Paso 4

 

NHQPCIL @H UZISHAPIQ S IZNBLC_BACILHQ H@XABPCWBQ UBZB DBQ CLGBLACBQ. Xlc`b` 1 - Ubsi 0

Hstu`cblths? Hc`y Qcdvblb Kuòiz Jidbòis Ducsb Ghrlbl`b Isirci Zhvhdi

(82082:Y>)

Putir? AHACDCB BDH]BL@ZB WBZNBQ XLCWHZQC@B@ LBACILBD BJCHZPB S B @CQPBLACB XLB@ HQAXHDB @H ACHLACBQ @H DB H@XABACÑL - HAH@X DCAHLACBPXZB HL UH@BNINËB CLGBLPCD :5:5

 

Hd girkbti ailtchlh clstruaacilhs pultubdhs pbrb su `hsbrriddi hltrh pbrãlthscs, ulb vhz gclbdczb`i hd rhncstri `h db clgirkbacñl suprckcrdbs, claduc`b hstb litb clgirkbtcvb. 2. @hsarcjcr @hsarcjcr `h bauhr`i bauhr`i ail dbs scnuchlth scnuchlths s abthnirë abthnirëbs bs dbs c`hbs prclacpbdhs prclacpbdhs quh gul`b gul`bkhlt khltbl bl hd aurrëaud aurrëaudi i hl db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr? (Db `hsarcpacñl b rhbdczbr hl hd scnuchlth aub`ri, `hjh shr `hs`h ul hohracaci clthrprhtbtcvi y `h sëlthscs sijrh db clgirkbacñl ailsudtb`b). Hstu`cblth Abthnirëb

Ducsb Ghrlbl`b Isirci Zhvhdi Qbjhr ph`bnñncai @hsarcpacñl

Hsth aurrëaudi hstâ jbsb`i hl db hxphrchlacb, rhsbdtb db tbrhb `h db kbhstrb db aubd hs abpbz `h ckbnclbr, ailstruc ails trucr, r, arhbr ailiackchl ailiackchltis tis `h girkb girkb blbdëtcab blbdëtcab y rhgdhxcv rhgdhxcvb b quh db ailddhvb b prip pripilhr ilhr prip pripuhst uhstbs bs ph`bnñncabs. ph`bnñncab s. Uir ailscnuchlth y ail kuamb pripch`b` `hjh rhgdhxcilbr rhgdhxcilbr sijrh su sbjhr sbjhr hs `hacr, vidvhr sijrh sus prâatcabs, prhnultbrsh sijrh hddbs, aikprhl`hr auâdhs gulacilbril y pirquã, hxpdirbr añki hl hlrcq rcquh uhahr ahrdbs dbs y rhail rhailstr strucr ucrdbs dbs.. Hl ÿdtck ÿdtckbs, bs, `hjh `hjh cl`bn cl`bnbr br añki añki mb mbahr ahr `h su prâatc prâatcab ab ul priah priahsi si clthlacilb`i clthlacilb `i y scsthkâtcai. (Livib., :52>) :52>) B kh`c`b quh db rhgdhxcñl surnh surnh bdrh`h`ir `h db prâatca prâatcab, b, db hxphrchlacb y hd jbnboh quh ulcgcab`is lis `b aiki rhsudtb`i hd ailiackchlti b`qucrc`i b`qucrc`i y baukudb`i `h db prighscñl b di dbrni `h dis bòis `hd quh mbahr `iahlth. Uir ailscnuchlth hd thoc`i pbrtcaudbr quh mbah ab`b kbhstrb hltrh hd jbnboh, db rhgdhxcñl y db prâatcab hs piscjdh ckprhnlbr `h shltc`i ti`is dis batis aitc`cblis quh sh `bl hl dis `cvhrsis hsahlbrcis `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr (@hPhzblis, (@hPhzblis, :55>, p.20).

 

Hstu`cblth Abthnirëb

@hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh @hsarcpacñl

Hstu`cblth Abthnirëb

Clthrbaacilhs @hsarcpacñl

Hc`y Qcdvblb Kuòiz Dbs batcvc`b`hs rhatirbs

Hstu`cblth Abthnirëb @hsarcpacñl

Dbs gbkcdcbs `hs`h db htbpb `h nhstbacñl vbl `bl`i bprhl`czbohs scnlcgcabtcvis b dis jhjhs, `hs`h hsh kikhlti sh vbl thochl`i scnlcgcab`is audturbdhs quh tchlhl dbs gbkcdcbs, ab`b pbdbjrb, ab`b kuhstrb `h

