Open World WB Answers Audioscripts

September 17, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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C  \ \  @ @    H H      O  I T T    C C    ^  GHZ^@T GHO GPOMCZJTM\_ GPOMCZJTM\_Z  Z 

J7  GOQGHJ@O ^CTEDCCE ^M_K GHZ^@TZ wmtk Guomc Ocwhicgo

   

GHZ^@T E@]  Z_GT_@T PHM_ NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

 Fckgh Zg``o  Fui`s  Fckgh  Fui`s Zg``o

7 4 : ? 0 1

@x`rjms` 4

Zg``o 

M ﬇rst kgo  grrmv`o k`r` wmtk by pgr`hts wk`h M wgs `mnkt. M  wgs r`giiy wcrrm`o gdcut imvmhn imvmhn mh g h`w jcuhtry jcuhtry,, `sp`jmgiiy gs M wgsh”t ehcwmhn omoh”t ehcw  tk`  tk` ighnugn` gt gii. Hct g wcro!M scch omsjcv`r`o tkgt mt kgo d``h wgs  mbpcssmdi` tc bge` arm`hos  wmtkcut d`mhn gdi` tc jkgt tc tk`b mh ghy wgy, sc M kgo d``h acrjmhn  acrj`o bys`ia tc oc mt, `v`h tkcunk M jcuioh”t n`t by mo`gs gjrcss gt gii. Dut M bgo` scb` gbgzmhn arm`hos. Iccemhn dgje, tk` d`st tkmhn gdcut mt  wgs kcw bujk tk`y k`ip`o b` ‚ M kgo h`v`r  kgv` h`v`r  r`nr`tt`o puskmhn bys`ia cut ca by jcbacrt zch`. Fui`s 

Dy tk` tmb` M i`at sjkcci, M wgs wgs   kgo d``h stuoymhn @hnimsk acr gdcut smx y`grs, ch gho caa, dut hct wmtk ghy r`gi mht`r`st. _c t`ii ycu tk` trutk, M icce`o    wgs iccemhn acrwgro tc h`v`r sgymhn ghctk`r wcro mh @hnimsk. _kgt subb`r, M w`ht ch kcimogy wmtk by stgy`o/w`r` pgr`hts, gho  w` kgo stgy`o  stgymhn mh tk` sgb` kct`i gs tkms Zjcttmsk agbmiy. _k` sch, Hmn`i, wgs gdcut by gn`. M kgo h`v`r b`t  ghych`  ghych` ime` kmb d`acr`, k` wgs sc cp`h tc gov`htur` gho kgo sujk g ar`` spmrmt. M sp`ht sc bujk tmb` tgiemhn tc kmb gdcut ima`, gho  wkgt w` dctk kgo kcp`o   kcp`o/w`r` kcpmhn tc n`t arcb mt, M o`jmo`o tk`r` gho tk`h tc bcv` tc Zjctigho.

Fckgh

QCJGDPIGT]

T@GOMHN

By pgr`hts w`r` r`giiy wghtmhn   r `giiy `giiy wght`o b` tc n`t d`tt`r gt @hnimsk sc M jcuio d`jcb` mhvciv`o tk`mr dusmh`ss. M r`nmst`r`o acr gh chimh` jcurs` gho mbb`omgt`iy wgs n`ttmhn   nct tc wcre ch by h`w ighnugn` semiis. Zcch, by pgr`hts tcce b` tc g b``tmhn  wmtk gh Gustrgimgh Gustrgimgh dusmh`ssbgh dusmh`ssbgh  wkc kgs d``h  d``h kgo d``h   wcremhn wmtk cur jcbpghy jcbpghy acr s`v`rgi y`grs. M jcuioh”t uho`rstgho g wcro, dut eh`w mbb`omgt`iy tkgt M kgv` d``h ﬇homhn  wgs  wgs ﬇homhn mt sc oma﬇juit tc n`t wkgt k` wgs sgymhn d`jgus` M kgo h`v`r  wrmtt`h ghytkmhn ocwh ourmhn ourmhn by jcurs`, hct g smhni` wcro ca  vcjgduigry. M kgo  kgv`  mbprcv`o smhj` tk`h, cdvmcusiy!

7 4

@x`rjms` 7

@x`rjms` :

7  wmii d`jcb` mhjr`gsmhniy mhjr`gsmhniy 4

dusm`r  gb kcp`auiiy k`gomhn cv`r 

:

?

@x`rjms` ?

7

4

:

?

0

G  M”M”o o icv` tc jcb` tc ycur

pgrty, dut M”b hct sur` ma M jgh. M”b i`ttmhn M”ii i`t ycu ehcw tcbcrrcw. O   Bgreus sgys tkgt k`”i k`”iii d` k`r` gt ﬇v`, uhi`ss tk` trga﬇j ms ncmhn tc d` or`goaui. @   Kgv` ycu k`gro gdcut tkgt gbgzmhn h`w r`stgurght mh tcwh3 ^` nc ^`”  ^`”r` r` ncmhn  gt tk`  w``e`ho. J  Zuem   Zuem wmii kgv` kgs/ kgs nct k`r ormvmhn t`st gt 77.



= ✚ 7< _kgt wgs g wcho`raui

b`gi ‚ tk`M”ojk`a aghtgstmj! icv`mstc n`t tk` r`jmp` acr by bgmh jcurs`. 77 74

✚ ✚

Z\@GEMHN

@x`rjms` 4

7 O 4  G : J ? 0

D J

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

omsr`ngro`o jchj`mvgdi` auhogb`htgiiy  mhvciv`o r`igtmv`iy  jchv`y  mhstghtgh`cus mhomsputgdiy/hc ocudt 

IMZ_@HMHN @x`rjms` 7

7  G  4 J : D ? D 0  G  1 J @x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` 7/4

7 Ime` wkgt3 4 M ehcw wkgt ycu b`gh. : B` h`mtk`r. ?  ^kgt g hmnktbgr`! hmnktbgr`! 0 _kgt bust kgv` d``h

7 tgii cro`r  4 mbb`rs` ycurs`ia  : bcr` cat`h tkgh hct  ? r`giiy tcce caa  0 cut icuo 1  wcro-p`ra`jt 

arustrgtmhn 1  ]cu” ”r` sc iujey! >  ]cu @xgjtiy! @x`rjms` :

 GZEMHN  GZE MHN ACT ACT @[\T@ZZMHN @[\T@ZZMHN  GNT@@B@H_  GNT@@B@ H_/  /  BCT@ O@_GMI   GH @BC_ @BC_MCHGI MCHGI T@Z\CHZ@  JCB\T@K@HZMCH 

Hc wgy!  ^kgt g hmnktbgr`! hmnktbgr`!  ]cu””r` kgvmhn b`  ]cu ch!  ]cu””r` sc iujey!  ]cu

_kgt”s tru`.  ^ky”ss tkgt3  ^ky” M ehcw wkgt ycu Ime` wkgt3 b`gh. T`giiy3 B` h`mtk`r. _kgt scuhos gbgzmhn. _kgt bust kgv` d``h arustrgtmhn. @xgjtiy. B` tcc!



