Panduan Program Malaria Puskesmas
August 12, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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ILIZFB]KD OE]K JKYJKY MFBKP OIPIDK]KB
YPOIPLKP JK]KZKCYZY Gn. Lud. Dusbf ]dklrfb Oemi Xes 7 603;=, Oin. Jktkrkcuru, Oi`. Senfe JKYJKY
LKNKZFK Fbmebisfk lirupkokb sknkd sktu bickrk ykbc lksfd jirfsfoe tirdkmkp lknkrfk.Lknkrfk lirupkokb pibykoft libunkr ykbc libgkmf lksknkd oisidktkb lksykrkokt mf Fbmebisfk, okribk libfljunokb kbcok oiskoftkb mkb oilktfkb ykbc tfbccf sirtk liburubokb premuotfvftks suljir mkyk lkbusfk mkb piljkbcubkb bksfebkn. Mknkl rkbcok lilutus lktk rkbtkf pibunkrkb pibykoft lknkrfk, tirutklk mknkl lksykrkokt rfsfoe tfbccf, pirnu mfnkouokb mfnkouokb upkyk pib`ickdkb pib`ickdkb mkb pibcejktkb linknuf tktk nkoskbk nkoskbk oksus lknkrfk lknkrfk kckr tfmko libfljunok libfljunokbb wkjkd. Okjupktib/ oetk, prevfbsf, mkb punku mfbyktkokb sijkckf mkirkd tirinflfbksf lknkrfk jfnk tfmko mftiluokb nkcf oksus pibunkrkb sitilpkt (fbmfcibeus) sinklk 0 (tfck) tkdub jirturut-turut sirtk mfgklfb mibckb oilklpukb pinkoskbkkb survifnkbs ykbc jkfo, Oetk Jkujku tirlksuo sknkd sktu mkirkd inflfbksf tirsijut ykbc lilpubykf KXF > ;/;888 sinklk 0 tkdub jirturut-turut tirlksuo pusoislks jktkrkcuru. Xkbmukb pinkykbkb pibcibmknfkb pibykoft lknkrfk fbf mfjukt sijkckf k`ukb pibcirlksbmknfkb pibykoft lknkrfk mf pusoislks Jktkrkcuru.
;
JKJ F. MIAFBFPF
k. Lknkrfk Lknkrfk kmknkd kmknkd pibykoft fbaiosf ykbc mfsijkjokb enid pkrksft (pnkslemful sp) ykbc dfmup mkb jiroiljkbc jfko mknkl sin mkrkd lirkd (irftresft) lkbusfk mftunkrokb enid bykluo lknkrfk (Kbepdinis sp) jitfbk, mkpkt libyirkbc siluk erkbc jkfo nkof-nkof ktkupub pirilpukb pkmk siluk cenebckb ulur j. Ipfmi Ipfmilfene lfenecf cf lknkrfk lknkrfk kmknkd fnlu ykbc lilpinkgkrf lilpinkgkrf pibyijkr pibyijkrkb kb pibykoft pibykoft lknkrfk & akoter-ako akoter-akoter ter ykbc lilpibckrudfbyk mknkl lksykrkokt `. Lksk fboujksf kmknkd ribtkbc wkotu sigko sperezeft lksuo oi tujud lkbusfk sklpkf tfljunbyk cigknk onfbfs ykbc mftkbmkf mibckb milkl m. Lksk pripktib kmknkd pripktib kmknkd ribtkbc wkotu sigko sperezeft lksuo oi tujud lkbusfk sklpkf pkr pkrksft ksft mkpkt mfmitiosf mknkl sin mkrkd lirkd mibckb pilirfoskkb lforesoepfo i. Kbbukn Lknkrfk Fb`fmib`i (KLF) (KLF) kmknkd kmknkd kbcok oiskoftkb lknkrfk onfbfs pir ;888 pibmumuo mknkl sktu tkdub mkb mf sktu neoksf ykbc sklk ykbc mfbyktkokb mknkl ‸ (pirlfn) krksftii Fb`fmib Fb`fmib`i `i (K F) kmknkd kbcok oiskoftkb pir ;888 pibmumuo jirisfoe mknkl sktu tkdub. a. Kbbukn krksft
Kbcok tirsijut mfpirenid mkrf gulnkd simfkkb pesftfa mknkl sktu tkdub mf sktu wfnkykd mfjkbmfbcokb mibckb gulnkd pibmumuo jirisfoe pkmk tkdub ykbc sklk, mkb mfbyktkokb mknkl ‸ (pirlfn). Inflfbksf fbksf lknkrfk kmknkd suktu upkyk ubtuo libcdibtfokb pibunkrkb lknkrfk sitilpkt mknkl sktu wfnkykd c. Infl ciecrkafs tirtibtu, mkb juokb jirkrtf tfmko kmk oksus lknkrfk flper sirtk sumkd tfmko kmk vioter lknkrfk mf wfnkykd tirsijut, sidfbcck titkp mfjutudokb oicfktkb oiwkspkmkkb ubtuo lib`ickd pibunkrkb oiljknf. Ivknuksf kmknkd kmknkd upkyk ubtuo libcitkduf dksfn oicfktkb inflfbksf lknkrfk mknkl gkbcok wkotu tirtibtu, lfsskn d. Ivknuksf sitfkp ibkl junkb ktku sktu tkdub f. Cijrko Lknkrfk (CL) kmknkd cirkokb bksfebkn sinurud oelpebib lksykrkokt ubtuo liljirkbtks lknkrfk si`krk fbtibsfa linknuf oilftrkkb kbtkrk pilirfbtkd, mubfk uskdk, niljkck swkmkyk mkb jkmkb fbtirbksfebkn sirtk pibykbmkbc mkbk. g. Fbticrksf kmknkd oijirkmkkb muk ktku nijfd systil ykbc lilpubykf tugukb mkb suljir mkyk ykbc sklk sirtk sknfbc linibcokpf mknkl linkouokb oicfktkbbyk ykbc kmk jirsklk-sklk mknkl suktu wkotu mkb tilpkt. o. Fbtibsfafoksf kmknkd upkyk pibfbcoktkb eutput mibckb lilkosflknokb suljir mkyk ykbc tinkd kmk. n. Oksus flper kmknkd oksus ykbc jirkskn mkrf nukr wfnkykd. l. Oksus fbmfcibeus kmknkd oksus ykbc jirkskn mkrf pibunkrkb mf wfnkykd sitilpkt. Oksuss fbmu`im fbmu`im kmknkd oksus ykbc pibunkrkbbyk linknuf trkbsausf mkrkd, ktku linknuf pnksibtk fjubyk, mkb b. Oksu juokb pibunkrkb linknuf vioter. e. Oksus fbtremu`im kmknkd oksus pibunkrkb sitilpkt cibirksf pirtklk ykbc jirkskn mkrf oksus flper. Oigkmfkb fkb Nukr Jfksk (ONJ) kmknkd oebmfsf ykbc mftkbmkf mibckb libfbcoktbyk oigkmfkb oiskoftkb/oilktfkb p. Oigkm ykbc jirlkobk si`krk ipfmilfenecfs mf suktu mkirkd mknkl ourub wkotu tirtibtu mkb lirupkokb oikmkkb ykbc mkpkt libgurus ubtuo tirgkmfbyk wkjkd. q. Oil Oilftr ftrkkb kkb kmknkd suktu jibtuo foktkb jirsklk kbtkrk muk ktku nijfd pfdko ykbc jiroirgksklk ubtuo lib`kpkf tugukb mibckb `krk jirjkckf oiwibkbckb mkb tkbccubc gkwkj mknkl jfmkbc oisidktkb, sknfbc lilpir`ky lilpi r`kykf, kf, jirjkcf jirjkcf pibcinenkkb, pibcinenkkb, fbvistksf fbvistksf mkb sulji suljirr mkyk ubtuo precrkl oisidktkb, oisidktkb, lilpirenid lilpirenid oiubtubckb jirsklk mkrf oicfktkb ykbc mfnkouokb. mfnkouokb.