 

bghati vbl `bl`i shltc`i b db hxcsthlacb `hd jhjã y ti`i hsti phrkcth quh sh vbyb girkbl`i i bpbrhachl`i db dcthrbturb6 kh`cblth dbs `cghrhlths hxprhscilhs sh vb girkbl`i db irbdc`b`, db lbrrbacñl y tbkjcãl dis brruddis i khdi`ëbs. Hsth clcaci `h dhlnuboh hs hd quh bainh b dis lcòis y lcòbs y dh `bl dunbr b db vc`b khltbd y bghatcvb y `h hstb kblhrb mby ul clcaci `hd ouhni6 ti`bs dbs phrsilbs quh mby bdrh`h`ir `hd lcòi i lcòb jrcl`bl pbdbjrbs y dis prckhris nhstis aiki aisqucddbs, abrcacbs, jbdblahis sil dÿ`cais.

Dis lcòis y dbs lcòbs hl aikpbòëb `h dis b`udtis aikchlzbl b rhailiahr dbs kcrb`bs, ijohtis, silc`is, hspbacis, ailthxtis y quchrhl kblcpudbr, tiabr, idhr, iër, hl sc hxphrckhltbr y hxpdirbr ti`i di quh dhs ri`hb6 `h hstb kblhrb ti`bs hsbs hxphrchlacbs quh sh vbl b`qucrchl`i sh ailvchrthl hl hxphrchlacbs dcthrbrcbs ail hd ouhni y b su vhz ail db hxpdirbacñl `hd kul`i. B trbvãs `h dis ouhnis y db hxpdirbacñl `h `cghrhlths ijohtis dis lcòis y dbs lcòbs vbl `hspdhnbl`i sus ab abpb pbac ac`b `b`h `hs s y ar arhb hbl` l`i ihxprhscilhs gi girk rkbs bs pr prip ipcb cbs s `h ytrbl trdb blsg sgir irkb kbrr su`hrh rhbd bdc` c`b` b`.. Uir Uir it itri rikuscabdhs db db`i `i cl clca cacb cbl l ai ail l db hxphrckhltbacñl `h dbs brtëstcabs hxpdirbacñl dis clstrukhltis hsauambl`i sus silc`is b pbrtcr `h db bpripcbacñl `h db audturb (ounbr b audtcvbr, b aiaclbr, b phsabr). Hs aitc`cbl aitc`cbli i kcrb kcrbrr b dis lcòis y b dbs lcòbs ounbr, airrhr, airrhr, sbdtbr, sbdtbr, hxpdirb hxpdirbr, r, ablt abltbr, br, `csgrbzbrsh `csgrbzbrsh,, dhhr, dhhr, hsauambr, hltrh itrbs hxphrchlacbs quh btrbpbl db bthlacñl y hs ckpirtblth rhailiahr quh hs b trbvãs `h hstbs quh vbl ailiachl`i hd kul`i y di aikprhl`bl y sh bpripchl `h hddb. Hs pir hstb rbzñl quh dbs hxprhscilhs brtëstcabs, hd ouhni, db dcthrbturb y db hxpdirbacñl sh ailvchrthl hl batcvc`b`hs rhatirbs `h db prckhrb prck hrb clgblacb, clgblacb, quh piscjcdct piscjcdctbl bl clthrbaa clthrbaacilh cilhs s rhaëpria rhaëpriabs bs hltr hltrh h dbs lcòbs, dis lcòis, lcòis, dis b`udtis b`udtis y dis

 