7 J 4  G  : D ? O

@x`rjms` :



By t`gjk`r tcio b` M  wgs ch` ca tk` bcst cpmhmchgt`o stuo`hts sk` kgo `v`r kgo. M tcce mt gs g jcbpimb`ht. ; Hcw tkgt tk` rgmh kgs ﬇hgiiy stcpp`o, M”b a``imhn gitcn`tk`r   bcr` cptmbmstmj cptmbmstmj tkgh M wgs  y`st`rogy..  y`st`rogy

: tk` ﬇ib stgrts gt `mnkt tkmrty  ?  w` wmii bge` bge` sur` ycu

stgy ch 0 susp`jt mt ms ncmhn tc n`t agr wcrs` 1  wmii ycu d` mhvmtmhn mhvmtmhn `v`rych`



 

^TM_MHN

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 :

@x`rjms` 7

Acrbgi

Mhacrbgi  

uitmbgt`iy  g nr`gt hubd`r ca  dy wgy ca `xgbpi` `htmr`iy jchaus`o agr bcr` o`bghomhn agr sup`rmcr  kun` mhfflu`hj` mt ms imtti` wcho`r 

gat`r gii icgos gho icgos ca  M b`gh tctgiiy dgaffl`o bujk kgro`r  sc bujk d`tt`r bgssmv` `aa`jt  mt”s hc nr`gt skcje

@x`rjms` 4

_`xt G 7 tctgiiy dgaffl`o 4 M b`gh : icgos gho icgos ca  ? mt”s hc nr`gt skcje 0  Gat`r gii 1 bujk kgro`r  > sc bujk d`tt`r ; bgssmv` `aa`jt  _`xt D  7 uitmbgt`iy 4 agr sup`rmcr : ? 0 1 > ;

agr bcr` o`bghomhn mt ms imtti` wcho`r  Dy wgy ca `xgbpi` g nr`gt hubd`r ca  `htmr`iy jchaus`o kun` mhfflu`hj`

PHM_ 7

NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

7  ^cuio  ^cuio 4 gr`h”t tk`y3 : ma ycu ?  ^cu  ^cuioh” ioh”tt mt kgv` d``h 0 1  wkmjk  wcuioh”tt mt3  wcuioh” @x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

﬇hmskmhn cur igst y`gr gt sjkcci tcn`tk`r. (@) tc i`gv` tk` t`gb. (G) nc tc tk` jchj`rt ch Zgturogy ch by cwh. (A) s`homhn tkgt ghnry t`xt tc kms drctk`r. (O) `hfcymhn ima` wmtk r`gi p`cpi` gngmh. (D) k`ipmhn kmb cut wmtk kms skcppmhn. (K) tgemhn tk`b tc tk` jmh`bg

? 0 1

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ 0 7 4

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0

hgrrcw-bmho`o, hgrrcwbmho`oh`ss kubdi`, kubmimty  s`i﬇sk, s`i﬇skh`ss jchsjm`htmcus, jchsjm`htmcush`ss r`sti`ss, r`sti`ssh`ss

PH- 

gpprcgjkgdi` dmgs`o ime`gdi` pr`fuomj`o MH- 

jcbp`t`ht  ffl`xmdi` smhj`r` tci`rght  OMZ- 

icygi cd`om`ht  pgssmchgt` pgtm`ht  pcimt`

:

?

@x`rjms` 4

MB- 

MT- 

rgtmchgi r`spchsmdi`

tc goo mhsuit tc mhfury  pci`s gpgrt nct g jkmp ch kms skcuio`r  nct ch wmtk tk`b ime` g kcus` ch ﬇r` mh by pgr`hts” dgo dcces r`ouj`o tc t`grs

O (o`v`icpb`ht) D (Mhtc tk` suppcs`o vcmo kgv` st`pp`o g sbgiidut-nrcwmhn dut-nrcwm hn dgho ca `htr`pr`h`urs …) O (T`htgpgi prcvmo`s b`bd`rs wmtk g trm`ogho-t`st`o grrgy ca ﬇it`r cptmchs, sujk gs p`rschgimty typ`, gn`, gho sc ch, mh tk`mr qu`st tc ﬇ho hch-rcbghtmj jcbpghmchskmp.) J (… gs Bguo` jcioiy `xpigmhs, ms tkgt bghy ca tk` p`cpi` wkc `hngn`

Z\@GEMHN \GT_ 7 @x`rjms` 7

Zp`gemhn \grt 7 qu`stmchs acjus ch tk` jghomogt`, tk`mr mht`r`sts gho `xp`rm`hj`s, pighs acr tk` autur`, gho sc ch. Wu`stmchs D gho A gr` bcr` ime`iy tc gpp`gr mh \grt ? wkmjk acjus`s ch bcr` gdstrgjt qu`stmchs gdcut tk` wcrio mh n`h`rgi. Wu`stmch O ms gho uhime`iy d`jgus` mt ms tcc dgsmj hct r`i`vght tc ﬇homhn cut gdcut tk` jghomogt`. @x`rjms` 4

7  G  4 @ : J

k`r s`rvmj`s mbb`omgt`iy jcb` tc s`` k`r gs g n`humh` arm`ho gat`r tk` ﬇rst b``tmhn. Gt wkmjk pcmht, ’smhj` tk`y och”t  wght tc pgy b` acr ghy ghy bcr` ca by tmb`, M stcp s``mhn tk`b, kcw`v`r bujk M bmnkt `hfcy tk`mr jcbpghy.‒) 0 O (… k` cv`ricces tk` cdvmcus mrchy tkgt `hngnmhn tk` s`rvmj`s ca kms w`dsmt` r`qumr`s tk`  v`ry sjr``h tmb` k` sc strmo`htiy jrmtmjms`s. ]`t, o`spmt` kms scb`wkgt miijchj`mv`o grnub`ht …) 1 O (_k`mr vm`ws bgy h`v`r d` r`jchjmi`o d`jgus`, gt tk` rcct ca tk` bgtt`r, mt ms gii sc oma﬇juit tc pmh ocwh.)

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1

mhjcbp`t`ht  mrrgtmchgi omscd`om`ht  uhdmgs`o mrr`spchsmdi` uhgpprcgjkgdi`

acr g a`wgdcut y`grswkgt y`t. k` (N) tc k`gr kgo och` smhj` tk`y igst b`t. (J)

GHZ^@T E@] 



   

@x`rjms` :

OC _K@ JGHOMOG_@Z …

jcrr`jtiy r`spcho tc tk` qu`stmch d`mhn gse`o3 us` kmnk`r i`v`i vcjgduigry/nrgbbgr3 prcouj` gh ghsw`r ca gh gpprcprmgt` i`hntk acr \grt 73 73 @x`rjms` ?

Mt wcuio o`p`ho `htmr`iy ch tk` jcht`xt

7 4

M”b hct `xgjtiy g scjmgi dutt`rffly g duzzmhn v`hu` pgje`o cut wmtk ncco pgis M”M”b b gs numity gs `v`rych` `is` ca cv`rus` Mt o`﬇hmt`iy kgs mts jrmtmjs M wcuioh”t h`j`ssgrmiy nc gichn wmtk tkgt 

: ? 0 1

PHM_ 4

NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

Zgoiy  Ch tk` wkci` Ar`qu`htiy/_ypmjgiiy  Acrtuhgt`iy  D`smo`s Zur`iy/Phqu`stmchgdiy 

7 4 : ? 0 1

@x`rjms` 4

imtti` pi`hty  ghctk`r  _k` wkci` h`mtk`r dctk

7 4 : ? 0 1

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 trgje  4 r`v`rs`o :  wr`je ? omv`rsmch 0 dcgro @x`rjms` 4

7 D 4 D : O ? J 0  G  1 J > D

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4

JGHOMOG_@ 4 

JGHOMOG_@ : 







 ✞







 ✞

 ✞

(tcc skcrt)

(tcc ichn)

PHM_ :

@x`rjms` 4

7

dy wgy ca gpcicny acr

NTGBBGT

7  wgst`o/  wgst`o/tcce tcce hc tmb`

4 : ? 0 1

mh ca gt tk` tk` vmjmhmty d`st ca tmb`s cut ca s`gsch Mh r`trcsp`jt  ch mbpuis`

@x`rjms` 7

4 : ?

