2010 2010
City & Guilds 4353-21 Award
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN PARAMETRIC MODELLING Level 1
www.mawdesign.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk
Courseware for the City & Guilds 4353-21 Award
Computer Aided Design Parametric Modelling Level 1
By Morris A Wordsworth Autodesk Authorised Training Centre Manager (Retired) Doncaster College ICT Academy City & Guilds Assessor
MAW DESIGN SERVICES 36 Auckland Road, Doncaster South Yorkshire, DN2 4AG UK Tel: +44 (0)1302 366 456 Mobile: +44 (0)780 799 6024 Fax: +44 (0)870 136 7374
[email protected] www.mawdesign.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk
© Copyright 2009 MAW Design Services All Rights Reserved This publication, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form, by any method, for any purpose without the express permission of MAW DESIGN SERVICES.
Acknowledgements: Allan Edlington, David Preston Autodesk Ltd City & Guilds
COURSE CONTENT Tutor Guidance and Autodesk Inventor Configuration
Tutor
Introduction
Introduction
Use Associated IT and CAD Hardware and Operating Systems
Section 1
Use Basic File Management Techniques and Maintain Heath and Safety Requirements
Section 2
Understand the Parametric Modelling Process, the User Interface and How to Access Help and Tutorials
Section 3
Use a Range of Commands to Create and Constrain Sketches
Section 4
Use the Range of Commands to Produce Extruded and Revolved Features
Section 5
Use Placed Featues to Modify Parametric Models
Section 6
Use Methods to Create Assemblies
Section 7
Use the Drawing Layout Environment to Produce Hard Copies
Section 8
Further Parametric Modelling Exercises
Section 9
Sample Practical Assignments
Section 10
Understanding First and Third Angle Projection
Appendix A
Autodesk Inventor / Windows Keyboard Shortcuts
Appendix B
o-o-0-o-o
MAW DESIGN SERVICES 36 Auckland Road, Doncaster South Yorkshire, DN2 4AG UK Tel: +44 (0)1302 366 456 Mobile: +44 (0)780 799 6024 Fax: +44 (0)870 136 7374
[email protected] www.mawdesign.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk
Inventor Training
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Tutor Guidance and Autodesk Inventor Configuration
City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
Tutor Guidance 01
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Tutor Guidance 02
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Tutor Guidance and Autodesk Inventor Configuration These notes have been written in such a way to illustrate best practice methods, and as such Autodesk Inventor needs to be configured to help reflect these methods. It is recommended therefore, that Tutor's ensure that their CAD workstations are configured in the following manner to assist the CAD Parametric Modelling user in following this courseware for the City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling module.
Course File Management For the purpose of these notes, all course files are referred to as being in the 2010 4353-21 folder (directory) under Student. It is recommended therefore, that these folders be created and all course files are placed therein. The courseware files can be installed to any local or network, but the files and folders must have read/write status set. Therefore, a system of replacing the courseware files periodically would be advisable.
Autodesk Inventor Installation In order that the coursware performs correctly, it is necessary for the ISO standard to be chosen when Autodesk Inventor is installed and not the default ANSI standard. This is necessary so that new files created by Autodesk Inventor are in metric (mm) units, instead of the default imperial (inches) units.
Graphics Card It is recommended that the latest Autodesk approved Graphics Card Driver for Inventor is installed, for optimum performance and to prevent system crashes. A link to approved Graphics Card Drivers can be found on the installation disk and on the Help menu within Autodesk Inventor.
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Selecting the Courseware Project File It is also recommended that other settings within Autodesk Inventer be optimised for use with this courseware. Autodesk Inventor 2010
1
Load Autodesk Inventor by double-clicking the startup icon on the computer desktop (or by using the Start > Programs method).
2
Click the Open button on the Quick Launch Toolbar, then on the Open dialog box, click the Projects... button to display the its dialog box.
Figure 01 Projects - Select a project file
3
Click the New button at the bottom of the dialog box to display the Inventor project wizard. Select the New Single User Project radio button and click the Next button.
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Figure 02 Inventor project wizard
4
Enter 2010 4353-21 in the Name text box, then type in or navigate to display the Student\2010 4353-21 path in the Project (Workspace) Folder text box shown above. Now click the Next button, then click on the Finish button. If the project path does not exist, the Inventor Project Editor box may be displayed seeking permission to create one. Figure 03 Inventor Project Editor
Figure 04 Projects - 2010 4353-21
Back in the Projects dialog box, double-click on 2010 4353-21 to activate.
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Setting Up the Project File 5
In the bottom Project pane, ensure the Use Styles Library is set to Yes, in order to save any changes made in the Styles and Standards Editor. If set to Read Only or No, right-click and change to Yes. Click the Save button, then the Done button to return to the Open dialog box and click the Cancel button to exit. Figure 05 Use Style Library = Yes
At the start of an Inventor design modelling session, the Projects button would be selected to ensure the 2010 4353-21 project is activated. If not, then double-click 2010 4353-21 to activate.
Application Options 7
On the Application Menu, click the Options button to display the Application Options dialog box (or click the Application Options button on the Options panel of the Tools tab on the Ribbon).
Figure 06 Application Options > General tab
8
Tutor Guidance 06
Select the Colors tab and from the Color Scheme pane, select Presentation.
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Figure 07 Application Options > Colors tab
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Select the Sketch tab and ensure the check-boxes are ticked for Edit dimension when created, Autoproject edges for sketch creation and edit, and Autoproject part origin on sketch create (see overpage).
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Figure 08 Application Options > Sketch tab
Enhanced Graphics Detail 10
The Display Quality for Model files is controlled by the Application Options dialog box and can be set to one of four options: Rough, Medium, Smooth, and Smoother. Select the Display tab and ensure the Display quality: is shown as Smoother.
Tutor Guidance 08
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Figure 09 Application Options > Display tab
11
Now click the Apply button and then the Close button to exit.
12
For Drawing files, the Display Quality is controlled by the Modeling tab on the Document Settings dialog box, accessed from the Options panel on the Tools tab of the Ribbon. Ensure that the setting to Maintain Enhanced Graphics Detail is toggled On.
Figure 10 Document Settings > Modeling Tab
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Now click the Apply button and then the Close button to exit.
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File Management Exercise To complete the exercise on File Management in Section 02 of this courseware, each student will require access to two folders (directories) each with a sub-folder, and located in the 2010 43 53-21 folder (C:\Student\2010 4353-21|File Management Ex Backup and C:\Student\2010 4353-21\File Management Exercise). Each sub-folder to be named File Management and comprised of the following files: 4353 Level1.ipj Base Plate.idw Bevel Square.iam C&G Logo.jpg Conduit Tee.png
Fancy Bracket.pdf Readme.doc Steel Collar.ipt Valve Casting.wmf
Folder Structure - Windows XP
Figure 09 File Management Folders (Windows XP Theme)
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Folder Structure - Windows Vista
Figure 10 File Management Folder (Windows Vista Theme)
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Tutor Guidance 012
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Introduction to Computer Aided Design Parametric Modelling Level 1
City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
Introduction-1
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Introduction-2
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Introduction WELCOME to the 4353 CAD Parametric Modelling Scheme using Autodesk Inventor.
City & Guilds 4353 CAD Parametric Modelling Scheme These training notes have been designed to introduce the user to ICT, Windows Operating System, and the basic Autodesk Inventor modelling and editing commands, to provide a broad level of understanding required to appreciate the essential concepts and principles of using Autodesk Inventor in Windows XP/Vista. The notes have been arranged in such a manner to develop the ICT and CAD Parametric Modelling skills necessary to take you step by step, through the exercises and assignments, and reflect the actual areas of expertise that are required for the City & Guilds 4353-21 Computer Aided Design Parametric Modelling - Level 1 Award. It is not the purpose of these notes to explore every facet of ICT and Autodesk Inventor, but merely to prepare you for the City & Guilds practical assignments and on-line multi-choice question test. You will, no doubt, further explore the commands used and others, at some future time. Whilst some experience of 3D parametric modelling would be an advantage, knowledge of the application software is not considered a prerequisite to undertaking this course.
4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 This award is a Vocationally Related Qualification (VRQ) in Computer Aided Design Parametric Modelling. It has been designed by City & Guilds to meet their customers' needs for more modern, up-to-date and flexible qualifications. It is accredited as part of the National Qualifications Framework. The emphasis is on 'learning by doing' and for this reason candidates are required to complete a number of assignments. These show candidates' attainment of practical skills, which imply their understanding of the knowledge required.
Required Course Notes Section 1 through Section 10
Assessment The 4353-21 scheme is assessed on the satisfactory completion of the standard assignments and on-line test: One multi-choice question test on-line: Test 4353-21-001 Two practical assignments as follows: PA 4353-21-002
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4353-22 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 2 Required Course Notes Section 1 through Section 8
Assessment The 4353-22 scheme is assessed on the satisfactory completion of the standard assignments and on-line test: One multi-choice question test on-line: Test 4353-22-004 Two practical assignments as follows: PA 4353-22-005
PA 4353-22-006
4353-23 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 3 Required Course Notes Section 1 through Section 6
Assessment The 4353-23 scheme is assessed on the satisfactory completion of the standard assignments and on-line test: One multi-choice question test on-line: Test 4353-23-007 Two practical assignments as follows: PA 4353-23-008
PA 4353-23-009
Student Note: Autodesk Inventor For the purpose of these notes, all course files are referred to as being in a Student\2010 4353-21 folder (directory) on Root (probably C: Drive).
Denotes for information only.
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Use Associated IT, CAD Hardware and Operating Systems
1
Outcome References: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
Section 01-1
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Section 01-2
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Use Associated IT, CAD Hardware and Operating Systems Information Technology Information Technology (IT) is made up of the transfer, processing and storage of information (eg graphics, vectors, text, sound, numbers, etc.) using computers, telecommunication networks and other electronic devices. One of the largest areas in IT is the use of computers. They enable you to process information and perform specific tasks much more quickly than you could do yourself.
CAD Parametric Modelling Hardware Personal Computer (PC) The computer most used in the home and work environment is known as the Personal Computer and is the backbone of any CAD workstation. It is a device that manipulates data according to a set of instructions.
Figure 01 Personal Computer, Monitor, Keyboard and Mouse
Hardware The various items of equipment that make up a personal computer system are called hardware. These are all parts you can actually touch, including input devices such as the mouse and keyboard, together with the computer case and all the physical parts inside it. MAW Design Services
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Peripheral Devices The computer may have any number of other components attached to it collectively referred to as Peripheral Devices. These also come under the hardware category and may consist of: Floppy Disk Drive Zip Drive Keyboard Modem Digitiser
Hard Disk Drive DVD Drive Mouse Scanner Graphics Card
CD-ROM Drive USB Flash (Memory) Drive VDU (Monitor) Speakers Printer/Plotter
A combination of the above can usually be found on a CAD workstation
Input and Output Devices Of these peripheral devices, some are termed Input devices and others Output devices. Some examples are: Input Devices Mouse Keyboard Digitiser Trackball
Output Devices VDU (Monitor) Scanner Speakers Printer/Plotter
Central Processing Unit
Figure 02 Keyboard and Mouse
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the main microprocessor and together with the motherboard, graphics card and memory make up the basic essentials of a personal computer. The CPU is regarded as the brain of a personal computer system and performs calculations on inputted data and determines what to do with the results of those calculations. The CPU’s activities are co-ordinated by a clock which is used to synchronise all the internal processes within it. The unit of time for each movement of data is called a cycle and the clock speed is measured in Megahertz (MHz). One megahertz equals one million cycles per second. Obviously, the faster the CPU, the faster the data is processed, and hence, the computer runs much more quickly.
Motherboard The Motherboard is a key component of the computer, as all other devices are connected to it and it serves as the link between them. It is the data and power infrastructure for the entire computer.
Graphics Card The Graphics Card (sometimes called the video card/processing card) interprets the data generated by the computer and displays it on the Visual Display Unit (VDU),often called a Monitor. A modern graphics card is made up of a circuit board with memory and its own dedicated processor. The processor is designed specifically to handle the intense computational requirements of displaying graphics. Section 01-4
Figure 03 Graphics Card MAW Design Services
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Types of Memory The information stored on a computer is kept in its memory. The two main types of memory are Temporary (RAM) and Permanent (ROM) memory. Any data in the computer’s temporary memory will be lost when the computer is switched off, while the data in the computer’s permanent memory is retained.
Random Access Memory (RAM) RAM is a computer’s main memory store and can be written to and read from. It acts as temporary storage for any programs that are running and the data they are using. It also stores the data being transferred to and from the various parts of the computer, but all data will be lost when the computer is shut down.
Read Only Memory (ROM) Programs and data stored in a computers ROM cannot be changed during normal operations and are retained when the computer is shut down.
Visual Display Unit (VDU) The Visual Display Unit (or Monitor) has a screen that presents the visual information about the computer’s activity and is the most-used device on a personal computer. Screen sizes are normally measured in inches from corner to corner diagonally. Popular screen sizes in use for CAD are 19", 21" and upwards. The Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) monitor screen is made up of a series of dots, called pixels, and the greater the number of pixels on display, the greater is the resolution (ie better definition). CAD users should aim for a minimum resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels, whilst those using the larger screens often have them set as high as 1600 x 1200. The higher the screen resolution, the more you can fit on the screen, but each item on the screen will look smaller. The disadvantage of CRT monitors are in their size, weight and the screen is bowed, sometimes distorting lines at the edge of the screen.
Figure 04 Monitors
More common type of monitors in use, based on newer technology, are the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Thin Film Transistor (TFT) monitors. One advantage of the flat panel monitor is that it is light and compact, being based upon a very thin screen (shown above - left) as opposed to the bulky tube of a CRT monitor (shown right) and hence, takes up less space on the desktop. MAW Design Services
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Storage Devices Hard Disk Hard disks consist of a number of rigid magnetic disks in a protective casing. Data is recorded magnetically onto concentric circular tracks, each of which is divided into a number of sectors. Hard disks can hold very large amounts of data, measured in gigabytes (GB) and terabytes (TB), and are very fast in comparison to other storage devices.
Floppy Disk Floppy disks are flexible magnetic disks held in a protective plastic jacket 3½" in size. As with hard disks, data is recorded onto concentric circular tracks, divided into sectors. Floppy disks can hold only small amounts of data (typically 1.44MB) and are relatively slow in operation. Rarely used nowadays. Figure 05
Floppy Disk
Zip Disk The Zip disk tends to cover the middle ground between the hard disk and floppy disk, in terms of both speed and capacity. There are currently three data sizes available, being 100MB, 250MB and 750MB, but their use is being rapidly overtaken by the USB Flash Drive.
USB Flash Drive (Memory Stick)
Figure 06 Zip Disk
The USB flash drive is a small portable flash memory card that plugs into a computer's USB port and functions as a portable hard drive with storage capacities in excess of 4GB. Sometimes called pen drives, stick drives, memory sticks or USB drives and are rapidly replacing the floppy disk and zip disk as preferred portable storage media. Figure 07 USB Flash Drive
CD-ROM A CD-ROM is a Compact Disk (CD) with Read Only Memory (ROM) often used to supply program data such as software. However, it can be used to store large amounts of data (typically around 700MB), but cannot be written to again once closed or full. CD-ROM’s are created using a CD-R disk (R meaning Read only) and the data cannot be erased or overwritten, but another compact disk in use is the CD-RW (RW meaning rewritable which can be re-formatted and re-used, although relatively slow when writing (burning) to the disk Both types of compact disk can be read by a CD-ROM drive. Section 01-6
Figure 08 CD ROM and Drive
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Types of Software Operating System A computer’s operating system controls the running programs, along with the storing and processing of data. It also presents a default interface to the user, which is loaded automatically when the computer is started. The Microsoft Windows XP and Vista operating systems produce such an interface. These Graphical User Interfaces (GUI's) provides images (called icons) that represent applications and other available software. A GUI is usually driven by pull-down menus and toolbars which are accessed using a mouse.
Application Software Application software are packages such as AutoCAD, Autodesk Inventor Professional, Microsoft Office, Adobe Acrobat, etc. The majority of computer programs are application packages, but cannot run without an operating system to act as a link between them and the computer.
Computer Performance
Figure 09 Autodesk Inventor Software
The operational performance of a personal computer system depends on the time taken for the hardware and software to interact and manipulate the necessary data. In terms of CAD, a personal computer’s performance can be greatly enhanced by ensuring that: • a CPU with a high clock speed is used • a large amount of RAM is installed (4 GB or more) • a high performance Graphics Card is used
Printers and Plotters The most common types of printer in use are the inkjet, bubble-jet and laser. Inkjet and Bubble-jet printers form shapes and characters from a series of dots, by firing tiny droplets of ink at the paper from a print-head that moves horizontally across the paper. The ink is supplied in cartridges, including colour, and the paper can be single sheets up to ISO A0 in size or fed from a continuous roll. They are quiet, reasonably fast and produce very good quality prints. Laser printers combine a very narrow beam of light and a light sensitive drum to fuse particles of toner onto the paper. The toner is a very fine powder, and is also used in photocopiers. They produce very high quality prints, including colour, usually up to ISO A3 in size. In the ISO A4 size they are extensively used in the business office. Plotters, up to ISO A0 in size, work by drawing lines on paper using different coloured pens held in a mechanically rotating head. This technology in the field of CAD, has gradually been overtaken by the use of inkjet and bubble-jet printers.
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Figure 10 Large Bubble-Jet Printer
Inventor Training
Figure 11 Inkjet Printer
The Internet The term Internet is used to describe the global network of all networks that currently spans in excess of 250 countries. The World Wide Web is the fastest growing service on the Internet (not to be confused with the Internet itself). It describes the vast collection of hypertext-based files available on the Internet and provides a quick and easy way to retrieve these files so they can be viewed and/or downloaded using a browser. Search engines are used to find information on the Internet, such as CAD web sites where related information and CAD files can be downloaded. Electronic mail (e-mail) is an electronic postal system through which all kinds of data can be sent and received, and is the most popular activity on the Internet. Messages and CAD drawing files can be sent much more quickly than by conventional means.
Section 01-8
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Recommended Minimum System Requirements For general part and assembly design (typically fewer than 1,000 parts):
• Microsoft® Windows Vista® (SP1) (32-bit or 64-bit) Home Basic, •
Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, Ultimate Operating System or Windows® XP Professional (SP2 and SP3) or Professional x64 Edition (SP2) Operating System
• Intel® Pentium® 4 processor, 2 GHz or faster, Intel® Xeon™, Intel® Core™, AMD • • • • • • • • •
Athlon™ 64, AMD Opteron™, or later 2 GB RAM minimum Direct3D10, Direct3D 9 or OpenGL capable graphics card DVD-ROM drive Microsoft Mouse compliant pointing device 1280 x 1024 or higher screen resolution Internet connection for web downloads and Subscription-aware access Adobe® Flash® Player 10 Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0 through 7.0 Microsoft Excel 2003 through 2007 for iComponents, thread customisation, and spreadsheet-driven designs
For complex models and large assemblies (typically more than 1,000 parts), Autodesk recommends a system meeting the following specifications:
• • • •
Windows XP Professional x64 Edition (SP2) or Windows Vista 64-bit (SP1) AMD64 or Intel® 64 processor 6 or more GB RAM CAD workstation-capable graphics card
Check out the Autodesk website for more detailed information: www.autodesk.co.uk
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Windows Desktop (Microsoft Windows XP) If you are using the Windows XP operating system, a Windows Desktop will be loaded similar to the one shown below when you switch on your computer (although no minimised applications will be shown at this stage, and the desktop background and icons will be different).
Desktop Icons
Start Button
Minimised Application
Task Bar
System Tray
Figure 12 Windows Desktop (Windows XP Operating System - 1680 x 1050 resolution)
Start Button Shutting Down
Minimised Application the Computer
Task Bar
System Tray
You must never switch off the computer using the power button alone. The correct way is by following the applicable instructions below:
• Close down all applications you have been using (including Autodesk Inventor). Windows XP Theme • Click on the Start button (bottom left-hand corner of the screen). A pop-up menu will be displayed similar to that shown in Figure 13.
Windows XP Classic Theme • Click on the Start button (bottom left-hand corner of the screen). A pop-up menu will be displayed similar to that shown in Figure 14.
Section 01-10
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Figure 13 Start Menu - Windows XP Theme
Figure 14 Start Menu - Windows XP Classic Theme
• Click on the Turn Off Computer button/command to display the "Turn off
Figure 15 Turn off computer
• Click on the Turn Off button to safely exit from Windows XP and shut down your MAW Design Services
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Windows Desktop (Microsoft Windows Vista) If you are using the Windows Vista operating system, a Windows Desktop will be loaded similar to the one shown below when you switch on your computer (although no minimised applications will be shown at this stage, and the desktop background and icons may be different).
Desktop Icons
Start Button
Minimised Application
Task Bar
System Tray
Figure 16 Windows Desktop (Windows Vista Operating System - 1680 x 1050 resolution)
Shutting Down the Computer You must never switch off the computer using the power button alone. The correct way is by following the applicable instructions below:
• Close down all applications you have been using (including Autodesk Inventor). Windows Vista Theme • Click on the Start button (bottom left-hand corner of the screen), then the arrow button in the bottom-right of the Start Menu (Figure 17), and select Shut Down from the pop-up menu to automatically close all programs, shut down Windows Vista and turn off your computer.
Section 01-12
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Figure 17 Start Menu - Windows Vista Theme
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Windows Vista Classic Theme • Click on the Start button (bottom left-hand corner of the screen). • Depending on which Windows Classic style you are using, a Start Menu will be displayed similar to Figure 18 or Figure 19 shown below.