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r. Kmv Kmveok eoksf sf kmknkd upkyk pirsuksfa pirsuksfa ykbc sfst sfstilktf ilktfoo mkb tirerckbfsf tirerckbfsfrr lib`koup lib`koup pibykmkrkb, pibykmkrkb, rksfebknfsksf, rksfebknfsksf, krculibtksf mkb rioelibmksf ubtuo linkb`krokb kosf mibckb tkrcit tirgkmfbyk pirujkdkb oijfgkokb linknuf pibccknkbckb mkrf jirjkckf pfdko. Lebfterfbc erfbc kmknkd upkyk ubtuo lilkbtku presis pinkoskbkkb oicfktkb inflfbksf lknkrfk ykbc mfnkouokb s. Lebft si`krk tirus-libirus. t. es Lk Lknk nkrf rfkk Misk Misk ( eslk eslknm nmis is)) kmk kmknkd nkd wkmkd wkmkd pil piljir jirmky mkykkb kkb lksykr lksykrkok koktt mkn mknkl kl pib`ic pib`ickdk kdkbb mkb pibkbccunkbckb lknkrfk ykbc mfjibtuo mkrf, enid mkb ubtuo lksykrkokt si`krk lkbmfrf mkb jiroinkbgutkb. u. Zisi Zisiptfvf ptfvftks tks kmknkd kmkbyk oipkmktkb vioter ykbc tfbccf mkb tirmkpkt akoter nfbcoubckb sirtk fonfl ykbc libubgkbc tirgkmfbyk pibunkrkb lknkrfk. Pfst stil il Oiwk Oiwksp spkm kmkk kkbb Mf Mfbf bf (P (POM OM)) kmk kmknkd nkd upkyk upkyk ubt ubtuo uo pib`ic pib`ickdk kdkbb tir tirgkm gkmfby fbykk ONJ linknu linknuff oicfkt oicfktkb kb v. Pf pilkbtkukb pilkb tkukb pibykoft pibykoft (surv (survifnkb ifnkbs) s) mfnkouokb mfnkouokb tirus-libiru tirus-libiruss ubtuo lilkbtku tirgkmfbyk tirgkmfbyk oibkfokb oibkfokb oksus lknkrfk. w. Purv Purvif ifnk nkbs bs kmk kmknkd nkd suktu suktu rkbcok rkbcokfkb fkb presis presis pib pibckl cklktk ktkbb si`krk si`krk tir tirus us libiru libiruss si`krk si`krk sfstil sfstilktf ktfoo mkb jiroisfbkljubckb linknuf pibculpunkb, kbknfsk, fbtirpritksf mkb mfsilfbksf mktk oisidktkb mknkl upkyk ubtuo lilkbtku suktu pirfstfwk oisidktkb kckr mkpkt mfnkouokb tfbmkokb pibkbccunkbckb ykbc iaiotfa mkb iafsfib. Purvif vifnkb nkbss Lfc Lfcrks rksff kmknkd oicfktkb pibckljfnkb pibckljfnkb simfk simfkkb kb mkrkd erkbc-erkbc erkbc-erkbc ykbc libubguook libubguookbb cigknk x. Pur lknkrfk onfbfs ykbc jkru mktkbc mkrf mkirkd ibmilfs lknkrfk mknkl rkbcok lib`ickd lksuobyk oksus flper. y. Qunbirkjfnftks kmknkd sknkd sktu mkrf oikmkkb jirupk mioktbyk mibckb wfnkykd ykbc lksfd tirgkmf pibunkrkb lknkrfk, ktku kofjkt mkrf sirfbc lksuobyk pibmirftk lknkrfk (oksus pesftfa) si`krk fbmfvfmu/oinelpeo, mkb ktku vioter ykbc fbaiotfa (sfkp libunkrokb).
0
JKJ FF. ZYKBC NFBCOY Zukbc nfbcoup pinkykbkb Lknkrfk linfputf upkyk oisidktkb pirerkbckb ykobf pinkykbkb tirdkmkp pksfib lknkrfk mf Xusoislks Jktkrkcuru & upkyk oisidktkb lksykrkokt ykbc lib`koup oicfktkb precrkl lknkrfk mf wfnkykd oirgk Xusoislks 7 ;. Xibi Xibilu lukb kb Oksu Oksuss Lk Lknk nkrf rfkk :. Mf Mfkcb kcbesf esfss & Xibc Xibcejk ejktkb tkb X Xiby ibykof koftt Lk Lknkr nkrfk fk 0. Xib Xibyin yinfmf fmfokb okb Ipfm Ipfmilf ilfene enecf cf jfn jfnkk kmk oksus oksus pe pesft sftfa fa =. Purv urviy Lfcrk fcrkssf
=
JKJ FFF. ]K]K NKOPKBK ;.
Li Link nkou ouok okbb ibil ibiluk ukbb Oksu Oksuss Lk Lknk nkrf rfkk k. K`tfv K`tfvii @ksi @ksi Mit Miti`t i`tfeb feb Xibilukb Xibil ukb oksus oksus si`kr si`krkk kotfa (K@M) kmknkd pitucks libiluokb libiluokb oksus mibckb `krk lib`krf lib`krf oksus si`krk kotfa mibckb libmktkbcf rulkd pibmumuo si`krk rutfb mknkl sfonus wkotu wkotu tirtibtu jirmkskrokb tfbcokt fbsfmib oksus lknkrfk mf mkirkd tirsijut. Xibckljfnkb simfkkb mkrkd (PM) pkmk siluk oksus suspio lknkrfk ykbc mftiluokb j.
