Pharmacology- Drug Cards (Index Cards)

Lab Values Hematocrit (packed cell Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN) 5-23 mg/ 100mL

Creatinine 0.6-1.5 mg / 100mL

Carbon dioxide content 24-32 mEq/L

PCO2 35-43 mmHg

PO2

75-100 mmHg (breathing room air)

PH

7.35-7.45

volume PCV) Female= 38%-47% Male= 40%-54%

Hemoglobin Female= 12-16g / 100mL Male=13-18g/100 mL Newborn 14-20g/ 100mL

Iron 50-150 mcg/100mL

Platelet count

150,000-400,000/mm3

Red blood cell count Female 4.2-5.4 million/mm3 Male 4.5-6.2 million/mm3

White blood cell count 4500-11,000/mm3

Neutrophills

60%-70% of total

Lab Values (con’t) Albumin

Potassium

3.5-5g/100mL

3.8-5.1mEq/L

Creatinine

Specific Gravity

0.6-1.5mg/100mL

1.058

70-110mg/1oomL(fasting)

8.4-10.5mg/100mL

Coagulation time (glass tube)

Cholesterol total

Glucose

Calcium 120-220mg/100mL

5-15 Min.

High-density cholesterol

136-145 mEq/L

Low-density cholesterol

Chloride

40mg/100mL

Drug Therapy: Insulin Preparation, Time Course of Action INSULIN TYPE

APPEARAN CE

ONSET

PEAK

DURATION

RAPIDACTING Humalog

Clear Clear

1-2 hours 1-2 hours

3-4 hours

NovoLog

< 15 minutes 65 years old could have more side effects *Impairs alertness, DO NOT drink until you know how medicine affects you *Avoid ETOH & other meds that slows your actions/reactions *Obtain: BP, HR, respiratory rate, pain rating *Reassess pain: oral  30-60 minutes IM/IV check every 1520 minutes *Hold: if respiratory rate less than 10, significant change in HR, significant drop in BP (systolic < 100) *Monitor bowel movements, watch for constipation

Tylenol #3 Pg. 1347

(30 mg Codeine / 300mg Acetaminophen) ACTION • Attach to the many different receptor sites to produce the analgesic, sedative and euphoric effect USES • Moderate  severe pain ADVERSE REACTIONS *Constipation *lightheadedness, CNS sedation, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sweating, respiratory depression CONTRAINIDICATIONS *Patients with acute bronchial asthma, emphysema, or upper airway obstruction; patients with head injury or increased intracranial pressure. Not recommended in pregnancy or labor  travels through to placenta to baby *Cautiously used in elderly, patients who are opioid

naïve, lactating woman, patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain INTERACTIONS

Drug: Alcohol, antihistamines, antidepressants, sedatives, phenothiazines  increased risk CNS depression Opioid agonist-antagonist opioid withdrawal symptoms, inhibits all receptors causing withdrawal Barbiturates  resp. depression, hypotension, sedation Herbal: Passion flower (sometimes mixed in teas with chamomile & hops) used for relaxation, rest & sleep; in large doses may cause CNS depression

NURSING PRECAUTIONS

*Obtain: BP, HR, respiratory rate, pain rating *Reassess pain: oral  30-60 minutes IM/IV check every 15-20 minutes *Hold: if respiratory rate less than 10, significant change in HR, significant drop in BP (systolic < 100) *Monitor bowel movements, watch for constipation *Monitor daily Tylenol levels and PRN Tylenol usage

Fentanyl Pg. 540 & 542 (Patch , IV, IM, Buccal & Lozenge)

*Geriatric: drug should be titrated to appropriate analgesic effect *May be taken with food *Excess ETOH may increase risk of acetaminophen-induced hepatoxicity, avoid/limit