PGO-MEMB-161-06 Soldadura Por Extrusora Manual Rev.0

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

 

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

öcodk   öcodk ]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524 Uâdogb 2 cl =5

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

U]KFLCO@OLGSK VKICBC\]B UK] LQS]\VK]B @BG\BI FK@UBÒOB FKGS]BFS\BI @OGL]B FBGCLIB]OB, FF@F SVH FKGS]BSK GµFF523 V\@OGOVS]K L OGVSBIBFOÖG DLK@L@M]BGBV @\]K V\] FF@F

Hor`b Gk`mrl

Fbrdk

Hlfab

Libmkrb

Hlrgbgck Alrgâgclz  Alrgâgclz 

Jlhl Slrrlgk

21-25-=524

H AH

]lvosb

]kcrodk Fbstoiik Hikrls

Bc`ogostrbckr cl Kmrb

2?-25-=524

]

H

 Bprulmb

]kcrodk Fbstoiik Hikrls

Bc`ogostrbckr cl Kmrb

2?-25-=524

]

H

Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb 2 cl =5 

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

 

2

öcodk   öcodk

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb = cl =5

Kmjltovk

Lgtrldbr ogstruffokgls, pbrb iilvbr b fbmk ib ugoög y rlpbrbfoög cl pbglils cl Dlk`l`mrbgb `lcobgtl li sostl`b cl Vkicbcurb Vkicbcurb cl lxtrusoög. Fu`pior fkg iks lstâg lstâgcbrls cbrls lstbmilfocks lstbmilfocks lg li fkgtrbtk FF523 b ljlfutbrsl bi ogtlrokr cl iks rlfogtks cl FK@UBÒÀB FKGS]BFS\BI @OGL]B FBGCLIB]OB FF@F SVH pbrb slr bpiofbck lg tkcbs ibs ltbpbs cli Urkylftk, ’Vu`ogostrk l Ogstbibfoög dlk`l`mrbgb @urk Vur‐ cl bfulrck b iks rlqulro`olgtks cl gulstrk fiolgtl  fiolgtl  =

Bifbgfl Vkicbcurbs pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi. Bpiofbmils b tkcks iks trbmbjks cl skicbcurb cl Dlksogtïtofks.

6

]lspkgsbmoiocbcls

6.2 Bc`ogostrbckr cl Hblgb hrlgtl b Vum-Dlrlgfob Vum-Dlrlgfob cl Vustlgtbmoiocbc cl @l`mrbgtlf @l`mrbgtlf V.B. pkr ib rlbiozbfoög cli fkgtrki fkgtrki y   ]lspkgsbmil hrlgtl bsldurb`olgtk cl fbiocbc y ib fkrrlftb ljlfufoög cli prkflco`olgtk.   Lgtrldbr iks rlfursks pbrb ib fkrrlftb ljlfufoög cli prlslgtl prkflco`olgtk.   Fkgtrkibr qul iks trbmbjks sl lhlftúlg clgtrk cl ibs lsplfohofbfokgls lstbmilfocbs. pbrb li usk bclfubck cl iks lil`lgtks cl prktlffoög, lquopks,   abflr fu`pior ibs gkr`bs lstbmilfocbs pbrb alrrb`olgtbs y `btlrobils. plrtoglgtls lg fbsk cl gk fu`pio`olgtk cl lstl prkflco`olgtk y cl   Ls li lgfbrdbck cl tk`br ibs `lcocbs plrtoglgtls rltorbr cli ârlb b tkck plrskgbi qul gk fu`pib fkg iks rlquosotks lstbmilfocks pkr @l`mrbgtlf y/k fiolgtl. 6.= Ulrskgbi cl Fkgtrkibckr cl Fbiocbc           

Cbr li fkrrlftk usk b tkcks iks lquopks cl fkgtrki cl fbiocbc cospulstks pbrb pbrb li prkylftk lg fulstoög. Iilvbr rldostrk cl ib rlbiozbfoög cl iks fkgtrkils b iks lquopks cl lgsbyls. Cbr Fu`pio`olgtk y slduo`olgtk bi `ulstrlk lg skicbcurb. li pibg cl ogsplffoög y lgsbyl. ]lpkrtbr tkck topk cl hbiibs hbiibs y clsvobfokgls lg lstbmilfock li prkflsk prkflsk cl Abflr trbzbmoiocbc lg hkr`b cobrob cl iks trbmbjks v/s rldostrks libmkrbcks. Libmkrbr lg fkgjugtk fkg ib suplrvosoög y skicbckrls skicbckrls li bgâiosos bgâiosos cl pugtks frotofk cl ogstbibfoög, bgtls cl iks ogofok cl iks trbmbjks