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ :

7 4 :

J (Dut w` w`r` o`sp`rgt` tc prcichn cur ar``ocb d`acr` tymhn curs`iv`s ocwh tc g jgr``r gho trgv`iimhn s``b`o ime` tk` mo`gi wgy tc oc tkgt) 4 D :  G  ? O

?

0 J 1  G 

7 4 : ? 0 1

7

^TM_MHN \GT_ 76 @ZZG] @x`rjms` 7

 G D J O @ A N K M F E

>  7 ; 7? 7< : 74 77 7: ? 0

@x`rjms` 4

K M F

tk`mr  kgv` d``h usmhn tk` ca  uhagbmimgrr juiturgi jcht`xts uhagbmimg semiis `htmr`iy/jcbpi`t`iy/auiiy/ tctgiiy cp`h mbpr`ssmchgdi` kgs d`jcb` tc sp`ho

E

pgr`hts, ycuhn

 G D J O @ A N

@x`rjms` :

\grgnrgpk G. \grgnrgpk D tgies gdcut g tkmro wgy sc mt ms hct ghsw`rmhn tk` qu`stmch wkmjk gses ycu yc omsjuss twc wgys. ? 

JGHOMOG_@ 7

0 1 > ;

bys`ia (b`). tk` ctk`r `gjk ctk`r/ch` ghctk`r …M”v` d``h gppiymhn bys`ia acr … … tk`y caa`r`o kmb  r`tmr`b`ht kmb …

1

✚ ✚

… swmtjk b` caa gho r`igx. … mh jcbp`tmtmch wmtk `gjk/ch` ghctk`r …

@x`rjms` 4

gs scch gs Zuppcsmhn uhi`ss Mh jgs` prcvmo`o ctk`rwms`

@x`rjms` :

d`, kgoh”t d``h mhv`ht`o turh, wcre nc dgje, caa`r`o kgoh”t/kgo hct h`ni`jt`o,  wcuio/bmnkt  wcuio/ bmnkt//jcuio kgv`/ ”v` hctmj`o 0 gr`h”t/w`r`h”t, gr`/wcuio 7 4 : ?

d`

1  wch”  wch”tt s``, i`ts

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

0

dr`ge `v`h `xp`homtur` cv`rorgat rmp-caa  gafflu`ht  squgho`r iujrgtmv` dgheruptjy gss`ts prcsp`rmty 

mh bgemhn bge`/`grh g imvmhn kgv` d``h pgmo (caa) sgmo/rubcur`o/d`im`v`o/ tkcunkt/gii`n`o tc bge` ochgtmchs pgymhn by arm`ho dgje / pgymhn dgje by arm`ho pgy acr tk` jcurs` mh mhstgib`hts

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 :

imvmhn kgho tc bcutk spigsk cut ch  bge` `hos b``t

? 0 1 > ;

tk` dghe  dr`ge tmnkt`h cur d`its   mh tk` r`o jcst tk` `grtk  imv` wmtkmh tk`mr b`ghs

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ : 7  wkciiy  4 jcuhti`ss : cutjcb` ? o`pr`ssmhniy  0 cv`rwcre`o 1 si``pi`ssh`ss > gdghochb`ht/ ;

gdghochmhn t`stmhn

Z\@GEMHN \GT_ : @x`rjms` 7

7 4 :

arm`hos icjgtmch gov`rtmsmhn

@x`rjms` 4

7 D6 Mh wkgt wgy3 4   G6 wkgt M”b n`ttmhn5 D6 : ? 0 1 >

uho`rstcco ycu jcrr`jtiy  G6 @xgjtiy, D6 tge` mssu`  wmtk ycu D6 M”b hct sur`, M aciicw D6 jcrr`jt b`, M”b wrchn  G6 Wumt`5 D6 M s`` ycur   G6 \r`jms`iy5 D6 M”b hct sur`, nc gichn wmtk

 

@x`rjms` :

JK@JEMHN PHO@TZ_GHOMHN

Jcrr`jt b` ma M”b wrchn Ma ycu ehcw wkgt M”b n`ttmhn gt Ma M”v` uho`rstcco ycu jcrr`jtiy

PHM_ ?

WP@Z_MCHMHN G QM@^\CMH_ 

JCHAMTBMHN PHO@TZ_GHOMHN

MH_TCOPJMHN G JCH_TGZ_MHN C\MHMCH  JCH_TGZ_MHN C\MHM CH 

Mh wkgt wgy3 M”b hct sur` ma M aciicw…

@xgjtiy. Wumt`. \r`jms`iy.

M bmnkt tge` mssu` wmtk ycu ch tkgt… M s`` ycur pcmht, dut… M”b hct sur` M”o nc gichn wmtk tkgt…

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` :

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA

7

@HNIMZK ; 7 O (Zmhj`\GT_ tk` prmhjmpgi



NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0 1 >

kgv` d``h o`strcy`o tc ghhcuhj` d` jchtmhum jc htmhumhn hn kgv` r`gims`o kgv` r`icjgt`o/ r`icjgt`o/d` d` r`icjgtmhn kgv` d``h imvmhn ms tc d`

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

put gsmo` jgii ch ji`gr up dgje`o up emii`o caa jgii ch put gsmo` emii`o caa dgje`o up ji`gr up

@x`rjms` :

7 : ? > ;

put tk`mr omaa`r`hj`s gsmo` ji`gr ghy r`bgmhmh r`bgmhmhnn qu`stmchs up dgje`o k`r jigmbs up put scb` bch`y gsmo` emii`o by o`smr` tc vmsmt caa 

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7< 77 74 7: 7?

jcbpuismv` vm`wmhn dmro ca pr`y   ✚ ✚

bcuhtgmh rghn`  ✚ ✚

bgrmh` bgbbgis omv`rsmty  ca  ca sp`jm`s  wcrio agbcus ✚

jcbp`iimhn jgs` acssmi au`is

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 :

a``i/kgv` a`it/wmii d` a``imhn r`im`v`o a``i/d` a``i/ d` a``imhn a ``imhn ghxmcus kgv` d``h a``imhn cptmbmstmj

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ ? 7 D 4 K : O ? A 0  G 1 K > A ; O

QCJGDPIGT]

= @ 7<  G 

@x`rjms` 7

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 T@\CT_

 Gjrcss  : gst`rcmo ? sgt`iimt` 1 pigh`t  > jch﬇h`o spgj`s = spgj` trgv`i 7< spgj` dgr  Ocwh 7 dr`gtkmhn spgj` 4 crdmt  0  wgst` ca spgj` ; gim`h

@x`rjms` 7

Cro`r6 J, D, G, O @x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1

tcce  jchausmch giicjgt`o jcbpigmht  h`nctmgt` o`imnkt`o

Phi`ssgr`qu`st`o dy g jim`ht, vmsmt tc Gigdgst`r Aigts skcuio d` gvcmo`o. 4 Dmhtghdrcce kcios nr`gt gpp`gi, prcvmomhn vmsmts cjjur ourmhn stcrby  w`gtk`r..  w`gtk`r : Autur` pgrth`rskmps skcuio d` bgo` wmtk tk` Dmhtgh Kct`i.