Figure 18 Start Menu - Windows Vista Classic Theme
•
Select Shut Down from the pop-up menu (Figure 18) to close all programs, shut down Windows Vista, and turn off your computer.
Figure 19 Start Menu - Windows Vista Classic Theme
• Click on the Shut Down... button/command (Figure 19) to display the "Shut Down Windows" dialog box.
Figure 20 Shut Down Windows
• Select Shut Down from the drop-down menu, then click the OK button to close all programs, shut down Windows Vista, and turn off your computer. Section 01-14
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Loading Autodesk Inventor Getting Started
Autodesk Inventor 2010
Autodesk Inventor can be loaded by double-clicking on the Inventor shortcut icon on the Desktop, or by clicking on the Start button in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen, then Programs from the pop-up window that appears, and then Autodesk Inventor from the list of program applications. When Autodesk Inventor is fully loaded, a blank work space is displayed. On the Launch panel on the Get Started tab of the Ribbon, clicking on the Open button displays the Open dialog box allowing a file to be opened.
Figure 21 Get Started Tab and Open
Clicking on the Projects button displays the Projects dialog box allowing the Project name to be selected or a Project name to be created via the New button.
Figure 22 Projects MAW Design Services
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On the Get Started tab on the Launch panel of the Ribbon, clicking on the New button displays the New File dialog box allowing an an environment to be select for parametric modelling. Clicking on the New button on the Quick Launch toolbar on the "Open" dialog box would also display the New File dialog box allowing an environment to be selected for parametric modelling. Figure 23 Quick Launch Toolbar
Figure 24 New File > Default Tab
Sheet Metal.ipt - Opens the Sheet Metal environment.
Standard.dwg - Opens the AutoCAD Drawing environment.
Standard.iam - Opens the Assembly environment.
Standard.idw - Opens the Drawing environment.
Standard.ipn - Opens the Presentation environment.
Standard.ipt - Opens the Sketch environment.
Weldment.iam - Opens the Weldment Assembly environment.
Section 01-16
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With the Default tab selected, double-clicking on the Standard.ipt icon (or highlighting the icon, and clicking the OK button) will load the Sketch environment for the creation of a Part, and will look similar to that shown below:
Menu Bar Application Menu
Quick Launch Toolbar
InfoCenter
Ribbon Panel Bar
Browser Bar
Graphics Window
ViewCube
3D Indicator Status Bar
Figure 25 Autodesk Inventor Graphics Screen (1680 x 1050 Resolution)
The Graphics Screen contains a Quick Launch Toolbar, InfoCenter, Ribbon Title Bar, Ribbon, Browser, Graphics Window, ViewCube, Graphics Cursor, 3D Indicator, and Status bar.
Toolbars There are several toolbars available in Autodesk Inventor, but by default only the Quick Launch Toolbar, InfoCenter, and Ribbon are displayed, these being 'docked' along the top of the User Interface.
Figure 26 Get Started
Figure 27 New File > Standard.ipt > Sketch Environment
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Pointing Devices Drawing on the Graphics Window is carried out using a pointing device . A pointing device is usually a mouse, although a roller ball (for example) can be used. A 2-button mouse is shown in Figure 28. Note:
IntelliMouse (wheel-type mouse) is supported by Autodesk Inventor.
Zoom (Scroll) and Pan Wheel Enter and Shortcut Menu button
Pick or Click button
Figure 28 2-Button Microsoft IntelliMouse
Function Keys The function keys are the keys along the top of the keyboard marked F1 to F12. Some of these serve a special purpose in Autodesk Inventor and each acts as a toggle switch, usually On or Off. Cancel
Pan Help
Zoom
Rotate Objects
Previous Slice Graphics Hide Constraints View Isometric Show Constraints
Figure 29 Function Keys
Note:
Section 01-18
These and other Keyboard Shortcuts may be found in Appendix A at the end of this courseware
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Sizing and Moving the Autodesk Inventor Graphics Screen To Minimize, Maximize or Close the Window running Inventor or any other application, the following toolbar is used and located at the right-hand end of the Title bar (top-right corner).
Minimize
Restore Down
Close
Minimize
Maximize
Close
Figure 30
To minimise the window, click on the Minimize button in the top right-hand corner of Inventor. This reduces the window to a button located in the Task bar at the bottom of the screen.
To maximize the window, click on the Maximize button in the top right-hand corner of Inventor. This enlarges the window to its largest possible size to fit on the screen. This can also be achieved by double-clicking on the Title bar. To restore the window, click on the Restore Down button in the top right-hand corner of Inventor. This reduces the window to a smaller size, allowing you to further resize it by pointing the mouse cursor over the edge or corner of the window until a double-arrow appears, then click and hold down the mouse button to drag the window to the required shape or size. To restore the minimized window from the Task bar, simply click on its button (or right-click on the button, then click on Restore displayed in the pop-up menu).
Figure 31 Right-Click
To close the window, click the Close button in the top right-hand corner of Inventor. This will close down Autodesk Inventor and place you back on the Windows Desktop - see Exiting Autodesk Inventor. To move the window, click and hold down the mouse button on its Title bar, and drag to the required position.
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Exiting Autodesk Inventor When you have finished your Autodesk Inventor session, the correct way to exit from Inventor is to click on the Application Menu down-arrow, and from the drop-down menu,click Exit Inventor button - Figure 32.
Figure 32 Exiting Inventor
Figure 33 Save changes to Part 1 - Prompts >> Section 01-20
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Figure 34 Save Changes to Part 1 (with Prompts)
Clicking on Yes will save the current file before exiting from Autodesk Inventor. Clicking on No will exit Autodesk Inventor without saving any changes. Clicking on Cancel will cancel the command to remain in Autodesk Inventor.
You can also Exit from Inventor by clicking on the "X" button in the top right-hand corner.
NOTE:
DO NOT SWITCH OFF THE COMPUTER WHILST STILL IN AUTODESK INVENTOR
Reporting Problems While using Autodesk Inventor, any problems that may arise should be reported to your Tutor, such as but not restricted to:
• CAD and allied software problems due to hardware. • VDU (Monitor) output quality or not functioning correctly. • Keyboard or mouse not functioning correctly. • Printer/plotter malfunctions, paper jams, etc. • Floppy/Zip disk or Memory Stick problems and missing files. Prior to producing hardcopy, it is essential that the printer/plotter is checked to ensure that it is switched on and correctly setup with sufficient paper available, the latter being replenished if necessary.
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Exercise - Manipulating an Autodesk Inventor Window 1 Autodesk Inventor 2010
Load Autodesk Inventor by double-clicking on the shortcut icon on the Windows Desktop and from the Getting Started tab > Launch panel, click the New button to display the New File dialog box.
If Autodesk Inventor is already loaded, click the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar to display the New File dialog box.
Figure 35 Quick Launch Toolbar
2
On the Default tab, double-click the Standard.ipt icon to display the Sketch environment for creating a Part.
Figure 36 New File
3
Now practice using the Minimize, Restore Down and Maximize buttons within the Windows Desktop, along with moving and resizing the Autodesk Inventor window.
4
When finished, maximize the window by double-clicking on the Title bar and use the Close button to exit from Autodesk Inventor (do not save any changes).
This completes Section 01, now move on to Section 02. Section 01-22
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Use Basic File Management Techniques and Maintain Health and Safety Requirements
2
Outcome References: 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 02-2
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Use Basic File Management Techniques and Maintain Health and Safety Requirements A Good Working Environment Under the Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 as amended by the Health and Safety (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2002, the employer and computer user have joint responsibility to make sure all workstations are safe and comfortable to use. Ergonomics is the study of factors affecting the performance of people at work. When working with computer equipment, it is well established that a bad working environment can cause certain health problems. Bad working practices (sitting in a fixed position at the keyboard for long periods, making awkward movements with your arms, head or body) can contribute to a variety of ailments ranging from eyestrain to pain and discomforture in the limbs. These are easily preventable by taking time to ensure that your adjustable chair, desk and monitor are positioned correctly. Figure 01 below shows how you can optimise your sitting position in relation to your desk, PC, keyboard, monitor, etc.
Zone 1 - Eyes Ensure you sit at a comfortable viewing distance (38cm - 81cm) and angle that doesn't strain your neck. Glare or reflections should be minimised by tilting and swivelling the monitor as necessary. The top line of the VDU should be just below your eye level. The brightness and contrast of the VDU should be adjusted so that it is easy to read, and there should be no flicker or instability in the image.
Zone 2 - Head, Neck and Shoulders Avoid awkward neck movements. Sustain proper body posture - arrange your workstation to fit your body and needs. Allow enough room to move around.
Zone 3 - Forearms, Wrists and Hands Avoid bending your hands at the wrists when typing. Wrists should remain at a similar height to the key board or mouse. Use of a wrist pad and mouse pad may help. Forearms should be parallel to the floor.
Figure 01
Zone 4 - Back Adjust your seat height for correct posture, sitting well back to take advantage of any lumbar support - don't slouch, shoulders and hips in a straight line. Avoid sitting in the same position for long periods. MAW Design Services
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Zone 5 - Legs and Feet Adjust your chair to the correct seat height - thighs parallel to the floor, feet flat, knees level with your hips. Also ensure adequate space from the back of knees to the seat - they should be slightly higher than the chair seat. A footrest may be of help for some users.
General Take frequent breaks to get up and move about to help invigorate your muscles, relax your eyes and stimulate blood flow. The keyboard and monitor should be cleaned regularly, and adequate lighting and ventilation should be in place. Ergonomic equipment works with your body's natural movements, thereby avoiding awkward movements and physiological stress.
Eyestrain and Headaches Looking at a monitor for long periods of time without a break can make your eyes tired and cause headaches.
• Using a large good quality monitor that produces a clear image on the screen may help reduce this problem. The rate at which the monitor renews (refreshes) this image is also important. Higher image refresh rates are often more comfortable than lower ones, because they reduce visible flicker on the screen.
• Adequate lighting should be provided. If the ambient lighting level is too low, you will experience increased glare from the monitor screen. If it is too high, you will experience glare from the lighting itself. Also, no light should be reflected from the screen.
• Filters that reduce glare from the screen are available. However, these are not a substitute for adequate lighting.
Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) RSI is a complaint that occurs when the same task is carried out repeatedly for a long period of time, making use of the same muscles continuously.
• RSI has been linked with the use of the mouse/trackball and keyboard. • Ergonomically designed, angled keyboards are now available to reduce the risk of strain injury through typing.
Back Pain Sitting at a CAD workstation in a bad posture can cause lower back pain. This is especially true if you sit for long periods of time without getting up. To help prevent back pain, monitors and workstations should be positioned at the correct height for the user and adjustable chairs that provide support to the user's lower back should be used. Section 02-4
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Ventilation Adequate ventilation is also important when using computer equipment. Computers and monitors give off a lot of heat and make the surrounding air very dry. This can cause your eyes and throat to become dray and uncomfortable if there is an insufficient supply of fresh air. Also, some printers give off toxic fumes, so good ventilation is essential if these are kept in the same room where you are working.
Health and Safety Guidelines The Environmental Health Department of your Local Authority is responsible for the enforcement of health and safety legislation, and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is responsible for developing health and safety standards throughout the UK (website www.hse.gov.uk).
Some Important Points... • When spending a long time at a CAD workstation, look after your health by taking regular breaks of at least 10 minutes per hour, spent walking around rather that stretching at the desk.
• You should adjust your chair and monitor to find the most comfortable working position.
• Using a mouse/trackball or a keyboard has been linked to Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI). Therefore, take regular breaks from using them.
• When sitting down for long periods, you should make sure that your back is well supported in order to avoid damaging it. Avoid sitting in the same position for long periods, adjust your posture as often as is practicable.
• Avoid repeatedly having to stretch to reach things you need. If this continually happens, rearrange your workspace.
• If your workspace is limited, place any readable material on the side of your dominant eye.
• Keep your workstation in a clean, cool and dust free environment. • Make sure your power points are not overloaded. Overloaded power points are a potential fire risk.
• Make sure that all cables are secured safely at the back of your workstation where they cannot be tripped over or pulled out of your computer by accident.
• Know where the fire extinguishers are located and the emergency evacuation route out of the building in the event of a fire.
• Know where the Assembly Point is located.
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Switching Off Your Computer Switching off your computer without shutting it down properly may damage any files or data that are still in use. To switch off your computer correctly:
• Save any files (in particular drawings) you are working on. If you switch off your computer without saving these files, you will lose any changes you have made since the last time you saved them.
• Exit from any application (in particular AutoCAD) software you are using. • Shut down your Operating System in the recommended manner.
Computer Crashes Despite the best efforts of programmers, software will sometimes go wrong and stop the computer working. Often when this happens, the computer locks up. That is, it does not respond to any input or commands. To help regain control of your computer, you can try simultaneously pressing the [Ctrl] + [Alt] + [Delete] keys on your keyboard. This may cause your computer to do one of the following:
• Display a warning screen describing the fault, and explaining the options you have to continue and what may happen as a result.
• Windows XP: Display the "Windows Task Manager" dialog box listing all the programs that are running and which of them are not responding. You may be able to use this dialog box to exit from the program(s) causing the problem and so regain control of your computer - you will lose any unsaved data from those programs.
• Windows Vista: Display a menu from which "Start Task Manager" may be selected. If above doesn't enable you to regain use of your computer again, you will have to reset or switch off your computer.
Resetting the Computer Resetting your computer will force it to perform a warm (or soft) boot, ie exit from the Operating System and re-read its startup instructions. To reset your computer, press its reset button, usually located on the front of the computer and may be labelled Reset.
Switching Off the Computer If you choose the option of switching off your computer and then back on again, it is known as a cold boot. Firstly press the power button to switch off the computer, then wait until the computer has completely powered down and the hard disk has stopped spinning (you should be able to hear this happen), and then wait about 15 seconds before switching the computer back on again. Section 02-6
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Note:
When you restart your computer following a crash, the Operating System may perform a system check as it loads. It may run a program called ScanDisk or CheckDisk, which examines the files and folders on your hard disk for any errors and hopefully repairs them. The system check will usually run automatically.
Power Cuts If there is a power cut, it has the same effect as turning off your computer without shutting down the Operating System - you will lose any unsaved data.
• When power comes back on and you restart your computer, the Operating System may perform a system check as it loads.
• To help prevent data loss, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) can be used, which is a battery powered device attached to your computer that protects against power cuts. If there is a power cut, the UPS continues to supply power to the computer so that you can shut it down properly without losing any data or causing any damage to the hard disk.
Preventing Data Loss The following guidelines will help in preventing the loss of data:
Set up your CAD Workstation in a Safe Environment Your computer should be located in a dry, cool, controlled environment that is clean and dust-free. Placing your computer in a low-traffic area will also protect your system and storage media from harmful jarring or bumping.
Backup your Data Regularly Creating regular backups is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself from losing data. Back up data on the hard disk at least once a week (daily if necessay) with reliable tapes or other large storage devices, and always verify that the correct data has been backed up. Smaller amounts of data may be backed up or archived to such devices as floppy disks, zip disks or CD-ROM's, with the former two being write protected as an added precaution.
Use an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) In the event of an electricity surge or lightning strike, an Uninterruptible Power Supply will protect your computer from being fried. If UPS is not an available or economical solution, a power surge protector is a good investment.
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Use Anti-Virus Software Computer viruses are one of the worst enemies to your computer. Good anti-virus software (updated regularly) tests your system for sequences of code unique to each known computer virus and notifies you of any infecting invader, allowing you to then eliminate it.
Be Aware of Strange noises If you hear a strange noise or a grinding sound, turn off your computer immediately and call in an expert. Further operation may damage your hard drive beyond repair.
Software Copyright Most software is copyrighted, which means that the right to make copies lies only with its originator (or those who have been given permission to copy). The same law applies to a number of different products, such as pre-recorded videotapes, music CD's and certain reading material. It is illegal to copy, share or lend copyrighted material.
• As with videotapes and CD's, copying software is contrary to The Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 which protects the work of playwrights and artists, but also covers software.
• A company may have hundreds of employees who need the same software on their computers. Software manufacturers do not expect such companies to buy indi vidual copies of the software for each employee. Instead, they will issue a licence, which means that the company can install the software on an agreed number of computers for their employees to use. For example, Microsoft Office and Autodesk software products.
• If the site has a large number of computers, these computers are often networked. This means that software bought under licence can be installed onto a network server so that all authorised users can access it without it being installed on each individual computer.
Shareware and Freeware While most software is copyrighted, there are some exceptions:
• Shareware - This is software you can install free of charge so that you can evaluate it for a limited period of time. If you decide to continue using the software after this period, you should register it for a fee. When you register the software, you often become entitled to extra features and support.
• Freeware - This is software that is available completely free of charge, without limitation. For example, Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Section 02-8
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The Data Protection Act The Data Protection Act 1984 regulates how personal data is collected, stored and used. Confidentiality (ie the right to keep sensitive and personal information private) is now the right of each individual. You now have some control over how information about you is used, and can prevent data being passed between companies for marketing purposes, eg mass mailings. The main points of the Data Protection Act are as follows:
• Any organisation holding personal data in a computer system must register with a Data Protection Registrar whose job it is to see that the Act is enforced.
• When they register, companies must specify the purposes for which they intend to use the data. Data must then be fairly and lawfully obtained (ie not under false pretences), and must only be used for a purpose that has been registered.
• An individual has the right to know whether any information is held about him or her, and to request to see that information. For example, if an individual is refused credit, they are entitled to be told the name of the credit checking agency who must then, in turn, tell them what information is held about them.
• If any information held about an individual is wrong, it must be changed or deleted. • Data must not be given to anyone that is not entitled to it. It must be protected against unauthorised access, deletion, alteration or disclosure.
Exemptions There are exemptions from the Act, including:
• Data not held on a computer. The Act only applies to computerised records. • Medical records and records associated with crime ot taxation You are not entitled to see your medical records without the permission of your doctor, the police do not have to disclose any personal data held for the detection or prevention of crime, and the tax authorities do not have to disclose their tax records.
• Data associated with National Security. Any information deemed to be a risk to National Security can be withheld.
• Records held for internal company business (such as calculating wages), and records held for personal, family or recreational purposes. These records do not have to be registered.
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Units of Computer Memory Measurement Bits and Bytes The smallest component of computer data is a bit. Each bit can be in one of two states: 1 or 0 with the 1 standing for On and the 0 standing for Off. Bits are combined in sets of eight to form characters, such as letters from the alphabet. For example, 01000001 is used to represent the letter A in binary code. This group of eight bits make up a byte.
Kilobytes • A kilobyte (KB) is often used to measure the download speed in seconds, on the Internet (KB/s) and the size of files.
• A kilobyte is 1,024 bytes. Megabytes • A megabyte (MB) is often used to measure the storage capacity of a disk or the amount of main memory. For example, a floppy disk can only store 1.44MB of data.
• A megabyte is 1,048,576 bytes (1,024 x 1,024 bytes or 1,024 kilobytes). Gigabytes • A gigabyte (GB) is equivalent to 1,024MB. The memory capacity of many large storage devices, such as hard drives, is measured in gigabytes.
Terabytes • A terabyte (TB) is equivalent to 1,024GB. Files • A file is a collection of information stored as a single unit. When they have been saved, any of the following may be regarded as a file: - A computer program. - An Autodesk Inventor part. - Word-processed text. - A spreadsheet. - A computer graphic.
File Sizes The size of a file depends on the amount of data it contains and hence, the amount of storage space required. For example, Autodesk Inventor data files can vary from small (say 100KB) to over 5MB in size for very large drawings.
Section 02-10
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Folder (Directory) Sizes When you have a number of related files stored on your computer, you may want to store them in a folder. You can think of a folder as being like a drawer in a filing cabinet.
• An empty folder does not contain any data (obviously). However, as a folder usually contains a number of files, the combined size of these files may mean the folder contains several thousand kilobytes (or several magabytes) of data.
• If you have a great many folders, each containing a number of files, the total amount of space required to store (and back up) all the data may run into several thousand megabytes (or several gigabytes). It is therefore easy to see how space on storage devices, such as hards disks, can be quickly be used up.
• Old and unused files (but still needed), should be archived to an external storage device to free up much needed hard disk space. Compression software may be used to reduce the file size and zipped for future retrieval.
Autodesk Inventor Folder Structure Your hard disk(s) should be organised into a series of folders and sub-folders for ease of use. Autodesk Inventor, when installed, automatically creates its own structure similar to that shown in Figure 02, and is usually installed on the C: drive under Program Files. Note: The Student/2010 4353-21 folders are not automatically created, but will need to be added (if not already created) and is where all the course files you will be using, are located. Tutor to advise if Autodesk Inventor and/or the course files have been installed elsewhere.
Figure 02 Windows XP Theme
Figure 03 Windows Vista Theme MAW Design Services
Section 02-11
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Windows Explorer (Microsoft Windows XP) Windows Explorer can be used to undertake 'housekeeping' routines on the hard disk(s), and floppy or zip disks. For example, creating new folders (directories), and moving, copying, or deleting files. Note: If you are using the Windows Vista operating system, ignore the following and turn to Section 02-30.
Accessing Windows Explorer Accessing Windows Explorer can be by one of two methods:
• Method 1 - Right-click on the Start button and from the pop-up menu, click on Explore.
