Pedagogik Olahraga 3
August 23, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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XPFMS ZMZ@R SXRMX@FG Z@IB@LMOMRMN Z@IB@LMOMRMN ZOAD HGLGKMX HMRG SP SPHPX HPX Z@HMFAFG
IPKMIIMH EGDRG MLKMEG_ (2:=77:3;)
ZRAFRMI SXPHG S2 Z@NHGHGDMN ALMKRMFM EMDPLXMS GLIP D@ALMKRMFMMN D@ALMKRMFMMN PNGU@RSGXMS N@F@RG ZMHMNF 2:2:
2 BMB G Z@NHMKPLPMN
M. Lmtmr Lmtmr B` B`lm lmdm dmnf nf Hmlmi `rm flabmlgsmsg, hungm p`nhghgdmn smnfmt hg p`ntgnfdmn hmn p`i`rgntmk t`lmk i`r`ncmnmdmn b`b`rmpm prafrmi untud p`nhghgdmn hg Gnhan`sgm. Zrafrmi t`rs`but i`ru i` rupm pmdm dmn n smlmk smlmk smtu smtu st strmt rmt`f `fgg p` p`i` i`rgn rgntmk tmk hg bg bghm hmnf nf p` p`nh nhgh ghgd gdmn mn.. Hmlm Hmlmi i da dant nt`d `dss p`ib`lmomrmn, strmt`fg hgmrtgdmn s`bmfmg sgst`i p`nh`dmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf hgpmnhmnf pmlgnf `e`dtge, `egsg`n, hmn prahudtge funm i`ncmpmg smsmrmn s msmrmn ymnf t`lmk hgt`ntudmn. Hmlmi strmt`fg t`rs`but, p`i`rgntmk tghmd kmnym i`n`dmndmn pmhm p`nhghgdmn mdmh`igd, t`tmpg oufm p`nhghgdmn nan mdmh`igd mdmh`igd (omsimng, hsb). Z`nhghgdmn Z`nhg hgdmn dmrmdt`r hgrmncmnf untud i`nc`tmd i`nc`tmd f`n`rmsg f`n`rmsg p`n`rus p`n`rus bmnfsm bmnfsm ymnf imip im ipu u i`im i`imou oudm dmn n tmnmk tmnmk mgr mgr n` n`f` f`rg rg t`rcg t`rcgnt ntmm gn gng. g. Hmlm Hmlmi i Pnhm Pnhmnf nf-P -Pnh nhmn mnf f Sgst Sgst`i `i Z` Z`nh nhgh ghgd gdmn mn
Nmsg Nmsgan anml ml
t`lm t`lmk k
hgs` hgs`bu butd tdmn mn
bm bmkw kwmm
Z` Z`nh nhgh ghgd gdmn mn
nm nmsg sgan anml ml
b` b`re reun unfs fsgg
i`nf`i i`n f`ibmn bmnfdm fdmn n d`imip d`imipumn umn hmn i`ib`n i`ib`ntud tud wmtmd wmtmd s`rtm s`rtm p`rmhm p`rmhmbmn bmn bmnfsm bmnfsm ymnf ymnf b`rimrtmbmt
hmlmi
rmnfdm
i`nc`rhmsdmn
d`kghupmn
bmnfsm,
b`rtuoumn
untud
b`rd`ibmnfnym pat`nsg p`s`rtm hghgd mfmr i`nomhg imnusgm ymnf b`rgimn hmn b`rtmdwm d`pmhm Xukmn Wmnf Imkm @sm, b`rmdklmd iulgm, s`kmt, b`rgliu, cmdmp, dr`mtge, imnhgrg, hmn i`nomhg wmrfm n`fmrm ymnf h`iadrmtgs s`rtm b`rtmnffunf omwmb. gng i`ibmk i`ibmkms ms strmt`f strmt`fgg p`ib`l p`ib`lmom momrmn rmn poad poad hglgkm hglgkmtt hmrg hmrg suhut suhut p`hmfa p`hmfafg. fg. Zadad Zadad bmkmsmn t`rs`but i`lgputg p`nf`tgmn, rumnf lgnfdup hmn eunfsg strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn. Kml gng p`ntgn p`ntgnf f s`bmfm s`bmfmgg lmnhms lmnhmsmn mn untud untud l`bgk l`bgk i`imkm i`imkmig ig hmn i`nfum i`nfumsmg smg bmkmn bmkmn b`lmom b`lmomr r s`lmnoutnym. Al`k dmr`nm gtu padad bmkmsmn gng hg pmkmig hmn hgdumsmg b`tul-b`tul h`nfmn i`ibmkms hmn i`nhgsdusgdmnnym. Raunh`h R`ctmnfl`? =Strmt`fg b`rmsml hmrg bmkmsm gnffrgs ymgtu “strmt`fy’ mrtgnym sgmsm sgmsmt, t, md mdml ml mtmu mtmu gliu gliu p` p`rm rmnf nf.. Zmhm Zmhm mwml mwmlny nymm gst gstgl glmk mk str strmt mt`f `fgg s`rgn s`rgnfd fdml mlgg hg hgfu funm nmdm dmn n hgdmlmnfmn iglgt`r ymnf hgmrtgdmn s`bmfmg s`ng i`r`ncmnmdmn f`rmdmn iglgt`r hmlmi sumtu
3 p`rt`ipurmn mtmu p`rmnf utmim hmlmi kubunfmnnym h`nfmn f`rmdmn pmsudmn hmrmt, lmut hmn uhmrm d` mrmk smsmrmn ymnf i`nfuntunfdmn untud b`rt`ipur. B`rmsmrdmn p`nf`rtgmn hg mtms, strmt`fg hmpmt hg ruiusdmn s`bmfmg hmsmr ymnf i`nfmcu pmhm p`r`ncmnmmn hmn p`nf`lalmmn sumtu d`fgmtmn hmlmi rmnfdm i`ncmpmg sumtu tuoumn. Z`rd`ibmnfmn s`lmnoutnym i`nunoudmn bmkwm p`nffunmmn strmt`fg tghmd kmnym t`rbmt t`r bmtms ms pmhm pmhm bghmnf bghmnf iglgt` iglgt`rr smom. smom. Bghmnf Bghmnf-bg -bghmn hmnf f ymnf ymnf lmg lmgn n s`p`rt s`p`rtgg imnmo` imnmo`i`n i`n hmn almkrm alm krmfm. fm. Hmlmi Hmlmi dant` dant`ds ds p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn strmt`f strmt`fgg hg mrtgdmn mrtgdmn s`bmfmg s`bmfmg sgst`i sgst`i p`nh`d p`nh`dmtmn mtmn p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf hgpmnhmnf pmlgnf `e`dtge, `egsg`n, hmn prahudtge funm i`ncmpmg smsmrmn ymnf t`lmk hgt`ntudmn. Z`nyusunmn sumtu strmt`fg i`rupmdmn d`fgmtmn mwml hmrg s`luruk pras`s p`rib`lmomrmn. Al`k dmr`nm gtu, strmt`fg gng i`ipunymg p`nfmruk b`smr t`rkmhmp t`rkmh mp kmsgl b`lmomr sgswm b`rsmnfdutmn b`rsmnfdutmn bmkdmn bmkdmn smnfmt smnfmt i`n`ntudmn i`n`ntudmn.. Mtms hmsmr gtulmk, p`nf`tmkumn hm d`t`rmipglmn p`nyusunmn strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn smnfmt hgp`rludmn furu h`ig t`rcmpmgnym tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn. M. Z` Z`ri rims msml mlmk mkmn mn B`rhmsmrdmn p`nhmkulumn hg mtms, p`rimsmlmkmn ymnf gnfgn hgomwmb hmn hgbmkms hmlmi tulgsmn gng mhmlmk =.
Mpm ymnf hg imdsuh h`nfmn bmtmsmn strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn p`noms 1
2.
Mpm smom rmfmi daipan`n p`noms 1
3.
Mpm mpm smom rumnf lgnfdup SBI p`noms 1
8.
Mpm eunfsg hmn imnemmt SBI p`noms 1
0.
O`lmsdmn hmn urmgdmn imcmi-imcmi pp`ib`lmomrmn p`noms 1
5.
O`lmsdmn pras`hur p`ib`lmommn p`noms 1
B. Bmtmsmn Bmtmsmn strmt strmt`fg `fg Z`ib` Z`ib`lmo lmomrmn mrmn Z`nom Z`nomss
S`cmrm uiui strmt`fg i`ipunymg p`nf`rtgmn sumtu fmrgs b`smr kmlumn untud b`rtgnhmd
hmlmi usmkm i`ncmpmg smsmrmn ymnf t`lmk hgt`ntudmn, s`hmnfdmn b`lmomr mhmlmk b`ntud
8 mdtgegtms imnusgm ymnf hglmdudmn s`omd lmkgr smipmg i`ngnffml hungm mtmu sumtu ymnf p`rubmkmn pmhm d`prgbmhgmn ymnf hgnymtmdmn p`nfusmkmmn – p`nfusmkmmn r`spgn (smibut (smi butmn) mn) mtmu tgnfdm tgnfdmk k lmdu lmdu ymnf ymnf bmru bmru ymnf ymnf b`rupm b`rupm p`rubm p`rubmkmn kmn d`t`rmi d`t`rmipgl pglmn, mn, sgdmp, sgdmp, d`bgmsmmn, d`bgm smmn, d`smnffupm d`smnffupmn n hmn p`imdsmmn s`hmnfdmn s`hmnfdmn i`nfmomr i`nfmomr mhmlmk sumtu p`ibumtmn p`ibumtmn hmpmt hgdmtmdmn tgnhmdmn i`nfmomt bglm tgnhmdmn gtu hghmsmrdmn mtms sumtu p`r`ncmnmmn ymnf imtmnf hmn t`lgtg. Strmt` Str mt`fg fg hmpmt hmpmt hgmsui hgmsuisgd sgdmn mn smim mrtgny mrtgnymm h`nfmn h`nfmn s`bumk s`bumk sgmsmt, sgmsmt, cmrm, cmrm, mtmu tmdtgd tmdtgd.. S`t` S`t`lm lmk k fu furu ru i`n` i`n`tm tmpd pdmn mn p` p`nh nh`d `dmt mtmn mn p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrm rmn n imdm imdm s` s`lm lmno nout utny nymm fu furu ru km kmru russ i`nyusun s`bumk strmt`fg hmlmi p`ib`lmomrmn. Mfmr i`nhmpmtdmn gnearimsg ymnf l`bgk o`lms hmn daipr`k`nsge i`nf`nmg p`nf`rtgmn strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn i`nurut p`nhmpmt pmrm mklg s`bmfmg b`rgdut ? =.