6.6 Vkicbckrls  

]lbiozbr tkcb tkcb tbrlb k bftovocbc cl skicbcurbs cl ibs Dlk`l`mrbgb, cl bfulrck b ik lstbmilfock lstbmilfock lg li prlslgtl prkflco`olgtk.   Cbr fu`pio`olgtk bi prkdrb`b cl `bgtlgfoög prlvlgtovb cl lquopk.  hbiibs y clsvobfokgls lg li prkflsk cl cl skicbcurb. skicbcurb.   ]lpkrtbr tkck topk cl hbiibs

Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb = cl =5 

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi  

Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

öcodk   öcodk

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb 6 cl =5

6.< Vuplrvosoög    

Covuidbr b govli govli cl cl fbpbtbfls fbpbtbfls y plrskgbi kplrbtovk li fkgtlgock fkgtlgock cli prkflco`olgtk. prkflco`olgtk. Vkiofotbr, pibgohofbr y bc`ogostrbr cl `bglrb lhofolgtl iks rlfursks bsodgbcks b ib bftovocbc.

   

Xlrohofbr ib slòbiozbfoög slòbiozbfoög bclfubcb bclfubcb y li fkrrlftk usk cl iks lil`lgtks lil`lgtks cl prktlffoög plrskgbi. @ktovbr bi plrskgbi plrskgbi kplrbtovk kplrbtovk pbrb ib rlbiozbfoög rlbiozbfoög cl sus bftovocbcls bftovocbcls lg lg hkr`b sldurb, fkg fbiocbc fbiocbc y prktldolgck li @lcok B`molgtl.   Bsldurbrsl cl ib rlvosoög, ogtlrprltbfoög y bpiofbfoög cl ik ogcofbck lg iks pibgks.   Fk`ugofbr ibs ogtlrhlrlgfobs k `kcohofbfokgls qul lxostbg lg li ârlb cl trbmbjk.   Bgbiozbr iks rolsdks ogvkiufrbcks, oghkr`br bi jlhl cl prlvlgfoög cl rolsdks y lstbmilflr sus `lcocbs cl fkgtrki. 3

Ckfu`lgtks Bpiofbmils

     

@bgubi VOD@L@M @D-@L@M-52. BVS@ C336? ‖ 23 Slr`ogkikdàb lstâgcbr pbrb Dlksogtïtofks. BVS@ C86?= - 2= @ïtkck cl prulmb lstâgcbr lstâgcbr pbrb cltlr`ogbr ib og ogtldrocbc tldrocbc cl iks gk rlhkrzbcks rlhkrzbcks Dlk`l`mrbgb fksturbs prkcuforsl soduolgck iks `ïtkcks tlr`k-husoög. D@26/23 - Slst @ltakcs, Slst Urkplrtols bgc Slstogd Hrlqulgfy hkr Aoda Clgsoty   D]O Slst @ltakc D@26/23

 

Ukiyltayilgl Ukiyltay ilgl (ACUL) V`kkta bgc Slxturlc Dlk`l`mrbgls. D]O Slst @ltakc @lta kc D@2?/26 Vlb` Vtrlgdta bgc ]libtlc Urkplrtols kh Salr`biiy Mkgclc Mkgclc Ukiykilhog Ukiykilhog Dlk`l`mrbgls.

 

Duob cl lstâgcbr fkgtrki cl hbtbiocbcls hbtbio cbcls FF@F.

 

U@Brd55= @bgubi cl mulgbs prâftofbs B`molgtbils.  B`molgtbils. 

 

U@Brd558 @bgubi cl mulgbs prâftofbs cl mokcovlrsocbc  mokcovlrsocbc 

 

U@Brd552 @bgljk cl ]lsocuks Vöiocks.  Vöiocks.  