• Method 2 - Left-click on the Start button and depending on which Windows Desktop style you are using, a pop-up window will be displayed similar to Figure 02 or Figure 03 below. Figure 01 Method 1
Figure 02 Method 2 (Start Menu)
Figure 03 Method 2 (Start Menu Classic)
Move the mouse cursor up to All Programs or Programs accordingly, then slide across onto the programs listing, and from the Accessories list, select Windows Explorer. When loaded, Windows Explorer should look similar to Figure 04 with all the folders and sub-folders listed in left-hand window pane, and the folders and any files shown for the highlighted folder, displayed in the right-hand window pane. Section 02-12
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Figure 04 Windows Explorer
Note: Don't expect the folder structure displayed in Figure 04 to correspond with the one you will see on screen, as this is for illustration only.
Clicking View on the Menu bar will allow you to view your folders and files by different means:
• • • • •
Thumbnails - including AutoCAD and Inventor files Tiles - as illustrated Icons - Name and type of file List - Name only Details - Name, Size, Type, and Date Modified
Minimize, Restore Down, and Maximize are used in the same manner as detailed in Section 01. To resize Windows Explorer, point the mouse cursor over the edge or corner of the outer window until a double-arrow appears, then click and hold down the mouse button to drag the window to the required shape or size.
Figure 05 View
To move Windows Explorer, click and hold down the left mouse button on its Title bar, and drag to the required position. To close Windows Explorer, click File on the Menu bar and select Close ( or click on the Close button in the top right-hand corner of the dialog box).
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Figure 06 Close Section 02-13
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Exercise - File Management In order not to disturb the file structure on the hard disk, this exercise will be carried out in the 2010 4353-21 folder under Student (where the course files are located). Tutors Note:
Tutor to ensure there are two folders with sub-folders and their relevant files, under the 2010 4353-21 folder in preparation for this exercise - see the section on Tutor Guidance and Autodesk Inventor Configuration.
Creating Folders (Directories) Folders are created in order to place and store related files. This is always good practice, as it makes it easier to locate files at a later date. To create a new folder under the 2010 4353-21 folder: 1
On Windows Desktop, open Windows Explorer (refer to previous notes if necessary).
2
Navigate to the 2010 4353-21 folder (C:\Student\2010 4353-21 - Tutor to advise if different) and click on it to display its contents in the right-hand pane (two existing folders called File Management Ex Backup and File Management Exercise and the remainder being course folders).
Figure 07 Windows Explorer - Student > File Management Exercise
Section 02-14
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3
With the File Management Exercise folder highlighted in the left pane click File on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list click New, then Folder.
4
By default the folder is called New Folder.
Figure 08 Windows Explorer - Inventor Files Folder
5
Rename this new folder Inventor Files by over-typing the highlighted default name, and then press the [RETURN / ENTER] key to complete.
6
Repeat Items 2 to 5 and create one more new folder under File Management Exercise called Graphics. Note: Don't forget to click on File Management Exercise to highlight it before clicking on File. Also note that when Windows Explorer is refreshed, the folders will be displayed in alphabetical order. Figure 09
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Creating Sub-Folders Sub-folders can be created within existing folders, and/or sub-folders within existing subfolders. 1
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder to display all the folders (now listed underneath), then click on the Inventor Files folder to highlight it (shows an empty pane). Note: These folders can also be displayed by clicking on the small box next to File Management Exercise folder icon, and closed by clicking on the small box.
Figure 10
Figure 11
2
With Inventor Files highlighted, click on File on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list click New, then Folder.
3
By default this new sub-folder is called New Folder.
4
Call this new sub-folder Project Files by over-typing the highlighted default name, and then press the [RETURN / ENTER] key to complete.
Copying a File from One Folder to Another Files can be copied in a number of different ways.....
Method 1 - Copy and Paste 1
In the left-hand pane, click on File Management Exercise to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
Click on the File Management folder to open it (or in the right-hand pane, doubleclick on File Management to open the folder).
3
In the right-hand pane, click on 4353 Level1 to highlight it, then right-click to display a pop-up menu and click on Copy - Figure 13 (or whilst 4353 Level1 is highlighted, click on Edit on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list, click on Copy - Figure 14). Either way, this copies the file (4353 Level1.ipj) to the Windows Clipboard.
Section 02-16
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Figure 13 Figure 12 Level1.ipj
Figure 13 Copy (Right-Click on the File > Copy)
Figure 14 Copy (Click on Edit > Copy)
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Section 02-17
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4
Inventor Training
In the left-hand pane right-click on the Graphics folder to display a pop-up menu, and click on Paste - Figure 16 (or highlight the Graphics folder and click Edit on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list, click on Paste - Figure 17).
Figure 15 Project Files
Figure 16 Paste (Right-Click on Sub-Folder)
Figure 17 Paste (Click on Edit)
Note: This is a common occurance in file management and is known as Copy and Paste. Section 02-18
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Method 2 - Drag and Drop (Copy) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder then the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the left-hand pane, ensure the Project Files sub-folder is visible by clicking on the small box next to the Inventor Files folder if necessary.
4
In the right-hand pane, click on 4353 Level1 with the right-mouse button and keep your finger pressed on it.
Figure 18 Drag and Drop - Copy
5
Now drag the file (4353 Level1) with the mouse into the left-hand pane and over the Project Files sub-folder until its highlighted, then let go of the mouse button. This displays a pop-up Context menu allowing you to click Copy Here and hence, copy the file.
Figure 19 Copy Here
Note: This is also a common occurance in file management and is known as Drag and Drop.
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Section 02-19
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Moving a File from One Folder to Another Files can be moved in a number of different ways.....
Method 1 - Cut and Paste 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to display the folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder then the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the right-hand pane, click on Conduit Tee to highlight it, then right-click to display a pop-up menu and click on Cut - Figure 21 (or whilst the Conduit Tee is highlighted, click on Edit on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list, click on Cut - Figure 22). Either way, this copies the file (Conduit Tee.png) to the Windows Clipboard and deletes it from the File Management folder.
Figure 20
Figure 21 Cut (Right-Click on File)
Figure 22 Cut (Click on Edit) Section 02-20
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4
In the left-hand pane right-click on the Graphics sub-folder to display a pop-up menu, and click on Paste - Figure 24 (or highlight the Graphics Files folder and click on Edit on the Menu bar and from the pull-down list, click on Paste - Figure 25).
Figure 23
Figure 24 Paste (Right-Click on Folder)
Figure 25 Paste (Click on Edit)
Note: This is a common occurance in file management and is known as Cut and Paste. MAW Design Services
Section 02-21
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Method 2 - Drag and Drop (Move) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to display the folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder then the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the right-hand pane, click on Steel Collar with the right-mouse button and keep your finger pressed on it.
4
Now drag the file (Steel Collar) with the mouse into the left-hand pane and over the Inventor Files folder until the folder is highlighted, then let go of the mouse button.
Figure 26 Drag and Drop - Move
This displays a pop-up Context menu allowing you to click Move Here and hence, move the file.
Figure 27 Move Here
Section 02-22
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SELF ASSESSMENT 1
Using any method, move the Bevel Square and Base Plate files from the File Management folder into the Inventor Files folder.
2
Change the File Management folder view style by clicking on View on the Menu bar, then Details.
Figure 28 View>Details
3
Using any method, copy the C&G Logo and Valve Casting files from the File Management folder into the Graphics folder. Note: To highlight (select) more than one file at once: Hold down the [CTRL] key and click on the required files to select non-consecutive files (as required above). Hold down the [SHIFT] key and click the first and last file required to select consecutive files.
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Section 02-23
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Renaming a File (or Folder) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the Inventor Files folder to open it (or in the righthand pane, double-click on Inventor Files to open the folder).
3
Now click on the Project Files sub-folder to open it (or in the right-hand pane, double-click on Project Files to open the sub-folder).
4
In the right-hand pane, right-click on the 4353 Level1 file and from the pop-up menu, click on Rename.
Figure 29 4353 Level1.ipj > Rename
Figure 30 Rename
Figure 31
This highlights the old filename - simply over-type it with Project Level1 and press the [RETURN] key to Rename the file. Note: An alternative method in selecting a file (or folder) for renaming is to click on the file - pause - click again, and the old filename is highlighted ready for over-typing. Section 02-24
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Deleting a File or Folder 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the Graphics folder to open it (or in the right-hand pane, double-click on Graphics to open the folder).
3
In the right-hand pane, right-click on the Valve Casting file and from the pop-up menu, click on Delete.
Figure 32 Valve Casting.wmf > Delete
Figure 33 Delete
Figure 34 Confirm File Delete
This displays the "Confirm File Delete" dialog box - click the Yes button to delete the file (or press the [RETURN] key). Note: An alternative method to delete a file (or folder) is to click on the file to highlight it, then press the [Delete] key on the keyboard. Multiple selections can also be made by use of the [SHIFT] or [CTRL] keys. MAW Design Services
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File Search If you know of a file that's located on your computer, but don't know its location, it can be searched for. 1
Click on the Search button located on the Standard toolbar in Windows Explorer.
Figure 35 Search
2
In the What do you want to search for? area, click on All files and folders. Type presentation 3 in the All or part of the file name: edit box and in the Look in: edit box, click the down-arrow and select from the pop-up list the hard disk drive where the Course Files (or Autodesk Inventor files) have been installed. Note: This will probably be C: drive - Tutor to advise if necessary.
3
Section 02-26
Now click on the Search button.
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Figure 36 Search Results > Presentation 3.bmp
4
The search has found a number of Inventor Background files: Presentation 3.bmp double-click on one of them to view the image, then close it down and return to the Search Results dialog box.
5
In answer to the question, ..... Did you find what you wanted?, click on Yes, finished seaching.
6
Close down the Search Results dialog box.
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SELF ASSESSMENT 1
Using any method, delete the 4353 Level1 file from the Graphics folder.
2
Using any method, rename the Base Plate file in the Inventor Files folder, to Bottom Plate Drawing.
3
Create a new Folder under File Management Exercise and call it General.
4
Copy all the files in the File Management folder to the new General folder as a back up.
5
In the File Management folder, double-click on the Readme file to open it in Notepad.
6
Having read the message, Close down Notepad.
7
In the Inventor Files folder, double-click on the Steel Collar file to open it in Inventor.
8
Close down Inventor and don't save any changes if asked for.
Housekeeping and Preparing for the Next User This final exercise is to prepare the folders and files in readiness for the next user, i.e. to leave the folders and files in the same state in which they were found. Please complete this exercise if you had a go at the preceding File Management Exercise in order to help others who follow you. 1
In the left-hand plane, click on File Management Exercise to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
Click in the right-hand pane and select all the sub-folders by pressing [Ctrl+A] on the keyboard. Note: This action selects all the sub-folders (and files) in the current folder.
Figure 37 [Ctrl+A] > [Delete]
Section 02-28
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3
Press the [Delete] key on the keyboard to display the Confirm Multiple File Delete dialog box.
Figure 38 Confirm Multiple File Delete
If all is OK, click the Yes button. 4
In the left-hand plane, click on File Management Ex Backup to display its sub-folder.
5
Click in the right-hand pane and select the File Management sub-folder and copy it (the whole folder) into the File Management Exercise folder.
This completes Section 02, please hand back the newly formatted disk to your Tutor, before moving on to Section 03.
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Windows Explorer (Microsoft Windows Vista) Windows Explorer can be use to undertake 'housekeeping' routines on both the hard disk(s) and floppy or zip disks. For example, creating new folders (directories), and moving, copying, or deleting files. Note: If you are using the Windows XP operating system, ignore the following and either revert back to Section 02-12 or move on to Section 03.
Accessing Windows Explorer Accessing Windows Explorer can be by one of two methods:
• Method 1 - Right-click on the Start button and from the pop-up menu, click on Explore.
Figure 01 Method 1
• Method 2 - Left-click on the Start button and depending on which Windows Desktop style you are using, a pop-up window will be displayed similar to Figure 02 below.
Start Menu
Start Menu Classic Figure 02 Method 2 Section 02-30
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Click on All Programs or Programs accordingly, then locate the Accessories folder and
• Method 3 - Left-click on the Start button and enter Windows Explorer in the Start Search box and press [RETURN], or select from the original listing if available.
Figure 03 Method 3
When loaded, Windows Explorer should look similar to Figure 04 with all the folders and sub-folders listed in left-hand window, and the folders and any files shown for the highlighted folder, displayed in the right-hand window.
Figure 04 Windows Explorer
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Note 2: Although Windows Explorer displays a specific dialog box, an alternative one to select in Windows Vista would be the Computer dialog box. Click the Start button, then select Computer from the right-hand listing.
Figure 05 Computer
Clicking the down-arrow on Views on the Menu bar will display a pop-up menu, allowing you to view your folders and files by different means:
• • • • • • •
Extra Large Icons - Name and type Large Icons - Name and type Medium Icons - Name and type Small Icons - Name and type List - Name only Details - Name, Size, Type and Date Modified Tiles - as illustrated (Figure 04)
Figure 06 Views
Minimize, Restore Down and Maximize are used in the same manner as detailed in Section 01. To resize Windows Explorer, point the mouse cursor over the edge or corner of the outer window until a double-arrow appears, then click and hold down the mouse button to drag the window to the required shape or size. To move Windows Explorer, click and hold down the left mouse button on its top bar, and drag to the required position. To close Windows Explorer, right-click on the top bar and select Close from the pop-up menu (or click on the Close button in the top right-hand corner of the dialog box). Section 02-32
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Exercise - File Management (Windows Vista) In order not to disturb the file structure on the hard disk, this exercise will be carried out in the 2010 4353-21 folder under Student (where the course files are located). Tutors Note:
Tutor to ensure there are two folders with sub-folders and their relevant files, under the 2010 4353-21 folder in preparation for this exercise - see the section on Tutor Guidance and Autodesk Inventor Configuration.
Creating Folders (Directories) Folders are created in order to place and store related files. This is always good practice, as it makes it easier to locate files at a later date. To create a new folder under the 2010 4353-21 folder: 1
On Windows Desktop, open Windows Explorer (refer to previous notes if necessary).
2
Navigate to the 2010 4353-21 folder (C:\Student\2010 4353-21 - Tutor to advise if different) and click on it to display its contents in the right-hand pane (two existing folders called File Management Ex Backup and File Management Exercise and the remainder being course folders).
Figure 01 Windows Explorer - Student > File Management Exercise
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3
With the File Management Exercise folder highlighted in the left pane, right-click in the right pane and from the pop-up menu, select New, then Folder.
4
By default the new folder is called New Folder.
Figure 02 Inventor Files Folder
5
Rename this new folder Inventor Files by over-typing the highlighted default name, and then press the [RETURN / ENTER] key to complete.
6
Repeat items 3 to 5 and create one more new folder under File Management Exercise called Graphics. Note: In the left pane, don't forget to click on File Management Exercise to highlight it before clicking in the right pane. Also note that when Windows Explorer is refreshed, the folders will be displayed in alphabetical order.
Figure 03 File Management Exercise Sub-Folders Section 02-34
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Creating Sub-Folders Sub-folders can be created within existing folders, and/or sub-folders within existing subfolders. 1
In the left-hand pane, click on the triangular arrow to the left of the File Management Exercise folder to display all the folders (now listed underneath), then click on the Inventor Files folder to highlight it (shows an empty right pane). Note: These folders are displayed by clicking on this small triangle next to the File Management Exercise folder icon, and closed by clicking on this small triangle.
Figure 04
Figure 05
2
With Inventor Files highlighted in the left pane, right-click in the right pane and from the pop-up menu, select New, then Folder.
3
By default this new sub-folder is called New Folder.
4
Rename this new sub-folder Project Files by over-typing the highlighted default name, and then press the [RETURN / ENTER] key to complete.
Copying a File from One Folder to Another Files can be copied in a number of different ways.....
Method 1 - Copy and Paste 1
In the left-hand pane, click on File Management Exercise and display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
Click on the File Management folder to open it (or in the right-hand pane, doubleclick on File Management to open the folder).
3
In the right-hand pane, click on 4353 Level1 to highlight it, then right-click to display the pop-up menu and click on Copy - Figure 06. This copies the file (4353 Level1.ipj) to the Windows Clipboard.
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Figure 13 Figure 12 Level1.ipj
Figure 06 Copy - Right-Click > Copy
4
In the left-hand pane right-click on the Graphics folder to display the pop-up menu, and click on Paste - Figure 07
.
Section 02-36
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Figure 15 Project Files
Figure 07 Paste (Right-Click on Sub-Folder)
Note: This is a common occurance in file management and is known as Copy and Paste.
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Method 2 - Drag and Drop (Copy) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 and display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder and display the sub-folders, then click the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the left-hand pane, ensure the Project Files sub-folder is visible by clicking on the small triangle next to the Inventor Files folder if necessary.
4
In the right-hand pane, click on 4353 Level1 with the right-mouse button and keep your finger pressed on it.
Figure 08 Drag and Drop - Copy
5
Now drag the file (4353 Level1) with the mouse into the left-hand pane and over the Project Files sub-folder until its highlighted, then let go of the mouse button. This displays a pop-up Context menu allowing you to click Copy Here and hence, copy the file.
Figure 09 Copy Here
Note: This is also a common occurance in file management and is known as Drag and Drop.
Section 02-38
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Moving a File from One Folder to Another Files can be moved in a number of different ways.....
Method 1 - Cut and Paste 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 and display the folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder and display the sub-folders, then click the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the right-hand pane, click on Conduit Tee to highlight it, then right-click to display a pop-up menu and click on Cut - Figure 10. This copies the file (Conduit Tee.png) to the Windows Clipboard and deletes it from the File Management folder.
Figure 10 Cut (Right-Click > Cut)
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In the left-hand pane right-click on the Graphics sub-folder to display the pop-up menu, and click on Paste - Figure 11.
Figure 11 Paste (Right-Click > Paste)
Note: This is a common occurance in file management and is known as Cut and Paste. Section 02-40
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Method 2 - Drag and Drop (Move) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 and display the folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the File Management Exercise folder and display the sub-folders, then click the File Management sub-folder to open it.
3
In the right-hand pane, click on Steel Collar with the right-mouse button and keep your finger pressed on it.
4
Now drag the file (Steel Collar) with the mouse into the left-hand pane and over the Inventor Files folder until the folder is highlighted, then let go of the mouse button.
Figure 12 Drag and Drop - Move
This displays a pop-up Context menu allowing you to click Move Here and hence, move the file.
Figure 13 Move Here
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SELF ASSESSMENT 1
Using any method, move the Bevel Square and Base Plate files from the File Management folder into the Inventor Files folder.
2
Change the File Management folder view style by displaying the Views drop-down menu on the Menu bar, and then selecting List.
Figure 14 View > List
3
Using any method, copy the C&G Logo and Valve Casting files from the File Management folder into the Graphics folder. Note: To highlight (select) more than one file at once: Hold down the [CTRL] key and click on the required files to select non-consecutive files (as required above). Hold down the [SHIFT] key and click the first and last file required to select consecutive files.
Section 02-42
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Renaming a File (or Folder) 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 and display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the Inventor Files folder to open it.
3
Now click on the Project Files sub-folder to open it (or in the right-hand pane, double-click on Project Files to open the sub-folder).
4
In the right-hand pane, change the Views style to Tiles and right-click on the 4353 Level1 file and from the pop-up menu, click on Rename.
Figure 15 4353 Level1.ipj > Rename
Figure 16
This highlights the old filename - simply over-type it with Project Level1 and press the [RETURN] key to Rename the file. Note: An alternative method in selecting a file (or folder) for renaming is to click on the file - pause - click again, and the old filename is highlighted ready for over-typing. MAW Design Services
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Deleting a File or Folder 1
In the left-hand pane, click on 2010 4353-21 and display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
In the left-hand pane, click on the Graphics folder to open it .
3
In the right-hand pane, change the Views style to Tiles and right-click on the Valve Casting file and from the pop-up menu, click on Delete.
Figure 17 Valve Casting.wmf > Delete
Figure 18 Confirm File Delete
This displays the "Delete File" dialog box - click the Yes button to delete the file. Note: An alternative method to delete a file (or folder) is to click on the file to highlight it, then press the [Delete] key on the keyboard. Multiple selections can also be made by use of the [SHIFT] or [CTRL] keys. Section 02-44
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File Search If you know of a file that's located on your computer, but don't know its location, it can be searched for. 1
In the left pane, click on 2010 4353-21 to open up the folder structure.
2
In the top right-hand search text box, type slowly (for now) the name of the file you're looking for, presentation 3 in this case, and note how as each character is typed, the search results illustrated in the right pane get less and less the closer you get to the final spelling. Note: The final result may even be listed before you've finished typing the filename being searched for!
Figure 19 Search > Presentation 3
Note: The search should have found an Inventor Background file and may be loaded into a Graphics application package by double-clicking on it, or copied, or moved by right-clicking and selecting Copy or Move from the pop-up context menu.
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Figure 20 Search Results > Presentation 3.bmp
Section 02-46
3
Right-click on the presentation 3 file just found and click on Copy from the context menu.
4
In the left pane, click on 2010 4353-21 (if necessary) to open its folder structure, then right-click on the Inventor Files folder and from the context menu, select Paste.
5
Now check the Inventor Files folder to ensure that the file has been safely pasted to the folder. MAW Design Services
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SELF ASSESSMENT 1
Using any method, delete the 4353 Level1 file from the Graphics folder.
2
Using any method, rename the Base Plate file in the Inventor Files folder, to Bottom Plate Drawing.
3
Create a new Folder under File Management Exercise and call it General.
4
Copy all the files in the File Management folder to the new General folder as a back up.
5
In the File Management folder, double-click on the Readme file to open it in Notepad.
6
Having read the message, Close down Notepad.
7
In the Inventor Files folder, double-click on the Steel Collar file to open it in Inventor.
8
Close down Inventor and don't save any changes if asked for.
