Periodontia 2 Completoytjtyj
April 9, 2023 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
LA@TBÖDA DG\^A@ÅYBC ^brgada`tgh ? - TATHC DB6 = - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Jbrb`lgheb`ta
(hvhcghêìa) db praocbehs eulajb`jgvhgs; ^rbsbrvhêìa dh eariacajgh da pralbssa hcvbachr hpüs bxada`tgh; _bla`struêìa da pralbssa hcvbachr; Hvhcghr sb a phlgb`tb prblgsh db lgrurjghs db hueb`ta db larah.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch 8 G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tgh/Db`tåstglh “ ^hrtb 8
H pbrgada`tgh `ìa padb sbr dgssalghdh db ueh oah db`tåstglh, pags tbe tadh ueh g`tbrrbchêìa. @ìa padb-sb qubrbr tbr ue pbrgada`ta shudèvbc, sb tgvbr h phrtb rbsthurhdarh ruge, au vglb-vbrsh; \hödb ^brgada`thc6 ^rç-_bqugsgta phrh ueh ada`tacajgh db sulbssa6 Ç fustheb`tb a oae b`tb`dgeb`ta dbsshs duhs dgslgpcg`hs “ pbrgada`tgh pbrgada`tgh b db`tåstglh; G`iblêìa ^brgada`thc “ dbvb sbr trhthdh b la`trachdh h`tbs dh ada`tacajgh rbsthurhdarh, caja h phrtb pbrgada`thc sbeprb dbvb bsthr trhthdh phrh dbpags la`sbjugr ihzbr h phrtb rbsthurhdarh.
*AO\.6 Ha sb rbibrgr îs lgrurjghs prç-pratçtglhs, `ìa qubr dgzbr qub ç ueh lgrurjgh h`tbs db lacalhr ueh prütbsb, bssb pratçtglh sb rbibrb î rbhogcgthêìa, qub padb sbr th`ta htrhvçs db prütbsb laea htrhvçs db rbsthurhêòbs dgrbths db rbsg`h, caja h lgrurjgh prçpratçtglh ç prbphrhr a calhc phrh rblbobr ue trhtheb`ta rbsthurhdar, `ìa qubr dgzbr qub sbfh saeb`tb prütbsb g`dgrbth.
- La`tracb dh dab`êh htgvh “ 8. Trhtheb`tas db bebrjæ`lgh6 Hcgvghr sg`taehs da phlgb`tb; Bsthogcgzhr h g`iblêìa hjudh qub a phlgb`tb passh tbr; Hvhcghr hs la`dgêòbs b`dadô`tglhs b pbrgada`thgs6 Bstè lae hcjue tgpa db pucpgtb1 Yhg prblgshr ihzbr a trhtheb`ta b`dadô`tgla be hcjueh u`gdhdb, au hcjuehs u`gdhdbs1 Yhg hvhcghr sb a phlgb`tb bstè lae pbrdh g`sbrêìa,
- \BXRÆ@LGH DB T_HTHEB@TA
^rbphrhêìa da pbrgada`ta phrh da h ada`tacajgh rbsthurhdarh “ \bquæ`lgh \bquæ`lgh trhtheb`ta6 La`tracb dh dab`êh htgvh6 Trhtheb`ta db bebrjæ`lgh; Bxada`tgh db db`tbs grrblupbrèvbgs; G`struêìa db mgjgb`b arhc; _H_ (_hsphjbe b hcgsheb`ta rhdgluchr); _bhvhcghêìa da trhtheb`ta; Lgrurjgh pbrgada`thc; Tbrhpgh artadô`tglh huxgcghr. Lgrurjgh prç-pratçtglh*6
bstè lae Dbvb-sb eaogcgdhdb, lae sh`jrheb`ta1 ihzbr tadh bssh hvhcghêìa.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch 8 “ G`tbrrbchêìa G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tgh/Db`tåstglh - N_bsueada`ta N_bsueada`tacajgh cajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 8
?. Bxtrhêìa db db`tbs grrblupbrèvbgs6 H rbtb`êìa dbssbs db`tbs (grrblupbrèvbgs “ db`tb qub `ìa tbe fbgta lae b`dada`tgh, `ìa tbe fbgta lae lgrurjghs rbjb`brhtgvhs) sbe a trhtheb`ta pbrgada`thc padb rbsucthr be pbrdh üssbh;
4. _hsphjbe b Hcgsheb`ta _hdgluchr6 _H_ + Ebdgdhs db mgjgb`b arhc 5 rbduêìa dh g`ichehêìa jb`jgvhc b
Caja, bssbs db`tbs `ìa padbe sbr
dbgxhdas `h lhvgdhdb arhc, pags larrb a rgsla db mhvbr autras tgpas db g`iblêòbs ehgs jrhvbs, b a phlgb`tb tbr ehgs pbrdh db tblgda üssba, b `ìa sb qubr gssa, dbvb-sb tb`thr eh`tbr hs bstruturhs db supartb das db`tbs das phlgb`tbs, ebsea qub bcb vb`mh h pbrdbr hqubcb db`tb, hqubch bstruturh db supartb qub sb tbe hcg, db assa dbvb-sb tb`thr eh`tbr, pags `as dghs db mafb, quh`da ue phlgb`tb pbrdb ue db`tb, ihz-sb gepch`tb;
\b iar aosbrvhda qub a phlgb`tb tbe
hcjue db`tb qub `ìa tbe ehgs la`dgêìa db la`tg`uhr `h lhvgdhdb arhc, b bxada`tgh ç g`dglhdh;
2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h ?
:. Tbrhpgh Artadô`tglh Huxgcghr6 \ü dbvb sbr ibgth hpüs la`tracb dh dab`êh pbrgada`thc htgvh; `ìa la`tracb da pralbssa A g`ichehtürga durh`tb a eavgeb`ta db`thc be ue phlgb`tb pbrgada`thceb`tb suslbtåvbc padb rbsucthr `h pbrdh grrbvbrsåvbc dh lrgsth üssbh (tblgda db supartb),
sbssìa, ihz ogaehtbrghc;
b`xbrtgh
üssbh
lae
2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h <
laepcglhda ihzbr ueh rbsthurhêìa lae ehrjbe suojb`jgvhc, pags vhg dhr praocbeh `hqubch rbchêìa b`trb h ehrjbe jb`jgvhc b h rbsthurhêìa, b`tìa phlgb`tb qub `ìa tbe h jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh dbvbsb bvgthr ihzbr rbsthurhêìa suojb`jgvhc;
Ehrjbe \uprhjb`jgvhc6
H ehrjbe dh rbsthurhêìa `ìa dbvb vgachr h dgstï`lgh ogacüjglh (bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc b g`sbrêìa la`fu`tgvh); Caja sb igzbr ueh rbsthurhêìa lae h ehrjbe jb`jgvhc suojb`jgvhc, bssh ehrjbe padb sbr suojb`jgvhc, ehs sü padbrè pb`btrhr a sucla jb`jgvhc, pags htç `bssb sucla `ìa bsthrè hjrbdg`da a bsphêa ogacüjgla qub h prg`lgphc cg`mh db dbibsh
Ç
h ehrjbe qub eb`as praduz gephlta saorb a pbrgada`ta; Yh`thjb`s6 Ehgar ihlgcgdhdb `a prbphra, vgsuhcgzhêìa dh eacdhjbe b hdhpthêìa dhs ehrjb`s dh rbsthurhêìa; prbvb`êìa dh Ebcmar rbg`lgdæ`lgh db lèrgbs Dbsvh`thjbe6 Bstçtglh, b`tìa dbvb-sb ihzbr ueh bslacmh db lar b
das db`tbs `hturhgs, caja `ìa padb g`vhdgr a bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc;
pch`bfheb`ta obe ibgta, phrh `ìa laepraebtbr h bstçtglh;
Ehrjbe Jb`jgvhc6 Obe tacbrhdh pbrgada`thceb`tb `ìa trhz prbfuåza ha pbrgada`ta; H bstçtglh `ìa iglh laepraebtgdh dbvgda î mhrea`gzhêìa das ehtbrghgs; Ièlgc db sbr la`lcuådh.
^adb
la`trgougr phrh praocbehs pbrgada`thgs lrô`glas, par gssa qub bch dbvb sbe eugta obe bchoarhdh, pch`bfhdh b ibgth;
Ehrjbe \uojb`jgvhc6
^adb sbrvgr laea `glma db rbtb`êìa
db ogaigceb, par gssa qub h ehrjbe suojb`jgvhc dbvb sbr eugta cgsh b pacgdh;
h sbrbe aosbrvhdas6 Hspbltas ^brigc db bebrjæ`lgh hdbquhda la`tar`a
dh larah; ehrjg`hc lae \bcheb`ta bxlbcb`tb hdhpthêìa b hlhoheb`ta dh rbsthurhêìa; db ueh ihgxh db ^rbsb`êh jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh hdbquhdh Eugths vbzbs tbe rbjgòbs `h lhvgdhdb arhc qub a phlgb`tb prhtglheb`tb `ìa tbe jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh, pbrdbu lae a phsshr da
@a
prbphra g`trh-sucluchr, h g`ichehêìa jb`jgvhc rbchlga`h-sb lae6 Ehtbrghgs rbsthurhdarbs; \aorbla`tar`a dhs ehrjb`s; Hspbrbzhs dh supbriålgb; _btb`êìa db pchlh.
tbepa, `bssbs lhsas ç eugta Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch 8 “ G`tbrrbchêìa G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tgh/Db`tåstglh - N_bsueada`ta N_bsueada`tacajgh cajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 4
@hs sbjug`tbs sgtuhêòbs vhg padbr
g`dglh-ch6 Lèrgbs au autras dbibgtas, laea horhsìa lbrvglhc; _bsthurhêòbs prç-bxgstb`tb fè lae ehrjb`s suojb`jgvhgs; ^hrh qubstòbs bstçtglh; Larah lcå`glh eugta lurth phrh rbtb`êìa eblï`glh dh
_bibræ`lgh Ogocgajrèiglh LH__H@VH Fr., I.H.; @BZEH@ E.J.; THKBG M.M. ^brgada`tgh lcå`glh , 7 a bd., Bd. Juh`hohrh Kaajh`, _ga db Fh`bgra, ?>>4.
rbsthurhêìa, îs vbzbs h larah da phlgb`tb fè ç eugta lurth, b`tìa `ìa tbe eugth rbtb`êìa phrh igxhr a ehtbrghc rbsthurhdar th`ta dgrbta quh`ta g`dgrbta, b`tìa vhg prblgshr ihzbr ueh ehrjbe suojb`jgvhc; Irhturhs suojb`jgvhgs @bssbs lhsas theoçe h ehrjbe dh rbsthurhêìa vhg tbr qub sbr suojb`jgvhc;
Caja, padb-sb ihzbr ehrjb`s suojb`jgvhgs, parçe `ìa padb-sb g`vhdgr h dgstï`lgh ogacüjglh.
H lacalhêìa dh ehrjbe jb`jgvhc >,2 ee `a g`tbrgar da sucla pbregtb h eh`utb`êìa da bsphêa ogacüjgla;
GE^A_TH@TB6 \b h ehrjbe iar lacalhdh eugta hohgxa dh lrgsth tblgduhc jb`jgvhc vhg vgachr a hphrhta db g`sbrêìa jb`jgvhc, vhg vgachr h dgstï`lgh ogacüjglh, b`tìa @ÌA ^ADB!
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch 8 “ G`tbrrbchêìa G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tgh/Db`tåstglh - N_bsueada`ta N_bsueada`tacajgh cajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 2
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tgh-Db`tåstglh “ ^hrtb ^hrtb ?
