Para Jumbles for Cat

Parajumbles 1 A .The inner self provides us with a touchstone to evaluate our interface in nature. B. There is hierarchy of consciousness C. Stones, Planets, fish and human beings represent consecutively higher levels of consciousness. D. Interface with nature, which leads to the growth of higher consciousness, is desirable. a) DABC b) BCAD c) DBCA d) ABCD 2 A. Senior Management is usually overwhelmed by the complexity of budget setting. B. They are rather bored by the budget process C. It is a misconception that the budget is set by the senior management D. Senior managers jump at a chance to accept a budget analysis recommendation for budget changes A) CDAB B) CABD C)ABDC D) ABCD 3 A. Risk stemming from fluctuation in exchange rate loans hover constantly on the horizon of foreign investment B. In view of higher risk, a firm contemplating foreign investment would naturally expect a higher rate of return C. A multinational company may be accused of profiteering, even when it may simply be following the sound financial practice of asking a high rate of return commensurate with risks charactering the project D. In addition, foreign investment is subject to discriminatory treatment and selection control in various forms A) ADBC B) CDBA C) ACBD D) BACD 4 1. Jinnah initially tried to win British support for a seat in the House of Commons but failed. A. He finally accepted fervent appeals from Muslim friends to return home and help them to revitalize the demoralized leaderless Muslim league. B. He was reelected to the expanded national assembly, which met for the first time in Delhi in January 1924. C. The khilafat movement launched by Gandhi in 1920 had by then collapsed and so had the final phase of Satyagraha in Gujarat. D. Most congress leaders remained in prison cells, while Jinnah reorganized his Muslim league as its president, and won the respect of ram say MacDonald 6. Jinnah advised MacDonald as soon as he became prime minister to draft a constitution for what Jinnah still hoped would emerge as a single nation-state of independent India, with safeguards and separate electorates for its Muslims and other minorities a) ADCB b)BCDA c)DBAC d)ABCD 5 1. vertical solutions are customized to the needs of a particular customer A. cross industry solutions can be customized to the industry, and then to the customer that they are installed 1

with B. it can be said that this set of procedures and the data structures that are maintained by them became the back bone of the business C. once either of these is in place, they literally define the way the business will be operated D.data relationship must be maintained 6.processes for updating the data need to be rigorously adhered to. a)ABCD b)DBAC c)ACDB d)BDAC Q6: 1. The free market often seems better at recognizing and promoting leaders than large organizations. A. most of the job growth in the US this decade has come from small companies, according to cognetics, a research organization. B. Bill gates and Howard Schlitz stand out as heroes at a time when blue chips seem to be losing ground to entrepreneurial companies. C. executives of some large corporations, trying to recapture some of that dynamism, know that their staffs must become more entrepreneurial so that future leader can be spotted early and supported D. a theory called emergent leadership, which introduces some of the dynamics of the free market system to corporate management, may help 6.it tries to eliminate the office politics and an uneven power distribution that can distort corporate operation. a)CDAB b)ABCD c)DBAC d)BACD 7 A. A good budget is one which makes a sincere attempt to change the policy environment. B. Government finances are terminally impaired with uncontrollable fiscal deficits C. There are big gaps in perception and capability of managers D. Industry too is not ready to deliver growth, should even the government pursue the right policies. E. The current reforms pace is too slow. F. The fiscal deficit has deteriorated A)ABCDEF B)BADCEF C)FEDCBA D)EABCDF

8 A. Reporting is all about back breaking work, long and very irregular hours and work pressure. B. Most reporters join the profession with a dream of changing the world. C. The truth is that reporters are usually passionate about their work and get their kicks from D. almost nonstop excitement and, of course, seeing their names in print. D. A few years later may seem to resign to the fact to the fact that reporting is unlikely to do that. E. Adding to that fact threat journalist the world over complains of being poorly paid in comparison to other professional F. and you wonder, why? A) ACBDEF B) ABDEFC C) BDAEFC D) BADCEF 9 2

1. The world population Day has come and gone, accompanied by the usual hysteria and Malthusian prophesies: A billion strong and so little to go around. A. True, many Indians are barred by circumstances of birth and socio- economic position from realizing their full potential. B. Yet, the lament about the lack of resources is patently specious. C. Fact is, India has abundant resources: it is the skewed distribution system which has caused inequalities. D. As our population has grown, so has our productivity and, today, we are in a position to export food to other countries. 6. But for every Indian who performs below par, there is another who makes up, it is on the strength of India's millions that we lay claim to being a great world power in the making. (1) DBAC (2) CBAD (3) BDCA (4) ACBD 10 1. Oil spills that contaminate the soil around petrol stations could soon be cleaned up more easily using sound waves. A. Researchers have been trying out sound waves to break up the droplets containing these heavier fractions so they can be washed out. B. The longer, heavier hydrocarbons often stay trapped in large droplets between the grains of the soil C. Techniques that clean the soil in situ tend to remove only the shorter hydrocarbon chains which are more soluble in ground water D. At the moment, the dirty soil must be dug up and replaced. 6. Initial results show that this may provide an effective solution to the problem •

DCBA 2.BACD 3. DCAB 4.BADC

Q11: 11 •

i knew we were right, Neil Simon thought to himself as the steward brought him a glass of Cardhu single malt. A. Simon, the Director in charge of international franchise operations at Smith & Robin, a $8-billion marquee garment retailer, had arrived in India exactly seven days back with mixed feelings. B. The whiskey felt good after a week when he was allowed to drink nothing but champagne by his hosts in India. C. Simon signaled to the steward that he’d like a refill – he planned to take his time over the second one – and thought about the week that had been. D. Ah, but then they had had a reason to celebrate. E. He’d been at S & R less than eight months – he had been hired when the company decided to abandon its twenty-year-old strategy of expanding geographically through owned outlets as against franchised ones – but he knew the India trip was one of those things that could make or break his career. 1] ABCDE 2] CDAEB 3] ECBDA 4] BDCAE

12 3

•

What’s a jarwal? B. The jarwal stared at her malevolently; saliva dripping from its gaping jaws, making its fearsome teeth glistens in the harsh winter sunlight. C. I don’t know. D. A bit like in Alien, only more like the maggot. E. Something fierce and nasty. F. A huge maggot-like beastie with a ferocious temper and huge teeth. 1] ACEBDF 2] AECBDE 2] BACEDF 4] BACEFD

13 •

They soon learnt the sad inadequacy of bow and arrow and examples of successful resistance are rare. B. They were too close to the main communications between North and South C. Over the centuries the fringes of tribal territory have steadily receded. D. On their western extremities in Maharashtra and Rajasthan the Bhil people still occasionally waylay travelers though they are now largely settled and Hinduised. E. The sensitive, good-natured and gentle tribals were no match for the crusading incursions of Rajputs, Muslims and Marathas. 1) DCAEB 2) CEADB 3) CAEDB 4) CBDEA

14 A) And this because it doesn’t want to be dubbed a spoilsport in the region. (B) If you stop griming and bearing it, you would be declared a loser,” says a source, throwing up his hands in absolute exasperation. (C) There are many takers for this line of argument. (D) But, ironically, say many government sources, the very political class that lambastes Pakistan for sponsoring terrorism is shying away from matching its rhetoric with act. (E) It is like being in a popularity contest. (1) DCAEB (2) ADAEB (3) CBADE (4) EBCDA 15 A) Malignancies were diagnosed in three family members on the basis of this abnormality and then surgically removed. B) It appears to be the first instance in which this specific abnormality - in this case an exchange of material between the chromosomes number three and eight in all cells of the person's body - has been traced from generation to generation and thus permitted identification of cancer patients before they had any symptoms. C) An inherited genetic abnormality has been linked to a specific type of kidney cancer in a family in which ten members were affected over three generations. D) The discovery by scientists at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, USA, provides a potentially important clue to the origin of at least some cancers. 1) DCAB 2) CBDA 3) ABCD 4) DABC 16 4

1. The human society is plagued with environmental crisis. A. over population, depleting ozone layer, global warming, deforestation, soil erosion, depletion of nonrenewable energy sources etc. are the issues haunting our minds. B. The plunder of environment since times immemorial is fast reaching a point of no return. C. it is an irony that human being as soon as he appeared on the earth, took everything including the nature for granted. D. The list of ecological mishaps is growing longer each day. 6. The prestigious world watch institute had forewarned in 1992 that, we have only four decades to gain control over the major environmental problems to arrest the irreversible changes. (1)ABCD (2) DACB (3) CBAD (4) BADC 17 A curved titanium plate with five tiny screws would hold the bone in place and help reform the damaged margin of the eye. B. Deftly, he replaced the wedge of bone in Tenneh's face. C. Intravenous antibiotics would take care of any lingering infection. D. When he'd eliminated most of the diseased tissue, he stopped. 1) ABCD 2) DCAB 3) DCBA 4) ACBD 18 1. He came finally to a road from which he could see in the distance dark and agitated bodies of troops, smoke-fringed. A. The wounded men were cursing, groaning, and wailing in the air, always was a mighty swell of sound that it seemed could sway the earth. B. With the courageous words of the artillery and the spiteful sentences of the musketry mingled red cheers. C. And from this region of noises came the steady current of the maimed; one of the wounded men had a shoeful of blood. D. There was a blood-stained crowd streaming to the rear. 6. He hopped like a schoolboy in a game; he was laughing hysterically. 1] ADBC 2]CBDA 3] DABC 4] ABCD 19 A It is not with pessimism that one confronts man with the truth of this suffering B. Buddhism is however a reminder that even when all the suffering that is rooted in social maladjustment has been done away with, man will still be confronted with the problem of his destiny, of decay and death, and of the evanescence of everything that he tries to change desperately C. The smile on the Buddha's face indeed carries the promise that if man strives hard enough, he can even conquer this suffering D. There is much suffering in the world which is socially conditioned and which demands social cures 1) BACD 2) DBAC 3) CDBA 3) ABCD 20 A. A.This fact was established in the 1730s by French survey expenditions to Equador near the Equator and Lapland in the Arctic, which found that around the middle of the earth the arc was about a kilometer shorter. B. One of the unsettled scientific questions in the late 18th century was that exact nature of the shape of the earth. 5

