Orthodontic Fixed Appliances - Dental Ebook & Lecture Notes PDF Download (Studynama - Com - India's Biggest Website For BDS Study Material Downloads)
September 13, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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Download Orthodontic Fixed Appliances - Dental Ebook & Lecture Notes PDF Download (Studynama - Com - India's Bi...
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M
O
ORTHODONTI ODONTIC C C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
Fixed Fi xed A ppliances D
U
T
S
2
Contents M
Indications
Difference b/w Fixed
O
Introduction to Fixed Appliances Ap pliances
C .
Contraindic ations of Fixed Appliances Contraindications A
R emovable Appliances
M
A
Types of Fixed Appliance Appliancess
N
Y
Orthodontic Bends in Fixed Fix ed Appliances
Components along with Placement Remo val of Fixed App lianc liances es
Prevention
Problems with Fixed Appliances
Temporary Anchorage Devices
D
U
T
S
Treatment of Wh ite Spots after Or thodontic Tx.
3
Orthodont Or thodontic ic Appliances M
O
C .
Fixed Orthod Or thodontic ontic Appliances A
M
A
Functional Or Or thodon thodontic tic Appli Appliance ance N
Y
D
U
T
Removable Orthodontic Appliances S
4
Introduction to Fixed Appliances M
O
C
attachments that orthodo areon orthodontic ntic devices, which for hace have ve are are fixed fixed onto to the tooth surface, and force exerted on tooth via these attachm att achments ents using using arch wir wires es and other .
These
A
M
A
N
Y
D
auxiliaries.
U
T
S
These
appliances cannot be removed or activated by patient.
Studynama’s BDS Community is one of India’s Largest Community of Dental Students. About
19,232 Indian Dental Course students thisother community andin share studyexams. material, cases, projects, exam papersare etc.members to enableof each to do well theirFREE semester
Links to Popular Study Material for BDS (Dental) students:
Download Orthodontic Fixed Appliances - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Amalgam Restoration - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download COMPLEX NON-SKELETAL PROBLEMS IN PREADOLESCENT CHILDREN - BDS Lecture Notes Anatomy of Scalp - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Cementum - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Recent Advances in Instrumentation Techniques - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Ameloblastoma - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Prevention of Odontogenic Infection - Principles of Management - BDS Lecture Notes Therapeutic Dentistry Histology of Teeth Teeth Dental Charting - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Maxillofacial Trauma and Management - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Technical Endodontics - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download And 698 more free downloads for Dental Students.
Other Popular Links for Law Study Material: BDS Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides, Projects and Case Papers FREE PDF Download Download BDS Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides & Handouts FREE PDF Download Download BDS University Previous Year Exam Question Papers & Solutions FREE PDF Download Download
5
Indications of Fixed Appliances M
O
Correction of mild to moderate skeletal discrepancy discrepancy.
Overbite reduction reduction by intrusion of incisors. incisors. C
.
A
M
A
N
Intrusion/Extrusion of Intrusion/Extrusion of teeth. D
Y
Multiple tooth tooth movements
required in one in one arch.
U
T
Corrections of rotation. S
Active closure of extraction space, or space due to Hypodontia.
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
Contraindications of Fixed Appliances M
O
Poorly
motivated patient motivated M
A
N
Poor
dental health D
Y
C .
A
6
U
T
S
Extremely
sever malocclusion requiring orthogn or thognathic athic surger surgeryy
Fixed V/S Removable Appliances
7
M
FIXED APPLIANCE APPLIANCE Precise 3 dimensional tooth movement movement Bodily tooth movement Complex malocclusions can be treated treated
REMOVABLE APPLIANCE Less precise control control of tooth movement Tipping tooth movement movement only Simple malocclusions malocclusions only O
C
.
