PHASMIDS-4

PHASMIDS 4- Nematodes 

ROUNDWORMS

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MOSR ABUNDANT animals on earth

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Typically bilaterally symmetrical, tapered at both ends ,elongated

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Blastocoel  body cavity

 Angiostrongylus  Angiostrongylus cantonensis cantonensis RAT LUNG WORM “Parastrongylus cantonensis” HUMAN EOSINOPHILIC MENINGOENCEPHALITIS Other type:  Angiostrongylus costaricensis “ILEUM” -Eosinophilic enteritis Incidental host: MAN Intermediate host: snails/ slugs Paratenic host: crabs/ freshwater shrimps/ raw veggies LUNGS

Gnathostoma spirigerum

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HABITAT MORPHOLOGY

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BARBER’S POLE APPEARANCE around blood filled intestines

 uterus coils

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Incidental host: MAN 1st  Intermediate host: crustacean 2nd Intermediate host: fish/frog/snake Paratenic host: birds/ snakes/ frogs Definitive host: pigs/ cats/ dogs/ wild animals

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 ADULT

MALES  

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SMALLER posterior end: blunt born shape

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FEMALES LARGER Small copulatory bursa at post.end bent ventrally  

TRANS BY: LOMJA

TRANS BY: LOMJA

Dracunculus medinensis 

STOMACH? Bare portion Outer shell: pitted Post.tip: numerous, tiny cuticular spines Stout and pink Distinct bulb covered by row of hooks Ant.half: covered by rows of flat/ toothed spines spines (tridented/  (tridented/ lead like spines)

GUINEA WORM “FIRING SERPENT WORM”

Intermediate host host: cyclops/ copepods Definitive host: human/ wolves/ horses/ cows/ leopards/ monkey/ baboons

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INTESTINES

EMERGENT WORMS: - Severe pain - Allergic reaction - Blisters NON- EMERGENT WORMS - Arthritis - Cellulitis - Necrosis - Calcification of worm  Signs and symptoms: - slight fever - itchy rash - vomiting and diarrhea complications:

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EGGS

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Hatch in the LUNGS

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Ovoid Single polar thickening or mucus plug L3 MIGRATION

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Cutaneous Larva Migrans

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PATHOGENESIS

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Eosinophilic meningitis Oculat invasion

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Also in HOOKWORMS Intermittent ,migratory, painful pruritic swellings  MIGRATING EDEMA

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cellulitis boils lock jaw infection (sepsis) joint infection

Painful Ulcer with inflammation 2’ bacterial infection Sterile absess Joint pains Arthritis Ruptured blister (whitish filament) NTD’S (neglected tropical dse)

1-3weeks

Viceral Larva Migrans -

DIAGNOSIS

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TREATMENT

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CSF: inc pressure, proteins, leukocyte, eosinophils, low sugar Larva in CSF rare Biopsy/ surgical Presence of granulomas No DOC may use THIABENDAZOLE Analgesic/ anti-inflammatory

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Also in TOXOCARA Cough/ hematuria/ ocular involvement - Eosinophilic meningitis - Myeloencephalitis Leukocytosis with high eosinophilia Removal of ID worm Intradermal test Excision biopsy Surgery ALBENDAZOLE IVERMECTIN

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INFECTIVE STAGE DIAGNOSTIC STAGE TRANS BY: LOMJA

L3 larvae

TRANS BY: LOMJA

L3 larvae

May be difficult before worm emerges Calcified dead worm on xrays Fluid discharge: rhabditiform larvae Now serologic tests THIABENDAZOLE METRONIDAZOLE Local cleasning Immerse foot Extract worm Bandage

L3 larvae