hltirlis. Db c`hltcgcabacñl y hd `hsbrriddi `h dbs batcvc`b`hs rhatirbs rhsudtbl kuy ckpirtblths aiki rhghrhlths tãalcais pbrb db h`uabacñl clcacbd y sil hshlacbdhs pbrb itirnbr db c`hltc`b` b db prckhrb clgblacb, yb quh kh`cbl kh` cblth th hstbs hstbs sh dinrb dinrb ijshr ijshrvbr vbr db dbs s girkb girkbs s `h rh rhdba dbacil cilbr brsh sh `h dis lc lcòis òis y dbs lcò lcòbs bs66 b`hkâ b`hkâs s hs gul`bkhl gul` bkhltbd tbd pripilhr pripilhr prhnultbs prhnultbs y hsauambr hsauambrdis, dis, ijshrvbrdi ijshrvbrdis s y `hob `hobrdis rdis mbahr y shr. Hstbs Hstbs batc batcvc`b vc`b`hs `hs ailtrcjuyhl y piscjcdctbl dis bprhl`czbohs yb quh hd lcòi hl hsb h`b` sh prhiaupb pir ailiahr, hxpdirbr hd kh`ci quh dhs ri`hb y b`hkâs hstbs batcvc`b`hs rhatirbs batÿbl aiki mcdi ail`uatir pbrb dinrbr db brtcaudbacñl brkñlcab hltrh db prckhrb clgblacb y db h`uabacñl clcacbd. Hs bsë quh hstbs batcvc`b`hs ailtrcjuyhl hlirkhkhlth hlirkhkhlth hl hd `hsbrriddi `hd lcòi y db lcòb pirquh piscjcdctbl hd `câdini ail dis clgblths y quh c`hltcgcquhl quh girkbl pbrth `h db siach`b` y quh `hs`h phquhòis sh `hjhl aukpdcr lirkbs y bauhr`is, hs tbkjcãl hshlacbd rhailiahr quh kh`cblth hd `hsbrriddi `h hstbs batcvc`b`hs sh puh`hl ijshrvbr sus hkiacilhs, shlsbacilhs, phlsbkchltis h clthrprhtbacilhs. Ubrb gclbdczbr puh`i hxprhsbr quh hstbs batcvc`b`hs rhatirbs (ouhni, hxpdirbacñl `hd kh`ci, hxprhscñl brtëstcab, y dcthrbturb) gul`bkhltbl dbs jbshs aurrcaudbrhs, pirquh sil dbs quh nuëbl db hdhaacñl `h dbs hstrbthncbs ph`bnñncabs, byu`bl b db irnblczbacñl y pdblcgcabacñl `h dbs shauhlacbs `c`âatcabs, byu`bl b `cstrcjucr hd tchkpi y dis hspbacis y sijrhti`i añki sh mbahl piscjdhs dbs clthrbaacilhs ail hd kul`i, ail dbs phrsilbs, ail sus pbrhs y ail hddis kcskis.

 

Hstu`cblth Abthnirëb

Irnblczbacñl aurrcaudbr y ph`bnñncab @hsarcpacñl

:. Db h`uaba h`uabacñl cñl clcac clcacbd bd y prhhs prhhsaid aidbr br hst hstâ â ddbkb`b ddbkb`b b prikivhr prikivhr trhs trhs pripñsc pripñsctis tis hsh hshlac lacbdh bdhs s bd `hs `hsbr brri riddi ddi y bprhl`czboh `h dis lcòis y dbs lcòbs, dis aubdhs sh prhshltbl b ailtclubacñl? (Ubrb db prhshltbacñl `h dis pripñsctis ab`b nrupi aidbjirbtcvi `hgclcrâ hd hsquhkb khltbd b utcdczbr. Hltrh hddis? kbpb khltbd, aub`ri sclñptcai, kbpb ailahptubd). @cshòi `h hxphrchlacbs ph`bnñncabs (Ab`b hstu`cblth `hjh bpirtbr hd `cshòi `h su hxphrchlacb ph`bnñncab `h bauhr`i ail hd rhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh shdhaacilb`i y quh `b rhspuhstb bd pripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr hdhnc`i). 1.

 

Likjrh `h hstu`cblth Zhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh Uripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr Clthlacilbdc`b` (Ijohtcvi) Batcvc`b` ph`bnñncab Kikhltis

Clcaci

Ducsb Ghrlbl`b Isirci Zhvhdi Urhnultbr y rhprhshltbr hd kul`i Ailtrcjucr bd `hsbrriddi gëscai, clthdhatubd, bghatcvi y kirbd `hd lcòi b trbvãs `h db hxpdirbacñl, clthrbaacñl y ailiackchlti `hd kul`i. Zhailiahr y ailstrucr su c`hltc`b` b trbvãs `h db rhdbacñl ailscni kcski y hd hltirli y dis `hkâs.  —DB BDHNZCB @HD ABZLBWBD?‛  ABZLBWBD?‛  Batcvc`b` Zhaursis/Kbthrcbdhs Ailtrcjuyhl`i b db c`hltc`b` y b db audturb Pv Lb Lbrc rcòh òhls lsh h sh `brâ `brâ pbsi pbsi b aili ailiah ahrr hd Wc`his `hd abrlbvbd `h Jdblais y abrlbvbd `h jdblais y lhnris. Lhnris mttps?//cdbk`cr.irn/rhaursi/=8==/abrlbvbd`h-lhnris-y-jdblais 

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Uisthrcirkhlth sh rhbdczbrâ ulb puhstb Hl aikÿl `il`h ab`b uli siacbdczbrâ di quh ijshrvñ hl hd abrlbvbd.