C. The length of one-degree arc would be less near the equatorial latitudes than at the poles. D. One way of doing that is to determine the length of the arc along a chosen longitude or Meridian at one degree latitude separation. E. While it was generally known that the earth was not a sphere but an 'oblate spheroid', more curved at the equator and flatter at the poles, the question of 'how much more' was yet to be established. a. BECAD b. BEDCA c. EDACB d. EBDCA 21 A. As officials, their vision of a country shouldn't run too far beyond that of the local people with whom they have to deal. B. Ambassadors have to choose their words. C. To say what they feel they have to say, they appear to be denying or ignoring part of what they know. D. So, with ambassadors as with other expatriates in black Africa, there appears at a first Meeting a kind of ambivalence. E. They do a specialized job and it is necessary for them to live ceremonial lives. a.BCEDA b.BEDAC c.BEADC d.BCDEA 22 A. most people, walking for pleasure, contemplate for three minutes; when B. a couple will stand there talking for half an hour on a fine afternoon C. some one is always looking into the river near Waterloo Bridge D. having compared the occasion with other occasions, or made some sentence, they pass on 1)ABDC 2)CADB 3)BCAD 4)CBAD 23 1. 1.The advice from the others on Mr. Stern’s team is just as diverse A. Mr. Stern does not say B. Not all the money managers he wanted to see wanted to see him. C How many of the nine have beaten S & P 500 over, say, the past 20 years and by how much exactly? D. But which of them is the most successful? 6. And he rewards those who granted him an interview with uncritical acclaim 1)CBAD 2)DCAB 3)CDAB 3)DBCA 24 1. After eight miserable years during which she had written nothing that satisfied her, she soon established the pattern of her day. A. Here she revised her early novels and wrote the later ones. B. Emma, Mansfield Park and Persuasion C. By now she knew the reality of being a poor relation, of the little snubs and disappointments that went with life as a spinster. D. Rising early to practice the piano and prepare breakfast, she then settled down to write in the groundfloor parlour. 6. Yet she did not lose her sense of comedy while continuing to satirize the social inequalities she observed. 1)DACB 2)DCBA 3)BDAC 4)DABC 6

25 A. So if determination were true, we would be trapped by the past and free will would be an illusion. B. Wouldn't our choices just be one more outcome determined by the past? C. Many philosophers hold that determinism is at odds with free will. D. According to determinism, we can't just decide to disobey the immutable laws that govern the universe. E. After all, if everything that happens is completely determined by the past, how can our choices be free? 1. CBDAE 2. CEBDA 3. DEBCA 4. ACEBD 26 A. Therefore, the second one aims at undercutting the strength factors in the first. B. Or it might stem simply from the overconfidence of being a leader. C. White offensive principle one emphasizes on the strength of the leader's position, which makes it a leader. D. Offensive principle two is about finding the weakness in the strength of the leader. E .The weakness of the leader may lie in a point which is overlooked as unimportant. 1) CADBE 2) CDBEA 3) CADEB 4) CDAEB 27 1. Buybacks are a more tax-efficient form of cash distribution to the firm than dividends A. However, there are some concerns that need to be addressed in the currently uncertain economic climate in India B. Furthermore, they create value through changes in capital structure. C. And will the tax shield be fully utilized? D. Taxable income in India can be highly cyclical if the economy continues to nose-dive 6. In the absence of clear answers, a case for increased valuation due to changes in capital structure on account of buybacks remains tenuous. a. ABDC b. BADC c.DBAC d.BCDA

28 1. Some business executives have adapted a 'wait and see' attitude. A. Like a driver changing a tyre in the middle o f the highway they hope an oncoming vehicle will not hit them before their work is done. B. Discussions with several executives in both situations show that they recognize the danger is not applying them to understanding the shape of future. C. Others are too busy bailing themselves out of troubles already caused by the changes that have taken place around them to have any time to reflect on the future. D. Like deer caught in the headlights of an oncoming truck, they risk being turn over. 6. Traditional ways of forecasting and strategic planning are not effective any longer. a. DCAB b.ADCB c.DABC d.ACDB 29 . 1. People today are indifferent to the aesthetic products of the past. A. And it has no value for the human species at large. 7

B That is the position of both the industrial magnate, trade unionist or communist. C. They are suspicious of them; decline to receive them, until thay have been disinfected in Russia. D. In England, still the abode of private enterprises, indifference predominates. 6. As a rule I am afraid to bore them with it lest I lose their acquaintance. 1. ABDC 2. DABC 3. BCDA 4. CADB 30 A. This will ensure that MBA graduates will be more socially committed. B. Aspirants have to humane, sensitive and caring. C. Now it takes more than business sense to secure admission to Harvard Business School. D. The idea is to reshape the MBA experience from admission to job finding. 1. CDAB 2. CBDA 3. ACBD 4. BACD 31 . A. This is obvious with respect to the bulk of the relevant problems and disappointingly small predictive and controlling power of the available theories. B. Some of the accident shortcomings of the scientific method are of particular importance at present. C There is little doubt that in contrast to the relatively mature state of physics, chemistry and astronomy, the scientific method has yielded, so far comparatively poor results in the social sciences and humanities. D The lag in the sciences is apparent from the largely controversial state of expert opinion. 1. CABD 2. BCDA 3. ABCD 4. DABC 32 A. Moreover, as software is often built on the achievements of others, writing code could become a legal hurdle race. B. Critics claim that such intellectual monopolies hinder innovation, because software giants can use them to attack fledgling competitors. C. By analogy, if Haydn had patented the symphony form, Mozart would have been in trouble. D. The of patents for software and business methods has been causing a stir in America ever since the Patents and Trademark Office started issuing patents on internet methods in 1998, most famously that for one-click shopping. E. Proponents argue that these patents provide the necessary incentive to innovate at a time when more inventions are computer related. (1) DBCAE (2) DEBAC (3) DECBA (4) DBEAC 33 A. Now she has started a hunger strike, according to the American government, which slapped strict sanctions on Myanmar, in protest at such repression. B. For military-ruled Myanmar, it is either the best of times or the worst of times, depending on whom you believe. 8

C. They even have a ‘map’ to take the country there, but they have not yet made clear whether they will allow Miss Suu Kyi along for the ride, nor how long the trip will take. D. The generals, however, say that Miss Suu Kyi is fine, and that Myanmar will soon be on the road to democracy. E. The State Peace and Development Council (SPDC), as the country’s junta styles itself, has detained Aung San Suu Kyi, the country’s most prominent dissident and a winner of the Nobel peace prize, at a secret location for over three months. (1) EDACB (2) BEDCA (3) EBACD (4) BEADC 34 A. America spends more on defence than the next dozen countries combined. B. The country is exceptional in more profound ways – it is more strongly individualistic than Europe, more patriotic, more religious and culturally more conservative. C. Military might is only a symptom of what makes America itself unusual. D. The best indication of American exceptionalism is military power. E. The National Security Strategy of 2002 says America must ensure that its current military dominance – often described as thegreatest since Rome’s – is not even challenged, let alone surpassed. (1) DAECB (2) ACBED (3) EADCB (4) CAEDB 35 A.When bids for an item are based on estimates of the item’s value, the winner is the bidder who overestimates this value the most. B. Intuitively, most people bid more aggressively when faced with more bidders, but more aggressive bidding increases the chances that a bidder will fall victim to the winner’s curse C. The mathematical explanation for the winner’s curse, first observed in bidding for oil fields, reveals the subtle intricacies of this apparently simple game. D. The classroom experiment demonstrating the winner’s curse illustrates the complex relationship between game theory, human intuition, and optimal decision making. E. As more bidders enter the auction, the range of estimates increases…which in turn increases the likelihood that the highest bid will exceed the true value. 1. BDCAE 2.CBDEA 3.DCAEB 4.CDABE