<

Slr`ogkikdàb

Iks tïr`ogks usbcks lg lstb lsplfohofbfoög tlgcrâg li sodgohofbck ogcofbck b fkgtogubfoög, b `lgks qul sl ogcoqul fibrb`lgtl ktrb fksb sldúg li fkgtlxtk cl su usk.          

       

Fiolgtl, @bgcbgtl: ]lprlslgtbgtl cli Urkylftk bgtl ib Fk`pbòàb Fk`pbòàb: @bgcbgtl k Culòk Dlglrbi cli Urkylftk. Fkgtrkibckr cl Fbiocbc: ]lhoïrbsl bi plrskgbi lgfbrdbck lgfbrdbck cl ljlfutbr, fkgtrkibr y ckfu`lgtbr ckfu`lgtbr iks lgsbyls rlbiozbcks lg tlrrlgk. Fupkglrb: Lquopk `bgubi, `bgubi, cl fkrtl, li fubi plr`otl kmtlglr `ulstrbs cl Dlk`l`mrbgb cl ug tb`bòk cltlr`ogbck. ACUL: Dlk`l`mrbgb Dlk`l`mrbgb cl pkioltoilgk cl bitb clgsocbc, hkr`uibcb fkg lsplfohofbfokgls pbrb pbrb fkgcofokgls lxpulstbs. \sbcb pbrb rlvlsto`olgtks, bpiofbfokgls lg `oglràb ckgcl ik rlqulrock ls curbfoög y rlsostlgfob quà`ofb. Ogstbibckr: Lgfbrdbck cl Ogstbibr y Bsldurbr ib fkgstruffoög fkg Dlksogtïtofks. OSK (Ogsplftkr (Ogsplftkr cl Slrrlgk): ]lhoïrbsl ]lhoïrbsl bi rlprlslgtbgtl cli fiolgtl fiolgtl lg iks bsugtks bsugtks tïfgofks cli prkylftk. prkylftk. IICUL: Dlk`l`mrbgb cl cl pkioltoilgk pkioltoilgk ioglbi ioglbi cl mbjb clgsocbc clgsocbc hkr`uibcb hkr`uibcb fkg fbrbftlràstofbs cl ogfrl`lgtk ogfrl`lgtk cl ib likgdbfoög cli `btlrobi Urkvllckr: Hbmrofbgtl cl iks `btlrobils fkgvlgocks lg ib ogstbibfoög. Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb 6 cl =5 

 

öcodk   öcodk

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

   

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb 3 cl =5

 

Urulmb Ogofobi: lgsbyl qul qul sl rlbiozb bgtls cl utoiozbr utoiozbr ibs `âquogbs `âquogbs lg li prkflsk fkgstruftovk, fkgstruftovk, pbrb vlrohofbr su fkrrlftk hugfokgb`olgtk. Urulmb Clstruftovb: tlstlk qul sl rlbiozb b ibs iàglbs cl skicbcurb lg ugb Dlk`l`mrbgb Ogstbibcb. Slgsoö`ltrk: Lquopk Lquopk butk`btozbck, butk`btozbck, qul `lcobgtl ug tkrgoiik sog hog y ug sostl`b cl bdbrrl pkr `lcok cl `krcbzbs, plr`otl fkgkflr cbtks rlibfokgbcks fkg ib rlsostlgfob cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb y ib Vkicbcurb. Lxtruskrb @bgubi: @bgubi: @âquogb @âquogb Slr`khusokgbckrb qul fkgstb cl ugb lxtruskrb `bgubi y ugb ugb postkib cl borl fbiolgtl. Cospkgl bcl`âs cl ug plrfutkr qul plr`otl bi skicbckr fkrtbr ug fkrcög cl lxtrusoög fubgck slb glflsbrok. Cospkgl tb`moïg cl ugb tbrjltb fkgtrkibckrb cl tl`plrbturbs. Fuòb Sïr`ofb: @âquogb @âquogb Slr`khusokgbckrb Slr`khusokgbckrb qul fkgstb cl ugb fuòb cl fkmrl, ib fubi fu`pil ib ibmkr cl fbilgtbr li `btlrobi b husokgbr. Lg su pbrtl trbslrb cospkgl cl cks rkcoiiks qul bpiofbrâg ib prlsoög skmrl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb yb fbilgtbcb. Lstb `âquogb lstâ rlduibcb `lcobgtl ugb tbrjltb, ib fubi `bgljb iks vbikrls cl tl`plrbturb y vlikfocbc qul slrâg ogdrlsbcks pkr li kplrbckr `lcobgtl ug pbgli cl fkgtrki. @bgö`ltrk: Lquopk cl `lcofoög qul plr`otl fkgkflr ib prlsoög cl borl lxostlgtl lg ug lspbfok sliibck. @bgö`ltrk:

8

Lquopks y Alrrb`olgtbs

     

 

8.2. ]lpulstks, Alrrb`olgtbs, Lquopks cl bpkyk, Ogsu`ks. ]lpulstks:   Akjb cl fufaoiik topk fkrvk. 

Alrrb`olgtbs:   Fufaoiik rltrâftoi fkrtbgtl   Juldk cl iibvls BIILG   Biofbtl fkrtbgtl   Biofbtl ugovlrsbi Ogsu`ks:   Iâpoz `brfbckr cl `ltbi   Cosfks cl Iojb cl costogtbs Drbguik`ltràbs   Bpkrtl cl skicbcurb   Lxtlgsokgls liïftrofbs 







Lquopks cl Bpkyk:   Lxtruskrb tïr`ofb   Ls`lroi Bgduibr cl 3‐2/=    Uostkib cl borl fbiolgtl (ILOVSL]) 













8.=. Lil`lgtks cl prktlffoög plrskgbi. Lquopks cl prktlffoög plrskgbi mâsofk:   Fbsfk cl sldurocbc   Ilgtls cl sldurocbc   Fbizbck cl sldurocbc   Dubgtls cl fbmrotoiib   Fabilfk dlkikdk rlhilftbgtl   Urktlftkr Vkibr 



 

Lquopks cl prktlffoög plrskgbi lsplfàhofk:   ]lsporbckr ckmil vàb. (Vo b`lrotb)  b`lrotb)    Brgïs cl sldurocbc  sldurocbc    Fkib cl vocb  vocb    Fbrrk-butkrltrbftoi  Fbrrk-butkrltrbftoi  











4

Bftovocbcls cli Urkflco`olgtk

4.2 Vodgohofbck y \sk  

Ib Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtrusoög, sl utoiozb lg hblgbs qul qul rlquolrlg ib ugoög cl pbglils k lg ib hbmrofbfoög cl pbrfals.

Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb 3 cl =5 

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi  

Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

öcodk   öcodk

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb < cl =5

4.= ]lsu`lg cli @ïtkck cl Srbmbjk tl`plrbturb b`molgtl y bi topk y   Ukr `lcok cl ugb Lxtruskrb, ib fubi lstbrâ fbiomrbcb cl bfulrck b ib tl`plrbturb lsplskr cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, ugorl`ks cks lxtrl`ks cl pbglils, lstk ls, b `lcocb qul li skicbckr bvbgzb b trbvïs cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, ib lxtruskrb vb bdrldbgck `btlrobi lg ib ugoög cl ibs cks  

Dlk`l`mrbgbs, li fubi bi lghrobrsl iks cks lxtrl`ks Li `btlrobi cl bpkrtl rlqulrock lg cljbrâ ibs lxtruskrbs clml slrugocks fk`pbtomil fkg ibs Dlk`l`mrbgb b skicbr, lstbr io`pok, slfk y sog fkgtb`ogbr. Bcl`âs clml tlglr flrtohofbfoög cl fbiocbc cli hbmrofbgtl.

4.6 Ubrtls cli lquopk Hodurb Gº2: Fk`pkglgtls cli Lquopk

Hodurb Gº=: Fk`pkglgtls cli Lquopk

Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb ib rlibfoög lgtrl b`mbs tl`plrbturbs gk ls fkgstbgtl go lxbftb pkr ik qul clml slr vlrohofbcb `ocolgck ib tl`plrbturb rlbi cli lxtruock fkg ug tlr`ö`ltrk cl fkgtbftk fubgck abybg cucbs cl ïstb tl`plrbturb. 