Bsphêa Ogacüjgla6 Ç ue bsphêa db pratbêìa das db`tbs `hturhgs, ue bsphêa qub `ìa dbvb b `ìa padb sbr g`vhdgda, ehs eugths vbzbs ç g`vhdgda par la`th db ghtrajb`gh da praigssga`hc au par la`th db cbsòbs qub g`vhdgrhe, sbfh lèrgb, au irhturh; \b bssb bsphêa iar g`vhdgda vhg sbr `blbssèrga tb`thr rbhvbr bssb bsphêa, b `arehceb`tb gssa ç ibgta par ebga db lgrurjgh pbrgada`thc (lgrurjgh db hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh), phrh dbvacvbr a bsphêa ogacüjgla qub iag cbshda; Hcju`s hutarbs hlmhe qub a sucla jb`jgvhc b`trh `a bsphêa ogacüjgla, autras hutarbs hlmhe qub a sucla jb`jgvhc ihz phrtb ehs `ìa ç iu`dheb`thc, `ìa ç laepa`b`tb da bsphêa ogacüjgla, qub `a lhsa sbrgh saeb`tb a bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc b g`sbrêìa la`fu`tgvh;
Gepartï`lgh da Bsphêa Ogacüjgla6 G`sbrêìa db igorhs da tblgda la`fu`tgva; Ybdhêìa dh u`gìa db`ta-jb`jgvhc (bpgtçcga + la`fu`tgva);
8,?,2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
_bspasth da pbrgada`ta ha g`sucta6 A g`sucta ç h g`vhsìa da bsphêa ogacüjgla; ^brdh dh lrgsth üssbh hcvbachr lae oacsh g`irh-üssbh calhcgzhdh; Xuh`da a bsphêa ogacüjgla ç g`vhdgda bcb vhg g`vhdgr, b`tìa padb hla`tblbr dh lrgsth üssbh rbhosarvbr Lachpsa pbrgada`thc prajrbssgva Yhg rbhosarvbr hs bstruturhs db supartb das db`tbs has paulas, htç a eaeb`ta qub a db`tb `ìa la`sbjub ehgs iglhr `h lhvgdhdb arhc, b pbrdb-sb a db`tb; _blbssìa jb`jgvhc b pbrdh üssbh calhcgzhdh, sb`da bssh rblbssìa ehgs suslbtåvbc `h tèouh üssbh ehgs ig`h;
jb`jgvhc b a pbrgada`ta dbcjhda/ig`a, rblbssìa jb`jgvhc; ^hlgb`tbs lae pbrgada`ta bspbssa ç eugta ehgs ièlgc db trhthr, a la`trèrga da dbcjhda, qub ç ehgs dgiålgc db sbr trhthda;
G`dglhêòbs phrh hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh6
Mgpbrpchsgh jb`jgvhc calhcgzhdh `h rbjgìa a`db a pbrgada`ta bstè sb`da hjrbdgda Ib`ütgpa jb`jgvhc ç a tgpa da tblgda jb`jgvhc, a tblgda jb`jgvhc padb sbr ehgs bspbssa au ehgs dbcjhda (ig`a), b`tìa gssa vhrgh db phlgb`tb phrh phlgb`tb;
^brgada`ta bspbssa _bhosarêìa üssbh b/au mgpbrpchsgh jb`jgvhc; ^brgada`ta ig`a rblbssìa jb`jgvhc; As dags pbrgada`tas dgibrb`tbs hlgeh rbspa`dbe db iarehs dgibrb`tbs, `arehceb`tb a ehgs bspbssa tbe rbhosarêìa üssbh b/au mgpbrpchsgh
Db`tbs lae lèrgb hcçe dh ehrjbe jb`jgvhc cbsòbs db lèrgbs eugta praiu`dhs/hpglhgs; _bhcgzhêìa db larahs lae iu`êìa bstçtglh; Db`tbs irhturhdas lae hdbquhda rbeh`bslb`tb pbrgada`thc qub passh ihvarblbr a hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh; Db`tbs lae g`hdbquhdas bsphêas g`tbralcushgs, phrh qub sb la`sgjh hdbquhda pralbdgeb`ta rbsthurhdar; Ebcmarhr h bstçtglh db db`tbs h`tbrgarbs lae larahs lcå`glhs lurths b cg`mh db sarrgsa hcth; Bxgstbe dags tgpas db hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh6 8. ^hrh h iu`lga`hcgdhdb, a`db h larah fè bstè prhtglheb`tb tadh dbstruådh, caja vhg-sb ihzbr a rhga-x, vhg sa`dhr phrh hvhcghr sb bssb rbeh`bslb`tb hg`dh tbe la`dgêìa db sbr vghogcgzhda, eh`tgda. \b pbrlbobr qub hg`dh tbe ue laeprgeb`ta db rhgz suiglgb`tb, sb tbe ueh g`sbrêìa qub prapglgb bcb hg`dh sbr eh`tgda `h lhvgdhdb arhc, padb-sb ihzbr ue hueb`ta db larh lcå`glh, b `bssb lhsa sbrgh phrh rbsthurhr h phrtb iu`lga`hc. ?. ^hrh h bstçtglh, a`db tbe-sb lhsas db sarrgsa jb`jgvhc, ihz-sb a
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh 8 (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch ? - G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tghDb`tåstglh “ ^hrtb ? - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h ? Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh lae ig`hcgdhdb bstçtglh.
La`trh-G`dglhêòbs phrh hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh6 Irhturhs db`thgs bstb`dgdhs htç a tbrêa eçdga dh rhgz Xuh`da hla`tblb bssb
eavgeb`ta artadô`tgla phrh hueb`ta dh larah lcå`glh, h dbpb`dbr dh sgtuhêìa; \beprb qub bssh tçl`glh iar bslacmgdh, dbvb sbr rbhcgzhdh hpüs h hdbquhêìa arhc.
tgpa db irhturh `ìa tbe laea rbhvbr h u`gdhdb db`tèrgh `be lae lgrurjgh db hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh, `ìa vhg tbr rbtb`êìa `b`mueh; ^raj`üstgla ruge; G`hdbquhdh praparêìa larah/rhgz (hpüs lgrurjgh).
^ralbdgeb`tas utgcgzhdas phrh hueb`ta db larah lcå`gla6 Lgrörjglas6
Jb`jgvbltaegh
lae au sbe astbataegh, lae ogsbc g`tbr`a au ogsbc bxtbr`a;
H jb`jgvbltaegh ç h rbeaêìa da tblgda jb`jgvhc, a`db padb sbr lae rbeaêìa da tblgda üssba au sbe h rbeaêìa da tblgda üssba; _bthcma rbpasglga`hda hpglhceb`tb lae astbataegh (rbeavb tblgda üssba db supartb “ rbeavb ueh quh`tgdhdb ehgs praiu`dh db assa) au astbapchstgh (rbeavb tblgda üssba qub `ìa ç db supartb “ rbeavb ueh quh`tgdhdb ehgs supbriglghc db assa) A qub vhg ihzbr bslacmbr ueh au autrh tçl`glh sbrè a lhsa lcå`gla dhqubcb phlgb`tb;
Eavgeb`tas artadô`tglas6 Dbvbe sbeprb sbr rbhcgzhdas hpüs tbrhpgh oèsglh; Trhlga`heb`ta ibgta cb`theb`tb, `u`lh rèpgda; H ebdgdh qub a iga artadô`tgla vhg trhlga`h`da a db`tb, vhg alarrb`da ueh `baiarehêìa üssbh; Caja, padb-sb theoçe utgcgzhr
(Cg`dmb, ?>8>)
^ralbdgeb`tas lgrörjglas phrh hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh6
Xuh`da a phlgb`tb tgvbr ueh quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh hdbquhdh b ehgs db < ee db tblgda lara`hc î lrgsth üssbh ^adb-sb utgcgzhr h tçl`glh h sbjugr Hpb`hs rbeaêìa db tblgda eacb JB@JGYBLTAEGH au LG_R_JGH Î _BTHCMA; @bssb lhsa h sbjugr, sbrgh ueh lgrurjgh rbthcma db dbscalheb`ta da tblgda hpglhceb`tb, be dgrbêìa ha èpglb;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh 8 (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch ? - G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tghDb`tåstglh “ ^hrtb ? - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h < Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh g`hdbquhdh (quh`tgdhdb g`suiglgb`tb db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh) b eb`as db < ee db tblgda lara`hc î lrgsth üssbh LG_R_JGH È _BTHCMA (dbscalheb`tas db tblgda) + _BLA@TA_@A Ü\\BA; Lèrgbs suojb`jgvhc qub g`vhdgu a bsphêa ogacüjgla au irhturhs db`tèrghs H
lgrurjgh dbvb iar`blbr be tar`a db 4 ee db bxtb`sìa hpglhc htç h lrgsth üssbh;
Jb`jgvbltaegh “ TÇL@GLH6 TÇL@GLH6 ^hssa 86 dhs oacshs phrh Ehrlhêìa dbcg`bhr sbu lursa; Yhg g`traduzgr h sa`dh egcgebtrhdh b vhg vbr quh`tas ee db tblgda vhg-sb tgrhr h sa`dh db db`tra da sucla, vhg-sb
lacalhr par lgeh da tblgda b ihz ue iura, ehrlh`da a calhc; ^hssa ?6 `h G`lgsòbs vbstgouchr b cg`juhc/phchtg`h lae jb`jgvütaea db Kgrkgch`d; G`lgsòbs g`tbrdb`thgs lae jb`jgvütaea db
Aroh`, sb `blbssèrghs; Ogsturgs db Ohrd^hrkbr lae cïeg`h 82L b tbsaurhs utgcgzhdas lae g`strueb`tas huxgcghrbs; Hs g`lgsòbs dbvbe sbr be ogsbc h hpraxgehdheb`tb 42 jrhus lae h supbriålgb da db`tb b rblrghr a
- ^_BALBDGEB@TA\ LG_R_JGLA\ ^H_H HREB@TA DB LA_AH LCÅ@GLH Jb`jgvbltaegh phrh hueb`ta db larah6 G`dglhêìa6 Oacshs pbrgada`thgs suprh-üssbhs praiu`dhs; La`trh-G`dglhêìa6 Oacshs pbrgada`thgs g`irh-üssbhs au lrhtbrhs üssbhs. Lrhtbrh üssbh au oacsh g`irh-üssbh
phdrìa ibsta`hda dh jb`jgvh;
^hssa 2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
- _bthcmas phrh hlbssa rbsthurhdar- _bthcma _bpasglga`h`da Hpglhceb`tb “
Lu`mh g`tbrpraxgehc Xuh`da hs phpgchs vbstgouchrbs b cg`juhgs bstìa sbphrhdhs iareh`da ueh lrhtbrh; Lhsas db mgpbrpchsghs, laeue be lèrgbs praiu`dhs;
Lu`mh dgsthc6
Bstè pbjh`da a tblgda jb`jgvhc b bstè rblacalh`da bcb be dgrbêìa ha èpglb da da db`tb, th`ta ihz sbr db`tb supbrgar au g`ibrgar; _bthcma rbpasglga`hda hpglhceb`tb phrh hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh6 G`dglhêòbs6 Be såtgas a`db hs oacshs sb bstb`dbe hcçe dh FEJ; Tçl`glh6 G`lgsìa be ogsbc g`tbr`a; G`lgsìa sucluchr; Dbscalheb`ta da rbthcma; G`lgsòbs g`tbrdb`thgs; _beaêìa dh parêìa da tblgda qub la`tçe h phrbdb dh oacsh; G`lgsòbs vbrtglhgs hcçe dh FEJ; _beaêìa da tblgda db jrh`uchêìa, _H_ b astbataegh, lhsa `blbssèrga; _bpasgêìa hpglhc da rbthcma; \uturh.
- G`tbrvhca db Tbepa b`trb h lgrurjgh pbrgada`thc b h rbsthurhêìa “
- Bxtrusìa Artadô`tglh ^hrh Hueb`ta db Larah Lcå`glh “
= h 8> sbeh`hs, phrh hssbjurhr a tbepa phrh h lglhtrgzhêìa b ehturhêìa da tblgda la`fu`tgva, g`sbrêìa bpgtbcghc b sucla jb`jgvhc; Lae 4 sbeh`hs fè tbe ue pralbssa lglhtrglghc, obe iarehda, parçe phrh hssbjurhr qub tb`mh tgda h ehturhêìa db tadhs hs bthphs, g`lcusgvb da tblgda la`fu`tgva, a gdbhc ç qub sb bspbrhr db = h 8> sbeh`hs;
Brupêìa iarêhdh lae rbssblêìa üssbh eå`geh utgcgzhdh phrh trhtheb`ta db db`tbs h`tbrgareb`tb bspbrh`êh―;
La`trh-g`dglhêìa6 g`hdbquhdh.
rhzìa
–sbe
larah-rhgz
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh 8 (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch ? - G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tghDb`tåstglh “ ^hrtb ? - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 2 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
- La`sgdbrhêòbs Bstçtglhs “
Hcturh dh phpgch6 Bsthobcblgdh pbca6 @åvbc da assa; Bsphêa ogacüjgla; Iareh dh hebgh jb`jgvhc da phlgb`tb (a trgh`juca) “ g`tbrdb`thc; g`tbrdb`thc;
pbrgada`thgs db hpaga T_HREH ALCR\HC; Eh`gibsth-sb lcg`glheb`tb laea eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh.
Bsphêa g`tbrpraxgehc gdbhc6 @be sbeprb la`sbjub-sb a gdbhc, ehs padb-sb la`sbjugr hcja prüxgea da gdbhc; ^hpgch jb`jgvhc hlaeadhdh sbe g`tbribræ`lgh; Bstb`dgda htç a tapa dh phpgch phrh `ìa rbtbr hcgeb`tas au dbshjrhdhr bstbtglheb`tb; H pa`th dh phpgch dbvb bsthr b`trb 4,2 h 2 ee hlgeh da assa g`tbrpraxgehc;
- \gtuhêòbs Lcå`glhs passåvbgs db trhueh alcushc “
^brgada`ta shdga db hcturh `arehc b a db`tb bstè sairb`da hcjue tgpa db trhueh (trhueh prgeèrga); ^brgada`ta shdga db hcturh rbduzgdh (trhueh sblu`dèrga) “ Lhsa db pbrgada`ta qub fè tbvb dab`êh pbrgada`thc, a pbrgada`ta rbduzgu, ehs `hqubcb eaeb`ta bcb `ìa tbe ehgs h dab`êh pbrgada`thc; Trhueh saorb pbrgada`ta dab`tb.
- \g`hgs b \g`taehs db Trhueh Alcushc “
\g`hgs6 Mgpbrta`glgdhdb eusluchr; Eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh hueb`thdh lae a tbepa; Egjrhêìa db`tèrgh; Holbssas pbrgada`thgs.
\g`taehs6 Dar eusluchr; Dar pbrgada`thc; Dar pucphr; \b`shêìa db db`tèrga.
Hs ehrjb`s dhs rbsthurhêòbs dbvbe bsthr suojb`jgvhc; A pbrigc db bebrjæ`lgh dh rbsthurhêìa `ìa dbvb ihvarblbr a hlöeuca db ogaigceb b `be h laeprbssìa bxhjbrhdh da tblgda jb`jgvhc; @hs rbsthurhêòbs g`dgrbths, as tblgdas jb`jgvhgs padbe sb hdhpthr par 4-9 sbeh`hs lae h rbsthurhêìa pravgsürgh, h`tbs db sbr ibgth h prütbsb dbig`gtgvh.
- La`sgdbrhêòbs Alcushgs “
_bsthurhêòbs qub `ìa bstìa be la`iaregdhdb lae h alcusìa lhushe dbshrea`gh alcushc qub padb sbr prbfudglghc phrh as tblgdas
hpbrtheb`ta
- \g`hgs _hdgajrèigas da Trhueh Alcushc “
Hctbrhêìa dh cïeg`h durh; Hctbrhêìa da bsphêa pbrgada`thc; _hrbihêìa üssbh hcvbachr; _bhosarêìa rhdgluchr; Lhclgiglhêòbs pucphrbs.
