Physics Project

PHYSICS PROJECT On Determinat Determ ination ion Of  refractive index of  Different Liquid using a o!!o" #rism$

PROJECT PREP%RED &Y' (RID)L &H%SI*+II & Session ' ,-./0,-.1 &oard2s Ro!! *um3er ' Ha##4 (ode! Scoo!

CERTI5IC%TE Tis is ere34 to certif4 tat6 te origina! origina! and genuine investigation "or7 as 3een carried out to investigate a3out te su38ect matter and te re!ated data co!!ection and investigation as 3een com#!eted so!e!46 sincere!4 and satisfactori!4 satisfactori!4 34 (RID)L of CL%SS +II &6 Ha##4 (ode! Scoo! Scoo! 6 regarding re garding is #ro8ect tit!ed 9Determination Of refractive index index of Different Liquid using a o!!o" #rism:$

Teacer2s Signature

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%##aratus

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Teor4

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Procedure

1$

O3servations

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Diagrams

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Ca!cu!ations B =ra#s

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Precautions

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&i3!iogra#4

Page *o$

O&JECTIES'  To

stud4

te

variation

of

te

ang!e

of  

deviation "it te ang!e of incidence using Ho!!o" =!ass Prism and to determine te ang!e of minimum deviation$

 To find out te refractive index of various !iquids using a Ho!!o" Prism$

I*TROD)CTIO*' Tis #ro8ect is of Investigator4 T4#e$ In tis #ro8ect6 a o!!o" #rism as 3een used to ca!cu!ate te refractive index of various !iquids$ Te o!!o" #rism is fi!!ed "it !iquid and ten te ex#eriment is #erformed$

%PP%R%T)S'

 

Dra"ing &oard

Ho!!o" =!ass Prism



Seet of Pa#er 

 =ra# Pa#er 

 Protractor 

 Dra"ing Pins

 %!! Pins

 Penci!

THEORY' Refraction ' In a omogenous medium6 !igt trave!s a!ong a straigt !ine6 3ut "enever it fa!!s on a surface of  anoter medium6 a ver4 sma!! fraction of it is ref!ected 3ac7 and most of te !igt #asses into te medium6 toug "it a cange of direction$ Tis #enomenon of te 3ending of !igt at te surface of  se#aration of te t"o medium is ca!!ed refraction of  !igt$

Causes of refraction Tis #enomenon of refraction ta7es #!ace "en a 3eam of !igt enters a medium in "ic !igt enters a medium in "ic !igt trave!s "it a different ve!ocit4$

La"s Of Refraction .$

Te incident ra46 te refracted and te norma! to

te surface at te #oint of incidence !ie on te same #!ane$ ,$

5or an4 t"o given media6 te ratio of te sine of 

te ang!e of incidence to te ang!e of refraction is a constant6 "ere it is te ang!e of incidence and is te ang!e of refraction$

(edium' Te surrounding su3stance troug "ic te !igt trave!s$  5or a monocromatic !igt6 te ratio of te sine of  te ang!e of incidence to te sine of ang!e of  refraction is a constant for an4 t"o given media$ If  I2 is te ang!e of incidence6 and r2 is te ang!e of  refraction6 tenF

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*o" #!ace te #rism on se#arate seet of 

#a#er or on te same seet at a suita3!e #!ace and trace its triangu!ar 3oundar4 "it a sar# #enci!$ (easure te ang!e %6 of te triang!e so traced "it te e!# of #rotractor$ $ ta3!e$

Record 4our o3servation in o3servation

P!otting of gra# 3et"een i  D$ P!ot a gra# 3et"een ang!e i and D for various sets of va!ues recorded in te o3servation ta3!e$

Precautions .$

% sar# #enci! sou!d 3e used for dra"ing te 3oundar4 of te #rism$

,$

Te se#aration 3et"een te #ins sou!d not 3e !ess tan A cm$

>$ ?$

Te ang!e of incidence sou!d !ie 3et"een >-0?/$ Te same and #rism sou!d 3e used for a!! o3servations$ So an in7 mar7 sou!d 3e #!aced on it to distinguis it as a #rism$

/$

refracting ang!e % of te

Te #ins sou!d ave sar# ti#s and fixed vertica!!4 and te #in #ric7s sou!d 3e encirc!ed immediate!4 after te4 are removed$

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Pro#er arro" sou!d 3e dra"n to indicate te incident6 te refracted and te emergent ra4s$

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% smoot curve #assing #ractica!!4 troug a!! te #!otted #oints sou!d 3e dra"n$

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RES)LT

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Te ang!e of deviation D first decrease "it te increase in te ang!e o#0of incidence6 attains a minimum va!ue and ten increase "it furter  increase in ang!e of incidence$

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