A
M
A
N
High anchorage requirements Controlled space closure possible
Y
D
Small anchorage requirements anchorage requirements Space closure is difficult
Multiple tooth movements Can be used in upper or lower arch
Few tooth movements movements Retention in lower arch is poor
U
T
S
Simple to correct rotations Oral hygiene can be problematic ot dependent on patient’s patient’s compliance Long chairside time
More difficult to correct rotations Can be removed for oral hygiene Depend on patient’s compliance Short chair side time
8
Fixed Appliances M
Contemporary fixed appliances are are variations of Edge
wise appliance appliance system. O
C
.
A
M
Another system of fixed appliance is appliance is Begg
appliance system. A
N
Y
It contains rectangular slot but d oes not use rectangular arch wire. D
U
T
Currently Begg appliance system has been modified into Tip
– Edge appliance system.
S
9 Standard Edgewise
Edgewise
M
O
C .
A
M
Fixed Appliances
Begg Appliance A
N
Y
D
Contemporary /Straight Edgewise
U
Tip Edge
T
S
Appliance
Studynama’s BDS Community is one of India’s Largest Community of Dental Students. About 19,232 Indian Dental Course students are members of this community and share FREE study material, cases, projects, exam papers etc. to enable each other to do well in their semester exams.
Links to Popular Study Material for BDS (Dental) students:
Orthodontic Fixed Appliances - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Amalgam Restoration - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download COMPLEX NON-SKELETAL PROBLEMS IN PREADOLESCENT CHILDREN - BDS Lecture Notes
Anatomy of Scalp - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Cementum - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Download Recent Advances in Instrumentation Techniques - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download
Download Ameloblastoma - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Prevention of Odontogenic Infection - Principles of Management - BDS Lecture Notes Teeth Dental Charting - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Therapeutic Dentistry Histology of Teeth Maxillofacial Trauma and Management - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Technical Endodontics - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download And 698 more free downloads for Dental Students.
Other Popular Links for Law Study Material: BDS Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides, Projects and Case Papers FREE PDF Download Download Download BDS Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides & Handouts FREE PDF Download BDS University Previous Year Exam Question Papers & Solutions FREE PDF Download
10
Ribbon Arch M
O
It was made made by Edward Angle. C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
It contains ver contains vertically tically positioned positioned rectangularr slots in which arch wire of rectangula 10x20 gold wire gold wire was placed into the vertical slots slots and held with pins.
S
It had poor control c ontrol of root position and does not generated torque.
11
Edgewise M
O
angle modified th ang tha at ri rib bbon arch ap appl pliian ance ce,, in whi hicch he Re Reor oriient ented ed th the e sl slot ot f rom ve vert rtii c al al to h o r iz o n t a l a n d in s e r t e d a re c tan tangu gullar w ir ir e r o t a t e d 9 0 d e g re e s t o t h e o r i e n t a t i o n i t h a d w it it h r ib ib bo bo n a rc rc h, h, t h us us t h e n am am e e dg dg e w is is e .
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
The dimension in that slot were 22 x 28 mils & wire of 22 x 28 mil precious metal was used. T
S
Begg Appliance M
O
It is a modification of ribbon ribbon arch appliance, in which Raymond which Raymond Begg modified following things in the appliance. appliance. C
.
A
M
He replaced the precious metal precious metal ribbon arch with 16 mils round round stainless steel wire A
N
Y
He retained original ribbon ribbon arch bracket, but turned it upside upside down so that the bracket pointed gingival rather occlusally. occlusally. D
U
T
S
He added auxiliary springs to the appliance for control of root position & cause rotation in tooth.
13
Advantages & Limitations of Begg Appliance Appliance M
Advantage of Begg Appliance
O
C .
Tipping movement
A
M
Bite opening Friction was minimized
(mentioned oned in chapter 9) Binding was minimized (menti
A
N
Y
D
U
T
Limitations of Begg Appliance
Finishing
Cumbersome Technique
S
Studynama’s BDS Community is one of India’s Largest Community of Dental Students. About 19,232 Indian Dental Course students are members of this community and share FREE study material, cases, projects, exam papers etc. to enable each other to do well in their semester exams.