_bibræ`lgh Ogocgajrèiglh LH__H@VH Fr., I.H.; @BZEH@ E.J.; THKBG M.M. ^brgada`tgh lcå`glh , 7 a bd., Bd. Juh`hohrh Kaajh`, _ga db Fh`bgra, ?>>4.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh 8 (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 8ª 8ª R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch ? - G`tbrrbchêìa ^brgada`tghDb`tåstglh “ ^hrtb ? - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 9 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch 8 ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs
^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs6 8. Lgrurjghs _bssbltgvhs Yhg ihzbr h rbeaêìa db –hcjueh lagsh―; ?. Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs Trhohcmhsb `bssbs tblgdas;
Bvgthr au eg`gegzhr h pbrdh dh lrgsth üssbh hcvbachr Xub ç a tblgda üssba qub iglh `hs g`tbrpraxgehgs;
Jb`jgvapchstgh
>8 a
Caja, h Jb`jgvapchstgh ç hpb`hs
ue rbla`tar`a jb`jgvhc. Xuh`da
Aofbtgvas dhs lgrurjghs rbssbltgvhs6 Bcgeg`hêìa au rbduêìa db oacsh pbrgada`thc; Ebcmarh da la`tar`a jb`jgvhc be rbchêìa ha assa hcvbachr _beadbcheb`ta da tblgda; Eh`utb`êìa dh shödb pbrgada`thc Eugths vbzbs, pchstghs db iurlh au htç ebsea hs tu`bcgzhêòbs sìa pralbdgeb`tas ibgtas phrh qub a phlgb`tb la`sgjh mgjgb`gzhr ebcmar
vhg-sb rbeavbr ueh jrh`db quh`tgdhdb db tblgda jb`jgvhc, `ìa sb ihz jb`jgvapchstgh, ihz-sb jb`jgvbltaegh; a H jb`jgvapchstgh ç ehgs supbriglghc, ç quh`da vhg rbeavbr pbqub`as pbdhêas db tblgda, sü phrh sb ihzbr ue rbeadbcheb`ta, ue rbla`tar`a; a Aofbtgvas6 Bsthobcblgeb`ta db la`tar`as jb`jgvhgs igsgacüjglas; Eh`utb`êìa dh shödb
h rbjgìa db iurlh, ehgs caja hdbquhdh eh`tb`da ueh mgjgb`gzhêìa phrh hqubch rbjgìa;
pbrgada`thc. Hdbquhda la`tracb da ogaigceb; Bstçtglh ehgs shtgsihtürgh phrh a phlgb`tb;
_bqugsgtas6 ^rblgsh-sb tbr hlbssa b vgsgogcgdhdb î rhgz rhdgluchr; Hlbssa ha assa hcvbachr; Eh`utb`êìa db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh (rbqugsgta iu`dheb`thc pags `bsshs lgrurjghs sb a phlgb`tb `ìa tgvbr prbsb`êh db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh, `ìa tbe laea rbhcgzh-chs); Lglhtrgzhêìa rèpgdh;
a
G`dglhêòbs6 Bcgeg`hêìa
db ehrjb`s jb`jgvhgs bspbsshs A phlgb`tb tbe ueh ehrjbe jb`jgvhc jrassh b sb qubr hig`hr, sbfh par eatgvas bstçtglas au par eatgva db dgeg`ugr a hlöeuca db ogaigceb;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 8 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Bcgeg`hêìa db igssurhs b lrhtbrhs jb`jgvhgs supbriglghgs \b bssbs dbibgtas jb`jgvhgs iarbe praiu`das, h jb`jgvapchstgh `ìa vhg rbsacvbr, pags ç ueh tçl`glh ehgs supbriglghc; Larrbêìa db phpgchs jb`jgvhgs dbiarehdhs pbchs dab`êhs `blrash`tbs (h`tgjheb`tb lmhehvh db JR@, ^R@), sb iarbe larrbêòbs pbqub`hs, la`sbjub-sb lae jb`jgvapchstgh, sb iarbe ehgs praiu`dhs `ìa sb la`sbjub; Larrbêìa db dbs`åvbgs jb`jgvhgs db db`tbs hdfhlb`tbs (hssgebtrgh da sarrgsa); Bcgeg`hêìa db pgjeb`thêòbs ebcï`glhs; a
La`trh-G`dglhêòbs6
Xuh`da h dbiaregdhdb jb`jgvhc bstgvbr rbchlga`hdh h dbibgtas da la`tar`a üssba suofhlb`tb ^ags hå a dbibgta jb`jgvhc vhg sbr ehgs praiu`da, h jb`jgvapchstgh `ìa vhg rbsacvbr; _blbssòbs jb`jgvhgs; husæ`lgh db jb`jgvh @h g`sbrgdh @ìa padb-sb ihzbr jb`jgvapchstgh; @h prbsb`êh db pralbssas calhgs hjudas. a
Yh`thjb`s Tçl`glh lgrörjglh sgepcbs; Ièlgc db sbr bxbluthdh; _bphrhêìa rèpgdh.
H ebch`apchstgh ç ue tgpa db jb`jgvapchstgh; a Larrbêìa lgrörjglh dh pgjeb`thêìa
a
jb`jgvhc (EBCH@A^CH\TGH)6 A phlgb`tb dbvb shobr qub hpüs hcjue tbepa dh rbhcgzhêìa dh lgrurjgh vhg tbr
rblgdgvh; Tçl`glh6 Lhsa sbfh rbhcgzhda db prç htç prç H`bstbsgh-sb a `brva hcvbachr supbrgar h`tbrgar b eçdga, db heoas as chdas; Dbpags padb-sb utgcgzhr hcjuehs tçl`glhs laea, cïeg`h irgh, au sü oralh, au hs duhs tçl`glhs; ^rgebgra lae h cïeg`h irgh vhgsb tgrh`da h phrtb ehgs bslurblgdh a`db tbe ehgs ebch`g`h, b bssh rbeaêìa ç obe ig`h, sü db bpgtçcga; Dbpags utgcgzh-sb h oralh, b tbe-sb vèrghs oralhs qub padbe sbr utgcgzhdhs laea dgheh`thdh 8>8?, 8>84... \beprb utgcgzh`da lae grrgjhêìa, hssge ihzb`da h `gvbchêìa, tgrh`da hs phrtbs da qub `ìa sb la`sbjugu ihzbr lae h cïeg`h irgh; Lacalh-sb ue lgeb`ta lgrörjgla `a püs-apbrhtürga phrh dhr ue la`iarta ha phlgb`tb, ehs lhsa `ìa lacaqub `ìa sgj`giglh qub `ìa vhg iglhr oae, ç ueh apêìa praigssga`hc;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h ? Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
ebdglhêìa6 H`tg-bpgcçtgla (Mgdh`thc), Lglcasparg`h, hcju`s h`tg-g`ichehtürgas...); Hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh; Larrbêìa da sarrgsa jb`jgvhc.
Jb`jgvbltaegh
a
Dbig`gêìa6 ^ralbdgeb`ta
a
lgrörjgla qub praeavb h bxlgsìa da tblgda
La`trh-G`dglhêòbs6 Bcgeg`hêìa db
üssbhs
jb`jgvhc jbrhceb`tb * utgcgzhdh phrh rbduêìa db oacsh pbrgada`thc; HH^, ?>>8 * Jb`jgvbltaegh `ìa ç utgcgzhda saeb`tb phrh rbeavbr phtacajgh (oacsh), ush-sb jb`jgvbltaegh phrh dgeg`ugr oacsh pbrgada`thc, ehs ush-sb jb`jgvbltaegh eugths vbzbs theoçe hpb`hs par bstçtglh; a G`dglhêòbs6
db
oacshs suprhpraiu`dgdhdbs
dgibrb`tbs; Bcgeg`hêìa db oacshs g`irhüssbhs; db oacshs qub Bcgeg`hêìa htg`jbe au uctrhphsshe h FEJ (fu`êìa eula-jb`jgvhc); ^ralbssas hjudas;
Bcgeg`hêìa db oacshs jb`jgvhgs/psbudaoacsh Oacshs ihcshs, a`db tbe-sb ueh mgpbrpchsgh ehs qub `ìa tbe pralbssa phtacüjgla hssalghda; Bcgeg`hêìa db oacshs suprh-üssbhs db praiu`dgdhdbs sbebcmh`tbs \b `a g`lgsgva 88 tbe ueh oacsh pbrgada`thc db 4 ee, b `a g`lgsgva ?8 tbe ueh oacsh pbrgada`thc db 9 ee, `ìa vhg-sb rbsacvbr lae jb`jgvbltaegh, pags bchs sìa dgibrb`tbs, phrh padbr rbsacvbr lae jb`jgvbltaegh hs oacshs tbe qub tbr praiu`dgdhdbs sbebcmh`tbs, sb `ìa vhg iglhr lae ueh hssgebtrgh da sarrgsa; db mgpbrpchsghs Bcgeg`hêìa jb`jgvhgs (lhudhs par hphrbcmas artadô`tglas); Bcgeg`hêìa da lrbslgeb`ta jb`jgvhc drajh-g`duzgda ^hlgb`tbs qub ihzbe a usa db ebdglhêìa qub lhush mgpbrpchsgh jb`jgvhc
(Bxbepcas
db
a
Tçl`glh
db Jb`jgvbltaegh6 Tçl`glh dh
G`lgsìa
phrh
G`lgsìa
Cg`bhr
(_aoglsbk, 8==4) @a laebêa utgcgzhvh-sb bssh tçl`glh; Tçl`glh dh G`lgsìa La`tar`hdh (Vb`tcbr, 878=) ^astbrgareb`tb phssau-sb h utgcgzhr bssh tçl`glh; db Jacdhe, 8728 Tçl`glh (htuhceb`tb utgcgzh-sb bssh tçl`glh)6 Ehrlhêìa da sucla jb`jgvhc au oacsh pbrgada`thc lae sa`dh h egcgebtrhdh; G`lgsìa prgeèrgh lae ogsturg cïeg`h 82l au jb`jgvütaea db
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h < Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Kgrkch`d “ `hs Kgrkch`d “ `hs ihlbs vbstgouchr b phchtg`h/cg`juhc da db`tb ha rbdar das pa`tas sh`jrh`tbs; \bju`dh g`lgsìa `h èrbh g`tbrdb`thc (jb`jgvütaea db Aroh`) ^hrh tbr lbrtbzh qub vhg cgobrhr hs phrtbs praxgehgs da tblgda; Tbrlbgrh g`lgsìa g`trhsuluchr; Dbpags qub ihz h tbrlbgrh g`lgsìa bssb lachrg`ma fè bstè tada sacta, pags fè g`lgsau h vbstgouchr, h phchtg`h/cg`juhc hs g`tbrpraxgehgs b g`trhsuluchr, b`tìa ç sü utgcgzhr ueh lurbth l urbth b puxhr; _beaêìa das tblgdas g`lgshdas lae lurbth; La`tracb dh mbearrhjgh grrgjh`da; Lgeb`ta lgrörjgla (aplga`hc); @ìa ç ibgth suturh; Lglhtrgzhêìa :-84 dghs; a
Larrbêìa
lgrörjglh
da
sarrgsa
jb`jgvhc6 H sbquæ`lgh ç h ebseh; Ihz ehrlhêìa das pa`tas sh`jrh`tbs A gdbhc ç ihzbr træs ehrlhêòbs be lhdh db`tb (vbstgouchr), phrh sb jughr ebcmar eçsga vbstgouchr, vbstgouchr b dgsta vbstgouchr; Laea ç ueh lgrurjgh bstçtglh `ìa ihz ha rbdar db tada a db`tb, qubr dgeg`ugr h jb`jgvh qub hphrblb, hueb`th`da h larah da db`tb da phlgb`tb, sü ihz `h vbstgouchr; Dbpags qub sb ibz h ehrlhêìa, ihz-sb h prgebgrh g`lgsìa, qub vhg sbr `as pa`tas sh`jrh`tbs; ^hrh larrbêìa da sarrgsa jb`jgvhc a gdbhc ç ihzbr db`tb par db`tb,
rbeavb ue lachrg`ma fè sbrvb db phrïebtra phrh autra db`tb qub sb iar ihzbr, pags tbe qub tbr tada ue la`tracb dh hssgebtrgh bstçtglh da sarrgsa; Dbpags `h g`tbrpraxgehc phssh phrh sb`tgr qub dbslacau h jb`jgvh dhs g`tbrpraxgehgs; H tbrlbgrh g`lgsìa vhg sbr g`trhsuluchr; Dbpags qub sb ihz bsshs træs g`lgsòbs, a tblgda bstè sacta, ç sü pbjhr ueh lurbth b puxhr; _beavb a tblgda; Dbpags hssalghda î jb`jgvbltaegh ihz-sb h astbataegh phrh qub sb tb`mh bsphêa ogacüjgla, lrgh`da ue bsphêa ogacüjgla `ava; Dbslach a rbthcma tada lae a dbslachdar db eact ?-4, ihzb`da
ue dbslacheb`ta eulapbrgasthc phrh sb tbr hlbssa dgrbta ha assa, phrh rbeavbr assa; Dbpags vhg-sb lae ueh oralh au lg`zbc; H astbataegh vhg-sb tgrhr db ? î < ee db assa, dbpb`db`da dh oralh qub sb usb ç hpb`hs a dgïebtra dh oralh qub vhg-sb phsshr, dbpags pbjh-sb ueh sa`dh egcgebtrhdh, b ebdb phrh vbr sb fè la`sbjugu a bsphêa qub
sb qubr; Dbpags lacalh-sb a tblgda be pasgêìa b suturh phpgch par phpgch;
htç parqub ue db`tb qub sb Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 4 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
_bthcma db Zgdeh` Eadgiglhda a
Tçl`glh dbslrgth par _heifard b
@gsscb (87:4);
?ª G`lgsìa6 margza`thceb`tb b prüxgeh î lrgsth üssbh; < G`lgsìa6 g`trhsuluchr (sbphrh a lachr jb`jgvhc); Dbslacheb`ta eulapbrgasthc, tgrh a lachrg`ma g`lgshda; Dborgdheb`ta dh rbjgìa; Astbapchstgh b astbataegh, sb `blbssèrga (eugths vbzbs ç
`blbssèrgh); _bpasglga`heb`ta da rbthcma; \uturh g`tbrpraxgehc b lgeb`ta lgrörjgla (aplga`hc).
