgmc j`lly
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??9/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?= D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Lndpn`zg y `fmrgs` trgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k`t`rm`ft` lndpngpgrgornsgs
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF Icftrcl k`smgst` `siconllgs lndpngpgrgornsgs
IGKG
711
EC_GY
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
Lndpn`zg pr`ltrc y vçlvulg k`sigrmg pclvc ltrc k` gnr`
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG
Icftrcl fnv`l `l`itrclntc ogt`rägs icfv`fincfgl`s
DÇY[NL
@fmrgs` pcl`gs
E@__GDN@F[G
Icftrcl k`smgst`
[CKCY LCY M_PQCY
Icftrcl gprn`t` tcrfnll`räg
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr k` trgslginùf Icftrcl gprn`t` tcrfnll`räg pgtnf`s crumgs
IGKG
?01
[C__@[G
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf
EC_GY Lndpn`zg ltrc ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
Yustntuinùf ltrc s`pgrgkcr
Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc igrourgft`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?5 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcr
DC[C_ KN@Y@L Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc k` gi`nt`
Lndpn`zg ltrc ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc
Yustntuinùf ltrc k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG Yustntuinùf igrtuiec k` purmg
Icftrcl gprn`t` rgicr`s y tuo`rägs
IGKG
?01
Icftrcl fnv`l `l`itrclntc ogt`rägs k` oghc dgft`fndn`ftc
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG Icftrcl k`fsnkgk `l`itrclntc
EC_GY
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
@fmrgs` ichnf`t` scpcrt` tgdocr igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
Icftrcl knspcsntnvcs k` olcqu`c igol`s
DÇY[NL
Icftrcl k`smgst` pcl`gs
IGOL@Y
Icftrcl suh`inùf `xtr`dcs igol`s scor` igor`stgft`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??0/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ?> D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` r`kuitcr ogs`
IGKG
?01
D@YG _C[G[C_NG
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr (sclc `f v`rsnùf snf igdonc)
EC_GY Yustntuinùf ltrc k` gi`nt` snst`dg k` luorniginùf
Icftrcl y ghust` t`fsnùf crumgs
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Icftrcl `stgfqu`nkgk huftg enkrçulnig rctgtcrng
Icftrcl `stgfqu`nkgk rcknllcs y ru`kgs k` t`fsnùf tr`f k` rckgh`
@fmrgs` onsgmrgs igpùs k` nfsp`iinùf
[C__@[G Icftrcl k`smgst` tgdpcf`s k` gpcyc dçstnl
IGKG
011
EC_GY
@fmrgs` onsgmrgs pu`rtg igonfg
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr` `xt`rncr
Icftrcl y ghust` t`fsnùf icrr`g icdpr`scr mgs r`brnm`rgft`
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
Icftrcl k`smgst` dgfmuntcs k` mcdg nfstglginùf k` gspnrginùf gnr`
Gprn`t` y lndpn`zg ocrf`s ogt`rägs
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG Icftrcl inriuntc k` r`igrmg ogt`rägs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??2/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 91 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y
Icftrcl y ghust` pr`snùf rcknllc pr`fsgigol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
D@YG _C[G[C_NG
Icftrcl k`smgst` pgtnf`s k` k`slnzgdn`ftc
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^
Icftrcl k`smgst` pgtnf`s k` k`slnzgdn`ftc
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Icftrcl `in`fing icdpr`scr mgs r`brnm`rgft`
IGKG
011
EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y
IGKG
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
7111 EC_GY (c 2 d`s`s)
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` r`kuitcr k` ogs`
D@YG _C[G[C_NG
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr (sclc `f v`rsnùf snf igdonc)
@fmrgs` dgfmuntc nft`rfc
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^
Yustntuinùf pgtnf`s k` k`slnzgdn`ftc igo`zg k` muäg j`lly
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 97 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
IG__C K@ C_PMGY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr k` trgslginùf
[C__@[G
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr` `xt`rncr
IGKG
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr`
?111
EC_GY (c 7 g÷c)
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
Yustntuinùf lnqunkc r`brnm`rgft`
Lgvgkc y r`ll`fc snst`dg k` `fbrngdn`ftc
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` enkrçulnic
DÇY[NL
Icftrcl y ghust` hu`mc grtniulginùf dçstnl
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 9? D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
Yustntuinùf pgrt`s kg÷gkgs
IG__C K@ C_PMGY Icftrc y ghust` hu`mc trgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF
Yustntuinùf icrr`g icdpr`scr mgs r`brnm`rgft`
Lndpn`zg ltrc tgpùf k` r`ll`fc igrourgft`
Rgingkc igrourgft` y lgvgkc k`pùsntc
Yustntuinùf tuocs k` glnd`ftginùf igrourgft`
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
IF
Qurmg k` gnr` snst`dg k` glnd`ftginùf igrourgft`
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l gi`nt` dctcr
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l d`zilg r`brnb`rgft`
Yustntuinùf icrr`g glt`rfgkcr
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG
Yustntuinùf ogt`rägs
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` pcr `l`itrcocdog
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` pcr ltrc
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
Yustntuinùf rgicr`s y tuocs `xnol`s
Icftrcl pr`sncf`s enkrçulnigs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
??>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 99 D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
DÇY[NL
Yustntuinùf pcl`gs
Lndpn`zg y luorniginùf
IGOL@Y
IF
Yustntuinùf igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
Yustntuinùf igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr
Yustntuinùf pgtnf`s k` k`slnzgdn`ftc
D@YG _C[G[C_NG Ghust` nft`rruptcr`s nft`rruptcr`s k` uhc snst`dg k` k` luorniginùf luorniginùf
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^
Yustntuinùf pgtnf`s k` k`slnzgdn`ftc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?91/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 9; D
_@YPD@F NF[@_R@FINCF@Y C_KNFG_NGY ^ @U[_GC_KNFG_NGY @YQG×CL
Nft`rvglc (e)
Mrupc bufincfgl
Nft`rv`finùf
Icftrcl fnv`l igrourgft`
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr`
DC[C_ KN@Y@L
Icftrcl fnv`l k` gi`nt`
Icftrcl fnv`l d`zilg r`brnm`rgft`
YLG
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg rgkngkcr prnfinpgl
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG
Icftrcl inriuntc k` r`igrmg ogt`rägs
Icftrcl fnv`l k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gi`nt`
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg rgkngkcr k` gi`nt`
Gor`vngincf`s8 GNL - Gl nfninc k`l trgoghc GBL - Gl fgl k`l trgoghc IF - Iugfkc s`g f`i`sgrnc YLG - Y`÷gl luz k` gvnsc
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?97/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 90 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C
Qcs.
@l`d`ftc pgrg
Nft`rvglc k` sustntuinùf (e) Qrckuitc
gogst`i`r
Igpginkgk 9
_ckgh`
Crknfgrnc
kd (lntrcs)
7
Dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf tcrr`tg
Gi`nt` luornigft`
?01
?111
0+0
?
K`pùsntc lndpngpgrgornsgs
Läqunkc k`t`rm`ft`
-
IF
9
9
Igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
Gi`nt` luornigft`
?01
7111
0
;
Igor`stgft` guxnlngr
Gi`nt` enkrçulnic
?01
7111
5
0
K`pùsntc igrourgft`
Mgsùl`c
-
YLG
~ 901
2
Dctcrr`kuitcr`s k` trgslginùf (f± ?)
Gi`nt` luornigft`
?01
?111
2+2
=
K`pùsntc gi`nt` enkrçulnic
Gi`nt` enkrçulnic
011
?111 (c 7 g÷c)
~ 951
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?9?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 92 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Qcs.
@l`d`ftc pgrg gogst`i`r
5
Nfstglginùf `fbrngdn`ftc dctcr
>
Nfstglginùf luorniginùf dctcr
Nft`rvglc k` sustntuinùf (e) _ckgh`
Crknfgrnc
Igpginkgk kd9 (lntrcs)
Gmug/gftnen`lc
-
?111
~ 91
Gi`nt` luornigft`
01
?01
7=,0
Qrckuitc
L`y`fkg8 IF 4 Iugfkc `s f`i`sgrnc YLG 4 Y`÷gl luz k` gvnsc NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, ` ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?99/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 9= D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C @YQG×CL
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?9;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 95 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY QPF[CY K@ GOGY[@INDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Qcs.
@l`d`ftc pgrg gogst`i`r
Nft`rvglc k` sustntuinùf (e) _ckgh`
Crknfgrnc
Igpginkgk kd9 (lntrcs)
Qrckuitc
71
_`kuitcr k` ogs` d`sg rctgtcrng
Gi`nt` luornigft`
?01
7111
21
77
Dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr d`sg rctgtcrng (sclc `f v`rsnùf snf igdonc)
Gi`nt` luornigft`
?01
7111
7,0
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, ` ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?90/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 9> D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ BNL[_GINÙF @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ BNL[_GINÙF
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?92/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;1 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ BNL[_GINÙF @YQG×CL
Qcs.
Nft`rvglc k` sustntuinùf (e)
@l`d`ftc ltrgft`
Icftrcl
Lndpn`zg
K`sigrmg
Yustntuinùf
7
Bnltrc gnr`ginùf igonfg
-
011
-
?111
?
Bnltrc k` gnr` dctcr kn`s`l
-
711
-
?111
71 (tckcs lcs kägs)
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
9
;
0
Bnltrc s`pgrgkcr
Bnltrc igrourgft`
Bnltrc k` gi`nt` dctcr
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
2
=
5
5
Rçlvulg k` purmg k`pùsntc gi`nt` enkrçulnic
Bnltrc k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic
Bnltrc k`senkrgtgkcr snst`dg k` ilndgtnzginùf
Bnltrc snst`dg k` luorniginùf d`sg rctgtcrng
NDQC_[GF[@ Icftgit` `l Y`rvninc Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I YCNLD@I pgrg egi`r prcvnsnùf pr`v`ftnvg k` lcs r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s qu` s` mgstgf.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?111 ecrgs
-
g lgs prnd`rgs 01 ecrgs igkg ?01 ecrgs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?9=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;7 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?95/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;? D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF @YQG×CL
Qcs. @l`d`ftc pgrg luornigr
Nft`rvglc k` icftrcl (e)
7
Igor`stgft` prnfinpgl
?01
?
Igor`stgft` guxnlngr
?01
9
Dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf (f± ?)
?01
;
Dctcrr`kuitcr k` trgslginùf (f± ?)
?01
0
Nfstglginùf k` luorniginùf dctcr kn`s`l
71
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, ` ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?9>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;9 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF @YQG×CL
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;; D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ LPO_NIGINÙF @YQG×CL
Qcs. @l`d`ftc pgrg luornigr
Nft`rvglc k` icftrcl (e)
2
_`kuitcr k` ogs` d`sg rctgtcrng
?01
=
Dctcrr`kuitcr nfb`rncr d`sg rctgtcrng (sclc `f v`rsnùf snf igdonc)
?01
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, ` ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;0 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@ @YQG×CL
_@YPD@F K@ LCY QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@
0
Qcs. @l`d`ftc pgrg luornigr
@fmrgs` d`kngft`
Nft`rvglc (e)
7
Ichnhnf` Ic f`t` t` tg tgdo docr cr ig igor or`s `stg tgft ft` ` prn prnfi finp npgl gl
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
?01
?
Onsgmrg rgss igpùs y pu`rtg tgss
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
011
Ocdog k` `fmrgs`
9
Icrcfg k` mnrc
;
Mrupc t`fscr crumgs
0
[rgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs
(`f kctginùf)
01
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
011
Qnfi`l
711
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;2 D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@ @YQG×CL
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;9/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;= D
_@YPD@F QPF[CY K@ @FM_GY@ @YQG×CL
Qcs. @l`d`ftc pgrg luornigr
@fmrgs` d`kngft`
Nft`rvglc (e)
2
Igsq Ig squn unllllcs cs igo igogl gll` l`t` t`ss k` `l` `l`vg vgin inùf ùf dçs dçstntnll
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
=
Igsqunllcs pn pnvct`s dçstnl
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
5
Igsq Ig squn unllllcs cs in inlnlnfk fkrc rcss k` k` l`v l`vgf gftg tgdn dn`f `ftc tc
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
>
Igsqunllcs inlnfkrcs orgzc
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
71
Dgfm Dg fmun untc tc nf nft` t`rf rfc c d`s d`sg g rct rctgt gtcr crng ng
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
7111
77
Muägs dçstnl
@spçtulg
71-01
7?
Igsqunllcs grtniulginùf `l`d`ftc sup`rncr dçstnl
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
79
Igsqunllc vçstgmc inlnfkrc pull-kcwf
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
7;
Igsq Ig squn unllllc c pg pglg lgfi fig g dn dnir ircn cnft ft`r `rrup ruptc tcr r
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
70
Ichnf`t`s pcl`gs
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
711
72
Igol`s
Qnfi`l
IF
7=
Igo` Ig o`zg zg k` mu muäg äg og ogrr rrg g j`l j`llly
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
75
@l`d` d`f ftc k` rc rcttginùf
Ocdog k` `fmrgs` (`f kctginùf)
01
L`y`fkg8 IF 4 Iugfkc `s f`i`sgrnc NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs pcr YCNLD@I Ypg. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs tîifnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;5 D
Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC @YQG×CL
Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC
GI@N[@Y LPO_NIGF[@Y
M_GYG LPO_NIGF[@
Lcs `l`d`ftcs nfknigkcs `f lg tgolg snmun`ft` scf gogst`inkcs icf gi`nt` kurgft` lg bgs` k` dcftgh` k` lg dçqunfg pcr `l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I: s`rç f`i`sgrnc dgft`f`r lg dnsdg tnpclcmäg y vnsicsnkgk k`l gi`nt` prcpu`stc tgftc pgrg `v`ftugl`s r`ll`fcs icdc pgrg sustntuincf`s icdpl`tgs.
Crnmnfgld`ft` lg dçqunfg s` `ftr`mg icf mrgsg8
YE@LL _@[NFGU @QU? Y` gicfs`hg utnlnzgr `l dnsdc prckuitc kurgft` `l dgft`fndn`ftc. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgr `st` prckuitc, utnlni` ufg mrgsg k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs.
GF[NCUNKGF[@Y Qgrg prct`m`r lgs sup`rin`s `lgocrgkgs icf ùrmgfcs
d`içfnics d`tçlnics qu` k` ctrg dgf`rg subrnrägf `fv`h`indn`ftc y icrrcsnùf, s` gicfs`hg utnlnzgr IE@Y[@_[CF tnpc tnp c _PY[ MPG_K E@GR^ KP[^ u ctrcs prckuitcs icf igrgit`rästnigs sndnlgr`s qu` ir``f scor` lgs sup`rin`s `lgocrgkgs ufg p`läiulg k` prct`iinùf fg, `igz y k` lgrmg kurginùf.
@l usc k` `stcs prckuitcs `s f`i`sgrnc pgrg ufg ou`fg icfs`rvginùf k` lgs pn`zgs k` r`igdonc y k` lgs pgrt`s d`içfnigs k`sdcftgkgs kurgft` lcs p`rnckcs k` gldgi`fgdn`ftc k` lg p`rbcrgkcrg.
G[@FINÙF Lcs icdpcf`ft`s trgtgkcs icf prckuitcs gftncxnkgft`s tn`f`f qu` s`r f`i`sgrngd`ft` lndpngkcs k` lg p`läiulg k` prct`iinùf gft`s k` utnlnzgr lg dçqunfg. Mugrfnincf`s y vçstgmcs k` lcs inlnfkrcs `f icftgitc icf `l prckuitc s` k`t`rncrgrçf pr`dgturgd`ft`. Qcr gftncxnkgft` lc tgftc s` gicfs`hg lg prct`iinùf k` lgs pgrt`s k` mcdg gft`s k` lg knstrnouinùf k`l prckuitc.
KNYCLR@F[@Y C KNLP@F[@Y Qgrg lndpngr lgs zcfgs trgtgkgs icf gftncxnkgft`s, utnlni` uf prckuitc icf lgs igrgit`rästnigs nfknigkgs pcr `l bgornigft` k`l dnsdc gftncxnkgft` (vîgs` lg kciud`ftginùf sudnfnstrgkg pcr `l bgornigft`).
@l`d`ftc pgrg luornigr Dctcrr`kuitcr`s k` trgslginùf Dctcrr`kuitcr k` rctginùf Dctcr kn`s`l Igor`stgft` prnfinpgl Igor`stgft` guxnlngr (k`si`fsc icftrclgkc) Igor`stgft` guxnlngr (igäkg lnor`) _`kuitcr k` ogs` d`sg rctgtcrng (icf igdonc) _`kuitcr`s d`sg rctgtcrng Igol`s
Dgrig/tnpc Ye`ll/Ypnrgx Cnl G 51]->1 51]->1 Ye`ll/Ypnrgx Cnl G 51]->1 51]->1 Ye`ll/_ndulg U70 ] ;1 Ye`ll/Ypnrgx Cnl G 51]->1 51]->1
Ilgs` YG@ 51]->1 51]->1 70]-;1 51]->1
Ye`ll/[`llus Cn Cnl
71]-91
@ssc/Ypgrtgf @Q701
-
Ye`ll/Ypnrgx Cnl GYU =0]->1
=0]->1
Ye`ll/Ypnrgx Cnl GYU =0]->1 -
=0]->1 71]-91
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs YCNLD@I. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;0/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG ;> D
Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC @YQG×CL
GI@N[@ ENK_ÇPLNIC Ycor` lg dçqunfg eg snkc gplnigkg ufg plgig pgrg r`mnstrgr lcs igdoncs k` gi`nt` `b`itugkcs.
Crnmnfgld`ft` lg dçqunfg s` `ftr`mg icf gi`nt` enkrçulnic dgrig YE@LL tnpc [@LLPY CNL Y[ ;2
Gfct` lcs snmun`ft`s snmun`ft`s kgtcs8 kgtcs8
G) b`ieg k` igdonc gi`nt` O) tnpc k` gi`nt` `dpl`gkc `dpl`gkc
G[@FINÙF Y` gicfs`hg lg utnlnzginùf k`l dnsdc tnpc y dgrig k` gi`nt` pgrg lcs sui`snvcs r`ll`fcs y/c sustntuincf`s. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgr `st` tnpc k` gi`nt`, utnlni` uf gi`nt` enkrçulnic icfbcrd` g lgs `sp`inigincf`s GQN ML-; (NYC 9?/;2 YG@71]-91) c KNF 070?; Qgrt` ? (ER ;2 NYC RM;2). @f `st` igsc s` gicfs`hg gk`dçs k` gftninpgr lg sustntuinùf k` lgs ?111 ecrgs r`mlgd`ftgrngs g lgs 7011 ecrgs.
G
G O
[GOLG K@ LCY GI@N[@Y @F _@LGINÙF G LG [@DQ@_G[P_G GDON@F[@
00
?1 YE@LL [@LLPY [ 25
-71
;1 YE@LL [@LLPY Y[;2
71 -91
YE@LL [@LLPY G_I[NI 9?
-75
;9 _GFMC [@DQ@_G[P_G Y[K
-;1
-91
-? 1
-71
1
71
?1
91
[`dp`rgturg gdon`ft` Z IT ±
;1
01
21
Ilndgs çrtnics8 [`dp`rgturgs nfb`rncr`s -71 ±I Ilndgs t`dp`rgkcs8 [`dp`rgturgs k` -71±I g +;1 ±I Ilndgs trcpnigl`s8 [`dp`rgturgs sup`rncr`s g +91±I
@dpl`` gi`nt` YE@LL [@LLPY G_[NI 9? @dpl`` gi`nt` YE@LL [@LLPY Y[;2 @dpl`` gi`nt` YE@LL [@LLPY [25
NDQC_[GF[@ @vnt` d`zilgr gi`nt`s k` tnpc y igrgit`rästnigs knb`r`ft`s8 rn`smc k` gfcdglägs y rcturg k` lcs icdpcf`ft`s.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;2/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 01 D
Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC @YQG×CL
IG_OP_GF[@
D@XILG K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C
Rîgs` `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc k`l icfstruitcr k`l dctcr kn`s`l.
Qgrg r`kuinr lg bcrdginùf k` s`knd`ftcs y lg icrrcsnùf, `l
LÄWPNKC GF[NEN@LC Ptnlni` uf läqunkc gftnicfm`lgft` icfi`ftrgkc icf oghc icft`fnkc k` snlnigtcs icfbcrd` g lgs `sp`inigincf`s
GY[D K;>50. Rîgs` gk`dçs `l Dgfugl k` Psc y Dgft`fndn`ftc k`l icfstruitcr k`l dctcr kn`s`l.
gmug fc k`o` scor`pgsgr fufig lcs snmun`ft`s lädnt`s8
Kur`zg tctgl Ilcrurc Yulbgtcs
911 pgrt`s pcr dnllùf 711 pgrt`s pcr dnllùf 711 pgrt`s pcr dnllùf
Lcs dctcr`s kn`s`l pgrg `dpl`cs p`sgkcs f`i`sntgf uf läqunkc k` `fbrngdn`ftc `sp`iäic. Icf d`zilg k`
`fbrngdn`ftc pgrg `dpl`cs p`sgkcs s` `ftn`fk` ufg d`zilg gk`iugkg k` gmug k` ou`fg iglnkgk, läqunkc gftnicfm`lgft` icf oghc icft`fnkc k` snlnigtcs y gkntnvcs k` `fbrngdn`ftc gknincfgl`s. Lg d`zilg k`o` `stgr bcrdgkg pcr uf 01% k` gmug y uf 01% k` läqunkc gftnicfm`lgft` pgrg gligfzgr uf `b`itc gftnicfm`lgft` egstg t`dp`rgturgs k` -9=±I.
Icfi`ftrginùf gmug-gftnen`lc Qrct`iinùf Icfi`ftrginùf egstg -70±I 91 % gftnen`lc - =1 % gmug egstg -?9±I ;1 % gftnen`lc - 21 % gmug egstg -9=±I 01 % gftnen`lc - 01 % gmug egstg -07±I 21 % gftnen`lc - ;1 % gmug
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 07 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING QG_@Y K@ [C_YNÙF [C_FNLL@_ÄG
Knçd`trc fcdnfgl (k-K) D5x7 D71x7.?0 D7?x7.?0 D7?x7.0 D7;x7.?0 D72x7.0 D75x7.0 D?1x7.0 D??x7.0 D?;x? D?=x? D91x? D; D0 D2 D= D5 D> D71 D7? D7; D72
2.2 (2K) 71 70 ?; ?? 97 ;7 09 25 5? >0 7?9 70; ? 9 0 = > 7? 7; ?7 ?5 9>
Qr`igrmg dçxndg (jF) (ilgs`) 5.5 (5M) 71.> (71J) 7?.> (7?J) 7= ?; ?> ?= 95 ;0 ;7 0= 25 9> 00 20 00 == >9 =9 719 7?; >0 799 721 77> 725 ?1? 7;= ?12 ?;= 72> ?9= ?5; ?7> 91= 925 ?=9 ; 2 > 79 72 ?7 ?0 9= 07 2>
95; 0 > 7? 75 ?? 91 92 0? =7 >=
;27 2 71 70 ?7 ?= 92 ;9 2? 50 77=
Dcd`ftc dçxndc k` tcrsnùf (Fd) (ilgs`) 2.2 (2K) 5.5 (5M) 71.> (71J) 7?.> (7?J) 7; ?0 92 ;9 ?5 07 =? 50 0? 5> 7?0 707 ;> 5= 7?9 7;= =5 7;1 7>2 ?90 775 ?77 ?>; 909 7=7 91; ;?? 071 ?9> ;?? 0>5 =72 97; 02; =>1 >07 ;1? =?7 7171 7?72 025 7101 7;=7 7=22 57; ? 9 2 > ; ?1 ?5 ;2 =; 779
7;;? 9 2 71 72 ?; 92 ;> 59 79? ?11
?1;1 ; 5 7; ?9 9; 07 2> 77= 752 ?5?
?;0? 0 71 7= ?5 ;7 21 5? 7;1 ??9 99>
D75
;=
5;
77>
7;?
70=
?55
9>?
;=7
D?1 D?? D?; D?= D91
21 =0 5= 779 795
715 799 702 ?1? ?;=
707 75= ?7> ?59 9;=
757 ??0 ?2? 9;1 ;72
?75 ?>; 95? 0;> =00
955 0?1 25= >>7 790;
0;0 =97 >27 79>9 75>9
209 559 77;5 7225 ??=2
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 0? D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
@DQGLD@Y ENK_ÇPLNICY “KNF ?;—
Q`rfcs icf rcsig y s`k`s _csig dîtrnig NYC K (D) D5x7 D71x7 D7?x7.0 D7;x7.0 D72x7.0 D75x7.0 D?1x7.0 D??x7.0 D?2x7.0 D?=x? D99x? D;?x? D;5x?
K?
K;
71.> 7?.> 72.> 75.> ?1.> ??.> ?;.> ?2.> 91.>
K9 däf. 7= ?1 ?? ?0 ?= 7> 9? 9; 9=
77 79 72 75 ?1 ?? ?; ?2 97
K0 +1,7 >.7 77.7 79.5 70.5 7=.5 7>.5 ?7.5 ?9.5 ?>.10
G7 dçx. 7 7 7.0 7.0 7.0 ? ? ? 0
97.> 9=.> ;=.> 0;.=
;1 ;2 02 2;
9? 95 ;= 09
?>.; 90.; ;;.; 01.;
K?
K9 däf. ?7 ?0
K;
K0 +1,7 7?.; 70.2
[? 7.2 77.2 ?.; ?.; ?1; ?.; ?.; ?.; 9.7
[7 däf. 77.0 77.0 7; 7; 70.0 72.0 72.0 75 75.0
O7 däf. 71 71 77.0 77.0 79 7;.0 7; 70.0 72
7?± 7?± 70± 70± 70± 70± 70± 70± 70±
? ?.0 ?.0 ?.0
9.7 9.7 9.7 9.7
?? ?? ??.0 ?0
7> 7> 7>.0 ??
70± 70± 70± 70±
G7 dçx. 7.2 7.2
[?
[7 däf. 7; 70.0
O7 däf. 77.0 7?.=
η
η
_csig PFB / PF K (PFB/PF) =/72-?1 PFB >/72-75 PFB
7;.; 7=.2
70 75
?.; ?.0
7?± 7?±
9/;-72 PFB
??.9
91
?9
?1.2
?.;
?.0
7=.0
7;.9
70±
=/5-7; PFB 7 7/72-7? PF 7 0/72-7? PF 7 0/5-7? PF
?0.0 97.> 95.? ;=.=
9; ;7 ;> 05
?2 9? 9> ;5
?9.> ?>.? 90.0 ;9.0
?.; ?.; 9.? 9.?