ANS: 1.d 2.b

3.a

4.d

5.c

6-d

7-C

8-C

9-3

10-1

11-4

12-4 13-4

1

16 2

17 3

18 3

19 2

20 2

21 3

22 4

23 2

24 4

25 2

26 4

27 b

28 a

29 2

30 4

31 2

32 2

33 4

34 1

36 A)The concept is termed 'intellectual' beca 9

35 3

14-4

15-

use it applies to products of the mind and 'property' because the products belong to the person whose mental efforts created them B)What exactly is intellectual property? C)Control over access to certain types of knowledge /information is referred to as intellectual property D)Knowledge is free but its flow is restricted E)The 20th century could be summed up as the age of information revlution 1)ABCDE 2)BCDEA 3)DCBAE4)EDCBA 37 A)while HLL scours high and low just to turn a positive topline ,Amway schorches ever upward-in another five years,Amway could even be the country's second largest FMCG player,reckons Amway's former country chief Sudershan banerjee B)yet,business is about growth,and the contrast in pace is dizzing C)not that one is eating the other's lunch;their markets do not overlap much,and India offers enormous potential D)but William Pickney,the MD and CEO,Amway India gets to sleep a lot easier than Lever chief MS Banga. E)in absolute terms,thats not even as large as the ad budget of hindustan lever ltd(HLL). 1)EDCBA 2)AEDBC 3)EADBC 4)ABEDC 38 1. Fine, Hyderabad has an efficient administration and is the capital of a state that has a laptop toting power point friendly Chief Minister, but for a long time, barring an odd Microsoft or two, that was all it had. (A) Oracle, for instance, is acquiring 7.5 acres of land to build its largest campus outside the US–an official at the state IT department says the 8,00,000 sq ft centre will dwarf the company’s 2,50,000 sq ft one in Bangalore. (B) Now, circa 2003, the city may finally be able to live up to the hype that was built around it. (C) Now, there’s talk of Boeing and Bombardier exploring options of touching down in erstwhile Hyderabad; Oracle and Dell are hitting the city soon; and Hyderabad has emerged a favorite destination of IT-enabled services companies. (D) In January this year, Infosys opened a 30-acre facility, (3,11,000 square ft of built up space in the city. 6. And Dell’s ITes operations will soon start in Hyderabad’s HiTec city. “There are some other big names,” says Col M. Vijay Kumar, the Hyderabad Director of the Software Technology Parks of India, displaying a reticence that is uncharacteristic of the city. (1) BDAC (2) BCDA (3) DCBA (4) CBDA 39 (A) But over the years, as clients turned the screws on their advertising budgets, expecting an everincreasing bang from their ad buck, the person who is helping put the most effective advertising together is the researcher. (B) And when screw-ups happen, it’s usually because the consumer has not been researched adequately. (C) For instance, at her employer WPP Media World Wide, where Byfield heads consumer insight, there’s more than $16 billion (Rs.76,464 crore) of advertising spend at stake each year. (D) Says, Byfield : “We have enough of data, but sometimes we may be lacking in, insights.” (E) When Sheila Byfield began researching media 12 years ago, it was a job that got the smallest and the remotest cabin in the offices of major advertising agencies. 10

(1) EACBD (2) DEACB (3) ECABD (4) DAECB 40 AThey are particularly furious because they believe the sanctions–which they blame on another US-led war– have ruined their lives, and their future. (B) “They stopped us from thinking and dreaming like others do.” (C) “The sanctions were economic, intellectual, scientific, and even in sport,” said one young man who attended the rally. (D) Ever since the 12th anniversary of the 1991 war against Iraq on January 17, 2003, groups of Iraqis had expressed their anger in government-sanctioned protests–denouncing the UN inspectors or the US for planning war against them. (E) On the night of the anniversary, it was students and youth. (1) DEACB (2) DAECB (3) EDACB (4) EADCB 36 4 37 1 38 1 39 1 40 1 41 A“You are the crucial component in the transformation of the US-India relationship,” said ambassador Blackwill. (B) Mani summed it up: “If we can sustain the cohesion reflected here and successfully act on our collective vision as alumni of a world class institution we will become a ‘tour de force’ in enhancing India’s wellbeing and engagement with the US and the rest of the world.” (C) The US-India trade relationship, which he describes as “flat as a chapati,” needs a leavening agent. (D) What better than the IITs and their alumni ? (E) Now that the IIT alumni have defined their charter it is up to them to step up to the plate and deliver on the promise. (1) EBACD (2) DEBAC (3) BDEAC (4) BEACD 42 1.But to achieve 8 per cent economic growth, India needs to power-lift its exports from $46 billion now to about $100 billion. (A) L.Mansingh, feels that the industrial cluster towns with exports potential like Tiruppur (hosiery) Panipat (woollen blankets) and Ludhiana (woollen knitwear), which have efficient assembly-line production facilities, only need to be promoted and their infrastructure upgraded to transform them into export zones. (B) Even then, we’d do less than what China does now. (C) But Mansingh, director-general for foreign trade is optimistic, even as he acknowledges that the new SEZ scheme may not have a significant impact on trade or economy or offset the high transaction cost problem that plagues our exports. (D) Ajanta Clocks, for instance, saw drastic cut in production cycle from one month in India to two days when it went to China. 6. It’s hard uphill road ahead if India wants to increase its share in world trade from the present 0.65 per cent. (1) DCBA (2) DABC (3) ADCB (4) ADBC 11

43 (A) Similarly, turning to caste, even though being lower caste is undoubtedly a separate cause of disparity,its impact is all the greater when the lower-caste families also happen to be poor. (B) Belonging to a privileged class can help a woman to overcome many barriers that obstruct women from less thriving classes. (C) It is the interactive presence of these two kinds of deprivation - being low class and being female.that massively impoverishes women from the less privileged classes. (D) A congruence of class deprivation and gender discrimination can blight the lives of poorer women very severely. . (E) Gender is certainly a contributor to societal inequality, but it does not act independently of class. 1. EABDC 2. EBDCA 3. DAEBC 4. BECDA 44 (A) This is now orthodoxy to which I subscribe - up to a point. (B) It emerged from the mathematics of chance and statistics. (C) Therefore the risk is measurable and manageable. (D) The fundamental concept: Prices are not predictable, but the mathematical laws of chance can describe their fluctuations. (E) This is how what business schools now call modem finance was born. 1. ADCBE 2. EBDCA 3. ABDCE 4. DCBEA 45 A. Passivity is not, of course, universal. B. In areas where there are no lords or laws, or in frontier zones where all men go armed, the attitude of the peasantry may well be different. C. So indeed it may be on the fringe of the unsubmissive. D. However, for most of the soil-bound peasants the problem is not whether to be normally passive or active, but when to pass from one state to another. ( a) BDAC (b) CDAB( c) DBAC ( d) ABCD 41 4 42 4 43 2 44 4 45 a 46 A. Although there are large regional variations, it is not infrequent to find a large number of people sitting here together and doing nothing. B. Once in office, they receive friends and relatives who feel free to call any time without prior appointment. C. While working, one is struck by the slow and clumsy actions and reactions, indifferent attitudes. Procedure rather than outcome orientation, and the lack of consideration for others. D. Even those who are employed often come late to the office and leave early unless they are forced to be punctual. 12

E. Work is not intrinsically valued in India. F. Quite often people visit ailing friends and relatives or go out of their way to help them in their personal matters even during office hours . ( a) ECADBF ( b) EADCFB ( c) EADBFC ( d) ABFCBE 47 A. The situations in which violence occurs and the nature of that violence tends to be clearly defined at least in theory, as in the proverbial Irisman’s question: ‘Is this a private fight or can anyone join in?’ B. So the actual risk to outsiders, though no doubt higher than our societies, is calculable. C. Probably the only uncontrolled applications of force are those of social superiors to social inferiors and even here there are probably some rules. D. However, binding the obligation to kill, members or feuding families engaged in mutual massacre will be genuinely appalled if by some mischance a bystander or outsider is killed. ( a) DABC ( b) ACDB ( c) CBAD ( d) DBAC 48 1. Buddhism is a way to salvation. A. But Buddhism is more severely analytical. B. In the Christian tradition there is also a concern for the fate of human society conceived as a whole, rather than merely as a sum or network of individuals. C. Salvation is a property, or achievement of individuals. D. Not only does it dissolve society into individuals, the individual in turn is dissolved into component parts and instants, a steam of events. 6. In modern terminology, Buddhist doctrine is reductionist. [1] ABCD [2] CBAD [3] BDAC[4] ABCD 49 1. The problem of improving Indian agriculture is both a sociological and an administrative one. A. It also appears that there is a direct relationship between the size of a state and development. B. The issues of Indian development, and the problems of India's agricultural sector, will remain with us long into the next century. C. Without improving Indian agriculture, no liberalisation and delicensing will be able to help India. D. At the end of the day, there has to be a ferment and movement of life and action in the vast segment of rural India. 6. When it starts marching, India will fly. [1] DABC [2] CDBA [3] ACDB [4] ABCD 50 1. Good literary magazines have always been good because of their editors. A. Furthermore, to edit by committee, as it were, would prevent any magazine from finding its own identity. B. The more quirky and idiosyncratic they have been, the better the magazine is, at least as a general rule. C. But the number of editors one can have for a magazine should also be determined by the number of contributions to it. 13

D. To have four editors for an issue that contains only seven contributions is a bit silly to start with. 6. However, in spite of this anomaly, the magazine does acquire merit in its attempt to give a comprehensive view of the Indian literary scene as it is today. [1] ABCD [2] BCDA [3] ABDC [4] CBAD 46 a 47 b 48 2 49 4 50 2 51 1. It's the success story of the Indian expatriate in the US which today hogs much of the media coverage in India. A. East and West, the twain have met quite comfortably in their person, thank you. B. Especially in its more recent romancing-the-NRI phase. C. Seldom does the price of getting there - more like not getting there - or what's going on behind those sunny smiles get so much media hype. D. Well groomed, with their perfect Colgate smiles, and hair in place, they appear the picture of confidence which comes from having arrived. 6. The festival of feature films and documentaries made by Americans of Indian descent being screened this fortnight goes a long way in filling those gaps. [1] ACBD [2] DABC [3] BDAC [4] ABCD 52 1. The wind had savage allies. A. If it had not been for my closely fitted helmet, the explosions might have shattered my eardrums. B. The first clap of thunder came as a deafening explosion that literally shook my teeth. C. I didn't hear the thunder; I actually felt it -- an almost unbearable physical experience. D. I saw lightning all around me in every shape imaginable. 6. When very close, it began raining so torrentially that I thought I would drown in mid-air. [1] BCAD [2] CADB [3] CBDA [4] ACDB 53 A)Investment banking income -- primarily fees from putting together initial public offerings and other deals -- is very volatile. B)Like many financial-services companies, Merrill has long wrestled with the cyclical nature of revenues. C)One reason, says Wharton finance professor Jeremy Siegal , "is the fact that the large brokerage firms have not done well. Anyone who objectively looks at them sees that very few have done well. The fees are high and the performance is extremely mediocre." D)Trading on the firm's own account creates gains in some years, losses in others. Commission revenue depends on investors' eagerness to trade, which varies as the market goes up or down. E)The specialists, such as free-standing mutual fund companies like Fidelity and Vanguard, have done far better at attracting fund investors than the multi-function firms like Merrill, which has actually suffered net 14

