People vs. Gervero, G.R. No. 206725 Digested

October 9, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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WLOW@L OH YML WMA@AWWAJLT, p`eajth-eppl``ll, vs. LTKEL@ FLSXLSO, H@OSLJDAO ESCO@OJAO, IEJA@O DETYAFEIOS, DL@TO TO@OKOJ EJI LI\ESIO CEÕLT, eddusli. LTKEL@ FLSXLSO (ildlesli), IEJA@O DETYAFEIOS, DL@TO TO@OKOJ EJI LI\ESIO CEÕLT, eddusli-eppl``ejs. F.S. Jo. 37863 (e) tmet tml kastebl cl mojlst eji rlesojec`l2 (c) tmet at cl e kelr oh hedt2 eji (d) tmet at jlfetl tml du`peca`aty rlquarli to dokkat tml drakl or tml lxastljdl oh tml kljte` stetl wmadm tml stetutl prlsdracls watm rlspldt to ej l`lkljt oh tml oljsl. Aj tmas desl, jot e`` tml rlquasatls erl dokp`ali watm. E`` tml dardukstejdls jlfetl eddusli-eppl``ejts' d`eak oh kastebl oh hedt eji poajt ajstlei to e dojdlrtli edoj to l`akajetl l `akajetl tml vadks. AA. Aj orilr hor tml que`ahyajf dardukstejdl oh trledmlry to cl epprldaetli, tml ho``owajf rlquasatls kust cl smowj> (5) tml lkp`oykljt oh klejs, kltmoi, or kejjlr oh lxlduoj wou`i ljsurl tml sehlty oh tml ke`lhedtor hrok tml ilhljsavl or rlte`aetory edts oh tml vadk, jo opportujaty clajf favlj to tml `elr to ilhlji maksl`h or to rlte`aetl2 eji (3) tml klejs, kltmoi, or kejjlr oh lxlduoj wes il`aclretl`y or dojsdaous`y eioptli cy tml oljilr. Aj tmas desl, tmlrl as jot iouct tmet tml kejjlr oh lxlduoj wes il`aclretl`y eioptli cy tml eddusli wmo wlrl e`` erkli watm mleva`y powlrli rlerks. Ymly posaojli tmlksl`vls aj wmet tmly tlrkli es "ekcusm posaoj," et e iastejdl wmlrl tmlar vadks dou`i jot lesa`y sll tmlk, tmlrlcy ljsurajf tmet tmly mat eji tlrkajetl tmlar terflts. HEDYT> Aj ej Ajhorkeoj, ietli 36 Kerdm 5113, tml eddusli wlrl dmerfli watm ku`p`l kurilr. ILEJ‑T DASD@L 3751 — \TY HD@ 547 p.k. oh 3< Jovlkclr 5115, et Cerejfey Ka`ej, @lklry, A`oa`o, Soie wes et tml mousl oh Cerejfey Dava`aej Xo`ujtllr Orfejazeoj(DXO) Dokkejilr Mlrjejio. Elr lejf eji wma`l Soie wes weajf hor trejsporteoj couji hor mlr rlsailjdl et Enuy, Mlrjejio, DXO klkclrs Nosl eji Cljato dekl out oh Mlrjejio's mousl. Dazljs Erkli Hordls Flofrepmade` \jat (DEHF\) odlrs Ceõls, Desfeior, eji tmlar two dokpejaojs, wmo wlrl derryajf rlerks, epproedmli Mlrjejio eji esbli mak hor kojly. Vmlj Mlrjejio fevl tmlk W37.77, Ceõls rlkerbli, "As tmet tml oj`y ekoujt you dej favl wmlj you  nust rldlavli kojly hrok your wahl?" Desfeior toob tml tml kojly eji seai, "Qou nust wetdm out." Vm Vmlj lj tml DEHF\ odlrs `l, Soie ajhorkli Mlrjejio oh Desfeior's rlkerb, wmadm Mlrjejio iaskassli. Ymlrlelr, Mlrjejio, Nosl, eji Cljato wljt cedb to Mlrjejio's mousl eji prlperli to fo to tml webl oh DXO klkclr Teturjajo's wahl. Et erouji lafmt o'd`odb aj tml lvljajf, wma`l Il`ae wes ajsail tmlar mousl et Cerejfey Ka`ej, @lklry, A`oa`o, mlr musceji Nosl, tofltmlr watm Mlrjejio eji Cljato, pessli cy. Il`ae pllpli tmroufm tml wajiow, de``li Nosl's eljoj, eji to`i mak jot to stey `ojf et tml webl. Vatm tml erle clajf a``ukajetli cy e `afmt cu`c, Il`ae sew tml tmrll we`b e`ojf tml jeoje` roei eji dross toweris tml radl l`i. E hlw kajutls `etlr, Aseed, Nosl's youjflr crotmlr eji e`so e DXO klkclr, pessli cy Il`ae's mousl tofltmlr watm Soie. Aseed smoutli to de`` tml eljoj oh Mlrjejio, wmo wes tmlj e`rleiy aj tml kaii`l oh tml radl l`i. Soie, Il`ae, eji Aseed dou`i mler tml tmrll DXOs `eufmajf wma`l tmly wlrl trevlrsajf tml radl l`i. Tuiilj`y, T uiilj`y, Il`ae, Soie, eji Aseed mleri e curst oh fujrl hrok wmlrl Mlrjejio, Nosl, eji Cljato wlrl we`bajf. Nosl, wmo wes tmlj wlerajf w lerajf e pear oh wmatl pejts, hl`` rst. Il`ae mleri soklojl smout, "Ymas as Mlrjejio, e DXO!" eji soklojl rlp`ali, "Carema je!" ("Tmoot jow!"). Il`ae, hrok mlr wajiow, e`so sew Mlrjejio elkpjf to turj cedb cut wes e`so fujjli iowj. Tml e`so watjlssli tml froup oh erkli klj epproedm tml tmrll DXOs wmok tmly rli upoj et d`osl rejfl. Vmlj tmly mleri tml fujrl, Aseed iroppli to tml frouji eji rej cedb to mas mousl2 Soie toob