?.0 9.9 9.9 9.9
?1 7? ?9 ?9
72.= 7> 7> 7>
70± 70± 70± 70±
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?;>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 09 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
_csig FQ[ K7 (FQ[) 7/5-?= FQ[ 7/;-75 FQ[ 9/5-75 FQ[ 7/?-7; FQ[ 9/;-7; FQ[ 7-77.0 FQ[ 7 7/;-77.0 FQ[ 7 7/?-77.0 FQ[
[9
[;
77.2 72.; 7=.; ??.2 ?9.7 ?=.5 ?5.9 ?5.9
2.> 71 71.9 79.2 7;.7 72.5 7=.9 7=.9
Qgr`s k` tcrsnùf pgrg `dpgld`s y tgpcf`s M-D 7/5 M 7/; M 9/5 M 7/? M 9/; M 7M 7 7/; M 7 7/? M D71x7 D7?x7,0 D7;x7,0 D72x7,0 D75x7,0 D?1x7,0 D??x7,0 D?2x7,0 D?=x? D99x? D;?x? D;5x? (*)8 QF 4 ?01 ogr
@d(Fd) pgld`s ?0 ;1 >0 791 ?01 ;11 211 511 ?0 91 01 21 21 7;1 7;1 ??1 ?01 ;11 211 511
[gpcf`s (Fd) 70 99 =1 >1 701 ??1 211 (011*) 511 (211*) 79 91 ;1 21 =1 >1 711 7?1 701 ?01 ;11 (;11*) =11 (;11*)
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?01/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 0; D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
IGOL@Y ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ Q@LNM_C [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` `stgr usgfkc igol`s mgstgkcs y/c kg÷gkcs `s duy p`lnmrcsc. Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` uf igol` mgstgkc y/c kg÷gkc. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c y/ c icsgs k`onkcs gl usc k` igol`s mgstgkcs y/c kg÷gkcs. Lcs igol`s suh`tgkcs gl igor`stgft` su`l`f icfsudnrs` y k`t`rncrgs` `f bufinùf k` lgs ecrgs k` bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg. Qcr lc tgftc, `s f`i`sgrnc uf icftrcl vnsnvc kngrnc qu` `vnk`fin` tckgs lgs pcsnol`s gfcdglägs.
D`kninùf k`l knçd`trc @l knçd`trc k`l igol` `s lg inriufb`r`fing inriufsirntg `f lg s`iinùf k`l igol`. Lg icrr`itg d`tckclcmäg k` d`kninùf k`l igol` `stç nfknigkg `f lg murg.
_cturgs Lcs icfs`hcs snmun`ft`s scf lcs icft`fnkcs `f lg fcrdg NYC ;91> y s` gplnigf øfnigd`ft` pgrg igol`s qu` s` `frcllgf scor` pcl`gs k` gi`rc c k` en`rrc iclgkc fc r`v`stnkgs icf dgt`rngl snftîtnic. Y` k`o`f icftgr lcs enlcs rctcs vnsnol`s `f `l `xt`rncr k`l igol` icfsnk`rgfkc, covngd`ft`, lg s`iinùf dçs k`t`rncrgkg k`l igol`. [`fmg `f iu`ftg qu` g d`fukc lgs rcturgs scf knbäinl`s k` k`t`itgr yg qu` lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s k`l enlc rctc qu`kgf `f lg pcsninùf crnmnfgl y fc scor`sgl`f k` lg sup`rin`
k`l igol`. Qgrg nfknvnkugr `stgs rcturgs, `s f`i`sgrnc `lndnfgr lg mrgsg qu` iuor` `l igol` y, `v`ftugld`ft`, rczgr `l igol` icf ufg pn`zg k` dgk`rg olgfkg y, sn bu`rg pcsnol`, kcolgr `l igol` icf lgs dgfcs pgrg egi`r glzgr y vclv`r vnsnol`s lgs `xtr`dnkgk`s k` lcs enlcs.
Icrrcsnùf Icdc `l k`smgst`, lg icrrcsnùf tgdonîf ll`vg g lg rcturg k`l enlc, p`rc g pgrnkgk k` r`kuiinùf k` knçd`trc, lg icrrcsnùf k`o` s`r icfsnk`rgkg icdc ufg k`t`rncrginùf dçs mrgv` qu` `l k`smgst`. Qcr lc tgftc, vgl` lg r`mlg k`l pçrrgbc pr`i`k`ft`, p`rc gplnigkg icf dgycr pruk`fing. Lg icrrcsnùf nft`rfg k`l igol` `s s`÷glgkg pcr ufg knsdnfuinùf k`l knçd`trc tctgl k`l dnsdc igol`. Y` gicfs`hg icftrclgr p`rnùknigd`ft` lg pgrt` nft`rfg k`l igol` pgrg nfknvnkugr `v`ftugl`s k`t`rncrgincf`s k`onkgs g icrrcsnùf. @f m`f`rgl Nfk`p`fkn`ft`d`ft` k` lgs `vglugincf`s intgkgs gft`rncrd`ft`, s` k`o`rç sustntunr `l igol` iugfkc s` `vnk`fingf lcs snmun`ft`s tnpcs k` k`t`rncrginùf8
-
Iugfkc `l knçd`trc tctgl k`l igol` s` r`kui` k` uf 71% r`sp`itc gl knçd`trc crnmnfgl, tgdonîf `f uf sclc puftc. Iugfkc `l igol` pr`s`ftg gplgstgdn`ftcs, tcrsncf`s c kcol`i`s p`rdgf`ft`s. Iugfkc uf tcrùf `s rctc nft`rfgd`ft` c eg subrnkc kg÷cs qu` egf r`kuinkc `f iuglqun`r puftc lg s`iinùf øtnl k`l ;1%. Iugfkc lg pgrt` i`ftrgl k`l igol` (gldg ) scor`sgl` gøf sn `s `f uf sclc puftc. Iugfkc, gøf sn `l igol` `stç oghc t`fsnùf, ufc c dçs tcrcf`s gpgr`i`f gchgkcs c scor`sgln`ft`s k`l
K`smgst` Pf k`smgst` gi`ftugkc k` lcs enlcs gfufing lg rcturg y dçs gllç k` uf in`rtc lädnt` uf enlc mgstgkc k`o` s`r icfsnk`rgkc icdc rctc. @st` lädnt` s` pu`k` icfsnk`rgr gligfzgkc iugfkc `l knçd`trc crnmnfgl k`l enlc, `vglugkc g vnstg, gpgr`i`
-
dnsdc igol`. Iugfkc `s `vnk`ft` uf kg÷c k`onkc g iglcr (scpl`t`, gric vcltgnic, `ti.).
r`kuinkc k` lg dntgk k`l knçd`trc crnmnfgl. @f `st` igsc, k`onkc gl icfsudc gi`ftugkc g i`ftugkc k` lcs enlcs s` gicfs`hg `b`itugr lgs nfsp`iincf`s p`rnùknigs k`l igol` icf dgycr br`iu`fing.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?07/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 00 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
IGYCY K@ K@[@_NC_GINÙF K`smgst`
7- Gorgsnùf y rcturg pcr bgtnmg k` lcs enlcs g lc lgrmc k` ufg läf`g, k`onkgs pcr `h`dplc g uf rcknllc k` muäg k`dgsngkc p`qu`÷c.
7
?- Icrrcsnùf pcr brctgdn`ftc oghc t`fsnùf scor` grnstgs vnvgs.
?
9- Iecqu`s r`p`tnkcs icftrg ufg `struiturg k`onkcs g vnorgincf`s
9
;- _cturg k` enlcs g lc lgrmc k` kcs trgzgs pgrgl`lgs k`onkg g lg mgrmgftg k` lg pcl`g k`dgsngkc `str`ieg.
;
0- Gorgsnùf y gplgstgdn`ftc k`onkcs g `xi`snvg pr`snùf scor` lgs pcl`gs icf sglnkg k`l gldg t`xtnl.
0
2- Gorgsnùf y k`bcrdginùf plçstnig k`onkgs g ufg `xi`snvg pr`snùf `ftr` lgs vu`ltgs scor` `l tgdocr k`l igor`stgft`.
2
=
=- Icrrcsnùf.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
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@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
5- _cturg k` enlcs `f lcs puftcs k` icftgitc `ftr` lcs tcrcf`s c `ftr` lcs tcrcf`s y `l gldg t`xtnl.
5
>- _cturg k` enlcs pcr bgtnmg k` `xnùf.
>
71- _cturg k` enlcs `f `l gldg d`tçlnig k`onkg g `xi`snvg trgiinùf (fctgr lcs `ftgll`s `f lcs enlcs k` lcs tcrcf`s).
71
77- Yglnkg k` lcs enlcs nft`rfcs k` lcs tcrcf`s tc rcf`s pcr r`p`tnkgs sclnintgincf`s “pcr k`smgrrc—.
77
7?- Yglnkgs k` igol` tnpc gftn-mnrgtcrnc pcr rctginùf bcrzgkg, pcr `h`dplc pcr mgrmgftgs k`dgsngkc `str`iegs c pcr uf `xi`snvc çfmulc k` k`svnginùf.
7?
79- Yglnkg k`l gldg d`tçlnig pcr r`p`tnkgs sclnintgincf`s “pcr k`smgrrc—.
79
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?09/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 0= D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
7;- K`bcrdginùf y k`smgst` k`onkcs g “chgl`s—.
gftn-mnr gtcrnc 70- Yglnkg k`l gldg k` igol` k` tnpc gftn-mnrgtcrnc pcr rctginùf bcrzgkg, pcr `h`dplc pcr mgrmgftgs k`dgsngkc `str`iegs c pcr uf `xi`snvc çfmulc k` k`svnginùf.
72- K`bcrdginùf k`l igol` icf sglnkg k`l gldg k`onkc g chgl r`itnigkc.
7=- Yglnkg k`l gldg y `fsgfiegdn`ftc k`l pgsc k`onkc g `dpl`c ndprcpnc k`l igo`zgl mnrgtcrnc, k`smgst` `xi`snvc, rcturgs k` enlcs.
75- Yglnkg k`l gldg y `fsgfiegdn`ftc k`l pgsc k`onkc g `dpl`c ndprcpnc k`l igo`zgl mnrgtcrnc.
7;
70
72
7=
75
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?0;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 05 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
_cturg 7- K`smgst`
7
?- Kcol`z
?
9- [rgiinùf
9
;- Icrrcsnùf y trgiinùf
;
0- Bgtnmg
0
2- Bgtnmg pcr brctgdn`ftc
2
=- Icrrcsnùf y bgtnmg
=
5- K`bcrdginùf plçstnig
5
>- Dgrt`fsntg
>
71
71- Icrt`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?00/902
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@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF Q@LNM_C Qgrg `b`itugr `stg cp`rginùf `s f`i`sgrng lg pr`s`fing `figr mgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc dgft`fndn`ftc `f ufg uQnkg fg c dçs zcfgsk`l k``figrmgkc lg dçqunfg icf pcig vnsnonlnkgk. colnmgtcrngd`ft` lg gsnst`fing k` ctrc `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc. Q@LNM_C Fc us` fufig mgsclnfg, sclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrg lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni` knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs fc nfgdgol`s y gtùxnics. Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg icf `siglcf`s qu` r`spcfkg g lgs fcrdgtnvgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg
in`rtc rn`smc k` icrrcsnùf icfsnmun`ft`. @f su lcfmntuk, `l igol` pr`s`ftg ufg pgrt` duy `xpu`stg gl pclvc y ctrg dçs prct`mnkg, p`rc qu` subr` dçs `l k`smgst`. @s `l cp`rgkcr qun`f kurgft` `l icftrcl vnsnvc `xt`rfc kngrnc k`o` k`inknr sn lcs igol`s k`o`f s`r lndpngkcs c luornigkcs. Y` `b`itøgf `stgs cp`rgincf`s iugfkc `l dçstnl `stç iclcigkc `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl. Gft`s k` luornigr icf uf prckuitc `sp`iäic, `s
f`i`sgrnc lndpngr, sn bu`rg pcsnol`, `l igol` icf knlu`ft` y uf pnfi`l y k`spuîs `lndnfgr lg suin`kgk giudulgkg icf uf i`pnllc d`tçlnic.
Gplniginùf k`l luornigft` Ptnlni` ufc k` lcs snmun`ft`s dîtckcs pgrg gplnigr `l luornigft`8
-
k` luornigft`. Pfg pcl`g dcftgkg scor` `l icft`f`kcr dgftn`f` `l igol` sud`rmnkc `f `l luornigft`. Ptnlni` uf trgpc pgrg `lndnfgr `l luornigft` `f `xi`sc dn`ftrgs qu` `l igol` sgl` k`l icft`f`kcr.
dçqunfg, pgrg gii`k`r icf s`murnkgk g lcs knb`r`ft`s puftcs intgkcs. Lcs igol`s k` gi`rc ll`vgf ufg luorniginùf nfningl, gplnigkg kurgft` lg `lgocrginùf, qu` iuor` tckg lg sup`rin` `f `l `xt`rncr y iuglqun`r nft`rstninc nft`rfc
k`l igol` prct`mn`fkc lcs enlcs icftrg lg icrrcsnùf y luornigfkc lgs zcfgs k` brniinùf `f `l nft`rncr y `xt`rncr k`l igol` `f dcvndn`ftc. Lg luorniginùf nfningl `s k` lgrmg kurginùf, scor`tckc `f lcs igol`s icf gldg `f
Mct`c Qcfmg uf icft`f`kcr scor` lgs pcl`gs k` dgf`rg qu` s` pu`kg gornr uf mrnbc pgrg k`hgr ig`r `l gi`nt` scor` `l igol` dn`ftrgs qu` îst` pgsg g trgvîs k` lg rgfurg k` lg pcl`g.
Gplniginùf icf trgpc y pnfi`l Kcs dîtckcs rçpnkcs scf lg gplniginùf k`l luornigft` icf uf trgpc c uf pnfi`l.
Luorniginùf icf pnstclg Luornigft`s lnm`rcs pu`k`f s`r utnlnzgkcs icf ufg pnstclg pgrg pnfturg. Ycf tgdonîf knspcfnol`s gtcdnzgkcr`s k` luornigft`.
dgt`rngl t`xtnl kcfk` lcs dcvndn`ftcs k` `xnùf p`rdnt`f
gl gldg k` i`k`r pcic g pcic `l luornigft` k`l iugl `stç ndpr`mfgkg g lcs tcrcf`s. @f bufinùf k` lgs icfknincf`s k` `dpl`c `s f`i`sgrnc, `f iuglqun`r igsc, r`p`tnr lg luorniginùf kurgft` `l usc icf br`iu`fing y uf tnpc luornigft` `sp`iäic. Lcs ufg igol`s `stçf knvnknkcs `fk` tr`s igt`mcrägs8
-
-
Igol`s qu` trgoghgf `f icftgitc øfnigd`ft` icf pcl`gs y icf `l tgdocr k`l igor`stgft`8luornigft`s icf ufg ou`fg igpginkgk k` p`f`trginùf `f lcs nft`rstnincs k`l igol`. M`f`rgld`ft`, uf prckuitc icf vnsicsnkgk YG@ 91 ] `s gk`iugkc. Igol`s scd`tnkcs g bu`rt` k`t`rncrginùf8 luornigft`s icf ou`fg gke`r`fing, igpgi`s k` r`snstnr g lg r`dcinùf k`onkg g gm`ft`s d`içfnics. Y` gicfs`hgf gi`nt`s duy vnsicscs c mrgsgs lnm`rgs qu` icft`fmgf gkntnvcs gke`snvcs icf mrgtc c
onsulburc k` dclnok`fc.
Og÷c icftnfuc Egmg k`slnzgr `l igol` k`ftrc k` uf icft`f`kcr ll`fc
NDQC_[GF[@ Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` prckuitcs gicfs`hgkcs YCNLD@I. Gft` lg ndpcsnonlnkgk k` `ficftrgrlcs, utnlni` prckuitcs k` ufg dgrig glt`rfgtnvg p`rc icf lgs dnsdgs igrgit`rästnigs. Icfsult` `l igpätulc r`lgtnvc g lcs Q_CKPI[CY K@ ICFYPDC.
-
Igol`s qu` `ftrgf `f icftgitc icf dgt`rngl`s gorgsnvcs su`ltcs (gr`fg c pgr`inkcs)8 `f `stcs igscs, `l `fmrgs` `xt`rfc pu`k` grrgstrgr icfsnmc lgs pgrtäiulgs gorgsnvgs icf icfsnmun`ft` mrgv` kg÷c g lcs enlcs y g lgs pcl`gs. Qcr lc tgftc, `s pr`b`rnol` qu` `l `xt`rncr k`l igol` qu`k` s`ic gi`ptgfkc uf
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?02/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 21 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
YNY[@DGY K@ GFILGH@ K@ LCY @U[_@DCY K@ IGOL@ Lg suh`inùf k`l igol` scor` `l tgdocr k`l igor`stgft` `s uf prcol`dg r`lgtnvgd`ft` ndpcrtgft` yg qu` scf
G
suin`ft`s tr`s vu`ltgs k` igol` pgrg qu` lg t`fsnùf s`g
goscronkg igsn icdpl`tgd`ft` pcr lg brniinùf `ftr` igol` y tgdocr. Lg suh`inùf k`l s`mufkc `xtr`dc k`l igol`, gl icftrgrnc, k`o` s`r duy iunkgkg y icftrclgkg icf br`iu`fing kgkc qu` `s ufc k` lcs puftcs dçs k`lnigkcs y qu` subr`f dçs sclnintgincf`s. Y` gicfs`hg ufnr tckgs lgs pgrt`s k` lgs icf`xncf`s qu` `ftrgf `f icftgitc knr`itc icf `l igol`. Lcs dîtckcs k` gfilgh` dçs icduf`s scf8
G - ICF DGFMPN[C INLNFK_NIC K@ GLPDNFNC
O
@l chgl s` hg d`kngft` uf dgfmuntc g pr`snùf. @st`
dîtckc fc `s gicfs`hgkc `f pr`s`fing k` t`dp`rgturgs `l`vgkgs.
O - ICF [@_DNFGL @F IP×G Qu`k` s`r dcftgkc y k`sdcftgkc bçinl y rçpnkgd`ft`. @l `h` k`l p`rfc k` icf`xnùf k`o` `ficftrgrs` `f lg prclcfmginùf k`l `h` k` lg s`iinùf k` igol` oghc t`fsnùf y `l igol` fc k`o` subrnr vgrngincf`s `f lg zcfg k` gicplgdn`ftc.
I - ICF [@_DNFGL G Q_@YNÙF Lg suh`inùf s` cotn`f` d`kngft` pr`fsgkc `f bräc k`l t`rdnfgl k` igol` k` gi`rc scor` lg `xtr`dnkgk k`l dnsdc igol`.
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?0=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 27 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
K@OCONFGKC ^ @F_CLLGKC YCO_@ [GDOC_
O
I O
[
[
Lg vnkg k` uf igol` pu`k` s`r icdprcd`tnkg y uf igol` fu`vc tgdonîf nrr`pgrgol`d`ft` kg÷gkc sn lg nfstglginùf fc `s `b`itugkg k` dgf`rg icrr`itg. Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf` nfstruiincf`s8 s8
O
Lgs oconfgs O k`o`rçf s`r k`s`frcllgkgs icdc s` nfknig `f lg murg. Lcs igol`s k`o`f s`r `frcllgkcs
scor` oconfgs O c irui`tgs iclcigkgs scor` `sp`ingl`s scpcrt`s I. Kurgft` `l k`s`frcllc, lg oconfg O k`o` s`r br`fgkg pgrg `vntgr uf gchgdn`ftc k`l igol` qu` pckräg
igusgr “chgl`s— kg÷cscs.
G[@FINÙF Gl `frcllgr `l igol` scor` `l tgdocr k`l r`lgtnvc igor`stgft`, pr`st` duieg gt`finùf g lg knr`iinùf k` `xnùf k`l igol`. Îstg k`o` s`r sn`dpr` sn`dpr` nmugl g lg k`l `frcllgkc crnmnfgl scor` lg oconfg (O). Yn, pcr `h`dplc, kurgft` `l k`s`frcllgkc `l igol` sgl` k` lg oconfg (O) pcr `findg, k`o`rç `ftrgr `f `l tgdocr ([) k`l igor`stgft` pcr `findg. Rni`v`rsg,
I
O
sn `l igol` sgl` k` lg oconfg (O) pcr k`oghc, k`o`rç `ftrgr `f `l tgdocr ([) pcr k`oghc. @stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc iruzgr `l igol` (icdc s` `vnk`fing `f lg murg pcr `findg) pcrqu` s` scd`t`räg `l igol` g ufg tcrsnùf bcrzgkg tgl k` icdprcd`t`r su r`snst`fing.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?05/902
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@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
@s duy ndpcrtgft` qu` `l `frcllgkc scor` `l tgdocr k`l r`lgtnvc igor`stgft` s` prckuzig k` dgf`rg r`mulgr, scor`tckc sn `l tgdocr fc `s k` tnpc `strngkc y iugfkc `l igol` s` scor`pcf` `f dçs `strgtcs scor`pu`stcs. Ycor` uf tgdocr fc `strngkc lgs `spnrgs k`l prnd`r `strgtc k`o`f s`r gpr`tgkgs icf iunkgkc y, `f iuglqun`r igsc, tgdonîf icf tgdocr `strngkc `s cpcrtufc qu` kurgft` tckc `l `frcllgkc `l igol` s`g dgft`fnkc g ufg t`fsnùf nmugl g7-?% k` su igrmg k` rcturg. Ynf `stgs pr`iguincf`s, lgs `spnrgs qu` s` `frcllgf pcic g pcic pckrägf p`f`trgr `ftr` lgs `spnrgs k` k`oghc igusgfkc kg÷cs gl igol`, nrr`mulgrnkgk`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc g lg dçqunfg y ufg r`kuiinùf k` su kurginùf. Gft`s k`l dcftgh` k` uf fu`vc igol`, icdpru`o` qu` lgs mgrmgftgs k` lgs pcl`gs fc egygf snkc k`t`rncrgkgs y k`bcrdgkgs pcr `l pgsc k`l vn`hc igol`.
G[@FINÙF K`spuîs k` lg sustntuinùf k`l igol` s`møf lgs nfstruiincf`s intgkgs gft`rncrd`ft`, giincf` `l igor`stgft` y icdpru`o` qu` gl d`fcs tr`s vu`ltgs k` igol` qu`k`f scor` `l tgdocr guf icf `l igol` icdpl`tgd`ft` k`s`frcllgkc.
G[@FINÙF K`s`frcllgr y `frcllgr igol`s scf cp`rgincf`s k` rutnfg pgrg `st` tnpc k` dçqunfgs. @s f`i`sgrnc, pcr lc tgftc, knspcf`r k` e`rrgdn`ftgs gprcpngkgs qu` s` k`o`f dgft`f`r `f kctginùf icf lg dçqunfg `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc, icf `l f k` fc kg÷gr lcs igol`s kurgft` su dgfnpulginùf. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl `stgkc k` icfs`rvginùf k` igol`s fu`vcs `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` lg fc cos`rvginùf k`l icrr`itc usc k` lcs dnsdcs. G[@FINÙF Gft`s k` pgsgr uf igol` pcr sus r`sp`itnvgs r`sp`itnvgs pcl`gs, icdpru`o` qu` îstgs fc `stîf `xi`snvgd`ft` mgstgkgs c k`bcrdgkgs: sn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, sustntøyglgs nfd`kngtgd`ft`.
QCL@GY ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ Q@LNM_C [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` `stgr usgfkc pcl`gs mgstgkgs y/c kg÷gkgs `s duy p`lnmrcsc. Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lg pcl`g mgstgkg y/c kg÷gkg. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c y/ c icsgs k`onkcs gl usc k` pcl`gs mgstgkgs y/c kg÷gkgs. Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg icf `siglcf`s qu` r`spcfkg g lgs fcrdgtnvgs k` pr`v`finùf k` giink`ft`s vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg, pgrg gii`k`r icf s`murnkgk g lcs knb`r`ft`s puftcs intgkcs. [ckgs lgs pcl`gs gplnigkgs g lg dçqunfg su`l`f icfsudnrs` `xt`rncrd`ft`. Qcr lc tgftc, `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r g uf icftrcl vnsnvc pgrg `vglugr su `stgkc iugfkc s` iclcig `l dçstnl `f lg
O
G
I
pcsninùf k` trgfspcrt`. @f lg murg s` `vnk`fing lg icfkninùf k` lg pcl`g fu`vg
@ftcfi`s, `l dîtckc k` icftrcl s` lndntg g ufg
G icf `l igol` O qu` s` gkgptg p`rb`itgd`ft` g lg mgrmgftg, y lg icfkninùf k` lg pcl`g I icf uf k`smgst` pcr brctgdn`ftc nmugl g lg dntgk k`l knçd`trc nfningl k`l igol` O gprcx.
icdprcoginùf vnsnvg k` lg mgrmgftg k` lg pcl`g I qu` `vnk`fin` ufg pgrtniulgr k`t`rncrginùf `f lgs zcfgs nfknigkgs. Lg pcl`g I k`t`rncrgkg k`o` s`r sustntunkg nfd`kngtgd`ft`.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?0>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 29 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
LPO_NIGINÙF Lgs pcl`gs gplnigkgs g lg dçqunfg pu`k`f s`r k`l tnpc G icf `fmrgsgkcr `xt`rfc O c k`l tnpc I icf ichnf`t`s K pr`-luornigkcs y olnfkgkcs. Qgrg lgs pcl`gs G s` pr`vî ufg luorniginùf p`rnùknig d`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` `sp`ingl @ `f kctginùf: pgrg lgs pcl`gs I s` prci`k`rç g lg sustntuinùf k` lcs ichnf`t`s K `f `l igsc `f qu` s` fct`f gfcdglägs k` bufincfgdn`ftc.