PHM_ 0 NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

Z`ht`hj`s 4, :, 0, 1 gho >  @x`rjms` 4

Z`ht`hj`s 4, : gho >  @x`rjms` :

7 dy wkmjk 4 h`mtk`r ca wkmjk :  wkcs` ? bghy ca wkcb 0 gdcut wkmjk 1  wk`r`/  wk`r`/mh mh wkmjk/gt wkmjk/gt wkmjk

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 cuthubd`r  4  w`ge`h`o : ? 0 1

dccst  kmho`r  agjmimtgt`o o`t`rmcrgt`

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 >

icn ch typmhn mh icje`o cut str`hntk`h kgje mhtc dgje up prmhtmhn cut

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4

acrbgt ms `mtk`r ca g jchv`rsgtmch d`tw``h twc cr tkr`` p`cpi` jkgttmhn tcn`tk`r, cr ca g bgmh hgrrgtcr tgiemhn omr`jtiy tc gh guom`hj` ca ch`, tk`r` ms g agbmimgrmty jr`gt`o tkgt sp`ges tc cur auhogb`htgi, mhhgt` o`smr` acr jics` mht`rp`rschgi jchtgjt.) 4 J (O`vct`o imst`h`rs s`grjk tk` mht`rh`t mh tk` kcp` ca uhjcv`rmhn tk` igt`st kmoo`h n`b, bujk mh tk` sgb` wgy gs aghs ca  vmhyi us`o tc fflmje fflmje tkrcunk tk` sk`iv`s ca r`jcro skcps.) :  G (Chiy wmtk tk` d`h`﬇t d `h`﬇t ca kmhosmnkt, jgh w` s`` tkgt sujj`ss wgs mh`vmtgdi` arcb tk` wcro nc.) ? O (Mho``o, scb` `htkusmgsts kgv` ghhcuhj`o tkgt tk`y gr` gir`goy turhmhn gwgy arcb tk` acrbgt, jcbpigmhmhn dmtt`riy gdcut tk` mhjr`gsmhn gbcuht ca gov`rtmsmhn tkgt kgs d`nuh tc jcrruptb`omub.) tkms chj`mhhcj`ht 0 D (_k` pcojgst”s rms` tc agb` chiy d`jgb` pcssmdi` gat`r tk` bcdmi` pkch` d`ngh mts trghsacrbgtmch arcb g jiuhey, uhscpkmstmjgt`o drmje wmtk imbmt`o auhjtmchgimty tc tk`  vmrtugi bmhm-jcbput`r bmhm-jcbput`r sbgrtpkch`s ca tcogy.) 1 D (… gho M us` tk`s`  wcros govms`oiy, govms`oiy, jcuhtmhn bys`ia gbchn tkgt hubd`r)

7 J 4 @ :  G  ? D 0 O GHZ^@T E@] 



   

J (Gh `bpkgsms ch

>

gov`rtmsmhn, tk` ghgiysms gov`rtmsmhn, ca tk` igt`st ogtg, ji`v`r pr`omjtmchs gdcut wkmjk gn` cr scjmgi nrcup tc tgrn`t h`xt, cat`h wmtk uhgskgb`oiy ﬇hghjmgi mht`ht,, kgs i`at tk`b cut ca mht`ht tcujk wmtk imst`h`rs.) ;  G (… gho mt ms `gsy tc s`` tk` r`gsch wky. ^kgt  wgs tk` pcmht ca ncmhn tc gii tkgt trcudi` ca puttmhn mt cut tk`r` wk`h ycur imst`h`rs jcuioh”t `v`h str`gb cr ocwhicgo mt3) = J (_k` nr`gt gpp`gi acr bghy ms tk` agjt tkgt pcojgst`rs gr` usugiiy p`cpi` wkc gr` `htmr`iy uhjchh`jt`o wmtk ghy scrt ca drcgojgstmhn cr b`omg jcbpghy.) 7< O (Gho y`t, gs wmtk gii b`omg pk`hcb`hg, tk` mh`vmtgdi` agii wmii jcb`5 j cb`5 p`rkgps w` kgv` gir`goy, uhehcwmhniy, kmt p`ge pcojgst.)

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

us`o tc  wcuio giicw`o tc jcuioh”t kgv`  wcuio kgv` d``h  wgs gdi` tc us`o tc bmnkt kgv` bmnkt hct kgv`  wcuioh”tt kgv`  wcuioh”

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0

skcuio h`v`r/h`v`r skcuio kgv` d``h ms uho`rstcco tc jcb`/ jcb`/tc tc kgv` jcb` ms gii`n`o tc kgv` cunkt tc kgv` nct  wgs suppcs`o tc d`/kgv` d`/kgv` d``h mhvmt`o

duhngicws o`bcimsk bge`cv`r  icat/gttmj tccis OM]  s`bm-o`tgjk`o kcus` kgiiwgy 

7 J 4  G  : A ? O

7 4 : ? 0

n`t mhtc emje caa 

seysjrgp`r  t`rrgj`o kcus` bghsmch j`iigr  buitm-stcry buitmstcry jgr pgre 

@x`rjms` :

7

bgo`, J

: up ? pmje turh ocwh 0 put cur k`gos tcn`tk`r  1 tm`o ocwh > n`t tcn`tk`r  ; f`t caa  =  wrgpp`o up

4 tc n`t, kgv` D :  wcuio och`, A och`, ? kgo, @ 0 kgo, O 1 bge`, G  > och`, N ; n`t/wmii n`t/ gr` tc n`t, K

PHM_ 1

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4

NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

7 h``o`o ﬇xmhn/tc d` ﬇x`o 4 kgo tc d` ﬇ii`o mh :  w`r` `xp`jt`o/d`mhn `xp`jt`o/d`mhn

`xp`jt`o tc gjkm`v` ?  wcuio d` gpprcv`o 0 n`ttmhn mt bgo` cv`r 



: ? 0 1 > ;

prgjtmjgimtm`s (uhmv`rsmty) uho`rnrgougt`s/stuo`hts zch`o tcn`tk`rh`ss A`o`rgi Omstrmjt  ﬇h`r pcmhts kguhtmhn prcbmh`ht 

Z\@GEMHN \GT_ 4 @x`rjms` 7

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` 4

7 4

7 4

@x`rjms` 7

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` :

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ 4

QCJGDPIGT]

Z`ht`hj`s G, J, O gho A

@x`rjms` 7

susp`hsmch drmon` `y` jgtjkmhn ﬇r` kgzgro orgwmhn dcgro `grtkquge`-prcca  dumiomhn dccb

Ztgt`b`ht 06 ]cu skcuio chiy o`sjrmd` twc ca tk` pmjtur`s.

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 @BGMI

7 4 : ? 0 1

trgfmscdrmon`stu`htt `grtk `grtk quge`ompukghorgwmhn  yucghni`m`htc﬇r`oh`h `refefdcgrokumqudccbgkm uhjccp`y`cctupsusp`hsmch spigjgtjkmhnaycuermnumctfk kgzgromch prccamtu`p dumiomhn umcpwuh

pmjtur` 7 pmjtur` : pmjtur` : ? pmjtur`s 7, 4 0 pmjtur` 7 1 pmjtur` 7 > pmjtur` 4 ; pmjtur` 4 = pmjtur` : 7< pmjtur` 4 7 4 :

@x`rjms` :

 ^cros gho pkrgs`s 7,  ^cros 7, 4, :, :, ?, 0, 1 gho = @x`rjms` ?

7 4 : ? 0 1 1

pr`subgdiy M tkmhe mt”s agmr tc sgy  M n`t tk` mbpr`ssmch M kgv` g a``imhn M”o mbgnmh` mt tc d` mt jcuio w`ii d` M susp`jt tkgt 

@x`rjms` 0

7 4 : ?

