OpenSees Super Tall Building

Linlin Xie @ Tsinghua University

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Yuli Huang @ Arup

Xinzheng Lu @ Tsinghua University

Numerical Simulation of Super Tall Buildings Based on OpenSees

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Examples

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From National Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Large Scale Computing

Modeling Complicated Structures

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Element Model for Shear Walls/Core Tubes

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Simulation Super-Tall Buildings with OpenSees

Challenge:

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Initiative:

Introduction

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Examples

64-bit Version and Selection of Analysis Domain

Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Examples

Selection of Analysis Domain and 64-bit Version

Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

Outline

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64-bit Version and Selection of Analysis Domain

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

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Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

Outline

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Outline

Coupled Bending-shear

Coupled in-plane/out-of-plane Bending and in-plane Direct Shear

Composite Material Mechanics

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

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Features

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 Dε ' 1−D2 e c

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

($epsc0, $fc)

1−D1

σc ' =

$epstu

Strain

Tension: Mazars model

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($epscu, $fcu)

Compression: Løland model

$ft

Damage mechanism and smeared crack

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A very simple concrete model

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2D plane stress constitutive model

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nDMaterial Concrete

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Multi-layer Shell Element

Stress

D

c ire

n tio

of

st fir

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Shell MITC4

Multi-layer Shell Element „

Absolute depth of each layer

Multi-layer shell element

section LayeredShell

Poisson ratio &

p

pa ci rin

la

s xi

Modulus of concrete

nDMaterial PlateFromPlaneStress

nDMaterial PlaneStressUserMaterial

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

nDMaterial PlateRebar

Angle of reinforcement layer

Framework of the element

uniaxialMaterial Steel01/Steel02/…

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Multi-layer Shell Element

-15

-15

-10

-5

-5

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

0

5

5

10

15

15

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Shell Fiber Test

-20

-10

-10

-5

-150

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

0

-100 0

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

10

5

20

10

Shell Test

Shell Fiber Test

30

15

Shell

Embedded frame

Fiber frame

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Embedded beam elements to connect fiber beam elements and multi-layer shear wall elements

Multi-layer shell elements for shear walls and coupling beams

Fiber beam elements for beams and columns

Modeling technology

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-15

20 -30

Shell Fiber Test

25

H/W=1.0

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

-20

-25

H/W=2.0

Validation with Experiments

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Examples

64-bit Version and Selection of Analysis Domain

Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

The models in MSC.Marc can be found in Collapse simulation of reinforced concrete high-rise building induced by extreme earthquakes, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 2013, 42(5): 705-723.

(*.t19 file)

Results

Multi-layer shell

Multi-layer shell (Shell 75)

GUI Postprocess

Fiber beam

Fiber beam (THUFiber)

(*.dat file)

GUI Preprocess

Pre-/Post- Process

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Outline

Examples

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Maximum thread memory size > 28 GB

SuperLU SOE: Failed

Mumps: Failed

UmfPack SOE: Works but Slow

SparseSYM SOE: Feasible

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

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ProfileSPD SOE: Failed

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Profile SPD: Feasible

Band Arpack : Failed

Symmetric Arpack: Failed

Transformation : Feasible „

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Penalty: Failed

Lagrange: Failed

Plain: Failed

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Constraints

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BandSPD SOE: Failed

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Eigen solver

BandGeneral SOE: Failed

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Matrix solver

Selection of Analysis Domain

DOF>300,000

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Recompile OpenSees.exe in 64-bit environment

Nodes> 53,000; Elements >88,000

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Model size:

Selection of Analysis Domain

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64-bit Version and Selection of Analysis Domain

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

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Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

64-bit Version

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Outline

64-bit Version and Selection of Analysis Domain

Examples

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8,469 nodes

9,744 fiber elements

4,707 shell elements

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Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

H=141.8m, 42 stories

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TBI Building 2

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Modeling Technology and Pre-/Post- Process