kssfvi kssfvi @ks @ksii Mit Miti`t i`tfeb feb
Xibilukb oksus si`krk pksfa (X@M) kmknkd upkyk libiluokb oksus ykbc mktkbc jirejkt mf ubft pinkykbkb oisidktkb (YXO) mibckb pibckljfnkb simfkkb mkrkd tirdkmkp siluk oksus lknkrfk suspio mkb oksus ckckn pibcejktkb `. Purv Purvif ifnk nkbs bs L Lfc fcrk rksf sf Kmknkd oicfktkb pibckljfnkb simfkkb mkrkd pkmk erkbc-erkbc ykbc libubguookb suspio lknkrfk ykbc mktkbc mkrff mkirkd mkr mkirkd ibmilf ibmilfss lknkrf lknkrfk. k. Oicfkt Oicfktkb kb fbf mfn mfnkou kouokb okb tir tirutk utklk lk mf mkirkd mkirkd ykbc ykbc risipt risiptfafa mkb mfo mfoitk itkduf duf pibmumuobyk jkbyko linkouokb lfcrksf oi mkirkd ibmilfs i bmilfs lknkrfk. ]ugukb 7 k) Lib` Lib`ickd ickd tirgkmfbyk tirgkmfbyk pibunkrkb pibunkrkb lknkrfk lknkrfk tirutklk ykbc ykbc jirkskn mkrf oksus oksus flper j) Libil Libiluokb uokb pibm pibmirftk irftk lknkrfk lknkrfk si`krk si`krk mfbf ykbc mktkbc mktkbc mkrf mkirkd mkirkd ibmilfs lknkrfk lknkrfk `) Lilji Liljirfokb rfokb pi pibcejkt bcejktkb kb pkmk pibmirftk pibmirftk lknkrfk lknkrfk sisukf sisukf stkbmkr stkbmkr m) Libfbcoktokb gigkrfbc oilftrkkb mibckb jirjkckf precrkl/ sioter tirokft tirokft tirlksuo tirlksuo lksykrkokt lksykrkokt i) Lilkb Lilkbtku tku penk lu lusflk sflkbb lfcrksf lfcrksf pibmumuo pibmumuo mf wfnkykd wfnkykd risiptfa risiptfa Xeoeo-peoeo oicfktkb oicfktkb survifnkbs lfcrksf k)
Li Libc bcfm fmib ibtftfafafok oksf sf mkir mkirkd kd lk lknk nkrf rfkk
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Xib ibil iluk ukbb & pi pibc bcej ejkt ktkb kb
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Betfafoksf
m)
Zuguokb
i) a)
Xibyunudkb Necfstfo lknkrfk
Xirkb Xusoislks mknkl Xinkoskbkkb Purvifnkbs Lfcrksf k) Xibil Xibilukb ukb mfbf pibmirftk pibmirftk mkb mkb pibcej pibcejktkb ktkb lknkrfk lknkrfk sisukf sisukf stkbmkr stkbmkr j) Xilk Xilkbtkukb btkukb oks oksus us pesftfa pesftfa lknkrfk tirlksuo tirlksuo oksus oksus ykbc mfbetf mfbetfafok afoksf sf enid OOX `) Jirpi Jirpirkb rkb kotfa mknkl mknkl pibci pibcibmknfk bmknfkbb vioter lknkrfk lknkrfk mkb pibkbccunkb pibkbccunkbckb ckb ONJ lknkrfk lknkrfk m) Linko Linkouokb uokb XI tirdkmk tirdkmkpp oksus pesftfa pesftfa,, mkb survif survif oebtk oebtkoo i) Xil Xiljirm jirmkyk kykkb kb l lksy ksykrk krkokt okt a) Lin Linkou kouokb okb kbknf kbknfsfs sfs oigkmfk oigkmfkbb lkn lknkrf krfkk tir tirdkm dkmkp kp pib pibmum mumuo uo lfcrks lfcrksf,f, mkb pilitkkb pilitkkb vioter vioter lknkr lknkrfk fk mkb nfbcoubckb piroiljkbcjfkokbbyk c) Li Link nkou ouou oukb kb pib` pib`kt ktkt ktkb kb mkb mkb pink pinkpe perk rkbb mktk mktk lf lfcr crks ksff pi pibm bmum umuo uo,, vi viot oter er lk lknk nkrf rfkk mk mkbb nfnfbc bcou oubc bckb kb piroiljkbcjfkokbbyk, mkb linkperokb junkbkb, tkdubkb oipkmk Mfbks Oisidktkb
9
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]k ]ktk tk Nkos Nkoskb kbkk Mf Mfkc kcbe besf sfss Lknk Lknkrf rfkk
Lkbfaistksf onfbfs lknkrfk mkpkt jirvkrfksf mkrf rfbckb sklpkf liljkdkykokb gfwk. Cigknk utklk milkl sirfbc mf mfkcbesfs mibckb fbaiosf nkfb, sipirtf milkl typdefm, milkl mibcui, niptespfresfs, `dfoubcubyk, mkb fbaiosf sknurkb bkaks. Kmkbyk tdreljesftepibfk sirfbc mfmfkcbesfs mibckb niptespfresfs, milkl mibcui ktku typdefm. Kpkjfnk kmk milkl mibckb fotirfo jkdokb sirfbc mffbtipritksfokb mibckb mfkcbesk dipktftfs mkb niptespfresfs. Xiburubkb oiskmkrkb mibckb milkl sirfbc guck mfmfkcbesfs sijkckf fbaiosf etko ktku jkdokb streoi. Libcfbckt jirvkrfksfbyk lkbfaistksf onfbfs lknkrfk lkok kbklbisfs rfwkykt pirgknkbkb oi mkirkd ibmilfs lknkrfk pkmk sitfkp pibmirftk mibckb milkl dkrus mfnkouokb. Mfkcbesfs lknkrfk mftickookb sipirtf mfkcbesfs pibykoft nkfbbyk jirmkskrokb kbklbisfs, pilirfoskkb afsfo, mkb pilirfoskkb nkjerkterful.
Mfkcbesk pkstf lknkrfk kpkjfnk mftiluokb pkrksft lknkrfk mknkl mkrkd
K. Kbklbisfs Oinudkb utklk pkmk lknkrfk kmknkd milkl, libccfcfn, jiroirfbckt mkb mkpkt mfsirtkf skoft oipknk, lukn, lubtkd, mfkri mkb byirf etet ktku pickn- pickn. Xkmk kbklbisfs guck pirnu mftkbykokb7 ;. rfwkyk rfwkyktt jiro jiroubg ubgubc ubc oi oi mkirkd mkirkd ibmilf ibmilfoo lkn lknkrf krfk? k? :. rfwkyk rfwkyktt tftfbcc bcckn kn mf mkirkd mkirkd ibmi ibmilfo lfo lknkrf lknkrfk? k? 0. rfwkyk rfwkyktt sk skoft oft lkn lknkrf krfk/r k/rfw fwkyk kyktt mi milkl lkl?? =. rfwkyk rfwkyktt lfb lfbul ul ejkt ejkt lknkr lknkrfk fk sk sktu tu junkb junkb ttirk irkodf odfr? r? 9. rfwkyk rfwkyktt l libm ibmkpk kpktt trkb trkbsau sausf sf mkrkd mkrkd J.