reductions in fund assets since the late 1990s. A)ABDCE B)EBDCA C)BADEC D)ECBDA 54 A.The decision comes two days after Karnataka agreed to release 1200 cusecs of cavery water daily to the mettur reservoir in TN till the end of february. B.The Karnataka government has decided to release 4500 cusecs of Cavery water daily to TN for a week. C."We have decided to release 4500 cusecs for a week.What purpose would it have served if we release the water later.We want to save the standing crops."State Law and Parliamentary affairs minister D B Chandre Gowda said. D. On Monday,Karnataka Chief Minister S M Krishna had agreed to release 1200 cusecs on a daily basis after the centre had asked both Karnataka and TN to work out the possibility of enhancing the quantum of release in the next two weeks. 1 DBAC 2 CBDA 3 CBAD 4 BCAD 55 AThe avian flu that is steadily making its way around the globe will develop into a pandemic that will kill tens of millions, create chaos in companies and send the world economy into a tailspin. B)Or will it fizzle out? C)That uncertainty represents a huge challenge for governments, corporations and citizens worldwide: No one knows what will happen to the avian influenza virus in the coming months and years. Will it mutate into a strain that will allow people to readily infect others and sicken untold numbers? D)Nonetheless, many people are taking into account scenarios ranging from mild to severe in order to plan for what could turn out to be a calamity. E)Or it won't. 1)AECBD 2)ABCED 3)DAECB 4)DCBAE 51 3 52 1 53 c 54 4 55 1 56 A)Clarity had its limits, though. B)Still, Greenspan was very careful to keep financial markets informed, telegraphing every Fed move. C)When a senator said that he understood the chairman's comment, Greenspan famously replied: "If you understood what I said, I must have misspoke." D)The policy of "no surprises" was a major factor in keeping financial markets smooth. E)Almost never did the FOMC surprise the markets. 1)ABCED 2)EDACB 3)ACBED 4)DECBA 57 A)Now architects are starting to use the ubiquitous rectangular shipping units to build elegant, relatively inexpensive, quickly constructed, and surprisingly sturdy homes. 15

B)Or that their house had been to China and back? C)Aluminum or steel shipping containers -- used by the global freight business since the 1930s to transport goods -- have been adapted by leading architects and designers (such as Japan's Shigeru Ban) in concept or museum projects for some years. D)How many people can say the previous occupiers of their home were 20,000 toy dolls, 6,000 pairs of sneakers, or 500 computer monitors? 1) ACDB 2)DBCA 3)ACDB 4)ACBD 58 A) Lula’s strategists realise this, and the administration has begun to make explicit overtures to the country’s poor majority, where Lula’s support is the strongest. B) Among the bottom half of the country’s population, the poor, approval for Lula and his administration is high. C) Among the wealthier segments of the population, support for the PT administration drops off. D)But what is different about the current scenario is that now, unlike a year ago, sympathies for Lula have become more polarised. E)The party’s support in congress is the weakest since its election, and internal discussions within the PT have once again returned to reassessing its policy of broad alliances with centrist parties. 1)EBCAD 2)DABCE 3) BCAED 4)ABCED 59 A.Using the tragedies that took place in Handwara to attack the dialogue process is at best disingenuous — and at worst plain dishonest. B Not a word of regret was voiced by Mirwaiz Farooq over the recent assassination of State Education Minister G.N. Lone — conduct which was of a piece with the stoic silence he has long maintained on the murder of civilians like Tasleen. C. Sadly, the APHC's moral compass has long pointed in the direction of the expedient. D. Indeed, it is probable that the APHC will accept an invitation for further dialogue with Dr. Singh as long as its political adversaries are not also at the table. E. Although protected by guards provided by the Jammu and Kashmir Government, the APHC chairman and his colleagues have never summoned the courage to speak out against the carnage. 1. DEACB 2. DACBE 3. CDEAB 4. DBACE 60 1.the INdian states biggest failure has been in building human capabilities;as a result of which 40%Inidans remain illiterate. A)Simultaneously,there is a growing,impatient deand for these goods from below. B)It is primarily because of grass root pressures from below as social democracy has created upward mobility among the lower castes. C)Indian literacy has already risen by 10% in the past 6 years. D)We have now realised that primary education and primary healthcare are the two most powerful ways to eradicate poverty. 6.The push for liberal econimic reforms combined with investment in human capabilities will ensure that millions of indians lift themselves from poverty within a generation. 16

1)DACB 2)ABCD 3)DCAB 4)ACBD 56 3 57 2 58 2 59 2 60 1 61 1.It is undisputed that roads bring multifacetd benfits to villagers , the most important of which is poverty alleviation. A)Road connectivity stimulates the rural economy and its effects are transmitted to the entire economic structure of rural society and it will reduce the pressure on the urban areas. B)The impact is palpalable in the villager's social life, be it better medical care, increased attendance in schools or higher levels of interaction. C)Rural roads also change life patterns by bringing in awareness about modern means of living like cooking dressing and recreation. D)Increase in agricultural production, better prices for the produce , creation of new employment opportunities are only some of the economic benifits. 6. Rural connectivity triggering a reverse immigration from urban to rural areas is a distinct possibility. 1)ABCD 2)BDAC 3)CBAD 4)DBCA 62 A)Now, more than ever, we need to understand the past before trying to shape the future. B)So far as we know, humans are unique among Earth's creatures in being able to interpret and learn from their past. C) The making of the chipped stones, the crude tool of our earliest ancestors, represent the beginning of technology. D) Humans, from the very beginning, were thinkers and makers at the same time. 1) ABCD 2) DBCA 3) BADC 4) CDAB. 63 (a) And hide the hearts of one people from these of another (b) Be recognized in international affairs (c) If may be long before the law of love will (d) The machineries of government stand between. (a). ABCD (b). DCBA (c)CBDA (d). BCDA 64) (a) To forgive is not to forget (b) There is no merit in loving an enemy (c) The merit lies in loving in spite of the vivid knowledge that the one that must be loved is not a friend. (d) When you forget him for a friend (a). ABCD (b). ACBD (c)DCBA (d). BCDA 17

65) (a) My religion is based on (b) Truth and non violence (c ) Truth is my god (d) Non violence is the means of realizing him (a). DCBA (b). DBCA (c)DCBA (d). ABCD 61 4 62 3 63 c 64 b 65 d 66 1. The only virtue I want to claim is truth and non violence (a) I lay no claim to superhuman powers (b) My services have many limitations (c ) I want non I wear the same corruptible flesh that the weakest of my (d) Follow being wear and on these fore is liable to err as any. 2. but god has up to now blessed them in spite of in perfection (a). ACDB (b). ABCD (c)ADCB (d). DCBA 67 (a) methods even to serve the noblest of causes (b) I am an uncompromising opponent of violent. (c ) Admire worthy motives. (d) However much I may sympathies with and (a). ABCD (b). DCBA (c)DBCA (d). BCDA 68 (a) Nonviolence is not quality to be evolved (b) or expressed to order. It is an (c) Upon intense individual effort (d) inward growth depending for sustenance (a). ABCD (b). ACBD (c)ABDC (d). CDBA 69 (a) disposal of mankind it is mightier (b) then the mightiest weapon of (c) non violence is the greatest force at the (d) destruction devised by the in genuity of man (a). CABD (b). ABCD (c) CBAD (d). ABCD 70 (a) Love lived on island. One day (b) Happiness, Sadness, knowledge and (c) The Island began to sink so all 18

(d) The felling prepared the boats to leave (a). BADC (b). ABDC (c) BADC (d). BACD 66 a 67 b 68 c 69 a 70 b 71 (a) Vanity said “ you are all wet and will damage my beautiful boat” (b) for help “ I can’t help you” (c) beautiful vessel she cried out (d) The love saw vanity in a (a). DCBA (b). DCAB (c) ABCD (d). ACBD 72 (a) Sadness declined, saying he needed to be alone. This, love saw (b) happiness love carried out “ Happiness, please take me with you” (c) Next love pleaded with Sadness “ please let me go with you “ but (d) But happiness was so overjoyed that he didn’t hear love calling to him (a). CADB (b). CABD (c) ACBD (d). ACDB 73 (a) Love began to cry. Then, she heard a voice “ Come leave, (b) I will take you with me “ it was an elder. (c) When they arrived an land the elder want to his way. Love realized how much she owed the elder (d) Love felt so blessed and overjoyed that she forgot to ask the elder his name. (a). ABDC (b). ABCD (c) CDAB (d). DCBA 74 (a) Who helped me (b) It was time, knowledge an answered. (c) Love then found knowledge and asked (d) Only time is capable of understanding how great love is (a). CDAB (b). CBAD (c) CABD (d). CDBA 75 A) The very root of the word emotion is motere,the Latin verb "to move" plus the prefix "e-"to connote "move away,” suggesting that a tendency to act is implicit in every emotion. B) In our emotional repertoire each emotion plays a unique role, as revealed by their distinctive biological signatures C) All emotions are, in essence ,impulses to act, the instant plans for handling life 19

that evolution has instilled in us. D) That emotion leads to actions is most obvious in watching animals or children; it is only in "civilized" adults we so often find the great anomaly in the animal kingdom, emotions-root impulses to act -divorced from obvious reaction. 1) CADB 2) CBAD 3) ABCD 4) BCAD 71 a 72 b 73 a 74 c 75 1 76 A. Finally, democracy goes better with coke- consumption rises with political freedom. Have a cola, North Korea! B. In the same spirit we wondered how the globe looks when viewed through the bottom of a Cocoa- Cola bottle. C. There is a lose but clearly positive relationship between Coke consumption and wealth perhaps not surprisingly. D. Even clearer is the relationship between cola and an index developed by the U.N to show general quality of life -Coke consumption takes off at the upper end of the development scale. E. Few Economic indicators are as often cited as our Big Mac Index , which uses hamburger prices as the index of currency parity. F. It turns out that fizzy mass market stuff- ie, capitalism- is good for you. 1. EBFCDA 2.CFDEBA 3.EBCAFD 4.ACDEBF 77 •

secrets once destined for the grave are nowadays exposed in no more time than it takes to analyse a swab or two. B. They can, then take a trip to meet their long lost cousins. C. Americans and Europeans of Afro Carribean origin can find their remarkable accuracy where in Africa their DNA came from. D. DNA based pattern kits can be purchased over internet for less than $250. E. When James Watson and Francis Crick first described the double helix structure of the DNA molecule 50 years ago, they could not have imagined what a powerful light it would throw upon our past. 1. EADCB 2. DAEBC. 3. ACBDE 4. ECBDA