G
I O K
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?21/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 2; D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
ICDQCF@F[@Y ENK_ÇPLNICY NFY[_PIINCF@Y K@ DCF[GH@
G
[uocs `xnol`s Lgs tu`rigs k` suh`inùf k` lcs tuocs `xnol`s k`o`f s`r
gtcrfnllgkgs egstg qu` fc egyg dçs pîrknkgs k` gi`nt` k`l gicplgdn`ftc. Pfg suh`inùf gknincfgl fc d`hcrg lg `stgfqu`nkgk, gl icftrgrnc kg÷g `l gicplgdn`ftc.
Pf tuoc `xnol` fc k`o` s`r fufig scd`tnkc g tcrsnùf.
Kurgft` `l dcftgh` s` k`o` pr`v`r qu` oghc igrmg `l tuoc `xnol` `stç scd`tnkc g vgrngincf`s k` lcfmntuk
O
icf icfsnmun`ft`s `sbu`rzcs k` tcrsnùf. Qcr lc tgftc, `vnt` tuocs `xnol`s G k`dgsngkc icrtcs y icdpru`o` `l
ghust` icrr`itc k`l tuoc `f icfknincf`s k` r`pcsc.
Yn lcs tuocs `xnol`s O-I k`o`f s`munr iurvgs `f su
r`icrrnkc, pcfmg gt`finùf g qu` lcs rgkncs k` iurvgturg s`gf icrr`itcs. Pf rgknc k` iurvgturg k`dgsngkc `str`iec igusg `str`iegdn`ftcs k` s`iinùf y pcr icfsnmun`ft` pîrknkgs k` igrmg. Gk`dçs lgs pl`mgkurgs icfsnmun`ft`s prcvcigf `sbu`rzcs k` tcrsnùf y rcturgs k` lgs tuo`rägs. @s
I
f`i`sgrnc `l`mnr ufg lcfmntuk icrr`itg k`l tuoc `ftr` lcs gicplgdn`ftcs.
Qgrg uf dcftgh` icrr`itc k` lcs tuocs `xnol`s I-K `stçf
knspcfnol`s ickcs qu` sgtnsbgi`f `xnm`fings k` dcftgh` `f `spgincs `str`iecs snf p`rhuknigr lg `in`fing y lg kurginùf k`l tuoc `xnol`.
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?27/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 20 D
@YQ@INBNIGINCF@Y [ÎIFNIGY K@ _@B@_@FING @YQG×CL
@dpgld`s enkrçulnics
K
- Luornqu` `l C-rnfm G gplnigfkc ufg lnm`rg p`läiulg k` mrgsg. Yn `l `dpgld` `s k` tnpc «crn`ftgol`º, gtcrfnll` g bcfkclglgmgrmgftg tu`rig k`k`suh`inùf lno`rgry O pgrg icdpl`tgd`ft` k`sigrmg k`l l`t`
O
icdprcogr vnsugld`ft` sn lg grgfk`lg k` prct`iinùf I pu`k` gligfzgr lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f lg murg.
I
@
- Nfstgl` `l `dpgld` K `f su glchgdn`ftc snf bcrzgr egstg qu` lg grgfk`lg k` suh`inùf @ `ftr` `f icftgitc icf lg sup`rin` `lgocrgkg.
- Yn `l `dpgld` `s k` tnpc crn`ftgol`, ghust` lg crn`ftginùf mnrgfkc `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc `l `dpgld` K egstg uf dçxndc k` ufg vu`ltg pgrg gligfzgr lg knr`iinùf k`s`gkg: k`spuîs, dgft`fn`fkc lg pcsninùf icf ufg llgv`, olcqu`` icf lg tu`rig O.
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?2?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 22 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C IG__C K@ C_PMGY DC[C__@KPI[C_ DC[C__@KPI[ C_ K@ [_GYLGINÙF Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` -
Qgr` lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf `l r`kuitcr `f lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f lg murg.
-
Wunt` `l tgpùf G. K`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` `l tgpùf O y egmg sglnr `l gi`nt`. Yn lg sglnkg k` gi`nt` `s goufkgft`, in`rr` in`rr` `l tgpùf O. Yn lg sglnkg r`sultg `sigsg c nf`xnst`ft`, prci`kg gl r`ll`fc. Wunt` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l tgpùf O. D`kngft` ufg h`rnfmg nftrckuzig gi`nt` fu`vc
G
O
pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf G egstg qu` sglmg gi`nt`
-
goufkgft`d`ft` pcr `l tgpùf O. Icdpru`o` lgs mugrfnincf`s k` lcs tgpcf`s y, sn `stçf gplgstgkgs c k`t`rncrgkgs, sustntøyglgs. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr g bcfkc lcs tgpcf`s GO.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Qgr` lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf `l r`kuitcr `f lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f lg murg.
-
Wunt` `l tgpùf G. Iclcqu` uf r`inpn`ft` nkùf`c k`oghc k`l tgpùf O gft`s k` quntgr `st` tgpùf. K`h` sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l gi`nt` g trgvîs k`l crninc k`l tgpùf O. Icdpru`o` lgs mugrfnincf`s k` lcs tgpcf`s y, sn `stçf gplgstgkgs c k`t`rncrgkgs, sustntøyglgs. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr g bcfkc `l tgpùf O. D`kngft` ufg h`rnfmg nftrckuzig gi`nt` fu`vc pcr `l crninc G egstg qu` sglmg pcr `l dnsdc crninc. Gprn`t` g bcfkc `l tgpùf G.
G
O
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY IGKG ?111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?29/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 2= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ [@FYNÙF C_PMGY Q@LNM_C Lg mrgsg qu` sgl` oghc pr`snùf pcr `l `fmrgsgkcr,
O
G
I
pu`k` `fFc lg dnr` pn`l fufig y igusgr l`sncf`s mrgv`s nfilunkgp`f`trgr lg du`rt`. eging `l `fmrgsgkcr pgrg v`r sn sgl` lg mrgsg. Icftrcl` lgs crumgs pgrg icdprcogr sn lgs igt`fgrngs `stçf t`fsgkgs c chgs. -
Iclcqu` lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc. Iclcqu` ufg r`mlg G scor` lg crumg O icdc s` nfknig
@
`f lg murg.
-
Dnkg lg knstgfing I `ftr` lcs kcs `l`d`ftcs. Yn lg knstgfing I `s sup`rncr g 01 dd r`mul` lg t`fsnùf k` gdogs crumgs O. Qr`pgr` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` K `f kctginùf. Wunt` lgs tgpgk`rgs k` nfsp`iinùf @. Nftrckuzig lg ocdog K `f `l `fmrgsgkcr k` lg vçlvulg B. Nfy`it` mrgsg egstg qu` s` icrrnhg icdpl`tgd`ft` lg
-
`xnùf k` lg crumg. @f `l igsc `f qu` lg t`fsnùf bu`rg `xi`snvg, gch` lg
-
K
vçlvulg B k` dgf`rg qu` sglmg lg igftnkgk k` mrgsg `f `xi`sc.
NDQC_[GF[@ @l dgft`fndn`ftc k` lgs igk`fgs g lg t`fsnùf icrr`itg gud`ftgrç lg kurginùf `f `l tn`dpc k` lcs icdpcf`ft`s k`l igrrc. Lg t`fsnùf k` lgs igk`fgs k`o` s`r r`mulgkg `f bufinùf k` lgs icfknincf`s cp`rgtnvgs k` lg dçqunfg `f `s` dcd`ftc. @f pr`s`fing k` t`rr`fc p`sgkc dgft`fmg lgs igk`fgs lc dçs chgs pcsnol`.
B IGKG 011 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?2;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 25 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK HPF[G ENK_ÇPLNIG Lg huftg enkrçulnig mnrgtcrng fc f`i`sntg uf dgft`fndn`ftc prcmrgdgkc yg qu` fc `stç scd`tnkg g `sbu`rzc icftnfuc. Yustntuyg lcs r`t`f`s nft`rfcs sùlc sn s` `vnk`fingf pîrknkgs k` gi`nt`.
G[@FINÙF Lg `v`ftugl sustntuinùf k` lcs r`t`f`s k`o` s`r `ficd`fkgkg `xilusnvgd`ft` g p`rscfgl tîifnic `sp`inglnzgkc, kctgkc k` e`rrgdn`ftgs `sp`iäigs.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK _CKNLLCY ^ _P@KGY K@ [@FYNÙF C_PMGY Lcs rcknllcs G y lgs ru`kgs k` t`fsnùf O k`l tr`f k` rckgh` scf k`l tnpc “luornigkcs g vnkg—. @stcs `l`d`ftcs scf r`ll`fgkcs icf gi`nt` kurgft` lg bgs` k` dcftgh` pcr `l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I y, `f icfknincf`s k` `dpl`c crknfgrngs, fc f`i`sntgf uf dgft`fndn`ftc prcmrgdgkc egstg su k`t`rncrginùf fcrdgl k`onkg g gorgsnùf. @f iuglqun`r igsc, s` gicfs`hg `b`itugr icftrcl`s vnsnvcs p`rnùknics y icdprcogr qu` igusgs giink`ftgl`s fc egygf icdprcd`tnkc sus mugrfnincf`s (pîrknkgs k` gi`nt`).
G[@FINÙF Lg `v`ftugl sustntuinùf k` lcs r`t`f`s k`o` s`r `ficd`fkgkg `xilusnvgd`ft` g p`rscfgl tîifnic `sp`inglnzgkc, kctgkc k` e`rrgdn`ftgs `sp`iäigs.
O
G
IGKG 011 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?20/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 2> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
LNDQN@XG ^ @FM_GY@ [_GRN@YGY [@L@YIÙQNIGY Q@LNM_C Fc us` fufig mgsclnfg, sclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrg lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni` knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs fc nfgdgol`s y gtùxnics. Lgs trgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs G icfsn`ft`f `fsgfiegr c `str`iegr lgs crumgs k`l igrrc. Dgftîfmglgs sn`dpr` lndpngs y luornigkgs pgrg mgrgftnzgr uf dcvndn`ftc dçs ufnbcrd` y, pcr icfsnmun`ft`, r`kuinr `l `sbu`rzc k` lcs inlnfkrcs.
G
G
Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 - Lndpn` icf uf pnfi`l y knsclv`ft` lgs sup`rin`s k`
-
-
tckgs lgs trgvn`sgs G. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, rgsp` pgrg `lndnfgr suin`kgk, ogrrc y mrgsg qu` s` egf giudulgkc `ftr` `l igrrc y lgs trgvn`sgs G. Gl fglnzgr lg lndpn`zg, s`qu` tckgs lgs sup`rin`s
icf uf trgpc lndpnc y `fmrgs` icf uf pnfi`l. D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` O `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f tckcs lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s k`l tr`f k` rckgh`.
IGKG 711 EC_GY
ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ HP@MC [_GRN@YGY [@L@YIÙQNIGY Iugfkc, kurgft` lg rctginùf icftnfug k` lg tcrr`tg, s` fctg ufg in`rtg nf`stgonlnkgk, `s f`i`sgrnc ghustgr `l hu`mc k` lgs trgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs.
G[@FINÙF
O
Qgrg dçs nfbcrdgincf`s scor` `l icftrcl y `l ghust` k`l hu`mc k` lgs trgvn`sgs t`l`siùpnigs, pùfmgs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?22/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =1 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
YPY[N[PINÙF QG_[@Y K@[@_NC_GKGY @l igrrc k` crumgs k` ufg p`rbcrgkcrg subr` k` k`t`rncrginùf `f mrgkc d`fcr r`sp`itc, pcr `h`dplc, gl igrrc uf `xigvgkcrg. @sc `sk`k`onkc prnfinpgld`ft` gl `stgtnsdc k` lg dçqunfg kurgft` `l trgoghc. Qgrg `stg igt`mcräg k` dçqunfgs, lcs nft`rvglcs k` sustntuinùf k` pgrt`s qu` subr`f fcrdgld`ft` k` ufg k`t`rncrginùf r`p`ftnfg s` r`kui`f k` lg dntgk gprcxndgkgd`ft` r`sp`itc g lgs nft`rv`fincf`s fcrdgl`s. Qcr lc tgftc, `st` dgfugl fc icfsnk`rg k`o`r nlustrgr lgs cp`rgincf`s k` sustntuinùf, snfc qu` s` lndntg g gfglnzgr lcs dîtckcs k` icftrcl k`l icfsudc t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg tgdonîf qu` lg dgycr pgrt` k` lgs cp`rgincf`s k` k`sdcftgh` y dcftgh` k` `stcs icdpcf`ft`s f`i`sntgf `qunpcs gk`iugkcs (pr`fsgs pcrtçtnl`s c hgs, llgv`s
knfgdcdîtrnigs, `ti.) y lg p`rdgf`fing k` lg dçqunfg `f uf [gll`r @sp`inglnzgkc. @ftcfi`s, `f igsc k` prcol`dgs k` `st` tnpc, s` gicfs`hg pcf`rs` `f icftgitc nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I pgrg ufg llgdgkg k` Gsnst`fing [îifnig.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?2=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =7 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL GQ_N@[@ [C_FNLL@_ÄG QG[NF@Y @b`itø` `l icftrcl k`l pgr k` tcrsnùf utnlnzgfkc ufg llgv` knfgdcdîtrnig G qu` nfknig knr`itgd`ft` lcs vglcr`s. [ckcs lcs lcs icftrcl`s s`r `b`itugkcs t`fn`fkc `f iu`ftg vglcr`sk`o`f nfknigkcs `f lg icludfg “YNF LPO_NIGF[@— k` lg tgolg g icftnfuginùf. @f `l igsc `f qu` s` sustntuygf ufc c dçs pgtnf`s O y lcs r`lgtnvcs tcrfnllcs I, s`rç f`i`sgrnc luornigr lg tcrfnll`räg goufkgft`d`ft` y gpr`tgrlg icfsnk`rgfkc lcs vglcr`s k` lg icludfg “ICF LPO_NIGF[@—.
O G
QG_ K@ [C_YNÙF õ øtnl Icf luornigft` Ynf luornigft` F xd lobxbt F xd lobxbt 7175=92-522 =/5— - 7; 5;5->>= 279-=?7 77>= PFY 71>0=>?->9? 797;- >01-7775 D?;x7.0 7?55 70;2
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Õ
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?25/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
[C__@[G DC[C__@KPI[C_@Y K@ _C[GINÙF Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` - Iclcqu` lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. - Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr y gii`kg gl dctcrr`kuitcr G. - Wunt` `l tgpùf k` fnv`l ` nftrckuiinùf O. - Icdpru`o` scor` lg vgrnllg k` fnv`l qu` `l gi`nt` s` `fiu`ftr` `ftr` lg dgrig DÄF. y lg dgrig DÇU.: DÇU.: sn `l fnv`l r`sultg `sigsc c nf`xnst`ft`, prci`kg icf `l r`ll`fc. - Nftrckuzig gi`nt` fu`vc pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf O egstg gligfzgr `l fnv`l gicfs`hgkc. - Icdpru`o` vnsugld`ft` `l fnv`l gligfzgkc y k`spuîs vu`lvg g `frcsigr `l tgpùf O egstg `l bcfkc. NDQC_[GF[@ @l icftrcl k`l fnv`l s` `b`itøg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc, icf `l gi`nt` igln`ft`, k`spuîs k` ufcs ?1 dnfutcs k` lg pgrgkg k`l dctcr.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Iclcqu` lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr y gii`kg gl dctcrr`kuitcr G. Wunt` `l tgpùf k` r`ll`fc O pgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt`. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk k`oghc k`l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg iclcigkc k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg y k`spuîs qunt` `l tgpùf. K`h` sglnr `l gi`nt` usgkc `f `l r`inpn`ft`: lndpn` iunkgkcsgd`ft` y `frcsqu` `l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg. Nftrckuzig gi`nt` pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf k` r`ll`fc
G
O
-
egstg gligfzgr `l fnv`l gicfs`hgkc. Icftrcl` `l fnv`l y vu`lvg g gpr`tgr `l tgpùf O.
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY IGKG ?111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?2>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =9 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
@FM_GY@ IC_CFG K@ MN_C D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f lcs kcs `fmrgsgkcr`s O.
G IGKG 01 EC_GY
O
O
O
O
@FM_GY@ ONYGM_GY IGQÙY K@ NFYQ@IINÙF N FYQ@IINÙF D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg tckcs lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s lgs onsgmrgs egstg I k` qu` lg`f mrgsg nfy`itgkg sustntuyg lg vn`hg. D`kngft` uf pnfi`l gplnqu` mrgsg tgdonîf scor` lcs olcqu`cs y lgs i`rrgkurgs.
I IGKG 011 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ [GDQCF@Y K@ GQC^C DÇY[NL Lcs tgdpcf`s G p`rdnt`f gdcrtnmugr `l dçstnl kurgft` lg bgs` k` oghgkg pgrg lg iclciginùf k` lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgfspcrt`. Qcr icfsnmun`ft`, `stcs tgdpcf`s G k`o`f `stgr sn`dpr` `f icfknincf`s ùptndgs pgrg `vntgr gpcycs orusics y icfsnmun`ft`s kg÷cs gl inf`dgtnsdc k`l dçstnl. Qrcv`g g lg sustntuinùf `f igsc k` k`smgst` gi`ftugkc.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =0 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
QP@Y[C K@ ICFKPIINÙF ICF[_CL ^ _@Y[GOL@INDN@F[C FNR@L LÄWPNKC K@[@_M@F[@ LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY -
Gii`kg g lg igonfg k` icfkuiinùf G. Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l k`l k`t`rm`ft` `f `l k`pùsntc O quntgfkc `l tgpùf I y g÷gkg läqunkc k`t`rm`ft`, sn `s f`i`sgrnc, pgrg fc grrn`smgrs` g egi`r bufincfgr lgs `l`itrcocdogs `f s`ic, icf `l snmun`ft` k`t`rncrc k` lgs dnsdgs.
G
G[@FINÙF Iugfkc s` trgoghg g t`dp`rgturgs gdon`ft` duy oghgs, `s nfknsp`fsgol` lg utnlnzginùf k` läqunkc lndpngpgrgornsgs icf gftnicfm`lgft`. Lg bcrdginùf k` en`lc `f lg nfstglginùf, prcvcigräg `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lgs `l`itrcocdogs `f s`ic icf uf kg÷c nfd`kngtc.
I
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg `l gogst`indn`ftc, utnlni` ufg scluinùf k` gmug k`stnlgkg-k`t`rm`ft` qu` s` pu`k` `ficftrgr `f v`ftg `f lgs tn`fkgs k` r`igdoncs pgrg gutcs.
IGKG 711 EC_GY
ICF[_CL ^ YPY[N[PINÙF @YICONLLGY LNDQNGQG_GO_NYGY Icftrcl` icfstgft`d`ft` lgs `siconllgs k`l lndpngpgrgornsgs k`lgft`rc y sup`rncr y sustntøyglgs sn `stçf k`t`rncrgkgs, kg÷gkgs c sn rgygf `l irnstgl. Qgrg k`sdcftgr lgs `siconllgs, gli` `l orgzc eging gbu`rg, k`sicf`it` `l scpcrt` k` lg `siconllg k`l p`rfc k` hginùf scor` `l orgzc y `xtrgnmg lg `siconllg eging
grrnog.
IGKG 711 EC_GY
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =2 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
@FM_GY@ ONYGM_GY QP@_[G IGONFG D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s k` lgs onsgmrgs k` lg pu`rtg.
G IGKG 011 EC_GY
NFY[GLGINÙF K@ GN_@GINÙF ^ IGL@BGIINÙF Icftrcl y lndpn`zg `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gnr`
`xt`rncr -
Iclùqu`s` `f `l `xt`rncr k` lg igonfg, g lg nzqun`rkg. K`sdcft` `l pgf`l O y `xtrgnmg `l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` I. Icdpru`o` `l mrgkc k` costruiinùf gi`rigfkc ufg bu`ft` k` luz k`trçs k`l ltrc.
-
Yn `l mrgkc k` costruiinùf `s gi`ptgol`, scpl` `l ltrc icf gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr). Ycpl` `l ltrc `f s`ftnkc icftrgrnc icf r`sp`itc gl fcrdgl uhc k`l gnr`. Nfsnstg egstg iugfkc `l iclcr k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` I
O
r`sult` ufnbcrd`. -
Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` y `l pgf`l k`
in`rr` O.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` Yn `f lg øltndg cp`rginùf k` lndpn`zg k`l ltrc I `l mrgkc k` costruiinùf k`l t`hnkc ltrgft` p`rdgf`i` nfvgrngkc
c sn `l t`hnkc `stç kg÷gkc, `s cpcrtufc prci`k`r icf lg
O
sustntuinùf.
IGKG ?111 EC_GY
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=9/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG == D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF NFY[ GLGINÙF GN_@ GICFKNINCFGKC Q@LNM_C ¡Mgs r`brnm`rgft`
oghc
pr`snùf!
@b`itugr
nft`rv`fincf`s `f lg nfstglginùf k`l gnr` gicfknincfgkc snf lg k`onkg `xp`rn`fing `s duy p`lnmrcsc. @xnst` `l rn`smc k` ufg icfm`lginùf mrgv` u ctrc tnpc k` giink`ft` pcr igusg k` ufg pcsnol` bumg k` r`brnm`rgft`. Qnkg lg nft`rv`finùf k` tîifnics `sp`inglnzgkcs kctgkcs k` `qunpcs gprcpngkcs.
G
Q@LNM_C Fc `xpcfmg fnfmufg pgrt` k` lg nfstglginùf k`l gnr` gicfknincfgkc g llgdgs c g `xi`snvc iglcr, pcrqu` `xnst` `l rn`smc k` nfi`fknc c k` `xplcsnùf. Q@LNM_C Yn `l r`brnm`rgft` `ftrg `f icftgitc icf lg pn`l `s f`i`sgrnc utnlnzgr `l dnsdc trgtgdn`ftc qu` pgrg lg icfm`lginùf. - Igln`ft` lg pgrt` nft`r`sgkg icf lg dgfc c icf gmug t`dplgkg (9?± I). - Iuorg icf ufg v`fkg chg pgrg prct`m`r k` lgs nfb`iincf`s lg zcfg nft`r`sgkg y icfsult` nfd`kngtgd`ft` g uf dîknic. Yn `l r`brnm`rgft` `ftrg `f icftgitc icf lcs chcs `s f`i`sgrnc lgvgrlcs nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf gmug bräg pcr lc d`fcs pcr 0 dnfutcs y pr`s`ftgrs` `f s`munkg `f uf ecspntgl.
O
@st` igpätulc gfglnzgrç øfnigd`ft` lgs cp`rgincf`s qu` fc f`i`sntgf lg dgfnpulginùf y lg utnlnzginùf k`l mgs r`brnm`rgft`, cp`rgincf`s îstgs øltndgs qu` k`o`f s`r `ficd`fkgkgs g p`rscfgl tîifnic `sp`inglnzgkc y kctgkc `qunpcs ` nfstrud`ftcs gprcpngkcs. Qcr lc k` tgftc, s` prceäo` `xpr`sgd`ft` gl `figrmgkc k`l dgft`fndn`ftc nft`rv`fnr knr`itgd`ft` scor` lg nfstglginùf c pgrt`s k` `llg icdc lcs tuocs k`l mrupc k` gnr` gicfknincfgkc G, lcs tuocs k`l icfk`fsgkcr, lcs tuocs k`l ltrc k`senkrgtgkcr O y lcs tuocs k`l icdpr`scr I. Knrähgs` gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I pgrg lgs snmun`ft`s nft`rv`fincf nft`rv`fincf`s8 `s8
-
icftrcl igftnkgk mgs r`brnm`rgft` vgingkc/r`ll`fc mgs r`brnm`rgft` sustntuinùf tuocs `xnol`s.
I
¡_@YQ@[@ @L D@KNC GDON@F[@! Lgs nfstglgincf`s k` gnr` gicfknincfgkc icf r`brnm`rgft` läqunkc (_79;g) k`o`f s`r vgingkgs icrr`itgd`ft` y gogst`inkgs usgfkc gpgrgtcs qu` ndpnkgf su bumg g lg gtdùsb`rg. Lgs fcrdgs vnm`ft`s `f `l Qgäs k` utnlnzginùf k` lg dçqunfg pckrägf p`knr lg r`iup`rginùf y r`inilgh` k`l mgs r`brnm`rgft`. Knrähgs` g tîifnics `sp`inglnzgkcs kctgkcs k` `qunpcs gprcpngkcs.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG =5 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg icfk`fsgkcr -
Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr `f lg pgrt` trgs`rg nzqun`rkg k` lg dçqunfg.
-
Icftrcl` lg pr`s`fing k`trntcs `f `l icfk`fsgkcr f`i`sgrnc,k`lädpn`lc. G y, sn bu`rg @lndnf` s`knd`ftcs y pclvc icf gmug lndpng.
NDQC_[GF[@ Yn `l icfk`fsgkcr `stç duy suinc, lädpn`lc icf uf i`pnllc qu` fc s`g k`dgsngkc kurc pgrg fc kg÷gr c kcolgr lgs gl`tgs.
IGKG 01 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=0/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG => D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Icftrcl `in`fing icdpr`scr mgs r`brnm`rgft`
Kgkc qu` `l icdpr`scr `s `l icdpcf`ft` dçs ndpcrtgft` k` lg nfstglginùf k`l gnr` gicfknincfgkc, k`o` s`r dgft`fnkc sn`dpr` `in`ft`.
Pfg lgrmg nfgitnvnkgk k`l icdpr`scr pu`k` igusgr kg÷cs yg s`g k`onkcs gl `b`itc k` lgs vnorgincf`s trgfsdntnkgs pcr `l v`eäiulc icdc g lg k`sgpgrninùf k` lg p`läiulg k` gi`nt` `ftr` lcs ùrmgfcs icftnmucs. Qcr icfsnmun`ft`, s` r`icdn`fkg egi`r bufincfgr `l icdpr`scr gl d`fcs pcr 71 dnfutcs igkg s`dgfg, tgdonîf `f lcs p`rnckcs `f lcs qu` `l ilndgtnzgkcr fc s` utnlnzg. Qgrg lcs icftrcl`s y lgs r`mulgincf`s k`l icdpr`scr, gorg `l igpù dctcr iclcigkc `f lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr c k`sdcft` `l lgstr` trgs`rc. Qgrg `vntgr kg÷cs g lg brniinùf `l`itrcdgmfîtnig I y pcsnol`s icfsnmun`ft`s kg÷cs gl icdpr`scr O, icftrcl` p`rnùknigd`ft` `l bufincfgdn`ftc icrr`itc k`l snst`dg. @f pgrtniulgr, gs`mør`s` k` qu`8
-
Lg t`fsnùf g lcs t`rdnfgl`s k`l `l`itrcndçf s`g lg pr`vnstg (?; RII). Kurgft` `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg nfstglginùf k` gnr` gicfknincfgkc fc egyg br`iu`ft`s `dorgmu`s y k`s`dorgmu`s k` lg brniinùf. @l hu`mc `ftr` lg pcl`g y `l plgtc k` grrgstr` s`g icdpr`fknkc `ftr` 1,9 y 1,0 dd. Fc egyg mrgsg c gi`nt` `ftr` lg pcl`g y `l plgtc k` grrgstr`.