ilir ilirfo fosk skkb kb Af Afsf sfoo ;. Mi Milk lkl l (20 (203, 3,99 ·@ kosf kosfnk nk)) :. Oeb Oebgub gubctf ctfvk vk ktku ktku tin tinkpk kpkoo tk tkbck bckbb pu`kt pu`kt 0. Xil Xiljis jiskrk krkbb nfl nflpk pk (sp (spnib nibeli elickn cknf) f) =. Xilj Xiljis iskr krkb kb dktf dktf (dipkt (dipktel elic ickn knf) f) 9. Lkb Lkbfai faistk stksf sf lknkrf lknkrfkk jirkt jirkt mkpkt mkpkt jirupk jirupk piburubkb piburubkb oiskmkrk oiskmkrkb, b, milkl milkl tfb tfbccf ccf,, oebgub oebgubctf ctfvk vk pu`kt, pu`kt, tinkpko tinkp ko tkbckb pu`kt, mkb foti fotirfo, rfo, enfcurfk, urfb jirwkrbk jirwkrbk `eonkt `eonkt oidftklkb oidftklkb (Jnk`o ( Jnk`o Sktir Aivir ), oigkbc mkb skbckt nilkd (prestrktfeb (prestrktfeb )).. Oitirkbckb 7 pibmirftk lknkrfk jirkt dkrus sicirk mfruguo oi aksfnftks pinkykbkb oisidktkb ykbc lilfnfof skrkbk mkb prkskrkbk ykbc nijfd nibcokp ubtuo libmkpktokb pirkwktkb ykbc nijfd nkbgut.
@.
ilirf ilirfos oskk kkbb Nkje Nkjerk rkte terf rful ul Ybtuo Ybt uo libmkp libmkpkto ktokb kb oipkst oipkstfkb fkb mfkcbe mfkcbesfs sfs lkn lknkrf krfkk dkrus dkrus mfn mfnkou kouokb okb pilirf pilirfosk oskkb kb simfkk simfkkbb mkrkd. mkrkd. 1
Xilirfoskkb tirsijut mkpkt mfnkouokb linknuf `krk jirfout. ;. Xili Xilirf rfos oskk kkbb mib mibck ckbb lfo lfore reso soep ep Xilirfosk Xili rfoskkb kb mibckb lforesoep lforesoep lirupkokb lirupkokb cenm stkbmkrm (stkbmkr jkou) ubtuo mfkcbesfs pkstf lknkrfk. Xilirfoskkb lforesoep mfnkouokb mibckb liljukt simfkkb mkrkd tijkn mkb tfpfs. Xilirfoskkb simfkkb mkrkd (PM) tijkn mkb tfpf tfpfss ubtuo libibtuokb7 k) Kmk tfmkobyk tfmkobyk pkrksf pkrksftt lknkrfk lknkrfk (pesftfa (pesftfa ktku bicktfa)? bicktfa)? j) Ppi Ppisfi sfiss mkb mkb stkmf stkmful ul Xnksle Xnkslemfu mful? l? `) Oipk Oipkmk mktk tkbb pkrk pkrksf sft7 t7 ;)
Pilf O Ouukbtftktfa ((-))
< bbic ickt ktfa fa (t (tfm fmko ko mf mfti til luokb uokb pk pkrk rkssft mk mknnkl ;8 ;888 NNXJ XJ//nk nkpk pkbc bckb kb pkb pkbmk mkbc bc ji jisskr kr))
(+)
< pesftfa ; (mftiluokb ; ‐;8 pkrksft mknkl ;88 NXJ)
(++) (++)
< pes pesft ftfa fa : (mft (mftil iluo uokb kb ;; ‐; ‐;88 88 pk pkrk rkssft mk mknk nkl l ;8 ;888 NXJ NXJ))
(+ (+++ ++))
< pes pesftftfafa 0 (m (mftftil iluo uokb kb ; ‐;8 ‐;8 pk pkrk rksf sftt mk mknk nkl l ; NXJ NXJ))
(+ (+++ +++) +)
< pesf pesftftfaa = (mf (mfti tilu luok okbb 2;8 2;8 pk pkrk rksf sftt mknk mknkl l ; NXJ NXJ))
Kmkbyk oerinksf kbtkrk oipkmktkb pkrksft mibckb lertknftks lertknftks ykftu7
- Oipkmktkb pkrksft > ;88.888 /un, lkok lertknftks > ; % - Oipkmktkb pkrksft 2 ;88.888/un, lkok lkok lertknftks 2 ; % - Oipkmktkb pkrksft 2 988.888/un, lkok lertknftks 2 98 % :)
Oukbtftktfa Gulnkd pkrksft mfdftubc pir lfore nftir mkrkd pkmk simfkkb mkrkd tijkn (niuoesft) ktku simfkkb mkrkd tfpfs (irftresft). @ebted 7 Gfok mfgulpkf ;988 pkrksft pir :88 nioesft, simkbcokb gulnkd nioesft 4.888/uN lkok dftubc pkrksft < 4.888/:88 T ;988 pkrksft < 18.888 pkrksft/uN. Gfok mfgulpkf 98 pkrksft pir ;888 irftresft < 9%. Gfok gulnkd irftresft =.988.888/uN lkok dftubc pkrksft < =.988.888/;888 T 98 < ::9.888 pkrksft/uN.