Hgiymn Hgiymntg tg hmn Sa`hoa Sa`hoana na (hmlmi (hmlmi Mngtmk Mngtmk)) i`nf`i i`nf`iudm udmdmn dmn bmkwm bmkwm strmt`f strmt`fgg
p`ib`lmomrmn mhmlmk d`fgmtmn furu untud i`igdgrdmn hmn i`nfupmymdmn t`romhgnym dansgst dan sgst`ns `nsgg mntmrm mntmrm msp`dmsp`d-msp msp`d `d hmrg hmrg daipan daipan`n `n p`ib`n p`ib`ntud tudmn mn sgst`i sgst`i p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn (2::;?=.28). 2.
Raunh`h R`ctmnfl`? 0I`nurut Suyana, Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn mhmlmk rmnfdmgmn
d` d`fg fgmt mtmn mn hm hmlm lmi i pr pras as`s `s p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrmn rmn ym ymnf nf t` t`rd rdmg mgtt h` h`nf nfmn mn p` p`nf nf`l `lal almmn mmn sgsw sgswm, m, p`nf`lalmmn furu, p`nf`lalmmn d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn, p`nf`lalmmn lgnfdunfmn b`lmomr, p`nf`lalmmn suib`r b`lmomr hmn p`nglmgmn (msmsi`n) mfmr p`ib`lmomrmn l`bgk `e`dtge hmn `egsg`n s`sumg h`nfmn tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf hgt`tmpdmn (2:==?2:). 3.
I`nurut I`nurut Igmrsa, Igmrsa, Strmt`fg Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn mhmlmk p`nh`dmtmn p`nh`dmtmn i`ny`luruk i`ny`luruk hmlmi
sumtu sgst`i p`ib`lmomrmn, ymnf b`rupm p`haimn uiui hmn d`rmnfdm d`fgmtmn untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn uiui p`ib`lmomrmn, ymnf hgombmrdmn hmrg pmnhmnfmn emlsmemk mtmu t`arg b`lmomr t`rt`ntu (2::8?03:) 8.
S``ls hmn Rgck`y, i`nymtmdmn bmkwm strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn i`rupmdmn rgncgmn
hmrg s`l`dsg p`nfurutm p`nfurutmn n p`rgstgwm p`rgstgwm d`fgmtmn d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn.. Strmt`fg Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn gng
0 t`rh t`rhgr grgg
hmrg hmrg
i`ta i`tah` h`-i -i`t `tah ah`, `,
t`dn t`dngd gd-t -t`d `dng ngd d
imup imupun un
pr pras as`h `hur ur-p -pra ras` s`hu hurr
ym ymnf nf
i`iunfdgndmn sgswm i`ncmpmg tuoumn. 0.
I`nu I`nuru rutt F`rl F`rlmc mck k hm hmn n @ly @ly SB SBI I mh mhmlm mlmk k cm cmrmrm-cmr cmrmm ym ymnf nf hg hgpg pglg lgk k un untu tud d
i`nymipmgdmn imtm p`lmomrmn hmlmi lgnfdunfmn p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu i`lgputg sgemt, lgnfdu lgn fdup, p, hmn urutmn urutmn d`fgmt d`fgmtmn mn ymnf ymnf hmpmt hmpmt i`i i`ib`r b`rgdm gdmn n p`nfml p`nfmlmim mimn n b`lmomr b`lmomr d`pmhm d`pmhm sgswm. 5.
Frapp`r SBI t`rhgrg mtms s`ium daipan`n imt`rg p`nfmomrmn hmn pras`hur ymnf
mdmn hgfunmdmn untud i`ibmntu sgswm i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu h`nfmn dmtm lmgn SBI oufm i`rupmdmn p`iglgkmn o`ngs lmtgkmn t`rt`ntu ymnf cacad h`nfmn tuoumn ymnf mdmn hgcmpmg.
Z`nombmrmnnym? SBI i`nymnfdut s`ium daipan`n imt`rg p`nfmomrmn hmn pras`hur uitud i`ibmntu sgswm hmlmi kml i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nfmomrmn. Hgsmipgnf gtu oufm mhm p`iglgkmn o`ngs lmtgkmn t`rt`ntu ymnf cacad h`nfmn tuoumn ymnf ymnf gnfgn hgcmpmg. 6.
Hgcd mnh Cmr`y SBI mhmlmk Strmt`fg Strmt`fg b`lmomr b`lmomr ymnf tghmd kmnym t`rbmtms t`rbmtms pmhm
pras`hur
d`fgmtmn
i`lmgndmn
oufm
t`rimsud
hghmlminym
imt`rg
mtmupmd`tp`nfmomrmnnym. Z`nombmrmnnym ? Hmlmi pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn tghmd kmnym t`rbmtms pmhm pras`hur mtmu mtmu lmnfd lmnfdmk mk – lmnf lmnfdm dmk k d` d`fg fgmt mtmn mn hm hmlm lmi i mr mrtg tg,, hm hmlm lmi i sumt sumtu u pr pras as`s `s p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrmn rmn hghmlminym oufm t`rimsud imt`rg imupun pmd`t p`ib`lmomrmn, dmr`nm imt`rg b`rp`rmn p`ntgnf hmlmi sumtu pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn. ;.
Vgnm Smnomym Smnomym strmt`fg strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn mhmlmk sumtu d`fgmtmn d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf
kmrus hgd`romdmn furu hmn sgswm mfmr tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn hmpmt hgcmpmg s`cmrm `e`dtge hmn `egsg`n. 7.
Emhglmk Emhglmk strmt`fg strmt`fg b`lmomr b`lmomr i`nfmomr i`nfmomr mhmlmk smlmk smtu daipan`n daipan`n hmlmi syst`i
p`ib`lmomrmn. Daipan`n gtu mhmlmk tuoumn imt`rg, strmt`fg hmn `vmlumsg.
5 =:. SBI i`nurut i`nurut O. R. Hmvgh hmlmi X`mckgnf X`mckgnf Strmt`fg`s Strmt`fg`s ear Call`f` Clmss Clmss Raai (=76= ) gmlmk m plmn, i`tkah, ar s`rg`s ae mctgvgtg`s h`sgfn` ta mrckgv`s m pmrtgculmr `hucmtganml faml ( =7;: ). I`nurut p`nf`rtgmn gng SBI i`lgputg r`ncmnm, i`tah` hmn p`rmnfdmt d`fgmtmn ymnf hgr`ncmnmdmn untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu untud i`lmdudmn strmt`fg t`rt`ntu hgp`rludmn s`p`rmnfdmt i`tah` p`nfmomrmn. Strmt`fg hmpmt hgmrtgdmn s`bmfmg m plmn ae ap`rmtgan mckg`vgnf sai`tkgnf “ r`ncmnm d`fgmtmn untud i`ncmpmg s`sumtu’. S`hmnfdmn i`tah` gmlmk mwmy imckg`vgnf sai`tkgnf, cmrm ntud i`ncmpmg s`sumu untud i`lmdudmn sumtu strmt`fg hgfunmdmn s`p`rmnfdmt i`tah` p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu. Hmlmi p`nf`rtgmn h`igdgmn imdm i`tah` p`nfmomrmn i`nomhg smlmk smtu unsur` hmlmi SBI. Pnsur s`p`rtg suib`r b`lmomr, d`imipumn furu hmn sgswm, i`hgm p`nhghgdmn, imt`rg p`nfmomrmn, arfmngsmsg mhmlmk wmdtu t`s`hgm, danhgsg d`lms hmn lgnfdunfmn i`rupmdmn unsur-unsur ymnf i`nhudunf SBI. ==. Hrs.Symgeul Bmkrg Homimrmk hmn Hrs.Mswmn _mgn strmt`fg b`lmomr i`nfmomr mhmlmk palm –palm uiui d`fgmtmn furu mnmd hghgd hmlmi p`rwuouhmn d`fgmtmn b`lmomr i`nfmomr untud i`ncmpmg tuomn ymnf t`lmk hgfmrgsdmn. Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn s`bmfmg s`p`rmnfdmt d`fgmtmn ymnf hg lmdudmn furu al`k untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn t`rt`ntu.
Hmrg Hmrg bmtmsmn bmtmsmn bmtmsmn bmtmsmn t`rs`bu t`rs`butt hg mtms, mtms, hmpmt hmpmt hg pmkmig pmkmig bmkwm bmkwm strmt`f strmt`fgg
p`ib`lmomrmn i`rupmdmn palm uiui d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn, rmnfdmgmn p`rbumtmn furu sgswm hmlmi i`wuouhdmn p`rgstgwm p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf `e`dtge untud i`ncmpmg sumtu tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn kmdgdmtnym b`rd`nmmn h`nfmn 4 =. Prutmn Prutmn d`fgmt d`fgmtmn mn p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn 2. I`tah` I`tah` mtmu mtmu t`dn t`dngd gd p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn 3. I`hg I`hgmm p`i p`ib` b`lm lmom omrmn rmn,, h hmn mn 8. Z`ibmfgmn Z`ibmfgmn p`rmn p`rmn eunfsg eunfsg mntmrm mntmrm furu furu hmn hmn sgswm hmlmi pras`s p`ib`l p`ib`lmomrmn momrmn H`nfmn h`igdgmn, imdm strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn budmn i`rupmdmn pras`s ymnf pmstg ymnf sgmp hg pmd` hmlmi s`fmlm sgtumsg hmn tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn. Stmrmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn
6 mh mhml mlmk mk i`ru i`rupm pmdm dmn n km kmsgl sgl pglg pglgkm kmn n ym ymnf nf hg s` s`su sumg mgdm dmn n h` h`nf nfmn mn sgt sgtum umsg sg hm hmn n tu tuou oumn mn p`ib`lmomrmn t`rt`ntu. Sgtumsg hmn tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn gtu hmpmt b`rb`hm b`hm.
C. Rmf Rmfmi mi Daipan Daipan`n `n Z`noms Z`noms Daipan`n i`rupmdmn bmfgmn hmrg sumtu sgst`i ymnf i`iglgdg p`rmn hmlmi d`s`lurukmn b`rlmnfsunfnym sumtu pras`s untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn ssgst`i. gst`i. Daipan`n p`nhghgdmn b`rmrtg bmfgmn-bmfgmn hmrg syst`i pras`s p`nhghgdmn ymnf i`n`ntudmn b`rkmsgl mtmu tghmdnym, mtmu mhm mtmu tghmdnym pras`s p`nhghgdmn. Daipan`n-daipan`n ymnf i`iunfdgndmn t`romhgnym pras`s p`nhghgdmn mhmlmk? =.