_k`y bgy fust kgv` grrmv`o / _k`y bgy kgv` fust grrmv`o _k`y bmnkt chiy kgv` bcv`o _k`y bmnkt kgv` nct dcr`o wmtk tk`mr imvmhn rccb _k`y bgy w`ii kgv` d``h n`ttmhn `xjmt`o

PHM_ >

NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

 ^kmi` uhmv`rsmtm` uhmv`rsmtm`ss w`r` hct acuho`o mh (7) tk` ^`st uhtmi (4) tk` Bmooi` Gn`s, tk`y omo mh agjt `xmst mh scb` pgrts ca  Gsmg mh ghjm`ht ghjm`ht tmb`s. Bcr` Bcr` sp`jm﬇jgiiy, ma ycu w`r` gimv` mh _gxmig ‚ icjgt`o mh (:) tk`  hcrtkw`st ca Mhomg ‚ grcuho (?) tk` y`gr ycut bgy  w`ii kgv` >) tk`  bco`rh-ogy `oujgtmch, sujk gs pkmicscpky, busmj gho sjm`hj` (;) tk` uhmv`rsmty wgs pgrtmjuigriy r`hcwh`o acr (=) g tk` igtt`r), gho tk`y d`ngh (7 ; =

bghgn`o  wcho`r`o/qu`rm`o/  wcho`r`o/ qu`rm`o/gse`o, gse`o, (kgo) b`ght  jch﬇rb`o, sk` kgo d``h / wgs tgiemhn, govms`o r`v`gi`o, kgo r`giiy ime`o, tkghe`o urn`o/govms`o, tc stgrt  wgtjkmhn prcbms`o, k` (o`﬇hmt`iy)  wcuio gssur`o, k` wcuio ﬇ho, goo`o/r`v`gi`o, kgo d``h gse`o/wcho`r`o/qu`rm`o,  wgs/kgo  wgs/ kgo d``h r`nr`tt`o wgtjkmhn / kgvmhn wgtjk`o / tkgt sk` kgo wgtjk`o

@x`rjms` :/?

@x`rjms` 4

Wu`stmch :6  7 D

7

4 O :  G 

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 \TC\CZGI @x`rjms` 7

 G D J

T`vm`w ca @xmstmhn Bgt`rmgis Igycut/Gvgmigdi` Zpgj` Ppogtmhn _`jkhcicny 

@x`rjms` 4

Zunn`st`o ghsw`rs6 7 Ma gii tk` dcces w`r`

omspcs`o ca, tkms/mt wcuio 4 : ? 0 1 >

;

hct h`j`ssgrmiy d` g ncco mo`g. rghocbiy s`i`jt`o bcst ar`qu`htiy dcrrcw`o (ch`s) _k`s` kgv` hct d``h suppim`o acr scb` tmb` hcw. Ma tk`y w`r` r`stcr`o tc tk` imdrgry, stuo`hts wcuio/ bgy/bmnkt bgy/ bmnkt d` d ` kgppm`r. kgp pm`r. (tk`y) skcuio (j`rtgmhiy) d` r`pigj`o Hct chiy wmii tkms `hsur` tkgt p`cpi` jgh stuoy bcr` `aa`jtmv`iy, (dut)

kmnkimnkts jgstmhn jcbb`htgry  sudtmti`s sjrmpt  jcht`stghts

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1

r`aus`o jigrmay  prcbctmhn put acrwgro r`gssur` bmsi`o

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 : ? 0 1

duttmhn mh d` jk``r`o ch ncmhn ch ms gii`n`o (kgo) cwh`o up mt wgs/d`mhn o``b`o

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ 7

Ma ycu wcuio kgv` kgo d``h emho `hcunk tc

7  G  4  G 

skcw b` tc by s`gt, M  wcuio kgv` d``h gdi` tc n`t jcbacrtgdi` d`acr` tk` ﬇ib stgrt`o.

: J ? D 0 D 1  G 

4 :



;



^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 \gjc wgs fust trymhn tc d` auhhy wk`h k` pcst`o tkgt T@QM@^ b`b`, dut gat`r tk` gwaui @x`rjms` 7 r`gjtmch k` nct, M d`t k`  wmsk`s k` omoh”t omoh”t kgoh”t  _mti` G ‚ ^kmi` D ms gisc hcw. pcssmdi`, G `hjcurgn`s tk` ? Jgh ycu pi`gs` r`bmho r`go`r tc wght tc r`go tk` Zmbchg tkgt M”b stmii r`vm`w dy pkrgsmhn tk` tmti` gs  wgmtmhn acr k`r k`r B`omg g qu`stmch. Ztuom`s kcb`wcre, jcuio skcuio/ma ycu kgpp`h tc @x`rjms` 4 s`` k`r.  G ? 0 ✚ D 1 1 ✚ J 7 >  ^kgt wcuio ycur jkcmj` jkcmj` O 4 kgv` d``h d`, ma ycu w`r` @ 0 gse`o wkgt ycur agvcurmt` A : str`gbmhn s`rvmj` ms hcw3 QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ?

ghgiysms pr`s`ht`r(s) jcrr`spcho`ht  jcv`rgn`

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1

oc ycur k`go mh scb`ch` wcuio kgv` tc pgy ycu tc wgtjk ehcws ycu mhsmo` cut  r`gp tk` r`wgros kgpp`h`o upch  vgst grrgy 

mtmhjr`gs`o wmii gisc ime`imkcco b`gh gh ca gttrgjtmhn g nr`gt`r hubd`r ca cur stuo`hts scb` ca wkcb GHZ^@T E@] 



   

PHM_ = NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

gt i`gst gs cp`h tc git`rhgtmv` ima`styi`s gs `gsmiy ch` ca tk` bcst r`jcnhmsgdi` pcp stgrs / ch` ca tk` bcst `gsmiy r`jcnhmsgdi` pcp stgrs dy agr tk` auii`st M kgv` `v`r d``h gs agsjmhgtmhn gs mt wgs acr by jigssbgt`s bcr` M omsjcv`r gdcut by, tk` e``h`r M d`jcb` mt wgs hct tk` d`st ca tmb`s tc nc g nr`gt o`gi arm`hoim`r tkgh

7 4

: ? 0 1 >

@x`rjms` 4

7 tkus 4 Zc gs tc : d`jgus` ca  ?  Gs g jchs`qu`hj` ca  0 Zmhj` 1 sc tkgt > ou` tc ; tk`r`acr`

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

gt g icss cut ca tk` cromhgry  dy hc b`ghs mh gmo ca  gt skcrt hctmj` uho`r tk` mbpr`ssmch mh e``pmhn wmtk cut ca tk` qu`stmch

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

@x`rjms` 4

i`n`hogry  grjkg`cicnmjgi bchub`htgi bytkcicny  sgjrm﬇j` rmtugiiy/rmtugimstmjgiiy  s`juigrmsgtmch/ s`juigrmzgtmch jcbb`bcrgtmv`

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ 4 7 D]  4 MH : CA ? KGQMHN 0  GH]  1 ATCB > \IGJ@/IM@P ; IME@

4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

hct d` ghy bcr` omaa`r`ht  sc o``p-rcct`o tkgt  hc bcr` vgimo tkgh gs ma tc sunn`st 

0

sujk g sujj`ssaui cp`hmhn  w``e`ho gs 1 ghy sw``t`r g scuho tkgh



N @ O A A K J @ N

1

`hfcymhn g 7?-y`gr jgr``r mh tk` HDG. @x`rjms` 4

7

4 : ?