:. Xilirfosk Xilirfoskkb kb mibckb mibckb tis mfkcbestfo mfkcbestfo `ipkt (Zkpfm (Zkpfm Mfkcbest Mfkcbestf` f` ]ist/ZM ]ist/ZM]) ]) Liokbfsli Liok bfsli oirgk tis fbf jirmks jirmkskrokb krokb mitiosf kbtfcib pkrksft lknkrfk, mibckb libccubkokb libccubkokb litemk flubeorelktecrkaf.Dkn ykbc pibtfbc ykbc pirnu mfpirdktfokb kmknkd sijinul ZM] mfpkokf kckr tirnijfd mkdunu liljk`k `krk pibccubkkbbyk pkmk itfoit ykbc tirsimfk mknkl oilkskb ZM] ubtuo libgklfb kourksf dksfn pilirfoskkb. Mf Xusoislks Jktkrkcuru ZM] mfcubkokb ubtuo lilirfosk simfkkb mkrkd tirmuck lknkrfk sijinul kodfrbyk mfpirfosk nijfd nkbgut mibckb `krk lforesoepfs. Xrfbsfp ugf flubeorelktecrkaf kmknkd `kfrkb kokb jirlfcrksf pkmk pirluokkb lforesoepfs. liljrkb bftresinunesk. Ygf fbf jirmkskrokb pibcfoktkb pibcfoktkb kbtfci kbtfcibb mf mkrkd pirfair enid kbtfj kbtfjemf emf lebeonebkn ykbc mfoebgucksfokb mibckb zkt piwkrbk ktku cenm pkrtf`nis pkmk aksi lejfni . Kbtfjemf lebeonebkn oimuk/oitfck mfkpnfoksfokb pkmk strfp bftresinunesk sijkckf aksi fllejfni . Jfnkk mkr Jfn mkrkd kd pib pibmir mirftk ftk lib libckb ckbmub mubcc kbt kbtfci fcibb tir tirtib tibtu, tu, lko lkokk oel oelpni pnios os kbt kbtfci fcibb kbt kbtfje fjemf mf kok kokbb
3
jirlfc jirl fcrk rksf sf pk pkmk mk ak aksi si le lejf jfni ni sipkb sipkbgkbc gkbc strfp bftresinunesk bftresinunesk mkb kokb mffokt mibckb kbtfje kbtfjemf mf lebeonebkn pkmk aksi „fllejfni „fllejfni “ sidfbcck tirnfdkt sijkckf ckrfs ykbc jirwkrbk @krk Oirgk 7 k) @krk oirgk mfnkouokb sisukf mibckb pitubguo oft ZM]. j) Kljfn :-9 ¹n mkrkd ugubc gkrf mibckb tkjubc lfore okpfnir mkb titisokb pkmk oetko sklpin ykbc tirmkpkt pkmk mfpstfo. ]fmko mfkbgurokb libitisokb mkrkd mkrkd `) si`krk nkbcsubc oi oetko sklpin. Xkmk jijirkpk gibfs oft ZM] mkpkt guck mfcubkokb mkrkd mibckb kbtfoekcunkb/pnkslk. m) ]itisokb nkrutkb juaair pkmk tilpkt ykbc sumkd mftibtuokb sisukf mibckb pitubguo oft ZM]. Juaair jirfsf oelpebib dilenfsfs mkb kbtfjemf spisfafo ykbc sumkd mfnkjin mibckb Cenm oenefm . i) Gfok mkrkd jirfsf Kbtfcib Lknkrfk, lkok oelpnios kbtfcib kbtfjemf kokb tirjibtuo mkb tirnfdkt sijkckf ckrfs sisukf mibckb gibfs kbtfjemf ykbc kmk pkmk strfp tsj. Pimkbcokb ckrfs oebtren kokb tirnfdkt, wknkupub mkrkd tirsijut tfmko libckbmubc kbtfcib Lknkrfk. Dkn fbf libubguookb jkdwk oft/strfp tirsijut lksfd lilibudf sykrkt (jiraubcsf mibckb jkfo) a) Skotu ykbc mfpirnuokb ubtuo liljk`k dksfn ZM] jirofskr kbtkrk ;9-08 libft. c) Fbtirpritksf dksfn sisukf pitubguo pkmk oft
KNYZ XIBILYKB XIBMIZF]K LKNKZFK
Xksfib mktkbc mibckb cigknk onfbfs milkl ktku rfwkykt milkl mknkl 0 dkrf tirkodfr ( mkpkt mfsirtkf byirf oipknk, lukn, lubtkd, mfkri, byirf etet mkb pickn-pickn )
Xirfosk Mkrkd Lknkrfk mibckb lfoesoep ktku ZM]
DKPFN DKPFN XEPF]FA LKNKZF K
BICK]FA
YNKBC XILIZFOPKKB MKZKDLKNKZFK PI]FKX:=GKL DFBCCK =4 GKL DKPFN XEPF]FA LKNKZFK
4
@KZF I]FENEC F MILKL VKBC NKFB ]IZKXF PIPYKF I]FENEC F
]rfks Lknkrfk Zfwkykt Xirgknkbkb Jiroilkd/Jirjuru/ Zfwkykt Xkokf Ejkt Lknkrfk Xibmktkbc/Xinkb`ebc Oikmkkb beb-flub
kbc tinkd mnubtuo libckljfn mkrkd sigulnkd 9
KNCEZF]LI MI]IOPF MFBF LKNKZFK
6
0. ]kt ]ktkk Nko Nkoskb skbkk ibcejk ibcejktkb tkb Lkn Lknkrf krfkk ibcejktkb Lknkrfk ]kbpk Oelpnfoksf ;.
ibcejk ibcejktkb tkb Lknkrfk Lknkrfk aaknsfp knsfpkrul krul mkb Lknkrf Lknkrfkk vfvko vfvkoss
Xibcejktkb lknkrfk aknsfpkrul mkb vfvkos skkt fbf libccubkokb K@] mftkljkd prflkoufb. Mesfs K@] ubtuo lknkrfk aknsfpkrul sklk mibckb lknkrfk vfvkos, simkbcokb ejkt prflkoufb ubtuo lknkrfk aknsfpkrul akns fpkrul dkbyk mfjirfokb pkmk dkrf pirtklk skgk mibckb mesfs 8,39 lc/ocJJ lc/ocJJ mkb ubtuo lknkrfk lknkrfk vfvkos vfvkos sinklk ;= dkrf mibckb mesfs 8,:9 lc/ocJJ. Nfbf pirtklk pibcejktkb lknkrfk aknsfpkrul mkb lknkrfk vfvkos kmknkd sipirtf ykbc tirtirk mf jkwkd fbf7 k. Nfbf Nfbf irtk irtklk lk K@] + Xrflkoufb
]kjin ;. Xibcejktkb Nfbf Xirtklk Lknkrfk aknsfpkrul liburut jirkt jkmkb mibckb MDX mkb Xrflkoufb Gulnkd tkjnit pir dkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gejkt ibfs
;-0
MDX
;
Xrflkoufb
>9 oc
1-;8 oc
;;-;3 oc
;4-08 oc
0;-=8 oc
=;-96 oc
218 oc
8-; Junkb
:-;; junkb
¾
¼
;-= tkdub ;
9-6 tkdub ;¼
;8-;= tkdub :
2;9 tkdub 0
2;9 ]kdub =
-
-
²
;¼
:
:
0
]kjin :. Xibcejktkb Nfbf Xirtklk Lknkrfk vfvkos liburut jirkt jkmkb mibckb MDX mkb Xrflkoufb Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt
;-0
MDX
Xrflkoufb
>9 oc
1-;8 oc
;;-;3 oc
;4-08 oc
0;-=8 oc
=;-96 oc
218 oc
8-; junkb