Housekeeping and Preparing for the Next User This final exercise is to prepare the folders and files in readiness for the next user, i.e. to leave the folders and files in the same state in which they were found. Please complete this exercise if you had a go at the preceding File Management Exercise in order to help others who follow you. 1
In the left-hand plane, click on File Management Exercise to display the sub-folders if not already visible.
2
Click in the right-hand pane and select all the sub-folders by pressing [Ctrl+A] on the keyboard. Note: This action selects all the sub-folders (and files) in the current folder.
Figure 21 [Ctrl+A] > [Delete]
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Press the [Delete] key on the keyboard to display the Confirm Multiple File Delete dialog box.
Figure 22 Confirm Multiple File Delete
If all is OK, click the Yes button. 4
In the left-hand plane, click on File Management Ex Backup and display its sub-folder.
5
Click in the right-hand pane and select the File Management sub-folder and copy it (the whole folder) into the File Management Exercise folder.
This completes Section 02, please hand back the newly formatted disk to your Tutor, before moving on to Section 03.
Section 02-48
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Understand the Parametric Modelling Process, the User Interface and How to Access Help and Tutorials
3
Outcome References: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 03-2
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Understand the Parametric Modelling Process, the User Interface and How to Access Help Tutorials 3.1 Use Toolbars and Other Menus to Access Commands An Overview When Autodesk Inventor is first loaded for a design session, a blank workspace is displayed. Clicking the Open button on the Ribbon will display its dialog box showing the folder content of the default project.
Open Dialog Box - An Overview Selecting a file and clicking the Open button, will open the file in the environment in which it was created.
Locations (top left-hand window): This presents the folders defined in the active project file.
Main Window (right): All the files and folders contained in the selected location are listed here.
Preview Window: This displays a preview of the selected Autodesk Inventor file.
Standard Windows Navigation Buttons: Autodesk Inventor uses standard Microsoft Windows navigation tools in all of its file-related dialog boxes.
Figure 01 Getting Started Tab > Open
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New File Clicking the Start a new file button on the Quick Launch toolbar on the Open dialog box, will list all available templates for creating Autodesk Inventor files. Figure 02 Quick Launch Toolbar
Default tab: Lists the default templates based upon the default units that were selected during installation.
English tab: Lists the available English Unit templates (beware - imperial units!).
Metric tab: Lists the available Metric Unit templates.
Figure 03 Open > New File
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Projects Clicking the Projects... button will display the Projects dialog box.
List of Available Projects (Upper Window): Double-clicking on a Project name will make it active. The active project has a check mark next to the project name. The Project location column displays the path where the project is stored.
Project Definition (Lower Window): This pane displays the project categories and paths defined for each category.
Figure 04 Open > Projects
The User Interface The User Interface can offer various environments from which to work in. The four main environments are as follows:
Part Assembly Presentation Drawing Sheet
The above working environments, the files that are created within them, and the parametric links between them are all held within a working Project. A Project file defines the location of files and ensures that the various file types reference each other correctly.
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Exercise - Project 1 Autodesk Inventor 2010
Load Inventor (if not already loaded) by either double-clicking on the Inventor Icon on the desktop or click the Start then Programs method, and from the applications listed, select the Inventor software. On the Launch panel of the Get Started tab, click Open to display the Open dialog box.
Figure 05 Autodesk Inventor > Open
2
Click the Projects... button to display the Projects dialog box.
Figure 06 Projects Section 03-6
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3
To create a new Project, click the New button at the bottom of the dialog box to display the Inventor project wizard.
Figure 07 Inventor project wizard
4
Select the New Single User Project radio button and click the Next button. Enter Bracket (use a meaningful name to reflect the project in hand) in the Name text box and click the Next button. Select Libraries (for Inventor 2010) under Logical name and add to the New Project:, then click Finish. At the start of your Inventor design modelling session, you would decide what design task you would like to carry out and which Project you would like to create or work within, in this case Bracket, so double-click on Bracket under Project name in the Projects dialog box (or select from the Open dialog box) to make it active.
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Click the Done button to return to the Open dialog box and click the Start a new file button to display the New File dialog box.
Figure 08 New File > Standard.ipt
6
To create a part in the Sketch environment, double-click on the Standard.ipt icon (or highlight and click the OK button). You are now ready to begin using sketch geometry, which is covered later in the Section. This completes the Project exercise.
Figure 09 Inventor Modelling Sketch Environment
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Part Modelling Environment The Part Modelling Environment is used to create parts. Part files are saved with an .ipt extension. Parts are created by sketching, constraining, extruding, then featuring. Following this process, further sketch planes can be created in order to add further features to the part, this process is cyclical until the desired part is completed.
1. Sketch 2. Constrain 3. Extrude 4. Feature
Figure 10 Modelling Process
The User Interface within the Part Modelling Environment will give varying options and tools depending on actions that are being carrying out. Initially, it would be expected for Sketch geometry to be used. In the Inventor Modelling Environment (Figure 11), the Draw panel on the Sketch tab of the Ribbon shows a selection of tools for use when sketching, these will be investigated later in the Section.
Figure 11 Sketch Tab > Draw Panel
Some of the commands in the Draw panel have further drop-down menus as can be seen with Fillet and Chamfer shown on the right.
Figure 12 Fillet and Chamfer
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On the left and below the Ribbon is the Model Browser. As the Part is created, this will show all the features of the model in the order in which it was produced, allowing for the order to be changed and the Part to be modified at any stage of its creation.
Figure 13 Model Browser
Once the required geometry has been sketched, it needs to be constrained. There are many ways to constrain geometry and the most commonly used tools are shown in the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab Also constraints can be acquired dynamically when sketching.
Figure 14 Sketch > Constrain
Once a fully constrained sketch is achieved, it needs to be Extruded to give it volume and to create it as a 3D parametric part. Clicking the Finish Sketch button on the Exit panel of the Sketch tab will allow the Model tab to be toggled on in place of the Sketch tab. The various command features will allow the creation of a 3D Part from the constrained 2D Sketch.
Figure 15 Model Tab > Create Panel
Section 03-10
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Figure 18 Model Tab > Modify Panel
Figure 16 Model Tab > Work Features and Pattern Panels
The Model tab is quite comprehensive and holds many tools for manipulating a 2D constrained sketch into a 3D part. Once the basic 3D part has been created, Placed Features can be applied from the same panel bar. Such placed features as fillets, chamfers and holes can easily be achieved.
Assembly Modelling Environment The Assembly Modelling Environment is where various parts can be brought together to create a model. The parts can be adaptive and interact parametrically with each other. An assembly file is saved with a .iam extension (example.iam). Single part modelling is also possible in this environment, enabling the operator to create a new part using existing geometry from another part. Assembly constraints can be placed upon the various placed parts allowing them to react with each other. Using these constraints, animations can be created to show how certain models will react when movement is exerted. Collisions can also be investigated, giving the designer control on the practicalities of the design at a very early stage. Clicking the down-arrow of the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and selecting Assembly will load the Assembly Environment and a context Ribbon. The Design tab can be used to call upon such items as Fasteners, Frames, Power Transmissions, and Springs. These give the designer further tools to create set parts very quickly; in effect they are wizards that will help design standard components and fittings very quickly with the minimal of user input.
Figure 17 Assembly
Figure 18 Assemble Tab > Component Panel MAW Design Services
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Figure 19 Design Tab > Fasten and Frame Panels
Figure 20 Design Tab > Power Transmission and Spring Panels
Presentation Environment Once an assembly has been completed, a Presentation file (.ipn) can be created to show how an assembly is put together or taken apart. The various placed components are tweaked away from each other to show an exploded model. A Presentation file can then be created and saved as an animated set of images, either as a wmv or an avi file. These files can be sent by email to a distant recipient, giving the chance to view a complex assembly method prior to the assembly being made. Camera rotations, zooms, parts rotations and a good choice of materials can all be combined to give a very high quality representation of the finished article. Clicking the down-arrow of the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and selecting Presentation will load the Presentation Environment and a context Ribbon.
Figure 21 Presentation
Figure 22 Presentation Tab > Create Panel
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Drawing Sheet Environment In the Drawing Sheet Environment, parts and assemblies can be shown in 1st or 3rd angle projection, using various sheet sizes, borders, title blocks, and sketched symbols. Once a base view has been established, projections can be made along with all styles of sections and representations. These are all generated from the parts and assemblies that have been created previously within any particular Project. A finished drawing (.idw) can be annotated; balloons referenced and show a parts list (BOM). The title blocks can be edited and new ones, along with sketch symbols can be created. Clicking the down-arrow of the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and selecting Presentation will load the Presentation Environment and a context Ribbon. Figure 23 Drawing
Figure 24 Place Views Tab > Create Panel
Figure 25 Place Views Tab > Modify, Sketch, and Sheets Panel
Figure 26 Annotate Tab > Dimension, Feature Notes, and Text
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Get Started Tab on the Ribbon Before moving on to the 3.2 Sub-Section that follows, take the opportunity of exploring some of the features illustrated on the Get Started tab on the Ribbon.
Figure 03 Ribbon > Get Started Tab
User Interface Overview Panel Ribbon Introduction
A video introduction to the Ribbon for Autodesk Inventor 2010.
Ribbon Tutorial
An introduction tutorial to the Ribbon interface.
Comman Locator
Autodesk Inventor Command Locator.
New Features Panel What's New
New features workshop for Autodesk Inventor 2010.
Learn about Inventor Panel Getting Started Guide
Guide to Autodesk Inventor Getting Started (Internet connection required)
Tutorials
Autodesk Inventor Tutorial Learning Resouce Level 1 - Fundamentals Level 2 - General Interest Level 3 - Specific Interest
Learning Path
Autodesk Inventor Learning Resources - Help
Show Me Animations
Autodesk Inventor Show Me Animations
Involvement Panel
Section 03-14
Engineers Rule.ORG
Student Engineering & Design Community (Internet connection required)
Customer Involvement
Autodesk Customer Involvement Program
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3.2 Move Toolbars within the Parametric Modelling Environment to create a Usable Work Area Toolbars There are a number of toolbars available in Autodesk Inventor, but by default only the Quick Launch Toolbar,InfoCenter, and Navigation toolbars are displayed, the two former being 'docked' along the top of the screen and the latter down the right of screen.
Figure 01 Quick Launch Toolbar (QLT)
Figure 02 InfoCenter
Figure 03 Navigation
The Ribbon
The Ribbon is the primary interface for the tools available for design and is 'docked' by default across the top of the graphics window, but may be placed on the User Interface as a floating Ribbon, or docked vertically to the left or right of the graphics window. The tool structure is context-sensitive based upon the current environment and mode in use. For example, when switching from Part modelling to Assembly modelling, the Ribbon will automatically switch to display the correct tools for the new mode of work.
Figure 03 Example - Ribbon > Assemble Tab
The Model Browser Bar The Model Browser Bar is one of the main interface components and is 'docked' by default on the left side of the screen, but may be placed anywhere on the User Interface. It is contextsensitive based upon the current environment in use.
Figure 04 Browser Bar MAW Design Services
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Exercise - Moving Toolbars, Panels, and Browser Bars 1
Load Autodesk Inventor if not already loaded and click the Open button on the Quick Launch Toolbar to display the Open dialog box.
Autodesk Inventor 2010
Figure 05 Open dialog box
2
Ensure that the correct Workspace is in use, then expand the folder called Section 3-2 and Open the file called Bracket, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Bracket2 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
Figure 06 Bracket.ipt
Section 03-16
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Moving, Docking and Undocking Toolbars, Panels and Browsers 3
Click the Tools tab, then the Options panel on the Ribbon and click the Customize button to display its dialog box.
Figure 07 Ribbon > Tools Tab > Options Panel
4
Ensure the Toolbars tab is active and select iFeature Panel as shown above, then click the Show button to display the iFeature Panel toolbar. Note: With the toolbar located in the Graphics Window its termed to be a floating toolbar, and can be dragged anywhere on the screen.
Figure 08 iFeature Panel Toolbar
5
Click the Title bar (usually blue) with the left-mouse button and keep your finger pressed on it. Now drag the toolbar using the mouse to any other location on the screen.
6
You'll now 'dock' the toolbar. Click on its Title bar and drag and dock it down the right-hand edge of the screen (under the Navigation bar). The horizontal bar at the top of the toolbar is a Grab bar, and is used to 'undock' the toolbar. Grab bar
7
Click the Grab bar on the iFeature Panel toolbar and hold your finger down, then drag the toolbar back onto the Graphics Window. Note: The Grab bar is shown horizontal on vertically located docked toolbars and panels, and vertical on those located horizontally (see the Model Browser bar).
8
When finished trying it out, click the small button with the cross on it the top right-hand corner, to unload the toolbar.
in
9
Now click on the large horizontal Grab bar on the Model Browser and drag it to a location anywhere on the screen.
10
Try docking it down the right-hand side of the screen - when finished practicing, dock it back in its original location at the left-hand side of the screen. Do not save the file. This completes the Exercise.
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3.3 Use Viewing and Zoom Tools to Manipulate Geometry Display on Screen Viewing Tools (Navigation Bar) The Viewing or Navigation tools manipulate the view in the Graphics Window of the active part, assembly or drawing. Viewing tools can be used to manipulate the view while performing other operations. For example, rotating a Part during a fillet operation so that edges can be selected that would otherwise be hidden. Clicking in the Graphics Window will display the Navigation Bar located vertically down the right-hand side of the screen under the ViewCube. Zoom All In a Part or Assembly, it zooms the view so that all elements in the model fit in the Graphics Window. In a drawing, it zooms the view so that all active sheets fit in the Graphics Window - now try using Zoom All.
Figure 01 Zoom All - Before
Figure 02 Zoom All - After
Zoom Window Changes the cursor into cross-hairs that are used to define a frame (window) for the view. The elements within the frame zoom to fill the Graphics Window - try it out.
Figure 03 Zoom Window - Before
Section 03-18
Figure 04 Zoom Window - After
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Zoom The cursor turns into an arrow that is used to zoom the view in or out. After selecting the Zoom button, click on the screen and while holding the left-mouse button down, slide the cursor downwards to zoom in and upwards to zoom out about the centre of the Graphics Window - try it out. Figure 05 Zoom - Slide the Cursor up or down
Pan Changes the cursor into a four-directional arrow used to drag (pan) the view in the Graphics Window without changing magnification - try it out. Zoom Selected In a Part or Assembly, it zooms the selected edge, feature, line, or other element to fill the Display Window. The element can be selected either before or after clicking the Zoom button - try it out, but its not used in drawings.
Selected Face
Figure 06 Pan / Zoom Selected - Before
Figure 07 Zoom Selected - After
Orbit In a Part or Assembly, the view can be rotated freely about the screen. Not used in drawings.
Constrained Orbit In a Part or Assembly, the view can be rotated around the vertical axis of a model. Not used in drawings.
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Accessing the Navigation Bar The Navigation Bar can be accessed by clicking in the Graphics Window to display the Navigation Bar located vertically down the right-hand side of the screen under the ViewCube. It can also be toggled On and Off from the User Interface button drop-down menu on the Windows panel of the View tab.
Figure 08 View > Windows > User Interface > Navigation Bar
Customising the Navigation Bar Display Clicking the Customize button in the bottom right corner of the Navigation Bar and then on the viewing tool(s), will toggle their display On or Off in the Navigation Bar.
Figure 09 Customize Button Section 03-20
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Exercise - 3D Orbit 1
Expand the folder called Section 3-3 and Open the file called Bracket, then immediately Save As... (located on the Application Menu) under the filename of Bracket3 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
Pan and Zoom to display the model in the centre of the work area (if necessary).
3
On the Navigation Bar, click the Orbit button from the pop-up menu. The Orbit tool, 3D Indicator, and ViewCube are displayed.
Figure 10 3D Orbit Tool
Orbit Tool 4
With the Orbit tool displayed, click and drag the cursor whilst within the circle to rotate the model in free orbit mode.
5
Now click and drag the cursor whilst outside the circle to rotate the model in Roll mode. Note the cursor icon has changed and rotates the model about the Z-axis.
6
Click on the left or right horizontal line attached to the circle and drag the cursor. The Orbit mode is now locked to the left of right rotation about the Y-axis.
7
Click on the top or bottom vertical line attached to the circle and drag the cursor. The Orbit mode is now locked to the top or bottom rotation about the X-axis with respect to the centre of the circle.
8
To change the centre of rotation, click inside or outside the Orbit tool to set a new centre.
9
To exit the Orbit tool, press [ESC] or right-click and select Done from the pop-up shortcut menu.
10
Another method of invoking the Orbit tool is to press [F4] and keeping your finger on the key, drag the cursor using one of the rotation modes detailed above - try it.
Do not save the Part file. This completes the Exercise. MAW Design Services
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View Face In a Part or Assembly, it zooms and rotates the model to display the selected element planar to the screen or a selected edge or line horizontal to the screen - try it out, but its not used in drawings.
Selected View Face
Figure 11 View Face - Before
Figure 12 View Face - After
Note: A right-click in the work area will display the shortcut menu and selecting Previous View, will return the model to the last recorded view (or pressing [F5] will have the same effect).
Figure 13 Previous View
ViewCube The ViewCube tool displays in the 3D environment as a default in the graphics window, allowing a view of the modelto be created. The ViewCube uses faces, edges, and corners as selection options to define viewing angles. As the cursor is moved over the ViewCube, it becomes active by highlighting 'hot-spots' on different parts of the cube. Various views are selected by clicking on different hot-spots. Switching between various views in the drawing can also be achieved using the compass ring at the base of the ViewCube, which is switched on and off via the ViewCube Options accessed by right-clicking on the ViewCube. North is based upon what has been defined for the drawing's WCS (World Coordinate System). In addition to the predefined viewpoints, the cursor can be clicked and dragged on the cube to orbit the model freestyle. Section 03-22
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Figure 14 ViewCube in Isometric View
Figure 15 ViewCube in Front View
Figure 16 ViewCube in Isometric View with Compass
Figure 17 ViewCube in Top View with Compass
Options... Right-clicking on the ViewCube, then selecting Options... from the pop-up shortcut menu will display the ViewCube Options dialog box.
Figure 18 Options...
Figure 19 ViewCube Options > Compass MAW Design Services
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Using Home View After manipulating the model to any orientation, the view can then be specified as the Home View. This view would then be the view that is shown each time the file is opened and whenever the Home View tool is selected. The Home View glyph displays as the cursor is moved over the ViewCube.
Figure 20 Home View Tool
SteeringWheels SteeringWheels or Navigation Wheels, provide a quick access to several navigation tools in a single interface. A SteeringWheel is a combined interface of multiple navigation tools shaped as a wheel object, which when actived follows the cursor on screen until it is deactivated. The wheel is divided into areas called wedges, with each wedge representing a specific navigation tool. Each tool is accessed by clicking on the wedge that represents the desired navigation tool and then dragging the cursor to create the desired effect.
Figure 21 Full Navigation Wheel
SteeringWheel Types There are a number of SteeringWheels available, each with different configurations, depending on whether you are working in 2D or 3D and the type of work you are doing. For the more experienced users of SteeringWheels, there are a number of downsized mini wheels. These are about the same size as the cursor and do not display labels on the divided wedges. Each mini wheel consists of the same navigation tools as their corresponding big wheel.
ZOOM
WALK
ZOOM CENTER
ORBIT
REWIND
LOOK
REWIND
WALK
ORBIT
REWIND UP/DOWN
LOOK
Section 03-24
PAN
UP/DOWN
PAN
Figure 22 View Object Wheel
Figure 23 Tour Building Wheel
Figure 24 Full Navigation Wheel
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SteeringWheel Tools The following navigation tools are available via the various wedges: Center Specifies a point on the model as the center of the current view. Forward Adjusts the distance between the current point of view and the defined pivot point of the model. Look Rotates the view horizontally and vertically around a fixed point. Similar to you being in a fixed location, but able to 'look' around by pivoting your head. Orbit Rotates the current view around a model based on a fixed pivot point which is determined by the Center option. Pan Re-locates the current view of the model by panning. Rewind Restores the last view. Up/Down Slides the current view of the model along the Y-axis of the screen. Walk Simulates walking through a model. Zoom Adjusts the magnification of the current view.
SteeringWheels Menu Clicking on the Menu Arrow icon in the bottom right-hand corner of the wheel (or right-clicking anywhere on the wheel) will display the pop-up Menu shown in Figure 25.
Figure 25 SteeringWheels Menu Arrow Icon and Menu MAW Design Services
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SteeringWheel Settings Clicking on Options... on the pop-up Menu will display the SteeringWheels Options dialog box.
Figure 26 SteeringWheels Settings
To close the SteeringWheel, click the Close button in the top right-hand corner of the wheel (or right-click on the SteeringWheel and select Close Wheel from the pop-up menu or press the [ESC] key).
Figure 27 Close
Figure 28 Close Wheel Section 03-26
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Restoring Previous Views Views are manipulated in the graphics window and there are times when there will be a need to return to a previous view to re-evaluate the design or to make design changes. Using the Previous View tool (accessed by clicking anywhere in graphics window and selecting from the pop-up shortcut menu), or by clicking and holding the REWIND wedge will enable the previous view or an earlier created view to be restored. The Previous View tool restores the view previous to the current view, whilst the REWIND wedge enables one of the previously defined views to be restored.
Figure 29 Previous View
Figure 30 Rewind Tool
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3.4 Change the Background Colour and Graphics Display in the Work Area Background The Background in the Graphics Window can be changed to suit the individual user by selecting a Colour Scheme with a single colour, gradient or background image. This information is controlled from the Application Options dialog box by first selecting the Application Menu and then the Options button, then ensure the Colors tab is selected. It is also set to display in the Design environment by default.