78 A)The overall goal is to represent through resource materials the incredible diversity of Aboriginal peoples in worldviews, languages, knowledge, cultural heritages, and political, economic and social structures. B)LAC offers a wide variety of programs, services and resources available for consultation in person, on our web site or through your local library. C)Welcome to the Circle of Aboriginal Heritage and Knowledge of Library and Archives Canada (LAC), a cultural institution whose mandate is to serve all Canadians by protecting, promoting and making accessible 20

Canada's documentary heritage. D)LAC has an extensive collection of resources by or about Aboriginal peoples. E)Here we will gather to celebrate, promote and provide access to a full variety of Aboriginal resources within Canada, both through Library and Archives' collections and services and in partnership with First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities, associations, language and cultural centres, universities and libraries. 1)CAEBD 2)CEABD 3)CBDAE 4)CBADE 79 A.Much more is on the cards , if the senior bureaucrats are to be taken at face value but concerns have cropped up since the current trend indicates a lack of a 'wholesome' strategy. B. In the maze of India's twisted economic policies, it is difficult to find a more complex bundle of contradictions than the aviation policy. C. While the implimentation of the open skiies agreements will take time these pacts indicate the hurry to put the horse before the cart. D. Piecemeal liberalisation will only harm the sector rather than encouraging growth , putting both passangers as well as the industry at a disadvantage. E. While the government is omnipresent in the closely guarded sector, a whiff of fresh air has started blowing in the forms of open skies agreements with Thailand , some south asian countries and Srilanka 1. EDBAC 2. CABDE 3. BEADC 4. BECDA...... 80 A. This chemical compount finds wide usage in diversified industries such as refectories,ceramics.etc B. Indal developed the requisite technology in-house at its begaum centre. C. In 1982-83,it started developing special alumina,an import subsitute. D In pursuit of its policy of adding value to its basic products, Indal has been adding value to alumina too. 1)BCDA 2)CDAB 3)CBAD 4)DCAB 76 1 77 4 78 2 79 3 80 4 81 1.The new economy has brought in a host of new concepts seeking convergence of several important characteristics of the old economy with the infotech tools. A. Organisations which have superior knowledge processes will fare well in the years to come. B. ITUC school of management (ISM) an affiliate of the institute of Chartered Financila Ananlyst of of India (ICFAI) has organized the seminar. C. 'Knowledge management' is one such concept which plays a critical role in channelising the existing knowledge available within the organization and also in the external business environment. D. Several experts spoke at length on the topic at a one day seminar. 6. Knowledge management has been greatly facilitated by information technology tools such as data warehousing and messaging systems.. 1.DACB 2. CDAB 3.DBCA 4. CBAD 21

82 1.The Union Ministry has advised all the naxalite affected states to impose a ban on people's war, the most militant extremist outfit but left the final decision to respective states. A. Mr. Pande Union Home Secretary said that it is left to their discretion and they have to go through legal process before slapping the ban. B. Meanwhile , sources said that Kamal Pande had assured Andhra Pradesh that the centre would reimburse Rs. 82 crore, the expenditure incurred by the State Government on anti-Naxalite operations. C. Union Home secretary disclosed this to newsmen after charging a meeting of the joint police and senior officials of seven naxalite- affected states. D. The Home Secretary said that the affected states had already been advised by the centre to impose a ban on the People's war. 6. The State Government once again renewed its request that all naxalite-hit should ban the People's War to help deal with the group in a more effective manner. 1. CDAB 2. ACBD 3. CABD 4.DCAB....... 83 A)All of the great and wise people who ever made a difference on planet Earth heard their souls' yearnings and chose a purpose for their lives. People such as Gandhi, Mother Teresa, and Nelson Mandela seem to have been driven by a self-defined purpose that they chose for themselves. B)Now, we often think of such people with a sense of awe and respect as if they were somehow different from us -- better, smarter, more saintly, or more courageous.Sometimes they hardly seem human. But the truth is that the only real difference between you and those people is that they all seemed to have a clearly defined life purpose that they selected for themselves and then embraced with steadiest dedication and unshakeable determination. C)At one time or another you've probably asked yourself, "What is the purpose of my life? What is its meaning? Why am I here on Earth, and what am I supposed to be doing?" Chances are, you work hard, whether you take care of a household or have a job outside of the home. Your days are filled with seemingly endless chores and tasks like getting the oil changed in your car and going to the grocery store. D)You may have a sense that given the right circumstances, you could do much more than you are doing now. Perhaps you long to make a real difference in the world, to assign meaning to your life, and to listen to the yearnings of your very soul. E)Perhaps sometimes, when you get tired or stressed out, life can seem like just one long and meaningless "to do" list with a bland retirement and a gold-plated watch at the end of it. 1) CEDAB 2)ABCED 3)ABDEC 4)ECDAB 84 (a)One can understand American anxiety to reward their favourite in their askewed global war on terror and secure Pakistani help to tackle Iran but one cannot understand India’s anxiety to please the Americans. (b) After all, he heads Pakistan’s strongest, best equipped and financially endowed political party — the Pakistan army. (c)But that is not our requirement. India is not obliged to let Musharraf continue in perpetuity. Any concession to him now will ensure him a life beyond 2007. And beyond 2007, even Bush does not care; his time will have begun to run out. (d) The US has a requirement to keep Musharraf in position. 1.ADCB 2.DBCA 3.ABDC 4. DCAB 85 22

A.For seamers, the plus is the pitch is not gripping the ball as hard, ergo skid, therefore a marginal increase in pace off the deck. B.In this innings, he has been reduced to trundling. C. Against that, as the moisture has dried up, the seam and cut has noticeably reduced, and that should continue. D. In the first innings, he looked almost unplayable-- the ball was darting around both ways; the odd one was bouncing just the little bit extra to find the high edges for the carry, and there was movement off the seam. E. The best sign of what is happening is the bowling of Dwayne Bravo. 1. ADBEC 2.EBDCA 3.ACEDB 4.EDCAB 81 2 82 1 83 1 84 2 85 3 86 (A)Pathak has a disciplined way of investing. "We don't believe in momentum investing. We just focus on our stock selection and valuations," he says. (B) But Pathak says, "We have a designated process for large caps and mid caps." While selecting large-cap stocks, he follows a combination of top-down and bottom-up strategy. Pathak says, "We first identify sectors and give weightage to each sector, then within a sector, we identify stocks and rank them." (C) To be a part of Pathak's portfolio a mid-cap company has to pass through five filters. It should be a leader in its business, should be globally competitive, should have a niche positioning, should be proxy to large cap (it should have equal or better growth opportunities but should be available at high discount to large caps) and it should belong to the sunrise sectors. (D)"In case of mid caps," says Pathak, "we invest only in those companies which have the potential to become large cap." (E) So, how does Pathak select stocks? His way is quite different from others. Most of the fund managers follow the same stock-picking strategy, whether it is a mid-cap stock or a large-cap stock. 1.AECDB 2.AEBDC 3.EDCBA 4.DCEBA 87 (A)The work is monotonous, but it pays. Miners dig lumps of iron ore from the ground, pulverise them with hammers, and filter the resulting pile. A family of five working 12 hours a day can earn a consistent Rs.800 a week doing this, Rs.7 for every putti (iron basin) they manage to fill. A paltry sum? Not when contrasted with the Rs.30 to Rs.50 a day they earn in agriculture, when they can find work at all. (B) According to a report released in 2005 by Mines, Minerals & People in collaboration with other nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), roughly 40,000 daily wage labourers work in Bellary-Hospet's iron ore mines, half of them children under the age of 14. Migrants from a decimated agricultural sector, they float from mining plot to mining plot searching for sustenance in an informal system of contract labour. (C) THE lives of miners are stained red with the dust from "red gold", as some rightly call iron ore. Feet, hands, faces; even the makeshift blue tents they squeeze into at night are covered with red dust from the pockmarked land they work on, the rock they haul up, and the iron basins that scoop the ore. (D) Conditions in the mines back her argument. The workers have no running water to fight the sun, no masks to filter the suffocating dust, and only basic medical care to take care of smashed fingers and cuts from errant shards of flying rock. 23