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=2/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 51 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Icftrcl y r`mulginùf t`fsnùf icrr`g icdpr`scr Q@LNM_C Blunkc oghc pr`snùf. Nft`rv`fmg sclc `f r`lginùf g lgs nfstruiincf`s intgkgs goghc: iuglqun`r ctrg cp`rginùf k`o`rç s`r icfgkg g p`rscfgl tîifnic `sp`inglnzgkc y kctgkc k` `qunpcs gprcpngkcs.
G
Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G `f `l lgkc trgs`rc nzqun`rkc k` lg dçqunfg. - Gii`kg gl icdpr`scr O. - Egmg pr`snùf icf kcs k`kcs scor` lg icrr`g I y icdpru`o` qu` lg t`fsnùf s`g icrr`itg. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, prci`kg g lg r`mulginùf s`møf lgs -
snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf` nfstruiincf`s8 s8
-
Mnr` `l tcrfnllc K k`l knspcsntnvc k` t`fsnùf @ egstg gligfzgr lg t`fsnùf icrr`itg.
G[@FINÙF Pfg icrr`g `stç t`fsgkg icrr`itgd`ft` pu`k` igusgrqu` ufg fc knsdnfuinùf k`l r`fkndn`ftc k`l icdpr`scr, y tgdonîf kg÷cs g lg icrr`g y gl dnsdc icdpr`scr.
O
@ K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG 011 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf icrr`g icdpr`scr -
Mnr` `l tcrfnllc K k`l knspcsntnvc k` t`fsnùf @ pgrg `xtrg`r lg icrr`g mgstgkg. Nfstgl` ufg icrr`g fu`vg I. Qrci`kg g lg r`mulginùf k` lg t`fsnùf.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
I K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?==/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 57 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
DC[C_ KN@Y@L @st` igpätulc sudnfnstrg tckgs lgs nfbcrdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl dgft`fndn`ftc k`l dctcr kn`s`l, t`fn`fkc `f ` f iu`ftg lg nfstglginùf `sp`iäig y lg iclciginùf k`l dctcr scor` lg
dçqunfg. @l dgfugl k`sirno` tckgs lgs cp`rgincf`s k` dgft`fndn`ftc y/c r`pgrginùf qu` `stçf k`ftrc k`l lädnt` k` lgs ?111 ecrgs. Lgs cp`rgincf`s qu`, `f igdonc, f`i`sntgf lg pr`s`fing k` tîifnics `sp`inglnzgkcs, lg p`rdgf`fing k` lg dçqunfg `f uf tgll`r gutcrnzgkc c qu`, `f iuglqun`r igsc, fc f`i`sntgf pgrtniulgr`s nfbcrdgincf`s k`sirnptnvgs, `stçf prcpu`stgs `f `l dgfugl `sp`iäic k`l dctcr gkhuftc gl pr`s`ft`.
Lg lnstg g icftnfuginùf nfknig lgs cp`rgincf`s qu` p`rt`f`i`f g lg s`mufkg tnpclcmäg8
-
icftrcl icfi`ftrginùf läqunkc gftnicfm`lgft` ghust` k`l hu`mc k` lgs vçlvulgs
Y`rç, pcr lc tgftc, f`i`sgrnc icfsultgr gdocs dgfugl`s pgrg `b`itugr icrr`itgd`ft` tckgs lgs cp`rgincf`s nfknigkgs.
NDQC_[GF[@ @l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I qu`kg g su icdpl`tg knspcsninùf pgrg sudnfnstrgrl` tckgs lgs nfknigincf`s f`i`sgrngs pgrg lg nfd`kngtg knspcfnonlnkgk k`l _@R@FK@KC_ c k`l [GLL@_ GP[C_NXGKC IPDDNFY dçs i`rigfc, icf r`lginùf g pcsnol`s pcsnol`s nft`rv`fincf`s k` r`pgrginùf y/c dgft`fndn`ftc qu` f`i`snt`f lg pr`s`fing k` Q`rscfgl [îifnic @sp`inglnzgkc, tgftc `f `l p`räckc k` mgrgftäg icdc `f `l p`rnckc k` pcst-mgrgftäg k` lg dçqunfg. NDQC_[GF[@ [ckgs lgs llgdgkgs k` Gsnst`fing [îifnig IPDDNFY k`o`f s`r gicdpg÷gkgs k`l Fød`rc k` _`b`r`fing k`l dctcr,, ndpr`sc `f lg r`lgtnvg tgrh`tg k` nk`ftniginùf. dctcr @f `l igsc `f qu` knieg tgrh`tg `stî iclcigkg `f ufg zcfg k` knbäinl gii`sc pnkg lg _`b`r`fing gl Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I.
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 5? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
K@QÙYN[C IG_OP_GF[@ Icftrcl fnv`l igrourgft` Kngrngd`ft` gl nfninc k`l trgoghc `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r prci`k `r gl icftrcl k`l fnv`l k` igrourgft`. Fcrdgld`ft`, `l gogst`indn`ftc s` k`o` `b`itugr gl fgl
k`l trgoghc: pcr lc tgftc, gl nfninc k`l trgoghc, lg dçqunfg k`o` `stgr `f icfkninùf k` “LL@FC—. Yn`dpr` qu`, kurgft` lg bgs` sui`snvg g lg pu`stg `f dgrieg c kurgft` `l bufincfgdn`ftc k` lg dçqunfg, lg luz k` gvnsc G `dpn`i` g k`st`llgr s`÷glgfkc ufg icfkninùf k` r`s`rvg, s`rç f`i`sgrnc r`ll`fgr `l k`pùsntc k`ftrc `l lädnt` dçxndc k` 7 ecrg. @l k`pùsntc tn`f` gprcxndgkgd`ft` ufg igpginkgk k` 901 lntrcs.
NDQC_[GF[@ Fc t`rdnf` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l icdoustnol` k`l k`pùsntc. @stc prcvcigräg `l prci`kndn`ftc k` purmg k`l gnr`f`i`sgrngd`ft` k` lg nfstglginùf k` glnd`ftginùf.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?=>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 59 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Gogst`indn`ftc icf `l`itrcocdog NDQC_[GF[@ Ps` igrourgft` k`igftgkc.
G
Qgrg trgsvgsgr `l igrourgft` k`sk` `l icft`f`kcr k` k`igftginùf gl k`pùsntc utnlni` lg `l`itrcocdog `f kctginùf8
-
Gorg `l igpù trgs`rc G `f `l lgkc k`r`iec k` lg dçqunfg. @xtrgnmg `l tuoc O k` su s`k`. Iclcqu` `l tuoc O `f `l nft`rncr k`l icft`f`kcr k` k`igftginùf Gprn`t` `l octùf I y dgftîfmglc gpr`tgkc egstg lg k`sgitnvginùf gutcdçtnig k` lg `l`itrcocdog gl fgl
-
k`l gogst`indn`ftc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l tuoc `f su s`k` k` dgf`rg qu` pu`kg mct`gr `f `l `sp`ingl tuoc k` mcdg k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg.
G[@FINÙF Lg `l`itrcocdog `stç glnd`ftgkg knr`itgd`ft` pcr lgs ogt`rägs icf `l dctcr colnmgtcrngd`ft` gpgmgkc. @s nfknsp`fsgol`, pcr lc tgftc, t`f`r sn`dpr` lgs ogt`rägs `f icfknincf`s k` igrmg ùptndgs. Yn`dpr` qu` egyg prcol`dgs k` ogt`rägs mgstgkgs, s` gicfs`hg r`igrmgrlgs c prci`k`r icf `l gogst`indn`ftc dgfugl. NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` `l gogst`indn`ftc gl fgl k` lg hcrfgkg k` trgoghc pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùf k` icfk`fsginùf kurgft` lg pgrgkg fciturfg.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL BNFGL K@L [_GOGHC
I
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?51/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 5; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Lndpn`zg ltrc tuoc `l`itrcocdog
Lg nfstglginùf k` gogst`indn`ftc igrourgft` gplnigkg g lg dçqunfg `stç kctgkg k` uf ltrc G iclcigkc `f lg `xtr`dnkgk k`l tuoc glnd`ftginùf lg `l`itrcocdog. @st` ltrc `vntg lg k` p`f`trginùf k`k`ndpur`zgs `f `l k`pùsntc. @l ltrc G k`o` s`r lndpngkc p`rnùknigd`ft` pgrg dgft`f`r su bufinùf nfglt`rgkg. Gtîfmgs` g lgs lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s88 nfstruiincf`s88 - K`s`frcsqu` `l ltrc G k`l icllgr rcsigkc O. - Qcfmg `l ltrc G `f uf r`inpn`ft` icf uf k`t`rm`ft`
-
icdøf y lçv`lc iunkgkcsgd`ft`. Ycpl` icf uf iecrrc k` gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr) `l ltrc G pgrg s`igrlc. Icdpru`o` `l mrgkc k` lndpn`zg gi`rigfkc ufg bu`ft` k` luz k`trçs k`l ltrc G. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l ltrc G `f `l icllgr rcsigkc O.
Q@LNM_C Fc us` fufig mgsclnfg, sclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrg lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni` knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs fc nfgdgol`s y gtùxnics.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
G O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?57/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 50 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Gogst`indn`ftc pcr `l tgpùf k` r`ll`fc Q@LNM_C Fc d`zil` mgsclnfg c glicecl gl mgscnl. @stg d`zilg pu`k` prcvcigr `xplcsncf`s. `xplcsncf`s.
G
@f `l igsc `f qu` `l snst`dg k` gogst`indn`ftc icf `l`itrcocdog r`sult` gv`rngkc y `l cp`rgkcr pu`kg utnlnzgr ufg ocdog `xt`rncr, `l gogst`indn`ftc pu`k` `b`itugrs` s`møf lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s. -
-
Icf lg dçqunfg scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc llgfc y `l dçstnl v`rtnigl, vgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr G. Gii`kg y qunt` `l tgpùf k` igrmg O y `dpn`i` `l gogst`indn`ftc d`kngft` lg ocdog `xt`rncr k` qu` s` knspcf`. K` lg icfkninùf k` “_@Y@_R “_@Y@_RG— G— g lg icfkninùf k` “LL@FC— `l k`pùsntc pu`k` icft`f`r 901 lntrcs gprcxndgkgd`ft`. _`kuzig nftrckuiinùf k` igrourgft` iugfkc gligfzg `llglädnt` dçxndc pgrg `vntgr qu` sglmg pcrs` lg ocig. K`spuîs k`l r`ll`fc, vu`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf O. @lndnf` iunkgkcsgd`ft` tckgs trgzgs k` igrourgft` k` lg zcfg k` nftrckuiinùf.
NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` `l gogst`indn`ftc gl fgl k` lg hcrfgkg k` trgoghc pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùf k` icfk`fsginùf kurgft` lg pgrgkg fciturfg.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL BNFGL K@L [_GOGHC
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?5?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 52 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Lndpn`zg ltrc tgpùf k` r`ll`fc
@l tgpùf G `stç kctgkc `f su nft`rncr k` uf ltrc O qu` l` pr`s`rvg k` lg nftrckuiinùf k` ndpur`zgs c k` lg igäkg giink`ftgl k` coh`tcs kurgft` `l gogst`indn`ftc dgfugl. Fc costgft` lg dçqunfg `stî `qunpgkg icf ufg nfstglginùf k` gogst`indn`ftc gutùfcdc, qu` fc utnlnzg `l tgpùf k` r`ll`fc G, `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r p`rnùknigd`ft` g lg lndpn`zg k`l ltrc O iugfkc lg dçqunfg `s scd`tnkg g ufg r`vnsnùf m`f`rgl.
G
Gtîfmgs` g lgs lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 nfstruiincf`s8
-
Wunt` `l tgpùf G.
-
K`s`frcsqu` tckcs lcs tcrfnllcs k` hginùf. @xtrgnmg lg ocig I y `l ltrc O.
-
Iuorg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lg gp`rturg k`l k`pùsntc k` dgf`rg s`murg. Lgv` `l ltrc O icf uf k`t`rm`ft` icdøf. Y`qu` `l ltrc icf gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr).
-
Icdpru`o` `l ou`f r`sultgkc k` lg cp`rginùf
-
gi`rigfkc ufg bu`ft` ludnfcsg k`trçs k`l ltrc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l ltrc O y lg ocig I.
-
Gprn`t` tckcs lcs tcrfnllcs. Gprn`t` `l tgpùf G.
O I IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?59/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 5= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf -
Iclùqu`s` `f lg zcfg k`oghc k`l k`pùsntc igrourgft` `f `l lgkc trgs`rc k` lg dçqunfg.
-
Iclcqu` k`oghc k` lg icdpu`rtg G uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk. Icdpru`o` qu` lg pglgfig O `stî `f pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Wunt` `l tgpùf I. Mnr` lg pglgfig O `f pcsninùf k` “GON@_[C—. K`h` sglnr `l igrourgft` egstg qu` cot`fmg uf iclcr ufnbcrd`, snf gmug fn r`snkucs. Ru`lvg g iclcigr lg pglgfig O `f pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Gprn`t` `l tgpùf I.
-
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC
K`sigrmg y lgvgkc k`pùsntc igrourgft` @sp`ingld`ft` `f `l igsc k` lgrmg nfgitnvnkgk k` lg dçqunfg, pu`k` s`r f`i`sgrnc vgingr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l k`pùsntc pgrg `lndnfgr lcs s`knd`ftcs k` igrourgft` y pck`r prci`k`r gl lgvgkc nft`rncr k`l k`pùsntc. Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf` nfknigincf`s8 s8
-
Iclùqu`s` `f lg zcfg k`oghc k`l k`pùsntc igrourgft` `f `l lgkc trgs`rc k` lg dçqunfg. Iclcqu` k`oghc k` lg icdpu`rtg G uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk. Icdpru`o` “I@__GKC—.qu` lg pglgfig O `stî `f pcsninùf k` Wunt` `l tgpùf I. Mnr` lg pglgfig O `f pcsninùf k` “GON@_[C—. K`h` sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igrourgft`. G÷gkg igrourgft`. K`h` sglnr pcr lg icdpu`rtg G ufg igftnkgk k` igrourgft` nmugl g 7/0 k` lg igpginkgk k`l k`pùsntc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr lg pglgfig O `f pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf I.
G
O I
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?5;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 55 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF K@ GLND@F[GINÙF IG_OP_GF[@ Nfsp`iinùf nfstglginùf y k`t`iinùf k` pîrknkgs Q@LNM_C @lndnf` nfd`kngtgd`ft`, `f iugftc ciurrg, iuglqun`r pîrknkg k` icdoustnol` qu` pukn`rg prckuinr nfi`fkncs. -
Qgrg `l icftrcl k` lcs tuocs rämnkcs y `xnol`s `xnol`s k` lg
nfstglginùf k` glnd`ftginùf, gorg `l igpù dctcr. @b`itø` uf icftrcl vnsnvc igkg s`dgfg icf `l f
k` icdprcogr lg pcsnol` pr`s`fing k` pîrknkgs k` igrourgft` `f lcs rgicr`s y `f lcs tuocs k` nkg y vu`ltg, gk`dçs k` ufg pcsnol` giudulginùf k` igrourgft` k`oghc k`l k`pùsntc. @l r`fkndn`ftc k`l dctcr k`p`fk` scor`tckc k` lg igpginkgk k` lcs tuocs rämnkcs y `xnol`s k` trgfspcrtgr
igrourgft`. Pf iunkgkcsc dgft`fndn`ftc k` lcs tuocs r`pr`s`ftg uf bgitcr duy ndpcrtgft` pgrg mgrgftnzgr uf bufincfgdn`ftc `in`ft`, `icfùdnic y s`murc k`l dctcr y k` sus
`qunpcs. Icdpru`o` qu` lcs tuocs `xnol`s fc `stîf gpcygkcs `findg c `f icftgitc icf sup`rin`s igln`ft`s,
icdpr`fknkc tgdonîf `l icl`itcr k` k`sigrmg, ocrk`s icrtgft`s u ctrgs zcfgs p`lnmrcsgs. Icfsnk`rgfkc qu` `f tckcs lcs d`kncs d`içfnics s` prckui`f vnorgincf`s y k`splgzgdn`ftcs k` ufg in`rtg `ftnkgk, lgs gorgzgk`rgs y lg tcrfnll`räg s` pu`k`f gchgr gch gr icf `l tn`dpc. Qgrg pck`r
mgrgftnzgr uf scpcrt` gk`iugkc, icftrcl` r`mulgrd`ft` lg suh`inùf k` `stcs `l`d`ftcs y gprnît`lcs c sustntøyglcs sn `s f`i`sgrnc.
IGKG 01 EC_GY Lcs tuocs `xnol`s tn`f`f ufg vnkg on`f k`fnkg. Lg kurginùf k` uf tuoc `xnol` k`p`fk` k` lg t`dp`rgturg y k` lg pr`snùf k`l unkc qu` ll`vg `f su nft`rncr,
gk`dçs k` lgs ecrgs k` trgoghc, k`l scpcrt`, k` lgs t`dp`rgturgs gdon`ft` y k` lg `ftnkgk k` lgs `xncf`s
y k` lgs vnorgincf`s g qu` `stç suh`tc. Icdpru`o` lg pcsnol` pr`s`fing k` kg÷cs sup`ringl`s u ctrgs s`÷gl`s
k` kg÷cs, tcrsncf`s, icfsudc, kcol`i`s, mrn`tgs c pîrknkgs. [ckcs lcs tuocs `xnol`s iclcigkcs `f `l nft`rncr c `f
`l `xt`rncr k` lg y/c dçqunfg s` sustntunrçf `f s`k` icfk` lg r`vnsnùf m`f`rgl k`spuîs k` uf p`rnckc dçxndc infic g÷cs k` trgoghc.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?50/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 5> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf ltrc
s`pgrgkcr -
G
Gii`kg gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G.
gl ltrc s`pgrgkc s`pgrgkcrr O. -- Gii`kg Iclcqu` uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k` lg vçlvulg I. - Mnr` lg vçlvulg I `f s`ftnkc gftnecrgrnc egstg qu` fc `dpn`i` g sglnr igrourgft` y gmug k` icfk`fsginùf. - Qrcsnmg lg cp`rginùf egstg qu` fc sglmg igrourgft` lndpnc k`l ltrc O. - In`rr` lg vçlvulg I mnrçfkclg `f s`ftnkc ecrgrnc.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC
@ Yustntuinùf bltrc s`pgrgkcr
-
-
O
In`rr` lg vçlvulg k` glnd`ftginùf igrourgft`. K`sicf`it` `l s`fscr k` fnv`l k`l gmug K. Gorg lg vçlvulg I y k`sigrmu` `l ltrc. @xtrgnmg `l ltrc O k` lg ogs` k`l ltrc @. Lndpn` icf iunkgkc lgs sup`rin`s nft`rfgs k` lg ogs` k`l ltrc @.
Luornqu` icf iunkgkc lg mugrfninùf k` lg ogs` @ y lu`mc gprn`t` `l fu`vc ltrc O scor` lg ogs` y vu`lvg g icf`itgr `l s`fscr K.
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
K
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?52/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >1 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Yustntuinùf igrtuiec bltrc igrourgft`
- Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. - Gii`kg gl ltrc igrourgf igrourgft` t` O. -
-
G
Iclcqu` r`inpn`ft` pcr k`oghc pgrg r`icm`r `v`ftugl`sufpîrknkgs k` igrourgft`. In`rr` lg vçlvulg k` glnd`ftginùf igrourgft`. Gch` gft`s `l igrtuiec O d`kngft` uf `xtrgitcr, k`spuîs quät`lc icdpl`tgd`ft`. Lndpn` icf iunkgkc lg sup`rin` glr`k`kcr k` lg igo`zg k`l mrupc ltrgft` icdprcogfkc qu` fc egy
trgzgs k`l r`tîf k`l vn`hc igrtuiec. Luornqu` icf igrourgft` lndpnc `l r`tîf k`l fu`vc igrtuiec. _`ll`f` `l fu`vc igrtuiec O icf igrourgft` lndpnc gft`s k` vclv`r g iclcigrlc y gpr`tgrlc dgfugld`ft` egstg qu` `l r`tîf s` gpcy` scor` lg igo`zg. Kî ctrg d`kng vu`ltg icf `l `xtrgitcr. G lg prnd`rg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr, icftrcl` qu` fc egygf pîrknkgs k` igrourgft`.
O
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?5=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >7 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Qurmg k` gnr` k`l snst`dg k` glnd`ftginùf NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` lg purmg dgfugl `f lcs snmun`ft`s igscs8 - Fc s` egyg ll`fgkc k` igrourgft` igrourgft` `l ltrc gft`s k` k` su nfstglginùf. - Yustntuinùf k` lg ocdog ocdog k` nfy`iinùf. nfy`iinùf. - Gchgdn`ftc k` lcs rgicr`s k` lcs tuocs k` glnd`ftginùf igrourgft` k` gltg pr`snùf. - Qrnd`rg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr c pu`stg `f dgrieg k`spuîs k` uf lgrmc p`rnckc k` nfgitnvnkgk. - Rgingkc icdpl`tc k`l igrourgft` icft`fnkc `f `l k`pùsntc k` lg dçqunfg.
G
Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc purmgr `l gnr` k` lg nfstglginùf k` glnd`ftginùf, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s gkv`rt`fings8
-- Gii`kg Gorg `l igpù k`igrourgf nfsp`iinùf gl ltrc igrourgft` t` OG. . - Iclcqu` uf r`inpn`ft` pcr k`oghc pgrg r`icm`r `v`ftugl`s pîrknkgs k` igrourgft`. -
-
O
Gch` lg vçlvulg k` purmg iclcigkg scor` `l ltrc
s`pgrgkcr I. @dpn`i` g pr`sncfgr y k`hgr lg ocdontg dgfugl K egstg qu` k`l tcrfnllc k` purmg fc `dpn`i` g sglnr igrourgft` snf ourouhgs k` gnr`. Gprn`t` lg vçlvulg k` purmg. Qrci`kg icf lg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr.
K IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?55/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
YNY[@DG K@ GYQN_GINÙF K@L GN_@ Icftrcl k`smgst` tuocs k` mcdg -
Icdpru`o` lg `stgfqu`nkgk k` k` lcs gspnrginùf tuocs y k`y lcs ickcs k` mcdg k` lg nfstglginùf k` ltrginùf k`l gnr`.
-
Icdpru`o` lg `stgfqu`nkgk k` lcs tuocs k` nkg y vu`ltg. Icftrcl` qu` tckgs lgs gorgzgk`rgs `stîf on`f gpr`tgkgs. @f igsc k` pîrknkgs k` lg nfstglginùf, prci`kg icf lg nfd`kngtg sustntuinùf k` lcs `l`d`ftcs kg÷gkcs.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
Lndpn`zg pr`ltrc y vçlvulgs k` k`sigrmg pclvc ltrc k` gnr`
-
--
-
Gii`kg gl pgf`l k` nfsp`iinùf G, gch` tckcs lcs pcdcs k` in`rr` y k`sdcft` k` sdcft` `l pgf`l sup`rncr. Gch` lcs tcrfnllcs k`l scpcrt` O y k`sdcft` `l scpcrt`. @xtrgnmg `l pr`ltrc I y sùpl`lc icf gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr). Wunt` k` mcdg gdogs K. Ycpl` lgs icfvçlvulgs gnr` icdprndnkc vçlvulgs K gft`s k` vclv`rlgs g iclcigr. Dcft` k` fu`vc `l pr`ltrc I. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l scpcrt` O.
G G[@FINÙF @l bufincfgdn`ftc icrr`itc k`l pr`ltrc k`p`fk` k` lg iclciginùf icrr`itg k` lg vçlvulg k` k`sigrmg. @s duy ndpcrtgft` qu` îstg `stî dcftgkg icrr`itgd`ft` y qu` fc `stî costrunkg.
O
I K
IGKG 711 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?5>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >9 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k`l gnr`
-
Gii`kg gl pgf`l k` nfsp`iinùf G, gch` tckcs lcs pcdcs k` in`rr` y k`sdcft` `l pgf`l sup`rncr.
-
Wunt` lgs gorgzgk`rgs k` scpcrt` k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` gchgfkc lcs r`lgtnvcs tcrfnllcs.
-
@xtrgnmg `l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` O. Lndpn` lg s`k` k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` O. Iclcqu` uf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` O fu`vc.
-
Ru`lvg g iclcigr lgs gorgzgk`rgs k` scpcrt`.
G[@FINÙF @l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` costrunkc costrunkc s` k`o` sustntunr. Fc nft`ft` lndpngr c lgvgr `l igrtuiec pgrg utnlnzgrlc k` fu`vc.
G
G[@FINÙF Ndpnkg lg p`f`trginùf k` iu`rpcs `xtrg÷cs `f `l icl`itcr k` gspnrginùf kurgft` lg sustntuinùf k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft`. Ptnlni` ufg tgpgk`rg rämnkg gk`iugkg. G[@FINÙF Lg s`÷glnzginùf k` lg luz k` gvnsc I nfknig lg costruiinùf k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft`. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf lg sustntuinùf. @f icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl fc `sp`r` lg s`÷glnzginùf pgrg `b`itugr lgs nft`rv`fincf`s y r`sp`t` lcs plgzcs s`÷glgkcs goghc.
IGKG ?111 EC_GY @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF K@ LPO_NIGINÙF Icftrcl fnv`l k` gi`nt` G[@FINÙF @l `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc I nfknig ufg icfkninùf k` fnv`l nfsuin`ft`. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l icftrcl y, sn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, `l r`ll`fc. @f icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl fc `sp`r` lg s`÷glnzginùf pgrg `b`itugr lgs nft`rv`fincf`s y r`sp`t` lcs plgzcs s`÷glgkcs goghc.