@hsbrriddi

Qh rhbdc rhbdczbr zbrâ â ulb sbd sbdc`b c`b hl ai ailth lthxti xti bd kushi `hd abr kushi abrlbv lbvbd, bd, baikpb baikpbòb` òb`is is `hd `iahlth y bdnulis pb`rhs `h gbkcdcb pbrb ailiahr dis priahsis quh sh utcdczbl pbrb db hd hdbj bjir irba bacñl cñl `h hstb hstbs s kb kboh ohst stui uisb sbs s

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Buti jus Ubphdhs Aidirhs Uclturbs Dâpcahs

 

abrrizbs. dis lcòis `hjhrâl aukpdcr ail dbs rhndbs `h Ouhni sijrh kblthlhr ul juhl ai aikp kpir irtb tbkc kchl hlti ti hl dis dis du dunb nbrh rhs s qu quh h vcsctbkis. Uisthrcirkhlt Uisthrcirkhlth h sh rhbdczbr rhbdczbrâ â ul trbj trbjbo boi i hl nr nrup upi, i, hl hd aubd aubd `hjh `hjhrâ râl l rhbdczbr ul abrthd hxpilchl`i sil dbs lirkbs `h ailvcvhlacb quhaubdhs sh `hjhl Urbatcabr hl dis ouhni `hd abrlbvbd.

Achrrh

Ubrb gclbdc Ubrb gclbdczbr zbr ail hst hstb b hxp hxphrc hrchla hlacb, cb, sh ddhv ddhvbr brâ â b ab abji ji ul `ëb `ëb hs hsph phac acbd bd hl hd prhhsaidb prhh saidbrr `il`h dis lcòis ahdhjrb ahdhjrbrâl râl hd abrlbvbd. Ail bltcacpbac bltcacpbacñl ñl hdbjirbrâl hdbjirbrâl ul hdhk hdhkhlti hlti abrlbvbdhsai Bl`cli, ail db aidbjirbacñl `hd prighsir `h brths, bpdcabl`i db tãalcab `h aidb`i y pclturb, db aubd usbrâl Ubrb dis `hsgcdhs. Ail db aidbjirbacñl `hd prighsir `h kÿscab bprh bprhl` l`hr hrâl âl ulb ulb abla ablacñ cñl l bd bdus uscv cvb b b di dis s abrlbvbdhs. S tbkjcãl sh prhpbrbrâ b dis lcòis pbrb rhbdczbr hltrhvcstbs b bdnulis hstu`cblths quh

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Uhrcñ`cai Uclturb Nrbjb`irb Kcarñgili

 

Ubrt Ubrtca cacp cpbr bril il hl hd abrl abrlbv bvbd bdct cti, i, y b di dis s prighsirhs quh byu`bril hl hd priahsi `h hdbjirbacñl `h db abrrizb `hd aidhnci.

Likjrh `h hstu`cblth Zhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh Uripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr Clthlacilbdc`b` (Ijohtcvi) Batcvc`b` ph`bnñncab Kikhltis Clcaci

@hsbrriddi

Batcvc`b`

Zhaursis/Kbthrcbdhs

 

Achrrh

Likjrh `h hstu`cblth Zhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh Uripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr Clthlacilbdc`b` (Ijohtcvi) Batcvc`b` ph`bnñncab Kikhltis Clcaci

@hsbrriddi

Batcvc`b`

Zhaursis/Kbthrcbdhs

 

Achrrh

Likjrh `h hstu`cblth

Hc`y Qcdvblb Kuòiz Jidbòis

Zhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh Uripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr Clthlacilbdc`b` (Ijohtcvi) Batcvc`b` ph`bnñncab

Arhbr y aikpbrtcr ail itris Kitc Kitcvb vbrr bd lc lcòi òi y lc lcòb òb b cl clth thrb rbat atub ubrr ail ail hd kul` kul`i i qu quh h dh ri ri`h `hb b b trbv trbvãs ãs `h db aikulcabacñl y dinrbr quh hxprhshl sus c`hbs, c `hbs, shltckchltis y hkiacilhs. Arhbr lcòis y lcòbs aikulcabtcvis b trbvãs `h db dhaturb y hd aikpbrtcr ail hd itri. Db gchstb `h db dhaturb

K ikhltis Clcaci

Batcvc`b` 

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Qh `brâ db jchlvhlc`b b dis lcòis ail ulb silrcsb h cl clvc vctâ tâl` l`id idis is b pilh pilhrs rsh h añki añki`i `is s hl db dbs s aidamilhtbs quh mby hl hd pcsi. Hd `iahlth bpbrhah ail ulb abob `h sirprhsbs, `hltri `h hddb hstâl dis phrsilbohs `hd auhlti, ab`b ab`b lc lcòi òi crâ sba sbabl bl`i `i dis phr phrsi silb lboh ohs s y dis phnbrâ hl hd tbjdhri.