Figure 01 Application Options > Colors Tab Section 03-28
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Exercise - Background Colours 1
Expand the folder called Section 3-4 and Open the file called Bracket, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Bracket4 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
Click Application Menu button, then the Options button to display the Application Options dialog box.
3
Click the Colors tab and ensure the Design box is selected.
4
Now select each Color Scheme in turn with the 1 Color Background selected to see the effect on the Graphics Display.
5
Set the Background to Gradient and repeat the Color Scheme selections to see the effects.
6
Finally, set the Color Scheme to Presentation and the Background to Gradient (Figure 02), and click on the Apply button, then click Close to exit to see the effect.
Figure 02 Color Scheme: Presentation - Background: Gradient
Figure 03 Color Scheme: Presentation - Background: Gradient
Do not save the file. This completes the Exercise.
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Display Mode The Display view in the Graphics Window has three modes: Sheded, Hidden Edge, and Wireframe.
Shaded
Hidden Edge
Wireframe
Figure 04 Display Mode
Display modes can be applied to Part and/or Assembly models. To change the Display mode in the active window, click one of the buttons on the Appearance panel of the View tab on the Ribbon.
Figure 06 Ribbon > View Tab > Appearance Panel
Figure 05 Display Modes
Figure 07 Shaded Mode
Figure 08 Shaded with Hidden Edge Mode
Figure 09 Wireframe Mode Section 03-30
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3.5 Access the Help Menus and Search for Command Explanations and Online Tutorials Exercise - Help 1
Click the Help button on the InfoCenter bar, or press [F1] on the keyboard, or rightclick on the Graphics Window to display Autodesk Inventor Help dialog box .
Figure 01 Autodesk Inventor Help
2
The right-hand pane contains many help activities, the main items include: • New Users • All Users • Resources on the Web
Figure 02 Help Topics...
Have a look through a few of the activities before moving on. 3
In the left-hand pane, click on the Index tab, then in the Type in a keyword to find: text box, type in project files and double-click on the highlighted text that appears in the Index listing to display the Topics Found dialog box (Figure 04).
Figure 03 Index Tab MAW Design Services
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In the Topics Found dialog box, click Create projects (Procedure) to display the Create projects pane.
Figure 04 Create projects - Procedure Tab
4
Read the instructions and revue the information on the Quick Reference tab, and select Project Wizard from the menu to display the Project Wizard information pane (Figure 05).
Figure 05 Project Wizard - Quick Reference Tab
5
Section 03-32
Read the instructions and revue the information on the Concept tab, and select What is a project file? from the menu to display information about a project file (Figure 06).
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Figure 06 What is a project file? - Concept Tab
6
In the left-hand pane, type parallel in the Type in a keyword to find: text box, and double-click on parallel constraints in the Index listing to display the Topics Found dialog box.
Figure 07 Index tab > Parallel
Figure 08 Topics Found
7
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Double-click on Constrain curves to be parallel (Procedure) to display the Constrain curves to be parallel information pane (Figure 09).
Section 03-33
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Figure 09 Constrain curves to be parallel - Procedure tab
8
You can read and learn from viewing help topics, and some even provide animations on the subject like the Show Me avi links in the information pane above. Click on the Show Me how to create a parallel constraint link above to display the Show Me Animations dialog box.
Figure 10 Show Me - Parallel Constraint
Using such help tools as the Show Me movies are extremely useful as each step can be can repeated over and over again to reinforce learning. 9
Section 03-34
Click on the Show Me Home Page link on the Show Me Animations dialog box to display the Show Me Animations menu box. MAW Design Services
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Figure 11 Visual Syllabus Menu
10
The Show Me Animations menu has numerous items linked to the Show Me Animations files offering an insight on how drawings and features actually work. Click on Parts - Placed Features, then Chamfer to display the Show Me Animations movie on the use of the Chamfer feature.
Figure 12 Show Me Animations - Chamfer Feature
Click on each numbered button in turn to manually view each sequence or click on the Start button to play the movie in sequence. Click on Show Me Home Page when finished and close the Show Me Animations menu box. MAW Design Services
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Inventor Training
Another method of accessing Help files is in the actual Sketch Environment. Click the down-arrow next to the New button on the Quick Access Toolbar and from the drop-down menu, click on Part. This will start a new Part file with the Sketch Environment activated.
12
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Figure 13 Part Two Point Rectangle button and click anywhere in the Graphics Window as a start point, then right-click to display the pop-up context menu. Select How To... to display the Create a rectangle help information box (Figure 14).
Figure 14 How To...
Figure 15 Create a rectangle - Procedure Tab
13
As can be seen, this form of invoking context Help can be extremely useful. When finished, Close the Help information box, then right-click and from the context pop-up menu, select Done (or press [ESC]) to cancel the Two point rectangle command.
14
In addition, hovering the cursor over the intended command will display tool tip help (Figure 16).
This completes the Exercise.
Figure 16 Tool Tip Help Section 03-36
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3.6 Use Standard Templates When initially installing Autodesk Inventor on to the hard drive, the software offers the option of setting up a user default based on Metric or English (American English, ie Imperial units) units and a drafting standard (selected from ANSI, BSI, DIN, GT, ISO, or JIS) to use when fully loaded. Access to the various templates that are available is through the New button on the Quick Access Toolbar. This displays the New File dialog box illustrating the Default tab templates available.
Figure 01 New File - Default tab templates
The Default templates are based on the units and drafting standard loaded at the time of installation. The English (units in feet and inches) templates available are shown in Figure 02. The Metric templates available are shown in Figure 02. For the purpose of this courseware, the units being used are Metric.
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Figure 02 New File - English and Metric tab templates
Section 03-38
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Use a Range of Commands to Create and Constrain Sketches
4
Outcome References: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 04-2
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Use a Range of Commands to Create and Constrain Sketches 4.1 Use the Sketching Environment to Create Geometry including Lines, Circles and Arcs
Sketch Environment From the Launch panel on the Get Started tab, clicking the New button would display the New File dialog box.
Figure 01 New File > Standard.ipt
Double-clicking the Standard.ipt icon would display the Sketch Environment (or click the down-arrow on the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and select Part).
Figure 02 Part MAW Design Services
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Sketch Tab Panel Title Bar
Sketch Formatting Tools
Sketch Tab Ribbon
ViewCube Model Browser Bar
Sketch1 - Created Automatically
Sketch Origin Indicator and Center Point
Sketch Axes
Figure 03 Sketch Environment
Sketch Tab Ribbon: Displays the Sketch Environment panels. Sketch Tab Panel Bar: Displays the 2D Sketching tools. Sketch Formatting Tools: Used to create centreline,construction, points, and driven dimensions, when creating sketch geometry. Sketch Origin Indicator: Used to identify the current location and orientation of the sketch origin and axes. Sketch Axes: Aligned with the sketch origin indicator and represents the X and Y axes of the sketch. Model Browser Bar: Displays information about the geometry that makes up the part model in a hierarchal manner. Sketch1: The first sketch in a part. This is automatically created as the new part is developed.
Section 04-4
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Sketch Panels and Tools As the Sketch Environment is loaded, the Ribbon switches to display the available sketch panels and tools.
Figure 04 2D Sketch Tab Panels and Tools
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Creating Lines, Circles and Arcs Creating Lines The following procedures would be used to create lines in a sketch. 1
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Line tool (or press [L]) and pick a starting point for the line to be drawn.
2
Drag the cursor in the direction you want to draw the line (vertically upwards in this case). Note: A Constraint Glyph appears indicating the type of constraint (vertical) that is being applied to the line segment.
Constraint Glyph
Section 04-6
3
Pick a point to end the line length.
4
Drag the cursor horizontally to the right whilst paying attention to the Constraint Glyph which should be indicating a line being drawn perpendicular to the last one drawn.
5
Pick a point to end the line length.
6
Drag the cursor vertically downwards - the Constraint Glyph indicates that the line being drawn is parallel to the first line drawn.
7
Pick a point to end the line length.
8
Continue drawing line segments until the sketch is completed.
9
Right-click in the Graphics Window and click Done on the shortcut menu, or press [Esc].
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Creating Circles The following procedures would be used to create circles in a sketch. 1
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool (or press [C]) and pick centre point for the circle to be drawn.
2
Drag the cursor to a point representing the outside perimeter of the circle and pick that point to create the circle.
3
Right-click in the Graphics Window and click Done on the pop-up shortcut menu, or press [Esc].
4
Click the down-arrow on the Center Point Circle tool, and select the Tangent Circle tool to create a 3-Point Tangent Circle.
5
Select the three parts of the geometry that the circle will be drawn tangential to as shown.
1
2
3
6
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Right-click in the Graphics Window and click Done on the pop-up shortcut menu, or press [Esc].
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Creating Arcs The following procedures would be used to create arcs in a sketch. 1
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Arc tool (or press [A]) and pick a point representing the centre of the arc.
Note: The midpoint of the line is automatically found. 2
Pick a point representing the start point of the arc. Note: All arcs are created in an anti-clockwise direction, so pick the start point carefully.
Section 04-8
3
Pick a point representing the end point of the arc.
4
Right-click in the Graphics Window and click Done on the pop-up shortcut menu, or press [Esc].
5
Click the Arc down-arrow and select the Tangent Arc tool, and pick the geometry (line in this case) being used for the arcs tangency.
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6
Drag the cursor to start forming the arc and pick the end point for the arc. Note: The Center Point Projection (tracking line) as it approaches a 90°, 180°, or 270° arc.
Center Point Projection
7
Right-click in the Graphics Window and click Done on the pop-up shortcut menu, or press [Esc].
8
Click the Arc down-arrow and select the Three Point Arc tool, then pick the start point of the arc.
9
Pick a point for the end point of the arc.
10
Drag the cursor up to create the arc to the required size. Constraint Glyphs may appear (tangent) to aid sizing.
Creating an Arc using the Line Command The following procedure is a very quick method of producing an Arc whilst in Line mode. 1
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Line tool (or press [L]) and pick a starting point for the line to be drawn.
2
Click at the start point of the arc and keeping your finger on the left-mouse button, drag the cursor in the direction of the arc required and pick the end point for the arc.
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Exercise - Creating Sketches In this exercise, some basic sketch geometry will be used to create 3D features. Later exercises will include geometric and dimensional constraints. 1
Click the down-arrow on the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and select Part.
2
Click the Application Menu button, then the Options button to display the Options dialog box.
3
Figure 01 Part
Select the Sketch tab and under Display, ensure the checkbox is ticked for Coordinate system indicator. Note: This places the 3D Indicator on the Origin point (0,0,0).
Figure 02 Coordinate System Indicator - On
4
On the Draw panel, click the Two Point Rectangle tool and create a rectangle approximately 60mm x 30mm. Start the rectangle at the origin (point) indicator and use the coordinate display in the bottom-right corner of the Graphics Window to approximate the size of the rectangle.
Origin (point) indicator Coordinate Display
Figure 03 Two Point Rectangle
Section 04-10
5
On the Draw panel, click the Three Point Arc tool and pick the top-left corner of the rectangle as the start (first) point.
6
Pick the top-right corner of the rectangle as the end (second) point of the arc.
7
Drag the cursor upwards and click when the Tangent Constraint Glyphs appear, to create the arc to the required size.
8
Right-click in the Graphics Window and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click Done. MAW Design Services
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Figure 04 Arc
9
On the Modify panel, click the Trim tool (or press [X]) and select the horizontal line as shown below to trim out.
Figure 05 Trim
10
Right-click in the Graphics Window and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click Done.
11
Press [F6] to go to the Home View, (or right-click and select Home View)
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12
On the Sketch tab, click the Finish Sketch button to change from Sketch mode to Model mode.
13
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool (or press [E]) to display the Extrude dialog box. In the Distance text box, enter 15 mm and click OK.
Figure 06 Extrude
14
Right-click on the left side face of the model as shown below and on the pop-up shortcut menu that appears, click New Sketch.
Figure 07 New Sketch Section 04-12
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15
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Two Point Rectangle tool and sketch a rectangle similar to the one shown below.
Figure 08 Rectangle
16
In the Graphics Window, right-click and select Create Feature, then Extrude from the pop-up menu that appears to display the Extrude dialog box.
Figure 09 Create Feature Constrain Panel (Geometric and Dimensional Constraints)
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Constraint
Section 04-16
Inventor Training
Potential Sketch Elements
Constraint Condition Created
Perpendicular
Line
Constrained geometry is perpendicular to each other
Parallel
Line
Constrained geometry is parallel to each other
Tangent
Line, Circle, Arc
Constrained geometry is tangent to each other
Smooth
Lines, Arcs, Splines
Constrains a curvature continuous (G2) condition between a spline and another curve
Coincident
Line, Point, Endpoint of Line, Center Point
Constrains two points together; can constrain a line to a point
Concentric
Circle, Arc
Constrains circles or arcs to share the same center point location
Collinear
Lines, Ellipse Axes
Constrains the geometry to lie along the same line
Horizontal
Lines, Pairs of Points (including Midpoints) and Center Points
Constrains the geometry to lie parallel to the X-axis of the sketch coordinate system
Vertical
Lines, Pairs of Points (including Midpoints) and Center Points
Constrains the geometry to lie parallel to the Y-axis of the sketch coordinate system
Equal
Lines,Circles, Arcs
Constrains the geometry to have equal radii or lines to have the same length
Fix
Lines, Points, Circles, Arcs
Constrains the geometry to be fixed at its current position relative to the sketch coordinate system
Symmetric
Lines, Points, Circles, Arcs
Constrains the geometry to be symmetrical about a selected centerline
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Applying 2D Geometric Constraints The following procedures would be used to apply different geometric constraints.
Perpendicular Constraint 1
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Perpendicular constraint tool and select the two lines to be made perpendicular to each other.
Figure 01 Perpendicular - Before
Figure 02 Perpendicular - After
Parallel Constraint 2
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Parallel constraint tool and select the two lines that are to be constrained parallel to each other.
Figure 03 Parallel - Before
Figure 04 Parallel - After
Fix and Tangent Constraints 3
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Fix constraint tool and select the centre point for each circle in turn. This fixes the two circles in place and will force the tangent line to adjust when selected.
4
Click the Tangent constraint tool and select the line and large circle to create a tangent point between the two.
Figure 05 Fix and Tangent - Before
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Figure 06 Fix and Tangent - After
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Coincident and Concentric Constraints 5
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Coincident constraint tool and select the centre point of each circle in turn.
Figure 07 Coincident - Before
6
Figure 08 Coincident - After
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Concentric constraint tool and select the two circles in turn.
Figure 09 Concentric - Before
Figure 10 Concentric - After
Colinear Constraint 7
On the 2D Sketch Panel click the Colinear constraint tool and select the upper-left and upper-right horizontal line in turn to apply the constraint.
Figure 11 Colinear - Before
Figure 12 Colinear - After
Horizontal and Vertical Constraints 8
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Horizontal constraint tool and select the sloping line to apply the constraint, forcing it horizontal. The Vertical constraint works in a similar manner forcing the selected entity to always show in a vertical position.
Figure 13 Horizontal - Before Section 04-18
Figure 14 Horizontal - After MAW Design Services
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Equal Constraint 9
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Equal constraint tool and select each arc in turn to apply the constraint making each arc equal in size.
Figure 15 Equal - Before
Figure 16 Equal - After
Symmetric Constraint 10
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Symmetric constraint tool and select the first and second sketch elements, then select a sketch element to be used for the symmetry line.
3 1 2
Figure 17 Symmetric - Before
Figure 18 Symmetric - Before
Figure 19 Symmetric - Before
The symmetry line need only be selected once, then continue selecting the other sketch elements to apply the constraint.
D C
A
B
Figure 20 Symmetric - Before
Figure 21 Symmetric - After
Figure 22 Symmetric - After
Smooth Constraint 11
Click on the Smooth constraint tool and select the spline then the line attached to the spline endpoint. Repeat for the other end of the spline.
Figure 23 Smooth - Before MAW Design Services
Figure 24 Smooth - After Section 04-19
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Exercise - Constraining Sketches 1 In this exercise, geometrical constraints will be used on sketches to create 3D features. 1
Expand the folder called Section 4-2 and Open the file called Constraints-Exercise1.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Constraints-Ex1 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
Figure 01 Constraints-Ex1 Exercise
2
Click the Application Menu bar and from the drop-down menu click on Application Options... to display the Options dialog box.
3
Select the Sketch tab and under Display, ensure the checkbox is unticked for Coordinate system indicator.
Figure 02 Coordinate System Indicator - Off
4
On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the face on the part as shown below.
Selected face Figure 03 Select Face
Figure 04 Sketch Face Section 04-20
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5
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Two Point Rectange tool and sketch a rectangle on the face as shown below.
Figure 05 Rectangle
6
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool and create two circles centred on the edges of the rectangle and coincident to the corners.
Figure 06 Circles
7
Hold the [Shift] key down and select the lines on each end of the rectangle (they turn blue), then press the [Delete] key to delete the lines (or use Trim to have the same effect).
Delete these lines Figure 07 Delete
8
On the Modify panel of the Sketch tab, click the Trim tool and select the inside semicircles.
Figure 08 Trim MAW Design Services
Figure 09 Trim - After Section 04-21
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On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Tangent constraint tool and apply tangent constraints between the arcs and lines at the four corners of the slot sketch by selecting a line near its endpoint, then select the arc near the same endpoint. Repeat this process for each corner of the slot.
Figure 10 Tangent
10
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Vertical constraint tool and select the midpoint of the left edge and the centrepoint on the circle.
Midpoint Figure 11 Vertical
11
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Horizontal constraint tool and select the midpoint of the face and the midpoint on the slot.
Midpoint
The slot sketch should now be centred on the face
Figure 12 Horizontal
12
Section 04-22
On the Exit panel of the Sketch tab, click the Finish Sketch button to exit Sketch mode and return to Model mode.
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13
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool and select the slot area of the sketch. In the Extents drop-down list, select All and click the Cut option. Click OK.
Figure 13 Extrude
14
On the ViewCube select the top left-hand corner 'hot spot' of the cube as shown below.
Before
After Figure 14 Isometric View
15
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On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the face on the part as shown overpage.
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Figure 15 Select Face
Figure 16 Sketch Face
SELF ASSESSMENT 16
Repeat the steps 4-13 to create a slot on this sketch face of the part.
Figure 17 Second Slot
17
On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select select the face on the part as shown on Figure 18.
Figure 18 Select Face
Section 04-24
Figure 19 Sketch Face
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18
On the Navigation Bar on the Graphics Window, click the View Face tool and select the same face to rotate the view normal to the face.
Figure 20 Look At
19
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool and sketch the circle shown below, then select the Line tool and sketch the three lines shown below. Ensure the sloping lines are at a tangent to the circle and parallel to the outside edges using the Glyph constraints.
20
On the Modify panel of the Sketch tab, click the Trim tool and select the circle on the inside of the sketch to delete.
Figure 21 Sketch
Figure 22 Trim
21
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Vertical constraint tool and ensure the centrepoint of the circle and the midpoint of the horizontal line on the sketch are vertical.
22
Click the Parallel constraint tool and ensure the outside sloping edge on the left and the inside sloping edge on the same side are parallel.
Parallel
Midpoint Figure 23 Vertical Constraint
23
Figure 24 Parallel Constraint
Click the Colinear constraint tool and select the top edge of the block and then the horizontal line in the sketch. Right-click and select Done. Right-click to display the pop-up shortcut menu and select Finish Sketch.
Top Edge
Figure 25 Colinear Constraint MAW Design Services
Figure 26 Finish Sketch Section 04-25
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On the ViewCube, click on the top left-hand corner 'hot-spot' to create the Isometric View shown below.
Figure 27 Isometric View
25
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool to display the dialog box (or press [E] on the keyboard).
26
Click inside the sketch profile. In the Extents drop-down list, select All and click on the Cut option, then click OK.
Figure 28 Extrude Section 04-26
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Figure 29 Completed Part
27
Save As... the part as YOUR INITIALS-BLOCK and close all files.
End of Constraints-Exercise1.
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Section 04-28
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4.3 Display and Add/Remove Additional Geometric Constraints to/from the Sketch including: Equal, Tangent, Midpoint, and Concentric. Showing and Removing Constraints As 2D sketches are created and constrained, it may be necessary to view and possibly remove some constraints. The Show Constraints tool on the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, displays the constraints applied to the selected geometry and if necessary, select the constraint(s) for removal.
Show Constraints On the Show Constraints toolbar, click the constraint and the geometry referenced by the selected constraint will be highlighted (usually in red)
Show All Constraints In Sketch tab mode, short-right click in the Graphics Window and from the Shortcut menu, click Show All Constraints (or press the [F8] key) to display all the constraints at once. Figure 01 Show All Constraints
Hide All Constraints In Sketch tab mode, short-right click in the Graphics Window and from the Shortcut menu, click Hide All Constraints (or press the [F9] key) to display all the constraints at once.
Figure 02 Hide All Constraints
Removing Constraints On the Show Constraints toolbar, select the constraint symbol to be removed and press the [Delete] key (or right-click the selected constraint and from the pop-up context menu, click Delete).
Figure 03 Delete
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Exercise - Constraining Sketches 2 In this exercise, geometrical constraints will be applied to sketches to create 3D features. 1
Expand the folder called Section 4-3 and Open the file called Constraints-Exercise2.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Constraints-Ex2 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Navigation Bar on the Graphics Window, click the View Face tool and select the front face (with the sketch on it) to rotate the view normal to the face.