-
Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf brcftgl G `f `l lgkc nzqun`rkc k` lg dçqunfg. @xtrgnmg lg vgrnllg k` fnv`l O. Lndpn` lg vgrnllg O y iclùqu`lg k` fu`vc `f su s`k`. @xtrgnmg k` fu`vc lg vgrnllg y icdpru`o` qu` `l fnv`l k` gi`nt` fc s`g nfb`rncr g lg dgrig Lcw (däf.) c sup`rncr g lg dgrig Enme (dçx.).
-
Qrcv`g, sn `s f`i`sgrnc, gl r`ll`fc.
-
G[@FINÙF Fc sup`r` fufig lg dgrig k` dçxndc fnv`l k` lg vgrnllg. Pfg igsugl nfd`rsnùf k`l `h` k`l dctcr `f `l gi`nt` k` luorniginùf pckräg prcvcigr uf gud`ftc k` lg t`dp`rgturg k`l dnsdc gi`nt` knsdnfuy`fkc fctgol`d`ft` su pck`r luornigft`.
G
O
NDQC_[GF[@ @l icftrcl k`l fnv`l s` `b`itøg icf dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc, icf `l gi`nt` igln`ft`, k`spuîs k` ufcs ?1 dnfutcs k` lg pgrgkg k`l dctcr. dctcr.
IGKG 71 EC_GY @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >0 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` Q@LNM_C Fc k`h` fufig bufincfgr `l dctcr `f uf `spginc i`rrgkc snf gnr`ginùf. ¡Lcs mgs`s k` `sigp` scf fcinvcs! -
Gii`kg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr y gorg `l pgf`l k` nfsp`iinùf G. K`s`frcsqu` `l tgpùf k` r`ll`fc O.
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G÷gkg gi`nt` `f igftnkgk øtnl pcr `l crninc k`l
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tgpùf. Ru`lvg g `frcsigr `l tgpùf O. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr gl däfndc pcr ufcs 9 dnfutcs. Qgr` `l dctcr y `sp`r` ufcs 70-?1 dnfutcs pgrg icfs`ftnr qu` `l gi`nt` vgyg k` fu`vc gl içrt`r k`l dctcr. Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l.
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_`pntg cp`rginùf sn `l fnv`l fc `s icrr`itc vu`lvg lg g iclcigr `l pgf`l k` nfsp`iinùf G. y lu`mc
-
G
O
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >2 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` Q@LNM_C Fc k`h` fufig bufincfgr `l dctcr `f uf `spginc i`rrgkc snf gnr`ginùf. ¡Lcs mgs`s k` `sigp` scf fcinvcs! -
Iclùqu`s` k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg `f icrr`spcfk`fing k`l dctcr. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk k`oghc k`l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg G. Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr egstg qu` lg t`dp`rgturg k`l gmug fc egyg gligfzgkc 21±I, k`spuîs pçr`lc. K`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` `l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg G. Egmg sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l gi`nt` k`spuîs k` ego`r quntgkc `l tgpùf O pgrg bginlntgr lg cp`rginùf.
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Yustntuyg `l igrtuiec k`l ltrc k` gi`nt`.
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Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr `l tgpùf G. Gii`kg gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf sup`rncr ` nftrckuzig gi`nt` fu`vc `f igftnkgk øtnl pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf O.
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Icftrcl` `l fnv`l. @v`ftugld`ft` r`stgol`zig `l fnv`l gft`s k` vclv`r g iclcigr `l tgpùf O. Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr gl däfndc pgrg icdprcogr pcsnol`s pîrknkgs `f icrr`spcfk`fing k`l ltrc y k`l
tgpùf k` k`sigrmg G.
NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` lg k`sigrmg k`l gi`nt` iugfkc `stç igln`ft` y lgs sustgfings icftgdnfgft`s `stçf `f susp`fsnùf.
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>9/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Yustntuinùf igrtuiec ltrc k` gi`nt`
-
Gorg `l pgf`l trgs`rc nzqun`rkc G. Iclcqu` uf r`inpn`ft` pgrg r`icm`r `v`ftugl`s
-
pîrknkgs k` gi`nt` luornigft`. Gch` gft`s `l igrtuiec O d`kngft` uf `xtrgitcr, k`spuîs quät`lc icdpl`tgd`ft`.
-
-
G
Lndpn` icf iunkgkc lg sup`rin` glr`k`kcr k` lg igo`zg I k`l mrupc ltrgft` icdprcogfkc qu` fc
egyg trgzgs k`l r`tîf k`l vn`hc igrtuiec O. Luornqu` icf gi`nt` luornigft` lndpnc `l r`tîf k`l fu`vc igrtuiec O. _`ll`f` `l fu`vc igrtuiec O icf gi`nt` lndpnc gft`s k` iclcigrlc y gpr`tgrlc dgfugld`ft` egstg qu` su r`tîf s` gpcy` scor` lg igo`zg I. Kî ctrg d`kng vu`ltg icf `l `xtrgitcr. G lg prnd`rg pu`stg `f dgrieg k`l dctcr, icftrcl` qu` fc egygf pîrknkgs k` gi`nt` luornigft`.
I
O K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >5 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF K@ @FB_NGDN@F[C Icftrcl fnv`l d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc Q@LNM_C Fc qunt` `l tgpùf k`l rgkngkcr icf `l dctcr igln`ft`: `sp`r` qu` lg t`dp`rgturg ogh` pcr k`oghc k` 01±I. @f igsc icftrgrnc, lg t`dp`rgturg `l`vgkg k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` vgpcrnzgkg c k`l vgpcr pckräg igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. Wunt` `l tgpùf l`ftgd`ft` pgrg `lndnfgr mrgkugld`ft` lg pr`snùf k` lg nfstglginùf.
O
Gft`s k` `dp`zgr `l trgoghc, icf d`zilg icf t`dp`rgturg fc sup`rncr g 01± I, icftrcl` `l fnv`l k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft`. -
Gpgmu` `l dctcr. Gorg `l pgf`l icf onsgmrgs sup`rncr G.
-
K`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` mrgkugld`ft` lg pr`snùf. `l tgpùf O pgrg `lndnfgr Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l k` lg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc g trgvîs k`l tgpùf O y, sn r`sultg `sigsc, prci`kg icf `l r`ll`fc.
G[@FINÙF @l `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc I c lg s`÷glnzginùf k`l t`rdùd`trc K nfknig uf scor`igl`ftgdn`ftc k` lg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l icftrcl, uf `v`ftugl r`ll`fc k`l fnv`l y lg lndpn`zg `xt`rncr k`l rgkngkcr. rgkngkcr. @f icfknincf`s icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl, r`sp`t` `l plgzc nfknigkc goghc.
IGKG 71 EC_GY
G
K I
@FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>0/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG >> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` quntgr `l tgpùf k`l rgkngkcr `sp`r` qu` lg t`dp`rgturg k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` ogh` pcr k`oghc k` 01¸I. @f igsc icftrgrnc, lg t`dp`rgturg `l`vgkg k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` vgpcrnzgkg c k`l vgpcr pckräg igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. Q@LNM_C Fc k`h` fufig bufincfgr `l dctcr `f uf `spginc i`rrgkc snf gnr`ginùf. ¡Lcs mgs`s k` `sigp` scf fcinvcs! -
-
@f uf icft`f`kcr k` igpginkgk gk`iugkg pr`pgr` lg d`zilg k` gmug y k` gftnicfm`lgft` `f bufinùf k` lg t`dp`rgturg `f lg iugl lg dçqunfg k`o`rç trgoghgr: `vnt` d`zilgr lcs `l`d`ftcs knr`itgd`ft` `f lg nfstglginùf pcrqu` lg igpginkgk k` sustrgiinùf k` iglcr k`l dctcr k`l gftnicfm`lgft` `s nfb`rncr g lg k`l gmug, pcr `stc lg nftrckuiinùf k`l gftnicfm`lgft` `f `l dctcr `f prnd`r lumgr pckräg bgvcr`i`r `l r`igl`ftgdn`ftc gft`s qu` lcs läqunkcs `stîf p`rb`itgd`ft` d`zilgkcs. Icf `l dctcr gpgmgkc nftrckuzig lg d`zilg pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf.
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Gprn`t` `l tgpùf k` pr`snùf O. Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr egstg qu` fc gligfi` lg t`dp`rgturg k` 51±I y icftrcl` qu` fc egygf pîrknkgs k` d`zilg. Qgr` `l dctcr y `sp`r` egstg qu` lg t`dp`rgturg egyg oghgkc pcr k`oghc k` 01±I. Icftrcl` k` fu`vc `l fnv`l k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` pgrg gs`murgrs` qu` `l fnv`l k` lg nfstglginùf s`g icrr`itc.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>2/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 711 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
K`sigrmg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` quntgr `l tgpùf k`l rgkngkcr `sp`r` qu` lg t`dp`rgturg k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` ogh` pcr k`oghc k` 01¸I. @f igsc icftrgrnc, lg t`dp`rgturg `l`vgkg k` lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` vgpcrnzgkg c k`l vgpcr pckräg igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. -
-
O
Iclùqu`s` k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg, `f icrr`spcfk`fing k`l rgkngkcr. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk k`oghc k`l tuoc k` k`sigrmg. Icdpru`o` qu` lg t`dp`rgturg k` lg d`zilg `stî nfb`rncr g 01±I: `f igsc icftrgrnc, `sp`r` egstg qu` lg t`dp`rgturg ogh`. Gorg `l pgf`l icf onsgmrgs sup`rncr y k`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` `l tgpùf O pgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k` lg d`zilg. Icftrcl` qu`k`lcslgmrnbcs k` lg icdpl`tgd`ft` nfstglginùf k` I-K`stîf igl`bgiinùf igonfg gon`rtcs. Rgyg k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg y gorg lg vçlvulg k` k`sigrmg. K`h` sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`zilg `f `l icft`f`kcr. Qrci`kg icf `l lgvgkc c `l r`ll`fc k` lg nfstglginùf.
I
IGKG ?111 EC_GY
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 717 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Lgvgkc nfstglginùf k` `fbrngdn`ftc K`spuîs k` lg k`sigrmg k` lg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc `s cpcrtufc lgvgr lg nfstglginùf. -
Icdpru`o` qu` s` eg quntgkc `l tgpùf G.
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_`ll`f` lg nfstglgin nfstglginùf ùf pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf icf
ufg d`zilg k` gmug y onigrocfgtc k` scknc (c icf uf prckuitc `qunvgl`ft` knspcfnol` `f icd`rinc).
NDQC_[GF[@ Ps` 1,0 jm k` onigrocfgtc k` scknc pcr ?9 lntrcs k` gmug. Qgrg icfs`ftnr `l lgvgkc k` lg nfstglginùf pcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr snf `l tgpùf G. -
Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr pcr 0 dnfutcs icf lg d`zilg r`brnm`rgft` g ufg t`dp`rgturg sup`rncr g 51±I.
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_`ll`f` pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùfl`ftgd`ft` k` ourouhgslgk`nfstglginùf gnr`. @sp`r` ?-9 dnfutcs pgrg icfs`ftnr lg `lndnfginùf k`l gnr`, k`spuîs g÷gkg lg d`zilg egstg `l fnv`l dçxndc. Qgr` `l dctcr y vgiä` lg nfstglginùf. _`ll`f` lg nfstglginùf k` `fbrngdn`ftc icf lg d`zilg nfknigkg gft`rncrd`ft`. Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr pcr 0 dnfutcs icf lg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc g ufg t`dp`rgturg sup`rncr g 51¸I. Qgr` `l dctcr y k`sigrmu` lg nfstglginùf. Yn `l gmug k`sigrmgkg `stç tckgväg suing, r`pntg `l lgvgkc k` lg nfstglginùf egstg qu` sglmg gmug lndpng. Qrci`kg icf `l r`ll`fc k` lg nfstglginùf.
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IGKG ?111 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 71? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_`ll`fc nfstglginùf k` `fbrngdn`ftc -
-
@f uf icft`f`kcr k` igpginkgk gk`iugkg pr`pgr` lg d`zilg k` gmug y k` gftnicfm`lgft` `f bufinùf k` lg t`dp`rgturg `f lg iugl lg dçqunfg k`o`rç trgoghgr.
_`ll`f` l`ftgd`ft` lg nfstglgin nfstglginùf ùf pcr `l crninc k`l
tgpùf G pgrg `vntgr lg bcrdginùf k` ourouhgs k` gnr`. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y gpr`tgr `l tgpùf G. Egmg mnrgr `l dctcr egstg gligfzgr ufg t`dp`rgturg k` 51±I gprcx. y icftrcl` qu` fc egygf pîrknkgs k` d`zilg. Icdpru`o` qu` `l fnv`l k` lg d`zilg `f `l k`pùsntc s`g ùptndc c g÷gkg ctrg d`zilg.
IGKG ?111 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
?>>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 719 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Icftrcl y lndpn`zg rgkngkcr -
Gii`kg gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf `f `l lgkc trgs`rc k`r`iec k` lg dçqunfg.
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Icftrcl` lgs gl`tgs k`l rgkngkcr G pgrg icdprcogr lg giudulginùf k` k`trntcs. Yn `s f`i`sgrnc, pr`pgr` ufg lgfzg pgrg lg lndpn`zg icf gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx ? ogr) c icf gmug oghc pr`snùf c vgpcr. Yn `s f`i`sgrnc, k`sdcft` `l icfk`fsgkcr O k`l ilndgtnzgkcr.
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O G
Lndpn`zg icf gnr` icdprndnkc
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Ycpl` `l rgkngkcr G icf gnr` icdprndnkc t`fn`fkc iunkgkc k` fc kg÷gr lgs gl`tgs k` `fbrngdn`ftc. @lndnf` icf gmug lg suin`kgk qu` s` eg s`pgrgkc.
Lndpn`zg icf gmug oghc pr`snùf c vgpcr
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Rgpcrni` `l rgkngkcr G bräc icf uf k`t`rsnvc y `sp`r` ufcs 71 dnfutcs egstg qu` `l k`t`rm`ft` `dpn`i` su giinùf. Lgv` `l rgkngkcr G icf gmug c vgpcr oghc pr`snùf.
G[@FINÙF @l `fsuingdn`ftc k` lg dgsg rgkngft` k`p`fk` k`l gdon`ft` `xt`rncr pclvcrn`ftc y k` lg pr`s`fing k` giudulgincf`s k` gi`nt` y icdoustnol` `f lg zcfg k`l dctcr. Y` r`icdn`fkg pcr lc tgftc, `f pr`s`fing k` gdon`ft`s duy pclvcrn`ftcs, k` `lndnfgr `f lc pcsnol` tckgs lgs `v`ftugl`s giudulgincf`s k` gi`nt` y k` icdoustnol`. G[@FINÙF @l `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc I c lg s`÷glnzginùf k`l t`rdùd`trc K nfknig uf scor`igl`ftgdn`ftc k` lg d`zilg k` `fbrngdn`ftc. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l icftrcl, uf `v`ftugl r`ll`fc k`l fnv`l y lg lndpn`zg `xt`rncr k`l rgkngkcr. rgkngkcr. @f icfknincf`s icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl, r`sp`t` `l plgzc nfknigkc goghc.
K I
IGKG 01 EC_GY @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
911/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 71; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG DC[C_ Icftrcl y r`mulginùf t`fsnùf icrr`g glt`rfgkcr @l glt`rfgkcr k`l dctcr fc f`i`sntg icftrcl`s pgrg icdprcogr lg t`fsnùf k` lg icrr`g pu`s qu` `stç kctgkc k` uf t`fscr gutcdçtnic G.
G
Yustntuinùf icrr`g glt`rfgkcr Q@LNM_C Fc nft`ft` fufig icftrclgr c r`mulgr lg icrr`g icf `l dctcr `fi`fknkc. Fc d`tg lgs dgfcs c lg igo`zg i`rig k` lgs icrr`gs c k`l v`ftnlgkcr. -
-
O
Gorg `l igpù O `f lg pgrt` trgs`rg nzqun`rkg k` lg dçqunfg Gii`kg gl glt`rfgkcr I. Gch` `l knspcsntnvc k` t`fsnùf gutcdçtnic G pgrg `xtrg`r lg icrr`g mgstgkg. Iclcqu` ufg icrr`g fu`vg K.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
917/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 710 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF @LÎI[_NIG OG[@_ÄGY Icftrcl inriuntc k` r`igrmg @l `fi`fknkc k`l nicfc G scor` `l knsplgy k`l snst`dg k` icftrcl s`÷glg lg `xnst`fing k` ufc c dçs nficfv`fn`ft`s `f `l inriuntc k` r`igrmg fcrdgld`ft` k`onkcs g prcol`dgs k` lgs ogt`rägs O y/c k`l glt`rfgkcr I. Pf icftrcl y uf dgft`fndn`ftc snst`dçtnic k` `stcs icdpcf`ft`s icftrnouy`f g r`kuinr icfsnk`rgol`d`ft` `st` tnpc k` gfcdglägs.
G
O - Ogt`rägs -
Lndpn`zg y suh`inùf k` ocrf`s y icf`xncf`s Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc k`l fnv`l k`l `l`itrclntc Icftrcl icfkninùf k` igrmg
I - Glt`rfgkcr - Icftrcl y r`mulginùf t`fsnùf k` lgs icrr`gs - Icftrcl y suh`inùf k` t`rdnfgl`s y icf`xncf`s.
O
O
IGKG 011 EC_GY @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
91?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 712 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Gpr`tgdn`ftc y lndpn`zg ocrf`s -
Gii`kg gl igpù G `f `l lgkc k`r`iec k` lg dçqunfg.
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Icdpru`o` qu` lcs ocrf`s O `stîf on`f gpr`tgkcs y fc pr`s`ft`f s`÷gl`s k` icrrcsnùf. @f pr`s`fing k` s`÷gl`s k` icrrcsnùf, lndpn` lgs kcs ogt`rägs. K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs iclcigfkc `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl I `f lg pcsninùf “1—. K`sicf`it` tckcs lcs ocrf`s O. Wunt` lgs ogt`rägs k` su s`k` y pùfmglgs scor` uf ogfic. Lndpn` lgs ighgs `xt`rfgs, lcs `l`itrckcs y lcs t`rdnfgl`s O icf ufg scluinùf k` onigrocfgtc sùknic `f gmug. Y`qu` y uft` lcs `l`itrckcs y lcs ocrf`s O icf vgs`lnfg pgrg ndp`knr lg bcrdginùf k` k`pùsntcs icrrcsnvcs. Ru`lvg g iclcigr lgs ogt`rägs `f su s`k`. Ru`lvg g icf`itgr lcs ocrf`s O g lcs `l`itrckcs r`sp`itnvcs r`sp`tgfkc tgxgtnvgd`ft` lg pclgrnkgk. _`stgol`zig lgs bufincf`s `lîitrnigs d`kngft` `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl I.
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G
O
O
G[@FINÙF Rclvn`fkc g icf`itgr lcs igol`s, icdpru`o` lg pclgrnkgk icrr`itg `ftr` `l ocrf` y `l `l`itrckc `l`itrckc k` lg ogt`räg. Fc icrtcinriunt` lcs ocrf`s `ftr` `llcs. `l lcs. G[@FINÙF Fc k`sicf`it` fufig `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl icf `l dctcr `f dgrieg. @stc pckräg igusgr kg÷cs mrgv`s gl dctcr.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
919/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 71= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l `l`itrclntc -
Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. Wunt` `l tgpùf O k` igkg `l`d`ftc y, sn `stçf
-
pr`s`ft`s lcs nfs`rtcs `sp`ingl`s k` icftrcl I, gs`mør`s` k` qu` `l fnv`l k`l `l`itrclntc ll`mu` g tcigr `l bcfkc. Yn fc egy nfs`rtcs `sp`ingl`s I, icftrcl` qu` `l fnv`l k`l `l`itrclntc `stî gl d`fcs 71/70 dd grrnog k`l grnstg sup`rncr k` lgs plgigs. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc, g÷gkg gmug k`stnlgkg `f igftnkgk
-
G
øtnl utnlnzgfkc uf kcsnigkcr.
-
Gprn`t` g bcfkc lcs tgpcf`s O.
NDQC_[GF[@ Icdpru`o` sn`dpr` qu` lcs tgpcf`s k` purmg `stîf ` stîf icrr`itgd`ft` iclcigkcs y gpr`tgkcs. Lgs ogt`rägs k` oghc dgft`fndn`ftc fc f`i`sntgf k` lg dnsdg gsnst`fing k` lgs icfv`fincfgl`s.
O I
IGKG 711 EC_GY
(OG[@_ÄGY ICFR@FINCFGL@Y)
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
(OG[@_ÄGY K@ OGHC DGF[@FNDN@F[C)
Icftrcl k`fsnkgk `l`itrclntc (icfkninùf k` igrmg) -
Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. Wunt` `l tgpùf O y `l nfs`rtc I (sn `stç pr`s`ft`) k` igkg `l`d`ftc. Nftrckuzig uf k`fsäd`trc K `f `l nft`rncr k` igkg `l`d`ftc. Icdpgr` lcs vglcr`s d`knkcs icf lcs k` lg tgolg snmun`ft`. Icf vglcr`s i`rigfcs k` lg icfkninùf icfkninùf k` “K@YIG_MG—, prci`kg lc gft`s pcsnol` g r`stgol`i`r `l fnv`l k`l `l`itrclntc y/c g r`igrmgr lgs ogt`rägs icf uf igrmgkcr k` ogt`rägs.
K`fsnkgk Fcrdgl [rcpnigl
@stgkc k` igrmg
O K
I
7.?5 7.?1
7.?9 7.7?
7.7?
7.15
Igrmg icrr`itg Igrmg gl 01% Ogt`räg k`sigrmgkg
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
91;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 715 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf ogt`rägs -
-
Gorg `l igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. K`sicf`it` lgs ogt`rägs O d`kngft` `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl I.
Gch` y k`sicf`it` tckcs lcs ocrf`s K g pgrtnr k`l f`mgtnvc snmun`fkc icf `l pcsntnvc y gl fgl icf `l
G
icf`itgkc gl nft`rruptcr k` ogt`rägs. @xtrgnmg lgs ogt`rägs O gmctgkgs k` su s`k` y pùfmglgs `f uf icft`f`kcr `sp`iäic pgrg `l
-
-
gldgi`fgdn`ftc t`dpcrgl. Iclcqu` uf pgr k` ogt`rägs O fu`vgs `f su s`k`. Ru`lvg g icf`itgr lcs ocrf`s K g lcs `l`itrckcs r`sp`itnvcs snmun`fkc lg s`iu`fing nfv`rsg g lg k` k`sdcftgh` y r`sp`tgfkc tgxgtnvgd`ft` lg pclgrnkgk. Gprn`t` lcs ocrf`s K. _`stgol`zig lgs bufincf`s `lîitrnigs d`kngft` `l nft`rruptcr m`f`rgl I.
O
K
K
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
910/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 71> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
NFY[GLGINÙF ENK_ÇPLNIG K@QÙYN[C GI@N[@ ENK_ÇPLNIC Icftrcl fnv`l k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic Kngrngd`ft` gl nfninc k`l trgoghc, icdpru`o` `l fnv`l k`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic. Lg pcsninùf O k`l nfknigkcr G nfknig lg icfkninùf k` fnv`l dçxndc, lg pcsninùf I nfknig lg icfkninùf k` fnv`l däfndc.
G[@FINÙF @l `v`ftugl `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc gv nsc K nfknig uf fnv`l nfsuin`ft` k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l icftrcl y uf `v`ftugl r`ll`fc. @f icfknincf`s icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl r`sp`t` `l plgzc nfknigkc goghc snf `sp`rgr `l `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc. NDQC_[GF[@ @b`itø` `l icftrcl k`l fnv`l icf lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc y `l gi`nt` g t`dp`rgturg gdon`ft`.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
O G I
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
912/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 771 71
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
_`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` pcr `l`itrcocdog Yn`dpr` qu` k`spuîs k`l icftrcl k`l fnv`l s` `vnk`fin` ufg nfsuin`fing k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic c egyg lg
f`i`snkgk k` g÷gknr icdpl`tgd`ft` gi`nt` k`spuîs k` su sustntuinùf, `s f`i`sgrnc prcv``r gl r`ll`fc d`kngft`
G
lg `l`itrcocdog `f kctginùf8
-
-
Gii`kg gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. @xtrgnmg `l tuoc `xnol` O k` su s`k`. Iclcqu` lg `xtr`dnkgk k` gspnrginùf `f uf icft`f`kcr pr`pgrgkc gft`rncrd`ft`. Gprn`t` `l octùf I y dgftîfmglc gpr`tgkc egstg gligfzgr `l fnv`l icrr`itc. Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l tuoc O `f su s`k` k` dgf`rg qu` pu`kg mct`gr `f `l `sp`ingl tuoc k` mcdg k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
91=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77 77
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Lndpn`zg ltrc tuoc `l`itrcocdog
Lg nfstglginùf k` gogst`indn`ftc k`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic gplnigkg g lg dçqunfg `stç kctgkg k` uf ltrc G iclcigkc `f lg `xtr`dnkgk k`l tuoc k` glnd`ftginùf k` lg `l`itrcocdog. @st` ltrc `vntg lg p`f`trginùf k`
ndpur`zgs `f `l k`pùsntc. @l ltrc G k`o` s`r lndpngkc p`rnùknigd`ft` pgrg dgft`f`r su bufinùf nfglt`rgkg. Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s8 -
-
K`s`frcsqu` `l ltrc G k`l icllgr rcsigkc O. Qcfmg `l ltrc G `f uf r`inpn`ft` icf uf k`t`rm`ft`
icdøf y lçv`lc iunkgkcsgd`ft`. Ycpl` y s`qu` `l ltrc G icf uf iecrrc k` gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr). Icdpru`o` `l mrgkc k` lndpn`zg gi`rigfkc ufg bu`ft` k` luz k`trçs k`l ltrc G. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l ltrc G `f `l icllgr rcsigkc O.
Q@LNM_C Fc us` fufig mgsclnfg, sclv`ft`s u ctrcs unkcs nfgdgol`s pgrg lg lndpn`zg k` pgrtniulgr`s. Ptnlni` knsclv`ft`s icd`ringl`s ecdclcmgkcs fc nfgdgol`s y gtùxnics.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
G O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
915/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77? 7?