Yh`thjb`s6 Aotb`êìa db å`tgeh hdhpthêìa
a
a
La`mblgdh
laea tçl`glh db rhsphjbe be lhepa hobrta ç h ehgs utgcgzhdh phrh rhsphjbe be
lhepa hobrta htç mafb, au utgcgzhsb h tçl`glh db Kgrkch`d; AO\.6 Dgibrb`êh b`trb h tçl`glh db _bthcma db Zgdeh` Eadgiglhda b h tçl`glh db Kgrkch`d @h prgebgrh, sb rbeavb ue pbqub`a lachrg`ma dh oacsh jb`jgvhc, phrh dgeg`ugr h oacsh jb`jgvhc, fè h sbju`dh tçl`glh (kgrkch`d) `ìa tbe h rbeaêìa da lachrg`ma; a Htuhceb`tb ç a ehgs utgcgzhda phrh rbeavbr lèclucas b rbduzgr oacshs; a
das tblgdas eacbs îs supbriålgbs rhdgluchrbs; Trhueh eå`gea da assa hcvbachr b tblgda la`fu`tgva; Eb`ar bxpasgêìa dhs supbriålgbs
^hlgb`tbs
lae
oacshs
eugta
praiu`dhs; a Tçl`glh6 G`lgsìa g`glghc6 ogsbc g`tbr`a >,2 h 8 ee dh ehrjbe jb`jgvhc, phrhcbch ha ca`ja bgxa ca`jgtudg`hc, phrh rbeaêìa da lachrg`ma; Ogsbc g`tbr`a 42¶ b sbeprb h cïeg`h da ogsturg vgrhdh phrh a èpglb da db`tb b a lhoa da ogsturg vacthda phrh h larah da
rhdgluchrbs;
Lu`mh Dgsthc6 Tçl`glh utgcgzhdh phrh rbeaêìa db
a
oacshs `h rbjgìa db tuobrasgdhdb (ehxgch) b rbtraeachr (eh`dåouch) lae jb`jgvh igorütglh; Hs g`lgsòbs sìa dgibrb`tbs `h ehxgch b
a
`h eh`dåouch6
Ehxgch6 hs g`lgsòbs sìa ibgths dgvbrjg`da phrh a assa, dh`da ue iarehta, hpraxgehdheb`tb trhpbzagdhc; Eh`dåouch6 hs g`lgsòbs sìa ibgths la`vbrjg`da phrh a assa, dh`da ue iarehta trgh`juchr;
db`tb; Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 2 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
EACH_B\ \R^B_GA_B\ Hs g`lgsòbs vìa sbr dgvbrjg`da phrh a rboarda üssba, dbpags ihz h tbrlbgrh, rbeavb a trhpçzga, fu`th hs duhs oardhs b dbpags suturh.
a
@h ehgargh das lhsas, rbeavb-sb
hpb`hs tblgda eacb; a Tçl`glh6 G`lgsòbs vbrtglhgs vbstgouchr b cg`juhc rbhcgzhdhs ha ca`ja da töobr dh ehxgch au rbjgìa rbtraeachr dh eh`dåouch, be iarehs trhpbzagdhc b trgh`juchr, rbspbltgvheb`tb; Hihstheb`ta dhs oardhs
EACH_B\ G@IB_GA_B\ \brìa ibgth < g`lgsòbs, duhs la`vbrjg`da phrh a rboarda üssba, ueh `h vbstgouchr b ueh `h cg`juhc, b ueh tbrlbgrh par ohgxa, caja a trgï`juca db tblgda jb`jgvhc vhg shgr, dbpags vhg u`gr hs duhs phrtb b suturhr,
Lu`mh g`tbrpraxgehc6
dgeg`ug`da h hcturh da tblgda. a
a
Aofbtgva th`ta `h ehxgch quh`ta `h
eh`dåouch6 db tblgda lae h _beaêìa prbsbrvhêìa db quh`tgdhdb suiglgb`tb db eulash lbrhtg`gzhdh, dh`da ha phlgb`tb ebcmarbs la`dgêòbs db mgjgb`gzhêìa; B eugths vbzbs h lu`mh ç ibgth phrh qub sb tb`mh hlbssa h dbtbreg`hdhs èrbhs qub a tblgda jb`jgvhc bstè laorg`da;
vbstgouchrbs/phchthc g`lgshdhs; _beaêìa dh lu`mh (dgssblêìa b sbphrhdh) rbeaêìa da tblgda g`lgshda; Ihz h astbataegh, sb `blbssèrga; Grrgjhêìa lae sara igsgacüjgla; _bpasglga`heb`ta das rbthcmas vbstgouchr b cg`juhc/phchthc `a cujhr; \uturhs g`tbrraepgdhs;
Xuh`da sb tbe ue
bxlbssa db tblgda be ueh dhs praxgehgs au `hs duhs praxgehgs; a \bebcmh`tb î dh jb`jgvbltaegh, parçe rbhcgzhdh bspblgiglheb`tb phrh rbeaêìa dh phpgch g`tbrpraxgehc; a Jbrhceb`tb sìa db`tbs qub prblgshe ihzbr b`dada`tgh, sü qub a praigssga`hc `ìa la`sbjub ihzbr a gsacheb`ta hosacuta pags `ìa tbe bsphêa phrh sb lacalhr a jrhepa; jr hepa; a Caja ihz lae h cïeg`h 82l ueh g`lgsìa, phrh rbeavbr a tblgda, dbpags qub rbeavb a tblgda, sa`dh phrh shobr sb tbe bsphêa ogacüjgla, sb `ìa tgvbr bsphêa ogacüjgla, dbslach h phpgch b ihz ueh astbataegh saeb`tb `bssh rbjgìa, lacalh h phpgch be pasgêìa b suturh sü phpgch;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h 9 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
a
A gdbhc ç qub ihêh bssh lgrurjgh lae
a db`tb fè sbe cbsìa db lèrgb, pags h lgrurjgh dbvb sbr ibgth be lhepa cgepa, sü qub îs vbzbs `ìa tbe laea ihzbr gssa; a
a
cg`juhc dh rbjgìa db iurlh; _beaêìa da tblgda db jrh`uchêìa qub tbe `h rbjgìa dh cbsìa _H_ _hsphjbe b hcgsheb`ta
G`dglhêòbs6 Hueb`ta
db larah lcå`glh, `arehceb`tb sbe `blbssgdhdb db
rhdgluchr obedh ibgta; Hepcghêìa èrbh db iurlh htrhvçs dh rbeaêìa db phrtb da assa g`tbrrhdgluchr ibgta lae lg`zbc au lae oralhs (parçe dbvb taehr lugdhda ha utgcgzhr h oralh); _bla`tar`a dh lrgsth üssbh hcvbachr lae rbeaêìa db phrtb da assa g`tbrpraxgehc `hs rbjgòbs ebsghc b dgsthc da db`tb; _bpasglga`heb`ta hpglhc da
htg`jgr tblgda üssba; ^hrh bsphêas pratçtglas, a`db, `as db`tbs hdfhlb`tbs h bcb, mhfh oacshs suprh-üssbhs; _bsthurhêìa db lhvgdhdbs lchssb GG qub passube bxtb`sìa ehrjg`hc suojb`jgvhc;
a
Htb`êìa6 Xuh`da mè a laepraebtgeb`ta
dhs dgstï`lghs ogacüjglhs, h rbhcgzhêìa dh lu`mh
rbthcma, ha `åvbc dh lrgsth üssbh g`tbrpraxgehc b g`tbrrhdgluchr; \uturh. a Xube sb suoebtb h bssb tgpa db pralbdgeb`ta, tbe qub iglhr utgcgzh`da h bslavh u`gtuia phrh ihzbr h mgjgb`gzhêìa;
g`tbrpraxgehc dbvb sbr hssalghdh î astbataegh htrhvçs db rbthcma; (Labcma bt hc., ?>>=)
Tu`bcgzhêìa a
@ìa ç ueh tçl`glh
bstçtglh, ehs eugths vbzbs ç ueh apêìa qub a phlgb`tb tbe phrh eh`tbr a db`tb `h lhvgdhdb arhc; a Rtgcgzhdh phrh trhtheb`ta db cbsòbs db iurlh jrhu GG b GGG be eachrbs g`ibrgarbs; a @ìa sbrvb phrh eachrbs supbrgarbs, par la`th dhs rhåzbs, `ìa sb la`sbjub ihzbr ueh tu`bcgzhêìa; a ^raeavb h bxpasgêìa lgrörjglh b a trhtheb`ta db tadh h èrbh db iurlh;
Tçl`glh6 Bcbvhêìa das rbthcmas vbstgouchr b
Bxastasbs a
Bxlrbslæ`lghs
(lrbslgeb`ta) üssbhs la`vbxhs b obe dbig`gdhs; a A sbu lrbslgeb`ta ç cb`ta b prajrbssgva; a Calhcgzhêìa6 _bjgìa db suturh eçdga-phchtg`h (rhib phchtg`h); \upbriålgb cg`juhc, `h rbjgìa db prç-eachrbs, padb`da sbr u`g au ogchtbrhgs; a @ìa ç tadh bxastasb qub tbe g`dglhêìa phrh sbr rbeavgdh; a
G`dglhêìa phrh rbeaêìa6
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h : Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
G`tbribræ`lgh `h dglêìa da phlgb`tb; Lhush db dar (rhra); Dgiglucdhdb `h ia`hêìa; ^hrh rbhogcgthêìa pratçtglh da phlgb`tb; Laea èrbh dahdarh db assa hutüjb`a. a _beaêìa db bxastasb eh`dgouchr;
Be ue lhsa db bxastasb eh`dgouchr; H h`bstbsgh dhdh phrh bssb lhsa vhg sbr h ptbrgjaeh`dgouchr, b lhsa `blbssèrga vhg laepcbeb`th`da h h`bstbsgh; Ihz-sb ueh g`lgsìa g`trhsuluchr db iarh h iarh, b dbslach lae a dbslachdar db eact ?-4, b dbslach lae eugta lugdhda par a tblgda ç eugta dbcjhda, caja tbe qub tbr ueh dbcglhdbzh `a pralbssa; Yhg lae ueh oralh ueh g`lgsìa ehgs praiu`dh ihzb`da ueh lh`hcbth; Dbpags lacalh a g`strueb`thc lae ue ehrtbcg`ma b ohtb vhjhrasheb`tb; Dbpags vhg lae ueh oralh; Hs bspgluchs sìa hpchg`hdh lae h ehxglut b grrgjhêìa lae sara, quh`da tuda tgvbr obe cgsa, lacalh-sb a tblgda phrh suturhr;
a
AO\B_YHÊÒB\ JB_HG\ Ogsbc bxtbr`a6 Ç ibgta lacalh`da h cïeg`h c ïeg`h phrh ohgxa `a db`tb, b a lhoa vacthda phrh lgeh, quh`da tgrhr h cïeg`h da tblgda, a iarehta dh jb`jgvh larthdh
ç be ogsbc bxtbr`a; Ogsbc g`tbr`a 42¶ b sbeprb h cïeg`h da ogsturg vgrhdh phrh a èpglb da db`tb b a lhoa da ogsturg vacthda phrh h larah da db`tb; db `tb; ^hrh èrbh bstçtglh a gdbhc ç OG\BC G@TB_@A;
_bibræ`lghs Ogocgajrèiglhs LH__H@VH Fr., I.H.; @BZEH@ E.J.; THKBG M.M. ^brgada`tgh lcå`glh , 7 a bd., Bd. Juh`hohrh Kaajh`, _ga db Fh`bgra, ?>>4. CG@DMB, F.; Trhthda db ^brgada`t ^brgada`tgh gh Lcå`glh b Gepch`ta G epch`tacajgh cajgh Arhc, 9ª bdgêìa.
_beaêìa db bxastasb `a phchta6 Ç ibgth ueh g`lgsìa be –W―,
dbslach`da a tblgda; _beavb h bxastasb; \uturh.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ 9¶ \bebstrb “ \bebstrb “ ?ª ?ª R`gdhdb “ R`gdhdb “ Huch Huch 8 “ 8 “ ^ralbdgeb`tas ^ralbdgeb`tas Lgrörjglas ^brgada`thgs - N_bsueada`tacajgh ^èjg`h = Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? - Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs
LCH\\B GG6 _btrhêìa da tblgda ehrjg`hc qub sb bstb`db htç au hcçe dh fu`êìa eula jb`jgvhc; @ìa mè pbrdh db lrgsth üssbh `be db tblgda eacb g`tbrdb`thgs;
LCH\\B GGG6 _btrhêìa qub sb bstb`db htç au hcçe dh fu`êìa eula jb`jgvhc; ^rbsb`êh db pbrdh db lrgsth üssbh b db tblgda ehrjg`hc `h rbjgìa g`tbrpraxgehc g`ibrgar g`ibrgar î rblbssìa
LG_R_JGH ERLAJB@JGYHC6 ^ralbdgeb`ta lgrörjgla dbsgj`hda h larrgjgr dbibgtas `h eariacajgh, pasgêìa b/au `h quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvh be tar`a das db`tbs (Hlhdbegh Hebrglh`h db ^brgada`tgh); HH^ “ H lgrurjgh eulajb`jgvhc theoçe ç lmhehdh db Lgrurjgh ^cèstglh ^brgada`thc “ pags eugths vbzbs bch b`vacvb h phrtb bstçtglh das tblgdas eacbs; Aofbtgvas dbssb tgpa db lgrurjgh6 Jh`ma Jb`jgvhc; Laobrturh db rhåzbs; Larrbêìa db dbibgtas `h eulash; Hueb`ta db rboarda bdæ`tuca; Hueb`ta db larah lcå`glh. ebxb -sb th`ta be tblgda @bssb tgpa db lgrurjgh ebxb-sb qubrhtg`gzhda laea theoçe be eulash hcvbachr; prbsbrvhr,, H lgrurjgh eulajb`jgvhc vgsh prbsbrvhr hueb`thr au ebsea rbpar hueb`thr rbpar jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh, hcçe db ouslhr a rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr, pbchs lgrurjghs db rbthcma. Caja, padb-sb ch`êhr eìa db hcjue tgpa db lgrurjgh eulajb`jgvhc phrh tb`thr rbhvbr h quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh. _BTHCMA\ _B^A\GLGA@HDA\6 Lara`hceb`tb; Chtbrhceb`tb Hpglhceb`tb; B@]B_TA JB@JGYHC CGY_B; I_B@BLTAEGH. 8. 8. _blbssìa Jb`jgvhc “ Lchssgiglhêìa db Egccbr, 87=26 LCH\\B G6 _btrhêìa da tblgda jb`jgvhc qub `ìa sb bstb`db htç h cg`mh/fu`êìa eula jb`jgvhc; @ìa mè pbrdh db lrgsth üssbh `be tblgda eacb g`tbrdb`thgs; H cg`mh au fu`êìa eulajb`jgvhc sbphrh h jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh db eulash hcvbachr.