@x`rjms` 7

0

4 >  0 ;

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

D  G   G  D  G  D  G  D

PHM_ 7<

NTGBBGT

k` wgs agr skcrt`r tkgh `v`rych` `is` ch tk` jcurt. Dcnu`s wgs chiy 7.1b tgii. _kms omo hct, kcw`v`r, stcp kmb CT _kms, kcw`v`r, omo hct stcp kmb CT  Kcw`v`r, tkms omo hct stcp kmb arcb

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 T@\CT_  G D J O

Dcnu`s sp`ht bghy sujj`ssaui y`grs pigymhn mh tk` HDG, gitkcunk/ tkcunk/`v`h tkcunk/` v`h tkcunk tkcun k 

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ ? 7 D

tk`r` ms g kun` o`nr`` ca kgho-tc-`y` jccromhgtmch mhvciv`o mh pigymhn ogrts sujk  ma ycu wght tc (oc mt) ghywk`r`, ycu (j`rtgmhiy) jgh oc mt ghywk`r` bgo` mt Mhtrcoujmhn mt tk` h`xt tmb` grcuho Ocmhn sc  scb` (bgtjk`s) tge` ogys

tc jcbpi`t` oc  g spcrt wmtk wcriowmo` gpp`gi ch`  >  wkmjk gbgzmhn spcrt (ch`)  ; gh `v`ht ch`/oc sc CT kgv` gh `v`ht  1

:

?

cppch`hts tcw`r`o cv`r kmb, kcw`v`r Dcnu`s stmii bghgn`o tc d` g prca`ssmchgi mh tk` HDG. Dcnu`s kgo g r`igtmv`iy sujj`ssaui jgr``r mh tk` HDG, o`spmt` kms k`mnkt CT mh spmt` ca kms k`mnkt. Kcw`v`r skcrt k` bgy kgv` d``h,

Dcnu`s stmii bghgn`o tc bge` g hgb` acr kmbs`ia mh tk` HDG.

7 drmnkt`h 4 uhmay  : qughtmay  ?  w`r` (d`mhn) (d`mhn) o`ga`h`o 0 `x`bpim﬇`s 1 kgo agism﬇`o > jigrmay/fustmay  ; ms/kgs d``h ime`h`o

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 : ? 0 1

ch tk` kcb` str`tjk fubp tk` nuh tcujk dgs` tk` dgii ms mh kms jcurt  uho`r pgr d`icw tk` d`it 

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ 1 7 4 : ?

D O J D

^TM_MHN \GT_76 @ZZG] @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0

pcw`raui pcsmtmv` pgrtmjmpgtmhn suppcrtmhn `hjcurgnmhn

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` 7

_k` jcrr`jt cro`r ms D, @, G, O, J

7 rmvgis 4  wmth`ssmhn/wgtjkmhn  wmth`ssmhn/wgtjkmhn : sp`jtgtcrs/vm`w`rs ? o`a`gt`o 0 i`go`r  1

`imbmhgt`/o`a`gt

-MA]

jigrmay  jigssmay  omv`rsmay  `x`bpimay  agismay  fustmay  qughtmay  uhmay 

@x`rjms` :

Z`ht`hj` D. _k` ctk`r twc cptmchs r`a`r tc sp`jm﬇j nrcups (jkmior`h (jkmior `h gho tk` rmjk gho pccr), tk` dut rci` tk` qu`stmch gses gdcut ca spcrt mh scjm`ty mh n`h`rgi)

@x`rjms` 4

7 ✚ 4  ^kmi` bcst bcst ca kms

@x`rjms` :

QCJGDPIGT]

@x`rjms` 7

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 : ?

0

-@H  

drcgo`h drmnkt`h o`ga`h o``p`h i`ss`h ime`h  w`ge`h  wcrs`h

PHM_ 77 NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

7 J 4 D :  G  ? O 0 J 1 O > D ;  G 

   

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` 4

7  ^k`h Kmrc grrmv`o grrmv`o gt

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

 wcre tkgt bcrhmhn, bcrhmhn, imtti` imtti` k` r`gims`o omo k` r`gims` tkgt k` wgs ncmhn tc d` bgo` r`ouhoght. 4 Kgroiy kgs kgo tk` b``tmhn d`ngh d`nuh  wk`h Zmbch r`gims`o r`gims`o k` kgo i`at kms hct`s ch tk` trgmh. : Mh hc wgy gr` ycuhn p`cpi`  gr`catcfcd digb` acr tk` igje

cppcrtuhmtm`s tk`s` ogys. ?  Gibcst mbb`omgt`iy mbb`omgt`iy tk`y eh`w (tkgt) k`/sk`/ tk`y /M/ w` kgo kmr`o tk` rmnkt p`rsch. 0



@x`rjms` :

7

4

: ? 0 1

Chiy wk`h tk` jcbpghy gjjcuhtghts kgv` gpprcv`o mt/tk` tge`cv`r  wmii tk` tge`cv`r tge`cv`r/mt /mt d` jcbpi`t`o. Hct chj` omo Ngr`tk r`b`bd`r tc gse kms cwh qu`stmchs mh ghy mht`rvm`w k` kgo `v`r kgo. Kgo M hct tge`h g jkghj` gho nmv`h ycu tk` fcd,  ycu wcuioh”t wcuioh”t d` k`r` hcw. hcw. Hc scch`r kgo ]v`s r`smnh`o tkgh k` stgrt`o tc a``i i`ss str`ss`o. Tgr`iy oc p`cpi` stgy mh tk` sgb` fcd acr ima` tk`s` ogys. Hct uhtmi w` ﬇ho tk` p`ra`jt jghomogt` acr tk` rci` wmii w` stcp gov`rtmsmhn tk` fcd.

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7< 77 74

dgje/ocwh durhmhn/durht  up k`ip tgemhn dgje  up tkrcunk i`ttmhn tge` ch  wcre 

(k)mr` (o)msbmss (i)`gv` (s)tgaa  (p)rcbct`o (r)ms` (s)gigry  (j)gr``r 

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

ch tk` archt  cut ca  r`go d`tw``h tk` dcttcb tge`, tcunk, ch aciicw, ca r`gschmhn gichn tk`, ca  orgw/or`w orgw/ or`w tk`

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ : 7 J 4 O : D ? O 0 D 1  G

Z\@GEMHN \GT_ 4 @x`rjms` 7

7 gs sujk 4 mt”s cp`h tc qu`stmch : ✚ ?  wmtk r`sp`jt tc 0 sp`jmgiiy  1 gs cppcs`o tc @x`rjms` 4

7 Mh g wgy  4 mt” mt”ss agmr tc sgy5 sp`jm﬇jgiiy  : _k`h gngmh ?  Gs acr5 mt nc`s wmtkcut wmtkcut

sgymhn

0 M susp`jt tkgt  1  ^mtk r`ngro tc5 tc5 M”o M”o

mbgnmh` tkgt 

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 \TC\CZGI @x`rjms` 7

goor`ss tk` smtugtmch bcst `aa`jtmv`iy. 4 bgmh gr`gs ca jchj`rh : jgh kgv` g h`ngtmv` `aa`jt ch p`cpi`”s bccos ? Bcr` `xp`hsmv` mt bmnkt  wcre cut, cut, j`rtgmhiy, j`rtgmhiy, 7

0 1

@x`rjms` 4

@x`rjms` 4

O`gr Br Jcx`h, \i`gs` och”t tge` tkms tk`  wrchn wgy, wgy, M och”t och”t wght cur arm`hoskmp tc suaa`r,  ycu ehcw tkgt, tkgt, och”t och”t ycu3 : Igst y`gr, y`gr, M wgs iujey `hcunk tc tge` pgrt mh g jcurs` jgii`o ‛^cre  ^cho`rs”  ^ch o`rs”, gho, wmtkcut wmtkcut ncmhn cv`rdcgro, M kgv` tc sgy tkgt mt tcce by

7 4 : ?