3
On the Model panel, right-click on Sketch4 and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Edit Sketch.
Figure 01 Look At and Edit Sketch
4
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Tangent constraint tool and select the left-hand sloping line and then the circle. Repeat for the right-hand sloping line and circle.
Figure 03 Tangent Constraint
5
Figure 05 Tangent Constraint - After
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Concentric constraint tool and select the top arc on the block and then the circle to constrain them both to sharing the same centre point location.
Figure 06 Concentric Constraint Section 04-30
Figure 04 Tangent Constraint
Figure 02 Edit Sketch
Figure 07 Concentric Constraint - After MAW Design Services
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6
Click the Vertical constraint tool and select the centrepoint of the circle and the midpoint of the horizontal line on the sketch.
Midpoint Figure 08 Vertical Constraint
Figure 09 Vertical Constraint - After
7
Click the Parallel constraint tool and select the outside sloping edge on the left and then the inside sloping line on the same side.
8
Click the Colinear constraint tool and select the top edge of the block and then the horizontal line in the sketch.
Parallel
Top Edge
Figure 10 Parallel Constraint
9
Figure 11 Colinear Constraint
On the Modify panel of the Sketch tab, click the Trim tool and select the circle on the inside of the sketch to delete.
Figure 12 Trim
10
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Show Constraints tool and select the three lines and the arc in the sketch to show their constraints.
Figure 13 Show Constraints MAW Design Services
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Short-right click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Show All Constraints (or press the [F8] key) to display all the constraints at once.
Parallel Constraint
Figure 14 Show All Constraints
12
On the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab, click the Parallel constraint tool and select the outside sloping edge on the right and then the inside sloping line on the same side. This causes an Autodesk Inventor Alert box to be displayed - click the Cancel button.
Figure 15 Autodesk Inventor - Create Constraint
13
Right-click the Parallel constraint shown on the left in Figure 14 above and from the pop-up context menu, click Delete to remove it from the sketch. Note: This also removes the corresponding occurance of the Parallel constraint from the inside sloping line. Figure 16 Delete Constraint
Section 04-32
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14
To maintain the stability of the sketch, the Parallel constraint still needs to be applied, but instead of simply undoing the last step, re-apply the constraint on the opposite side of the sketch as follows: Click the Parallel constraint tool and select the outside sloping edge on the right and then the inside sloping line on the same side. Note: The Parallel constraint has been added to the appropriate Constraints toolbars. Figure 17 Constraints Toolbars
15
Short-right click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Hide All Constraints (or press the [F9] key) to hide all the constraints at once.
16
On the Exit panel of the Sketch tab, click Finish Sketch to exit from Sketch mode. The sketch is now fully constrained without specific sizing.
17
Do not save the part file. Figure 18 Hide All Constraints
End of Constraints2 Exercise.
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4.4 Add Linear, Radial and Angular Dimensions to Sketches as a means of Further Constraining Geometry Dimensioning Sketches Sketch dimensioning is an important part of constraining 2D geometry. Geometric constraints stabilise the sketch, while dimensions size the sketch according to the design intent.
Parametric Dimensions Adding parametric dimensions is the final step in fully constraining 2D sketch geometry. When parametric dimensions are applied to a sketch element, the sketch element changes size to reflect the dimension value.
Driven Dimensions As dimensions are applied to the sketch geometry, they are parametric by default. Each parametric dimension applied reduces the degrees of freedom available in each sketch. When all degrees of freedom have been removed, the sketch is considered to be fully constrained. Once a sketch is fully constrained, no additional constraints or parametric dimensions are allowed. Driven dimensions are created with the same dimension tool, however, to create driven dimensions the dimension style must be set to Driven. Accessed from the Format panel on the Sketch tab, by clicking on the Driven Dimension button.
Automatic Dimensioning Accessed from the Constrain panel of the Sketch tab by clicking on the Automatic Dimensions tool, applies constraints and dimensions to the entire sketch or only those sketch elements that are selected.
Figure 01 Auto Dimension
Section 04-34
Curves:
Select the sketch elements to be automatically dimensioned. If no sketch elements are selected, all elements are considered for dimensioning.
Dimensions:
When selected, applies dimensions to the sketch elements.
Constraints:
When selected, applies constraints to the sketch elements.
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Dimensions Required:
Displays the number of dimensions required to fully constrain the sketch. Manually applied dimensions and/or constraints will effect this number.
Apply:
Applies dimensions and constraints to the selected geometry.
Remove:
Removes the dimensions and/or constraints applied by the Auto Dimension tool. This will not remove dimensions and/or constraints that were applied manually.
Figure 02 Auto Dimension - Fully Constrained
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Exercise - Dimensioning Sketches In this exercise, parametric dimensions will be used on sketches to create 3D features. 1
On the Quick Launch Toolbar, click the down-arrow on the New button and select Part.
2
From the Application Menu, select the Options button and under the Sketch tab, ensure the Edit dimension when created and Autoproject part origin on sketch create check boxes are ticked (On).
3
Figure 01 New > Part
On the Draw panel on theSketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool and pick the projected origin Center Point (turns green). Use the Coordinate display showing Radius information at the bottom right of the screen to approximately size the circle to 60 radius. Use the Mouse wheel to Pan and Zoom in the Graphics Window where necessary.
4
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Dimension tool and select the Circle, then by moving the mouse away, click to position the dimension. This automatically displays the Edit Dimension dialog box, so enter 120 for the correct diameter value required. Figure 02 Edit Dimension
Either click the green tick button in the Edit Dimension dialog box or press [Enter] to accept the new value. Right-click on the Graphics Window and from the pop-up context menu, click Done to finish using the command (or press [Esc]). Note: The sketch automatically updates to the new size. 5
On the Draw panel on theSketch tab, click the Two Point Rectangle tool and draw the rectangle shown in Figure 04.
Figure 03 Done
Figure 04 Section 04-36
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6
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Dimension tool and add the dimensions shown in Figure 05 to position the rectangle accurately. Note: Select the horizontal and vertical edges only, then drag out the 40 and 180 dimensions to locate their positions before editing. Select the horizontal edge and the circle for the 20 dimension, and the vertical edge and the circle for the 90 dimension.
Figure 05
7
On the Draw panel on theSketch tab, click the Line tool and draw the shape shown in Figure 06 using the following steps: Start the line on top of the circle to the right of centre then pick an endpoint vertically above the first point. Note the Vertical Glyph on the line being created before the second point is picked. Select the end of the line just created and left-mouse drag up and to the left to create an arc as shown, and let go when the horizontal tracking line across from the right-hand side is visible. Figure 06
Complete the left-hand vertical line and notice the tangent, parallel, and coincident Glyphs, and tracking line across from the start point of the right-hand line. 8
On the Constrain panel on theSketch tab, click the Vertical contraint. Select the arc and circle centre points to position the arc vertically above the circle. Note: Whilst the sketched shapes could be extruded as drawn to create a 3D Part, in practice it is usually better to edit them into one closed shape first.
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On the Modify panel on the Sketch tab, click the Trim tool and remove the unwanted arcs/lines to produce the shape as shown in Figure 07. Note: The circle diameter and the two vertical dimensions no longer exist. To stablise the sketch again, certain constraints and dimensions need adding.
Figure 07
10
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Collinear constraint tool and select the two upper horizontals lines and then the two lower horizontal lines.
11
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Equal constraint tool and select the two upper vertical lines.
12
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Show Constraints tool and select the same two upper vertical lines to show that the equal constraints have been applied. Press [Esc] to end the command.
Figure 08 Show Constraints
Section 04-38
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13
Right-mouse click on one of the Equal constrains to display a pop-up context menu and note the available options. Click on Show All Constraints to display the constraints for all the sketch geometry. Note: Pressing [F8] will also Show All Constraints.
Figure 9 Show Constraints
14
Right-mouse click on the Graphics Window and from the pop-up context menu select Hide All Constraints (or press [F9]).
Figure 10 Show All Constraints
15
On the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool, then select the upper radius centre point and draw a circle.
16
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Dimension tool and select the circle, then place its value in a suitable location. Enter 20 for the correct diameter value required.
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Figure 11 Circle Section 04-39
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17
On the Format panel on the Sketch tab, click the Construction button.
18
On the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Line tool and create two Construction lines from the centre point of the large arc as shown in Figure 12.
Construction Lines
Figure 12 Construction Lines
19
On the Format panel on the Sketch tab, ensure that none of the sketch tools are selected.
20
On the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Three point rectangle tool and sketch a rectangle as shown in Figure 13.
Figure 13 Three point rectangle
21
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Coincident constraint tool and select the midpoint of the left-bottom edge of the rectangle and then select the angled construction line.
Figure 14 Coincident and Construction Line
Figure 15 Drag to Resize (Make Narrower)
The rectangle is now constrained to the construction geometry and moves with the construction line to any new angle specified. Section 04-40
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22
On the Constrain panel on the Sketch tab, click the Dimension tool and select the two Construction lines to create an angular dimension of 45° as shown in Figure 16.
Figure 16 Angular Dimension
Click the Dimension tool again and add the 5 dimensions circled in Figure 17.
Figure 17 Additional Dimensions
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Click the Automatic Dimensions tool to display the dialog box which indicates that 5 more dimensions are required to fully constrain the sketch.
Figure 18 Auto Dimension
25
Click the Apply button to add the required dimensions, then click the Done button to close the dialog box.
26
The sketch geometry is now fully constrained.
27
The 5 dimensions that have been created, need to be re-positioned for clarity and edited. Drag the additional dimensions to a more appropriate position and then edit to those shown in Figure 19. Not necessary but can be left in
Figure 19 Auto Dimension (Re-positioned and Edited)
Section 04-42
28
Right-click in the Graphics Window and select Finish Sketch.
29
Right-click in the Graphics Window again and select Home View (or press [F6]).
Figure 20 Home View MAW Design Services
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Figure 21 Home View
30
On the Create panel on the Model tab, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box. With the Profile button on, select the area to be extruded and with the other settings as per Figure 22, click OK.
Figure 22 Extrude
Note: Extrusion1 and Sketch1 have now appeared in the Model panel browser. 31
The completed part file is shown overpage. Do not save the file.
End of Dimensioning Exercise. MAW Design Services
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Figure 23 Competed Part File
Section 04-44
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4.5 Change the Properties of Sketch Features to Create Construction and Centre Lines Creating 2D Geometry and Dimension Types There are four buttons on the Format panel on the Sketch tab that can be used to change the types of geometry and dimensions. They not only allow geometry and dimension types to be changed, but also indicate the current status of the selected geometry or drawing mode. When one of the tools is selected, that specific mode is activated. The selected mode remains active until the tool (button) is clicked again. Construction When this tool is selected, all the following 2D geometry drawn will be construction geometry. To change existing geometry to construction, select the geometry, then click the Construction button. Centerline When this tool is selected, all the following 2D geometry drawn will be centerline geometry. To change existing geometry to centerline, select the geometry, then click the Centerline button. Hole Center When this tool is selected, existing endpoints or vertices may be converted to Hole Centers. Driven Dimension When this tool is selected, all the following dimensions drawn will be driven dimensions. To change existing dimensions to driven dimensions, select the dimension, then click the Driven Dimension button. All 2D dimensions can be termed to be one of the following:
• Normal (parametric): Dimension drives the size of the geometry. • Driven (non-parametric): Dimension is driven by the size of the geometry. Controlling Constraint Inference and Persistence Setup in the Constraint Options dialog box allowing you to choose which constraints are inferred and to select the geometry to which they are inferred. Right-clicking on the Graphics Window and selecting Constraint Options will display the dialog box in which All Geometry may be chosen or specific geometry selected as the reference geometry to which the constraints are inferred. Constraint Persistence is automatically disabled if inference is turned off, but inference can be enabled with persistence off. If the Constraint Inference button is disabled, constraints cannot be selected in the Constraint Options dialog box. MAW Design Services
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Exercise - 2D Sketch Tools In this exercise, Construction, Centerline, Hole Center, and Dimension attributes will be applied to sketch geometry. 1
Create a new part file.
2
On the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Line tool and sketch a series of lines similar to those shown on the right (Figure 01).
Figure 01 Sketched Lines
3
Window-select the sketched lines on the left and click the Construction tool, then select the sketched lines on the right and click the Centerline tool.
Figure 02 Construction and Centerlines
4
Both tools can be toggled on and off. With the Line tool enabled, ensure the Centerline tool is off and click the Construction tool and sketch a series of lines. Note that you are now sketching in Construction mode.
5
With the Line tool enabled, ensure the Construction tool is off and click the Centerline tool and sketch a series of lines. Note that you are now sketching in Centerline mode.
6
Ensure the Centerline tool is off and on the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Point tool and place two sketch points on the Graphics Window.
7
Window-select the two Points and click the Center Point tool on the Format panel on the Sketch tab. The Points are now converted to Center Points (and vice versa).
Figure 04 Sketch Points
Figure 03 Construction Mode and Centerline Mode
Figure 05 Center Points
Note: Center Points are used automatically as hole locations. Section 04-46
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8
Crossing-select all the sketched lines and click the Center Point tool. All selected vertices are changed to Center Points.
Figure 07 Center Points
Figure 06 Crossing Select
9
Add two dimensions to a couple of the lines. On the Format panel on the Sketch tab, click the Driven Dimension tool to change the dimensions from driving geometric change to driven by geometric change.
Figure 08 Add Two Dimensions
Figure 09 Create Two Driven Dimensions
10
When completed, delete all sketched geometry.
11
Sketch a simple closed shape and Extrude it to create a 3D solid similar to that shown in Figure 10.
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Figure 10 Extruded Sketch Section 04-47
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Create a sketch on the front face with mixed attributes (Normal, Construction and Centerline). On the Exit panel of the Sketch tab, click Finish Sketch to exit sketch mode. Line (Normal) Centerline
Construction Line
Figure 11 Extruded Sketch
13
On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool, then click and drag on the front face of the part to create another sketch on a work plane that is offset from the front face of the solid. The amount of offset is not important.
14
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Project Geometry tool and select the Normal, Construction, and Centerline (unfortunately these are projected in yellow making them difficult to see).
Figure 12 Project Geometry
The projected entities preserve the parent sketch attributes, but the sketch attributes are not associative. Section 04-48
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15
On the 2D Sketch Panel, click Project Geometry again and project the part face outline on to the current work plane. Note: Projected geometry shown in blue for clarity only.
16
Click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode. Figure 13 Project Geometry (Outline)
17
As before, create another work plane at approximately the same offset distance from the existing work plane.
18
Click the Project Geometry tool and project the geometry as before. Note: Projected geometry shown in blue and Red for clarity only.
Figure 14 New Work Plane
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4.6 Create Sketches onto the Standard Planes within the Parametric Modelling Package The Sketch Tool The Create 2D Sketch tool is used to create new sketches or to activate existing sketches. When the Create 2D Sketch tool is selected on the Sketch panel on the Model tab, it prompts for 'Select plane to create sketch or an existing sketch to edit'. Planes and existing sketches can be selected in the Graphics Window or in the Model panel browser.
Examples: Activate an Existing Sketch
Figure 01 Existing Sketch Figure 02 Existing Sketch Activated for Editing
Creating a Sketch Plane on a Part Face
Figure 04 New Sketch Plane
Figure 03 New Sketch Face
Section 04-50
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Exercise - Working with Sketch Planes In this exercise, several sketched features will be created based upon different sketch planes. 1
Expand the folder called Section 4-6 and Open the file called Link1.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Link-Ex1 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
Figure 01 Link1.ipt
2
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and in the Model panel browser, select Sketch1 by double-clicking to activate or right-click and select Edit Sketch
3
Using standard sketching tools, modify and/or add the geometry to Sketch1 as shown below.
4
Click Finish Sketch to exit Sketch mode.
Figure 02 Sketch1
Figure 03 Modified Sketch1 MAW Design Services
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5
Right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Home View or press [F6].
6
Click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. In the Distance field enter 50 and select the direction icon as shown, then click OK.
Figure 04 Extrude
7
On the Quick Launch Toolbar, display the Colour Override drop-down list and select Orange (Medium) to change the colour of the part.
Note:
Typing "O" will automatically jump to the start of the colours beginning with the letter "O".
Figure 05 Extruded Part - Orange (Medium) Section 04-52
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On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool, then select the lower-right face of the part.
9
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same face.
10
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool and sketch a circle on the end face as shown below.
11
Click the Dimension tool and dimension the size and location of the circle as shown below.
Figure 06 Sketch - Circle
12
Right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Home View or press [F6].
13
Click Finish Sketch to exit Sketch mode.
14
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. In the Distance field enter 25 and select the direction icon as shown, then click OK.
Figure 07 Extrude MAW Design Services
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On the ViewCube, click the top right-hand corner 'hot-spot' of the cube to create the isometric view shown below.
Select this Face Figure 08 New Isometric View
16
On the Create panel on the Model tab, click the Create 2D Sketch tool, then select the face on the part shown above.
17
Right-click in the Graphics Window and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click Slice Graphics or press [F7].
18
On the ViewCube,click the right-hand 'hot-spot' (TOP face) of the cube to create the top view shown below.
Figure 09 Sketch Face
19
On the Draw panel on the Sketch tab, click the Line tool and sketch a slot on the face as shown in Figure 12.
20
On the Constrain panel, click the necessary Constraints / Dimension tools to stabilise the entities as shown in Figure 10. Note: A tangent constraint may need adding between the last arc of the slot and the beginning of the line to stabilise the slot shape. Also, an horizontal constraint between one of the arc centres and a vertical edge midpoint will centralise the slot.
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Figure 10 Sketched and Constrained Slot
21
On the ViewCube,click the top left-hand corner 'hot-spot' to create the isometric view shown below.
22
Click Finish Sketch to exit from Sketch mode.
23
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. Select the Cut feature, and under Extents select All from the drop-down list, then select the direction icon as shown below, then click OK.
Figure 11 Extrude (Cut)
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On the Sketch panel of the Model tab, click on the Create 2D Sketch tool, then select the face of the part shown in Figure 12.
Select this Face Figure 12 New Isometric View
25
Right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Slice Graphics or press [F7].
26
On the ViewCube,click the right-hand 'hot-spot' (TOP face) of the cube to create the top view shown below.
Figure 13 Sketch Face
27
Click the Line tool and sketch entities on the face as shown in Figure 14.
28
Click the necessary Constraints / Dimension tools to stabilise the entities as shown in Figure 14.
Figure 14 Sketched Entities
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29
On the ViewCube,click the top left-hand corner 'hot-spot' to create an isometric view.
30
Click Finish Sketch to exit from Sketch mode.
31
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. Select the Cut feature, and under Extents select All from thr drop-down list, then select the direction icon as shown below, then click OK.
Figure 15 Extrude
32
Using ViewCube, try setting up the isometric view shown in Figure 16 .
33
Try adding a 25 mm fillet radius to the left-hand end as shown below.
34
Close the file without saving.
End of Sketch Planes Exercise.
Figure 16 Completed Exercise MAW Design Services
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Exercise - Link2 SELF ASSESSMENT Create the part file Link2 as shown in Figure 02 from the information given in the first angle projection drawing shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01
Figure 02 Section 04-58
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Exercise - Support Bracket1 SELF ASSESSMENT Create the part file Support Bracket1 as shown in Figure 02 from the information given in the first angle projection drawing shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01
Figure 02 MAW Design Services
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Exercise - Support Bracket2 SELF ASSESSMENT Create the part file Support Bracket2 as shown in Figure 02 from the information given in the first angle projection drawing shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01
Figure 02 Section 04-60
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Use the Range of Commands to Produce Extruded and Revolved Features
5
Outcome References: 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 05-2
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Use the Range of Commands to Produce Extruded and Revolved Features 5.1 Create an Extruded Feature from a Sketch The Extrude Tool The Extrude tool is used to create extruded features from existing sketch profiles. If the sketch contains a single closed profile, that profile is selected automatically when the Extrude tool is selected. If the sketch contains more than one profile, it is necessary to select the profiles to be included in the extruded feature. When the Extrude tool is selected, the following dialog box is displayed.
Figure 01 Extrude
Profile
Click the Profile button to select geometry to include in the extrusion.
Output
Specify the desired output option: Solid or Surface.
Solid
Surface
Direction
Select the direction button or click and drag the preview of the extrusion in the desired direction.
Join
This option joins the result of the extruded feature being created to existing part geometry. Using this option results in material being added to the existing part. Note the green preview indicating material is being added.
Cut
This option cuts the result of the extruded feature being created from the existing part. Using this option results in material being removed from the existing part. Note the pink preview indicating material is being subtracted.
Intersect
This option removes material from the existing part by comparing the volume of the existing features and the feature being created and leaving only the volume shared between the existing features and the new feature.
New Solid
Creates a new solid body and is the default selection if the extrude is the first solid feature in the part file. Select to create a new body in a part file with existing solid bodies.
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Terminations Termination options for the feature can be specified in the Extrude dialog box. Specifying termination options allows for control on where the feature starts and ends. Distance
This option extrudes the profile according to the distance specified.
Figure 02 Distance
To Next
This option extrudes the profile to the next possible face or plane. Use the Terminator button to select a solid or surface on which to terminate the extrusion.
Figure 03 To Next
To
This option extrudes the profile to terminate on the selected face or plane.
Figure 04 To
From To
This option extrudes the profile by starting the extrusion at the face or plane selected in the From option and ending the extrusion at the second face
Figure 05 From To
All
or plane selected. This option extrudes the profile all the way through the part.