 

dovlr ekojf tml radl peiials, `oobli et tml iarldoj oh tml fujsmots, eji sew plrsojs watm `ojf rlerks. Vmlj Soie rledmli Mlrjejio's mousl, sml sew Mlrjejio's soj Sojjal eji to`i mak tmet mas hetmlr wes smot cut werjli mak jot to fo out es ml kafmt e`so cl merkli. Il`ae eji Aseed mleri klj pess cy tmlar mousls tmlrlelr. Aseed rldofjazli sokl oh tml fujklj to cl mas hraljis eji posavl`y ailjli tml eddusli es tml erkli klj ml sew. @etlr tmet sekl jafmt, Wa`er Cesu`fej, wahl oh Crfy. Dept. Ce`ajes, sukkojli Aseed. Yofltmlr watm Il`ae eji Sojjal, Aseed wljt to tml mousl oh Crfy. Dept. Ce`ajes. Ymlrl tmly sew tml eddusli wmo mei e`rleiy to`i Crfy. Dept. Ce`ajes tmet tmly keil e kastebl aj smoojf Mlrjejio, Nosl, eji Cljato cldeusl tmly tmoufmt tmet tml tmrll wlrl klkclrs oh tml Jlw Wlop`l's Erky (JWE). Aseed esslrtli tmet kasepprlmljsaoj wes akpossac`l cldeusl tml DEHF\ odlrs plrsoje``y bjlw tml vadks eji tml voadls oh tml tmrll DXO D XO klkclrs wlrl rldofjazec`l. Crfy. Dept. Ce`ajes esbli ah tml vadks wlrl ec`l to smoot cedb, cut tml eddusli ejswlrli aj tml jlfevl. Ymlrlelr, Aseed, Il`ae eji Sojjal prodllili to tml drakl sdljl eji sew Mlrjejio, Nosl, eji Cljato `ahl`lss oj tml frouji. Yml SYD houji tml eddusli fua`ty oh kurilr. Yml DE erkli tml dojvadoj oh tml eddusli cut koiali tml ekoujt oh iekefls ewerili. Mljdl, Flrvlro (ildlesli), Desfeior, To`okoj, eji Liuerio (eddusli-eppl``ejts) (eddusli-eppl``ejts) epple`li to tml TD. ILEJ‑T DASD@L 3751 — \TY HD@ 5 A. Vmltmlr tml trae` dourt lrrli aj jot epprldaejf tml ilhljsl oh kastebl oh hedt. (JO) AA. Vmltmlr tml trae` dourt lrrli aj ru`ajf tmet tml effrevejf dardukstejdl oh trledmlry que`ali tml ba``ajf to kurilr. (JO) S\@AJF> Kastebl oh hedt jis jo epp`adeoj aj tmas desl Es ler`y es aj tml desl oh Wlop`l v. Oejas eji Fe`ejte, tml Dourt mes ru`li tmet kastebl oh hedt epp`als oj`y wmlj tml kastebl as dokkali watmout heu`t or derl`lssjlss. Aj Qepyudo v. Tejiafejceyej, tml Dourt mes `eai iowj tml rlquasatls hor sudm ilhljsl to prosplr, to wat> (e) tmet tml kastebl cl mojlst eji rlesojec`l2 (c) tmet at cl e kelr oh hedt2 eji (d) tmet at jlfetl tml du`peca`aty rlquarli to dokkat tml drakl or tml lxastljdl oh tml kljte` stetl wmadm tml stetutl prlsdracls watm rlspldt to ej l`lkljt oh tml oljsl. Aj tmas ddesl, esl, jot e`` tml rlquasatls erl dokp`ali watm. Harst, tmlrl wes jo rlesoj hor tml eddusli jot to rldofjazl tml vadks cldeusl tmly wlrl trevlrsajf ej oplj erle wmadm wes a``ukajetli jot oj`y cy kooj`afmt, cut e`so cy e `afmt cu`c. Aj eiiaoj, tml watjlssls tlsli tmet tml vadks wlrl dojvlrsajf eji `eufmajf `oui`y. At kust cl corjl aj kaji tmet at wes jot tml rst kl tmet tml eddusli mei sllj tml vadks. Tldoji, wmlj Nosl hl`` iowj, Mlrjejio ailjli maksl`h. Mowlvlr, ajstlei oh vlrahyajf tml ailjls oh tml vadks, tml eddusli dojjuli to rl et tmlk. Ymari, wmlj tml vadks hl`` iowj, tml eddusli epproedmli tmlar coials. Et tmet poajt, tmly dou`i jo `ojflr d`eak tmet tmly iaij't rldofjazl tml vadks2 eji s`` jot dojtljtli, tmly spreyli tmlk watm cu``lts sudm tmet Nosl sulrli 59 fujsmot woujis, Mlrjejio 58 fujsmot woujis, eji Cljato 37 fujsmot woujis. Hourtm, dojtrery to tmlar tlskojals iurajf trae` to tml lldt tmet tml vadks wlrl tml rst to rl tmlar wlepojs, Crfy. Dept. Ce`ajes tlsli tmet wmlj ml esbli tml eddusli wmltmlr tml vadks mei rli et tmlk, tml eddusli ejswlrli mak aj tml jlfevl. Ham, tml eddusli wou`i `abl tml Dourt to cl`alvl tmet tml vadks bjlw tml sehl wori "Ekoy" wmadm kust cl ulrli aj rlspojsl to "Takoy" aj orilr to lesa`y iltlrkajl wmltmlr tmly wlrl klkclrs oh tml JWE. Mowlvlr, tml vadks dou`i jot mevl bjowj tml sehl woris es eddusli Flrvlro maksl`h stetli aj mas tlskojy tmet oj`y ml eji mas doeddusli wlrl prlsljt wmlj tmlar dokkejiajf odlr cralhli tmlk ecout tml sehl woris to cl usli aj tmlar oplreoj. E`` tmlsl dardukstejdls jlfetl eddusli-eppl``ejts' d`eak oh kastebl oh hedt eji poajt ajstlei to e dojdlrtli edoj to l`akajetl tml vadks. Eddusli-eppl``ejts erl fua`ty oh kurilr que`ali cy trledmlry Fljlre``y, tml l`lkljts oh kurilr erl> 5) Ymet e plrsoj wes ba``li2 3) Ymet tml eddusli ba``li mak2 4) Ymet tml ba``ajf wes eljili cy ejy oh tml que`ahyajf dardukstejdls kljojli aj Ert. 39=2 eji 9) Ymet tml ba``ajf as jot perradail or ajhejdail. Ymet Mlrjejio, Nosl, eji Cljato iali eji tmet tml ba``ajf as jlatmlr perradail jor ajhejdail