Links to Popular Study Material for BDS (Dental) students: Orthodontic Fixed Appliances - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download
Amalgam Restoration - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download COMPLEX NON-SKELETAL PROBLEMS IN PREADOLESCENT CHILDREN - BDS Lecture Notes Anatomy of Scalp - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Cementum - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download
Recent Advances in Instrumentation Techniques - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Ameloblastoma - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download Prevention of Odontogenic Infection - Principles of Management - BDS Lecture Notes Therapeutic Dentistry Histology of Teeth Teeth Dental Charting - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download
Maxillofacial Trauma and Management - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Technical Endodontics - BDS Lecture Notes PDF Download Download And 698 more free downloads for Dental Students.
Other Popular Links for Law Study Material:
Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides, Projects and Case Papers FREE PDF Download Download BDS BDS Lecture Notes, eBooks, Guides & Handouts FREE PDF Download Download BDS University Previous Year Exam Question Papers & Solutions FREE PDF Download Download
14
Tip Edgewise Appliance M
O
It is a hybrid appliance appliance having comb inati ination on of o f Begg mechanics (straight wire mechanics of edge wise) wise) C
.
Edge wise
A
M
A
N
Y
It allows tipping of tooth tooth in the initial stages of of treatment with round wires – Begg technique. technique. D
U
T
S
In latter stages, rectangular wires are used for final tooth positioning.
15
M
O
C .
Contemporar y Contemporar Edgewise
A
M
A
N
Y
D
Appliances
U
T
S
Modern edgewise appliances are of two types; M
O
C .
Standard/Or Standard/Original iginal Edge wise appliance appliance system A
M
A
N
Y
D
Straight
wire// Contemporar wire Contemporaryy edgewise edgewise appliance system
U
T
S
16
STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE
17
SYSTEM M
O
Rotation of tooth was controlled by separate ligatures ligatures tied to the eyelets soldered to the to the corners of bands C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
Bracket slot size slot size was 22 x 18
Same bracket on all teeth
U
T
S
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
That’s why bends were given to compensate for difference in tooth anatomy.
4/4/2017
18
Bends in Standard Edgewise M
O
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
1stt or 1s orde derr Be Bend nd OR in – out bend OR
19
facio – lingual bends bends M
O
This bend was given to com pensate for variat variation ion in the contour of labial surface of indiv idual idual teeth (differing tooth tooth width & buccolingual direction direction of teeth). C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
These bends are give n in horizontal or in the plane of arch wire. U
T
S
Can be given in rectangular or round wire
2nd order bend/ tip bends/ artistic positioning
20
bends M
O
C .
These bends wereof were given given a chieve proper proper mesiodistal root position or tilting teeth.to achieve A
M
A
N
Y
D
They
are given in vertical plane U
T
S
Can
be given in rectangular or round wire.
21
3rd order bends/ torque bends M
O
These bends are given given only in rectangular wire. wire. C
.
A
M
A
These bends are made made by twisting the wire and and is inserted into bracket slot so that is can is can exert Bucco lingual f orce orce on the root apex. N
Y
D
U
T
S
These bends weremovement given for moving the roots faciallyteeth. or lingually and also to avoid of properly properly positioned
22
Orthodontic Bends
M
O
C .
A
a) 1st
order bend
M
A
N
Y
nd
b) 2
D
order bend
U
T
S
c)
3rd order bend
“
23
Straight Strai ght wire Edge Edge M
O
C
Appliance .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
”
24
Straight wire edgewise appliance M
O
They are modern edgewise edgewise appliances
C .
A
M
A
In these appliance ro rotation tation is not controlled by by separate ligature but N
Y
D
it is built in the bracket bracket itself i tself.. U
T
S
Bracket slot size is available in two forms;
18 x 28 mills & 22 x 28 mill slot size.
