PATHOLOGIE DES STRUCTURES Chapitre 4 Pathologies Des Fondations

June 17, 2019 | Author: SAIDA GENIE CIVIL | Category: Foundation (Engineering), Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Building Engineering, Engineering
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cours PATHOLOGIE DES STRUCTURES Chapitre 4 Pathologies Des Fondations...

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C`aphtrg 6 = \at`edekhgs fgs Iejfathejs

C`aphtrg 6 = \at`edekhgs fgs Iejfathejs 1. Hjtrefucthej=

Gj kèjèrad, dgs fèserfrgs fus ì fgs prebdàogs fg iejfathej gjtraêjgjt fgs irahs hopertajts. Hds sejt tràs varhès gt f‘erhkhjgs fhvgrsgs. Dgurs giigts pguvgjt addgr fg da ihssurathej fg da structurg fu bâthogjt musqu‘ì sa ohsg gj pèrhd, c‘gst ì fhrg sej abajfej pur gt shopdg, da cejstructhej fgvgjajt hopreprg ì sa fgsthjathej hjhthadg. 2. Rödg fgs Iejfathejs =

Da iejfathej gst uj fhspeshthi cejstructhi iahsajt parthg f‘uj euvrakg rgpesajt sur uj tgrrahj f‘asshsg gt quh trajsogt au sed teutgs dgs acthejs prevgjajt fg d‘euvrakg fejt gddg iaht parthg (c`arkgs pgroajgjtgs gt varhabdgs). Dgs iercgs quh s‘gxgrcgjt sur da cejstructhej sejt= sej pehfs, dg vgjt, da jghkg, d‘hjidugjcg fg da c`adgur gt fg d‘`uohfhtè, dgs iercgs fg cejtact fu sed sur da d a parthg fg oaëejjgrhg qu‘ej jeoog iejfathej .

Gj iaht da iejfathej trajsogt au sed fgs c`arkgs fgscgjfajtgs (dgs c`arkgs fu bâthogjt gt dgs acthejs cdhoathqugs)> gddg trajsogt par ahddgurs au bâthogjt dgs acthejs ascgjfajtgs fu sed (ceoog da peussèg f‘Arc`hoàfg). Dg rödg fg da iejfathej gst teut shopdgogjt dg suhvajt = 

Da iejfathej feht rèshstgr gddg-oíog aux c`arkgs gt feht ítrg cadcudèg gj cejsèqugjcg. 1

C`aphtrg 6 = \at`edekhgs fgs Iejfathejs



D'gjsgobdg euvrakg – iejfathej - sed feht ítrg gj èquhdhbrg stabdg. Hd jg feht pas y avehr pesshbhdhtè fg oeuvgogjt.

- pas fg kdhssgogjt `erhzejtad = D‘af`èrgjcg sed – iejfathej feht gopíc`gr dgs iercgs `erhzejtadgs (peussègs fu vgjt, fgs tgrrgs…) fg peussgr d‘euvrakg `erhzejtadgogjt. - pas fg bascudgogjt = Dgs c`arkgs `erhzejtadgs ejt tgjfajcg ì iahrg bascudgr d‘euvrakg car gddgs crègjt uj oeogjt. Dgs iercgs vgrthcadgs (pehfs) fehvgjt dgs cejtrgbadajcgr. - pas fg fèpdacgogjt vgrthcad = Dg sed feht ítrg suiihsaoogjt rèshstajt peur èvhtgr d‘gjiejcgogjt fu bâthogjt fg oajhàrg ujhierog eu fhssyoètrhqug (tassgogjts fhiièrgjthgds gjtrg fgux parthgs sedhfahrgs fg d'euvrakg) gt dg bâthogjt feht ítrg suiihsaoogjt deurf peur èvhtgr dgs d gs seudàvgogjts fus ì d'acthej fg d'gau cejtgjug fajs dg sed (peussèg f'Arc`hoàfg). 

Wjg iejfathej feht ítrg furabdg. Veutgs dgs prècauthejs fgvrejt ítrg prhsgs fajs dgs fhspeshthejs cejstructhvgs, dg c`ehx gt d'gopdacgogjt fgs oatèrhaux, ahjsh qug fajs da ohsg gj œuvrg.



Wjg iejfathej feht ítrg ècejeohqug. Dg typg fg iejfathej, dgs oatèrhaux gopdeyès gt da ohsg gj œuvrg fehvgjt ítrg dg oehjs oeh js ceþtgux pesshbdg.

3. VX\GS FG IEJFAVHEJS

Dg trajsigrt fgs c`arkgs, gssgjthgddgogjt cgddgs vgrthcadgs, fg da structurg au sed pgut sg iahrg fg fhiièrgjtgs oajhàrgs, quh cerrgspejfgjt ì fgux krajfgs catèkerhgs fgs structurgs fg iejfathej, quh ì dgur teur sg ceopesgjt fg fhiièrgjtgs typedekhgs fg iejfathej . Dgs fgux typgs fg iejfathejs sejt =

2

C`aphtrg 6 = \at`edekhgs fgs Iejfathejs

3.1. Dgs iejfathejs supgrihchgddgs,

Dgs iejfathejs sejt fhtgs supgrihchgddgs sh ujg fgs fgux cejfhthejs suhvajtgs gst rgspgctèg = @/D 4 9 eu @ 4 3 o

Avgc @ = preiejfgur fg da iejfathej gt D = darkgur fg da iejfathej. 

hsedègs = sgogddgs



dhjèahrgs = dgs sgogddgs ihdajtgs ihd ajtgs (cejthjugs)



suriachqugs = rafhgrs

3.2. Dgs iejfathejs preiejfgs gt spèchadgs .

Dgs iejfathejs sejt fhtgs preiejfgs sh ujg fgs fgux cejfhthejs suhvajtgs gst rgspgctèg = @/D : 9 eu @ : 3 o 

phgux ierès



phgux battus



ohcrephgux



puhts

3

C`aphtrg 6 = \at`edekhgs fgs Iejfathejs

Ihkurg= Oefàdgs fg iejcthejjgogjt fgs phgux

6. Stathsthqugs sur da rupturg fgs iejfathejs =

Veut f‘aberf vehch da stathsthqug fhtg « fg Dekgahs ¾ (SECEVGC 18;9) = Cejcgrjajt dgs acchfgjts fg iejfathejs supgrihchgddgs sur 2< ajs = 

27% sejt fus ì fgs iejfathejs sur rgobdahs rècgjts eu hjsuiihsaoogjt h jsuiihsaoogjt ceopacts



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