Pharmacology Mnemonics

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects, contraindications, interactions HMG-CoA: · Side effects: Hepatotoxicity Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis] · Contraindications: Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children · Interactions: Coumarin/ Cyclosporine Antiarrhythmics: class III members BIAS: Bretylium Ibutilide Amiodarone Sotalol Beta-blockers: main contraindications, cautions ABCDE: Asthma Block (heart block) COPD Diabetes mellitus Electrolyte (hyperkalemia) Clopidogrel: use CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents CLots, an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OPI). Amiodarone: action, side effects 6 P's: Prolongs action potential duration Photosensitivity Pigmentation of skin Peripheral neuropathy Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis

Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism

Beta blockers: members "The NEPAL Prime Minister": Timolol Nadolol Esmolol Pindolol Atenolol Labetalol Propranolol Metoprolol Ca++ channel blockers: uses CA++ MASH: Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF Angina Migranes Atrial flutter, fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia Hypertension · Alternatively: "CHASM": Cererbral vasospasm / CHF Hypertension Angina Suprventricular tachyarrhythmia Migranes Beta-blockers: nonselective beta-blockers "Tim Pinches His Nasal Problem" (because he has a runny nose...): Timolol Pindolol Hismolol Naldolol Propranolol

Antiarrhythmics: classification I to IV MBA College· In order of class I to IV: Membrane stabilizers (class I) Beta blockers Action potential widening agents Calcium channel blockers Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action, monitoring EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa. Monitor Xa concentration, rather than APTT

SIDE EFFECTS Mnemonics For Side Effects...!! ACEI, Side Effects CAPTOPRIL Cough, anaphylaxis, palpitations, taste, orthostatic ↓BP, Potassium (↑K+), Renal impairment, impotence, leucocytosis

Anti-epileptic side Effects ABCDEFGH Ataxia, blood dyscrasia, cleft lip, dupuytrens / vit D def,

exfoliation of skin & Stevens Johnson’s. Fits, GI upset / gum hypertrophy, hepatitis / hairy

Barbiturate side Effects ABCD Ataxia, behavioural disturbance, ↓concentration / coma, depression / drowsy / diplopia Cholinergic OD side Effects DUMB BELS Diarrhoea, Urination, Miosis / muscle weakness, bronchorrea Bradycardia, emesis, lacrimation, salivation / sweating Cyclosporin Side Effects 4HRT 4H - Hyper K+, hypertension, gum hypertrophy, hairy R – Renal toxicity T - Tremor

Digoxin S/E GECCKO GIT – n&v, abdo pain, ulcers Eyes – blurring, halo, xanthopsia

CNS – depression, confusion, delirium, hallucinations Cardiac – ANY arrhythmia K - low MAOI side Effects 3Hs Hepatocellular jaundice, Hyperthermia, hypertension TCAD side Effects CAN WOO Cvs, Anticholinergic, Neuro, Withdrawal, Overdose, Others

Steroids Side Effects HIGH COMPACT IMPS Hypertension, Immunosuppression, Gastric Ulcer (bleeding), Heartburn Cataract, Osteoporosis, Muscle weakness, Path # / Psychosis, Acne / Altered Glucose, Cushingoid, Thin skin Increased appetite, Myopathy, poor wound healing, stress response reduced

Or AM CUSHINGOID Acne, Myopathy (prox) / muscle wasting (prox) Cushingoid / Cataract, Ulcers, Striae, skin thin (bruising), Hypertension / hairy, Infection, Glycosuria, Obesity / Osteoporosis / Oedema, Immunosuppression / Insomnia, Depression