Xuoumn Z`nhghgdmn Xuoumn p`nhghgdmn i`rupmdmn sumtu kml y ymnf mnf gnfgn hgcmpmg al`k al`k l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn i`lmlu i`l mlugg sumtu sumtu d`fgmt d`fgmtmn mn p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn. n. Xuoum Xuoumn n p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn n gng hghmsmr hghmsmrgg al`k al`k sgemt sgemt gliu gliu p`nhghgdmn ymnf narimtge hmn prmdtgs. Gliu p`nhghgdmn s`bmfmg gliu p`nf`tmkumn narimt nar imtge, ge, gliu gliu p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn n i`ruiu i`ruiusdm sdmn n dmghmk dmghmk-dm -dmghm ghmk, k, narimnarim-nar narim im hmn udurmn udurmn tgnfdm tgn fdmk k lmdu lmdu imnusg imnusgm. m. Gliu Gliu p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn n s`bmfm s`bmfmgg gliu gliu
p`nf`t p`nf`tmku mkumn mn prdmtg prdmtgs, s, tufms tufms
p`nhghgdmn hmlmi kml gng mhmlmk i`nmnmidmn sgst`i narim tgnfdmk lmdu ymnf hgounounf tgnffg al`k l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn hmlmi imsymrmdmt i`lmlug pmrm p`nhghgd. Xuoumn p`nhghgdmn hmpmt hglgkmt hmlmi durgdului p`nhghgdmn ymnf t`rombmr iulmg hmrg ? m.
Xuoumn Xuoumn nmsga nmsganml nml,, mhmlmk mhmlmk tuoumn tuoumn ymnf ymnf gnfgn gnfgn hgcmpm hgcmpmgg al`k bmnfs bmnfsmm s`p`rtg s`p`rtg ymnf ymnf hgcmntuidmn pmhm p`ibudmmn PPH =780.
b.
Xuoumn gnstgtusganml, mhmlmk tuoumn ymnf gnfgn hgcmpmg al`k sumtu l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn.
; c.
Xuou Xuoumn mn durgdu durgdul` l`r, r, mh mhml mlmk mk tu tuou oumn mn ymnf gnfgn gnfgn hgcmpm hgcmpmgg al al`k `k tgmp tgmp bghmnf bghmnf stuhg stuhg p`lmomrmn/ imtm dulgmk.
h.
Xuou Xuoumn mn gn gnst stru rudg dgsa sanm nml, l, mh mhmlm mlmk k tuou tuoumn mn ym ymnf nf gn gnfg fgn n hg hgcmp cmpmg mg al al`k `k sumt sumtu u stmnh stmnhmr mr daip`t`nsg hmn daip`t`nsg hmsmr. H`nfmn p`nombmrmn t`rs`but, hmpmt t`rlgkmt bmkwm tuoumn p`nhghgd mtmu furu hmlmi p`ib`lmomrmn hgd`lms b`rdmgtmn h`nfmn tuoumn p`nhghgdmn p`nhghgdmn nmsganml ymnf b`rsuib`r pmhm Zmncmsglm Zmncmsglm hmn PPH =780.
2.
Z`s`rtm Hghgd
B`rd`i B`r d`ibmn bmnfny fnymm dans`p dans`p p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn, n, b`rp`n b`rp`nfmr fmruk uk pmhm pmhm p`igdg p`igdgrmn rmn imsymr imsymrmdm mdmtt t`rkmh t`rkmhmp mp p`nf`rtgmn p`s`rtm hghgd. Dmlmu hulu armnf b`rpgdgr p`s`rtm hghgd t`rhgrg hmrg mnmd-mnmd pmhm usgm s`dalmk smom, imdm s`dmrmnf p`s`rtm hghgd hgiunfdgndmn t`rimsud oufm hghmlminym armnf arm nf h`wmsm. h`wmsm. Imdm Imdm hmrg hmrg gtu, gtu, hmpmt hmpmt hgsgip hgsgipuld uldmn mn bmkwm bmkwm p`s`rtm p`s`rtm hghgd hghgd mhmlmk mhmlmk mnffat mnffatmm imsymrmdmt ymnf b`rusmkm i`nf`ibmnfdmn d`imipumn/ pat`nsg/ bmdmt ymnf mhm pmhm hgrg i`r`dm i`lmlug pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf hgs`hgmdmn al`k l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn hmn pmhm omlur, o`nomnf hmn o`ngs p`nhghgdmn t`rt`ntu/ s`sumg h`nfmn usgm i`r`dm. Z`s`rtm hghgd hmpmt hg hghgd dmr`nm i`r`dm i`iglgdg d`imipumn/ pat`nsg/ bmdmt ymnf i`iunfdgndmn untud hgd`ib hgd `ibmnf mnfdmn dmn,, i`ipun i`ipunymg ymg hmym hmym `dspla `dsplarmsg rmsg (p`no` (p`no`lmo lmomkm mkmn n h`nfmn h`nfmn tuoumn tuoumn i`ip`r i`ip`ral`k al`k p`nf`tmkumn ymnf l`bgk bmnymd), hmn hmn haranfmn untud i`nomhg imnusgm ymnf l`bgk bmgd.
3.
Z`nhghgd
Smlmk smtu daipan`n daipan`n p`ntgnf hmlmi p`nhghgdmn p`nhghgdmn mhmlmk p`nhghgd. S`cmrm mdmh`igs, mdmh`igs, p`nhghgd mhmlmk t`nmfm d`p`nhghgdmn ymdng mnffatm imsymrmdmt ymnf i`nfmbhgdmn hgrg hmn hgmnfmt pmhm l`ibmfm t`rt`ntu ymnf b`rdumlgtms, s`p`rtg furu, has`n, tutar, emsglgtmtar, gnstrudtur, hmn s`butmn lmgn ymnf s`sumg s`s umg h`nfmn dkususunym. X`rhmpmt b`b`rmpm o`ngs p`nhghgd ymnf tghmd t`rbmtms pmhm p`nhghgd hg s`dalmk smom. Hglgkmt hmrg l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn, iunculmk b`b`rmpm gnhgvghu ymnf t`rfalanf pmhm p`nhghgd. Z`rtmim furu fur u s`bmfm s`bmfmgg p`nhgh p`nhghgd gd hmlmi hmlmi l`ibmf l`ibmfmm s`dalm s`dalmk, k, d`hum d`hum armnf armnf tum s`bmfmg s`bmfmg p`nhgh p`nhghgd gd hmlmi hmlmi
7 lgnfdunfmn d`lumrfm, hmn d`tgfm pgipgnmn imsymrmdmt bmgd eariml imupun naneariml s`bmfmg p`nhghgd hglgnfdunfmn hglgnfdunfmn imsymrmdmt. 8.
I`hgm, Smrmnm hmn Zrmsmrmnm Z`ib`lmomrmn
Mhmlmk s`fmlm kml ymnf i`nfmnhunf gnearimsg ymnf b`rupm p`smn mtmu iah`l f`rmdmn ymnf k`nhmd hgsmipmgdmn d`pmhm sgswm. I`hgm pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn p`nhghgdmn omsimng t`rhgrg hmrg i`hgm muhga vgsuml vgsuml hmn dgn`tg dgn`tgd. d. I`hgm vgsuml i`rupmdmn i`rupmdmn wmhmk i`nymipmgdmn i`nymipmgdmn p`smn ymnf hmpmt hglgkmt. I`hgm muhga i`rupmdmn wmhmk i`nymipmgdmn p`smn b`rupm sumrm. S`hmnfdmn i`hgm dgn`tgd mtmu iatargd mhmlmk s`fmlm kml ymnf hgpmdmg untud i`nymipmgdmn p`smn mtmu gnearimsg b`rupm f`rmd. Smrmnm hmn prmsmrmn p`ib`lmomrmn bmsmnym s`sumg h`nfmn imtm p`lmomrmn ymnf hgmomrdmnym s`p`rtg balm. 0.
I`tah` Z`ib`lmomrmn
Cmrm untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn. I`tah` i`ipunymg kubunfmn eunfsganml ymnf dumt h`nfmn tuoumn. I`iglgk hmn i`n`tmpdmn i`tah` b`rmrtg t`lmk i`n`tmpdmn pulm tuoumn ymnf mdmn hgcmpmg. hgcmpmg. Hmlmi i`nyusun i`nyusun strmt`fg, strmt`fg, dmogmn ymnf hglmdudmn hglmdudmn s`cmrm s`dsmim t`ntmnf p`nffunmmn i`tah` ymnf hgt`rmpdmn hgt`rmpdmn mdmn i`nfurmnfg r`sgda d`fmfmlmn pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn. 5.
Gsg Z`nhghgdmn
Gsg p`nhghgdmn i`iglgdg dmgtmn ymnf `rmt h`nfmn tuoumn p`nhghgdmn. Pntud i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nhghgdmn p`rlu hgsmipmgdmn d`pmhm p`s`rtm hghgd gsg/ imt`rg ymnf bgmsmnym hgs`but durgdu dur gdului lui hmlmi p`nhghg p`nhghgdmn dmn eariml eariml.. Durgdu Durgdului lui mhmlmk mhmlmk
p`rmnf p`rmnfdmt dmt imtm p`lmomr p`lmomrmn mn hmn
prafrmi p`nhghgdmn ymnf hgb`rgdmn al`k sumtu l`ibmfm p`ny`l`nffmrm p`nhghgdmn ymnf b`rgsg rmncmnfmn p`lmomrmn ymnf mdmn hgb`rgdmn d`pmhm p`s`rtm hghgd hmlmi smtu p`rgah` o`nomnf p`nhghgdmn. Imcmi- imcmi p`nhghgdmn t`rs`but t`rhgrg hmrg p`nhghgdmn mfmim, p`nhghgdmn sasgml, p`nhghgdmn d`t`rmipglmn, p`nhghgdmn p`nhghgdmn omsimn, hll. 6.