7 4

mh r`jcnhmtmch ca trghsacrbgtmch mh nrcwtk mh `xpighgtmch acr5 o`t`rmcrgtmch mh

QCJGDPIGT] @x`rjms` 7

7 4

cv`rwk`ib`o o`vgstgt`o ✚

NTGBBGT

: ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

@x`rjms` 7

@x`rjms` 4

dr`gtk gwgy. @x`rjms` :

7 4 :

acrbgi i`tt`r mhacrbgi `bgmi r`vm`w

PHM_ 74

7

Kgvmhn h`v`r `xp`rm`hj`o H`v`r kgvmhn `xp`rm`hj`o/Kgvmhn h`v`r `xp`rm`hj`o g

fflctgtmch tghe d`acr`, M wgs gstchmsk`o gt kcw r`igx`o mt bgo` b` a``i. 4  ^k`h Or Ztghtch r`i`gs`o tk` r`suits ca k`r `xp`rmb`hts mhtc b`bcry gho mht`iimn`hj`, k`r p``rs, w`r` `xp`jtmhn  g omaa`r`ht cutjcb`, w`r` gstchmsk`o. : Nmvmhn Nmv`h  `hjcurgn`b`ht rgtk`r tkgh jrmtmjmsb, p`cpi` t`ho tc p`racrb bcr` jch﬇o`htiy gho cdtgmh d`tt`r r`suits. ? M tkmhe tk` jcurs` M”b ncmhn tc gppiy acr ms tk` caa`rmhn ch` caa`rs  ycur bch`y dgje ma ycu och”t pgss. 0 _k`r` gr` sc bghy jcbp`iimhn tk`crm`s gdcut kubgh d`kgvmcur, dut r`s`grjk mhtc tk`s` mo`gs  wmii h`v`r tge` tge` pigj` ma jchsmo`r`o mt uh`tkmjgi. 1  G s`grjk kgs d`nuh acr tk` p`rsch wkc d`im`v`o tc kgv` kgje`o tk` ncv`rhb`ht”s M_ syst`b. > T`gjkmhn tk` tcp ca tk` bcuhtgmh, M sgt ocwh, ngz`o ngzmhn cut gt tk` gw`-mhspmrmhn vm`w.

gppr`jmgtmv` kubmimgt`o omsjcurgn`o ✚ ✚

gstchmsk`o ✚

7 4 : ? 0

r`iujtght  kubmimgt`o jchj`rh`o cv`rwk`ib`o gppr`jmgtmv`

1 >

o`vgstgt`o tkrmii`o

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

uhwmhomhn or`gomhn r`ffl`jtmhn ngtk`r  jcht`bpigt` ogyor`gb `bdrgj` nrgsp`o

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 7 4

jcb` tc tkmhe ca mt  tkmhe ch ycur a``t

: ? 0 1 >

tkmhe bujk ca mt  kmnkiy tkcunkt ca  tkmhe twmj` tkmhemhn dgje tc by trgmh ca tkcunkt 

prcbct` gho `hsur` jciigdcrgtmch gho suppcrtmv`h`ss. Ma tk`s` gogptgtmchs w`r` bgo`, M ﬇rbiy d`im`v` GHZ^@T E@] 



   

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ 7 7 D 4  G : D ? D 0 D 1 O >  G ; J

IMZ_@HMHN \GT_ 7 7  G  4  G  :  G  ?  G  0 J 1 D

PHM_ 7:

@x`rjms` 4

NTGBBGT

7 4 : ? 0 1

@x`rjms` 7

(fust) g skcrt (fust) skcr t wgie tc gppr`jmgt` mt ma ycu i`at mt”s hc ncco (fust) or`gbmhn ?  wgs hc (wgy ca) ca) ehcwmhn  wk`tk`r 0 hc qu`stmch ca ycu hct tgemhn 1  ycu cw` mt tc tc ycur pgr`hts 7 4 :

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0

D N D N D

7  ^k`h`v`r ^k`r`v`r5   wkgt`v`r kcw`v`r 4 k`r k`rs  : tk`bs`ia tk`bs`iv`s5  kcw`v`r wkgt`v`r ? ch` ch`s 0 bmh`s bmh` 1  wkgt`v`r wkmjk`v`r  > tk`b tk`mrs  ;  ^kc ^kc`v`r. = tk`  7< ch`s ch` 

1

D

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Z\@GEMHN \GT_ ? @x`rjms` 7

@x`rjms` 4

7 A 4 J :  G  ? D 0 @ 1 O @x`rjms` :

 G D J O @ A

M d`n tc omaa`r5 O M”o nc gichn wmtk tkgt5 G  M jcuioh”t gnr`` bcr`5 G  M”b hct sur` M gnr`` wmtk tkgt5 O _kgt ms hct tk` jgs`5 O _kgt”s hct kcw M s`` mt5 O

@x`rjms` ?

7 4 : ? 0

N D N D D

@x`rjms` 7/4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1

nicry  jgutmch/r`sp`jt  coos gbdmtmch/o`smr` kcp` s`hs`

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4 @x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

7 ;

p`ra`jt skct  pk`hcb`hch (sk``r) vmsmch ﬇i`-skgrmhn agmtkauih`ss mrr`spchsmdmimty  pcsmtmv` mbpgjt  stgtmstmjs

^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 I@__@T/@BGMI @x`rjms` 7

\krgs` pgmrs : gho 0 gr` jcrr`jt. Mh pkrgs` pgmr 7 tk` `homhn ms hct acrbgi `hcunk. Mh pkrgs` pgmr 4 dctk pkrgs`s gr` hct acrbgi Mh pkrgs` pgmr ?`hcunk. tk` d`nmhhmhn ms hct acrbgi `hcunk. Mh pkrgs` pgmr 1 tk` `homhn ms hct acrbgi `hcunk. @x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ;

gss`rts cpt mbpgjts s`ia-mht`r`st`oiy  `hngnmhn mht`rhskmp o`trmb`htgi p`rsp`jtmv`

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; = 7<

mhvgrmgdiy  h`ngtmv`iy  mhjr`omdiy   vgrmcus argheiy   wmo` trgomtmchgi `hcrbcus r`gi s`rmcus/r`gi

PHM_ 7?

NTGBBGT @x`rjms` 7

7 mhstrujtmchs r`qumr` b` tc 4  wgs suppcs`o tc kgv` : ? 0 1 > ;

kgo tc d` g tkcrcunk r`vmsmch ca d` sc emho gs/emho `hcunk tc mht`htmch ms tc r`ouj`  wk`h/mama ycu `x`rjms`  wk`h/ `x`rjms` bcr`  wmii CT dy ocmhn bcr` bcr` `x`rjms` (b`/by) h`v`r/hct kgvmhn  vmsmt`o ch`  wgsh”t/  wgsh” t/kgoh” kgoh”tt d``h acr kms mht`hs`

@x`rjms` 4

7 sc/wmiimhn/jcht`ht  4 gs : imtti` ? tk`bs`iv`s 0  wkmjk 1 gt  >

cunkt/kgs/h``os

@x`rjms` :

M omo gppim`o gppiy  tc  tc fcmh tkgt `xjiusmv `xjiusmv`` ﬇th`ss jiud, dut M h`v`r k`gro dgje  arcb  arcb tk`b dgje. 4  Gs uhr`imgdi` tkgt gs k` ms, k` kgs prcbms`o tc b` tc tge` b` tc tk` ngb`. : _k` t`hhms jiud tkgt/  wkmjk wgs cp`h`o dy icjgi k`rc _mb B`hsjk ms grnugdiy tk` d`st`qumpp`o mh tk` jmty. CT _k` t`hhms jiud wgs  wgs  7

cp`h`o dy _mb B`hsjk ms grnugdiy tk` d`st`qumpp`o mh tk` jmty. jmt y. ? Kgoh”t by ogo Kgo by ogo hct / Ma by Ogo kgoh”t sp`ht bcst ca kms ima` `gtmhn ruddmsk, k`  wcuioh”tt kgv` d``h d` sc  wcuioh” cv`rw`mnkt hcw. 0 M wgs o`imnkt`o tc kgv`  d``h mhvmt`o tc sp`ge gt tk` w`mnkt-icss jcha`r`hj` ‚ cppcrtuhmtm`s sujk gs / gs ime` gs tkms och”t jcb` up v`ry cat`h.