Zhaursis/Kbthrcbdhs -

Aidamilhtbs Abo Abob ` `h h sir sirpr prhs hsbs bs Ckân Ckânhl hlhs hs ck ckpr prhs hsbs bs

 

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Bd thrkclbr `h phnbr dbs ckânhlhs, db `iahlth prhnultbrâ hd likjrh `h ab`b ijohti u blckbd6 dhs auhltb quh ail dbs ckânhlhs clcacbrâ b lbrrbr ul mhrkis mhrkisi i auh auhlti lti y hdd hddis is hstbrâ hstbrâl l bth bthlti ltis s b diabdczbr ab`b phrsilboh. Clcacb ulb ail db dhaturb `hd auhlti —Amiai hlauhltrb kbkâ‛ mttps?//hs.sdc`hsmbrh.lht/Oh llcghrZisscIybrah/am h/am mttps?//hs.sdc`hsmbrh.lht/OhllcghrZisscIybra iai-hlauhltrb-ulb-kbkb-11253173 b kh`c`b quh sh vb lbrrbl`i hd auhlti dis lcòis vbl c`hltcgcabl`i hd phrsilboh y di shòbdbl, db `iahlth dis vb ujcabl`i b ul db`i y hl ir`hl.

 

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@hsbrriddi 

Bd th thrk rkcl clbr br `h dh dhhr hr hd auhl auhlti ti sh rh rhbd bdcz czbr brbl bl prhnultbs clthlacilb`bs. -

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¹th ¹th nus nustñ tñ hd au auhl hlti ti9 9 ¹th `cv `cvh hrtcs rtcsth th9 9 ¹Ruã ¹Ruã blc blckbd kbdhs hs mby hl hd auhlt auhlti9 i9 ¹Ruã ¹Ruã gguh uh ddi i quh kâ kâs s th n nust ustñ ñ `h `hdd au auhlt hlti9 i9 ¹Arhhs quh dis blckbdhs guhril aikpbrtc`brcis9

@hspuãs sh hltrhnbrâ rikphabjhzbs b dis lcòis y lcòbs y brkbrbl phrsilbohs `hd auhlti.

Zikphabjhzbs

 

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Achrrh

 

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Uisthrcirkhlth ab`b lcòi y lcòb ckctbrb b ul phrsilboh `hd auhlti (blckbdhs) hd quh kâs dhs ddbkh db bthlacñl. Ubrb gclbdczbr sh hltrhnbrâ ulb gitiaipcb ail dis phrsilbohs `hd auhlti y hd lcòi y lcòb `hairbrâ b

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Gitiaipcbs Aidirhs

su nusti db aipcb hltrhnb`b.

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Udbstcdclb Hsabramb Uhnblth Ubdh Ubdhtb tbs s `h abrc abrctb tbs s

@hspuãs sh hltrhnbrâ pdbstcdclb b ab`b lcòi y ulb tbjdb `il`h pdbskbrbl di quh kâs dhs ddbki db bthlacñl, rhbdczbr ul phrsilboh `h ab`b auhlti (piddcti, isi, aiai`rcdi)ul pbcsboh, hltrh itris. Ubrb hvb Ubrb hvbdub dubrr db bat batcvc cvc`b` `b` sh hlt hltrh rhnb nb : pbd pbdhtb htbs s (abrb ghdcz y abrb trcsth) b ab`b lcòi y sh dhs rhbdczb phquhòbs prhnultbs y dhvbltbrbl db pbdhtb quh hddis arhbl ailvhlchlth

¹Dhs nusti db batcvc`b`9 ¹Ruchrhl quh dhs dhbl kâs auhltis9 ¹Aikpbrtcsth ul kikhlti ghdcz ail tus bkcnuctis9 ¹Ailshnucsth luhvis bkcnis9

 

Likjrh `h hstu`cblth Zhghrhlth `h `hsbrriddi y bprhl`czboh Uripñscti `h db h`uabacñl clcacbd y prhhsaidbr Clthlacilbdc`b` (Ijohtcvi) Batcvc`b` ph`bnñncab Kikhltis Clcaci

@hsbrriddi

Achrrh

Batcvc`b`

Zhaursis/Kbthrcbdhs

 

Zhghrhlacbs