Lgnfdunfmn Z`nhghgdmn
Lgnfdunfmn p`nhghgdmn mhmlmk s`fmlm s`sumtu ymnf mhm hg lumr hgrg mnmd ymnf mhm hg mlmi s`i`stm s`i` stm hmn ymnf i`ib`r i`ib`rgdm gdmn n p`nfmr p`nfmruk uk t`rkmh t`rkmhmp mp
p`rd`i p`rd`ibmn bmnfmn fmnnym nym.. H`nfmn H`nfmn dmtm lmg lmgn n
=: lgnf lgnfdu dunf nfmn mn p` p`nh nhgh ghgd gdmn mn i`ru i`rupm pmdm dmn n
lmtm lmtmrr
t`ip t`ipmt mt b` b`rl rlmn mnfs fsun unfn fnym ym pr pras as`s `s p` p`nh nhgh ghgd gdmn mn..
Lgnfdu Lgn fdunf nfmn mn p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn n hmpmt hmpmt b`rupm b`rupm b`nhmb`nhm-b`n b`nhm, hm, armnfarmnf-arm armnf, nf, d`mhmm d`mhmmn-d n-d`mh `mhmmn mmn,, hmn p`rgstgwm-p`rgstgwm ymnf mhm hg s`dgtmr p`s`rtm hghgd ymnf bgsm i`ib`rgdmn p`nfmruk t`rkmhmp p`rd`ibmnfmnnym, bmgd s`cmrm lmnfsunf imupun tghmd lmnfsunf, bmgd s`cmrm s`nfmom imupun tghmd tgh md hgs`nf hgs`nfmom mom.. X`rhmp X`rhmpmt mt tgfm tgfm pusmt pusmt lgnfdu lgnfdunfm nfmn n p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn, n, hgimnm hgimnm lgnfdu lgnfdunfm nfmn n t`rs`bu t`rs`butt i`lgputg lgnfdunfmn d`lumrfm, s`dalmk, hmn imsymrmdmt.?
=)
Lgndunfm Lgndunfmn n d`lumrfm d`lumrfm Lgnfdunf Lgnfdunfmn mn d`lumrfm d`lumrfm i`rupmdmn i`rupmdmn lgnfdunfmn lgnfdunfmn ymnf p`rtmim p`rtmim hmn
utmim. D`r`nm d`lumrfm i`iglgdg p`nfmruk ymnf dumt t`rkmhmp p`rd`ibmnfmn d`prgbmhgmn mnmd mnm d ymnf ymnf b`rmhm b`rmhm hgt`nf hgt`nfmkmk-t`n t`nfmk fmk d`kghu d`kghupmn pmn d`lumr d`lumrfm. fm. Z`nhgh Z`nhghgdm gdmn n ymnf ymnf pmlgnf pmlgnf bmnymd bmnymd hgt`rg hgt `rgim im al`k al`k mnmd mnmd mhmlmk mhmlmk hmlmi hmlmi d`lumr d`lumrfm. fm. Al`k Al`k dmr`nm dmr`nm gtu, gtu, tufms tufms utmim utmim d`lumr d`lumrfm fm hmlmi hmlmi p`nhghgdmn mnmd mhmlmk
p`l`tmd hmsmr bmfg p`nhghgdmn mdklmd hmn pmnhmnfmn kghup
d`mfmimmn. 2)
Lgn gnf fdu dunf nfmn mn
s` s`da dalm lmk k
S`da `dalmk lmk
mh mhml mlmk mk
l`ib l`ibmf mfmm
p`n `nh hgh ghgd gdmn mn
ymn ymnf
s` s`cm cmrm rm
r` r`si sigg
i`ny`l`nffmrmdmn d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn s`cmrm sgst`imtgs, b`r`ncmnm, s`nfmom hmn t`rmrmk. Lgnfdunfmn Lgnfd unfmn s`dalmk s`dalmk hgs`but oufm lgnfdunfmn lgnfdunfmn d`hum d`hum
ymnf hghgrgdmn hghgrgdmn al`k imsymrmdmt imsymrmdmt mtmu
n`fmrm untud i`ibmntu i`ibmntu i`i`nukg i`i`nukg d`butukmn d`butukmn d`lumrfm. S`kgnffm p`nhghgdmn p`nhghgdmn hg s`dalmk s`dalmk b`rp`rmn s`bmfmg bmfgmn hmn lmnoutmn hmrg p`nhghgdmn d`lumrfm, s`rtm i`rupmdmn o`ibmtmn ymnf i`nfkubunfdmn d`kghupmn hmlmi d`lumrfm h`nfmn d`kghupmn hmlmi imsymrmdmt d`lmd. 3)
Lgnfdunfmn imsymrmdmt Imsymrmdmt mhmlmk s`duipulmn imnusgm ymnf b`rt`ipmt tgnffml
hmlmi sumtu dmwmsmn dmwmsmn hmn smlgnf b`rgnt`rmdsg b`rgnt`rmdsg h`nfmn h`nfmn s`smim untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn t`rt`ntu. Dmr`nm lgnfdunf lgnfdunfmn mn imsymrmdmt imsymrmdmt gtu smnfmt lums hmn bmnymd bmnymd b`rbmfmg b`rbmfmg pgkmd ymnf b`rp`rmn b`rp`rmn hmlmi imsymrmdmt t`rs`but, s`kgnffm i`i`rludmn p`nfmwmsmn hmn p`nfantralmn ymnf l`bgk mfmr sumsmnm lgnfdunfmn imsymrmdmt hmpmt hmpmt i`ib`rgdmn p`nfmruk ymn ymnf f bmgd bmfg p`nhghgdmn mnmd. Imsymrmdmt ymnf b`rp`rmn mdtge hmlmi bghmnf p`nhghgdmn hmpmt hgdlmsgegdmsgdmn i`nomhg b`b`rmpm imcmi. D`laipad gng b`rupm arfmngsmsg-arfmngsmsg p`nhghgdmn, sasgml, palgtgd,
== `danaig, d`mfmimmn hmn s`bmfmgnym. S`ium d`laipad gng p`rlu hglgbmtdmn s`cmrm mdtge hmlmi i`ibmntu hmn i`nhudunf p`ny`l`nffmrmmn p`nhghgdmn. C.
Rumnf Lgnfdup SBI Z`noms
D`fgmt D`f gmtmn mn b`lmomr b`lmomr mhmlmk mhmlmk smlmk smlmk smtu emdtar emdtar utmim utmim hmlmi hmlmi p`nyu p`nyusun sunmn mn strmt`f strmt`fgg p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn p`nhghgdmn omsimng. S`bmb, d`fgmtmn b`lmomr p`nhghgdmn omsimng i`rupmdmn f`rmdmn-f`rmdmn omsimng ymnf i`ipunymg p`nfmruk nymtm t`rkmhmp hgrg sgswm. Smlmk pglgk hmpmt i`nfmdgbmtd i`nfm dgbmtdmn mn d`rusmdmn d`rusmdmn egsgd hmn i`ntml sgswm bmkdmn iunfdgn i`ngibudmn i`ngibudmn cmcmt bmhmn mtmu cmcmt rakmng. Emdtar-emdtar ymnf t`rdmgt h`nfmn p`lmdsmnmn d`fgmtmn b`lmomr p`rlu hgpglgk, hgt`tmpdmn, hmn hgfmbu hgf mbunfd nfdmn mn s`cmrm s`cmrm c`rimt c`rimt.. Emdtar Emdtar ymnf ymnf hgpglg hgpglgk k gtu emdtar emdtar ymnf ymnf t`rdmg t`rdmgtt hmn i`nuno i`nunomnf mnf d`fgmtmn b`lmomr sgswm. S`cmrm fmrgs b`smrnym emdtar-emdtar t`rs`but mhmlmk ? =.
I`tah` Z`ib`lmomrmn
Cmrm untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn. I`tah` i`ipunymg kubunfmn eunfsganml ymnf dumt h`nfmn tuoumn. I`iglgk hmn i`n`tmpdmn i`tah` b`rmrtg t`lmk i`n`tmpdmn pulm tuoumn ymnf mdmn hgcmpmg. hgcmpmg. Hmlmi i`nyusun i`nyusun strmt`fg, strmt`fg, dmogmn ymnf hglmdudmn hglmdudmn s`cmrm s`dsmim t`ntmnf p`nffunmmn i`tah` ymnf hgt`rmpdmn hgt`rmpdmn mdmn i`nfurmnfg r`sgda d`fmfmlmn pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn. 2.
I`hgm Z`ib`lmomrmn
Mhmlmk s`fmlm kml ymnf i`nfmnhunf gnearimsg ymnf b`rupm p`smn mtmu iah`l f`rmdmn ymnf k`nhmd hgsmipmgdmn d`pmhm sgswm. I`hgm pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn p`nhghgdmn omsimng t`rhgrg hmrg i`hgm muhga vgsuml vgsuml hmn dgn`tg dgn`tgd. d. I`hgm vgsuml i`rupmdmn i`rupmdmn wmhmk i`nymipmgdmn i`nymipmgdmn p`smn ymnf hmpmt hglgkmt. I`hgm muhga i`rupmdmn wmhmk i`nymipmgdmn p`smn b`rupm sumrm. S`hmnfdmn i`hgm dgn`tgd mtmu iatargd mhmlmk s`fmlm kml ymnf hgpmdmg untud i`nymipmgdmn p`smn mtmu gnearimsg b`rupm f`rmd. 3.
Rumnf b`lmomr
Mhmlmk msp`d lmgn ymnf turut i`ip`nfmrukg d`b`rkmsglmn pras`s, l`bgk-l`bgk hmlmi pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn p`nhghgdmn omsimng. Rumnf b`lmomr p`nhghgdmn omsimng eunfsgnym? eunfsgnym?
=2 m.
I`ib`rgdmn I`ib`rgdmn bmtms-bm bmtms-bmtms tms t`rt`ntu t`rt`ntu bmfg bmfg f`rmdmn f`rmdmn p`rarmnfmn p`rarmnfmn imupun imupun d`laipad d`laipad.. Rumnf Rumnf
b`lmomr t`pmtnym rumnf f`rmd i`nharanf tgibulnym d`t`rtgbmn. Xmnpm bmtms ymnf o`lms, pras`s p`nhghgdmn omsimng mdmn iuhmk dmcmu. b.
Rumnf b`lmomr ymnf t`fms hmn hgt`ntudmn s`b`luinym i`ngibuldmn rmsm mimn bmfg
i`r`dm i`r `dm ymnf ymnf b`rmhm b`rmhm hg hmlmin hmlminym. ym. Dmr`nm Dmr`nm mhm bmtms-b bmtms-bmtm mtmsny snym, m, gnt`rv gnt`rv`ns `nsgg hmrg hmrg lumr lumr hmpmt hmpmt hgc`fmk. c.