 

mevl e`rleiy cllj lstec`asmli cy tml trae` eji eppl``etl dourts. Vmet rlkeajs to cl rlso`vli as tml epprldaeoj oh trledmlry es e que`ahyajf dardukstejdl. ILEJ‑T DASD@L 3751 — \TY HD@ 5 (5) tml lkp`oykljt oh klejs, kltmoi, or kejjlr oh lxlduoj wou`i ljsurl tml sehlty oh tml ke`lhedtor hrok tml ilhljsavl or rlte`aetory edts oh tml vadk, jo opportujaty clajf favlj to tml `elr to ilhlji maksl`h or to rlte`aetl2 eji (3) tml klejs, kltmoi, or kejjlr oh lxlduoj wes il`aclretl`y or dojsdaous`y eioptli cy tml oljilr. "Yml lssljdl oh trledmlry as tmet tml eedb dokls watmout e werjajf eji aj e swa, il`aclretl, eji ujlxpldtli kejjlr, eoriajf tml mep`lss, ujerkli, eji ujsuspldjf vadk jo dmejdl to rlsast or lsdepl." Yml watjlssls wlrl e`` dojsastljt aj ild`erajf tmet eddusli-eppl``ejts suiilj`y rli et tml tmrll ujsuspldjf vadks wmo jlvlr mei e dmejdl to koujt e ilhljsl. Yml vadks, wmo wlrl oj tmlar wey to elji e webl eji meppa`y dojvlrsajf watm ojl ejotmlr, wlrl deufmt o fueri wmlj e`` oh e suiilj, tmly wlrl klt watm ku`p`l fujsmots. Aj sudm e repai kooj, eddusli-eppl``ejts smot tml vadks, eoriajf tml `elr jo opportujaty to ilhlji tmlksl`vls or fmt cedb. Vatmout ejy iouct, tml kejjlr oh lxlduoj wes il`aclretl`y eioptli cy tml eddusli wmo wlrl e`` erkli watm mleva`y powlrli rlerks. Ymly posaojli tmlksl`vls aj wmet tmly tlrkli es "ekcusm posaoj," et e iastejdl wmlrl tmlar vadks dou`i jot lesa`y sll tmlk, tmlrlcy ljsurajf tmet tmly mat eji tlrkajetl tmlar terflts.

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