4.3.2.= Sl`plrbturb cl Fbilgtb`olgtk    

Ib tl`plrbturb cl fbilgtb`olgtk k borl fbiolgtl ls vbrobmil y sl bjustb sldúg ibs fkgcofokgls `lcokb`molgtbils y ib tl`plrbturb cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb. Ubrb ikdrbr qul sl prkcuzfb ugb skicbcurb, ls glflsbrok qul ib suplrhofol cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb qul vb b rlfomor li lxtruock lstï prlvob`lgtl fbilgtbcb. Lstk sl ikdrb `lcobgtl li lquopk cl borl fbiolgtl `kgtbck lg ib lxtruskrb, pkr ik qul sl clmlg tlglr lg fulgtb ibs soduolgtls rlfk`lgcbfokgls dlglrbils:    

 

 

Vog ugb ugb pibstohofbfoög pibs cli ârlb ârlb ugor, skicbcurb skicbcurb clhofolgtl. clhofolgtl. Curbgtl tkcktohofbfoög li prkflsk prkflsuplrhofobi sk cl skicbcurb slbclmlg cl mlgibvlrohofbr vlrohofbr cks cksslrâ fkgcofokgls fkgcofokg ls mâsofbs pbrb kmtlglr ugb skicbcurb cl ib `os`b fbiocbc lg tkcb su lxtlgsoög: cli lquopk cl borl fbiolgtl sol`prl clml lstbr lstbr umofbcb b ib   Ib mkquoiib cli `os`b costbgfob rlsplftk cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb y lg hkr`b pbrbilib b lstb. fbiolgtl clml slr fkgstbgtl skmrl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb. Li Li   Li hiujk cl borl fbiolgtl volgtk k vbrobfokgls pugtubils lg li âgduik cl ogfiogbfoög cl ib lxtruskrb pulclg prkcufor pugtks cl skicbcurb lg hràk. Ib tl`plrbturb cl fbilgtb`olgtk clml slilffokgbrsl ik `âs bitb pksomil, sog qul sl qul`l ib Dlk`l`mrbgb.   B 7 tº cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, li fbilgtb`olgtk clml slr `lgkr. ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, Dlk`l`mrbgb, 9 clml slr ib tº cl fbilgtb`olgtk. fbilgtb`olgtk.   B 9 lsplskr cl ib Ib bffoög cli volgtk cos`oguyl ib lhofolgfob cli fbilgtb`olgtk lvotbgck qul sl pibstohoqul ib Dlk`l`mrbgb. Lg lstl fbsk, ls pksomil bu`lgtbr ib tº plrk cl Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb 4 cl =5 

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

 

 

4.3.=

öcodk   öcodk

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb 1 cl =5

prlhlrlgfob sl clml umofbr ugb lstrufturb qul lvotl ib bffoög corlftb cli volgtk skmrl li ârlb cl skicbcurb. Vo ib tº cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb ls `uy bitb, sl pulcl cbr li fbsk qul gk slb glflsbrok prlfbilgtbr pkr ik qul ls rlfk`lgcbmil fkrtbr li borl fbiolgtl y cljbr hugfokgbgck söik li skpibckr pbrb `bgtlglr io`pob li ârlb b skicbr.

Xlikfocbc y Urlsoög

 

Lstbs cks vbrobmils lstâg corlftb`lgtl rlibfokgbcbs fkg fkg li coslòk cl ib fbvocbc cli zbpbtk zbpbtk cl tlhiög, tbgtk tbgtk lg hkr`b fk`k lg co`lgsokgls, y li âgduik cl ogfiogbfoög cl ib lxtruskrb. vbrobmils clmlg slr `bgljbcbs bclfubcb`lgtl pkr li skicbckr, `bgtlgolgck lg tkck tkck `k`lgtk   B`mbs vbrobmils ugb prlsoög skmrl li lquopk y brrbstrâgckik b ugb vlikfocbc tbi qul plr`otb clpksotbr ib fbgtocbc lxbftb cl lxtruock skmrl ib ugoög b skicbr. kfupbr iks zbpbtks zbpbtks krodogbils y gk utoiozbr zbpbtks zbpbtks   Ls pkr lstb rbzög qul cl prlhlrlgfob sl clmlg kfupbr `kcohofbcks k qul prlslgtlg clsdbstl lxflsovk.   Ubrb qul sl prkcuzfb ib fkrrlftb fk`mogbfoög cl prlsoög y vlikfocbc sl clmlg vlrohofbr ibs soduolgtls fkgcofokgls: (ib   \toiozbr ug zbpbtk cl tlhiög sldúg li lsplskr cli `btlrobi qul sl lstâ skicbgck (ib biturb cl ib fbvocbc cli zbpbtk clml slr = b 6 vlfls li lsplskr cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb).   Ib vlikfocbc cl bpiofbfoög cli lxtruock clml slr fkgstbgtl.   Ib ogfiogbfoög cl ib lxtruskrb clml plr`otor plr`otor qul ib slffoög trbgsvlrsbi cli fkrcög fkrcög cl skicbcurb slb odubi b ib fbvocbc cli zbpbtk fkg su fkrrlspkgcolgtl rlmbrmb. Hodurb Gº6: Biturb cli lxtruock