Rumnf oufm hmpmt i`nharanf tgibulnym d`pmhumn d`laipad. Mnffatm budmn mnffatm
iuhmk hgd`nml s`kgnffm tgnhmdmn hmpmt s`f`rm hgs`sumgdmn h`nfmn sgtumsg t`rt`ntu.
8.
Furu
Furu i`rupmdmn emdtar strmt`fgs lmgn ymnf i`ipunymg p`nfmruk nymtm t`rkmhmp d`b`rkmsglmn pras`s b`lmomr-i`nfmomr. Furu i`ipunymg dumsm ymnf b`smr untud i`n`tmpdmn bmfmgimnm pras`s b`lmomr i`nfmomr gtu hglmdsmnmdmn. D`dumsmmn hgtmnfmn gtu t`ntu smom kmrus hgp`rf hgp `rfunm unmdmn dmn h`ig h`ig d`p`nt d`p`ntgnf gnfmn mn sgswm. sgswm. Al`k Al`k dmr`nm dmr`nm gtu, gtu, gnt`rmd gnt`rmdsg sg furu-sg furu-sgswm swm gtu p`rlu p`rlu hgp`rkmtgdmn mfmr d`dumsmmn ymnf b`rmhm hgtmnfmn furu tghmd i`nygipmnf hmrg d`p`ntgnfmn sgswm t`tmpg oufm tghmd t`rlmlu bmnymd p`nfarbmnmn furu 0.
Z`s`rtm Hghgd
B`rd`i B`r d`ibmn bmnfny fnymm dans`p dans`p p`nhgh p`nhghgdm gdmn, n, b`rp`n b`rp`nfmr fmruk uk pmhm pmhm p`igdg p`igdgrmn rmn imsymr imsymrmdm mdmtt t`rkmh t`rkmhmp mp p`nf`rtgmn p`s`rtm hghgd. Dmlmu hulu armnf b`rpgdgr p`s`rtm hghgd t`rhgrg hmrg mnmd-mnmd pmhm usgm s`dalmk smom, imdm s`dmrmnf s `dmrmnf p`s`rtm hghgd hgiunfdgndmn t`rimsud oufm hghmlminym armnf h`wmsm. Imdm hmrg gtu, hmpmt hgsgipuldmn bmkwm p`s`rtm hghgd mhmlmk mnffatm imsymrmdmt ymnf ymn f b`rusm b`rusmkm km i`nf`i i`nf`ibmn bmnfdm fdmn n d`imip d`imipumn umn// pat`ns pat`nsg/ g/ bmdmt bmdmt ymnf ymnf mhm pmhm pmhm hgrg hgrg i`r`dm i`r`dm i`lmlug pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf hgs`hgmdmn al`k l`ibmfm p`nhghgdmn hmn pmhm omlur, o`nomnf hmn o`ngs p`nhghgdmn t`rt`ntu/ s`sumg h`nfmn usgm i`r`dm. Z`s`rtm hghgd hmpmt hg hghgd dmr`nm i`r`dm i`iglgdg d`imi d`imipumn/ pumn/ pat`nsg/ bmdmt ymnf i`iunfdg i`iunfdgndmn ndmn untud untud hgd`ibmnfd hgd`ibmnfdmn, mn,
=3 i`ipunymg hmym `dsplarmsg (p`no`lmomkmn h`nfmn h`nfmn tuoumn i`ip`ral`k p`nf`tmkumn ymnf l`bgk bmnymd), hmn haranfmn untud untud i`nomhg imnusgm ymnf l`bgk bmgd. H.
Eunfsg hmn imnemmt SBI
Strmt`fg b`lmomr-i`nfmomr mhmlmk cmrm-cmrm ymnf hgpglgk untud i`nymipmgdmn imt`rg p`lmomrmn hmlmi lgnfdunfmn p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu, ymnf i`lgputg sgemt, lgnfdup hmn urutmn d`fgmtmn ymnf hmpmt hmp mt i`ib`r i`ib`rgdm gdmn n p`nfml p`nfmlmim mimn n b`lmom b`lmomrr d`pmhm d`pmhm sgswm sgswm (F`rlmc (F`rlmck k hmn @ly). @ly). Strmt`f Strmt`fgg b`lmomr b`lmomr-i`nfmomr tghmd kmnym t`rbmtms pmhm pras`hur d`fgmtmn, i`lmgndmn oufm t`rimsud hg hmlminym imt`rg imt `rg mtmu mtmu pmd`t pmd`t p`nfmo p`nfmomrmn mrmnnym nym (Hgcd (Hgcd hmn Cmr`y) Cmr`y).. Strmt` Strmt`fg fg b`lmom b`lmomr-i` r-i`nfm nfmomr omr t`rhgr t`rhgrgg mtms s`ium daipan`n imt`rg p`nfmomrmn hmn pras`hur ymnf mdmn hgfunmdmn untud i`ibmntu sgswm i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nfmomrmn t`rt`ntu h`nfmn dmtm lmgn strmt`fg b`lmomr-i`nfmomr oufm i`rupm i`r upmdmn dmn p`iglg p`iglgkmn kmn o`ngs o`ngs lmtgkmn lmtgkmn t`rt`n t`rt`ntu tu ymnf ymnf cacad cacad h`nfmn h`nfmn tuoumn tuoumn ymnf ymnf mdmn mdmn hgcmpm hgcmpmgg (Frapp`r). Xgmp tgnfdmk lmdu ymnf kmrus hgp`lmomrg p`rlu hgprmdt`ddmn. Dmr`nm s`tgmp imt`rg hmn tuoumn p`nfmomrmn b`rb`hm smtu smim lmgn, imdm o`ngs d`fgmtmn ymnf kmrus hgprmdt`ddmn al`k sgswm i`i`rludmn p`rsymrmtmn ymnf b`rb`hm pulm. Strmt`fg b`lmomr i`iglgdg eunfsg ? =.
I`ng I`ngnf nfdm dmtd tdmn mn pr prah ahud udtg tgvg vgtm tmss p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrmn rmn h` h`nf nfmn mn om omlm lmn? n? (m) i`ip i`ip`rc `rc`p `pmt mt lm lmou ou b`lmomr hmn i`ibmntu furu untud i`nffunmdmn wmdtu s`cmrm l`bgk bmgd hmn (b) i`nfurmnfg b`bmn furu hmlmi i`nymogdmn gnearimsg, s`kgnffm hmpmt l`bgk bmnymd i`ibgnm hmn i`nf`ibmnfdmn fmgrmk.
2.
I`ib`r I`ib`rgdm gdmn n d`iunfdg d`iunfdgnmn nmn p`ib`lmo p`ib`lmomrmn mrmn ymnf ymnf sgemtnym sgemtnym l`bgk gnhgvg gnhgvghum huml, l, h`nfmn h`nfmn cmrm? (m) i`nfurmnfg dantral furu ymnf dmdu hmn trmhgsganml4 hmn (b) i`ib`rgdmn d`s`ipmtmn bmfg sgswm untud b`rd`ibmnf s`sumg s `sumg h`nfmn d`imipumnnnym.
3.
I`ib I`ib`r `rgd gdmn mn hmsm hmsmrr ymnf ymnf l`bg l`bgk k glig gligmk mk t` t`rk rkmh mhmp mp p` p`ib ib`l `lmo momr mrmn mn h` h`nf nfmn mn cm cmrm rm?? (m (m)) p`rmncmnfmn prafrmi p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf l`bgk sgst`imtgs4 hmn (b) p`nf`ibmnfmn bmkmn p`nfmomrmn ymnf hglmnhmsg al`k p`n`lgtgmn.
8.
L`bg L`bgk k i`im i`imnt ntmp mpdm dmn n p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrm rmn, n, h` h`nf nfmn mn om omlm lmn? n? (m) i`ng i`ngnf nfdm dmtd tdmn mn d` d`im imip ipum umn n suib`r b`lmomr4 (b) p`nymogmn gnearimsg hmn bmkmn s`cmrm l`bgk danfdrgt.
=8 0.
I`iunf I`iunfdgn dgndmn dmn b`lmomr b`lmomr s`cmrm s`cmrm s`d`tg s`d`tgdm, dm, ymgtu? ymgtu? (m) i`nfurmn i`nfurmnfg fg d`s`nomn d`s`nomnfmn fmn mntmrm mntmrm p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf b`rsgemt v`rbml hmn mbstrmd h`nfmn r`mlgtms ymnf sgemtnym danfdrgt4 (b) i`ib`rgdmn p`nf`tmkumn ymnf sgemtnym lmnfsunf. lm nfsunf.
5.
I`iu I`iunf nfdg dgnd ndmn mn p`ny p`nymo mogm gmn n p`ib p`ib`l `lmo momr mrmn mn ym ymnf nf l` l`bg bgk k lu lums ms,, h` h`nf nfmn mn i`ny i`nymo mogd gdmn mn gnearimsg ymnf imipu i`n`ibus bmtms f`afrmegs.
6.
Eunfsg Eunfsg Strmt`fg Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn omsimng omsimng b`reunfsg b`reunfsg s`bmfmg s`bmfmg p`l`tmd p`l`tmd hmsmr d`fgmtmn d`fgmtmn
sumtu pras`s b`lmomr i`nfmomr. Strmt`fg hmpmt pulm b`reunfsg s`bmfmg pmtadmn mtmu udrmn d`b`rkmsglmn. Sumtu p`lmdsmnmmn pras`s b`lmomr i`nfmomr iunfdgn smom s`sumg h`nfmn d` d`t` t`tmp tmpmn mn ym ymnf nf t`lm t`lmk k hgfm hgfmrg rgsd sdmn mn hm hmlm lmi i st strmt rmt`f `fg, g, t`tmp t`tmpgg ou oufm fm hm hmpm pmtt sm smom om b` b`ro roml mlmn mn i`nygipmn i`ny gipmnf f hmrg mpm ymnf t`lmk hgt`tmpdmn. hgt`tmpdmn. Z`nygipmn Z`nygipmnfmn fmn t`rs`but t`rs`but hmpmt hgpmntmu h`nfmn i`ibmnhgnfdmn mpm-mpm ymnf t`lmk hglmdudmn h`nfmn d`t`tmpmn strmt`fg. Bglm t`romhg p`nygipmnfmn mtmu b`rb`hm h`nfmn d`t`tmpmn imdm p`rlu hgmhmdmn p`rbmgdmn mtmu dar`dsg mfmr pras`s d`ibmlg b`romlmn pmhm omlmn ymnf suhmk hgt`tmpdmn strmt`fg. H`nfmn p`nf`rtgmn lmgn, strmt`fg hmpmt b`rp`rmn s`bmfmg mcumn p`lmdsmnmmn hmn i`nomhg pmtadmn untud i`nomlmndmn i`nomlmndmn pras`s p`nf`nhmlgmn bglm t`romhg p`nygipmnfmn. @.
