Personal and Impersonal Passive (table + key word transformation exercises) FCE
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We use the personal and impersonal passive to express other people`s opinions. We can use the impersonal passive to avoi...
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IMPERSONAL PASSIVE / PERSONAL PASSIVE Active Voice
Impersonal Impersona l Passive
Personal Passive
VERB TENSE
People/ They/ We + verb (say, think, consider, reckon, claim ,etc..)
It is + verb (past participle) that… It is (said/thought/claimed, understood ,etc.)
Simple present
People say he is English.
It is said that he is English
He is said to be English.
We understand she doesn’t like football.
It is understood that she doesn’t like football.
She is understood not to like football.
Present continuous
People think he is waiting for us now.
It is thought that he is waiting for us now.
He is thought to be waiting for us now.
Future
People expect that he will join the company soon.
It is expected that he will join the company soon.
He is expected to join the company soon.
They say that many smartphones are stolen every day.
It is said that many smartphones are stolen every day.
Many smartphones are said to be stolen every day.
They think dinner is being cooked as we speak.
It is thought that dinner is being cooked as we speak.
Dinner is thought to be being cooked as we speak.
People expect that taxes will be raised next year.
It is expected that taxes will be raised next year.
Taxes are expected to be raised next year.
People/ They/ We + verb (say, think, consider, reckon, claim ,etc..)
It is + verb (past participle) that… It is (said/thought/claimed, understood, etc.)
Subject + is + said/thought ,etc. +
to (be, have ,etc.)
He, she, they is (said/thought/claimed ,etc.) to (verb)
(will/going to)
Present passive Present passive continuous Future passive
Present Perfect Present perfect continuous Past perfect Past perfect continuous Past Past continuous Past passive
Subject + is + said/thought ,etc. +
perfect infinitive
(to have done, been ,etc.)
People think he has left for good.
It is thought that he has left for good.
He is thought to have left for good.
The police assume that the arrested man has killed three people.
It is assumed that the arrested man has killed three people.
The arrested man is assumed to have kil led three people.
They know she has been working very hard.
It is known that she has been working very hard.
She is known to have been working very hard.
The prosecution say he had ki lled her earlier that morning.
It is said that he had killed her earlier that morning.
He is said to have killed earlier that morning.
They say he had been planning to leave his partner.
It is said that he had been planning to leave his partner.
He is said to have been planning to leave his partner.
People say that he got married in Germany.
It is said that he got married in Germany.
He is said to have got married in Germany.
People claim that he died two weeks ago.
It is claimed that he died two weeks ago.
He is claimed to have died two weeks ago.
They say he was studying very hard for his exam.
It is said that he was studying very hard for his exam.
He is said to have been studying very hard for his exam.
They report that two people were injured in the accident.
It is reported that two people were injured in the accident.
Two people are reported to have been injured in the accident.
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Impersonal passive & Personal passive (FCE – Key Key Word Transformation exercises) 1.It is said that these herbs are good for you. said
These herbs............................................. herbs.............................................................go ................good. od. 2.It is said that children are afraid of ghosts. are
Children……………………………… afraid of ghosts. 3.They say that women live longer than men. is
It ………………………………… longer than men. 4.They think she has written a book. thought
She is ……………………… a book.
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Impersonal passive & Personal passive (FCE – Key Key Word Transformation exercises) 1.It is said that these herbs are good for you. said
These herbs............................................. herbs.............................................................go ................good. od. 2.It is said that children are afraid of ghosts. are
Children……………………………… afraid of ghosts. 3.They say that women live longer than men. is
It ………………………………… longer than men. 4.They think she has written a book. thought
She is ……………………… a book. 5.People believe he is working in Germany. is
He ……………………… in Germany. 6.People believe that John Lennon was a great musician. believed
John Lennon …………………………………a great musician. 7.It is thought that the government was building new schools. thought
The government is ……………………………………… ………………………………………new new schools. 8.It was believed that he had lived in London. believed
He ………………………………………….. in London.
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