Multi-layer Shell Element and nDMaterial Concrete

Introduction

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„ 4724

5867

3

1295

5867

914

4

5 4724

6

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 4724

2

Column 柱 1

1

3 5867

2

Column 柱 2

10363

2050

5867

3

Column 柱 3

1566

4 5867

1

beam 梁 1

5

Chinese Design

5867

5.4964×104

Gravity（ton）

4724

6

0%

1.1%

0.06%

1.3%

Relative Error

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

5.4964×104

0.890

0.900 T3（Torsion）

1.815 1.579

1.791 1.580

OpenSees T1（X translation）

Marc

Gravity and vibration period

T2（Y translation ）

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5867

US Design

7544

5867

15240

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

2

TBI Building 2

1

TBI Building 2

5334

Outline

3048 1600 1600 3048

7010 7010 4572 7010 7010

1670 2500

7010 9296 9296 7010

F

E

B

A

Top disp/m

Top disp/m

0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.1 -0.15 -0.2

-0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0

0

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1

1.5

2

2.5

0

1

1.5

OpenSees

Drift angle/%

0.5

Pushover

Marc

Time/s

40

Time/s

PGA=300gal

40

PGA=110gal

60

60

Marc

80

80

100

OpenSees

100

OpenSees

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0

0

0.1

0.15

Drift angle/%

0.05

Marc OpenSees PGA=300gal

Drift angle/%

0.2

0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08

Marc OpenSees PGA=110gal

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

20

20

Chi-Chi

Marc

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Top disp/mm

0

0.5

20 15

30 25

40 35

45

0

0

OpenSees

10 5

Marc

Floor

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

Static Pushover

TBI Building 2

Total base shear force/kN

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Floor

Floor

2

El-Centro：1000gal Northridge：1000gal

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0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4

0.6 0.45 0.3 0.15 0 -0.15 -0.3 -0.45 -0.6

0

0

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Time/s

40 Time/s

PGA=1000gal

40

PGA=510gal

60

60

Marc

80

80

100

OpenSees

100

OpenSees

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0

0

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.6 Drift angle/%

0.2

Marc OpenSees PGA=1000gal

Drift angle/%

0.1

Marc OpenSees PGA=510gal

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

20

20

Chi-Chi Marc

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Chi-Chi：110gal、300gal、510gal &1000gal

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Nonlinear time history analysis

TBI Building 2

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TBI Building 2

Top disp/m

Top disp/m

TBI Building 2

Floor Floor

0.8

0.4

2.8 2.1 1.4 0.7 0 -0.7 -1.4 -2.1 -2.8

Top disp/m

Top disp/m

0

0

10

10

20

15

20

Time/s

25

30

30

35

Marc

35

45

40

45

OpenSees

40

OpenSees 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

1.061

1.051

4.90894×105

T3（Torsion）

Gravity（ton）

0

0

Marc

OpenSees

1

1.5

OpenSees

1.5

2.25

Drift angle/%

0.75

2

0%

0.95%

1.06%

1.33%

Relative Error

3

Northridge PGA=1000gal

Marc

Drift angle/%

0.5

El-Centro PGA=1000gal

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

4.90894×105

3.3290

3.2940

T2（Y translation ）

4.9261

OpenSees

4.9925

Marc

Gravity and vibration period

T1（X translation）

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Time/s

25

Northridge PGA=1000gal

15

Marc

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

5

5

El-Centro PGA=1000gal

El-Centro & Northridge

Fortune Plaza

1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2

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Floor

Floor

46,028 nodes 31,556 fiber elements 37,160 shell elements

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1.6 1.2 0.8 0.4 0 -0.4 -0.8 -1.2 -1.6 0

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10 Time/s

15

Marc

20

OpenSees

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0

Marc

0.2

0.4

0.6 Drift angle/%

0.8

OpenSees El-centro PGA=1000gal

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

5

El-centro PGA=1000gal

Nonlinear time history analysis

Fortune Plaza

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

H=315.47m, 62 stories

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Fortune Plaza

Top disp/m

TBI Building 2

Story

53,006 Nodes

48,774 fiber beam elements

39,315 Multi-layer shell elements

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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

-1.2

-0.8

0

-0.4 0

0

0.4

0.8

1.2

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0.1

0.15 0.2 Drift angle/%

PGA=400gal

Time/s

20

0.25

OpenSees

30

0.3

OpenSees

0.35

Marc

40

Marc

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

0.05

10

PGA=400gal

Time history analysis

Shanghai Tower

H=632m, 121 stories

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Shanghai Tower

Disp/m

Story

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0%

4.6847 5.10738×105

4.7916

T3（Torsion）

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Thanks!

Download URL: http://www.luxinzheng.net/download/OpenSeesTHU.zip

Gravity（ton） 5.10738×105

2.23%

9.4518

9.5511

T2（Y ）

1.04%

9.5238

1.33%

Relative Error

9.6525

OpenSees

T1（X ）

Marc

Gravity and vibration period

Shanghai Tower