Imcmi - Imcmi Strmt`fg Z`ib`lmomrmn Z`noms
=.
Z`ib`lmomrmn gnt`rmdtge m.
Fmym Daimnha
Fmym daimnha mhmlmk p`nh`dmtmn i`nfmomr ymnf pmlgnf b`rfmntunf pmhm furu. Xuoumnnym mhmlmk p`nmipglmn ymnf c`rimt. Furu i`nygmpdmn s`ium msp`d p`nfmomrmn hmn gm s`p`nuknym b`rtmnffunf omwmb hmn b`rgngsgmtge t`rkmhmp p`nfmomrmn hmn i`imntmu d`imoumn b`smr hmrg p`rd`ibmnfmn sgswmnym. Zmhm hmsmrnym fmym gng hgtmnhmg h`nfmn p`no`lmsmn, h`ianstrmsg, hmn lmtgkmn. Lmzginym, fmym gtu hgiulmg h`nfmn p`no`lmsmn t`ntmnf t`dngd bmdu, hmn d`iuhgmn sgswm i`ncantak hmn i`lmdudmnnym b`rulmnf dmlg. @vmlumsg hglmdudmn b`rhmsmrdmn tuoumn ymnf t`lmk hgt`tmpdmn. hgt`tmpdmn. Sgswm hgbgibgnf hgbgibgnf d` sumtu tuoumn ymnf smim bmfg s`iumnym. s`iumnym. I`imnf Fmym I`nfmomr Daimnha d`bmnymdmn t`rbudtg `e`dtge dmr`nm gliu ymnf hgp`ral`k al`k sgswm
=0 mdmn mdm n c`pmt c`pmt hgs`rmp hgs`rmp hmn hmpmt hmpmt hgi`nf hgi`nf`rt `rtg, g, gnglmk gnglmk p`rmn p`rmn furu furu hgbutu hgbutukd kdmn mn s`pums s`pumsnym nym.. Furu Furu i`nygmpdmn s`ium msp`d p`nfmomrmn ymnf i`nhudunf hmn ymnf `e`dtge. b.
Smsmrmn Fmym Daimnha =)
r`spans lmnfsunf t`rkmhmp p`tunoud ymnf hgb`rgdmn
2)
p`nmipglmn ymnf smim/s`rmfmi
3)
i`nfgdutg iah`l ymnf t`lmk hgt`ntudmn
8)
d`t`pmtmn hmn d`c`rimtmn r`spans
0)
i`ngnfdmtdmn s`imnfmt d`laipad
5)
p`nffunmmn wmdtu s`cmrm `egsg`n
Z`rmn furu pmhm p`ib`lmomrmn gng smnfmt haignmn, ymgtu s`bmfmg p`ibumt d`putusmn pmhm s`ium s`i um tmkm tmkmp, p, dm dmr` r`nm nm pm pmhm hm tmkm tmkmp p p` p`r` r`nc ncmn mnmm mmn, n, tmkmp tmkmp p` p`lm lmds dsmn mnmm mmn n hm hmn n tm tmkm kmp p `v `vml mlum umsg sg s`p`nuk s`p` nuknym nym hglmdu hglmdudmn dmn al`k al`k furu, furu, s`hmnf s`hmnfdmn dmn p`s`rt p`s`rtmm hghgd/ hghgd/sgsw sgswmm kmnym kmnym b`rp`r b`rp`rmn mn s`bmfm s`bmfmgg p`lmdu mtmupun p`lmdsmnm smom ymnf s`p`nuknym kmrus tunhud t`rkmhmp p`nfmrmkmn, p`no`lmsmn, hmn s`fmlm p`rgntmk hmrg furu. @s`nsg hmrg fmym daimnha mhmlmk mhmnym kubunfmn ymnf ymnf lmnf lmnfsu sunf nf hmn hmn c`pm c`pmtt mn mntm tmrm rm st stgi giul ulus us furu furu hm hmn n r` r`sp span an iurg iurgh. h. Stgi Stgiul ulus us b` b`ru rupm pm tmnhm/ tmn hm/dai daimnh mnha a ymnf ymnf hgb`rg hgb`rgdmn dmn furu, furu, mdmn mdmn i`nfmw i`nfmwmlg mlg s`tgmp s`tgmp f`rmdm f`rmdmn n p`s`rtm p`s`rtm hghgd/ hghgd/sgsw sgswmm hmlmi i`nmipgldmn f`rmdmn s`sumg h`nfmn cantak hmrg furu.Fmym daimnha smnfmt s`sumg untud d`fgmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn str`tckgnf, dml`st`ngd hmn t`dngd hmsmr c.
D`l`imkmn hmn D`l`bgkmn Fmym Daimnha
=)
D`durmnfmn Fmym Daimnha mhmlmk ?
m)
Durmnf i`nf`ibmnfdmn p`nmlmrmn
b)
Durmnf i`nf`ibmnfdmn p`ib`ntudmn p`ib`ntudmn sgemt
c)
Xghmd h`iadrmtgs h`iadrmtgs Z`nymlurmn Z`nymlurmn msp`d sasgml, sasgml, `iasganml, `iasganml, hmn dafngtge dafngtge smnfmt
t`rbmtms 2)
D`l`bgkmn Fmym Daimnha mhmlmk ?
=5 m) b)
D`s`rmfmimn f`rmd Ogdm hglmdudmn al`k bmnymd armnf hmpmt i`ibumt sumsmnm gnhmk hmn
i`ny`nmnfdmn
2.
c)
I`nf`ibmnfdmn p`rglmdu hgsgplgn
h)
I`nfkmsgldmn tgnfdmt d`fgmtmn ymnf tgnffg
Z`ib`lmomrmn b`rpmnfdml mtmu b`rparas.
Hmlmi Hm lmi fm fmym ym gn gngg sg sgsw swmm hgb` hgb`rg rgdm dmn n wmdt wmdtu u un untu tud d i`lm i`lmds dsmn mnmd mdmn mn tu tufm fmss s`cmr s`cmrmm p` p`ra rarmn rmnfm fmn, n, s`hmnfdmn furu i`ib`rg uipmn bmlgd d`pmhm s`ium sgswm s`cmrm p`rarmnfmn. Hgsgng furu b`rtmnffunf omwmb i`n`ntudmn tuoumn tuoumn p`nfmomrmn, i`iglgk mdtgvgtms hmn i`n`tmpdmn tmtm urut d`fgmtmn untud i`ncmpmg tuoumn p`nfmomrmn. Fmym lmtgkmn smnfmt s`sumg untud p`ib`lmomrmn hmlmi p`nfumsmmn t`dngd hmsmr. Hg hmlmi fmym tufms gng sgswm gdut s`rtm i`n`ntudmn c`pmt lmibmtnym t`ipa b`lmomr, imdsuhnym furu i`ib`rgdmn d`l`lumsmmn bmfg s`tgmp sgswm untud i`n`ntudmn s`nhgrg d`c`pmtmn b`lmomr hmn d`imoumn b`lmomrnym. Hmlmi fmym gng, furu tghmd i`nfkgrmudmn bmfmgimnm d`lms arfmngsmsg, mtmu mpmdmk sgswm i`lmdudmn tufms gtu s`cmrm s`r`ipmd mtmu tghmd dmr`nm kml gtu tghmd b`fgtu p`ntgnf bmfgnym. Xufms hmpmt hgsmipmgdmn s`cmrm lgsmn mtmu tulgsmn. Sgswm i`lmdudmn i`lmdudmn tufms s`sumg h`nfmn d`imipumnny d`imipumnnymm hmn hgm oufm hmpmt hgbmntu al`k t`imnnym, mtmu tufms gtu hglmdsmnmdmn hmlmi s`bumk d`laipad d`cgl. m.
b.
Z`n`rmpmn Fmym Lmtgkmn =)
Xufms hgb`rgdmn s`cmrm lgsmn mtmu tulgsmn
2)
Xufms lgsmn mtmu tulgsmn hgbumt s`cmrm o`lms hmn sgnfdmt
3)
Sgswm i`lmdudmn tufms h`nfmn d`imipumnnym
D`durmnfmn hmn D`l`bgkmn Fmym Lmtgkmn Lmtgkmn =)
D`durmnfmnm
m)
Durmnf i`nf`ibmnfdmn dr`mtgegtms
b)
Xufms ymnf durmnf o`lms hmn t`rlmlu pmnomnf hmpmt hmpmt i`ngibuldmn lupm
c)
Bmfg s`bmfgmn mnmd hmpmt i`nfkgnhmrg hmrg tufms ymnf s`b`nmrnym
=6 2)
D`l`bgkmn
Furu hmpmt i`ib`rgdmn uipmn bmlgd s`cmrm gnhgvghuml 3.
Z`nfmomrmn s`smim t`imn.
Fmym r`sgpradml ( uipmn bmlgd ) Zmhm fmym r`sgpradml, d`lms hgarfmngsgr hmn hgdanhgsgdmn hmlmi p`rmn-p`rmn t`rt`ntu (hgbmfg i`nomhg hum d`laipad), mhm p`s`rtm hghgd/sgswm ymnf b`rp`rmn s`bmfmg p`lmdu, hmn s`bmfmg abs`rv`r (p`nfmimt) t`rkmhmp mdtgvgtms ymnf hglmdudmn al`k d`laipad p`lmdu, s`hmnfdmn furu s`bm s`bmfm fmgg
emsg emsglg lgtm tmta tar. r.