:-;; junkb
¾
¼
;-= tkdub ;
9-6 tkdub ;¼
;8-;= tkdub :
2;9 tkdub 0
2;9 ]kdub =
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
;-;= Mesfs ej ejkt 7
Mfdymrekrtilfsfbfb < : ‐ = lc/ocJJ Xfpirk Xfp irkouf oufbb < ;1 ‐ 0: lc/ lc/oc ocJJ JJ ;8
Xrflkoufb Xrflk oufb < 8,39l 8,39lc/oc c/ocJJ JJ (X. akn`fpkrul ubtuo dkrf F) Xr Xrfl flko kouf ufbb < 8,:9 8,:9 lc lc/o /ocJ cJJ J (X. vfvkx sinklk ;= dkrf) Oitirkbckb 7 Oitirkbckb 7 Pijkfobyk mesfs piljirfkb MDK + XX[ jirmkskrokb jirkt jkmkb. Kpkjfnk pibfljkbckb jirkt jkmkb tfmko mkpkt mfnkouokb lkok piljirfkb ejkt mkpkt jirmkskrokb oinelpeo ulur. ;. Kpkjf Kpkjfnk nk kmk oitfmko oitfmkosisuk sisukfkb fkb kbtkrk ulu ulurr mkb jirkt jkmkb (pkmk tkjin pibcejktkb pibcejktkb), ), lkok mesfs ykbc ykbc mfpkokf kmknkd jirmkskrokb jirkt jkmkb. :. Mkpkt mfjirf mfjirfokb okb pkmk pkmk fju ddklfn klfn ttrflis rflistir tir : mkb mkb 0
K]KY
0. Kpkj Kpkjfnfnkk pksf pksfib ib X. a kn`fpkrul mibckb JJ 248 oc mktkbc oiljknf mknkl wkotu : junkb sitinkd piljirfkb ejkt mkb pilirfoskk pilirfoskkbb Pimfkkb Pimfkkb Mkrkd lksfd pesftfa pesftfa X. akn`fpkrul , lkok mfjirfokb MDX mibckb mesfs mftfbcoktokb libgkmf 9 tkjnit/dkrf sinklk 0 dkrf ]kjin 0. Xibcejktkb Nfbf Xirtklk Lknkrfk aknsfpkrul liburut jirkt jkmkb mibckb Krtisubkt + Klemfkoufb mkb Xrflkoufb Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt
>9 oc
8 -; junkb ;-0
;
1-;8 oc : -;; junkb
;;-;3 oc
;4-08 oc
;-= tkdub
9-6 tkdub
0;-=8 oc ;8 -;= ]kdub
=;-=6 oc 2 ;9 tkdub
98-96 oc
218 oc
2 ;9 tkdub
2 ;9 tkdub
Krtisubkt
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
=
Klemfkoufb
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
²
;¼
:
:
:
0
]kjin =. Xibcejktkb Nfbf Xirtklk Lknkrfk vfvkos liburut jirkt jkmkb mibckb Krtisubkt + Klemfkoufb mkb Xrflkoufb Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
;-0 ;-;=
Gibfs ejkt
>9oc
1-;8 oc
;;-;3 oc
;4-08 oc
0;-=8 oc
=;-=6 oc
98-96 oc
≩18 oc
8-; junkb
:-;; junkb
;-= tkdub
9-6 tkdub
;8-;= ]kdub
2;9 tkdub
2;9 tkdub
2;9 tkdub
Krtisubkt
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
=
Klemfkoufb
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
;
Mesfs ejkt 7 Klemfkoufb jksk
< ;8lc/ocJJ
mk mkb Krtisubkt
< =lc/ocJJ ;;
Xrflkoufb
< 8,39lc/ocJJ (X. akn`fpkrul ubtuo dkrf F)
Xr Xrflkoufb
< 8,:9 lc/ocJJ (X. vfvkx sinklk ;= dkrf)
j. Nfbf Oimuk ubtuo Lknkrfk Lknkrfk aknsfa aknsfakrul krul Ofbk + Meosfsfonfb ktku ]itrksfonfb ] itrksfonfb + Xrflkoufb
Xibcejktkb Xibce jktkb nfbf oimuk Lknkrfk aknsfpkrul mfjirfokb mfjirfokb gfok pibcejktkb nfbf pirtklk pirtklk tfmko iaiotfa, iaiotfa, mflkbk mflkbk mftiluokb cigknk onfbfs tfmko liljuruo titkpf pkrksft ksiosukn tfmko jirourkbc (pirsfstib) ktku tfljun oiljknf (riorumisibsf). ]kjin
9.
Xibcejktkb Nfbf Oimuk ubtuo Lknkrf rfkk aknsfpkrul (mibckb
ejkt
oeljfbksf
Ofbk
mkb
Meosfsfonfb) Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt
Dkrf ;-3
Ofbk
Dk Dkrf rf ; Xr Xrfl flko kouu fb
>9 oc
1-;8 oc
Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut oinelpeo jirkt jkmkb ;;-;3 ;4-08 0;-00 0=-=8 =;-=9 oc oc oc oc oc
8-; junkb sisukf JJ
:-;; junkb 0x¼
;-= tkdub 0x;
9-6 tkdub 0x ;¼
;8-;= tkdub 0x ;¼
;8-;= tkdub 0x:
-
-
²
;¼
:
:
=1-18 oc
218oc
2;9 tkdub 0x :¼
2;9 tkdub 0x :¼
2;9 tkdub 0x0
:
0
0
@ktktkb7 Mesfs Ofbk mfjirfokb sisukf JJ (0x;8lc/ocJJ/dkrf) Mesfs Meosfsfonfb 0.9 lc/ocJJ/dkrf mfjirfokb : x sidkrf (2 ;9 tkdub) Mesfs Meosfsfonfb :.: lc/ocJJ/dkrf lc/ocJJ/dkrf mfjirfokb : x sidkrf (4-;= tkdub) ]kji ]kjinn
Dkrf
1.
Xib ibce cejk jktk tkbb Nf Nfbf bf Oim imuk uk Ybt btuo uo Lk Lknnkrf krfk Akn knssfp fpkr krul ul (m (mib ibck ckbb ejkt oe oel ljf jfbk bkssf Ofbk fbk mi mibc bckb kb ]itrksfonfb)
Gibfs ejkt >9 oc
Dkrf ;3 Dkrf ;
8-; Junkb sisukf JJ
Ofbk Xrflkoufb
-
Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut oinelpeo jirkt jkmkb 1-;8 ;;-;3 ;4-08 0;-00 0=-=8 =;-=9 oc oc oc oc oc oc :-;; junkb 0x¼
;‐= tkdub 0x;
-
²
9-6 tkdub 0x ;¼ ;¼
=1-18 oc
218 oc
;8-;= tkdub 0x ;¼
;8-;= tkdub 0x:
2 ;9 tkdub 0x :¼
2 ;9 tkdub 0x :¼
2 ;9 tkdub 0x0
:
:
:
0
0
Enid okribk Meosfsfonfb mkb ]itrksfonfb tfmko mkpkt mfjirfokb pkmk fju dklfn lkok sijkckf pibcckbtfbyk mkpkt mf pkokf Onfbmklfsfb Onfbmklfsfb ykbc tirsimfk mf usoislks
`. Nfbf Nfbf Oimu Oimukk ubtuo ubtuo Lk Lknkr nkrfk fk Qfvko Qfvkoss Ofbk + Xrflkoufb
;:
Oeljfbksf fbf mfcubkokb ubtuo pibcejktkb lknkrfk vfvkos ykbc tfmko rispeb tirdkmkp pibcejktkb K@]. pibcejktkb lknkrfk nkfbbyk mkb tfmko mfjirfokb prflkoufb :.
ibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur . akn`fpkrul + . vfvkos/ . evkni Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkos/X. evkni mibckb K@]. Xkmk pibmirftk mibckb fbaiosf `klpur mfjirfokb K@] sinklk 0 dkrf sirtk prflkoufb mibckb mesfs 8,:9 lc/ocJJ/dkrf sinklk ;= dkrf. ]kjin 6. Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkx /X. Evkni mibckb MDX Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt
>9 oc
1-;8 oc
;;- ;3 oc
;4-08 oc
0;-=8 oc
=;-96 oc
218 oc
8-; junkb
:-;; junkb
;-= tkdub
9-6 tkdub
;8-;= tkdub
2;9 ]kdub
2;9 ]kdub
;-0
MDX
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
;-;=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
K]KY ]kjin ]kj in ;8. Xibcejktkb Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkx /X. Evkni mibckb Krtisubkt Klemfkoufb Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt >9 oc 8-; junkb
;-0
;-;=
1-;8 oc :-;; junkb
;;-;3 oc ;-= tkdub
;4-08 oc 9-6 tkdub
0;-=8 oc ;8-;= tkdub
=;-96 oc 2;9 tkdub
218 oc 2;9 tkdub
Krtisubkt
¾
¼
;
:
0
=
=
Klemfkoufb
¾
¼
;
:
0
=
=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
Krtisubkt < = lc/ocJJ mkb Klemfkoufb jksk < ;8 lc/ocJJ lc/ocJJ 0.
ibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur . akn`fpkrul + . lknkrfki Fba Fbaios iosff `klpur `klpur kbtkr kbtkrkk X. akn` akn`fafakr krul ul mibc mibckb kb X. lknkr lknkrfk fkii mfj mfjirf irfokb okb ricflib ricflib K@] sinklk sinklk 0 dkrf mkb rflkoufb pkmk dkrf F.
=.
ibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur . akn`fpkrul + . vfvkos/ . evkni Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkos/X. evkni mibckb K@]. Xkmk pibmirftk mibckb fbaiosf `klpur mfjirfokb K@] sinklk 0 dkrf sirtk prflkoufb mibckb mesfs 8,:9 lc/ocJJ/dkrf sinklk ;= dkrf. ]kjin 6. Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkx /X. Evkni mibckb MDX Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt
>9 oc
1-;8 oc
;;- ;3 oc
;4-08 oc
0;-=8 oc
=;-96 oc
218 oc
8-; junkb
:-;; junkb
;-= tkdub
9-6 tkdub
;8-;= tkdub
2;9 ]kdub
2;9 ]kdub
;0
;-0
MDX
¾
¼
;
;¼
:
0
=
;-;=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
K]KY ]kjin ]kj in ;8. Xibcejktkb Xibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur X. akn`fpkrul akn`fpkrul + X. vfvkx /X. Evkni mibckb Krtisubkt Klemfkoufb
Gulnkd tkjnit pirdkrf liburut jirkt jkmkb Dkrf
Gibfs ejkt >9 oc 8-; junkb
;-0
;-;=
1-;8 oc :-;; junkb
;;-;3 oc ;-= tkdub
;4-08 oc 9-6 tkdub
0;-=8 oc ;8-;= tkdub
=;-96 oc 2;9 tkdub
218 oc 2;9 tkdub
Krtisubkt
¾
¼
;
:
0
=
=
Klemfkoufb
¾
¼
;
:
0
=
=
Xrflkoufb
-
-
¾
¼
²
;
;
Krtisubkt < = lc/ocJJ mkb Klemfkoufb jksk < ;8 lc/ocJJ lc/ocJJ 9.
ibcejktkb fbaiosf `klpur . akn`fpkrul + . lknkrfki Fba Fbaios iosff `klpur `klpur kbtkr kbtkrkk X. akn` akn`fafakr krul ul mibc mibckb kb X. lknkr lknkrfk fkii mfj mfjirf irfokb okb ricflib ricflib K@] sinklk sinklk 0 dkrf mkb rflkoufb pkmk dkrf F. Ylur Oidklfnkb
Xibcejktkb
]rflistir F (8-0 junkb) ]rflistir FF (=-1 junkb) =. ]ktk Nkosk Nkoskbk bk ilkbtkukb ilkbtkukb Zisp Zispeb eb ibcejktkb ibcejktkb
Ofbk tkjnit sinklk 3 dkrf K@] tkjnit sinklk 0 dkrf
Xilkbtkukb Xibcejktkb ubtuo Xnkslemful aknsfpkrul mkb Xnkslemful vfvkx mfnko mfnkouokb uokb pkmk 7 dkrf oi-0, dkrf oi-3, dkrf oi ;= sklpkf dkrf oi-:4 sitinkd piljirfkb ejkt dkrf pirtklk, mibckb lilebfter cigknk onfbfs mkb pilirfoskkb lforesoepfo. Kpkjfnk tirgkmf pirjuruokb cigknk onfbfs siwkotu-wkotu sicirk oiljknf oi pusoislks 9.
ibyinf ibyinfmfo mfokb kb Ipf Ipfmil milfen fenecf ecf ( I) Xibyin Xib yinfmf fmfokb okb ipf ipfmil milfen fenecf ecf lknkrf lknkrfkk lirupk lirupkokb okb rkbcko rkbckokfk kfkbb oicfkt oicfktkb kb fbv fbvist istfck fcksf sf mkb pibckl pibcklktk ktkbb ubt ubtuo uo lilpirenid fbaerlksf ykbc `ipkt mkb kourkt tibtkbc suljir pibunkrkb lknkrfk. Oicfktkb XI mfnkouokb tirdkmkp siluk oksus pesftfa lknkrfk dksfn oebafrlksf nkjerkterful. Pitinkd ftu mfnkbgutokb mibckb survif oebtko tirdkmkp erkbc-erkbc ykbc tfbcckn jirsklk mknkl sktu rulkd mkb pibmumuo mf sioftkr pibmirftk lknkrfk tirsijut, ubtuo libibtuokb nuksbyk wfnkykd pibunkrkb. ]ugukb k. Libcitkduf Libcitkduf presis presis tirgkmfb tirgkmfbyk yk pibunkrkb mkb kskn pibunkrkb pibunkrkb ubtuo linkouokb linkouokb onksfafoks onksfafoksff oksus j. Libcitkduf Libcitkduf nuksbyk nuksbyk mki mkirkd rkd pibunkr pibunkrkb kb lknkrfk lknkrfk `. Lilju Liljukt kt rioel rioelibmks ibmksff ykbc tipkt tipkt mknkl rkb rkbcok cok pibkbckbkb pibkbckbkb oksus oksus tirsijut tirsijut Liokbfsli inkoskbkkb I
;=
Liokbfsli pinkoskbkkb oicfktkb XI lknkrfk mfnkouokb jirmkskrokb nkperkb mkrf ubft oisidktkb (pusoislks, rulkd skoft, meotir prkotio, onfbfo oisidktkb) jkdwk mftiluokb kmkbyk oksus pesftfa lknkrfk dksfn oebafrlksf nkjerkterful. Xresimur pinkoskbkkb XI sijkckf jirfout 7 ;. Skwkb`krk Skwkb`krk mibckb pibmir pibmirftk ftk pesft pesftfafa l lknkrfk knkrfk ]ugukb wkwkb`krk kmknkd ubtuo libcitkduf jkckflkbk orebenecf oigkmfkb lknkrfk sidfbcck mfoitkduf mfoit kduf kskn pibunkrkb pibunkrkb oksus (onksfafoksf (onksfafoksf oksus). Xresimur Xresimur pinkoskbkk pinkoskbkkbb wkwkb`krk wkwkb`krk sisukf mibckb aerlunfr pibyinfmfokb ipfmilfenecf (XI) :. Purv Purviy iy Oebt Oebtko ko ]ugukb surviy oebtko kmknkd ubtuo libcitkduf kpkokd oksus pesftfa ykbc mftiluokb ftu tinkd libunkrokb pibykoftbyk pkmk erkbc-erkbc ykbc tfbcckn mknkl sktu rulkd ktku tfbcckn jirmioktkb mibckb rulkd pibmirftk 0. Xibcklktkb Xibcklktkb ooijfks ijfkskkb kkb (pirfnkou) (pirfnkou) lksykr lksykrkokt kokt sitilp sitilpkt kt k.