   

Mt”s tmb` acr g a`w jkghn`s mh gttmtuo`. Kcp`auiiy, tk`  wkci` wcrio wmii scch jkccs` ncmhn tc nc   v`n`tgrmgh. > _k` jght``h k`r` ms gwaui. Drmhnmhn ycur cwh iuhjk tc wcre ms tk` chiy wgy tc d` nugrght``o ca g hutrmtmcus b`gi. CT … tk` chiy wgy tc nugrght`` ca   g hutrmtmcus b`gi.

\PZK ]CPTZ@IA _C J4

QCJGDPIGT]

7 @ 4 N :  G  ? A 0 D 1 J

1

@x`rjms` 7

7 4 : ? 0 1 >

uho`r, w`gtk`r  tge`, turh, wcrs` o`gtk”s occr  gimv`, emjemhn dmtt`r pmii, swgiicw  b`ho tgst`, b`omjmh`

T@GOMHN GHO PZ@ CA @HNIMZK \GT_ >

M”v` hct s``h Oghm`i cut acr gn`s hcw. Kcw ichn kgs mt d``h smhj` k` ﬇rst stgrt`o a``imhn pccr pccriy 3 ^TM_MHN \GT_ 46 4 Mt”s sujk g skgb` tkgt by agvcurmt` acco kgs sc imtti` T@QM@^ hutrmtmcus hutrmtmchgi   @x`rjms` 7  vgiu` ‚ dut ycu ycu fust jgh”t jgh”t d`gt kct ocns, jgh ycu3 _mti` J. Mt us`s g v`ry ji`v`r pigy ch wcros tc jcbdmh` jc bdmh` tk` :  G wcbgh ms sumhn sumhn k`r mo`gs `gtmhn cut  gho  gho cut ca by icjgi kcspmtgi gat`r k`r r`j`ht surn`ch surn`ry   jcbacrt zch` . Mt subbgrms`s tk`  wrmt`r”s tk`b` ca trymhn  wgs gobmhmst`r`o gobmhmst`r`o wmtkcut  wrmt`r”s 7

prcp`r ghg`stk`tmj. _k` gje`` arumt ms o`imjmcus  wk`h `gt`h rmp`, dut pcmsch`o pcmschcus ma mt ms jchsub`o wkmi` stmii  y`iicw..  y`iicw 0 Mh g r`j`ht surv`y ca jk`as r`ngromhn tk` gii`rnm`s gii`rn`hs tkgt tk`y k`smtgt` tc jcce wmtk, p`ghuts tcpp`o tk` imst imst.. 1  G bgh wgs tge`h tge`h tc kcspmtgi tcogy mh g ima`-tkr`gt`h`o ima`tkr`gt`hmhn  jchomtmch gat`r d`mhn kmt dy gh gbduighj`. ?

@x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1

`vmo`hj`, D omsbmssgi/sgjemhn, A kmstcry, G  skcrth`ss, O icss, J smo`, @

@x`rjms` :

Jchjiusmch D ms tk` d`st cptmch. Jchjiusmch G ms CE dut rgtk`r dcrmhn. Mt ms gisc strghn` tc sgy tkgt ycu r`b`bd`r `v`rytkmhn gdcut mt v`ry ji`griy. Mt ms hct ji`gr wkgt tkms b`ghs cr wky mt ms b`htmch`o. Jchjiusmch J stgrts w`ii dut tk`h drmhns mh h`w mhacrbgtmch (gdcut mt d`mhn qumt` `xp`hsmv`) tkgt skcuio d` mh tk` bgmh dcoy tk` r`vm`w. mt mh k`r`caa``is ime` mt msGoomhn scb`tkmhn tkgt tk` wrmt`r chiy r`b`bd`r`o gt tk` `ho. Mh n`h`rgi, jchjiusmchs skcuio subbgrms` tk` bgmh grnub`hts ca tk` t`xt gho hct d` us`o tc goo mh `xtrg mhacrbgtmch.

scb`tkmhn h`v`r trm`o d`acr` ghotk`y tk`mrkgo jchj`rhs gdcut tk` b`gi. _mti` D ms CE, dut g dmt uhmbgnmhgtmv` acr g  w`dsmt` gho _mti` _mti` G ms mhgjjurgt` d`jgus` mt”s g r`stgurght r`vm`w, hct gh `ssgy ch v`nghmsb. @x`rjms` 4

7 4 : ? 0 1 > ; =

ca v`n`tgdi`s gho  v`n`tgdi`s gich` gh gdsciut` wmhh`r  mts bmho-dicwmhn omsk`s hctkmhn skcrt ca ncrn`cus  G sp`jmgi b`htmch bust bust nc tc utt`riy uhacrn`ttgdi` digho tk`y bcst j`rtgmhiy  w`r` hct   Gstchmsk`o gho o`imnkt`o o`imnkt`o Tgr`iy kgv` M

@x`rjms` :

7 4 : ? 0

ruhhy hcs` scr` tkrcgt  dicco pr`ssur` dgighj`o om`t  dcoy jicje 

GHZ^@T E@] 

77

 

GPOMCZJTM\_ 

Zp`ge`r J 

 wkmjk M oc,uho`rstgho dut hcwk`r` `hcunktk` `hcunk acrbcr` by imemhn. imemh Acrr`igx b`, tk` b`, bcr` ycu ca gh`gr ighnugn`, ycun.jgh gho mbb`rs` ycurs`ia mh tk` icjgi juitur`, gho ycu jgh r`giiy stgrt tc nrcw ycur arm`hoskmp h`twcre. h`t wcre. _kgt”s scb`tkmhn M”b M”b o`t`rbmh`o tc oc cv`r tk` h`xt y`gr.

@v`ry `ssgy k` wrmt`s ms jgr`auiiy r`s`grjk`o gho n`ts kmnk bgres. M, ch tk` ctk`r kgho, strunni`. M och”t kgv` tk` s`ia-omsjmpimh` k` kgs wk`h mt jcb`s tc by stuom`s gho gb ar`qu`htiy agiimhn d`kmho. Iujemiy,, Tcy ms kgppy tc k`ip b` cut mh jigss wk`h M h``o mt. Iujemiy

M stuom`o Ar`hjk gt sjkcci gho a`it ime` M r`gjk`o g pr`tty r`gschgdi` stghogro wmtk tk` ighnugn`, kcw`v`r, kcw`v`r, M wgs h`v`r jch﬇o`ht gt sp`gemhn mh jigss. _kgt gii jkghn`o wk`h M w`ht tc Z_GT_@T \grms chj` wmtk by agbmiy. ^` w`r` gt g r`stgurght gho kgo d``h  _rgje
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