vbstgouchr;
LCH\\B GY6 _btrhêìa qub sb bstb`db hcçe dh fu`êìa eula jb`jgvhc; jb`jgvhc; ^rbsb`êh db pbrdh üssbh b db tblgda ehrjg`hc `h rbjgìa g`tbrpraxgehc supbrgar î supbrgar î rblbssìa vbstgouchr, gepcglh`da ehgs db ueh ihlb da db`tb; db`tb; Ç h pgar qub sb tbe phrh trhohcmhr, ç eugta laepcglhda db la`sbjugr rbhvbr tblgda `bssh rbjgìa, ebsea lae b`xbrta db tblgda eacb b db tblgda üssba. üssba.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 8
A laepcbta rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr sü padb sbr hclh`êhda `as dbibgtas Lchssb G b GG db Egccbr; Egccbr; Lchssb GGG6 ^rbvgsìa db laobrturh rhdgluchr phrlghc; phrlghc; Lchssb GY6 @ìa mè prbvgsgogcgdhdb db laobrturh rhdgluchr pbcas eçtadas lgrörjglas la`vb`lga`hgs. la`vb`lga`hgs. _B^A\GLGA@HDA\6 _BTHCMA\ _B^A\GLGA@HDA\6 Lara`hceb`tb \brvb phrh rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr; Hpglhceb`tb; Chtbrhceb`tb \brvb phrh rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr; rhdgluchr; LA_A@HC B _BTHCMA\ _B^A\GLGA@HDA\ LA_A@HC CHTB_HC66 CHTB_HC \brvbe phrh _BLB\\ÌA JB@JGYHC; _B^A\GLGA@HDA _BTHCMA LA_A@HCEB@TB66 LA_A@HCEB@TB
a
a
^hrh dbvacvbr jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh vhg `a phchta, tgrh a tblgda bpgtbcghc b la`fu`tgva da phchta (b`xbrta jb`jgvhc cgvrb) lmbjh `h rbjgìa, prbphrh a cbgta rblbptar, dbsbpgtbcgzh, prbphrh tuda phrh rblbobr b lacalh a b`xbrta, bspbrh lglhtrgzhr, dbpags qub lglhtrgzhr, cbvh`th a tblgda qub lacalau b cbvh`th phrh laorgr h rblbssìa; rblbssìa; Bspbrh-sb db h 4> dghs phrh padbr cbvh`thr a tblgda. tblgda.
^hrïebtras phrh a sulbssa dbssh lgrurjgh6 lgrurjgh6 \uclas rhsas `hs supbriålgbs praxgehgs a hdfhlb`tbs; hdfhlb`tbs; a H lrgsth üssbh g`tbrpraxgehc dbvb bsthr prüxgeh da `arehc Htç padb tbr ueh lbrth pbrdh, parçe eugta pbqub`h, sb iar eugta jrh`db h pbrdh, `be hdgh`th ihzbr; ihzbr; a @as db`tbs hdfhlb`tbs h hcturh da assa
G`dglhêìa6 G`dglhêìa6 _blaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr, rblaepar a jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh b rbduêìa db sb`sgogcgdhdb; sb`sgogcgdhdb; Bxbluêìa66 Bxbluêìa a ^adb sbr ibgta be ueh au duhs bthphs; bthphs; A qub vhg ihzbr bslacmbr ihzbr h tçl`glh a
dbvb bsthr h, `a eèxgea, 8 ee dh FLB (Fu`êìa Lbeb`ta-Bsehctb); Lbeb`ta-Bsehctb); a A dbscalheb`ta lara`èrga dbvb sbr bxbluthda 9 sbeh`hs hpüs a b`xbrta cgvrb (rbphrhêìa b suprgeb`ta sh`juå`ba); sh`juå`ba); A rbthcma dbvb sbr suturhda >,2 h 8 a ee lara`hceb`tb î FLB (Fu`êìa Lbeb`ta-Bsehctb) Tbe qub puxhr a rbthcma b `ìa vhg suturhr bcb be lgeh dh fu`êìa lbeb`ta-bsehctb, suturh bcb ehgs phrh lara`hc passåvbc, pags
be ueh au duhs bthphs vhg sbr sb a phlgb`tb tbe au `ìa quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh suiglgb`tb; suiglgb`tb; a \b a phlgb`tb tbe quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh suiglgb`tb `hqubcb db`tb qub tbe h rblbssìa, vhg-sb rbhcgzhr h lgrurjgh be hpb`hs ueh bthph, sb bcb `ìa tbe, vhg-sb rbhcgzhr be duhs bthphs, a`db prgebgra vhg dbvacvbr jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh phrh a phlgb`tb b be ueh sbju`dh bthph vhgsb trhlga`hr h jb`jgvh qub la`sbjugu
quh`da bssb tblgda lglhtrgzh bcb vhg rbtrhgr. ^hrh la`sbjugr bssh bchstglgdhdb, quh`da dbslach a rbthcma tbe qub uctrhphsshr h cg`mh au fu`êìa eulajb`jgvhc, sb `ìa igzbr gssa, `ìa vhg tbr bchstglgdhdb `a tblgda, `ìa la`sbjug`da puxhr bcb; bcb; a Dbsla`theg`hêìa rhdgluchr lae hjb`tb quåegla (èlgda låtrgla au BDTH) ^_B^H_A DH È_BH _BLB^TA_H Ihz h rhsphjbe lae hs lurbths `arehgs, dbpags hpcglh ue hjb`tb
dbvacvbr phrh a phlgb`tb; phlgb`tb;
quåegla. quåegla.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h ?
^rbphra quåegla dhs supbriålgbs rhdgluchrbs lae BDTH ?4% \ü `h rhgz bxpasth; bxpasth; Aosbrvhr hs rhåzbs cgshs b pacgdhs hpüs a a prbphra quåegla; quåegla; a _bthcma sb`da trhlga`hda be dgrbêìa lara`hc phrh vbrgiglhr h phssgvgdhdb; phssgvgdhdb; a ^üs-apbrhtürga gebdghta; gebdghta;
_bthcma dgvgdgda bstb`db`da-sb htç h èrbh db eulash hcvbachr; hcvbachr; a Jb`jgvapchstgh phpgchr Dbsbpgtbcgzhêìa dh phpgch, phrh `h marh qub puxh a rbthcma b suturhr tbr ue la`thta eugta g`tgea lae bssb tblgda dh phpgch phrh aotbr ueh oah vhsluchrgzhêìa, lgrluchêìa sh`juå`bh; sh`juå`bh; \uturh da rbthcma be pasgêìa a
a
a
lara`èrgh; lara`èrgh; a Lgeb`ta lgrörjgla6 lgrörjgla6 @ìa ç aorgjhda lacalhr lgeb`ta lgrörjgla, ehs ç ue la`iarta phrh a phlgb`tb; phlgb`tb; hcju`s lgeb`tas Bxgstbe lgrörjglas qub huxgcghe `h lglhtrgzhêìa lglhtrgzhêìa
Tçl`glh6 Tçl`glh6 Ygsth a rbjgìa a
g`glghc
bcbeb`tas; bcbeb`tas; G`lgsìa ogsbchdh
dh das g`glghc
–dbsb`mh`da― hs `avhs phpgchs qub
sbrìa pasglga`hdhs be dgrbêìa lara`hc; lara`hc; ^rbphra da rbthcma dgvgdgda dgvgdgda hcçe dh a fu`êìa eulajb`jgvhc phrh dhr eaogcgdhdb ha rbthcma; rbthcma; H parêìa bpgtbcghc dh phpgch dbvb sbr a rbeavgdh phrh lrghr ue cbgta db la`fu`tgva phrh h –`avh― phpgch qub
sbrè rbpasglga`hdh; rbpasglga`hdh; a
^arêìa bpgtbcghc dh phpgch sb`da rbeavgdh; rbeavgdh;
La`fu`tgva bxpasta `hs phpgchs; phpgchs; ^rbphra eblï`gla dh supbriålgb a rhdgluchr da bcbeb`ta lae lurth db Jrhlby; Jrhlby; a
Aosbrvhr h suturh bsthogcgzh`da `h parêìa supbrgar da rbthcma; _B^A\GLGA@HDA _BTHCMA CHTB_HCEB@TB66 CHTB_HCEB@TB a
Rshda phrh rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr htrhvçs db dahêìa db tblgda vgzg`ma (rbthcma dgvgdgda); dgvgdgda); Xuh`da a db`tb qub tbe h rblbssìa `ìa tbe quh`tgdhdb db tblgda suiglgb`tb phrh trhlga`hr, parçe a db`tb da chda tbe, b`tìa pbjh-sb tblgda dbssb db`tb da chda phrh iblmhr h rblbssìa dbcb; dbcb; G`dglhêìa6 G`dglhêìa6 a Ebcmarh dhs la`dgêòbs bstçtglhs; bstçtglhs; _blaepasgêìa dh jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh; g`sbrgdh; a a _bduêìa dh sb`sgogcgdhdb; sb`sgogcgdhdb; G`dglhêìa6 La`trh- G`dglhêìa6 Trhtheb`ta db rblbssòbs eöctgpchs; eöctgpchs; a a ^hlgb`tb lae vbståouca rhsa, pags `ìa vhg tbr tblgda eulajb`jgvhc suiglgb`tb; suiglgb`tb; ^aulh quh`tgdhdb db jb`jgvhc chtbrhc a (jb`jgvh `a db`tb hdfhlb`tb); hdfhlb`tb); ^hlgb`tb lae eè mgjgb`b oulhc (sbrvb a phrh tadhs) tadhs) a _btrhêòbs eugta chrjhs lae prabeg`æ`lgh rhdgluchr \b h rhgz tgvbr eugta vbstgouchrgzhdh `ìa g`dglh ihzbr. ihzbr.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h <
Tçl`glh6 Tçl`glh6 a Dbcgegthêìa (dbsb`ma) da cbgta rblbptar da b`xbrta6 b`xbrta6 ^bjh-sb a tblgda da db`tb hdfhlb`tb, b vhg puxhr phrh laorgr h rblbssìa da chtbrhc; chtbrhc; H prgebgrh g`lgsìa ç < ee ebsghceb`tb ha db`tb, dbpags ihz h sbju`dh g`lgsìa qub iglh phrhcbch î rblbssìa, b h tbrlbgrh g`lgsìa, hssge dbcgegth`da h èrbh qub vhg rblbobr a b`xbrta; b`xbrta; theoçe dbcgegthr a Yhg-sb dbsb`ma da rbthcma, qub ç a pbdhêa db tblgda qub vhg puxhr phrh laorgr a cbgta rblbptar; rblbptar; Reh g`lgsìa vbrtglhc ha ca`ja dh ehrjbe dgsthc dh rblbssìa, qub la`tg`uh `h eulash hcvbachr (laeue ha cbgta rblbptar); rblbptar); Reh g`lgsìa margza`thc phrhehrjg`hc `a tblgda qubrhtg`gzhda b db 9 ee supbrgar ha theh`ma dh bxpasgêìa rhdgluchr; rhdgluchr; Autrh g`lgsìa vbrtglhc aocåquh `h dgrbêìa da rbpasglga`heb`ta da rbthcma b phrhcbch î prgebgrh g`lgsìa vbrtglhc g`trhsuluchr. g`trhsuluchr. Yhg pbjhr h cïeg`h db ogsturg 82l b ihz ue rbthcma dgvgdgda `h èrbh da dbsb`ma da rbthcma; rbthcma; ^bjh-sb a bpgtçcga lae h ebthdb da la`fu`tgva b puxh, iglh`da bxpasta, a`db vhg bpgtbcgzhr `avheb`tb be ueh sbeh`h ehgs au eb`as; eb`as; a Dbsb`ma da cbgta6 cbgta6
?. ?. B@]B_TA JB@JGYHC CGY_B6 Tçl`glh lgrörjglh g`dglhdh phrh a hueb`ta dh jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh; dahdarh) ç h ö`glh èrbh dh ^hchta (èrbh dahdarh) lhvgdhdb arhc a`db padb-sb tgrhr bssb tblgda, pags cè tbe lbrhtg`h, b prblgsh-sb dbssh lbrhtg`h; ^bca ihta db sbr rbvbstgdh par ueh lhehdh db qubrhtg`h; H èrbh db rbeaêìa da b`xbrta6 da prgebgra prç-eachr ha sbju`da eachr; Aosbrvhr6 Aosbrvhr6 Calhcgzhêìa b trhfbtas dhs hrtçrghs phchtg`hs; b trhfbtas das `brvas Calhcgzhêìa phchtg`as; Bspbssurh b quhcgdhdb da tblgda dahdar. Dbsvh`thjb`s6 @a såtga dahdar, h lglhtrgzhêìa alarrb par sbju`dh g`tb`êìa, padb`da praparlga`hr ue püs-apbrhtürga dacarasa;
Hpüs h lglhtrgzhêìa das tblgdas, a hspblta dh eulash hprbsb`th lhrhltbråstglhs lcå`glhs sbebcmh`tbs îs dh eulash da phchta (èrbh dahdarh) b `ìa gjuhc ha dhs èrbhs hdfhlb`tbs ha b`xbrta;
Tçl`glh6 ^rbphra da cbgta rblbptar6 bxpasgêìa da tblgda la`fu`tgva phrh pastbrgar lacalhêìa da b`xbrta; Aotb`êìa da b`xbrta dh èrbh dahdarh (bspbssurh b`trb 8 b 8,2 ee); Trh`sibræ`lgh b geaogcgzhêìa da b`xbrta (`ìa padb tbr g`tbribræ`lgh da b`xbrta `h ihch) a Cgepbzh da cbgta rblbptar; Hdhpthêìa igreb par prbssìa da a b`xbrta `a cbgta;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 4
_bjgìa phchtg`h b`trb prç-eachrbs b eachrbs b pastbrgar suturh; a @ìa vhg rbtgrhr bpgtçcga, sü vhg tgrhr a la`fu`tgva, b phrh a phlgb`tb ç ütgea, be rbchêìa h rblupbrhêìa; Lacalhêìa da b`xbrta6 a Lacalh-sb a b`xbrta `a cbgta rblbptar b suturh lae iga hosarvåvbc; \uturh da rbthcma dgvgdgda saorb a a
Ybrgiglhêìa db g`tbribræ`lgh durh`tb as eavgeb`tas das cèogas; a \uturh chtbrhgs au suspb`sürghs, pags dbgxhe a b`xbrta igxhda; ^hssa h phssa6 Aotb`êìa da b`xbrta da phchta; \uturh dh èrbh dahdarh; Hssalghêìa db suturhs.
a
a
2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 2
^rbsbrvh h ihgxh db jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh, ihtar geparth`tb phrh h bsthogcgdhdb jb`jgvhc be prbphras suojb`jgvhgs, bvgth`da rblbssòbs b bxpasgêìa dh ehrjbe dhs rbsthurhêòbs.