25
Straight wire edgewise appliance M
O
Different brackets for diff erent erent teeth.
C .
A
This thing eliminated the b ends ends which were given in standard edgewise. edgewise. M
A
N
In these appliances no any any 1st order bend is given, instead, instead, comp ensation for the the Y
D
contour of labial surface of teeth is built into the base of bracket. U
T
S
In straight arch wire appliances, positioning of root is accomplished by proper angulation ang ulation of bracke t or bracket nd slot.
This thing decreased the need for 2
order bends.
26
Straight wire edgewise appliance M
O
C .
The
bracketare slots slots in in the to straight wire edgewise wire edgewise appliances inclined inclined compens compensate ate for proper inclination of facial facial surface, sur face, so that’ that’ss why 3rd order A
M
A
N
Y
D
bends are not given. given. U
T
S
27 Straight wire edgewise appliance
M
O
C .
A
Diagram (a) shows an edgewise edgewise nd bracket with a 2 order bend placed in the arch wire to achieve achieve the desired movement of tip.
M
A
N
Y
D
U
Diagram (b) shows a pre – adjusted bracket with tip built into in to the bracket slot.
T
S
28
Components of Fixed Appliances M
O
C .
Bands
Bonds/ Brackets Brackets A
M
A
N
Orthodo Or thodontic ntic Ad Adhesive Auxiliaries Y
D
U
T
Arch wires
S
29
M
O
C .
A
Orthodontic Orthodontic Bands
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
30
Orthodontic Bands M
O
These are the rings which which encircle the tooth & to which which buccal and/or lingual attachments are soldered soldered or welded. C
.
A
M
A
N
Before acid etching technique, technique, brackets were attached attached on bands which are Y
D
then cemented on tooth. tooth.
U
T
S
They are not used now days except only on molar teeth.
Indications Where Brackets Are Still Applied
31
On Bands M
O
Teeth that th at will receive heavy in intermittent termittent force;
Teeth with short clinical crowns C
.
A
maxillary 1 st molar in which fo rce maxillary rce is applied via headgear
M
A
N
Teeth with extensive restoration
Y
D
Teeth that tha t will need both labial labia l and lingual attachments
Bond stre ngth ngth is low on restorations.
U
T
S
Molar with both headgear and lingual arch tube.
Isolated lingual bracket.
De bonding from porcelain damages its appearance.
32
Rules of Banding
M
Bo nding in Contemporary Bonding Contemporary O
C
.
Orthodontics
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
33
Steps in Placement of Orthodontic Bands M
O
C .
Separation
A
M
A
N
Y
D
Fitting Cementation U
T
S
34
Separation M
O
Teeth must be separated before separated before banding, because tight tig ht inter proximal contacts make it impossible to properly properly seat a band. C
.
A
M
A
N
th e teeth apart is left in Principle of Separation; a device to force or wedge the Y
D
place long enough for initial initial tooth movement to occur, occur, so that the teeth are slightly separated by the appointment the appointment at which bands are bands are to be fitted. U
T
S
35
Methods of Separation M
O
C .
Separatin g
Springs
A
M
A
N
Y
D
Elastomer ic ic
doughnuts
S
Separators / U
T
36
Separating Springs M
O
They exert scissor action above above and below the contac t. t. C
.
A
M
Open the contact points within within 1 week. Should not be placed placed more than 1 week. A
N
Y
D
Easier to tolerate.
U
T
S
Disadvantages; these separators tend to become loose & fall out as they accomplish their purpose. R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
Method of Separation with Steel Separating Spring Spring
37
M
A.
The spring is grasped at the at the base.
O
C .
A
M
B.
The bent – over end of the longer leg is placed in lingual lin gual embrasure, and the spring is pulled open so the so the shorter leg can slip beneath beneath the contact. A
N
Y
D
U
T
C.
The spring in place, with the with the helix to the buccal.
D.