Kotfa Kotfaftk ftkss rutf rutfbb mmff nnukr ukr rulkd rulkd pkmk pkmk lkn lknkl kl dkrf dkrf
j.
Oicfkt Oicfktkb kb sesfk sesfknn (o (oulp ulpunun-oul oulpun pun)) ykbc ykbc si sinkn nknuu mfdkm mfdkmfrf frf
=. Xibcklktkb Xibcklktkb nfbc nfbcoubck oubckbb tilpkt piroiljkbcjf piroiljkbcjfkokb kokb vioter vioter sioftkr sioftkr pirluoflkb pirluoflkb Libcklktf Libckl ktf mkb libcf libcfmibtfa mibtfafoksf foksf gibfs tilpkt tilpkt piroil piroiljkbcjf jkbcjfkokb kokb vioter vioter jkfo ykbc jirsfakt jirsfakt silibtkrk silibtkrk lkupub pirlkbib (titkp kmk sipkbgkbc tkdub), sipirtf 7 lktk kfr, cibkbckb kfr, tkljko ykbc tfmko tirkwkt, oenkl, kfr libcknfr, skwkd, sknurkb frfcksf, mkb nkfb-nkfb ykbc pesftfa gibtfo ktku nkrvk bykluo kbepdinis. resimur 7 ;. Knkt ? Oklirk :. Jkdkb ? K]O, PXXM, Aerlkt XI Nkbcokd-nkbcokd 7 ;. Linko Linkouokb uokb oeermfb oeermfbksf ksf mibckb mibckb precrkl tirokft tirokft :. Libyu Libyusub sub rib`kbk rib`kbk oubgubckb oig oigkmfkb kmfkb oksus oksus suktu piby pibykoft/ koft/ lksknkd lksknkd oisidktkb oisidktkb 0. Lil Lilpir pirsfk sfkpok pokbb surk surktt pirfbtk pirfbtkdd =. Linkp Linkper er oi okbter okbter oinurk oinurkdkb dkb & libcfs libcfsff juou tklu 9. Linko Linkouokb uokb pibmktkkb pibmktkkb mkb libc libculpun ulpunokb okb fbaerlksf fbaerlksf mf tilpkt tilpkt oigkmfkb oigkmfkb 1. Linko Linkouokb uokb ejsirvksf ejsirvksf nk nkbcsubc bcsubc mf wfnkykd wfnkykd tilpkt tilpkt tfbcckn tfbcckn pibmirftk pibmirftk 3. Libckb Libckbknfsk knfsk mktk & fbaerlks fbaerlksff si`krk jiroisfbklj jiroisfbkljubckb ubckb ykbc mftiluokb mftiluokb mibckb precrkl tirokft tirokft 4. Libick Libickookb ookb dfpe dfpetisf tisfss & nkbcokdnkbcokd-nkbcok nkbcokdd pibkbccu pibkbccunkbckb nkbckb wkjkd wkjkd 6. Ivk Ivknuk nuksf sf pib pibkbc kbccun cunkbc kbckb kb wkjkd wkjkd ;8. Oiljknf oi okbter oinurkdkb ubtuo ] ]]M ]M PXXM ;;. Linkperokb tilukb & liljukt pirtkbccubcgkwkjkb
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JKJ FQ. MEOYLIB]KPF Xib`ktktkb & pinkperkb tirdkmkp oksus lknkrfk ykbc tirgkmf mfnkouokb linknuf precrkl I-Pfslkn lknkrfk jirjksfs Ebnfbi libccubkokb kpnfoksf sfslkn virsf :. Dkn-dkn ykbc mfnkperokb kbtkrk nkfb oksus pesftfa, gulnkd suspio ykbc mfs`riibfbc, gulnkd fju dklfn O; ykbc mfs`riibfbc, necfstfo lknrfk. Oicfktkb lebfterfbc & ivknuksf mfnkoskbkokb jirsklk pibcinenk lknkrfk mf Mfbks Oisidktkb Oetk Jkujku sioknf sitkdub.
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JKJ Q. MKA]KZ YP]KOK
;. Oiputuskb Libtirf Ois Oisidktkb idktkb Zipujnfo Fbmebisf Fbmebisfkk Be :60/ LIBOIP/ LIBOIP/ PO/ FQ/ :886 tibtkbc Inflfbksf Lknkrfk mf Fbmebisfk :. Pujmft Lknkrfk Mfrgib XX & XN Oilibois ZF, Lemun Xinktfdkb Flpnilibtksf Flpnilibtksf I-Pfslkn Jkcf Xibcinenk Xrecrkl Lknkrfk, :8;9 0. Mfrioterkt Xib` Xib`ickdkb ickdkb & Xibcibmknfkb Xibykoft ]unkr Qioter mkb Weebetfo Mfrioterkt Mfrioterkt Gibmirkn Xib`ickdkb Xib`ickdkb mkb Xibcibmknfkb Xibykoft Oilibtirfkb Oisidktkb Zipujnfo Fbmebisfk 7 Juou Ximelkb ]iobfs Xilirfoskkb Xkrksft Lknkrfk, :8;3 =. Pujmft Lknkrfk Mfrgib XX & XN Oilibtrfkb Oisidktkb Oisidktkb ZF 7 Lemun Xinktfdkb Flpnilibtksf I-Pfslkn I-Pfslkn Jkcf Xibcinenk Xrecrkl Lknkrfk
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