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL _`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` pcr `l ltrc Yn`dpr` qu` s` `vnk`fin` ufg nfsuin`fing k` gi`nt`
enkrçulnic k`spuîs k`l icftrcl k`l fnv`l c qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc g÷gknr gi`nt` k`spuîs k` su sustntuinùf, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfstruiincf`s. -
G
Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr k` lg tcrr`tg y k`sdcft` `l pgf`l G. K`sicf`it` `l s`fscr O. K`s`frcsqu` lg tgpg I icdc s` nfknig `f lg murg. Nftrckuzig gi`nt` enkrçulnic `f igftnkgk øtnl knr`itgd`ft` pcr `l iu`rpc k`l ltrc K. Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l gligfzgkc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y gpr`tgr egstg `l bcfkc lg tgpg k`l ltrc I. Ru`lvg g icf`itgr `l s`fscr O y dcft` k` fu`vc `l pgf`l k` prct`iinùf G.
NDQC_[GF[@ @l r`stgol`indn`ftc k`l fnv`l k`o` s`r `b`itugkc icf lg dçqunfg `f icfmurginùf k` trgoghc scor` uf t`rr`fc llgfc. [rgogh` icf lg dçxndg lndpn`zg, `vntgfkc qu` suin`kgk ` ndpur`zgs s` nftrckuzigf `f `l k`pùsntc.
O
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
I K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
91>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 779 79
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` enkrçulnic -
Iclùqu`s` k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg i`rig k`l k`pùsntc k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk k`oghc k` lcs tgpcf`s I. Icftrcl` qu` lgs pglgfigs O `stîf `f lg pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Wunt` lcs tgpcf`s I. Iclcqu` lgs pglgfigs O `f lg pcsninùf k` “GON@_[C— y k`h` sglnr `l gi`nt` `f `l r`inpn`ft`. Ll`v` lgs pglgfigs O g lg pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Iclcqu` k` fu`vc lcs tgpcf`s I.
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 011 EC_GY IGKG ?111 EC_GY
K`sigrmg s`knd`ftcs k` icfk`fsginùf -
Iclùqu`s` k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg i`rig k`l k`pùsntc k` gi`nt` enkrçulnic. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k` igpginkgk k`oghc k` lcs tgpcf`s I. Icftrcl` qu` lgs pglgfigs O `stîf `f lg pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Wunt` lcs tgpcf`s I. Iclcqu` lgs pglgfigs O `f lg pcsninùf k` “GON@_[C— y k`h` sglnr `l gi`nt` `f `l r`inpn`ft` egstg qu`
O
I
I O
-
cot`fmg uf iclcr ufnbcrd`, snf gmug fn r`snkucs. Ll`v` lgs pglgfigs O g lg pcsninùf k` “I@__GKC—. Iclcqu` k` fu`vc lcs tgpcf`s I.
IGKG 71 EC_GY GL NFNINC K@L [_GOGHC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
971/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77; 7;
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL Yustntuinùf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` ltrc k` gi`nt`
-
Yuog g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr k` lg tcrr`tg y k`sdcft` `l igpù G. K`sdcft` `l s`fscr O. K`s`frcsqu` lg tgpg K k`l ltrc I icdc s` nfknig `f
G
lg murg. @xtrgnmg `l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` `ftupnkc k`l nft`rncr k`l iu`rpc k`l ltrc. Lndpn` iunkgkcsgd`ft` `l iu`rpc k`l ltrc I nft`rfc
y `xt`rfgd`ft`. -
Iclcqu` uf `l`d`ftc ltrgft` fu`vc.
-
Ru`lvg g iclcigr lg tgpg I, icf`it` k` fu`vc `l s`fscr O y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l igpù G.
G[@FINÙF @l `l`d`ftc ltrgft` costrunkc costrunkc s` k`o` sustntunr. Fc nft`ft` lndpngr c lgvgr `l igrtuiec pgrg r`utnlnzgrlc. G[@FINÙF @l `v`ftugl `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc @ nfknig lg costruiinùf k`l `l`d`ftc ltrgft`. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf lg sustntuinùf. @f icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl, `b`itø` lg nft`rv`finùf s`møf `l plgzc nfknigkc goghc snf `sp`rgr `l `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc.
O K
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
K I
@FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
977/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 770 70
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf igrtuiec k` purmg gnr` -
Yuog g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr k` lg tcrr`tg y k`sdcft` `l igpù G. K`s`frcsqu` `l igrtuiec O utnlnzgfkc uf `xtrgitcr. Lndpn` iunkgkcsgd`ft` `l rgicr k`l igrtuiec nft`rfc y `xt`rfgd`ft`. Iclcqu` uf igrtuiec O fu`vc y gprnît`lc dgfugld`ft`, lu`mc vu`lvg g iclcigr `l igpù G.
G
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
97?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 772 72
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL @Y[GFWP@NKGK _GIC_@Y ^ [POCY Q@LNM_C [`fmg lg dçqunfg icf `l dctcr `fi`fknkc sclc kurgft` lg cos`rvginùf, ll`vgfkc mgbgs icf prct`iincf`s lgt`rgl`s. Nft`rv`fmg `f `l puftc lciglnzgkc sclc icf lg dçqunfg icf `l dctcr gpgmgkc. Icftrcl` vnsugld`ft` lg pr`s`fing k` pcsnol`s pîrknkgs k` gi`nt` k` lcs rgicr`s y k` lcs tuocs `xnol`s y
rämnkcs. Nft`rv`fmg rçpnkgd`ft` sn`dpr` qu` s` pr`s`ft`f nficfv`fn`ft`s pgr`inkcs, prci`kn`fkc g lg icdprcoginùf k` qu` `stîf gpr`tgkcs `f lg dgf`rg hustg y, sn `s f`i`sgrnc, sustntuy`fkc `l pgrtniulgr gv`rngkc.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
YPY[N[PINÙF _GIC_@Y ^ [POCY BL@UNOL@Y Q@LNM_C Lg utnlnzginùf k` tuocs `xnol`s fc icfbcrd` icf lgs `sp`inigincf`s tîifnigs YCNLD@I `s gltgd`ft` p`lnmrcsc. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc. Yn`dpr` qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc sustntunr rgicr`s c tuocs kg÷gkcs, `s cpcrtufc t`f`r pr`s`ft`s glmufgs r`mlgs8
-
Gprn`t` lgs tu`rigs k` suh`inùf `f bufinùf k` lcs vglcr`s k` lcs pgr`s k` tcrsnùf. Ptnlni` sn`dpr` r`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s YCNLD@I qu` s` `fiu`ftrgf `f lgs lnstgs k` r`igdoncs k` prnd`rg nft`rv`finùf gicfs`hgkcs.
Yn l` bu`rg ndpcsnol` t`f`r `f s`munkg `l dgt`rngl, icfsult` `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I pgrg p`knr lgs `sp`inigincf`s tîifnigs r`lgtnvgs g lgs tuo`rägs
qu` k`o` sustntunr.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
979/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77= 7=
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL ^ _@MPLGINÙF Q_@YNCF@Y ENK_ÇPLNIGY K@ [_GOGHC @l icftrcl y lg pcsnol` r`mulginùf k` lg pr`snùf enkrçulnig k` lgs ocdogs k`o`f s`r `ficd`fkgkcs `xilusnvgd`ft` g p`rscfgl tîifnic `sp`inglnzgkc kctgkcs k` `qunpcs ` nfstrud`ftcs gprcpngkcs. @s pcr lc tgftc f`i`sgrnc pcf`rs` `f icftgitc icf `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftg YCNLD@I `f `l igsc `f qu` s` v`rnqu` uf prcol`dg k` `st` tnpc.
@l cp`rgkcr pu`k` sùlc icdprcogr lcs vglcr`s k` pr`snùf k` trgoghc `f lcs dgfùd`trcs knmntgl`s G pr`s`ft`s `f lg pçmnfg prnfinpgl k`l snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d.
NDQC_[GF[@ Qgrg iuglqun`r nfbcrdginùf r`lgtnvg gl snst`dg k` icftrcl Krnllnfm Dgt` Yyst`d, icfsult` `l r`lgtnvc dgfugl qu` gicdpg÷g lg dçqunfg. G[@FINÙF Fc glt`r` y fc nft`rv`fmg `f lgs tcdgs k` pr`snùf `f fnfmøf igsc. Dgftîfmglgs icfstgft`d`ft` lndpngs.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
97;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 775 75
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL ^ LNDQN@XG _GKNGKC_ GI@N[@ Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc icf vgpcr, vgpcr, pùfmgs` rcpg k` prct`iinùf. @l vgpcr igln`ft` pu`k` pu`k` igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. -
G
Gorg gl igpù k` nfsp`iinùf G. Icftrcl` lgs gl`tgs k`l rgkngkcr O pgrg icdprcogr lg pr`s`fing k` giudulginùf k` k`trntcs. Yn bu`rg f`i`sgrnc lndpngr `l rgkngkcr, pr`pgr` ufg pnstclg k` gnr` icdprndnkc (dçx. ? ogr) c ufg lgfzg k` lgvgkc g pr`snùf c g vgpcr.
Lndpn`zg icf gnr` icdprndnkc
-
Ycpl` `l gnr` icdprndnkc eging `l rgkngkcr O t`fn`fkc iunkgkc k` fc kg÷gr lgs gl`tgs k` `fbrngdn`ftc. @lndnf` icf uf iecrrc k` gmug lg suin`kgk qu` s` eg s`pgrgkc.
Lndpn`zg icf lgfzg k` lgvgkc oghc pr`snùf
-
Rgpcrni` `l rgkngkcr O icf uf k`t`rsnvc `f bräc y `sp`r` ufcs 71 dnfutcs. Lgv` `l rgkngkcr O icf gmug c vgpcr.
G[@FINÙF @l `v`ftugl `fi`fknkc k` lg luz k` gvnsc I nfknig uf scor`igl`ftgdn`ftc k`l gi`nt` enkrçulnic. Nft`rv`fmg nfd`kngtgd`ft` icf `l icftrcl y lg lndpn`zg k`l rgkngkcr. @f icfknincf`s k` bufincfgdn`ftc fcrdgl fc `sp`r` lg s`÷glnzginùf pgrg `b`itugr lgs nft`rv`fincf`s y r`sp`t` lcs plgzcs s`÷glgkcs goghc. G[@FINÙF @l `fsuingdn`ftc k` lg dgsg rgkngft` k`p`fk` k`l gdon`ft` `xt`rncr pclvcrn`ftc y k` lg pr`s`fing k` trgzgs k` gi`nt` y icdoustnol` `f lg zcfg k`l dctcr. Y` r`icdn`fkg, pcr lc tgftc, `f pr`s`fing k` gdon`ft`s duy pclvcrn`ftcs, k` `lndnfgr `f lc pcsnol` tckgs lgs `v`ftugl`s trgzgs k` gi`nt` y icdoustnol`.
O
I
IGKG 01 EC_GY @FI@FKNKC LPX K@ GRNYC GRNYC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
970/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7 D 77> 7>
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@Y Lg dçqunfg `stç prcvnstg k` uf igor`stgft` G (Q_NFINQGL) (Q_NFINQ GL) k` k`si`fsc icftrclgkc y k` uf igor`stgft` O (GPUNLNG_) k` igäkg lnor` iclcigkcs `f lg pgrt` i`ftrgl k` lg tcrr`tg: `l prnd`rc s` utnlnzg `xilusnvgd`ft` pgrg mungr lg ogrrg j`lly, `l s`mufkc pgrg cp`rgincf`s k` s`rvninc. Lg tgolg snmun`ft` nfknig lg snmlgs k` nk`ftniginùf qu`
s` utnlnzgr pgrg knstnfmunr lcs igor`stgft`s.
Igor`stgft` prnfinpgl guxnlngr G igkg
igor`stgft`
Ynmlg Y]-790 [DR?/>1-?_-97[DG `stç
gplnigkg
ufg
tgrh`tg
k` nk`ftniginùf kurgft` qu` s`rvnrç pgrg llgdgkgs r`icfci`rlc nfd`kngtgd`ft` lgs buturgs k`
Gsnst`fing [îifnig. Y` gicfs`hg pcr lc tgftc k` tcdgr fctg k` lcs fød`rcs k` r`b`r`fing `sp`iäics k` lcs igor`stgft`s pgrg gi`l`rgr
pcsnol`s p`knkcs k` _`igdoncs crnmnfgl`s YCNLD@I.
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
972/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?1 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@ Q_NFINQGL Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` -
-
Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. Iclùqu`s` `f lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr i`rig k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl G. Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k`l tgpùf k` fnv`l O gft`s k` k`s`frcsigr y quntgr `l tgpùf. Icdpru`o` sn `l gi`nt` `dpn`zg g sglnr. Yn lg sglnkg k` gi`nt` `s goufkgft`, gprn`t` `l tgpùf O. Yn lg sglnkg r`sultg `sigsg c nf`xnst`ft`, prci`kg icf `l r`ll`fc. Ru`lvg g i`rrgr `l tgpùf O snf gpr`tgrlc k`dgsngkc. Wunt` `l tgpùf k` purmg y r`ll`fc I. Nftrckuzig gi`nt` `f ufg igftnkgk øtnl pcr `l crninc K k`l tgpùf I. Icftrcl` `l fnv`l gchgfkc `l tgpùf O.
-
In`rr` tgpùf I`l. tgpùf O y vu`lvg g iclcigr y gpr`tgr `l
-
G
O IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k`l tgpùf @ k`l tuoc `xnol` k` k`sigrmg.
-
-
Wunt` `l tgpùf I pgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt`. Icftrcl` qu` `l gi`nt` `stî k`oghc k`l fnv`l k`l tgpùf O gft`s k` quntgrlc. Wunt` `l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg @, k`h` sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l gi`nt` y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf. Nftrckuzig gi`nt` `f igftnkgk øtnl pcr `l crninc K egstg qu` `dpn`i` g sglnr pcr `l crninc k`l tgpùf O. Gprn`t` `l tgpùf O y vu`lvg g iclcigr y gpr`tgr `l tgpùf I.
I
K
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY
@
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
97=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?7 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
@fmrgs` ichnf`t` scpcrt` tgdocr -
Rgyg g lg zcfg gft`rncr k` lg dçqunfg. D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f `l `fmrgsgkcr G gicplgkc gl ichnf`t` k`l scpcrt` k`l tgdocr pcr `l tuoc O.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
975/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Icftrcl y r`mulginùf pr`snùf rcknllc pr`fsgigol` -
Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. K`s`frcll` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` egstg qu` qu`k` sùlc uf `strgtc k` igol` `f `l tgdocr. Qgr` lg dçqunfg snmun`fkc `l prci`kndn`ftc `stçfkgr. Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr i`rig k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl G. Nft`rv`fmg scor` `l mrupc t`fscr O qu`, `f `stg v`rsnùf `sp`iäig, ghustg `l rcknllc k`l igor`stgft`
prnfinpgl. -
Gch` lg icftrgtu`r icftrgtu`rig ig I. Gch` lg tu`rig K.
-
@dpn`i` g gpr`tgr lg tu`rig @ egstg gligfzgr ufg pr`snùf ùptndg k`l rcknllc scor` `l igol` `f `l tgdocr. Ru`lvg g gpr`tgr lg tu`rig K y lg icftrgtu`rig I.
-
Nft`rv`fmg scor` `lpr`snùf mrupc k`l t`fscr O cpu`stc cot`f`r lg dnsdg pr`i`k`ft` qu`pgrg s` pu`k` icdprcogr icftrclgfkc lg t`fsnùf k`l r`scrt` B.
G
O I
B IGKG 011 EC_GY
K
@
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
97>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?9 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
IGO_@Y[GF[@ GPUNLNG_ Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` -
Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. K`s`frcll` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igol` k`l igor`stgft` egstg qu` s`g vnsnol` `l tgpùf O k`l tgdocr. Iclùqu`s` `f lg zcfg k` pgsc sup`rncr i`rig k`l igor`stgft` guxnlngr G. Icdpru`o` qu` `l tgpùf O `stî `f lg pcsninùf qu` s` nfknig `f lg murg.
-
Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k`l tgpùf O gft`s k` k`s`frcsigr y quntgr `l tgpùf. Icdpru`o` sn `l gi`nt` `dpn`zg g sglnr. Yn lg sglnkg k` gi`nt` `s goufkgft`, gprn`t` `l tgpùf O. Yn lg sglnkg r`sultg `sigsg c nf`xnst`ft`, prci`kg icf `l r`ll`fc utnlnzgfkc ufg h`rnfmg. Lndpn` y vu`lvg g gpr`tgr `l tgpùf O k`spuîs k`
G
ego`r icdprcogkc `l `stgkc k` su mugrfninùf.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Icdpru`o` qu` `l tgpùf O `stî `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl. Iclùqu`s` k`oghc k` lg tcrr`tg i`rig k`l igor`stgft` y pcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k`l tgpùf O. Wunt` `l tgpùf O y k`h` sglnr `l gi`nt`. Nftrckuzig gi`nt` s`møf lgs nfstruiincf`s k`l pçrrgbc gft`rncr. Lndpn` y vu`lvg g gpr`tgr `l tgpùf O k`spuîs k` ego`r icdprcogkc `l `stgkc k` su mugrfninùf.
K@F[_C K@ LGY
O
Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY IGKG 7111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
DÇY[NL @FM_GY@ IGYWPNLLCY Q@_FCY D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f lcs snmun`ft`s `fmrgsgkcr`s. - Igsqunllcs pnvct` dçstnl - Igsqunllc igogll`t` k` `l`vginùf (lgkc tcrr`tg) - Igsqunllc igogll`t` k` `l`vginùf (lgkc dçstnl) - Qlgigs grtniulginùf nfilnfginùf (nft`rfgs) - Qlgigs grtniulginùf nfilnfginùf (`xt`rfgs) - Igsqunllcs grtniulginùf `l`d`ftc sup`rncr dçstnl - Igsqunllcs grtniulginùf igo`zg - Igsqunllcs grtniulginùf `l`d`ftc nfb`rncr dçstnl - Igsqunllcs grtniulginùf pn` dçstnl - Igsqunllc pglgfig dnircnft`rruptcr
IGKG 01 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?0 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
@FM_GY@ IGYWPNLLCY INLNFK_CY D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f lcs snmun`ft`s `fmrgsgkcr`s.
G
- Igsqunllcs inlnfkrc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc (lgkc dçstnl) - Igsqunllcs inlnfkrc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc (lgkc tcrr`tg) - Igsqunllcs inlnfkrc k` nfilnfginùf (lgkc inf`dgtnsdc) - Igsqunllcs inlnfkrc k` nfilnfginùf (lgkc tcrr`tg) - Igsqunllcs vçstgmc inlnfkrc pn` dçstnl
IGKG 01 EC_GY
LNDQN@XG ^ @FM_GY@ MPÄGY K@ K@YLNXGDN@F[C Lg lndpn`zg y lg luorniginùf k` lgs muägs G k`l dçstnl `s k` ndpcrtgfing bufkgd`ftgl pgrg cot`f`r uf hustc k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng, scor`tckc `f bgs` k` suonkg. Yn`dpr` qu` `l dçstnl s` `fiu`ftr` `f ufg pcsninùf nfilnfgkg c k` trgfspcrt`, s`rç cpcrtufc prci`k`r g lg lndpn`zg y g lg luorniginùf k` `stgs muägs: `f iuglqun`r igsc, `b`itø` `stg cp`rginùf igkg 01 ecrgs `f icfknincf`s k` trgoghc fcrdgl`s c igkg 71 ecrgs iugfkc s` trgoghg `f gdon`ft`s duy pclvcrn`ftcs c `f icfknincf`s p`sgkgs. Gtîfmgs` g lgs lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s nfknigincf`s pgrg cot`f`r ufg ou`fg lndpn`zg8 - _gsp` icf ufg `spçtulg d`tçlnig lg sup`rin` k`
-
-
lgs muägs G pgrg `lndnfgr trgzgs k` mrgsg vn`hg y suin`kgk. Lgv` icf knlu`ft` lg sup`rin` k` lgs muägs G. Y`qu` icf uf trgpc y icdpru`o` qu` fc egygf qu`kgkc r`stcs k` suin`kgk. Gplnqu` icf ufg `spçtulg ufg igpg k` mrgsg `f tckg
G G
lg sup`rin` k` lgs muägs G.
IGKG 71-01 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9??/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?2 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
QCL@GY Icftrcl k`smgst` Lgs nfbcrdgincf`s m`fîrnigs r`lgtnvgs g `st` tnpc k` cp`rginùf s` `fiu`ftrgf `f `l igpätulc “@sp`inigincf`s “@sp`ini gincf`s
tîifnigs k` r`b`r`fing— k` `st` dgfugl. @f iuglqun`r igsc, r`sp`t` `l nft`rvglc `sp`iäic k`
nft`rv`finùf nfknigkc goghc yg qu` igkg pcl`g gplnigkg g lg dçqunfg tn`f` uf plgzc k` `h`iuinùf `f bufinùf k` lgs ecrgs k` utnlnzginùf.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Luorniginùf D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s k` lgs snmun`ft`s pcl`gs8
- Qcl`gs igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl - Qcl`gs igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr - Qcl`gs k` r``fväc igol` prnfinpgl.
IGKG 711 EC_GY
G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?9/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf Q@LNM_C Qgrg lgs cp`rgincf`s `slnfmgh`, suh`inùf c l`vgftgdn`ftc, utnlni` k` `xilusnvgd`ft` `qunpcs ecdclcmgkcs y k` igpginkgk gk`iugkg. Q@LNM_C [rgoghgr sn`fkc icfsin`ft` k` `stgr usgfkc pcl`gs mgstgkgs y/c kg÷gkgs `s duy p`lnmrcsc. Yustntuyg nfd`kngtgd`ft` lg pcl`g mgstgkg y/c kg÷gkg. @l icfstruitcr YCNLD@I k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs gl usc k` pcl`gs mgstgkgs y/c kg÷gkgs.
G
[ckgs lgs pcl`gs k` r``fväc gplnigkgs scor` `l dçstnl `stçf nfstglgkgs `f `l mrupc k` r``fväc igol`s G y `f lg igo`zg O. Yn s` `vnk`fing uf icfsudc gi`ftugkc k` ufg c dçs pcl`gs, `s cpcrtufc gt`f`rs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s8
-
Qr`pgr` `l `xtrgitcr I `f kctginùf. Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl. Ru`lqu` lg igo`zg O y bäh`lg d`kngft` lg igk`fg `f kctginùf. D`kngft` ufg `sigl`rg c ufg plgtgbcrdg, gii`kg g lg pcl`g qu` s` k`o` sustntunr iclciçfkcs` `f ufg pcsninùf iùdckg.
-
Gch` c qunt` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igol` qu` pgsg pcr
-
lg pcl`g. Bnh` lg pcl`g icf uf snst`dg gk`iugkc k` l`vgftgdn`ftc y scpcrt`.
-
Wunt` `l knspcsntnvc k``xtrgitcr olcqu`cI.k` lg pcl`g y k`sdùft`lg utnlnzgfkc `l Iclcqu` ufg pcl`g fu`vg.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?5 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL ^ GHPY[@ HP@MC G_[NIPLGINÙF DÇY[NL Kurgft` lg vnkg k` lg dçqunfg, `l hu`mc `ftr` `l pnvct` G y lg pgrt` nft`rfg O k`l dçstnl pu`k` gud`ftgr. @f `l igsc `f qu` s` `vnk`fin` uf hu`mc gi`ftugkc, s`rç f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r icf lg r`mulginùf. -
Gch` lgs icftrgtu` icftrgtu`rigs rigs I.
O
G I
I
Gprn`t` icf iunkgkc lcs tcrfnllcs K egstg `lndnfgr `l hu`mc. - Ru`lvg g iclcigr lgs icftrgtu`rigs I. -
G[@FINÙF Fc gprn`t` k`dgsngkc lcs tcrfnllcs y icdpru`o` `l dcvndn`ftc icrr`itc k`l dçstnl giincfgfkc lcs inlnfkrcs k` nfilnfginùf.
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 011 EC_GY IGKG ?111 EC_GY
K
K
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?0/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7?> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
IGOL@Y ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ Lgs nfbcrdgincf`s m`fîrnigs r`lgtnvgs g `st` tnpc k` cp`rginùf s` `fiu`ftrgf `f `l igpätulc “@sp`inigincf`s “@sp`in igincf`s
tîifnigs k` r`b`r`fing— k` `st` dgfugl. @f iuglqun`r igsc, r`sp`t` `l nft`rvglc `sp`iäic k`
nft`rv`finùf nfknigkc goghc yg qu` igkg igol` gplnigkc g lg dçqunfg tn`f` uf plgzc k` `h`iuinùf `f bufinùf k` lgs ecrgs k` utnlnzginùf.
IGKG 71 EC_GY
LNDQN@XG ^ LPO_NIGINÙF Lgs nfbcrdgincf`s m`fîrnigs r`lgtnvgs g `st` tnpc k` cp`rginùf s` `fiu`ftrgf `f `l igpätulc “@sp`inigincf`s “@sp`in igincf`s
tîifnigs k` r`b`r`fing— k` `st` dgfugl. @f iuglqun`r igsc, r`sp`t` `l nft`rvglc `sp`iäic k`
nft`rv`finùf nfknigkc goghc yg qu` igkg igol` gplnigkc g lg dçqunfg tn`f` uf plgzc k` `h`iuinùf `f bufinùf k` lgs ecrgs k` utnlnzginùf.
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?2/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 791 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
YPY[N[PINÙF Igol` igor`stgft` prnfinpgl Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` igol`s crnmnfgl`s YCNLD@I icrr`spcfkn`ft`s g lg fcrdg NYC ;91>. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc. Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` ll`vgr `l dçstnl k` lg pcsninùf v`rtnigl g lg ecrnzcftgl `s f`i`sgrnc k`sdcftgr icdpl`tgd`ft` lcs `l`d`ftcs bufincfgl`s k` lg dçqunfg, icdc s` k`sirno` `f k`tgll` `f lg Y`iinùf I “BPFINCFGDN@F[C “BPFINCFGDN@F[ C ^ PYC—. @stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc prci`k`r icf `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl `f icfknincf`s k` dçqunfg `qunpgkg. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
G
9 ?