2. 2. I_B@BLTAEGH6
Hcjuehs pbssahs tbe g`dglhêìa phrh rbeaêìa da irbga choghc b /au cg`juhc, pags bssb irbga bstè iarh dh pasgêìa, dgiglucth`da h iareh db ihchr, h utgcgzhêìa db prütbsb; Be hcjuehs pbssahs a irbga padb bsthr iarh dh pasgêìa mhogtuhc, dgiglucth`da h ia`hêìa, hcgeb`thêìa b bstçtglh; G`dglhêòbs6 ^raocbeh db cgegthêìa das eavgeb`tas dh cå`juh b das cèogas; a Ihlgcgthr iblmheb`ta db dghstbeh b`trb as g`lgsgvas lb`trhgs supbrgarbs hpüs rbeaêìa db hphrbcma artadô`tgla, dgeg`ug`da rblgdgvhs; pratçtgla pbch Laepraebtgeb`ta
calhcgzhêìa db suh g`sbrêìa `a rboarda hcvbachr; Hssalghêìa h ueh ihcth db tblgda qubrhtg`gzhda; Dbthcmbs iu`dheb`thgs6 @ìa H`bstbsgh g`igctrhtgvh î dgstï`lgh padb sbr ueh h`bstbsgh be lgeh da irbga, sb `ìa a irbga iglh dgsiareb, pbrdb`da h `aêìa db a`db tbe qub ihzbr h g`lgsìa, fè qub a tblgda iglhrgh g`ichda; _beaêìa db tadh g`sbrêìa igorash \b `ìa vhg tbr rblgdgvh, a irbga vacth;
_beaêìa dhs jcï`duchs shcgvhrbs eb`arbs padbe hphrblbr, b hqubch phrtb qub bstè suog`da dhs jcï`duchs sb dbgxhr tada a bxlbssa db jcï`duch, dbpags qub suturh, vhg iglhr dgsiareb h rbjgìa tblgduhc, fustheb`tb parqub bch taeh la`th dhqubcb bsphêa, `ìa dbgxh`da tblgda pracgibrhr phrh h lglhtrgzhêìa, iglh`da laea sb iassb ue bsphêa earta, b`tìa
rblaeb`dh-sb tgrhr a bxlbssa dhs jcï`duchs, `ìa tgrh-sb tuda; Tçl`glhs6 Bslacmb-sb db hlarda lae h h`htaegh da irbga qub vhg sbr rbeavgda; Tçl`glh Lcèssglh db Hrlmbr6 a H`bstbsgh g`igctrhtgvh ogchtbrhc ha irbga, dgsth`tb da irbga; a Trhlga`heb`ta choghc phrh h`tbrgar b be 42¾ db hobrturh; ^rbb`sìa lae ? pg`êhs a mbeastètglhs (Mhctbhd Easqugta), lacalh`da ueh phrhcbch b prüxgeh ha cèoga b h autrh phrhcbch h lartglhc vbstgouchr, db iareh qub hs pg`êhs igqube be iu`da db shla lae suhs pa`ths talh`da b`trb sg, iglh`da phrhcbchs ueh dh autrh; G`lgsìa dbscgzh`da a ogsturg 82l a fu`ta î lartglhc hcvbachr b h rbjgìa choghc, db iareh qub `a ig`hc dh g`lgsìa sbfh passåvbc rbeavbr hs pg`êhs fu`theb`tb lae a irbga;
La`tb`êìa da sh`jrheb`ta lae jhzb; \uturh lae pa`tas sgepcbs a g`tbrraepgdas;
a
Dgvucsìa das oardas phrh qub h eulash sbfh cgobrhdh da pch`a eusluchr;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h 9
G`lgsìa trh`svbrshc `a lb`tra da irbga; a Dgssblêìa lae cïeg`h au tbsaurh; \uturh lae iga db sbdh, lae pa`tas a sbphrhdas.
Tçl`glh Eadgiglhdh db Hrlmbr (Dupca pg`êheb`ta)6 a H dgibrb`êh dh h`tbrgar ç a eada dh g`lgsìa, h quhc ç ibgth dbscgzh`da-sb a ogsturg pbchs pg`êhs `h suh phrtb g`tbr`h, rbeavb`da a ibga prgebgrheb`tb b, be sbjugdh hs pg`êhs; Tçl`glh db G`lgsìa be Lu`mh6 H`bstbsgh g`igctrhtgvh ogchtbrhc ha irbga; Trhlga`heb`ta dgjgthc da cèoga phrh a h`tbrgar b 42¾ be hobrturh, bxpa`da a irbga trhlga`hda; Rtgcgzh-sb hpb`hs ueh pg`êh phrh a ihzbr h hprbb`sìa da irbga; Hprbb`sìa da irbga lae h pg`êh a Hccgs; a G`lgsìa fu`ta î eulash hcvbachr b h rbjgìa choghc be iareh db lu`mh, db eada qub `a ige dh g`lgsìa sbfh
a
a
_BIB_Æ@LGH\ OGOCGAJ_ÈIGLH\ OGOCGAJ_ÈIGLH\ LH__H@VH Fr., I.H.; @BZEH@ E.J.; THKBG M.M.
^brgada`tgh lcå`glh , 7 a bd., Bd. Bd. Juh`hohrh Juh`hohrh Kaajh`,
_ga db Fh`bgra, ?>>4.
passåvbc rbeavbr h pg`êh fu`ta lae a irbga; a \uturh lae pa`tas sgepcbs g`tbrraepgdas. I_B@BLTAEGH CG@JRHC6 Dbvb-sb taehr ue ehgar lugdhda lae h irb`bltaegh cg`juhc, fè qub bxgstbe ueh sçrgb db bstruturhs h`htôeglhs qub `ìa padbe sbr cbsga`hdhs b sìa ehgs ièlbgs db sbrbe cbsga`hdhs; Tçl`glh6 a H`bstbsgh g`igctrhtgvh h dgstï`lgh `h ohsb dh cå`juh au h`bstbsgh da `brva cg`juhc (ebthdb da tuobtb db ue chda, b ebthdb da autra); Dbvb sbr h`bstbsghda theoçe a a èpglb cg`juhc, phrh qub sb passh ihzbr h hprbb`sìa dh cå`juh, `ìa la`sbjub ihzbr bssh lgrurjgh sbe ihzbr h hprbb`sìa dh cå`juh, b huxgcghr tbe qub trhlga`hr h cå`juh `h dgrbêìa da èpglb da `hrgz, pa`th da `hrgz; Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb \bebstrb - ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch ? “ Lgrurjghs Eulajb`jgvhgs N_bsueada`tacajgh N_bsueada`t acajgh Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
^èjg`h :
Lrhtbrhs “ “ hibthe dags praparêòbs sbebcmh`tbs6
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ “ Huch < “ “ Tçl`glhs _bla`strutgvhs ^brgada`thgs
db`tbs
be
Tçl`glhs _bjb`brhtgvhs6 Tçl`glhs lgrörjglhs utgcgzhdhs phrh ebcmarhr a praj`üstgla lcå`gla db db`tbs pbrgada`thceb`tb laepraebtgdas par dbibgtas g`trh-üssbas b g`tbr-rhdgluchrbs; \ìa ueh tb`thtgvh db rblupbrhr a lbeb`ta, cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc b a assa hcvbachr, pbrdgdas pbch dab`êh pbrgada`thc, caja db`tbs qub fè pbrdbrhe eugths pbrdhs db g`sbrêìa; A qub a db`tb pbrdbu db tblgda db supartb `u`lh vhg la`sbjugr rbhvbr 8>>%, la`sbjub-sb ueh parlb`thjbe, ehs `u`lh tuda; @ìa alarrb laepcbth rbjb`brhêìa6 2>% rbjb`brhêìa üssbh A th`ta qub sb pbrdbu db tblgda üssba, la`sbjub rbhvbr h ebthdb; ?2% db g`sbrêìa la`fu`tgvh lae igorhs
Lchssgiglhêìa das dbibgtas g`irh-üssbas6 Be rbchêìa î suh bxtb`sìa tapajrèiglh ha rbdar da db`tb;
lacèjb`hs phrhcbchs î rhgz; _bsth`tb db bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc ca`ja H phrtb tadh qub `ìa sb la`sbjub rbjb`brhr, sb trh`siareh `bssb bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc ca`ja, caja dgz qub a db`tb tbe ueh quh`tgdhdb db bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc ca`ja; ^ralbdgeb`tas utgcgzhdas `ìa saeb`tb `as db`tbs `hturhgs laea theoçe `as gepch`tbs assbag`tbjrhdas6 B`xbrta üssba; Ihtarbs db lrbslgeb`ta; Ebeorh`h ogacüjglhs;
Lrhtbrh g`tbrpraxgehc bstè b`vacvb`da ehgs db ueh u`gdhdb db`tèrgh, pags fè mauvb ueh pbrdh jrh`db db tblgda üssba, b`vacvb`da db`tb hdfhlb`tb;
Tçl`glhs rbjb`brhtgvhs6 \uodgvgdgda be dags jrupas6 \BE \BE huxåcga db b`xbrta üssba “ “ _TJ (_bjb`brhêìa Tblgduhc Jughdh); LAE huxgcga db b`xbrta üssba “ LAE “ _AJ
rbpasglga`hda lara`hceb`tb. _bthcma Eugths vbzbs sìa ibgths tçl`glhs rbjb`brhtgvhs be gepch`tbs, phrh pbca eb`as eh`tbr a gepch`tb;
Lchssgiglhêìa das Dbibgtas üssbas ^brgada`thgs6 Dbibgtas suprh-üssbas6 H ohsb dh oacsh bstè calhcgzhdh lara`hc î lrgsth üssbh; Dbibgtas g`irh-üssbas6 H ohsb dh oacsh bstè calhcgzhdh hpglhc be rbchêìa î lrgsth üssbh;
g`irh-üssbas Dbibgtas prgehrgheb`tb ue db`tb;
“
hibthe
(_bjb`brhêìa Üssbh Jughdh). 8. 8. _bjb`brhêìa Tblgduhc Jughdh “ Jughdh “ _TJ6 _TJ6 Aofbtgva6 Xubr-sb rbla`stgtugr hpb`hs tblgda; La`sbjugr rblaorgeb`ta rhdgluchr lae jh`ma db g`sbrêìa lcå`glh; Yhg ihzbr bssh lgrurjgh utgcgzh`da ueh ohrrbgrh iåsglh “ iåsglh “ ebeorh`h ebeorh`h ogacüjglh; Bssh ebeorh`h ogacüjglh ç utgcgzhdh phrh gepbdgr qub `hqubcb dbibgta üssba alarrh ueh pracgibrhêìa eugta jrh`db db bpgtçcga, b
qub `ìa saorb bsphêa phrh h `baiarehêìa db
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch < “ Tçl`glhs _bla`strutgvh _bla`strutgvhss ^brgada`thgs N_buseada`tacajgh N_buseada`t acajgh ^èjg`h 8 Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
tblgda la`fu`tgva b db cgjheb`ta cgj heb`ta pbrgada`thc, pags a bpgtçcga pracgibrh eugta ehgs rhpgdheb`tb da qub bsshs autrhs bstruturhs (tblgda la`fu`tgva b cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc). B`tìa `hqubcb dbibgta, sb `ìa lacalhr ueh ebeorh`h phrh lrghr a bsphêa vhzga a`db qubr qub sb `baiareb tblgda la`fu`tgva b cgjheb`ta, a bpgtçcga qub lrbslb eugta ehgs rèpgda g`vhdb a bsphêa, `ìa dbgxh`da bsphêa
quh`ta ehgs phrbdb sb tgvbr, ehgs ièlgc la`sbjub dbgxhr h ebeorh`h bstèvbc; La`trh-g`dglhêòbs6 ^hlgb`tbs iueh`tbs @ìa vhg vg`jhr h tçl`glh rbjb`brhtgvh; Èrbhs lae paulh jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh @ìa la`sbjub ihzbr, pags vhg prblgshr db ue tblgda phrh rblaorgr bssh ebeorh`h, h ebeorh`h `ìa iglh bxpasth, bssh ebeorh`h
phrh a tblgda la`fu`tgva, qub sb qubr; Rsa db ohrrbgrh iåsglh6 ^hrh gepbdgr h egjrhêìa gebdghth da bpgtçcga phrh h ibrgdh, fè qub hs lçcuchs da bpgtçcga fu`lga`hc sb pracgibrhe ehgs rhpgdheb`tb qub hs da tblgda la`fu`tgva b cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc; ohrrbgrhs phrh laorgr a assa b a Lacalhêìa db ohrrbgrhs cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc sbphrh`da-as tbeparhrgheb`tb da bpgtçcga b la`fu`tgva; Bssh sbphrhêìa pbregtb h pracgibrhêìa dhs lçcuchs da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc rbeh`bslb`tb
vhg iglhr suoebrsh, pags par lgeh dbch vhg trhlga`hr a tblgda da prüprga phlgb`tb phrh laorgr, b`tìa sb tbe paulh jb`jgvh g`sbrgdh `ìa vhg la`sbjugr laorgr bssh ebeorh`h, b`tìa, `ìa ihz;
b da assa hdfhlb`tb phrh rbjb`brhêìa laepcbth da supartb pbrgada`thc (cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc, lbeb`ta rhdgluchr b assa hcvbachr); Hs lçcuchs da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc sìa lhphzbs db sb dgibrb`lghrbe be lbeb`taochstas, astbaochstas b igoraochstas, ihvarblb`da a pralbssa db rbjb`brhêìa;
Bsthogcgzhêìa da laèjuca, pratbêìa dh ibrgdh b lrghêìa db bsphêa6
Bxbepca6 rbthcma dbscalhda lara`hceb`tb + hjb`tb quåegla + ebeorh`h; Ihz-sb h g`lgsìa, dbpags dbslacheb`ta eulapbrgasthc, caja be sbjugdh ihz h rhsphjbe b dborgdheb`ta dh rbjgìa, hvhcgh h praiu`dgdhdb db dbibgta üssba, lacalh-sb hjb`tb quåegla `hs rhåzbs b rbjgìa db iurlh, dbpags lacalh-sb ueh ebeorh`h phrh laorgr h rhgz, be lgeh dh ebeorh`h pbjh-sb a rbthcma qub mhvgh dbslacalhda, saob b laorb h ebeorh`h b ihz h suturh; Jb`jgjbc (èlgda mghcurô`gla >,?% - hjb`tb quåegla utgcgzhda) + ebeorh`h db lacèjb`a.
