Pathophysiology of POTT's disease

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Modifiable factors: -Smoking -Environmental hazard -Contact with an infected person

Non-modifiable Non-modifiable factors: -Sex(1.5-2:1 male to female ratio) -Age(common in children and young adults)

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Patchy opacities in the lungs, based on diagnostic radiology

Haematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Legend: Modifiable factors Non-modfable factors Client-based Book-based

Accumulation of the bacteria in the vertebrae (T9-T12)

Proliferation of the bacteria in the vertebrae

Infection

POTT’S DISEASE

M. tuberculosis bacilli kill surround surroundin in disk tissue tissue

Progressive microcellular damage / injured cells release of  chemicals T9-T12

Disk tissue dies by caseation of disk  tissue

Circulating B-lymphocytes B-lymphocytes stimulated producing

Cytokine interleukin-2 (responsible

immunoglobulins immunoglobulins (antibodies)

for cell mediated response)

Cytokine interleukin-1 & 6

Inecrease metabolic

vasoconstrictive vasoconstrictive agents

function for body

stimulate pyrogen release

temperature w/ the aid of the

Antibodies attach to the

Binds to interleukin-2 receptor

bacterial antigen tagging

site of TB specific lymphocytes lymphocytes

them for phagocytosis

hypothalamic thermo regulating Vasodilation of the

T lymphocites activated

involved blood vessels

s stem

Increase blood flow

TB specific lymphocytes

Fever

identify the bacterial antigen & will perform phagocytosis

Redness

Heat

Fragments of the bacillus triggers

Diagnostic

increase WBC production

hematology WBC

the surrounding area allowing

of 12,700mm3

plasma to leak from blood stream

Neutrophils: 87%

Microbial Killing

Leukocytosis

Rapid cell death

Lymphocytopenia

Lymphocytes

(prolonged infection)

7%

Increase capillary permeability of 

into the extravascular space

Localize edema

Pressure to the surrounding area

Abscess Diagnostics show T8 Vertebral Abscess

Increase the demand for glucose and other

Pain receptor activated

Back pain

nutrients

Heavy lifting in occupation (Junker)

Increase load on the spinal column

Vertebral narrowing

Vertebral collapse (T9-T12)

Diagnostic -MRI -CT scan Urinary retention

Compression of the spinal cord

Kyphosis

Paraparesis

Weakness from lower epigastic region downward

Constipation Decreased ability to feel the urge and to control defecation and micturation

Decreased muscle rating and sensory perception at lower extremity

Decreased Metabolism

Decreased physical activity

Muscle atrophy