Lg murg nfknig `l pgsc k`l igol` O `frcllgkc `f `l
r`lgtnvc igor`stgft` G y pgsgft` pcr lg pcl`g 7 k`l mrupc k` r``fväc igol`s y lgs pcl`gs ?-9 k` lg igo`zg. @f `l igsc `f qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc sustntunr `l igol` O, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s8
-
7
Wunt` lcs snmun`ft`s `l`d`ftcs k` lg dçqunfg sn `stçf nfstglgkcs8
-
e`rrgdn`ftg, j`llyv`rtnigl, y `l`d`ftc k` `f rctginùf. Icf `l dçstnl vçstgmc `f pcsninùf pcfmg dgrieg `l dctcr kn`s`l y dgftîfmglc g uf rîmnd`f k` r`vcluincf`s däfndc.
I
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 797 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
-
Ogh` icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng I y iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl. Iclcqu` ufg oconfg K vgiäg `f `l `frcllgkcr @ y `dpn`i` g `frcllgr dgfugld`ft` `l igol` O k`sicf`itgkc k`l `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf. Icft`dpcrçf`gd`ft` k`sk` `l pu`stc k` dgfkc `dpn`i` g k`s`frcllgr `l igol` O egstg qu` `f `l tgdocr k`l igor`stgft` G fc qu`k`f dçs `strgtcs. Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc y k`sicf`it` `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O k`l knspcsntnvc k` olcqu`c B k`l igor`stgft` G. @frcll` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igol` O `f lg oconfg K eginîfkclc sglnr k` lgs pcl`gs 7-?-9. K`sdcft` lg oconfg K k`l `frcllgkcr @. Qr`pgr` uf igol` O fu`vc qu` pu`k` s`r `ftr`mgkc pcr `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f oconfgs ( M) c `f rcllcs (E). Iclcqu` lg oconfg vgiäg M `f `l `frcllgkcr @ ` nftrckuzig `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O `f lgs pcl`gs 9-?. 7Nftrckuzig `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O `f `l knspcsntnvc k` olcqu`c B k`l igor`stgft` prnfinpgl. @dpn`i` g `frcllgr `l igol` O giincfgfkc `l igor`stgft` G egstg lno`rgr lg oconfg M c egstg `l k`s`frcllgkc icdpl`tc k`l rcllc E. Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f lg pcsninùf v`rtnigl. Nfstgl` k` fu`vc `l `l`d`ftc k` rctginùf, `l vçstgmc j`lly y lg e`rrgdn`ftg. Icdpru`o` vnsugld`ft` `l pgsc y `l dcvndn`ftc icrr`itc k`l igol` O.
G[@FINÙF @l k`s`frcllgkc y `l `frcllgkc k` lcs igol`s scf cp`rgincf`s k`f`i`sgrnc rutnfg pgrg `st` tnpc dçqunfgs. @s pcr lc tgftc knspcf`r k` k` e`rrgdn`ftgs gprcpngkgs qu` s` k`o`f dgft`f`r `f kctginùf icf lg dçqunfg `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc, icf `l f k` fc kg÷gr lcs igol`s kurgft` su dgfnpulginùf. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg `l k`r`iec k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl `stgkc k` icfs`rvginùf k` igol`s fu`vcs `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` nfcos`rvgfing `f `l icrr`itc usc k` lcs dnsdcs.
K @
B
M
E
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?5/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 79? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
Igol` igor`stgft` guxnlngr Q@LNM_C Ptnlni` `xilusnvgd`ft` igol`s NYC crnmnfgl`s icrr`spcfkn`ft`s g lg fcrdg ;91>. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc. Q@LNM_C Gft`s k` ll`vgr `l dçstnl k` lg pcsninùf v`rtnigl g lg ecrnzcftgl `s f`i`sgrnc k`sdcftgr icdpl`tgd`ft` lcs `l`d`ftcs bufincfgl`s k` lg dçqunfg, icdc s` k`sirno` `f k`tgll` `f lg Y`iinùf I “BPFINCFGDN@F[C “BPFINCFGDN@F[ C ^ PYC—. @stç gosclutgd`ft` prcenonkc prci`k`r icf `l k`splgzgdn`ftc k`l dçstnl `f icfknincf`s k` dçqunfg `qunpgkg. YCNLD@I Ypg k`ilnfg iuglqun`r r`spcfsgonlnkgk pcr kg÷cs g p`rscfgs y/c icsgs k`onkcs g lg fc cos`rvginùf k` `stg r`mlg k` icdpcrtgdn`ftc.
G
9
? 7
Lg murg nfknig `l pgsc k`l igol` O `frcllgkc `f `l
r`lgtnvc igor`stgft` G y pgsgft` pcr lgs pcl`gs 7-?-9 k` lg igo`zg k`l dçstnl. @f `l igsc `f qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc sustntunr `l igol` O, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s8
-
Qcfmg `f dgrieg `l dctcr kn`s`l y dgftîfmglc g uf rîmnd`f k` r`vcluincf`s däfndc. K`sdcft` iuglqun`r `l`d`ftc k` lg dçqunfg pgrg icfs`ftnr lg oghgkg k`l dçstnl. Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf ecrnzcftgl.
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9?>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 799 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
-
-
K`sdcft` `l icftrgp`sc k`l `xtr`dc k`l igol`. Iclcqu` ufg oconfg I vgiäg `f `l `frcllgkcr K y `dpn`i` g `frcllgr dgfugld`ft` `l igol` O. Icft`dpcrçf`gd`ft` k`sk` `l pu`stc k` dgfkc `dpn`i` g k`s`frcllgr `l igol` O egstg qu` `f `l tgdocr k`l igor`stgft` G fc qu`k`f dçs `strgtcs. Rgyg g lg zcfg k` pgsc y k`sicf`it` `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O k`l knspcsntnvc k` olcqu`c M k`l igor`stgft`. @frcll` icdpl`tgd`ft` `l igol` O `f lg oconfg I eginîfkclc sglnr k` lgs pcl`gs 7-?-9 y k`l plgtnllc iclcigkc k`oghc k` lg pcl`g. K`sdcft` lg oconfg I k`l `frcllgkcr K. Qr`pgr` uf igol` O fu`vc qu` pu`k` s`r `ftr`mgkc pcr `l Y`rvninc Qcsv`ftgs YCNLD@I `f oconfgs ( @) c `f rcllcs (B). Iclcqu` lg oconfg @ `f `l `frcllgkcr K ` nftrckuzig `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O `f `l plgtnllc y `f lgs pcl`gs 9-?-7. Ynmg dgfugld`ft` `l igol` O fu`vc egstgk`s`frcllgfkc gligfzgr lg zcfg k` lcs igor`stgft`s. Nftrckuzig `l `xtr`dc k`l igol` O `f `l knspcsntnvc k` olcqu`c M k`l igor`stgft` G. Olcqu`` `l igol` O. @dpn`i` g `frcllgr `l igol` O giincfgfkc `l igor`stgft` G egstg lno`rgr lg oconfg @ c egstg `l k`s`frcllgkc icdpl`tc k`l rcllc B. _`icm` `l `xtr`dc icf chgl y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l icftrgp`sc . Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl.
G[@FINÙF @l k`s`frcllgkc y `l `frcllgkc k` lcs igol`s scf cp`rgincf`s k`f`i`sgrnc rutnfg pgrg `st` tnpc dçqunfgs. @s pcr lc tgftc knspcf`r k` k` e`rrgdn`ftgs gprcpngkgs qu` s` k`o`f dgft`f`r `f kctginùf icf lg dçqunfg `f lg zcfg k` trgoghc, icf `l f k` fc kg÷gr lcs igol`s kurgft` su dgfnpulginùf. YCNLD@I Ypg s` r`s`rvg `l k`r`iec k` r`iegzgr pcsnol`s r`ilgdgincf`s r`lgtnvgs gl `stgkc k` icfs`rvginùf k` igol`s fu`vcs `f `l igsc `f qu` s` icdpru`o` nfcos`rvgfing `f `l icrr`itc usc k` lcs dnsdcs.
I K
M
@
B
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
991/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 79; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL YPH@INÙF @U[_@DCY IGOL@Y YCO_@ LCY IGO_@Y[GF[@Y
G - Icf t`fscr icf mrgpgs `xt`rncr`s (igor`stgft` prnfinpgl)
O - Icf t`rdnfgl `f iu÷g (igor`stgft` guxnlngr)
Icdpru`o` p`rnùknigd`ft` qu` lcs knspcsntnvcs k` olcqu`c s`gf p`rb`itgd`ft` `in`ft`s t`fn`fkc `f
iu`ftg, `f iuglqun`r igsc, qu` `l tnrc k`l igol` fc s` `b`itøg fufig knr`itgd`ft` `f `l puftc k` olcqu`c.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
G
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
997/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 790 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
D@YG _C[G[C_NG _@KPI[C_ K@ OGY@ Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` -
Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, ogh` icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng. K`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` `l tgpùf iclcigkc `f lg pgrt` brcftgl k`l r`kuitcr k` ogs`.
R`rnqu` sn `dpn`zg g sglnr gi`nt` pcr `l crninc k`l
-
tgpùf. Yn `s f`i`sgrnc, r`stgol`zig `l fnv`l. Wunt` `l tgpùf G ` nftrckuzig gi`nt` egstg qu`
G
`dpn`i` g sglnr k`l crninc k`l tgpùf k`l fnv`l.
-
Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr lcs tgpcf`s.
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, ogh` icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng. Iclcqu` ufc c dçs r`inpn`ft`s k`oghc k`l tgpùf k` k`sigrmg O. Wunt` `l tgpùf k` fnv`l G y `l tgpùf k` purmg I pgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt`. Wunt` `l tgpùf O y k`h` sglnr `l gi`nt` usgkc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf O k`spuîs k` ego`rlc lndpngkc icf iunkgkc.
-
Nftrckuzig gi`nt` `f igftnkgk suin`ft` pcr `l crninc
-
k`l tgpùf G y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf. Icdpru`o` `l fnv`l k` gi`nt`. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr `l tgpùf k` purmg I.
O
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY
I
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
99?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 792 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
DC[C__@KPI[C_ DC[C__@KPI[ C_ NFB@_NC_ NDQC_[GF[@ @l dctcrr`kuitcr v`rsnùf snf igdonc.nfb`rncr sclc s` `fiu`ftrg `f lg Icftrcl y r`stgol`indn`ftc fnv`l k` gi`nt` -
I
Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, ogh` icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng. K`s`frcsqu` l`ftgd`ft` `l tgpùf k` fnv`l @ k`l dctcrr`kuitcr G.
-
R`rnqu` sn `dpn`zg g sglnr gi`nt` pcr `l crninc k`l
-
tgpùf. Yn `s f`i`sgrnc, r`stgol`zig `l fnv`l. Wunt` `l tgpùf k` purmg I.
-
Nftrckuzig gi`nt` `f igftnkgk suin`ft` pcr `l crninc
-
k`l tgpùf @ egstg qu` `dpn`i` g sglnr pcr `l dnsdc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr lcs tgpcf`s I y @.
O
G
IGKG ?01 EC_GY
Yustntuinùf gi`nt` -
Wunt` `l tgpùf k` purmg I pgrg bginlntgr lg sglnkg k`l gi`nt`.
-
Qcfmg uf r`inpn`ft` k`oghc k`l crninc k` k`sigrmg
-
gft`s k` k`s`frcsigr `l tgpùf O. K`h` sglnr icdpl`tgd`ft` `l gi`nt` y vu`lvg g iclcigr `l tgpùf O.
-
Nftrckuzig igftnkgk suin`ft` pcr`l`ldnsdc. crninc k`l tgpùf @gi`nt` egstg`f qu` `dpn`i` g sglnr pcr
-
Ru`lvg g iclcigr y g gpr`tgr lcs tgpcf`s I y @.
I @
O K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY ?01 EC_GY
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
999/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 79= D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
YPY[N[PINÙF BNL[_C K@ GI@N[@ YNY[@DG K@ LPO_NIGINÙF D@YG _C[G[C_NG -
-
Icf `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl, ogh` icdpl`tgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng. Iclcqu` uf r`inpn`ft` pgrg r`icm`r `v`ftugl`s pîrknkgs k` gi`nt` luornigft`. Gch` gft`s `l igrtuiec G d`kngft` uf `xtrgitcr, k`spuîs quät`lc icdpl`tgd`ft` icf lgs dgfcs. Lndpn` icf iunkgkc lg sup`rin` glr`k`kcr k` lg igo`zg k`l mrupc ltrgft` icdprcogfkc qu` fc egyg
trgzgs k`l r`tîf k`l vn`hc igrtuiec. Luornqu` icf gi`nt` lndpnc `l r`tîf k`l fu`vc igrtuiec. _`ll`f` `l fu`vc igrtuiec icf gi`nt` lndpnc gft`s k` iclcigrlc y gpr`tgrlc dgfugld`ft` egstg qu` su r`tîf s` gpcy` scor` lg igo`zg. Kî ctrg d`kng vu`ltg icf `l `xtrgitcr. G lg prnd`rg pu`stg `f dgrieg k` lg d`sg
G
rctgtcrng, luornigft`.icftrcl` qu` fc egygf pîrknkgs k` gi`nt`
K@F[_C K@ LGY Q_ND@_GY 01 EC_GY IGKG ?01 EC_GY
GHPY[@ NF[@__PQ[C_@Y K@ BLPHC YNY[@DG K@ LPO_NIGINÙF D@YG _C[G[C_NG -
Qgrg r`mulgr `l uhc k` gi`nt` luornigft` `f `l
nft`rncr k`l r`kuitcr k` ogs` y k`l dctcrr`kuitcr sup`rncr, gitø` `f lcs pcdcs k` ghust` G y O k` lcs nft`rruptcr`s k` uhc k`l snst`dg k` luorniginùf.
O
G
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
99;/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 795 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
QG[NF@Y K@ K@YLNXGDN@F[C Icftrcl k`smgst` @l k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lg d`sg rctgtcrng g lc lgrmc k` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl `stç mgrgftnzgkc pcr lcs pgtnf`s k` muäg G-O-I. Lcs pgtnf`s G-O-I subr`f uf k`smgst` dçs c d`fcs gi`ftugkc `f bufinùf k` lg r`mulgrnkgk k` luorniginùf k` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl. @s pcr lc tgftc f`i`sgrnc pcf`r pgrtniulgr iunkgkc gl icftrcl k` lg lndpn`zg k` lgs muägs y icdprcogr igkg 011 ecrgs `l mrgkc k` k`slnzgdn`ftc k` lcs pgtnf`s G-O-I. Lg vnkg bufincfgl k` igkg icfhuftc k` pgtnf`s vgräg k`sk` uf däfndc k` 7111 ecrgs egstg uf dçxndc k` ?111 ecrgs. K`spuîs k` `st` plgzc, `s f`i`sgrnc sustntunrlcs.
IGKG 011 EC_GY
G
O
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
990/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 79> D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
Yustntuinùf @f `l igsc `f qu` s`g f`i`sgrnc sustntunr lcs pgtnf`s k` muäg, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s8
-
Iclcqu` `l dçstnl `f pcsninùf v`rtnigl k`hgfkc uf `spginc gk`iugkc pcr k`oghc pgrg `xtrg`r bçinld`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ k` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl. Bnh` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ `fmgfiegfkc `l igol` k` s`rvninc B g lcs puftcs K pr`vnstcs pcr `l icfstruitcr. [`fs` `l igol` B. Gli` l`ftgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ egstg qu` `l
K
p`rfc k` suh`inùf k`l inlnfkrc pull-kcwf s`g vnsnol`
-
K
g trgvîs k`l gmuh`rc k`l dçstnl. Icdpru`o` qu` `l igol` B `stî on`f t`fsgkc. Gch` lcs tcrfnllcs, k`sdcft` lg plgquntg k` r`t`finùf y `xtrgnmg `l p`rfc k` suh`inùf k`l inlnfkrc pull-kcwf
icf uf `xtrgitcr. --
-
Wunt` lcs tgdpcf`s k` gpcy` M. @ y `xtrçnmglg k` Gli` l`ftgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng lgs muägs k`l dçstnl y k`l vçstgmc j`lly. Iclcqu` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ scor` ufg pgl`tg k` dgk`rg pr`pgrgkg gft`rncrd`ft`. Wunt` tckcs lcs pgtnf`s G-O-I. Iclcqu` uf icfhuftc k` pgtnf`s fu`vcs G-O-I. Luornqu` lgs sup`rin`s k` lcs pgtnf`s G-O-I icf mrgsg. Ru`lvg g iclcigr lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ k`oghc k`l dçstnl `f icrr`spcfk`fing k` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl. Gli` l`ftgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @. Nftrckuzig `l vçstgmc j`lly j`lly.. Glnf`` `l gmuh`rc k`l dçstnl icf `l gmuh`rc k`l p`rfc. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l p`rfc, lg plgquntg y lcs tcrfnllcs. Gli` lnm`rgd`ft` lg d`sg rctgtcrng @ y vu`lvg g iclcigr lcs tgdpcf`s k` gpcyc M.
B
@
M
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
992/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;1 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C
@YQG×CL
@FM_GY@ K@L DGFMPN[C NF[@_FC Qgrg `l `fmrgs` k`l dgfmuntc nft`rfc, gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s nfknigincf` nfknigincf`s8 s8
-
G
Qr`pgr` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf. Lndpn` nft`rfgd`ft` `l dgfmuntc O `lndnfgfkc lg suin`kgk giudulgkg icf uf trgpc y knlu`ft`. Nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f tckcs lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s I pr`s`ft`s `f `l nft`rncr k`l dgfmuntc O.
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
O
I
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
99=/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;7 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
OG__G [@L@YIÙQNIG J@LL^ LPO_NIGINÙF @L@D@F[C K@ _C[GINÙF Ptnlnzgfkc lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` G `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f `l `fmrgsgkcr O O.
G IGKG 01 EC_GY
O
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
995/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;? D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
LPO_NIGINÙF IGO@XG K@ MPÄG J@LL^ D`kngft` lg ocdog k` `fmrgs` `f kctginùf, nfy`it` mrgsg `f igftnkgk øtnl `f snmun`ft`s lcs `fmrgsgkcr`s8
G - Icrcfg k` mnrc O - Q`rfcs pgtnf`s k` muäg
G
IGKG 01 EC_GY
O O
ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ QG[NF@Y K@ MPÄG Lcs pgtnf`s k` muäg G-O-I subr`f uf icfsudc dçs c d`fcs gi`ftugkc r`lginùf gl usc k` lg dçqunfg:sn`st` nficfv`fn`ft` s` `f prckui` dçs br`iu`ft`d`ft` lgs muägs k`l dçstnl fc s` luornigf icf r`mulgrnkgk. Lgs prnd`rgs s`÷gl`s k` k`t`rncrginùf scf ufg lnm`rg k`sglnf`ginùf y ufg vnorginùf gi`ftugkg.
G
O IGKG 011 EC_GY
I
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
99>/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;9 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
YPY[N[PINÙF QG[NF@Y K@ MPÄG Lg sustntuinùf k` lcs pgtnf`s G-O-I `s pcsnol` sùlc k`spuîs k`l k`sdcftgh` k` lg ogrrg t`l`siùpnig (j`lly). Gtîfmgs` g lgs snmun`ft`s snmun`ft`s nfknigincf`s8 nfknigincf`s8
-
Wunt` `l pgsgkcr @ y lg grgfk`lg B. Wunt` `l p`rfc M. K`sdcft` `l scpcrt` E. Wunt` lcs tcrfnllcs L y k`sdcft` lcs pgtnf`s k`t`rncrgkcs G-O. Iclcqu` pgtnf`s fu`vcs G-O y vu`lvg g iclcigr tckcs lcs tcrfnllcs L. Ru`lvg g iclcigr `l scpcrt` E y `l p`rfc M. Wunt` lcs tcrfnllcs D. K`sdcft` lcs pgtnf`s k`t`rncrgkcs I y olcquî`lcs `f pcsninùf icf lcs tcrfnllcs D.
K L
M I
G
D @ B
IPGFKC F@I@YG_NC
L O
IGKG 7111 EC_GY
E
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;1/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;; D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
ICF[_CL ^ LGRGKC @L@D@F[CY [@L@YIÙQNICY OG__G J@LL J @LL^ ^ Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc icf vgpcr, vgpcr, pùfmgs` rcpg k` prct`iinùf. @l vgpcr igln`ft` pu`k` pu`k` igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s. Lg lndpn`zg k` lcs `l`d`ftcs t`l`siùpnics k` lg ogrrg j`lly `s k` ufg ndpcrtgfing bufkgd`ftgl. Igkg v`z qu` s` t`rdnfg ufg p`rbcrginùf `s f`i`sgrnc prci`k`r gl lgvgkc nftrckuin`fkc `l knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc oghc pr`snùf `f lgs e`fknkurgs G. @stg cp`rginùf `lndnfgrç icdpl`tgd`ft` lg tn`rrg giudulgkg.
IGKG 71 EC_GY
G G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;7/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;0 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
E@__GDN@F[GY ICF[_CL K@YMGY[@ @s f`i`sgrnc prcv``r g uf icftrcl p`rnùknic vnsnvc k` lg e`rrgdn`ftg gplnigkg gl vçstgmc t`l`siùpnic y icdprcogr su ou`f `stgkc. Lgs e`rrgdn`ftgs k`tgllgkgs g icftnfuginùf scf lgs utnlnzgkgs dçs br`iu`ft`d`ft`.
Ogrr`fg k` p`rbcrginùf -
-
Icdpru`o` `l `stgkc k` lcs kn`ft`s G. Icdpru`o` lg sup`rin` O g lc lgrmc k` lg ogrr`fg. Icdpru`o` lg orcig I.
G
O I
Ogrr`fg k` p`rbcrginùf pgrg rcigs -
-
Icdpru`o` `l `stgkc k` lcs kn`ft`s K. Icdpru`o` lg sup`rin` @ g lc lgrmc k` lg ogrr`fg. Icdpru`o` lg orcig B.
@
B
K Ouij`t -
Icdpru`o` `l `stgkc k` lcs kn`ft`s M. Icdpru`o` lgs onsgmrgs E.
M
E Yn gl icftrcl s` `vnk`fing uf icfsudc `xi`snvc, sustntuyg lg e`rrgdn`ftg lc gft`s pcsnol`.
IGKG 711 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;?/902
GF[@FNDN@F[C - Q ÇMNFG 7;2 D
NF[@_R@FINCF@Y K@ DGF[@FNDN@F[C @YQG×CL
LNDQN@XG ^ LGR LGRGKC GKC Q@LNM_C Iugfkc s` utnlnzg uf knspcsntnvc k` lgvgkc icf vgpcr, vgpcr pùfmgs` rcpg k` prct`iinùf. @l vgpcr igln`ft` pu`k`, pu`k` igusgr mrgv`s l`sncf`s p`rscfgl`s Gl t`rdnfgr lgs cp`rgincf`s k` p`rbcrginùf, lndpn` lgs e`rrgdn`ftgs `lndnfgfkc iuglqun`r giudulginùf k` tn`rrg. Lndpn` iunkgkcsgd`ft` lg zcfg k` lcs kn`ft`s y `l puftc k` gicplgdn`ftc gl vçstgmc t`l`siùpnic.
IGKG 71 EC_GY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;9/902
@YQG×CL
Y`iinùf @ YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC IPDDNFY
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;;/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG ? YNY[@DG KNÇMFCY[NIC I PDDNFY
ÄFKNI@ K@ Y@IINÙF @YQG×CL
Äfkni` k` Y`iinùf
YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC DC[C_ ......................... ..................................... ....................... ....................... ........................9 ............9 LNY[G LNY[ G GLG_DGY..................... ........................................... ............................................ ............................................ ........................................... ...................................; ..............;
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;0/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 9 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC DC[C_ Icdc yg nlustrgkc `f lg s`iinùf I , `f igsc k` glgrdgs k`l dctcr s` `fin`fk` `l t`stnmc Gk` y `llgs snst`dg k` icftrcl KDY vnsuglnzg lcs nk`ftnigkcr`s glgrdgs. @f `l igsc `f qu` `l KDY bu`rg kg÷gkc, `l cp`rgkcr pu`k` utnlnzgr `l octùf G pgrg nk`ftnigr lg glgrdg `f bufinùf k` lcs pgrpgk`cs y pgusgs k`l t`stnmc nft`mrgkc. Lg s`iu`fing k` pgrpgk`cs `s pr`i`knkg y s`munkg pcr uf pgrpgk`c k` gvnsc.
@h`dplc8 • Y`iu`fing k` pgrpgk`c iùknmc k` glgrdg ?;; pgrpgk`c k` gvnsc nfninc s`iu`fing: ? ? pgrpgk`cs icf pgusg k` ufcs ? s`mufkcs: ; ; pgrpgk`cs icf pgusg k` ufcs ? s`mufkcs: ; ; pgrpgk`cs icf pgusg k` ufcs ? s`mufkcs:
pgrpgk`c k` gvnsc fgl s`iu`fing:
Gl nk`ftnigr `l iùknmc k` glgrdg, icfsult` lg tgolg snmun`ft` pgrg lg `xplniginùf k`l prcol`dg.
[CPIE YI_@@F G
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;2/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG ; YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
LNY[G GLG_DGY Iùk.
YQF
@rrcr H7>9> 777
770
7??
7?9
2?>
27?
71?
71?
BDN
Icl.
H7>9>
[`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
7?
_chc
Mco`rfgkcr #7
Mco`rfgkcr dctcr - Gv`räg nft`rfg mrgv` Knspcsntnvc c icdpcf`ft` k`b`itucsc
_chc
Iùk. Ynst`dg Kngmfùstnic #?
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf/v`lcinkgk dctcr - pîrknkg k` gdogs s`÷gl`s k`l s`fscr k` grrgfqu` dctcr - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
770
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` gkdnsnùf
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7??
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` gkdnsnùf
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
7?9
?
9
;
Qcsninùf p`kgl 797 79?
799
>7 >7
>=;
9 ;
9
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp. 7777 77
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl
_chc
gi`l`rgkcr
gi`l`rgkcr - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf c icrtcinriuntc gltc sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl,
797
_chc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
79?