 

Vl clmlg tlglr prlslgtl ibs soduolgtls ogcofbfokgls:  

       

Bi ogfiogbr cl`bsobck ib lxtruskrb lxtruskrb sl prkcuforâ ug fkrcög `uy clidbck clidbck y sog rlmbrmb> ik fubi ogcofb qul ib vlikfocbc ls `uy bitb y ib prlsoög `uy mbjb. Lg fb`mok, so ib ogfiogbfoög cl ib lxtruskrb ls pkfb k fbso vlrtofbi> li fkrcög prlslgtbrâ ug lxflsk cl prlsoög y ugb vlikfocbc `uy mbjb. Ubrb posks sl clml fkgsoclrbr: B `bykr lsplskr cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, ib lxtruskrb lxtruskrb sl usb usb `âs ’pbrbcb ’k vlrtofbi. B `lgkr lsplskr lsplskr cl ib Dlk`l`mrbgb, ib lxtruskrb sl usb bidk bidk `âs ’bfkstbcb‐ k ogfiogbcb abfob ib akrozkgtbi. Ubrb skicbcurbs lg `urks, tbiucls tbiucls y foliks iks fkgflptks skg so`oibrls ckgcl ik rlilvbgtl rlilvbgtl ls qul ib slffoög cli fkrcög (hkr`b y co`lgsokgls) fkrrlspkgcb bi coslòk cl ib fbvocbc cli zbpbtk y sl ljlrzb ugb prlsoög skmrl li fkrcög qul sl lstâ rlbiozbgck. Ckfu`lgtk cl prkpolcbc cl @l`mrbgtlf V.B. Ckfu`lgtk vodlgtl ik lgfulgtrb lg hkr `btk `btk lilftrögofk ogtrbglt fk`pbòàb  fk`pbòàb   Fkpob o`prlsb, ls ckfu`lgtk gk fkgtrkibck

Uâdogb 1 cl =5 

 

Urkflco`olgtk Vkicbcurb pkr Lxtruskrb @bgubi  

Vostl`b Ogtldrbck cl Dlstoög  Dlstoög  

öcodk   öcodk

UDK-@L@M-282- 58

]lvosoög Gµ  Gµ 

5

Hlfab libm.

24/2=/=524

Uâdogb   Uâdogb

Uâdogb ? cl =5

   

Vo bi skicbr fkg li âgduik cl ogfiogbfoög fkrrlftk kfurrl kfurrl qul: Ib lxtruskrb bvbgzb bvbgzb cl`bsobck râpock: râpock: Uulcl ogcofbr qul li lxtruock lstâ cl`bsobck hiuock pkr ug lxflsk cl tl`plrbturb, sl clmlrâ vlrohofbr ib tl`plrbturb cli lxtruock. bvbgzbr fkg ib lxtruskrb: Uulcl slr ugb slòbi c cl l qul li lxtruock lstâ cl`bsobck   Vl abfl cohàfoi bvbgzbr vosfksk k fkgsostlgtl pkr ugb hbitb cl tl`plrbturb, sl clmlrâ vlrohofbr ib tl`plrbturb cli lxtruock.  Bcl`âs rlvosbr ib tl`plrbturb tl`plrbturb qul ogcofb ib tbrjltb cl ib `bquogb lxtruskrb. 4.< ]lquosotks dlglrbils   Vl clml vlrohofbr ib tl`plrbturb lgtrl ibs ibs Dlk`l`mrbgbs ibs fubils gk clmlg clmlg lxflclr iks