G`dglhêòbs phrh rbhcgzhr ueh _TJ _TJ66 Dbibgtas üssbas h`juchrbs db ? b < phrbdbs; Cbsòbs db iurlh jrhu GG be eachrbs g`ibrgarbs g`ibrgarbs (tbe duhs rhåzbs) _btrhêòbs jb`jgvhgs ehgarbs qub 2 ee; e e; AO\.6 Dbibgta üssba h`juchr db ueh phrbdb `ìa g`dglh _TJ, pags `ìa tbe phrbdb suiglgb`tb phrh sbjurhr h ebeorh`h. B`tìa
Tçl`glhs _bjb`brhtgvhs6 Ohrrbgrhs Iåsglhs (Ebeorh`hs)6 `blbsshrgheb`tb @ìa-_bhosarvåvbgs prblgsh ihzbr autra hlbssa phrh rbeavbr _bhosarvåvbgs `ìa prblgsh db ue sbju`da eaeb`ta phrh rbeavb-ch; Bxbepca6 Oga-Jgdb a
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch < “ Tçl`glhs _bla`strutgvh _bla`strutgvhss ^brgada`thgs N_buseada`tacajgh N_buseada`t acajgh ^èjg`h ? Cglb`lghda phrh - Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw - 898?=2>2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
rbeavbr \ebhr Chybr, bcb theoçe tbe praprgbdhdb ogacüjglh phrh hfudhr `as pralbssas rbjb`brhtgvas das tblgdas; Bxbepcas db hjb`tbs quåeglas6 Èlgda låtrgla eugta utgcgzhda a a Tbtrhlglcg`h; Igora`bltg`h (Kgt Tgssulac) a
Lhrhltbråstglhs dbsbfèvbgs `h ebeorh`h6 Ogalaephtgogcgdhdb; Bxlcusìa lbcuchr; Eh`utb`êìa db bsphêa; G`tbjrhêìa `as tblgdas; Eh`usbga lcå`gla shtgsihtürga tbe hcjuehs ebeorh`hs qub sìa ehgs ièlbgs db eh`gpuchr da qub autrhs; Htgvgdhdb ogacüjglh phrh qub passgogcgtb h `baiarehêìa tblgduhc;
Tçl`glhs _bjb`brhtgvhs6 La`dglga`heb`ta ogacüjgla dh supbriålgb rhdgluchr6 - Gepbdb h `avh g`sbrêìa dh rhgz Eglraarjh`gseas; Irhjeb`tas db lbeb`ta; \ebhr Ogaigceb; Chybr Lècluca;
Laepa`b`tbs dh ehtrgz da lbeb`ta; \ebhr Chybr _hsphjbe b hcgsheb`ta rhdgluchr eh`uhceb`tb lae hs lurbths Ihz a la`dglga`heb`ta rhdgluchr (hjb`tb quåegla)
_beavbr a ohrra db`tèrga dh supbriålgb rhdgluchr; Bxpar hs igorhs lacèjb`hs; ^raduzgr ueh za`h db dbseg`brhcgzhêìa; Horgr as töoucas db`tg`èrgas; Gssa tuda ihvarblb a pralbdgeb`ta; \ebhr Chybr Chybr,, Caja, dbvb-sb rbeavbr tadh h \ebhr phrh qub h tçl`glh rbjb`brhtgvh tb`mh lmh`lb db sulbssa. La`dglga`h`tbs quåeglas rhdgluchrbs Ihtarbs qub dbtbreg`he a sulbssa6 Dbvbe sbr hpcglhdas hpüs dborgdheb`ta eblï`gla hpüs h rhsphjbe rhdgluchr dhqubch rbjgìa; ^assube praprgbdhdbs ogacüjglhs phrh hfudhr
?. ?. _bjb`brhêìa Üssbh Jughdh “ Jughdh “ _AJ6 _AJ6 \b `h tçl`glh rbjb`brhtgvh qugsbr hdglga`hr ue üssba, cajasuostgtuta vhg hdglga`hr assa;vhg-sb ihzbr ueh _AJ, rbla`stgtugr Ygsh hpb`hs assa assa htrhvçs db b`xbrta üssba; lçcuchs `ìa Hs astbajæ`glhs da tblgda eacb sìa bxlcuådhs eblh`glheb`tb, pbregtg`da qub lçcuchs üssbhs argu`dhs dhs phrbdbs da dbibgta praparlga`be `baiarehêìa üssbh;
Gepbdgeb`ta dh egjrhêìa bpgtbcghc6
Bxbepca6 rbthcma dbscalhda lara`hceb`tb (iag ibgth h g`lgsìa, dbslacheb`ta tathc, rhsphjbe, trhtheb`ta db cbsòbs db iurlh + la`dglga`heb`ta quåegla + lacalau-sb b`xbrta üssba + ebeorh`h, trhlga`au a tblgda b suturau);
`h rbg`sbrêìa lglhtrgzhêìa dasdb`tg`èrgas, tblgdas caja, hcçe db bhorgr as töoucas Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch < “ Tçl`glhs _bla`strutgvh _bla`strutgvhss ^brgada`thgs N_buseada`tacajgh N_buseada`t acajgh ^èjg`h <
Cglb`lghda phrh Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw 898?=2>2:>= ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
@bssb lhsa, sb tgrhr a b`xbrta üssba, ibz-sb ueh _TJ b sb lacalhr a b`xbrta üssba ibzsb ueh _AJ;
hdbquhdh db laobrturh lae a rbthcma; a Ï`juca da dbibgta lae a ca`ja bgxa da db`tb (quh`ta eb`ar a ï`juca ehgar h lmh`lb db sulbssa).
^hrïebtras6 Ygsìa g`glghc; ^raiu`dgdhdb db dbibgta vbrtglhc hpüs dborgdheb`ta; ^raiu`dgdhdb db dbibgta margza`thc;
_BIB_Æ@LGH\ OGOCGAJ_ÈIGLH\ OGOCGAJ_ÈIGLH\
B`xbrta üssba lacalhda; Ebeorh`h db lacèjb`a; \uturh; 9 ebsbs db vgsìa lcå`glh püs-apbrhtürgh; _hga-] prç-apbrhtürga; _hga-] 9 ebsbs püs-apbrhtürga
LH__H@VH Fr., I.H.; @BZEH@ E.J.; THKBG M.M.
^brgada`tgh lcå`glh , 7 a bd., Bd. Bd. Juh`hohrh Juh`hohrh Kaajh`,
_ga db Fh`bgra, ?>>4.
_bjb`brhêìa ^brgada`thc6 ^adb-sb utgcgzhr ebdghdarbs ogacüjglas b pratbå`hs dh ehtrgz db bsehctb phrh hlbcbrhr a pralbssa db lglhtrgzhêìa; Ihtarbs db lrbslgeb`ta pchqubtèrga6 ^DJI6 Ihtar db lrbslgeb`ta dbrgvhda db pchqubth; TJI6 Ihtar db lrbslgeb`ta trh`siareh`tb; GJI6 Ihtarbs db lrbslgeb`ta sgegchr h g`sucg`h; OE^6 ^ratbå`h eariajb`çtglh; oIJI6 Ihtar db lrbslgeb`ta igoraocèstgla oèsgla.
Tçl`glhs _bjb`brhtgvhs6 ^ratbå`h db ehtrgz da Bsehctb6 a Ebcajb`g`h (Bedajhg`) “ ihvarblb “ ihvarblb h lbeb`tajæ`bsb b h iarehêìa db assa hcvbachr; Laeog`hêìa das ehtbrghgs db b`xbrta, ebeorh`hs b ebdghdarbs ogacüjglas phrh lrbslgeb`ta üssba6 a _bthcma + Bedajhg`; a Bedajhg` +Oga-Ass (b`xbrta oavg`a) + ebeorh`h; A qub vhg ihzbr bslacmbr h tçl`glh6 a Dgeb`sìa b eariacajgh da dbibgta; a @öebra db phrbdbs da dbibgta; Xuh`tgdhdb db supbriålgb rhdgluchr a bxpasth b lhphlgdhdb db aotb`êìa
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ ?ª R`gdhdb “ Huch < “ Tçl`glhs _bla`strutgvh _bla`strutgvhss ^brgada`thgs N_buseada`tacajgh N_buseada`t acajgh ^èjg`h 4
Cglb`lghda phrh Mbr`h`dbs Oucc Vgtcaw 898?=2>2:>= ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
qub sìa htgvhdhs b sbrvbe phrh htgvhr au hueb`thr hspbltas bspblåiglas dh g`ichehêìa (qub fè tg`mh sgda g`sthchda). Mè hcju`s ebdghdarbs qub fè sìa prçiarehdas, qub fè tæe `a `assa arjh`gsea, laea mgstheg`h, sbrata`g`h, b`zgehs cgsassôeglhs, b tbe theoçe as ebdghdarbs qub vìa sbr sg`tbtgzhdas, î ebdgdh qub a arjh`gsea dh jb`tb tbe h `blbssgdhdb, laea
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh) “ 9¶ \bebstrb = ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Dab`êh ^brgada`thc6 H dab`êh pbrgada`thc vbe sb`da hssalghdh lrbslb`tbeb`tb laea ihtar lahdfuvh`tb b, htç ebsea, prblursar db hcjuehs dab`êhs sgstæeglhs; \ao bssb hspblta h dab`êh pbrgada`thc laebêh h sbr vgsth lae autrh lhrhltbråstglh, `ìa hpb`hs laea ueh dab`êh calhcgzhdh `h lhvgdhdb arhc, bch phssh tbr ueh dgeb`sìa
ehgar quh`da laebêh hssalgh-ch lae autras dgstörogas sh`juå`bas b sgstæeglas. Dab`êhs ^brgada`thc b patb`lghc hssalghêìa lae dab`êh b la`dgêòbs sgstæeglhs6 Dghobtbs; Astbaparasb; Hrtrgtb _buehtügdb; MGY +; \å`draeb Ebthoücglh; Jb`çtglh; Iuea; Bstrbssb;
Xuh`da ue phlgb`tb tbe ueh dhs phtacajghs hlgeh b tbe theoçe h dab`êh pbrgada`thc, bcbs tæe ue rgsla eugta ehgar db dbsb`vacvbr dgstörogas6 lhrdgavhsluchrbs, g`tbstg`hgs, dab`êhs pucea`hrbs, lï`lbr, jbsth`tbs padbe tbr lrgh`êhs `hslgdhs lae ohgxa pbsa,
8. 8. Aobsgdhdb6 Dgstöroga sgstæegla; ^bssahs lae saorbpbsa tbe ueh quh`tgdhdb ehgar db hdgpülgtas (lçcuchs db jardurh), b bssh jrh`db quh`tgdhdb db hdgpülgtas vhg ihzbr lae qub alarrh h iarehêìa db hdgpalg`hs prü-g`ichehtürghs, qub sìa ebdghdarbs g`ichehtürgas prbsb`tbs `a tblgda dhs pbssahs qub tbe saorbpbsa, b bsshs hdgpalg`hs bcbvhdhs padbe dbsb`lhdbhr praocbehs pbrgada`thgs ehgs sbvbras; Caja, phlgb`tb qub bstè hlgeh da pbsa, \B bcb tgvbr dab`êh pbrgada`thc, h dab`êh pbrgada`thc padb sbr hjrhvhdh pbca ihta dbcb tbr saorbpbsa;
^hlgb`tbs lae saorbpbsa au aobsas hprbsb`the ehgar rgsla phrh a
dbsb`vacvgeb`ta db pbrdh db g`sbrêìa la`fu`tgvh b eglraogath oulhc pblucghr, lae ehgar phrtglgphêìa db hcjuehs bspçlgbs eglraogh`hs h`hbrüoghs, laea T. iarsytmgh (\alrh`skye Mhiihfbb, ?>>7); Hdgpalg`hs püs-g`ichehtürghs bcbvhdhs ^brgada`taphtghs sbvbrhs ?. ?. Htbraslcbrasb6
Ç a hlöeuca db pchlhs db jardurh db`tra da vhsa sh`juå`ba; Dgeg`ugêìa dh CRV dhs hrtçrghs (HTB_AEH\); Laepraebtgeb`ta dh phsshjbe da icuxa sh`juå`ba; Eösluca lhrdåhla saorblhrrbjhda, tbe qub trhohcmhr ehgs, caja h prbssìa da phlgb`tb bcbvh; Bcbvhêìa dh prbssìa sh`juå`bh `a g`tbrgar dhs hrtçrghs; As htbraehs (pchlhs db jardurh)
iarehdas `a g`tbrgar dhs hrtçrghs htbraslcbrütglhs sìa `glmas gdbhgs î gepch`thêìa db ueh eglraogath supcbeb`thr,, caja, `glmas phrh a hlöeuca supcbeb`thr db eglrarjh`gseas b hå as ebdghdarbs g`ichehtürgas sìa praduzgdhs par phlgb`tbs lae dab`êh pbrgada`thc b theoçe pbca phlgb`tb qub tbe htbraslcbrasb, hssge hjrhvh`da h sgtuhêìa da phlgb`tb; L-_bhtgvhs Hs lgtalg`hs b ^ratbå`hs L-_bhtgvhs praduzgdhs `h D^ theoçe bstìa
prbsb`tbs `h Htbraslcbrasb; Htbraslcbrasb; ^ratbå`hs L-_bhtgvhs bcbvhdhs sìa sg`hcgzhdarbs db rgsla lhrdåhla Hssalghêìa b`trb hs dab`êhs.
= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
dgibrb`tb ha hueb`ta `h praduêìa dh lgtalg`hs b ebdghdarbs g`ichehtürgas; Dab`êh pbrgada`thc ehgs jrhvb.
Hs
geu`ajcaoucg`hs dbsb`lhdbghe h lhslhth g`ichehtürgh lae a rblrutheb`ta db ehlrüihjas b ea`ülgtas sblrbtarbs db GC-8 (G`tbrcbulg`h) b T@I-θ, ebdghdarbs laeu`s î dab`êh pbrgada`thc, hcçe dh prbsb`êh db ohltçrghs jrhe-`bjhtgvhs bxhlbroh`da (hueb`th`da) h g`ichehêìa `hs hrtgluchêòbs hibthdhs.
:. :. Jrhvgdbz6 H jbsth`tb qub tbe dab`êh pbrgada`thc vhg tbr ueh g`iblêìa ohltbrgh`h, b bssh g`iblêìa ohltbrgh`h padb lhgr `h larrb`tb sh`juå`bh b padb lmbjhr htç h pchlb`th, tb`da ueh rbspasth g`ichehtürgh b tb`da h praduêìa db ebdghdarbs g`ichehtürgas (lgtalg`hs b prasthjch`dg`hs). H lgtalg`h ç ue ebdghdar qub bstgeuchr a phrta; Ohltçrghs b pradutas `a ïe`ga; _bspasth g`ichehtürgh lae praduêìa db lgtalg`hs b prasthjch`dg`hs; _gsla db trhohcma db phrta prbehtura pbch jbsth`tb qub tbe dab`êh pbrgada`thc;
9. Astbaparasb6 Lhrhltbrgzhdh pbch dgeg`ugêìa `h db`sgdhdb eg`brhc üssbh b hueb`ta dh irhjgcgdhdb b rgsla îs irhturhs; püs-eb`aphush padb Astbaparasb g`icub`lghr a dbsb`vacvgeb`ta dh dab`êh pbrgada`thc; üssbhs pravalhdhs pbch Hctbrhêòbs astbaparasb phrblbe hjrhvhr h dab`êh pbrgada`thc; Bssb pralbssa hg`dh `ìa ç tathceb`tb laeprbb`dgda (h cgtbrhturh tbe hcju`s pa`tas be hobrta saorb a hssu`ta); Hlaebtb ehgs eucmbrbs da qub maebe, Hlaebtb prg`lgphceb`tb eucmbrbs püs-eb`aphush, par lhush dh dgeg`ugêìa dh praduêìa das mareô`gas; ^assåvbgs bxpcglhêòbs6 H pbrdh üssbh sgstæeglh padb cbvhr î dbstrugêìa pbrgada`thc; H db`sgdhdb eg`brhc üssbh (DEA) rbduzgdh padb ihlgcgthr h rbhosarêìa da assa hcvbachr pbch dab`êh pbrgada`thc; G`dgvåduas lae pbrdh üssbh sgstæeglh + pbrgada`tgtb padbe rbhjgr db eada Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Dab`êh ^brgada`thc Trhueètglh (Bibgta da trhueh db alcusìa `a pbrgada`ta)
Trhueh db Alcusìa6 Alcusìa6 Trhueètglh6 Alcusìa Trhueètglh6 –Ç ueh tb`sìa alcushc h`arehc, lhphz db praduzgr au db tbr praduzgda ue dh`a ha pbrgada`ta―. (\tgcceh` b ElLhcc, 87??)
AO\.6 \beprb qub iar htb`dbr ue phlgb`tb dbvb gdb`tgiglhr sb a phlgb`tb bstè tb`da hcjue trhueh db alcusìa au `ìa, b sb gdb`tgiglhr qub bstè mhvb`da hcjue trhueh db alcusìa, dbvb-sb rbeavbr bssb trhueh pags tada trhueh db alcusìa jbrh ueh phtacajgh. phtacajgh.
Htuhêìa db iarêhs trhueètglhs6 trhueètglhs6 ö`gla db`tb au jrupas jrupas db \aorb ue ö`gla db`tbs qub bstbfhe be la`thta prbehtura; prbehtura; A trhueh db`tèrga ihz lae qub a bcbeb`ta db`tèrga –sairh―, b a bcbeb`ta db`tèrga –sairb`da― ihz lae qub tadas as tblgdas ha rbdar vè –sairbr― theoçe;
^adb bsthr hssalghdh î mèogtas phrhiu`lga`hgs; phrhiu`lga`hgs; ^adb bsthr hssalghdh î pbrdh au egjrhêìa db`tèrgh; db`tèrgh;
G`dglhdarbs da T_HREH T_HREH ALCR\HC ALCR\HC66 Lcå`glas66 G`dglhdarbs Lcå`glas prbehtura; La`thta alcushc prbehtura; Eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh hueb`thdh b
prajrbssgvh; prajrbssgvh; Dbsjhstb db`thc; db`thc; \b`sgogcgdhdb tçreglh; tçreglh; Irhturhs; Irhturhs; Mèogtas alcushgs h`arehgs; h`arehgs; Dar ihlghc; ihlghc; Ehstgjhêìa u`gchtbrhc. u`gchtbrhc.
G`dglhdarbs _hdgajrèiglas _hdgajrèiglas66 hctbrhdh; Cïeg`h durh hctbrhdh; Bsphêa da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc hueb`thda (bspbssheb`ta da
_hdgaculgdbz da assa hcvbachr; hcvbachr; rhdgluchr; _bhosarêìa B]TB_@H rhdgluchr; üssbh. Dbstrugêìa üssbh. alcushc6 Tgpas db trhueh alcushc6 prgeèrga6 Trhueh alcushc prgeèrga6 Xuh`da sb bxbrlb ueh iarêh saorb ue db`tb qub tbe ue pbrgada`ta å`tbjra, ue pbrgada`ta qub `ìa tbe `b`mue tgpa db phtacajgh Reh rbhêìa tblgduhc dbsb`lhdbhdh ha rbdar db ue db`tb lae pbrgada`ta lae hcturh `arehc (sbe pbrdh db g`sbrêìa); @ìa alarrb pbrdh db g`sbrêìa. Trhueh alcushc sblu`dèrga6 Xuh`da sb bxbrlb ueh iarêh saorb ue db`tb qub fè tbe ueh hcturh da pbrgada`ta rbduzgdh; rbduzgdh; Hqubcb db`tb padb `ìa ehgs tbr dab`êh pbrgada`thc, ehs fè tbvb; tbvb; _bchlga`hda h sgtuhêòbs a`db iarêhs
alcushgs lhushe dh`as ha pbrgada`ta lae hcturh rbduzgdh (lae pbrdh db g`sbrêìa); g`sbrêìa); ç1 Trhueh Hctbr`hda “ a qub ç1 Laeog`hêìa db iarêhs trhueètglhs db prbssìa b prbssìa b tb`sìa tb`sìa be be heoas as chdas das db`tbs; db`tbs; Xuh`da saorb hqubcb bcbeb`ta db`tèrga bstè sb`da g`sbrgdas dags tgpas db iarêhs, db ue chda ueh iarêh db tb`sìa, da autra chda ueh iarêh db prbssìa, b ue bxbepca dgssa ç `a phlgb`tb qub utgcgzh a hphrbcma artadô`tgla; artadô`tgla; A artada`tgsth la`sbjub ihzbr lae qub as db`tbs eudbe db pasgêìa htrhvçs db trhueh hctbr`hda, a`db, db ue chda ç ibgth ueh iarêh db tb`sìa b da autra chda ç ibgth ueh iarêh db prbssìa, caja db ue chda alarrb ueh dbstrugêìa üssbh b da autra chda alarrb ueh `baiarehêìa üssbh; üssbh;
cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc); pbrgada`thc); Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
Iarêhs hctbr`hdhs `a ^brgada`ta _bduzgda Dab`tb T_HREH \BLR@DÈ_GA66 \BLR@DÈ_GA Mè hchrjheb`ta da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc b hueb`ta dh eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh; db`tèrgh; H rbhêìa phtacüjglh padb alarrbr db`tra db ueh za`h
Tgpas db trhueh hctbr`hda6 hctbr`hda6 a Iarêhs hctbr`hdhs `a ^brgada`ta @arehc T_HREH ^_GEÈ_GA; ^_GEÈ_GA; A bsphêa da cgjheb`ta jrhduhceb`tb sb hfusth î `avh sgtuhêìa (hla`tblb, par bxbepca, be phlgb`tb qub ush hphrbcma artadô`tgla) @ìa mè pbrdh db g`sbrêìa!
a
Hueb`ta dh eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh; A hfustb alcushc `arehcgzh h chrjurh da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc; As db`tbs sìa bsthogcgzhdas b rblupbrhe h eaogcgdhdb `arehc A phlgb`tb `ìa iglh lae `b`mue tgpa db prbfuåza; a Iarêhs hctbr`hdhs `a ^brgada`ta _bduzgda \hudèvbc T_HREH
lae g`igctrhda g`ichehtürga g`duzgda par ogaigceb; ogaigceb; Hfustb alcushc rbsucthrè be bstrbgtheb`ta da bsphêa da cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc b dgeg`ugêìa dh eaogcgdhdb; eaogcgdhdb; H pbrdh dh g`sbrêìa ç pbreh`b`tb; pbreh`b`tb; \b h g`ichehêìa g`duzgdh pbca ogaigceb pbrsgstgr, ehgs pbrdh db g`sbrêìa padbrè alarrbr! Caja, phlgb`tb qub tbe
\BLR@DÈ_GA6 \BLR@DÈ_GA6 Tbe h ebseh lhphlgdhdb da pbrgada`ta `arehc db sb hdhpthr îs iarêhs alcushgs trhueètglhs; trhueètglhs; Caja vhg rbhjgr dh ebseh iareh qub a pbrgada`ta `arehc; `arehc; Hueb`ta dh eaogcgdhdb db`tèrgh, qub dbpags sbrè bsthogcgzhdh; bsthogcgzhdh; A tblgda da cgjheb`ta
dab`êh pbrgada`thc @ÌA ^ADB RTGCGVH_ H^H_BCMA A_TADÔ@TGLA; A_TADÔ@TGLA;
rblupbrh h laepasgêìa `arehc; `arehc; Tblgda suprh-hcvbachr `ìa ç hibthda; hibthda; @ìa mè prajrbssìa dh pbrdh db g`sbrêìa; Hfustb alcushc6 pbregtgrè qub a cgjheb`ta pbrgada`thc rblupbrb suh chrjurh `arehc; `arehc;
\g`taehs lcå`glas da trhueh alcushc6 alcushc6 Dbibgta üssba H`juchr; H`juchr; Hueb`thdh; Eaogcgdhdb Db`tèrgh Hueb`thdh; ^rajrbssgvh. Eaogcgdhdb Db`tèrgh ^rajrbssgvh. 8. 8. Dbibgta Üssba H`juchr6 B`la`trhdas th`ta be db`tbs hibthdas par trhueh alcushc quh`ta be db`tbs lae iu`êìa alcushc `arehc; H prbsb`êh db dbibgtas üssbas h`juchrbs `ìa padb, par sg sü, sbr la`sgdbrhdh laea ue sg`taeh bxlcusgva da trhueh alcushc Au sbfh, `ìa ç parqub sb bstè vb`da `hqubcb phlgb`tb ue dbibgta üssba h`juchr qub vhg higrehr qub bcb bstè lae trhueh;
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “ 2:>= - ^ratbjgda par Bduzz.lae
?. ?. Eaogcgdhdb Db`tèrgh Hueb`thdh6 ^adb sbr hssalghdh hpb`hs ha trhueh alcushc; ^adb sbr hssalghdh î rbduêìa dh hcturh da assa hcvbachr, lhushdh pbch dab`êh pbrgada`thc; ^adb rbprbsb`thr ueh hdhpthêìa dhs bstruturhs pbrgada`thgs î dbeh`dh iu`lga`hc hctbrhdh, qub bstè sb`da dbeh`dhdh db`tèrgh;
`hqubch
u`gdhdb
4. CG@DMB, F.; Trhthda db ^brgada`tgh Lcå`glh b Gepch`tacajgh Arhc, 9ª bdgêìa.
Lcå`glh G`tbjrhdh ? (^brgada`tgh ?) “ 9¶ \bebstrb “
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