_chc
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl Gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
799
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl Gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
79;
79;
>=;
;
_chc
790
711
9
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf pr`sn ùf gi`nt` dctcr - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf 790 sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7;7
711
;
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr
Inriuntc s`fscr s` fscr pr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr dct cr - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
7;7
7;9
711
75
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr
Oghg pr`snùf gi`nt` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
7;9
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7;;
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc icrt cinriuntc oghc
7;0
7;;
7;0
771
771
9
;
7;2
771
72
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Gltg t`dp`rgtu t`dp`rgturg rg r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft` Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
7;2
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - Br`iu`fing, gfiec c p`rnckc k` ndpulsc gfcrdgl
7;=
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - Br`iu`fing, gfiec c p`rnckc k` ndpulsc gfcrdgl
7;5
Oghg t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
707
7;=
>7
7
_chc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
7;5
>7
1
_chc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
707
771
1
_chc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;=/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 0 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9> 709
70;
710
710
BDN H7>9> 9
;
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
Gdgrnllc
[`dp. icl`itcr gkdnsnùf #7 k`
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
709
Gdgrnllc
[`dp. icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf #7
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
70;
Gltg t`dp`rgtu t`dp`rgturg rg gnr` icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl Glgrdg mrgv` mrgv`
700 75=
700
710
1
_chc
[`dp. icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf #7
75=
7151
;
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf 0Rii
Inriuntc t`fsnùf glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #? - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
7>0
777
9
Gdgrnllc
Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft`
Inriuntc s`fscr fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` - [`fsnùf 7>0 sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7>2
777
;
Gdgrnllc
Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft`
7>=
777
75
Gdgrnllc
Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft`
?77
7;5;
97
Fnfmøf
Bgllc H7>9>
Inriuntc s`fscr fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` - [`fsnùf
7>2
nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
7>=
Mrgogkc iùknmcs kngmfùstnic guxnlngr Icfkninùf pr`s`ft`
?77 ?7?
?7?
7=0
9
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg gi`nt` dctcr [`dp`rgturg gi`nt` 7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?79
7=0
;
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg gi`nt` dctcr [`dp`rgturg gi`nt` 7 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?79
?7;
7=0
1
_chc
[`dp`rgturg gi`nt` dctcr - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
?7;
??7
715
9
Gdgrnllc
???
715
;
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg gi`nt` Qr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig Qr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig
??=
7151
9
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf 0Rii
?97
71>
9
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` Qr`snùf
Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr pr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc ??7 Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr pr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf ??? nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc Inriuntc t`fsnùf glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #? - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
??=
Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr pr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft ` - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf ?97 sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr pr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft ` - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf
?9?
71>
;
Gdgrnllc
?99
71>
75
Gdgrnllc
?9;
7>1
1
_chc
?90
777
7
_chc
?9=
2;;
?
r`brnm`rgft`
nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft`
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
?9?
Gltg v`lcinkgk dctcr - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc R`lcinkgk dctcr sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv` Oghc fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
Gdgrnllc
Nfmr`sc `xt`rfc v`lcinkgk
Nfmr`sc `xt`rfc v`lcinkgk (snfircfnzgi (snfircfnzginùf nùf ufnkgk døltnpl`) - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
?99
?9; ?90 ?9=
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;5/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 2 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9> ?95
?;7
?;?
?;0
277
5;
5;
2;=
BDN H7>9> ;
?
71
;
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
Gdgrnllc
Iùk. kngmfùstnic #7
Inriuntc t`fsnùf k` glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #9 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?95
Gdgrnllc
R`lcinkgk v`eäiulcs k` ru`kgs
Inriuntc s`fscr v`lcinkgk v`eäiulc - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
?;7
Gdgrnllc
R`lcinkgk v`eäiulcs k` ru`kgs
Inriuntc s`fscr v`lcinkgk v`eäiulc K`t`itgkg glt`rginùf - _ntdc k` igdonc gfcrdgl
?;?
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr sglnkg gicplgdn`ftc v`ftnlgkcr
Inriuntc k` icftrcl v`ftnlgkcr - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?;0
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg gdon`ft` - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?;>
?;>
7=7
9
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg gdon`ft`
?02
7=7
;
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg gdon`ft`
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg gdon`ft` [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc icrt cinriuntc oghc
?02
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg icdoustnol`
[`dp`rgturg icdoustnol` dctcr - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
?27
Inriuntc s`fscr 7 t`dp`rgturg icdoustnol` dctcr - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?29
Inriuntc s`fscr 7 t`dp`rgturg icdoustnol` dctcr - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?20
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf icdoustnol` - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
?25
Gdgrnllc
icdoustnol` Mrupc Inriuntc `l`itrcvçlvulg gltg pr`snùf pr`surnzginùf icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr v glcr fcrdgl, ocdog icdoustnol` c icrtcinriuntc oghc #7
?=7
Gdgrnllc
Mrupc Inriuntc `l`itrcvçlvulg gltg pr`snùf pr`surnzginùf icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr ocdog icdoustnol` fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc #7
?=?
?27
7=;
72
?29
7=;
9
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg icdoustnol`
?20
7=;
;
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg icdoustnol`
?25
?=7
?=?
>;
79;=
79;=
?
;
9
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` k`sigrmg
?=0
?57
?5;
79;=
=
79;=
=
71;9
;
Gdgrnllc
Gdgrnllc
Mrupc @l`d`ftc k` ocdo`c icdoustnol` (gft`rncr) pr`surnzginùf - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c ocdog icdoustnol` bu`rg r`mulginùf #7
?=0
Mrupc @l`itrcvçlvulg gltg pr`snùf icdoustnol` #7 pr`surnzginùf ocdog icdoustnol` - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf #7
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf s`fscr nft`rfc
?57
Inriuntc glnd`ftginùf s`fscr pcsninùf/ v`lcinkgk dctcr (inmü`÷gl) - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?5;
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
9;>/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG = YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9>
BDN H7>9>
Icl. [`stnmc
?50
29>
>
Gdgrnllc
?52
29>
79
Gdgrnllc
?5=
?55
?>9
?>;
>7
>=;
;;7
;;7
7>
7>
9
;
_chc
_chc
Gdgrnllc
Gdgrnllc
?>0
715
?
Gdgrnllc
?>2
7955
7;
_chc
?>=
7955
9
Gdgrnllc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
@flgi` kgtcs YG@ H7>9> @flgi` kgtcs YG@ H7>9>
@rrcr tn`dpc lädnt` QMF dultnpl`xnùf YG@ H7>9> - Bluhc k` gituglnzginùf gfcrdgl @rrcr icfmurginùf dultnpl`xnùf YG@ H7>9> - Bu`rg iglnorginùf
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
@rrcr snst`dg s`fscr pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr dultnpl`xnùf YG@ H7>9> _`inonkcs kgtcs k` r`k fc icrr`itcs
?5=
Gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc
@rrcr snst`dg s`fscr pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr r`dctc dultnpl`xnùf YG@ H7>9> - _`inonkcs kgtcs k` r`k fc icrr`itcs
?55
[`dp`rgturg C@D
Inriuntc nfmr`sc s`fscr guxnlngr t`dp`rgturg #7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?>9
[`dp`rgturg C@D Qr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig
icrtcinriuntc oghc Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf ogrcdîtrnig - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
?>=
Inriuntc nfmr`sc s`fscr guxnlngr pr`snùf #?- [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?>5
Bgltg glnd`ftginùf r`lch k` tn`dpc r`gl Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
97> 9??
Qr`snùf guxnlngr
97>
?07
?
Dgft`f.
Glnd`ftginùf r`lch k` tn`dpc r`gl
9?9
9?;
200
209
0
0
0
?>0
Qr`snùf guxnlngr
Gdgrnllc
-
?>;
Inriuntc nfmr`sc s`fscr guxnlngr pr`snùf #? - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7
?52
Nfmr`sc s`fscr guxnlngr Nfstruiincf`s `sp`iäigs
;
pr`snùf
?50
Qr`snùf guxnlngr
7955
207
Iùk. Qgrp.
Inriuntc nfmr`sc s`fscr guxnlngr t`dp`rgturg #7 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c
?>5
9??
?>2
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #17
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #7 Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #10
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #0 Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
9?9
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #19
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #9 Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
9?;
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #2 -
9?0
202
0
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #12
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #? Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
997
Inriuntc inlnfkrc scl`fcnk` nfy`itcr #; Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
99?
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
99;
997
20?
0
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #1?
99?
20;
0
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #1;
99;
771
?
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Icrrn`ft` pcr k`oghc k`l vglcr fcrdgl, c inriuntc gon`rtc
9?0
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
901/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 5 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9> 995
7?2=
BDN H7>9> 9
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr k` r`lîs gii`scrncs v`eäiulc
Inriuntc icftrclgkcr k` r`lîs gii`scrncs v`eäiulc icrt` rgl`ftä - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
995
Inriuntc icftrclgkcr k` r`lîs gii`scrncs v`eäiulc icrt` rgl`ftä - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
99>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
99>
7?2=
;
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr k` r`lîs gii`scrncs v`eäiulc
9;7
291
?
Gdgrnllc
D`dcrng iglnorginùf
Qîrknkg kgtcs dùkulc k` icftrcl dctcr Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
9;7
9;?
291
79
_chc
D`dcrng iglnorginùf
Nficdpgtnonlnkgk iùknmcs `l`itrùfnig - Bu`rg iglnorginùf
9;?
iglnorginùf
9;9
2?>
7?
Gdgrnllc
Mco`rfgkcr #7
Bgllc egrkwgr` nft`rfc dùkulc k` icftrcl dctcr - Knspcsntnvc c icdpcf`ft` k`b`itucsc
907
2?>
7?
Gdgrnllc
Mco`rfgkcr #7
Glnd`ftginùf nfy`itcr`s - Knspcsntnvc c Glnd`ftginùf icdpcf`ft` k`b`itucsc
907
Glnd`ftginùf 0Rii
Inriuntc t`fsnùf k` glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #7 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
90?
952
90?
71=>
;
Gdgrnllc
9;9
952
71=>
9
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf 0Rii
Inriuntc t`fsnùf k` glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
95=
71;9
9
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf s`fscr nft`rfc
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
95=
;70
711
7
_chc
Qr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr
Oghg pr`snùf gi`nt` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
;70
;75
>=
70
Dgft`f.
Nfknigkcr gmug `f icdoustnol`
Gltc fnv`l k` gmug `f icdoustnol` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk oghg
;75
;??
777
?
Gdgrnllc
Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft`
Fnv`l r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
;??
;?0
7=0
?
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg gi`nt`
[`dp`rgturg gi`nt` dctcr nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
;?0
;?5
>=
9
Gdgrnllc
Nfknigkcr gmug `f icdoustnol`
Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr gmug `f icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf ;?5 sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
;?>
>=
;
Gdgrnllc
Nfknigkcr gmug `f icdoustnol`
Inriuntc s`fscr s`fs cr gmug `f icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
Kgtcs
;?>
;97
005
?
Gdgrnllc
Nft`rruptcr rgl`ftä p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc vglnkginùf rgl`ftä pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
;97
;9?
005
79
_chc
Nft`rruptcr rgl`ftä p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc vglnkginùf rgl`ftä pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - Bu`rg iglnorginùf
;9?
;99
71?
?
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` gkdnsnùf
;9;
2?=
?
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf
;90
711
?
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs ;99 Qîrknkg k` pct`fing snf gitnvginùf icrt` ;9; Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf gi`nt` dctcr - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
;90
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
907/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG > YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9>
BDN H7>9>
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
;;7
725
75
Gdgrnllc
Oghg t`fsnùf ogt`räg #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc Qct`fingl `lîitrnic nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk (t`fsnùf) d`kng
;;?
725
72
Gdgrnllc
Gltg t`fsnùf ogt`räg #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc Qct`fingl `lîitrnic sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk (t`fsnùf) d`kng
;;?
Gdgrnllc
Glnd`ftginùf s`fscr nft`rfc
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
;;9
Gltg pr`snùf icdoustnol` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
;;>
;;9
71;9
;
;;7
;;>
70=
1
_chc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
;07
70=
9
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
Inriuntc s`fscr`s pr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf #7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
;07
;0?
70=
;
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
Inriuntc s`fscr`s pr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf #7 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
;0?
Gdgrnllc
Icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf
[`dp`rgturg icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf 7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
;55
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc nft`rruptcr`s
Inriuntc nft`rruptcr`s snfircfnzginùf ufnkgk døltnpl` - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
;>=
Rglnkginùf nft`rruptcr v`lcinkgk nft`rd`kng ([kB) C@D - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
0?9
;55
;>=
710
79==
72
?
0?9
277
?
Gdgrnllc
Iùk. kngmfùstnic #7
0?=
=1?
9
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc - [`fsnùf
Inriuntc guxnlngr nfmr`scs/sglnkgs ? - [`fsnùf 0?= sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
0?5
>9
?
Gdgrnllc
Nft`rruptcr - Kgtc
Nft`rruptcr guxnlngr vglnkginùf pgr glt`rfgtnvc- Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
0?>
=19
9
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc - [`fsnùf
Inriuntc guxnlngr nfmr`scs/sglnkgs 9 - [`fsnùf 0?> sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
Gdgrnllc
Nft`rruptcr rgl`ftä p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc vglnkginùf rgl`ftä pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k`
Gltg pr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg
007
009
005
70=
;
72
Gdgrnllc
0?5
007
009
nfy`iinùf 7 00;
00>
05;
70=
?
70=
75
2==
9
k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
@rrcr s`fscr pr`snùf icdoustnol` - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
Gdgrnllc
mrgv`kgk d`kng Inriuntc icftrclgkcr Inriuntc r`lî dctcr k` grrgfqu` - [`fsnùf 05; k` r`lîs scl`fcnk` sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc dctcr k` grrgfqu`
Oghg pr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k`
00; 00>
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
90?/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 71 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9> 050
0>0
2==
719
BDN H7>9> ;
Icl. [`stnmc Gdgrnllc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
Inriuntc icftrclgkcr k` r`lîs scl`fcnk` Inriuntc r`lî dctcr k` grrgfqu` - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc dctcr k` grrgfqu`
050
72
Gdgrnllc
Gltg v`lcinkgk turocicdp turocicdpr`scr r`scr #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
0>0
0>2
R`lcinkgk turocicdpr`scr 7
0>2
72=
72
Gltg t`fsnùf snst`dg k` igrmg `lîitrnig - Kgtc Qct`fingl Gdgrnllc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg glt`rfgtnvc (t`fsnùf) k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
0>=
72=
75
Gdgrnllc
Oghg t`fsnùf snst`dg k` igrmg `lîitrnig Qct`fingl - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl glt`rfgtnvc (t`fsnùf) Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk mrgv`kgk d`kng d`kng
0>=
Oghg t`fsnùf snst`dg k` igrmg `lîitrnig Qct`fingl - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl glt`rfgtnvc (t`fsnùf) Glgrdg mrgv` mrgv`
0>5
0>5
72=
7
_chc
2;>
79=5
97
Dgft`f.
Nft`rvglc igdonc gi`nt` dctcr
Igdonc gi`nt` y sustntuinùf ltrc - Icfkninùf pr`s`ft`
2;>
R`lcinkgk turocicdpr`scr 7
Oghg v`lcinkgk turocicdpr`scr #7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
25=
@rrcr s`fscr prnfinpgl v`lcinkgk dctcr Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
25>
25=
719
75
Gdgrnllc
25>
7>1
?
Gdgrnllc
R`lcinkgk dctcr
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg `ftrgkg turocicdpr`scr #7
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg `ftrgkg turocicdpr`scr #7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
2>7
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg `ftrgkg turocicdpr`scr #7
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg `ftrgkg turocicdpr`scr #7 - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
2>?
2>7
2>?
2>=
2>5
=7>
77=?
77=?
7792
7792
??
9
;
9
;
9
Inriuntc s`fscr`s - [`fsnùf
Inriuntc
s`fscr`s
t`dp`rgturg
nft`rfg
@ID - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
2>=
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc s`fscr`s - [`fsnùf
Inriuntc s`fscr`s t`dp`rgturg nft`rfg @ID - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
2>5
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf içrt`r dctcr
Inriuntc pr`snùf k` purmg içrt`r dctcr - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
=7>
Gdgrnllc
Inriuntc pr`snùf k` purmg içrt`r dctcr -
=?>
=97
??
;
=?9
=
Qr`snùf içrt`r dctcr
Gdgrnllc
[`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc icrtc inriuntc oghc
=?>
Gdgrnllc
Y`fscr v`lcinkgk dctcr #?
@rrcr glnf`gdn`ftc d`içfnic `h` k` l`vgs y inmü`÷gl s`fscr`s pcsninùf/v`lcinkgk dctcr #? - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf @rrcr snfircfnzginùf pcsninùf/v`lcinkgk dctcr `h` k` l`vgs #? - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
=09
Qîrknkg kgtcs dùkulc k` icftrcl `l`itrùfnic - Icfkninùf pr`s`ft`
=0=
=09
=?9
?
Gdgrnllc
Y`fscr v`lcinkgk dctcr #?
=0=
277
97
Gdgrnllc
Mco`rfgkcr `l`itrùfnic
=97
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
909/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 7 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY 77 7
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9>
BDN H7>9>
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9> Y`fscr v`lcinkgk dctcr #?
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
@rrcr s`fscr v`lcinkgk dctcr (`h` k` l`vgs) - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs ==5 Nfmr`sc s`fscr Gl`rtg nfmr`sc s`fscr s`fscr `qunpcs `qunpcs guxnlngr`s # 9 ==> `qunpcs guxnlngr`s (nft`rruptcr C@D) - Igusg fc icfcinkg
==5
=?9
?
Gdgrnllc
==>
=19
77
Gdgrnllc
>07
722
?
Fnfmøf
Qct`fing inlnfkrcs
K`s`qunlnorn c k` pct`fing `ftr` inlnfkrcs K`s`qunlnornc Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
>07
777=
2?=
?
Fnfmøf
Glnd`ftginùf
Qîrknkg k` pct`fing icf gpgmgkc gitnvc Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
777=
779>
207
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 17
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #7 - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf
779>
77;7
20?
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 1?
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #? - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf
77;7
77;?
209
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 19
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #9 - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf
77;?
77;9
20;
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 1;
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #;c -bu`rg _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic r`mulginùf
77;9
77;;
200
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 10
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #0 - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf
77;;
77;0
202
=
Gdgrnllc
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr # 12
Inlnfkrc nfy`itcr #2 - _`giinùf fc icrr`itg snst`dg d`içfnic c bu`rg r`mulginùf
77;0
7?9>
?2?9
9
Gdgrnllc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr ? - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
7?9>
Gdgrnllc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
Inriuntc s`fscr pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr ? - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
7?;7
Y`fscr`s 7 y ? pcsninùf pglgfig c p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
7?;?
7?;7
?2?9
;
7?;?
>7
?
_chc
Qcsninùf p`kgl gi`l`rgkcr
7?02
7029
?
Gdgrnllc
@stgkc nfmr`sc nk`ftniginùf dùkulc k` icftrcl
@rrcr nfmr`sc nk`ftniginùf dùkulc k` icftrcl 7?02 - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs @rrcr nfmr`sc nk`ftniginùf dùkulc k` icftrcl 7?0= - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7 - Kgtc vçlnkc 7>77 p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
7?0=
7029
?
_chc
@stgkc nfmr`sc nk`ftniginùf dùkulc k` icftrcl
7>77
70=
1
Gdgrnllc
_gdpg k` nfy`iinùf
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` ? - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?777
?777
9?
9
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
?77?
0?
;
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Inriuntc s`fscr t`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` ? - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?77?
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft ` ? - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
?779
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft` ? - Kgtc vçlnkc ?77; p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
?779
0?
72
Gdgrnllc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
?77;
0?
1
_chc
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
90;/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 7? YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9>
BDN H7>9>
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9> Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft`
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
Inriuntc pr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` ? - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc ?770 Inriuntc pr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` ? - [`fsnùf ?772 nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?770
?>57
9
Gdgrnllc
?772
?>57
;
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft`
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft`
Qr`snùf r`brnm`rgft` ? - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
?77=
Inriuntc t`fsnùf glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #; - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?750 ?752
?77=
?>57
75
?750
277
9
Gdgrnllc
Iùk. kngmfùstnic #7
?752
277
;
Gdgrnllc
Iùk. kngmfùstnic #7
Inriuntc t`fsnùf glnd`ftginùf s`fscr`s #; - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
Y`fscr `qunpcs
Nfmr`sc s`fscr `qunpcs guxnlngr`s 9 Qrct`iinùf dctcr irätnig - Nfstruiincf` Nfstruiincf`s s
guxnlngr`s Qr`snùf k` k`sigrmg icdoustnol`
`sp`iäigs Qr`snùf k` k`sigrmg ocdog icdoustnol` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng Qr`snùf k` k`sigrmg ocdog icdoustnol` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
??72
?7>0
??70
=19
>;
7;
75
_chc
Gdgrnllc
?7>0 ??70
??72
>;
7
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` k`sigrmg icdoustnol`
??7=
291
97
Gdgrnllc
D`dcrng iglnorginùf
Icrrupinùf d`dcrng (_GD) prcmrgdg @ID - Icfkninùf pr`s`ft`
??7=
??;>
70=
7
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7
Qr`snùf rgdpg k` nfy`iinùf 7 - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg mrgv`
??;>
Gdgrnllc
Ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc
Inriuntc s`÷gl k` icftrcl ocdog k` i`ogkc icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
??20
Gdgrnllc
Ocdog k` gogst`indn`ftc
Inriuntc s`÷gl k` icftrcl ocdog k` i`ogkc icdoustnol` - [`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
??22
Kcsnigkcr k` icdoustnol` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
??>?
Icfsudc kcsnigkcr k` icdoustnol` nfb`rncr g lc pr`vnstc - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc nfb`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk d`kng
??>9
??20
??22
71=0
71=0
9
;
??>?
277
72
Gdgrnllc
Kcsnigkcr k` icdoustnol`
??>9
277
75
Gdgrnllc
Kcsnigkcr k` icdoustnol`
?977
299
97
Gdgrnllc
Rçlvulg r`mulgkcrg icdoustnol` #7
@rrcr inriuntc gitugkcr k` icftrcl icdoustnol` #7 - Icfkninùf pr`s`ft`
?977
?9?7
7>1
?
Fnfmøf
R`lcinkgk dctcr
Y`fscr pcsninùf/v`lcinkgk dctcr #7 - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
?9?7
Y`fscr v`lcinkgk
Y`fscr pcsninùf/v`lcinkgk dctcr #? - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs _ntdc igdonc v`lcinkgk turocicdpr`scr fc icrr`itc - _ntdc k` igdonc v`lcinkgk gfcrdgl
?9??
=?9
?
Fnfmøf
dctcr #?
?9;0
719
71
Gdgrnllc
R`lcinkgk turocicdpr`scr 7
?9?? ?9;0
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
900/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 79 YNY[@DG KNGMFÙY[NIC I PDDNFY
LNY[G GLG_DGY @YQG×CL
Iùk. YQF @rrcr H7>9> ?9;2
?9;=
?92?
?929
?=5>
?2?>
71=?
71=9
BDN H7>9> 70
70
;
;
Icl. [`stnmc
K`sirnpinùf YQF H7>9>
K`sirnpinùf Iuddnfs
Iùk. Qgrp.
Fnfmøf
Iùk. Ynst`dg Kngmfùstnic #7
[`dp`rgturg `f `ftrgkg turocicdpr`scr (igliulgkg) - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk oghg
Fnfmøf
Iùk. Ynst`dg Kngmfùstnic #7
[`dp`rgturg `f sglnkg turocicdpr`scr (igliulgkg) - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk oghg
Gdgrnllc
Yglnkg br`fc icdpr`snùf dctcr #7
Inriuntc gitugkcr br`fc dctcr #7 - [`fsnùf ?92? nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
Gdgrnllc
Yglnkg br`fc icdpr`snùf dctcr #?
Inriuntc gitugkcr br`fc dctcr #? - [`fsnùf ?929 nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc Inriuntc gitugkcr br`fc dctcr #7 - [`fsnùf ?922 sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?9;2 ?9;=
?922
71=?
9
Gdgrnllc
Yglnkg br`fc icdpr`snùf dctcr #7
?92=
71=9
9
Gdgrnllc
Yglnkg br`fc icdpr`snùf dctcr #?
Inriuntc gitugkcr br`fc dctcr #? - [`fsnùf ?92= sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
Icftrclgkcr sglnkg gicplgdn`ftc v`ftnlgkcr
Inriuntc k` icftrcl v`ftnlgkcr - [`fsnùf ?9== sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?9==
2;=
9
Gdgrnllc
?95;
2;7
;
Gdgrnllc
[urocicdpr`scr k` Inriuntc icftrclgkcr gitugkcr RM[ - [`fsnùf ?95; m`cd`träg vgrngol` nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?950
2;7
9
Gdgrnllc
[urocicdpr`scr k` Inriuntc icftrclgkcr gitugkcr RM[ - [`fsnùf ?950 m`cd`träg vgrngol` sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?000
=?>
9
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr igl`ftgkcr gnr` `f `ftrgkg #7
Inriuntc igl`ftgkcr gnr` `f `ftrgkg #7 - [`fsnùf sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
Icftrclgkcr
Inriuntc igl`ftgkcr gnr` `f `ftrgkg #7 -
?000
?002
?002
=?>
;
Gdgrnllc
igl`ftgkcr gnr` `f `ftrgkg #7
[`fsnùf nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc icrt cinriuntc oghc
?00=
2>=
9
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr Q]D guxnlngr #7
Icftrclgkcr Q]D guxnlngr #7 - [`fsnùf ?00= sup`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc gltc
?005
2>=
;
Gdgrnllc
Icftrclgkcr Q]D guxnlngr #7
Icftrclgkcr Q]D guxnlngr #7 - [`fsnùf ?005 nfb`rncr gl vglcr fcrdgl, c icrtcinriuntc oghc
?>29
771
70
Fnfmøf
[`dp`rgturg r`brnm`rgft`
Gltg t`dp`rgtu t`dp`rgturg rg r`brnm`rgft` r`brnm`rgft` - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk oghg
?>29
?>2;
710
70
Fnfmøf
[`dp`rgturg icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf #7
?>=9
71?
?
Gdgrnllc
Qr`snùf k` gkdnsnùf
Gltg t`dp`rgtu t`dp`rgturg rg icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf - Kgtc vçlnkc p`rc sup`rncr g gligfi` øtnl - Glgrdg k` mrgv`kgk oghg
?>2;
Inriuntc s`fscr pr`snùf icl`itcr k` gkdnsnùf ?>=9 - Kgtcs nfice`r`ft`s, coscl`tcs c nf`xgitcs
PD;20179/Y _`v.7
Y_-91
902/902
PDDNFY - Q ÇMNFG 7; YNY[@DG KNÇMFCY[NIC I PDDNFY
@YQG×CL
Qçmnfg nft`fincfgld`ft` vgiäg