Figure 06 All
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Feature Editing After an extruded feature has been created, it can be edited at any time. On the Model panel browser, right-clicking on a feature (eg Extrusion1) will display a pop-up shortcut menu, with some of the available options detailed below: 3D Grips
Select this option to resize the feature by pushing or pulling its grips.
Move Feature Select this option to drag the extruded feature to a new location. Show Dimensions
Select this option to show all the sketch dimensions.
Edit Sketch
Select this option to activate the sketch for editing.
Edit Feature
Select this option to open the Extrude dialog box for modification.
Figure 07 Feature Editing
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Exercise - Extruded Features In this exercise, several extruded features will be created from sketch geometry. 1
On the Quick Launch Toolbar, click the down-arrow on the New button and select Part.
2
On the Draw panel of the Sketch tab, click the Center Point Circle tool and pick the projected Center Point at the intersection of the bold horizontal and vertical graph lines on the Graphics Window. Draw a circle of approximately 15 mm radius.
3
Click the Dimension tool and select the circle, then move the mouse away to position the dimension. Enter 30 in the Edit Dimension dialog box as the correct value required.
4
Using various sketch tools from the Draw and Constrain panels, produce the sketch shown in Figure 01 and ensure its fully constrained.
Figure 01 Consumed Sketch
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5
Right-click on the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Done (or press [Esc].
6
Right-click on the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Finish Sketch.
7
Press [F6] to rotate to the isometric Home View.
8
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click Extrude to display the Extrude dialog box. Select the area to extrude and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 02, then click the OK button.
Figure 02 Extrude
Figure 03 Extruded Feature MAW Design Services
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5.2 Select a Suitable Face on a Solid Model to act as a Sketching plane for the creation of a New Feature 5.3 Modify an Existing Solid Model by using the Extruded Cut Feature Exercise - Extruded Features (Continued) 9
Right-click on the face at the left-hand end of the part and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click New Sketch.
10
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same end-face on the part.
Figure 04 New Sketch Plane
11
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the five edges (A through E) as shown in Figure 06.
12
On the Draw panel, click the Line tool and sketch the line segments for the profile as shown in Figure 07. B
C
A
D
E
Figure 06 Project Geometry
Section 05-8
Figure 05 View Face
Figure 07 Sketched Line Segments
13
On the Constrain panel, click the Colinear constraint tool and select the two lines marked (F) and (G) in Figure 08.
14
On the Constrain panel, click the Vertical constraint tool and select the midpoint of line (H) and the midpoint of the top edge (J) shown in Figure 09.
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J
G
F
H
Figure 08 Colinear Constraint
15
Figure 09 Vertical Constraint
On the Constrain panel, click the Dimension tool and place the three dimensions shown in Figure 10. Then right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Done (or press [Esc])
Figure 10 General Dimension
16
Press [F6] to rotate to the isometric Home View.
17
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode.
18
On the Create panel of the Model tab, click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. Complete the Extrude dialog box as shown in Figure 11 and click OK.
Figure 11 Extrude - Cut MAW Design Services
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Figure 12 Extruded Cut Feature
21
Right-click on the top face of the part, and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click New Sketch.
22
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same end-face on the part.
23
On the 2D Sketch Panel, click on the Center Point Circle tool and sketch a concentric circle 10 mm diameter based on the centre of the top arc.
24
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode.
Figure 13 Sketch
Section 05-10
25
Press [F6] to rotate to the isometric Home View.
26
On the Model panel, click the Extrude tool and select the area to extrude. Setup the Extrude dialog box as shown in Figure 14 and click the OK button. MAW Design Services
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Figure 14 Extrude - Cut
27
On the Quick Access Toolbar, display the Colour Override drop-down list and select Aluminium (Polished) to change the colour of the part.
Figure 15 Completed Exercise
28
Save the part as YOUR INITIALS-SLIDE in the Section 5-3 folder.
End of Extruded Features Exercise. MAW Design Services
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5.4 Create a Revolved Feature from a Sketch The Revolve Tool Revolved features are created by revolving a profile about an axis. When the Revolve tool is selected, the following dialog box is displayed.
Figure 01 Revolve
Profile
Click the Profile button to select geometry to include in the revolved feature. A red arrow indicates that no profiles have been selected for the revolved feature.
Axis
Click the Axis button to select the line segment to use as the axis for the revolve feature. Note: If the sketch contains a centerline, it is selected automatically as the axis.
Output
Specify the desired output option: Solid or Surface.
Solid Surface Extents Select the desired option from the drop-down list. Angle
This option enables an angle to be specified and the direction of revolution.
Full
This option revolves the profile 360°.
Direction Select the direction button or click and drag the preview of the revolve in the desired direction. Only available if the Extents option is set to Angle.
Section 05-12
Figure 02 Revolve - Angle MAW Design Services
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Join, Cut and Intersect Join This option joins the result of the revolved feature being created to existing part geometry. This option results in material being added to the existing part. Note the green preview indicating material is being added. Cut
This option cuts the result of the revolved feature being created from the existing part. This option results in material being removed from the existing part. Note the red/pink preview indicating material is being removed.
Intersect This option removes material from the existing part by comparing the volume of the existing features and the feature being created and leaving only the volume shared between the existing featues and the new feature. Note the blue preview indicating an intersect relationship. New Solid Creates a new solid body and is the default selection if the revolve is the first solid feature in the part file. Select to create a new body in a part file with one or more solid bodies.
Feature Editing After a revolved feature has been created, it can be edited at any time. On the Model panel browser, right-clicking on a feature (eg Revolution1) will display the popup shortcut menu, with the following options available: Edit Sketch
Select this option to activate the sketch for editing.
Edit Feature
Select this option to open the Revolve dialog box for modification.
Figure 03 Feature Editing
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Exercise - Revolved Features 1 In this exercise, a revolved feature will be created from sketch geometry. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-4 and Open the file called Revolve-Exercise1.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Revolve-Ex1 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
Figure 01 Sketch - Revolve-Ex1.ipt
2
On the Create panel, click Revolve to display the Revolve dialog box. Note: The profile and the axis (centerline) are automatically selected. Note also the green revolved profile. Complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 02, then click the OK button.
Figure 02 Revolve - Full Section 05-14
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3
On the Quick Access Toolbar, display the Colour Override drop-down list and select Nickel (Bright) to change the colour of the part.
Figure 03 Completed Exercise
4
Do not save the part.
End of Revolved Features 1 Exercise.
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5.5 Modify an Existing Solid Model by using the Revolved Cut Feature Exercise - Revolved Features 2 In this exercise, revolved cut features will be created from sketch geometry. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-5 and Open the file called Revolve-Exercise2.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Revolve-Ex2 to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool.
3
On the Model panel browser, expand the Origin folder and select the XZ Plane.
Figure 01 XZ Plane
Figure 02 Revolve-Ex2.ipt - XZ Plane
4
Press [F7] to Slice Graphics.
5
On the Draw panel, click the Project Cut Edges tool on the Project Geometry flyout. Reference geometry is created based on the location of the current sketch as it passes through the part.
6
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and in the Model panel browser, select the Z Axis. This projects the origin Z axis onto the current sketch.
Figure 03 Z Axis
Figure 04 Slice Graphics - Z Axis Section 05-16
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7
On the ViewCube,click the left-hand 'hot-spot' (BOTTOM face) of the cube to create the view shown in Figure 05.
8
On the Draw panel, click the Line tool and sketch the shape shown in Figure 05.
Figure 05 Sketch
9 10 11
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode. Press [F6] to rotate to the isometric Home View. On the Create panel, click Revolve to open the Revolve dialog box. Complete the dialog box as shown in below, then click the OK button.
Figure 06 Revolve - Cut MAW Design Services
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On the Quick Access Toolbar, display the Colour Override drop-down list and select Mirror to change the colour of the part.
Figure 07 Revolved Cut Feature
13
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Revolution1 and on the pop-up shortcut menu, select Edit Feature to display the Revolve : Revolution1 dialog box for editing.
Figure 8 Edit Feature Section 05-18
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In the dialog box, edit the Extents from Full to Angle with a value of 270°, then click the OK button.
Figure 9 Revolve - Edit
Figure 10 Completed Exercise
Do not save the part.
End of Revolved Features 2 Exercise. MAW Design Services
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5.6 Create Features that are Constrained in Different Ways including: Mid Plane, by Distance or Angle, To, and To Next Exercise - Terminations In this exercise, terminations will be used to create features from sketched geometry. See also, Section 03-4. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-6 and Open the file called U-Block Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of U-Block to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Model panel browser, expand the Origin folder by clicking on the button and then click the XY Plane.
Figure 01 XY Plane
Figure 02 U-Block - XY Plane
3
On the Work Features panel, select the Plane tool, and on the U-Block, click and drag the corner of the XY-Plane until the Offset dialog box appears and enter 50 mm for the actual value. Click the green arrow to accept (or press [Enter] on the keyboard).
This will create a Work Plane midway down the extruded length of the U-Block and can be used for adding further sketched features. Figure 03 Work Plane - Offset Section 05-20
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4
5
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch button and select the new Work Plane. Press [F7] to Slice Graphics.
6
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the Work Plane.
7
On the 2D Sketch Panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the three inner edges of the U-Block (these will turn yellow when selected).
8
On the Draw panel, click the Three Point Arc tool andsketch an arc between the inner two vertical lines as shown in Figure 05.
Figure 04 Project Geometry
Figure 05 Sketch - Arc
9
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit from Sketch mode.
10
On the ViewCube,click the Home icon to create the isometric Home View shown below.
11
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box. Select the web profile, and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 06, then click the OK button.
Figure 06 Extrude - Mid Plane and Distance MAW Design Services
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12
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the same Work Plane.
13
Press [F7] to Slice Graphics.
14
On the ViewCube,click the FRONT face 'hot-spot'.
15
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the left vertical edge and the bottom horizontal line of the U-Block.
16
On the Draw panel, click the Two Point Rectangle tool and produce the sketch shown in Figure 07. Ensure the bottom edges of the rectangle and U-Block are Colinear constrained.
Figure 07 Sketch
17 18
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit from Sketch mode. Press [F4] (keep your finger on the key), then click and drag the mouse to create an isometric view similar to that shown below.
Figure 08 Isometric View Section 05-22
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19
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box. Select the rectangle profile, complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 09, then click the OK button.
Figure 09 Extrude - Mid Plane and Distance
Figure 10 Isometric Views MAW Design Services
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20
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Work Plane1 and from the pop-up shortcut menu, select Visibility to hide the Work Plane.
21
If necessary, setup a view similar to that shown in Figure 12 and on the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the front vertical face on the U-Block to create a view like that shown in Figure 13.
Figure 11 Visibility
Select face Figure 12 Rotate
Figure 13 View Face
22
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the front face to create a sketch plane.
23
On the Draw panel, click on the Center Point Circle tool and create a fully constrained circle as shown in Figure14.
Figure 14 Sketch - Circle
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24
On the ViewCube,click the Home icon to create the isometric Home View shown below.
25
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode.
26
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box. Select the circle profile and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 15, then click the Select surface to end the feature creation button and select the back face and then click OK.
Figure 15 Extrude - To
Note: The "To" option penetrates through any and all features until it reaches its specified destination, in this case the back wall.
Figure 16 Extrude - To MAW Design Services
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27
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the same front face to create a sketch plane.
28
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same front face.
29
On the Draw panel, click the Center Point Circle tool and create a fully constrained circle as shown in Figure 17.
30
On the ViewCube,click the top right-hand corner 'hot-spot' to create the isometric view shown below.
31
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode.
32
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box.
Figure 17 Sketch - Circle
Select the circle profile and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 18, and then click OK.
Figure 18 Extrude - To Next Section 05-26
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Note:
The "To Next" option terminates at the first face or plane it finds, in this case the other wall of the U-Block.
Figure 19 Extrude - To Next
33
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the same front face to create a sketch plane.
34
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same front face.
35
On the Draw panel, click on Center Point Circle and select the midpoint of the top horizontal line on the front face as shown in Figure 20.
36
On the ViewCube,click the top right-hand corner 'hot-spot' to create the isometric view shown in Figure 21.
37
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode.
38
Figure 20 Sketch - Circle
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool to display the Extrude dialog box as shown in Figure 21 and click the circle profile. Select From To from the Extents drop-down list, then select the nearest vertical face on the back wall of the U-Block as the surface to start the feature creation. Select the vertical front face on the back wall as the surface to end the feature creation. With the dialog box looking as shown in Figure 21, click OK.
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Figure 21 Sketch - Circle
Note: The "From To" option allows for the profile to be on one sketch face, whilst the extrusion is from a different sketch face to terminate at yet another different sketch face.
Figure 22 Extrude - From To
39
Do not save the part.
End of Terminations Exercise. Section 05-28
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5.7 Edit and Modify Existing Features and Sketches by Changing their Definitions
Model Panel Browser - Part Modelling When using the Browser Bar in the Part Modelling Environment, it displays the Origin folder containing the default X, Y, and Z Planes, Axes, and Center Point. It also lists all the features used in creating the part. Features are listed in the order in which they were created. Hovering the mouse pointer over a feature in the Browser Bar will automatically highlight that feature on the part in red. Clicking on a feature in the Browser Bar will highlight that feature on the part in blue. To edit an existing sketch or to modify an existing feature, right-click the required item to display a pop-up context menu from which the desired tool may be selected.
Figure 01 Browser Bar
Figure 02 Context Menu
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Figure 03 Circular Pattern1 Highlighted Section 05-29
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Exercise - Shaft Flange In this exercise, sketches and features will be edited and modified by changing their definitions. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-7 and Open the file called Shaft Flange Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Shaft Flange Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
Figure 01 Shaft Flange Ex.ipt
2
On the Model panel browser, expand Extrusion2, then right-click on Sketch2 and from the pop-up context menu, select Edit Sketch.
3
Double-click the 112.5 mm dimension to display the Edit Dimension : d10 dialog box and enter a new value of 110 mm.
Figure 02 Extrusion2 - Edit Sketch
Figure 03 Edit Sketch - Edit Dimension
4
Right-click on the Graphics Window and select Finish Sketch to complete the edit.
5
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Extrusion2 and from the pop-up context menu, select Edit Feature.
6
In the Extrude : Extrusion2 dialog box, change the 42 mm distance to 50 mm and click OK.
Figure 04 Edit Feature Section 05-30
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Figure 05 Extrude : Extrusion2
7
On the Model panel browser, expand Extrusion4, then right-click on Sketch4 and from the pop-up context menu, select Edit Sketch.
8
On the Navigation Bar, click on the View Face button and click the top face of the boss.
9
Zoom in on the keyway and doubleclick on the dimensions to edit as shown in Figures 07 and 08.
Figure 06 Sketch4 - Edit Sketch
Figure 07 Edit Dimension - Before
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Figure 08 Edit Dimension - After Section 05-31
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10
Enter the dimension shown in Figure 09 (36 mm) and add a Vertical constraint between the midpoint of the top horizontal line on the rectangle and the the centre of the bore on the boss.
11
Right-click on the Graphics Window and on the pop-up shortcut menu, click Done.
12
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to exit Sketch mode. Figure 09 Edit Sketch - Keyway
Figure 10 Edited Keyway
13
On the ViewCube,click the Home icon to create the isometric Home View shown below.
Figure 11 Completed Exercise
14
Do not save the part.
End of Shaft Flange Exercise.
Section 05-32
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5.8 Create Simple Ribs and Webs from Open and Closed Profiles
The Rib Tool The Rib tool, accessed from the Create panel on the Model tab, is used to create Ribs (closed, thin walled support shapes) and Webs (open, thin-walled support shapes) using an open profile. When creating ribs, the profile is projected to the next face and for webs, the profile is projected a specific distance to define its depth.
Figure 01 Rib
Shape Specifies the profile geometry, sets the direction, and if the profile exyends to a face, Profile In a single sketch, selects an open profile to define the shape of a rib or web. Direction
Controls the direction of the rib or web. Hover the cursor over the profile to specify whether the rib extends or perpendicular to the sketch geometry.
Extend Profile By default, the profile extends to intersect a face, if required. Clear the checkbox to prevent the profile from extending. Thickness Specifies the width of the rib or web. Flip Applies the thickness on either side of the profile or extends equally on both sides of the profile. Extents Specifies the termination for the rib or web. To Next Terminates the rib or web on the next face. Finite
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Sets a specific distance for the rib or web termination. Enter value.
Section 05-33
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Exercise - Ribbed Bracket In this exercise, a rib will be created on an existing bracket. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-8 and Open the file called Ribbed Bracket Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Ribbed Bracket Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch button, then on the Model panel browser, expand the Origin folder and select the YZ Plane to create a sketch plane.
3
Press [F7] to Slice Graphics.
4
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button, then on the Model panel browser, select the YZ Plane to create a view on the sketch plane.
Figure 01 Ribbed Bracket Ex.ipt
Figure 02 Sketch Plane
Figure 03 Slice Graphics
Figure 04 Look At
5
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the edges indicated on Figure 05.
6
On the Draw panel, click the Line tool and sketch the single line profile shown in Figure 05.
Project Geometry
Note 1: It is essential when creating a rib that mates to a curved surface, that this edge is projected. If the edge is not projected, the resulting rib will have gaps between the rib edges and the boss as shown in Figure 06. Note 2: If difficulties occur, try using the Project Cut Edges tool instead of selecting the edges with the Project Geometry tool.
Project Geometry Profile Line
Gaps
Project Geometry
Figure 06 Gaps between Rib and Boss
Figure 05 Project Geometry and Line Section 05-34
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7 8
9
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch button to exit sketch mode. Press [F6] to create an Isometric View.
On the Create panel, click the Rib tool to display the Rib dialog box and select the profile line. Click the Direction button and indicate the direction required, then under Thickness, enter 5 mm in the text box as per Figure 07. If all is well, click OK.
Figure 07 Rib Tool
10
Do not save the part.
End of Ribbed Bracket exercise.
Figure 08 Complete Rib MAW Design Services
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Exercise - L-Bracket In this exercise, a rib and a web will be created on an existing bracket. 1
Expand the folder called Section 5-8 and Open the file called L-Bracket Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of L-Bracket Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch button and select the edge of the existing work plane.
3 4
Press [F7] to Slice Graphics. On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the edge of the existing work plane.
Figure 02 Slice Graphics
Figure 01 L-Bracket Ex.ipt
Figure 03 Look At
5
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the inside vertical and horizontal lines (they should turn yellow as confirmation).
6
On the Draw panel, click the Three Point Arc tool and select the midpoint of the inside vertical line, then the midpoint of the inside horizontal line and then place the cursor to create an arc similar to that shown in Figure 04.
7
On the Constrain panel, click the Dimension tool and select the arc, resizing it to 40 mm, then use the Fix constraint on each end of the arc.
Figure 04 Arc Section 05-36
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8 9
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch button to exit from Sketch mode. Press [F6] to return to the isometric Home View.
Rib Creation 10
On the Create panel, click on the Rib tool to display the Rib dialog box. Select the arc profile, then complete the dialog box as shown below and click OK.
Figure 05 Rib Tool
11
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Work Plane2 and from the pop-up context menu, click Visibility to hide the work plane. 12
Save the part file as YOUR-INITIALS L-BRACKET1.ipt in the Sections 5-8 folder.
Figure 06 Visibility - Off Figure 07 Completed Rib MAW Design Services
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Web Creation 13
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Rib2 and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click Edit Feature to display the Rib : Rib2 dialog box. Complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 08 and click OK.
Figure 08 Edit Feature
Figure 09 Completed Web Section 05-38
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14
Save the part file as YOUR-INITIALS L-BRACKET2.ipt in the Sections 5-8 folder.
Figure 10 Completed Rib - MAW L-BRACKET1
Figure 11 Completed Web - MAW L-BRACKET2
This completes the L-Bracket exercise.
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Section 05-40
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Use Placed Features to Modify Parametric Models
6
Outcome References: 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 06-2
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Use Placed Features to Modify Parametric Models 6.1 Use the Fillet Feature to Modify a Solid Model The Fillet Tool The Fillet tool is used to create fillets and rounds on existing parametric geometry. Constant radius and variable radius fillets can be created.
Figure 02 All Rounds
Figure 01 Fillet Tool - Constant Tab
Constant Radius Tab Edge Sets
An edge set is made up of selected edges and a radius value.
Edges
Displays the number of edges selected for this edge set. The small arrow icon indicates that selection mode is activated.
Radius
Specifies the value for the radius of the fillet for each edge set and although each edge set can have a different radius value, they are all treated as one fillet feature. Selected edges can be removed from an edge set by holding down the [Ctrl] or [Shift] key and selecting the edges to be removed.
Click to Add
Select this area of the dialog box to create a new edge set.
Select mode
Options for edge selection.
Edge
Allows the selection or removal of individual edges to fillet.
Loop
Allows the selection or removal of edges of a closed loop on a face.
Feature
Allows the selection or removal of all edges of a feature at once.
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All Fillets
This option is used to select all concave edges and corners automatically. Individual edges cannot be removed from the All Fillets edge set.
All Rounds
This option is used to select all convex edges and corners. Individual edges cannot be removed from the All Rounds edge set.
Added Point 1
Figure 03 Fillet Tool - Variable Tab
Figure 04 Point Added
Variable Radius Tab Edges
Select an edge to place a variable radius fillet, with only one edge allowed per selection.
Point
Lists the Start point and End point of the selected edge. Selecting additional points along the edge allows for more control over the variable radius.
Radius
The radius value allocated to a selected point.
Position
The position specified along the selected edge for the selected point. The value represents the percentage from the Start point.
Smooth radius transition
This option is selected to gradually blend the radius between points. Unchecked, this option will create fillets with a linear transition between points.