(E) Given these wage differentials, it is no surprise that nearly all the mineworkers say they support iron ore mining in Bellary. But K. Bhanumathi of Mines, Minerals & People, argues that this preference has to be seen in the context of deprivation. "It's not that the workers want mining, it's just that they need some means to survive," she says. "Given a choice they would never opt for this kind of work." 1)CBAED 2)CABED 3) BAECD 4) BAEDC 88 (A)Photographs depict objective realities that already exist, though only the camera can disclose them. (B) That is, photography has two antithetical ideals: in the first, photography is about the world, and the photographer is a mere observer who counts for little; but in the second, photography is the instrument of intrepid, questing subjectivity and the photographer is all. (C) These conflicting ideals arise from a fundamental uneasiness on the part of both photographers and viewers of photographs toward the aggressive component in "taking" a picture. (D) Picture-taking is a technique both for annexing the objective world and for expressing the singular self. (E) And they depict an individual photographer's temperament, discovering itself through the camera's cropping of reality. 1) DABCE 2)DBACE 3)DBCAE 4)ABCED 89 1. They came, they spoke, and now they are gone. (A) But was it wrong for the Indian government, industry, and even Bollywood to celebrate non resident Indian ? (B) We are, after all, your brothers’–it is almost as if we want them to be guilty for having left us behind, literally and figuratively. (C) India and its problems are back to square one. (D) No. What’s wrong, however is this : in wooing the NRI what we are doing in effect is telling them, “We envy you for all your wealth and success, won’t you please share some of it with us ?” 6. We are chasing the NRI dollar because we want investments despite our problems, and not because we think we can deliver on the promise that is India. (1) CADB (2) ACDB (3) ADCB (4) CABD 90 (A) Not surprisingly, Agro Tech’s Sen Gupta claims Shunu was one of the main architects of the HLL approach to marketing and branding. (B) “He wanted all managers to have a common brand vision, vocabulary essentially be in the same boat,” says HCL’s Adhikari. (C) Pant, and several other managers still remember the Brand Management Forums Shunu organised in HLL’s boardroom. (D) “He taught us the ABC of marketing,” says Muktesh Pant, a one-time Shunu protege. (1) ADCB (2) CDBA (3) ABCD (4) DCBA 24

86 B 87 A 88 A 89 1 90 4 91 (A) According to estimates, its mobile services fetched about Rs.25 lakh a month in 2002. (B) The question, however, is this : will the Indian market ever be big enough for the 600-pound gorilla of the internet ? (C) The only area where things have clicked for the company is in internet to mobile services, where it has a range of clients, including new ones such as Airtel and RPG. (D) In this segment, Yahoo India offers news, SMS, and downloads of ringtones and screensavers. (E) This may well grow, given that mobile subscriber base in India is clipping and at last count had crossed the marginal 10-million mark. (1) ADCEB (2) CDAEB (3) DCAEB (4) CEDAB 92 1. It was India’s first biotech company, boasts of global leadership (a 25 per cent share) in select industrial enzymes such as Pectinases, Tea Tannases, is profit-making and has ambitions of being one of world’s top 10 biopharmaceutical companies by 2010. (A) You don’t need more reasons to buy into biotech’s first IPO. (B) Simultaneously, it is exploiting opportunities in contract research. (C) To do that, Biocon plans to raise Rs. 150–200 crore shortly. (D) Says Kiran Mazumdar Shaw, Chairperson and Managing Director, Biocon Group: “In the next three years, we will be one of the largest human insulin and statin producers in the world.” 6. In fact, the success and failure of Biocon may well determine the future of India’s biotech industry. (1) BDCA (2) CDBA (3) DCBA (4) ADCB 93 5. 1. LG is the market leader in CTVs, air conditioners, fully automatic washing machines, and microwave ovens. (A) Therefore, while in 1998 LG’s sales were mere Rs. 465 crore, in 2002 calender it is expected to have racked up Rs. 2,700 crore in topline. (B) Never mind that like its compatriot Samsung, it entered the market less than seven years ago. (C) LG which employs strategies similar if not identical to Samsung’s, has products across the price range, from Rs.8,000–CTVs to Rs.1 lakh-plus Plasma projection CTVs. (D) What explains the quick rise to top ? Deep pockets, state-of-the-art technology, and aggressive marketing. 6. It has clearly positioned itself on the health platform and restlessly advertises through the year–compared 25

to some other players in the durable business, LG is on a strong wicket. (1) BDAC (2) ACBD (3) DBAC (4) CBDA 94 A. Under his close eye Disney’s animation division soared, with hit films such as “The Little Mermaid”, “Aladdin”and “The Lion King”. B. The situation had worsened to the degree that Disney was in danger of being bought and broken up. C. Indeed, he carried on these activities with such a missionary zeal that appearing on Disney TV shows, Mr Eisner himself became a part of the brand. D. He rescued the firm by energetically devising umpteen new ways to profit from its iconic cartoon characters. E. When Messrs Disney and Gold originally brought in Mr Eisner to be chief executive of Disney in 1984,he found a sleepy company with valuable but barely exploited brands. 1. EBDAC 2. EADCB 3. AEDCB 4. DECAB 95 A. This applies to material goods generally, and therefore to the greater part of the present economic life of the world. B. We may distinguish two sorts of goods, and two corresponding sorts of impulses. C. The food and clothing of one man is not the food and clothing of another; if the supply is insufficient,what one man has is obtained at the expense of another man. D. On the other hand, mental and spiritual goods do not belong to one man to the exclusion of another. E. There are goods in regard to which individual possession is possible, and there are goods in which all can share alike. 1. BECAD 2. AEDBC 3. BADEC 4. AEDCB 91 2 92 4 93 1 94 1 95 1 96 A. Germany has been less staunch, worrying more than the others that Iran may make good on its threat to leave the Non-Proliferation Treaty. B. Yet Iran is exhausting the patience of even the friendlier European governments. C. Britain and France have told Iran privately that it must fulfill its obligations to the IAEA, and also its original promise of a full suspension of enrichment-related activity. D. But, ultimately, it agrees with its European partners that Iran must toe the line. E. The reasons for the three countries’ stance are not far to seek - An Iran that went nuclear despite repeated European overtures would make a mockery of European claims to be defter at diplomacy than heavyhanded America. 1. BACDE 2. AEDCB 3. CDEAB 4. BCADE 97 26

A. But he is also thought to be indecisive and too much of a micro-manager. B. He is intellectually curious, more comfortable in the spotlight than Miss Megawati, and widely viewed as a man of integrity who would be strong in times of crisis. C. This is amply reflected in the understanding that he won the election on character, not ideology. D. Though Indonesia’s voters have now signaled that they want change at the top too, it is not clear that Mr Yudhoyono can deliver on this mandate. E. Besides these personality traits, his party worries that there is not much to separate him from Miss Megawati on policy. 1. DBAEC 2. AEDBC 3. DEABC 4. AEBDC

98 A. Take her account of Mr Bush’s Yale years. B. Mr Bush, on the other hand, spent his time doing everything but burnishing his credentials. C. The case against Ms Kelley is not just that she fails to rake new muck. D. The Ivy League universities are full of grubbing prodigies who regard themselves as the next president. E. It is that she makes her principal target, the current president, look rather good. 1. CDEAB 2. AEDBC 3. CEADB 4. AEBDC 99 A)Nanotechnology has been around for two decades, but the first wave of applications is only now beginning to break. B) Technological revolutions travel with the same stealth. C)A tsunami is unnoticeable in the open ocean—a long, low wave whose power becomes clear only when it reaches shore and breaks. D)As it does, it will make the computer revolution look like small change. E)Spotting the wave while it's still crossing the ocean is tricky, which explains why so few of us are aware of the one that's approaching. F)It will affect everything from the batteries we use to the pants we wear to the way we treat cancer 1)ABCDEF 2)CBEDFA 3)CBEADF 4)AFBCDE 100 A)a group of about 35 bhumij tribal families here still hang on to the traditions of the discipline. B)the dance portrayals are mostly enactments of hunting scenes and self defence. C) today, firkal survives in just one obscure village, Jamundih, of Potka block in East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. D) Experts say, Firkal is in fact, A variation of 'Kirpan Susan' (Kirpan means sword and susan dance), a traditional dance form among the bhumij tribes of Chotanagpur. 1)ADBC 2)CADB 3)DCAB 4)CBDA 101 A) "you are the crucial component in the transformation of the US INDIA relationship", said ambassador Blackwill. B)Mani summed it up:"if we can sustain the cohesion reflected here and successfully act on our collective vision as alumni of our world class ijnhstitution we will become a ' tour de force' in enhancing India's well being and engagement with the US and the rest of the world" 27

C)The US India trade relationship, which he describes as " flat as a chapati", needs a leavening agent. D)What better than the IIT's and their alumni ? E)Now that the IIT alumni have defined their charter it is up to them to step up to the plate and deliever on the promise. 1)EBACD 2)DEBAC 3)BDEAC 4)BEACD 102 A).Each concept ,such as a man or an apple,refers to the qualities which a group of things share. B) Concepts are the means by which the universe is made intelligible. C) Plato's point is that to think or to communicate at all requires the use of concepts. D) The simplest statement -"there is a man"-uses the concept man;"there is an apple" uses the concept apple. 1)ADCB 2) ADBC 3) CDAB 4)CBDA 5) BCAD 103 A.Nonetheless, Tocqueville was only one of the first of a long line of thinkers to worry whether such rough equality could survive in the face of a growing factory system that threatened to create divisions between industrial workers and a new business elite. B. "The government of democracy brings the nation of political rights to the level of the humblest citizens." He wrote,"Just as the dissemination of wealth brings the notion of property within the reach of all the members of the community". C. Tocqueville was far too shrewd an observer to be uncritical about the United States, but his verdict was fundamentally positive. D. No visitor to the United States has left a more enduring record of his travels and observations than the French writer and political theorist Alexis De Tocqueville, whose "Democracy In Amercica", first pusblished in 1835, remains one of the most trenchant and insightful analyses of American social and political practices. a. DACB b. BACD c. DCBA d. DBAC 104 A. The charming headwaiter answered our questions very politely. B. There were so many young long-legged waiters that they were in danger of running into each other as my companion and I considered the overheads. C. These boys have taken the place of the middle-aged women in white overalls with a lot of Nanny about them who used to serve the excellent plain English nursery food in a plain English nursery way. D. We enquired about the number of covers, the existence of a private room and many other questions about the cuisine and service. E. He may have smelt a rat and guessed that we were from one of the many magazines which describe places to eat, or perhaps he just thought we were naturally curious country bumpkins on an outing. F. Bread-and-butter pudding and raspberry crumble came as naturally to them as they do to the customers brought up on such no-frills fare. a. ADEBCF b. AEDCBF c. ADECBF d. ABCDEF 105 .A. As if being embroiled in a murderous conspiracy was not enough, there is further sadness for Harrods owner Mohammed Fayed. 28