The spring can be removed most easily by squeezing the helix, forcing the legs apart.
S
Method of Separation with Steel Separating Spring Spring M
O
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
38
39
ELASTOMERIC SEPARATORS (DOUGHNUTS)) (DOUGHNUTS M
They surround the c ontact ontact point & squeeze the teet h apart. O
C
.
A
More difficult to inse rt rt but they are retained for long time time without fall. M
A
N
Y
D
Always use bright co lored lored elastomeric separators be cause cause they are radiolucent. U
T
S
They should be placed not more than 2 weeks.
Method of Separation with Elastomeric Ring
40
M
O
The elastomeric ring is placed over the beaks of a special pliers and stretched, stretche d, then C
.
A
one side is snapped through the contact contact and the pliers slipped out so that the the doughnut now surrounds the contact; C, M
A
N
Y
an alternative to the special pliers is is two two loops of dental floss, placed so they can they can be used to stretch the ring. D
U
T
The dental floss is snapped through the contact and the doughnut is pulled underneath the contact;
the doughnut is pulled upward, and the doughnut is snapped into position. At that point, the dental floss is removed.
S
Method of Separation with Elastomeric Ring M
O
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
41
42
Fitting the Bands M
O
C .
Maxillary Maxilla ry molar band placement placement
Mandibular molar molar band placement A
placed initially by hand pressu re re on the mesial & distal surfaces. After placement
Seated in itially itially with hand pressure on proximal proximal surfaces sur faces and then with with
Heavy biting force along the buccal but not lingual margins.
M
A
N
Y
D
pressure is applied on mesiob uccal uccal and distolingual surfaces. U
T
S
Final seating is with heavy biting force by patient on the distolingual corner cor ner..
43
Cementation of Molar Bands M
O
All interior surfaces of orthodontic band must be coated with cement before it is placed. C
.
A
M
A
Place a gloved finger over the top of the band when it is carried to place, to help in keeping keepi ng cement on the gingival aspect of of band. N
Y
D
U
T
Cement Materials;
Zinc phosphate
GIC Resin modified GIC
S
44
M
O
C .
A
Orthodontic Orthodontic Brackets
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
45
Brackets M
O
C .
They
are appliances that that are fixed to crown & mediate forces applied forces applied by A
M
A
N
Y
D
the arch wire & auxiliaries auxiliaries on tooth. U
T
S
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
46
Types of Brackets Brackets M
O
C
.
MATERIALS Cast or metal injected m olded olded stainless steel brackets
DESIGN A
M
Edgewise b racket/ racket/ straight wire
A
N
Y
Light wire a ppliance ppliance brackets/ tip edge
D
Titanium brackets
bracket
U
T
S
Cobalt chromium brackets
Self-ligating brackets
Ceramic brackets
Lingual brackets
47
Components of Brackets M
O
C
• 18 x 18 x 18 or
.
A
M
Wings N
A
Slots
Y
D
U
T
S
Mesh
Base
22 X 18
48
Bonding of Bracket M
O
Bonding is based on the mechanical mechanical locking of an adhesive to irregularities in the enamel surface of the tooth and to mechanical mechanical locks formed in the base of bracket.
C .
Bonding Materials in Orthodontics Orthodo ntics A
M
A
N
Y
Light cu red red bis – GMA resin ed or light cured Self-cur ed
D
Brackets are mechanically bonded bonded to tooth surface. Chemical bonded is avoided avoided because it will create problems in debonding of bracket U
T
S
compo sites sites GIC Less
decalcification because of fluoride release
Less
strength & greater chance of loos brackets
49
Types of Bonding Bracket M
O
C .
DIRECT BONDING
INDIRECT BONDING BONDING A
places the brackets on the the teeth individually at the chairside; chairside; and
M
A
N
Y
places the brackets brackets on study models in the laboratory laborat ory an and d these are transferred to the teeth using a positioning positioning tray. tray. it is used u sed when placing lingual fixed appliances. appliances.