D`la D`laip ipad ad
sg sgsw swmm
ymnf ymnf
b` b`rt rtgn gnhm hmd d
s` s`bm bmfm fmgg
ab abs` s`rv rv`r `r
i`nf i`nfmi mimt mtgg
tmipgl tmi pglmn/ mn/mdt mdtgvg gvgtms tms ymnf ymnf hglmdu hglmdudmn dmn al`k al`k t`imnn t`imnnym ym (p`lmd (p`lmdu) u) he`nfm he`nfmn n i`ibmw i`ibmwmm l`ibmr l`ibmr ab abs`r s`rvm vmsg sg (p`n (p`nfm fmim imtm tmn) n) ym ymnf nf t`lm t`lmk k hgsu hgsusu sun n al`k al`k fu furu ru,, s`lmn s`lmnou outn tnym ym ab abs`r s`rv` v`rr t` t`rs` rs`bu butt i`nf`vmlumsg tmipglmn hmrg dmwmnnym ymnf b`rtgnhmd s`bmfmg p`lmdu. Hmlmi kml gng `vmlumsg hglmdudmn al`k p`s`rtm hghgd/sgswm s`nhgrg s`cmrm b`rfmntgmn. I`lmlug upmym i`nf`vmlumsg mdtgvgtms t`imnnym, hgkmrmpdmn sgswm oufm i`nf`tmkug dans`p p`lmdsmnmmn ymnf b`nmr, dmr`nm s`tgmp sgswm mdmn b`rp`rmn s`bmfmg abs`rv`r (p`nfmimt), (p`nfmimt), imdm i`r`dm mdmn b`rupmym b`rupmym untud i`nfu i`n fumsmg msmg dans`p dans`p f`rmdn f`rmdnym ym ymnf ymnf b`nmr. b`nmr. Xmnffu Xmnffunfo nfomwm mwmb b hmn p`ib`r p`ib`rgmn gmn uipmn uipmn bmlgd bmlgd hgb`rgd hgb `rgdmn mn d`pmhm d`pmhm sgswm. sgswm. Pntud Pntud p`lmds p`lmdsmnm mnmmn mn fmym fmym r`sgpra r`sgpradml dml,, sgswm sgswm t`rl`bg t`rl`bgk k hmkulu hmkulu kmrus kmrus i`ip`lmomrg t`dngd hmsmr, hmn fmym r`sgpradml gng hglmdsmnmdmn pmhm p`ib`lmomrmn t`dngd lmnou lmn outm tmn. n. Fmym Fmym r`sgp r`sgpra radm dmll ou oufm fm i`ib i`ib`rg `rgdm dmn n d` d`s`i s`ipm pmtm tmn n d` d`pm pmhm hm t`imn t`imn s` s`bm bmym ym un untu tud d i`ib`rgdmn uipmn bmlgd hmn p`rmnmn gng i`iunfdgndmn?
8.
=.
p`ngnfdmtmn gnt`rmdsg sasgml mntmr t`imn s`bmym
2.
uipmn bmlgd s`cmrm lmnfsunf.
Iah`l Z`ib`lmomrmn caap`rmtge.
I`nurut Hmvghsan hmn Vmrskmi “Z`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge mhmlmk iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf i`nf i` nf`l `lai aipa padd ddmn mn
sgswm sgswm
un untu tud d
tu tuou oumn mn
i`nc i`ncgp gptm tmdm dmn n
p` p`nh nh`d `dmt mtmn mn
p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrm rmn n
ym ymnf nf
b`r`e`dtgegtms ymnf i`nfgnt`frmsgdmn d`t`rmipglmn sasgml ymnf b`riumtmn mdmh`igd’. Slmvgn i`nymtmdmn bmkwm “p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge mhmlmk sumtu iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn hgimnm sgswm
=; b`lmomr hmn b`d`rom smim sm im hmlmi d`laipad-d`laipad d`cgl s`cmrm dalmbarmtge ymnf mnffatmnym t`rhgrg hmrg 8-5 armnf h`nfmn h`nfmn strudtur strudtur d`laipad d`laipad k`t`raf`n’. k`t`raf`n’. Omhg hmlmi iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn da daap ap`rm `rmtg tgee gn gng, g, sgswm sgswm b` b`d` d`ro romm sm smim im h` h`nf nfmn mn d` d`la laip ipad adny nymm un untu tud d i`ny i`ny`l `l`sm `smgd gdmn mn sumt sumtu u p`rimsmlmkmn. H`nfmn b`fgtu sgswm mdmn b`rtmnffunf omwmb mtms b`lmomrnym s`nhgrg hmn b`rusmkm i`n`iudmn gnearimsg untud i`nomwmb p`rtmnymmn-p`rtmnymmn ymnf hgb`rgdmn pmhm i`r`dm. B`rhmsmrdmn B`rhmsm rdmn urmgmn hg mtms, hmpmt hgsgipuldmn hgsgipuldmn bmkwm iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge daap`rmtge mhmlmk iah`l iah `l p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn ymnf ymnf i`nfut i`nfutmim mimdmn dmn p`ib`n p`ib`ntud tudmn mn d`laip d`laipad ad ymnf ymnf b`rtuo b`rtuoumn umn untud untud i`ncgptmdmn p`nh`dmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn ymnf `e`dtge. m.
Xuoumn Iah`l Z`ib`lmomrmn Daap`rmtge
Xuoumn iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge mhmlmk kmsgl b`lmomr mdmh`igd sgswm i`ngnfdmt hmn sgswm hmpmt i`n`rgim i`n`rgim b`rbmfmg b`rbmfmg d`rmfmimn d`rmfmimn hmrg t`imnnym t`imnnym s`rtm p`nf`ibmnfmn p`nf`ibmnfmn d`t`rmipglmn d`t`rmipglmn sasgml. sasg ml. Oaknsa Oaknsan n & Oaknsa Oaknsan n i`nymt i`nymtmdm mdmn n bmkwm bmkwm tuoumn tuoumn padad padad b`lmomr b`lmomr daap`r daap`rmtge mtge mhmlmk mhmlmk i`imdsgimld i`imd sgimldmn mn b`lmomr b`lmomr sgswm untud p`ngnfdmtmn p`ngnfdmtmn pr`stmsg pr`stmsg mdmh`igd mdmh`igd hmn p`imkmimn p`imkmimn bmgd s`cmrm gnhgvghu imupun s`cmrm d`laipad. Laugs`ll hmn H`scmips oufm i`nmibmkdmn, dmr`nm sgswm b`d`rom hmlmi sumtu tgi, imdm h`nfmn h`nfmn s`nhgrgnym s`nhgrgnym hmpmt hmpmt i`ip`rbmgdg i`ip`rbmgdg kubunfmn hgmntmrm pmrm sgswm hmrg lmtmr b`lmdmnf `tngs hmn d`imipumn, i`nf`ibmnfdmn d`t`rmipglmnd`t`rmipglmn pras`s hmn p`i`cmkmn imsmlmk. Omhg gntg hmrg tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge mhmlmk untud i`ngnfdmtdmn pmrtgsgpmsg sgswm, i`iemsglgtmsg sgswm, hmn i`ib`rgdmn d`s`ipmtmn pmhm sgswm untud b`rgnt`rmdsg hmn b`lmomr b`rsmim-smim sgswm lmgnnym. b.
Zrgnsgp Hmsmr Iah`l Z`ib`lmomrmn Daap`rmtge
Zrgnsgp hmsmr hmlmi p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge s`bmfmg b`rgdut?
=)
S`tgmp mnffatm d`laipad b`rtmnffunf omwmb mtms s`fmlm s`sumtu ymnf hgd`romdmn
hmlmi d`laipadnym hmn b`rpgdgr bmkwm s`ium mnffatm d`laipad i`iglgdg tuoumn ymnf smim.
=7 2)
Hmlmi d`laipad t`rhmpmt p`ibmfgmn tufms s`cmrm i`rmtm hmn hglmdudmn `vmlumsg
s`t`lmknym. 3)
Smlgnf i`ibmfg d`p`igipgnmn mntmr mnffatm d`laipad untud b`lmomr b`rsmim
s`lmim p`ib`lmomrmn. 8) c.
S`tgmp mnffatm d`laipad b`rtmnffunfomwmb mtms s`ium p`d`rommn d`laipad.
Cgrg-cgrg iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge s`bmfmg b`rgdut? =)
Sgswm Sgswm hmlmi hmlmi d`laip d`laipad ad b`d`rom b`d`rom smim smim i`ny`l i`ny`l`sm `smgdm gdmn n imt`rg imt`rg b`lmom b`lmomrr s`sumg s`sumg
daip`t`nsg hmsmr ymnf mdmn hgcmpmg. 2)
D`laipad hgb`ntud s`cmrm k`t`raf`n.
3)
Z`nfkmrfmmn l`bgk hgb`rgdmn d`pmhm d`laipad, budmn d`pmhm gnhgvghu.
Zmhm iah`l p`ib`lmomrmn daap`rmtge i`imnf hgtanoaldmn pmhm hgsdusg hmn d`romsmim hmlmi d`laipad. D`laipad hgb`ntud s`cmrm k`t`raf`n s`kgnffm sgswm hmpmt b`rdaiungdmsg, smlgnf b`rbmfg gliu, smlgnf i`nymipmgdmn p`nhmpmt, hmn smlgnf i`nfkmrfmg p`nhmpmt t`imn s`d`laipadnym. 0.
Strmt`fg dafngtge
Strmt`f Str mt`fgg ymnf ymnf i`i`rl i`i`rludm udmn n eunfsg eunfsg dafngt dafngtge ge ( s`p`rt s`p`rtgg p`i`cm p`i`cmkmn kmn imsmlm imsmlmk k ) ymnf ymnf hmpmt hmpmt hg lmdudmn h`nfmn danv`rf`n hmn hgv`rf`n 5.
Z`ib`lmomrmn b`r`fu
I`lgbmtdmn l`bgk bmnymd furu untud i`nfmomr pmhm d`l`ipad 6.
Strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn hgrg
Sgswm hg b`rg tufms untud hg s`lsmgdmn s`nhgrg hmlmi omnfdm wmdtu t`rt`ntu, hmlmi kml gng sgst`i tutargml b`rlmdu E.
Zras`hur Z`ib`lmomrmn Z`noms
D`b`rkmsglmn p`ib`lmomrmn smnfmt hgp`nfmrukg hgp`nfmrukg al`k b`b`rmpm b`b`rmpm emdtar hgmntmrmnym hgmntmrmnym al`k pras`s pras`s p`ib`lmomrmn. Zras`s p`ib`lmomrmn i`rupmdmnrmnfdmgmn mdtgvgtms hmn gnt`rmdsg mntmrm sgswm hmn hmn
furu furu
ymnf ymnfhg hgd` d`nh nhml mlgd gdmn mn
i`lm i`lmlu lugg
p`r` p`r`nc ncmn mnmm mmn n
p` p`ib ib`l `lmo momr mrmn mn..