B. This accusation comes from the fact that Mr Fayed’s tinned mince-pie programme has been infiltrated by a batch of rogue Bakewell tarts. C. He has been forced to issue a product-recall notice in top people’s paper the Times that may permanently damage his standing as a purveyor of culinary fancies to the aristocracy D. What is irksome about this fact is that Bakewell tarts are a rather common form of sugary comestible; not quite the thing the purchasers of Harrods finest mince pies expect to find for pudding. E. This news came in a full month and a bit after Christmas with the information - Bakewell tarts may contain nuts. F. The obvious implication: that a Traditional Mince Pie With Harrods Brandy and these proletarian old Bakewell tarts are, in fact, made in the same factory. a. ACBEDF b. ABDECF c. AEDCBF d. ACEDBF 101 4 102 4 103 C 104 A 105 A 106 A. Ethnography has long been used in the academic world, and was first employed in commercial research in the 70s. B. “I spent time with different consumers while they were shopping, cooking and eating in their own home”. C. “Perhaps the difference now is that a great deal of market research is not conducted solely at a single point in time.” D. Anne-Marie McDermott, managing director of Quaestor Research, points to a project 13 years ago, which looked at a new chicken-burger product. E. “This method of conducting research was revolutionary at the time”. F. “Researchers spend a lot of time with respondents, living in their environment – even to the point of moving in with them and sharing the experience being researched”, she says. a. AEDCBF b. ACDEBF c. ADECBF d. ADBECF 107 •

In general, the British Internet boom mirrored what had happened on the other side of the Atlantic a year or two earlier. B. Lastminute.com shared all of these attributes. C. This was a replay of events twelve months previously, when the US market witnesses Priceline.com issuing stock on the Nasdaq and ending its first day as a public company worth almost 10 bn $. D. In March 2000, for example, Lastminute.com, the most widely-hyped of all British companies, issued stock on the London Stock Exchange and achieved a valuation, albeit fleetingly, of more than 800 mn $. E. Priceline.com allowed airlines and hotels to unload their spare capacity cheaply online; it made heavy losses; and Morgan Stanley, a leading Wall Street investment bank, marketed its shares to the public. F. The principal difference between the British bubble and the American bubble was one of scale. 29

a. AEDCBF b. ACDEBF c. ADCEBF d. ABCEDF 108 A. An old and semi-apocryphal story is routinely doing the rounds at the elections B. The nub of the story is this: Sir Peter’s association sought to dissuade him from standing on the grounds of his advanced age, reasoning that, should he die mid-term, the cash-strapped Tories of Louth would not be able to bear the cost of fighting a by-election. C. It concerns negotiations between Sir Peter Tapsell, the 74-year old Conservative member for Louth and his constituency association, ahead of the forthcoming general election. D. Sir Peter is said to have a written a personal cheque for the estimated 10,000 $ cost of a by election campaign E. He posted it along with the instruction that it is cashed in the event of his death. F. This is seen as one more instance of his wit and ability to create hype about his candidature. a. ACBDEF b. AEDCBF c. AEDCBF d. ACEDBF 109 a) Moreover, there are very basic differences between the two tripartite theories. b) Plato had given aggression a more honorable status as a spirited element, thus revealing the importance of war in the Greek world and the honorable status Athenians gave to warriors. c) Plato's concept of the bodily appetites may be compared with Freud's concept of the id, which is, however, a very much more complex concept. d) Freud demoted aggression, a part of Plato's spirited element, to one of the drives or instincts. 1) cbda 2) acbd 3) acdb 4) cabd 5) acbd 110 A. My Brother has posted me here to watch over u. B. Do not ask me to leave u alone & go. C. Do not be deceived & grieve 4 nothing. D. The voice we heard was not this. E. It is a Raakshaa’s trick. 1. DECAB 2. DECBA 3. ECDAB 4. DCEAB 106 D 107 C 108 A 109 4 110 3 111 A. It is difficult to date the epics. B. Evidently many authors have written them or added to them in successive periods. C. The Ramayana is an epic poem with a certain unity of treatment; the Mahabharta is a vast & miscellaneous collection of ancient lore. D. They deal with remote periods when the Arayans were still in the process of setting down & consolidating themselves in India. 30

1. CDBA 2. ADBC 3. DCBA 4 ABCD 112 A. A good budget is one which makes a sincere attempt to change the policy environment. B. Government finances are terminally impaired with uncontrollable fiscal deficits C. There are big gaps in perception and capability of managers D. Industry too is not ready to deliver growth, should even the government pursue the right policies. E. The current reforms pace is too slow. F. The fiscal deficit has deteriorated A)ABCDEF B)BADCEF C)FEDCBA D)EABCDF 113 1)The concept of a nation state assumes a complete correspondence between the boundaries of the nation and the boundaries of those who live in a specific state. A) then there r members of national collectives who live in other countries, making a mockery of the concept. B) there r always people living in particular states who r not considered to be (and often do not consider themselves to be members of the hegemonic nation. C) even worse, ther r nations which never had a state or which r divided across several states. D) this, of course, has been subject to severe criticism and is virtually everywhere a fiction. 6) however, the fiction has been, and continuous to be, at the basis of nationalist ideologies. 1)DBAC 2)ABCD 3)BACD 4)DACB 114 1) Will mtnl's latest offer of cell phones at a monthly rental of Rs.100 revolutionaize the market for cell phones the way sachets revolutionized the market for shampoos. A).in market like ours where purchasing power is limited but aspirations are unlimited companies have realized that the trick is to package things in small affordable packs. B).the best example of this is , perhaps , in the cosmetic market. C).Just look around. D)Or, more recently, the way the Rs. 5 -a-bottle coke took the soft drinks market by storm?quite possible. 6)Lipsticks,nail varnishes,deodorents,shampoos,you name it,almost every product is available in small packs that are ,at best,good for just a few cases. 1)cabd 2)cadb 3)dbac 4)dabc 115 (A) And this because it doesn’t want to be dubbed a spoilsport in the region. (B) If you stop griming and bearing it, you would be declared a loser,” says a source, throwing up his hands in absolute exasperation. (C) There are many takers for this line of argument. (D) But, ironically, say many government sources, the very political class that lambasts Pakistan for sponsoring terrorism is shying away from matching its rhetoric with act. (E) “ It is like being in a popularity contest. 31

(1) DCAEB (2) ADAEB (3) CBADE (4) EBCDA 111 2 112 c 113 1 114 4 115 4 116 (A) For the artists it is an entry to the big world. (B) “These are like reminders of great conversations over good food–almost akin to buying a souvenir on a holiday,” says A.D. Singh, owner of Olive, a restaurant in Mumbai. (C) Put up a painting on the walls, a sculpture or anything interesting and it pushes up the hip factor. (D) Restaurants are not just about great food anymore–also crucial is a fresh concept. (A) Plus, the restaurateurs insist, their parents are more likely to pick up a buy in the eatery than in a gallery. (1) CDAEB (2) CBDAE (3) DACEB (4) DCAEB 117 (A) The CBI took into custody Ravi Vermas that auction house Bowrings was to put under the hammer, an Anjolie Ela Menon Murano sculpture, priced at Rs 3.5 lakh, went missing from an exhibition and then fakes of Aparna Caurwere traced to Lajpat Nagar in Delhi. (B) The Ela Menon was reported stolen only a few months after an M.F. Hussain went missing in Hyderabad and the art world suspects more fake artists are doing the round than have come to light. (C) For a close-knit community that can go for months without action, it has been an interesting fortnight. (D) Negligence in museums, lack of incentives and conservation are issues raised by the art world before, but the immediate concern is the surge in art crimes. (1) DBCA (2) DCBA (3) CADB (5) BDCA 118 1.That India needs to democratize its higher education system is not in dispute but htat would truly happen only if the government sought to universalize both quality and access. A.That the issue of caste based quotas has become more and more socially divisive must also be attributed to the shrinking higher - education pie. B.The scarcity of higher educational institutions has led to a spate of inferior quality professional educational institutions that offer seats for exorbitant capitation fees. C.Fewer and fewer people will have to suffer poor working conditions and meagre wages and this would enhance society's capacity to social and economic growth. D.Enhancing access to quality higher education would not only increase the pool of skilled labour force available to indian industry, it would also improve it's quality of production and delivery. 6.The government should realize that concentrating on a few isolated centers of excellence no longer makes sense. 32

1.BCAD 2.BADC 3.DBCA 4.DABC 119 1.The rise in inflation is a global phenomenon. AAlthough the reserve bank of india recently signalled higer short term interest rates, by and large it has preferred to restrain an explosive growth of bank lending only in certain sectors where bubbles are seen to be developing. B.Along with many other countries, india is learning that there are no simple solutions. C.The central bank has to strive for a balance between the iperatives of holding the price line and meeting genuine credit requirements. D.Restraining credit growth by raising interest rates has not always been feasible. 6.For policy makers, supply side solutions involve the balancing of confilcting interests. 1.ACDB 2.BDAC 3.BCAD 4.DCAB