D
Advantages; easier, faste r, r, less expensive U
Advantages
T
S
Disadvantage; no proper position of bracket
greater accuracy accuracy of bracket positioning
Disadvantage
extra cost and time
1)Cleaning the tooth surface, to remove any pellicle using a slow hand piece and prophy brush or cup;
1)Acid-etching the enamel surface using 37% unbuffered phosphoric acid for 20 – 30 seconds;
Washing and drying50 the tooth surface
M
O
C .
1)Placing unfilled primer on the etched area of the tooth;
Placing composite resin on the bracket base A
M
Positioning the bracket on the tooth crown
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
Cleaning up excess composite from around
Curing the composite, either chemically or
the bracket base
with a blue light source
Steps in Direct Bonding of Bracke Brackett
51
M
O
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
52
IN INDIRECT DIRECT BONDING M
O
C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
53
1)Brackets are placed precisely as desired on a cast of the teeth and held in place with a filled resin.
M
O
C .
After the brackets are cured in the the ideal position, a transfer tray is formed form ed from a vinyl polysiloxane putty A
M
A
The trays are removed from the from the working cast after soaking soaking in in warm water and trimmed N
Y
D
U
T
S
1)The teeth are isolated, etched, and a chemically cured two-paste resin is painted on the etched enamel and the brackets. Then, the transfer trays are inserted. D, After the resin has completely set, the trays are carefully removed, removed, leaving the brackets bonded to the teeth.
54
M
O
C .
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
55
M
O
C .
A
De Banding & De Bonding
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
56
Removal of Molar Band M
O
C .
Disto Distorr t
the band with force which will break t he he cement away f rom rom band & too th th and remove it . A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
57
Removal of Bracket M
O
When bracket is one of the following foll owing things happen;
Breakage b/w cement & brack et et (preferred)
Breakage within the cement m aterial aterial itself
C .
A
M
A
Breakage b/w enamel surface & cement (least desired) N
Y
D
U
The safest way to remove metal metal bracket is to distort the bracket base, base, which cause breakage b/w bracket & cement. T
S
This damages the bracket and it cannot be reused.
Ceramic R. SARANG SARANG - S -brackets HOTCHAND HOTC HANDANI ANIon removal damages the enamel because they break before bend.
4/4/2017
58
Prevention & Treatment of Enamel Prevention & Enamel “ Decalcifica Decalcification/White tion/White Spots after M
O
C .
Orthodontic Orthodont ic Tx.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
”
59
Prevention M
Fluoridated water & fluoride fluoride containing toothpaste O
C
.
A
0.05%
M
neutral sodium sodium fluoride rinse A
N
Y
D
Caries Prone patient; fl uoride uoride varnish application at 6-mont 6-month h interval U
T
S
Chlorhexidine mouthwash for 14 days.
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
Remineralization Therapy
60 External Bleaching Bleaching M
O
C .
Micro Mi cro Abrasion
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
Veneers
Characteristics of Contemporary Brackets – CERAMIC BRACKETS BRACKETS M
O
C .
Durable, resist staining, staining, dimensionally stable stable A
M
A
Types of ceramic ceramic bracket based on the material; material; N
Y
D
Polycrystalline a lumina lumina lumina with metal slot Polycrystalline a lumina
U
T
S
Monocrystalline alumina
61
62
Problems with Ceramic Brackets M
O
Fracture of bracket
Enamel dama ge ge on bracket removal C
.
A
M
Friction within bracket slo t t
Chemical bon ding ding which is strong, mechanical bo nding nding difficult in ceramic bracket.
Brittle, that’s w hy hy they are made bulky and act as wide bracket. (effects of wide bracket learnt in 9 th chapter)
A
N
Y
D
Attrition on teeth contac ting ting the bracket U
That’s why mostly placed placed on upper teeth only. T
S
63
M
O
C .