Z` Z`lm lmds dsmn mnmm mmn n
2: pras`sp`ib`lmomrmn p`rlu hglmdudmn s`cmrm s `cmrm sgst`imtgs b`rhmsmrdmn pras`hurp`ib`lmomrmn ymnf t`lmk hgd`ibmnfdmn. Al`k dmr`nm gtu, smlmk smtud`imipumn ymnf kmrus hgiglgdg al`k furu S`da S`dalm lmk k Hmsmr Hmsmr mh mhml mlmk mk
imip imipui ui`i `imk mkmi migg hm hmn n i`lm i`lmds dsmn mnmd mdmn mn pr pras as`h `hur ur p` p`ib ib`l `lmo momrm mrmn n
hmlmip`ib`lmomrmn d`laipad, gnhgvghuml imupun dlmsgdml. D`putusm-d`putusmn ymnf kmrus hg mibgl al`k furu s`b`lui i`lmdudmn p`ib`lmomrmn. =.
Zrm-Z`rt`iumn m.
smsmrmn p`ib`lmomrmn
b.
p`iglgkmn fmym
c.
fmym b`lmomr ymnf hgkmrmpdmn
h.
sgmpm ymnf mdmn hgmomr (d`laipad mtmu gnhgvghu)
`.
padad bmkmsmn? m.
tufms
b.
ouilmk
c.
urutmn
e.
hgimnm i`nfmomr (ladmsg)
f.
dmpmn i`nfmomr
k.
=)
wmdtu iulmg
2)
d`c`pmtmn – grmim p`ib`lmomrmn
3)
lmimnym
8)
wmdtu b`rk`ntg.
0)
wmdtu t`nffmnf mntmrm tufms-tufms
5)
mdkgr p`ib`lmomrmn
sgdmp bmhmn
g.
pmdmgmn hmn p`nmipglmn
o.
cmrm i`nomwmb p`rtmnymmn-p`rtmnymmn
d. l.
p`nfmturmn arfmngsmsg pmrmi`t`r - p`ibmtmsmn falanfm
2= i.
sumsmnm d`lms – sasgml, me`dtge
n.
`vmlumsg bmkmn hmn pras`hur lmgn-lmgn
D`s`iumnym D`s`iu mnym gng i`rupmdmn i`rupmdmn d`putusmn-d`putu d`putusmn-d`putusmn smn ymnf p`rlu hgmibgl hgmibgl s`cmrm smhmr i`nf`nmg i`nf`nmg bmfmgimnm p`ib`lmomrmn mdmn hgsusun. 2.
S`lmim Z`rt`iumn
D`putusmn-d`putusmn ymnf p`rlu hgmibgl s`lmim p`ib`lmomrmn b`rlmnfsunf mhmlmk? m. b.
I`lmdsmnmdmn d`putusmn-d`putusmn prm-p`rt`iumn I`ny`sumgdmn d`putusmn-d`putusmn – iunfdgn d`putusmn ymnf hgmibgl kmrus
hgubmk untud lmncmrnym p`ib`lmomrmn 3.
Zmscm Z`rt`iumn
D`putusmn hgmibgl iunfdgn s`lmim mtmu s`suhmk p`lmomrmn b`rlmnfsunf. I`nglmg p`nmipglmn hmn uipmn bmlgd ymnf hgb`rgdmn hmpmt hglmdudmn s`lmim mtmu s`suhmk p`lmdsmnmmn tufms-tufms untud p`ib`lmomrmn? m.
Kmrus i`lgkmt p`nmipglmn sgswm hmn i`nfuipuldmn d`t`rmnfmn-d`t`rmnfmn
i`nf`nmg kml gtu. b.
Kmrus i`nfudur gnearimsg ymnf hgp`ral`k h`nfmn drgt`rgm ymnf t`lmk
hgt`ntudmn. Gng kmrus hgcmntuidmn hmlmi smsmrmn p`lmomrmn. c.
Z`rnymtmmn-p`rnymtmmn uipmn bmlgd?
h.
Z`nglmgmn fmym i`nfmomr
`.
Z`nglmgmn b`lmomr.
S`t`lmk S`t `lmk p`rsgmp p`rsgmpmn mn i`nfmo i`nfmomr mr hg lmdudm lmdudmn n imdm imdm hg bmwmk bmwmk gng mhmlmk mhmlmk pras`h pras`hur ur p`ib`l p`ib`lmomr momrmn mn p`noms
=.
Z`nhmkulumn
m.
B`rbmrgs, b`rham hmn i`nfmbs`n
b.
I`lmdudmn lmrg, p`r`fmnfmn hgnmigs hmn stmtgs.
22 Kml ymnf p`rlu hggnfmt bmkwm hmlmi p`imnmsmn gng sgswm hgb`rg d`b`bmsmn untud i`igipgn p`imnmsmn tmnpm kmrus hgmtur mtmu hgdaimnha al`k furu. furu. Eunfsg furu kmnym kmnym i`nfmwmsg smom. 2.
Gntg
Z`rs`ntmsg ( ems` dafngtge )
3.
m.
Z`no`lmsmn
b.
Z`rmfmmn
c.
Z`rcabmmn ( ems` egdsmsg ) ´ s`luruk sgswm wmogb i`ncabm
h.
Z`ny`ipurnmmn ( ems` ataimtgsmsg )
Z`nutupmn m.
Sgswm b`rbmrgs hmn i`lmdudmn f`rmdmn-f`rmdmn s`h`rkmnm untud p`n`nmnfmn
b.
@vmlumsg hmn d`sgipulmn kmsgl b`lmomr
c.
B`rham
Kml ymnf p`rlu hggnfmt bmkwm hmlmi p`nutup gng sgswm hgb`rg d`b`bmsmn untud i`lmdudmn p`nhgnfgnmn tmnpm kmrus hgmtur mtmu hgdaimnha al`k furu. Eunfsg furu kmnym i`nfmwmsg smom. Hmlmi p`nutupmn p`ib`lmomrmn, `vmlumsg mdmn hglmdudmn al`k furu h`nfmn cmrm b`rtmnym pmhm sgswm t`ntmnf mpm ymnf t`lmk i`r`dm d`romdmn hmn mpm ymnf i`r`dm t`iudmn. Omwmbmn sgswm hmpmt b`rsgemt v`rbml mtmupun h`nfmn i`nh`ianstrmsgdmn i`lmlug f`rmd.
23
BMB GGG SGIZPLMN M.
SGIZPLMN
Strmt`fg b`rmsml hmrg bmkmsm gnffrgs ymgtu “strmt`fy’ mrtgnym sgmsmt, mdml mtmu gliu p`rmnf. Zmhm mwmlnym gstglmk strmt`fg s`rgnfdmlg hgfunmdmn hgdmlmnfmn iglgt`r ymnf hgmrtgdmn s`bmfmg s`ng i`r` i` r`nc ncmn mnmd mdmn mn f`rm f`rmdm dmn n iglg iglgt` t`rr hmlm hmlmi i sumt sumtu u p` p`rt rt`i `ipu purm rmn n mt mtmu mu p` p`rm rmnf nf ut utmi mimm hm hmlm lmi i kubu kubunf nfmn mnny nymm h`nf h`nfmn mn f`rm f`rmdm dmn n pmsu pmsudm dmn n hmrm hmrmt, t, lmut lmut hm hmn n uh uhmr mrmm d` mr mrmk mk sm smsm smrm rmn n ym ymnf nf i`nfuntunfdmn untud b`rt`ipur. B`rmsmrdmn p`nf`rtgmn hg mtms, strmt`fg hmpmt hg ruiusdmn s`bmfmg hmsmr ymnf i`nfmcu pmhm p`r`ncmnmmn hmn p`nf`lalmmn sumtu d`fgmtmn hmlmi rmnfdm i`ncmpmg sumtu tuoumn. Strmt`fgg hmpmt hgmsuisgdmn Strmt`f hgmsuisgdmn smim mrtgnym mrtgnym h`nfmn s`bumk sgmsmt, cmrm, mtmu tmdtgd. tmdtgd. S`t`lmk S`t`lmk furu i`n`tmpdmn p`nh`dmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn imdm s`lmnoutnym furu kmrus i`nyusun s`bumk strmt`fg hmlmi p`ib`lmomrmn. H`nfmn h`igdgmn, imdm imdm strmt`fg p`ib`lmomrmn budmn i`rupmdmn pras`s ym ymnf nf pm pmst stgg ym ymnf nf sg sgmp mp hg pm pmd` d` hm hmlm lmi i s` s`fm fmlm lm sgt sgtum umsg sg hm hmn n tu tuou oumn mn p` p`ib ib`l `lmom momrmn rmn.. Stmrm Stmrmt` t`fg fg
28 p`ib`lmomrmn mhmlmk i`rupmdmn kmsgl pglgkmn ymnf hg s`sumgdmn h`nfmn sgtumsg hmn tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn t`rt`ntu. Sgtumsg hmn tuoumn p`ib`lmomrmn gtu hmpmt b`rb`hm b`hm.
B.
SMRMN
Strmt`fgg hmpmt hgmsuisgdmn Strmt`f hgmsuisgdmn smim mrtgnym mrtgnym h`nfmn s`bumk sgmsmt, cmrm, mtmu tmdtgd. tmdtgd. S`t`lmk S`t`lmk furu i`n`tmpdmn p`nh`dmtmn p`ib`lmomrmn imdm s`lmnoutnym furu kmrus i`nyusun s`bumk strmt`fg hmlmi p`ib`lmomrmn. Dumsm t`ntmnf s`ium ymnf b`rkubunfmn h`fmn p`nhghgdmn dmrnm gtu smnfmt b`rfunm s`dmlg
HMEXMR ZPSXMDM Kghmymt, Cucu Xrg Oungmr, Hgcdy Rakymnm Mmnf. Mmnf. B@LMOMR HMN Z@IB@LMOMRMN Z@IB@LMOMRMN Omsimng XR6? FMWM-FMWM I@NFMOMR I@NFMOMR B@LMOMR HMN Z@IB@LMOMRMN Z@NOMS DAIZAN@N – DAIZAN@N Z@NHGHGDMN | mlgeegm yulgmntg Z@NHGHGD_N OMSIMNG 2:=0 2:=0 Xmsgdimlmym pras`hur p`ib`lmomrmmn p`noms p`noms - Msd.cai S`mrck rumnf lgnfdup hmn dmogmn p`hmfafg almkrmfm almkrmfm - Msd.cai S`mrck
lgnd yautub` ? kttps?//yautu.b`/gCZqtuxbNUP kttps?//yautu.b`/gCZqtuxbNUP
Mcmh`igm.`huZ`nhghgdmn Mcmh`igm.`huZ`nhghgdm n
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