120 1. But to achieve 8 per cent economic growth, India needs to power-lift its exports from $46 billion now to about $100 billion. (A) L.Mansingh, feels that the industrial cluster towns with exports potential like Tiruppur (hosiery) Panipat (woolen blankets) and Ludhiana (woollen knitwear), which have efficient assembly-line production facilities, only need to be promoted and their infrastructure upgraded to transform them into export zones. (B) Even then, we’d do less than what China does now. (C) But Mansingh, director-general for foreign trade is optimistic, even as he acknowledges that the new SEZ scheme may not have a significant impact on trade or economy or offset the high transaction cost problem that plagues our exports. (D) Ajanta Clocks, for instance, saw drastic cut in production cycle from one month in India to two days when it went to China. 6. It’s hard uphill road ahead if India wants to increase its share in world trade from the present 0.65 per cent. (1) DCBA (2) DABC (3) ADCB (4) ADBC 116 1 117 2 118 1 119 4 120 2 121 (A) And what if you and I get a shot at the peak that yielded to Tenzing and Hillary in May 1953 ? 33

(B) But what can be better than the tallest of ‘em all, the 8,848-metre Mount Everest ? (C) In the 50th year of Everest conquest, the Indian Army has tied up with the National Geographic Channel to allowfive average Indians to be part of their team for the commemorative expedition along with the Royal Nepalese Army. (D) Climb every mountain, they said. (1) CBDA (2) DCBA (3) DBAC (4) ABDC 122 1.India and China begin the eight round of talks betn their special representatives on the border dispute marking another step forward on the slow road to resolution. A.the area of Tawong is a sticky point since the Chinese claim it to be central to tibetan buddhism given that the sixth dalai lama was born there. B.India however has ruled out any populated areas as part of a border deal which makes concessions in arunachal pradesh unacceptable. C.This solution has been talked about ever since the 1950s even before the 1962 war and was reiterated by dong xiaping in 1980. D.China's traditional position has been to resolve the dispute on the basis of territorial swap - exchanging aksai chin in the west with arunachal pradesh in the east. 6.The entrenched position of the two sides thus complicates the project of a swap. 1.ABCD 2.DBAC 3.BADC 4.DCBA 123. 1.Few people are comfortable with change. A.Leaders who have stumbled in their attempts to drive change in their organisations may have failed to understand the dynamics of workplace behaviour and why employees tend to dig in their heels. B.The phenomenon which has long fustrated executives is beginning to draw new atention from academic reseearchers and even from psychiatrists and neuro scientists. C.But as a time of disruptive technologies, shifting business models and global uncertainty, continous change has become a way of life for many companies. D.Whether they are overhauling their strategy in response to competition or retooling their products in the market place, resistance to change looms as a large obstacle. 6.In many cases psychological or even physiological factors may be coming into play. 1.BDAC 2.CDBA 3.ABCD. 4.DCAB 124 (A) This is the newest metro after all, and it must share the south with Ammaville and Naidu Nagar, which have very distinct personalities. (B) Writing software, and sinking pints–this is the Beer Shift at ‘Pubworld.’ (C) We can forgive Bangalore its identity crisis. (D) But behind the facelessness of S.M. Krishna’s city, Bangloreans quietly get on with what they do best. (1) CADB (2) ACDB (3) DACB (4) ACDB 125 34

(A) The clubbing of their names would have pleased Nirala–it should make us sit up and take notice. (B) I can think of only one other poet whose work is similarly available : Tagore. (C) Books like the one under review, featuring the work of a single poet competently translated, are a rarity. (D) A small amount of bad Indian poetry is available in worse English translation in a few anthologies. (1) CDBA (2) DCBA (3) DBCA (4) CBAD 121 1 122 2 123 3 124 2/4 125 3

126 (A) Of course, they weren’t known then IPOs (initial public offerings). (B) Back then, seasoned investors will recall, it wasn’t uncommon to have public issues from 30-40 companies hitting the market every month–true many of those companies were of dubious antecedents, several have since disappeared without a trace. (C) It was 1990, and IPOs were hitting the market like a hailstorm that refused to stop. (D) That happened a bit later, thanks to the entry of foreign institutional investors (FIIs), who brought jargon with their money to the Indian market. (1) CDBA (2) DCBA (3) CABD (4) CBDA 127 (A) The cold calculus of business doesn’t recognize sentiment : to expect NRI’s to invest in India simply because it is their country of origin is downright stupid; the community will invest in the country if the riskreward equation is favourable–if it isn’t they’ll seek better avenues. (B) ‘Pravasi’ ..... will likely not fetch the returns expected of it, or anywhere close to it. (C) “India will have to undertake major political, administrative, and judicial reforms,” explains Sam Pitroda, Chairman, World Tel, “if it wants to tap its NRI network like China did.” (D) China succeeded in attracting investments from overseas Chinese on the basis of policies that made it attractive for foreign companies to invest in the country. (1) DCBA (2) BCDA (3) BDCA (4) CDBA 128 (A) While the actual deal-making and selling may be taken care of by others, and while his association, in them may merely be a CEO’s, there’s no taking away from the fact that Paul’s background–an MBA from the Univ of Massachussets, stints at Pepsi Co, Bain and Co, and notably, GE–and location make him the ideal brand ambassador for pro Technologies. (B) From his base in Santa Clara, California, Paul orchestrates Wipro’s strategy : he is widely perceived to be the man behind the Wipro-Ericsson deal. (C) Rainmaking is all about being able to front a deal, speak the same language, business and cultural, as the customer and Paul’s credential on both fronts are impeccable 35

(D) Wipro acquired Ericsson’s development centres in India–a logical acquisition for a company with significant expertise in telecom software–but not before Paul managed to wring out the commitment of some consulting assignments from the telecom major. (1) CDBA (2) DCBA (3) DCAB (4) BDAC 129 (A) Recall the last time that one of our employees told you he could not come to work because his child was sick. (B) But if you immediately thought of who would fill in for the missing employee then the ability to juggle several variables at once is your dominant talent. (C) If you immediately focused on the child, asking what was wrong and who was going to take care of her, empathy is one of your strongest themes of talent. (D) What was your first thought ? (1) ABCD (2) ACDB (3) ADBC (5) ADCB 130 A)This is not a ploy to sell more blood pressure medication B) But the more scientists learn about how hypertension affects various arteries and organs the more they realise that damage begins long before that somewhat arbitrary cut off C) The new guidelines make it clear that prehypertension is best treated with exercise ,weight loss and a more balanced diet.Several studies have proved that the so called DASH diet,which emphasises fruits ,vegetables and modest quantities of nuts ,reliably lowers blood pressure in all ethnic groups. D) Doctors have known for years that anyone with a blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm Hg or higher has a greatly increased risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke o developing kidney problems E) This growing awareness prompted the National Heart , Lung and Blood Institute last week to revise its blood pressure guidelines so that 45 million Americans whose blood pressure is between 120/60 and 139/89 -a level that was considered to be on the high side of the normal -will now be told that they have prehypertension 1) DEABC 2)ADBCE. 3) ADEBC 4) DBEAC

126 4 127 4 128 4 129 5/4 130 4 131 A. After missile defence, counter terrorism has emerged as an important platform for strategic cooperation between New Delhi and Washington. B. Both these actions, of course, were driven by India's perceived interests. C. Ever since Bush's election, liberal outfits and publications have joined hands with the Republican administration in projecting India as a strategic partner. 36

D. Just as India promptly supported President George Bush's plans for recasting the framework of neuclear deterrence by building missile defences, so did it quickly back his call for a war on terrorism. 1] ABCD 2] CBAD 3] CDAB 4] ADBC 132 A. Characterization of materials is an important area in the evolution of new materials having tailor-made properties for a specific application. B. Various properties of materials have to be studied towards developing a specific product. C. The properties are interlinked and one needs to study them towards ensuring optimal performance. D. The needs are also varied based on its intended application whether it is heterostructure interfaces for semiconductor devices or sensors for chemical industries or structural materials in nuclear reactors or aerospace engines. 1] ADBC 2] BCDA 3] ACBD 4] BDAC 133 A. Indians obviously care for medicinal plants because they know so much about them and have done a lot of work on their applications. B. The living folk traditions in the rural communities as well as the scholarly traditions of the codified knowledge systems i.e.,Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Tibetan emphasize the fact that the use of medicinal plants is still a living tradition. C. No other medicinal culture in the world has so extensive, detailed and deep an understanding about the medicinal value of plants. D. The people of India had an incredible knowledge of phyto-medicine driven apparently by a tremendous passion for the study of medicinal plants. (1)ABCD (2) DCAB (3) DBAC (4) BCAD 134 A. Except recuding the number of vehicles on the road there seems to be no possible solution. B. Reacting to the alarming findings in the report published by the centre for science and Environment, the supreme court in an unprecedented move proposed sweeping changes and restrictions, ranging from suspension of vehicle licenses to keeping automobiles off the road in order to check pollution levels. C. Vehicular pollution has emerged a front-runner among other major pollutants in metropolises and major cities. D. Pollution caused by vehicles is snow-balling and causing a major threat to city dwellers. (1) DCAB (2) CDAB (3) CADB (4) BDAC 135 A. The healthy and positive effects of yoga make people revere this ancient science. B. Yoga, an ancient discipline, has gained relevance in today’s world as a means of attaining a balance between body, mind and soul. C. Yoga has been made a part of the school education in Northern India and studies have revealed that by practising yoga the students become more self-confident and there has been a significant increase in their 37

power of concentration, reasoning and analysis. D. In the modern world where depression, stress and psychosomatic problems have become the order of the day, practising yoga seems to be the most viable solution to problems in living. (1)DBAC (2) ABCD (3) BCDA (4) BACD

38