A
M
Straight Wire Wire Concept Concept in Bracket Bracket A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
64
Straight Wire Concept in Bracket M
O
st
C .
Compensation for 1 order bends;
A
M
For anterior teeth and premolars, premolars, changing the bracket thickness thickness eliminate in – out ben ds ds in anterior portion of ar ch ch wire. But molar tube on molar bend should be offset position to prevent N
Y
D
U
T
S
molar rotation.
A
65
Straight Wire Concept in Bracket M
O
C .
Because for sit goo good occlusion, susion. urface of molar must atdan at angle to the l inebuccal line of occlusion. occlsurface A
M
Mesio buccal cu sp sp more prominent A
N
Y
D
U
That’s why the tube tube on the molar band should should be at least 10 degree offset for maxillary molar. T
S
On mandibular molar it should be 5 – 7 degrees.
66
Straight Wire Concept in Bracket M
O
A distal inclination inclination or tip of the maxillary first molar is important important for proper posterior occlusal interdigitating. interdigitating. If the mesiobuccal cusp occludes occludes in the mesial groove of the mandibular f irst irst molar molar,, creating an apparently ideal ideal Class I relationship, proper interdigitating interdigitatin g of the premolars still cannot be obtained if the molar is positioned too upright C
.
A
M
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
Tipping the molar distally allows the premolars to interdigitate properly
67
Self Ligating Brackets M
O
In
this ligatures are are not needed for holding holding wire, but the mechanism mechanism for
C
Types of self self – ligating brackets; .
A
Springy l atching atching cap
M
A
Smart clip Smart clip system
N
Y
Springy r etaining etaining clips
D
Innovation system Innovation Speed system system Speed
retention wire is iss.built within theofbrackets. bracket U
T
S
Rigid latching caps
Damon system
68
M
O
C .
A
M
Archwires
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
69
Orthodontic Archwires M
O
During initial alignment phase; phase;
C .
NiTi wire
Stainless steel wire
Coaxial wire
A
M
A
N
Y
D
To complete the process of levelling, le velling, beginning of overbite reduct reduction, ion, sliding of teeth along arch wire; U
T
S
Round Stainless steel wire
Arch wires during the later stages of overbite reduction and for space closure;
Rectangular stainless steel wir
70
Orthodontic Archwires M
O
C
.
NiTi wire is ideal for aligning for aligning teeth during initial initial stages of Tx. A
However, for later st ages, ages, space closure & overbit e reduction, NiTi cannot be used. M
A
N
Y
D
U
In the initial stages of of treatment, a wire which is which is flexible with good resistance to permanent deformation is desirable, so that displaced teeth can be aligned without the application of excessive forces. T
S
71
Orthodontic Archwires M
O
Initial Alignment (minimum stiffness, maximum range) C
.
Ni-Ti wire
Multi-stranded wires
A
M
A
N
Y
D
Mid Treatmen Treatmentt
U
(Series of working wires with with increasing stiffness and reduced range) rang e) T
S
Finishing & Detailing
(Maximum Stiffness, snuggly fit rectangular wire)
R. SARANG SARANG - S - HOTC HOTCHAND HANDANI ANI
4/4/2017
72
M
O
C
.
A
M
Auxiliaries
A
N
Y
D
U
T
S
73
Auxiliaries M
O
They are used to apply active forces active forces for space opening or closure.
C
Types .
A
M
A
Elastic materials can be used for intra-arch (intra-maxillary) space closure, closure, and springs constructed from stainless steel steel or nickel titanium can be used for space space opening. Y
N
of Auxiliaries; of
Elastic
bands Wire li gatures gatures
D
U
T
S
Intra
o ral ral elastics Palatal or lingual arches Coiled springs Power chains
74
Problems with Fixed Appliances M
O
C
Pain
.
A
M
Tooth mobili mobility ty
A
N
Y
D
Mucosal trauma
U
T
S
Orthodontic wax can be used to cushion the wire
Bracket failure
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