Figure 05 Smooth Radius Transition ON
Section 06-4
Figure 06 Smooth Radius Transition OFF
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Figure 08 Setbacks
Figure 07 Fillet Tool - Setbacks Tab
Setbacks Tab Vertex
Select the vertex of three selected edges.
Edge & Setback
Select each edge and specify a setback value for the edge. The value represents a distance along the selected edge from the vertex.
Figure 09 Without Setbacks
Figure 10 With Setbacks
Figure 11 Fillet Dialog Box - Further Options
Expanded Area - Further Options Roll along sharp edges Sets the solution method for the fillet when conditions would cause adjacent edges to be extended in order to maintain the radius. If checked, the fillet radius varies when necessary to preserve the adjacent faces. If unchecked, the fillet radius remains constant and adjacent faces are extended as required to maintain the radius.
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Figure 12 - OFF
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Figure 13 - ON
Rolling ball where possible Sets the corner style for the fillets.
Figure 14 - OFF
Figure 15 - ON
Automatic Edge Chain When checked, all edges tangent to the selected edge are selected automatically.
Preserve All Features When checked, features that intersect the fillet feature are checked out and their intersections are calculated. If unchecked, features that intersect with the fillet are not calculated.
Figure 16 - OFF
Section 06-6
Figure 17 - ON
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Exercise - Fillet Ex In this exercise, fillet features will be created on an existing model. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-1 and Open the file called Fillet Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Fillet Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Modify panel, click the Fillet tool (Constant tab) and create two Edge Sets. Select the geometry labeled Edge Set 1 and enter a 1 mm radius (see Figure 02). Select Click to add and create another Edge Set by selecting the geometry labeled Edge Set 2 and enter a 10 mm radius. Click OK to create the feature.
Figure 01 Fillet Ex.ipt
Edge Set 1
Edge Set 2
Figure 02 Fillet (Constant Tab) - Edge Sets
Figure 03 Fillet - Edge Sets Completed MAW Design Services
Section 06-7
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On the Modify panel, click the Fillet tool (Constant tab) and select the top edge at the start of the sloping face as shown in Figure 04. Enter 50 mm for the Radius. Selected Edge
Figure 04 Fillet - Constant Tab
Figure 05 Fillet - Constant Tab Completed
4
On the Modify panel, click the Fillet tool. Click the Variable tab and select the edge as shown in Figure 06. The Start and End points are set at the start and end of the selected edge. Select the midpoints shown to define Points 1, 2 and 3. In the dialog box, select each point and confirm the radius values for each point, then click OK.
Section 06-8
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End Point Radius = 6 mm Start Point Radius = 6 mm Point 3 Radius = 4 mm
Point 1 Radius = 4 mm
Selected Edge Point 2 Radius = 2 mm
Figure 06 Fillet - Variable Tab
Figure 07 Fillet - Variable Tab Completed
5
On the ViewCube, click the top left-hand corner 'hot-spot' to change the isometric view.
6
On the Modify panel, click the Fillet tool and select the Constant tab, then select the edge shown in Figure 08. Enter 4 mm for the Radius.
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Selected Edge Figure 08 Fillet - Constant Tab
Figure 09 Fillet - Constant Tab Completed
7
Do not save the part file.
End of Fillet exercise. Section 06-10
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6.2 Use the Chamfer Feature to Modify an Existing Solid Model The Chamfer Tool The Chamfer tool is used to create/add chamfer features on to existing parametric geometry. There are three different methods of creating chamfer features. Which ever method is chosen, the end result is the replacement of the selected edge(s) with a face(s) at an angle specified either directly or otherwise, through the use of distances.
Single Distance Option
Figure 01 Single Distance Option
Edges
Select the edge(s) to be chamfered.
Distance
Enter a distance for the chamfer. The distance is applied to both sides of the selected edge, resulting in a 45° chamfer.
Distance/Angle Option
Figure 02 Distance/Angle Option
Edges
Select the edge(s) to be chamfered. This option is disabled until a face is selected. The edge(s) selected must be adjacent to the selected face.
Face
Select a face adjacent to the edge being chamfered. The angle is measured from this face.
Distance
Enter a distance for the chamfer. The distance is measured from the selected edge along the selected face.
Angle
Enter an angle for the chamfer. The angle is measured from the selected face.
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Two Distances Option
Figure 03 Two Distances Option
Edge
Select the edge to be chamfered. Only one edge can be chamfered at a time.
Flip
Flip the sides of the selected edge for calculating Distance1 and Distance2.
Distance1
Enter the first distance of the chamfer. This distance is measured along one of the adjacent faces.
Distance2
Enter the second distance of the chamfer. This distance is measured along the opposite adjacent face.
Expanded Area - Further Options
Figure 04 Expanded Area - Further Options
Edge Chain
These two options control how the edges are selected.
The edge selected and all tangentially connected edges. Only the single edge selected. Setback
Only available when using the single distance method. When chamfering three edges that meet at a corner, these options determine the result of the corner.
Figure 05 Setback Section 06-12
Figure 06 No Setback MAW Design Services
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Exercise - Chamfer Ex In this exercise, Chamfer features will be created on an existing model. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-2 and Open the file called Chamfer Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Chamfer Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Modify panel, click the Chamfer tool to display the Chamfer dialog box. Select the inside edge of the hole and in the Distance box, enter 2 mm, then OK.
Figure 01 Chamfer Ex.ipt
click
Figure 02 Chamfer Distance Option - Hole
3
On the Modify panel, click the Chamfer tool (or press [Ctrl+Shift+K]) to display the dialog box. Select the inside edges of the slot and in the Distance box,enter 1 mm, then click OK.
Figure 03 Chamfer Distance Option - Slot MAW Design Services
Section 06-13
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Inventor Training
Call up the Chamfer tool again and click the Distance/Angle option. Select the side face shown and then click the top edge of the face. In the Distance box, enter 1.5 mm and in the Angle box, enter 30 deg, then click OK.
Selected Edge Selected Face Figure 04 Chamfer Distance/Angle Option - Face/Edge
5
Call up the Chamfer tool and click the Distance/Angle option again. Select the side face shown and then click the top edge of the face. In the Distance box, enter 1.5 mm and in the Angle box, enter 30 deg, then click OK. Note: The edge selected includes the line, arc and opposite line.
Selected Edge Selected Face
Figure 05 Chamfer Distance/Angle Option - Face/Edge
Section 06-14
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6
On the ViewCube, click the top right-hand corner 'hot-spot' twice to rotate to the isometric view shown below.
7
Call up the Chamfer tool and click the Distance/Angle option again. Select the side face shown and then click the top edge of the face. In the Distance box, enter 1.5 mm and in the Angle box, enter 30 deg, then click OK.
Selected Edge Selected Face
Figure 06 Chamfer Distance/Angle Option - Face/Edge
8
Call up the Chamfer tool again and click the Two Distances option. Select the edge shown and in the Distance1 box enter 2.5 mm, and in the Distance2 box enter 1.5 mm, then click OK.
Selected Edge
Figure 07 Chamfer Two Distances Option - Boss MAW Design Services
Section 06-15
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Inventor Training
Call up the Chamfer tool again and click the Distance option.Select all four bottom edges of the rectangular box and in the Distance box, enter 2 mm, then click OK.
Figure 08 Chamfer Distances Option - Rectangular Box
Figure 09 Chamfer Exercise Completed
10
Do not save the part file.
End of Chamfer exercise. Section 06-16
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6.3 Use the Hole Feature as a means of Defining Drilled Holes within a Solid Model The Hole Tool Holes are parametrically created features that are placed on an existing part. They have several options such as counterbore, countersink, flat bottom, threads and fastener clearances, etc. Using the Hole tool provides for the creation of various hole types with various hole options in a single dialog box, including drill point and thread options.
Figure 01 Holes Tool
Placement Options Selected from the drop-down list.
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From Sketch
Used for creating holes based on locations on a sketch. Hole locations can be on a Point or Hole Center, endpoint of a line or curve, or centres of projected circular geometry.
Centers
Select the centre points for the holes. Used to create a series of identical holes with one feature. Section 06-17
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Linear
Select to position the hole relative to two selected edges.
Face
Select a face on the part to orient the hole.
Reference1
Select a part edge as the first reference. Place a dimension from the selected edge to the centre of the hole. These dimensions can be edited.
Reference2
Select a part edge as the second reference. Place a dimension from the selected edge to the centre of the hole.
Flip Side
Used to position the hole on the opposite side of the selected edge.
Concentric
Used to position the hole concentric to another circular part edge.
Plane
Select a part face to orient the hole.
Concentric Reference
Select a circular edge or face to locate the the hole concentrically.
On Point
Select to locate the hole on a work point.
Point
Select a work point to locate the hole.
Direction
Select a plane, face, edge or work axis to define the direction of the hole. If a plane is selected, the hole direction is normal to the face or plane.
Hole Options
Standard drilled hole. Counterbored hole. Spotfaced hole. Countersink hole.
Note: Click the required radio button when making a selection.
Section 06-18
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Hole Parameters Complete the hole parameters depending on the hole type selected.
Drill Point
Select flat or angled drill point. If angled point is selected, enter an angle.
Termination
Select the type of termination required from the drop-down list.
Distance
The depth of the hole as determined by the value given in the Hole Parameters area.
Through All
The hole is created through the entire part.
To
Select a face or plane to determine the depth of the hole.
Hole Types Creates a simple hole without thread features.
Creates a tapped hole based on the thread designation and options entered in the Threads dialog box. Creates a taper tapped hole based on the thread designation and options entered in the Threads dialog box.
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Section 06-20
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Exercise - Holes Ex In this exercise, Hole features will be created on an existing model. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-3 and Open the file called Holes Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Hole Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Modify panel, click the Hole tool to display the Hole dialog box. Select Concentric from the Placement drop-down list and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 02.
Figure 01 Holes Ex.ipt
Figure 02 Holes Tool
3
Select the top plane of the part that contains the three small flanges.
Selected Top Plane
Figure 03 Select Top Plane MAW Design Services
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Select the edge radius of the flange to set the concentric reference. Holes can be placed concentric to a circular edge or a cylindrical face. Click Apply to create the hole.
Figure 04 Select the Edge Radius
5
Repeat steps 3 and 4 to create the two other holes on the remaining small flanges.
Figure 05 Three Simple Drilled Holes
6
When completed, close the Holes dialog box.
7
On the Modify panel, click the Hole tool to display the Holes dialog box again. Select Concentric from the Placement drop-down list and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 06.
Figure 06 Hole Tool - Counterbored Hole
8
Section 06-22
Select the top plane of one of the two large flanges, then select the edge radius of the flange to set the concentric reference. MAW Design Services
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Figure 07 Select Top Plane
Figure 08 Select Edge Radius
9
Click Apply to create the hole.
10
Repeat steps 8 and 9 to create the other counterbored hole on the remaining large flange.
11
When completed, close the Holes dialog box.
Figure 09 Completed Holes Exercise
12
Do not save the part file.
End of Holes exercise.
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6.4 Use the Shell Feature to Remove Material and Faces from a Solid Model The Shell Tool The Shell tool is used to create shelled features on existing geometry. Material can be removed from an existing part to create a cavity by specifying a wall thickness for the faces. The Shell tool also allows for the creation of differing wall thicknesses for each face of the part.
Figure 01 Shell Tool
Remove Faces
Click to select the face(s) to remove from the shell feature. If no faces are removed from the shell feature, the part will have a closed hollow cavity.
Thickness
Value required for the wall thickness.
Direction
Select one of the direction buttons.
Inside - Thickness is applied to the inside of the existing face. Outside - Thickness is applied to the outside of the existing face. Both - Half of the thickness is applied to each side of the exiting face.
Expanded Area - Further Option
Figure 02 Shell Tool Expanded
Unique face thickness Selecting in the Click to add area will allow the creation of unique face thicknesses for the shell feature. This value will override the default thickness for the selected face(s) only. Section 06-24
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Exercise - Shell Ex In this exercise, a Shell feature will be created on an existing model. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-4 and Open the file called Shell Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Shell Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Modify panel, click the Shell tool to display the Shell dialog box. Select the top face for removal and enter 1 mm in the Thickness box, then click OK.
Figure 01 Shell Ex.ipt
Note: The thickness is applied to all the remaining faces on the part.
Click this Face to remove
Figure 02 Shell - Face Removal
3
The shell feature has been created as shown in Figure 03. The feature will now be edited to create some unique wall thicknesses.
Figure 03 Shell (1 mm constant wall thickness) MAW Design Services
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4
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Shell1 and from the pop-up context menu, click Edit Feature.
5
Expand the Shell : Shell1 dialog box to show the Unique face thickness area.
6
Select the Click to add area and select the face shown in Figure 05. In the main Thickness box, enter 1 mm and under Unique face thickness, enter 3 mm.
Figure 04 Edit Feature
Select this Face Figure 05 Unique Face Thickness
7
Select the Click to add area again and add another unique face thickness by selecting the inside face of the large hole and for a thickness of 3.5 mm.
Select the Inside Face
Figure 06 Unique Face Thickness - Large Hole Section 06-26
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8
Select the Click to add area again and add another unique face thickness by selecting the inside faces of the four smaller holes and with a thickness of 2 mm. Click OK to close the dialog box.
Select the Inside Faces
Select the Inside Faces
Figure 07 Unique Face Thickness - Small Holes
9
The shell feature is updated to reflect the new unique wall thicknesses.
Figure 08 Completed Exercise
10 MAW Design Services
Do not save the part file.
End of Shell exercise Section 06-27
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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6.5 Use the Pattern Feature to Create Rectangular and Circular Patterns of Existing Features within a Solid Model The Rectangular Pattern Tool The Rectangular Pattern tool is used to multiple copy one or more features in a rectangular pattern. The feature can be patterned along one or two directions and/or paths, with options to control feature spacing.
Figure 01 Rectangular Pattern Tool
When the Pattern individual features button is selected, one or more features may be selected.
When the Pattern the entire solid button is selected, work features may be included in the pattern.
Section 06-28
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Direction 1
Select the path for Direction 1. Can be an edge on a part or a 2D sketch representing the path.
Path
Click the Flip button to change the path direction. Enter the total number of times the item occurs in the pattern. Enter a value for the recurring pattern distance or total distance of the pattern based on the selection from the drop-down list. Select an option from the drop-down list.
Spacing
The value represents the spacing between occurrances.
Distance
The value represents the total pattern distance.
Curve Length This disables the Distance field and divides the curve length by the number of occurrances.
Direction 2
Optional - contains the same options as Direction 1 above.
Expanded Section: Direction 1 and Direction 2 Start
Sets the start point for the first occurrance. It can start at any selected point.
Compute Optimized
Used for pattern occurrances of 50 or more to increase pattern performance.
Identical
Used to ensure that each occurrance uses an identical termination option, regardless of where it intersects other features.
Adjust
Enables each occurrance termination to be calculated.
Orientation
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These options control the orientation of the patterned features.
Identical
Ensures that the occurrance orientation is identical to that of the first feature.
Direction 1 or Direction 2
Allows for occurrances to be rotated as the path changes directions.
Section 06-29
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The Circular Pattern Tool The Circular Pattern tool is used to multiple copy one or more features in a circular pattern.
Figure 01 Circular Pattern Tool
Clicking the Pattern individual features button, provides for the following selection options: Features
Select one or more features to be patterned.
Rotational Axis Select the rotation axis for the pattern circular faces, work axes, or part edges. Clicking the Pattern the entire solid button, provides for the following selection options: Include Work Features include in the pattern.
Select the work features to
Rotation Axis Select the rotation axis for the pattern - circular faces, work axes, or part edges. Placement Enter the total number of occurrances for the pattern. Enter the angle for the pattern - the result is based on the Positioning Method selected. Flip
Section 06-30
Click to flip the rotational direction of the pattern.
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Creation Method Optimized
Used for pattern occurrances of 50 or more to increase pattern performance.
Identical
Used to ensure that each occurrance uses an identical termination option, regardless of where it intersects other features.
Adjust
Enables each occurrance termination to be calculated.
Positioning Method
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Incremental
Sets the angle value to represent the angle between occurrances.
Fitted
Sets the angle value to represent the total rotational angle of the pattern.
Section 06-31
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Exercise - Pattern Ex In this exercise, a Rectangular and Circular Pattern feature will be created on an existing model. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-5 and Open the file called Pattern Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Pattern Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Pattern panel, click the Rectangular tool to display the Rectangular Pattern dialog box. On the Model panel browser, select the Extrusion6 feature (easier to select!).
3
Figure 01 Pattern Ex.ipt
Under Direction 1, click the Path button and select the edge indicated in Figure 02. If necessary, use the Flip button to change the path direction. Under Direction 2, click the Path button and select the edge indicated in Figure 02. If necessary, use the Flip button to change the path direction. Complete the dialog box as shown and click OK.
Direction 1
Direction 2 Figure 02 Rectangular Pattern Tool
Figure 03 Rectangular Pattern Section 06-32
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4
For this exercise, some of the rectangular holes just created, are not required. These unwanted occurrences can be suppressed. On the Model panel browser, expand the Rectangular Pattern1 feature to show all 28 occurrences created. While holding down the [Ctrl] key, select the occurrences as shown, then right-click one of the selected occurrences and from the pop-up context menu, select Suppress.
Figure 04 Suppress
5
On the Pattern panel, click the Circular tool to display the Circular Pattern dialog box and select the middle hole feature as shown in Figure 05.
6
In the Circular Pattern dialog box, click the Rotation Axis button and select the inside face of the large hole as shown in Figure 06.
Figure 05 Hole Feature Selection
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Figure 06 Rotation Axis Selection
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Inventor Training
In the dialog box under Placement, enter 8 in the Occurrences field and press OK.
Figure 07 Circular Pattern
8
The Extrusion5 feature was created on a sketch that can be used as the path for the next pattern. On the Model panel browser, expand the Extrusion5 feature to expose Sketch5. Right-click on Sketch5 and from the popup context menu, select Share Sketch. This makes the sketch available for additional features.
Section 06-34
9
On the Pattern panel, click the Circular tool to display the Circular Pattern dialog box. Select the remaining small hole feature.
10
Click the Rotation Axis button and select the inside face of the large hole, then complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 09 and press OK.
Figure 08 Share Sketch
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Figure 09 Circular Pattern
11
On the Model panel browser and right-click on Sketch5, then from the pop-up context menu, select Visibility to hide the sketch.
Figure 10 Completed Exercise
12
Do not save the part file.
End of Pattern exercise.
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6.6 Modify Placed Features (Fillets, Chamfers, etc.)
Placed Features Placed features are comprised of:
• • • • • • •
Fillets Chamfers Holes and Threads Shells Rectangular Patterns Circular Patterns Drafts
Placed features can be modified/edited through the Model panel browser using the same tool they were created with, by rightclicking on the feature to edit and from the pop-up context menu, selecting Edit Feature.
Figure 01 Edit Feature
Section 06-36
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Exercise - Feature Edits In this exercise, Placed Features will be edited on existing models. 1
Expand the folder called Section 6-6 and Open the file called Fillet-Edit Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Fillet-Edit Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
2
On the Model panel browser, rightclick on Fillet2 and from the pop-up context menu, select Edit Feature to display the Fillet : Fillet2 dialog box.
3
Figure 01 Fillet-Edit Ex.ipt
In the dialog box under Edges, click 6 selected to activate and change the Radius to 1.5 mm, then click OK. The feature has now been updated with the new radius.
Figure 02 Fillet2 > Edit Feature
Figure 03 Fillet : Fillet2 MAW Design Services
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Figure 04 Completed Feature Edit
4
Expand the folder called Section 6-6 and Open the file called Chamfer-Edit Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Chamfer-Edit Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
5
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Chamfer2 and from the pop-up Context menu, select Edit Feature to display the Chamfer : Chamfer2 dialog box.
6
Figure 05 Chamfer-Edit Ex.ipt
In the dialog box underDistance, change the value to 2 mm, then click OK. The feature has now been updated with the new distance.
7
Do not save the part file.
Figure 06 Chamfer : Chamfer2 Section 06-38
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Figure 07 Completed Edit Feature
8
Expand the folder called Section 6-6 and Open the file called Holes-Edit Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Holes-Edit Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
9
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Hole1 and from the pop-up Context menu, select Edit Feature to display the Hole : Hole1 dialog box.
10
Figure 08 Holes-Edit Ex.ipt
In the dialog box, change the hole type to a Thread feature and in the expanded area, complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 09, then click OK. The feature has now been updated with the new thread feature.
Figure 09 Holes : Hole1 MAW Design Services
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SELF ASSESSMENT 11
Repeat this modification for the other two holes in the top plane flanges as shown in Figure 10.
Figure 10 Completed Edit Feature
12
Do not save the part file.
13
Expand the folder called Section 6-6 and Open the file called Shell-Edit Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Shell-Edit Ex to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
14
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Shell1 and from the pop-up context menu, select Edit Feature to display the Shell : Shell1 dialog box.
15
In the dialog box, change the thickness of the main wall from 1 mm to 2 mm.
Figure 11 Shell-Edit Ex.ipt
Main Wall Thickness
Figure 12 Completed Edit Feature
16
Do not save the part file.
End of Feature Edits exercise. Section 06-40
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Use Methods to Create Assemblies
7
Outcome References: 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 07-2
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Use Methods to Create Assemblies
Assembly Environment Clicking on the New button on the Launch panel of the Get Started tab will display the New File dialog box. Double-clicking on the Standard.iam icon on the New File dialog box will display the Assembly Environment (or click the down-arrow on the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and select Assembly).
Figure 01 New > New File > Standard.iam
Figure 02 Assembly MAW Design Services
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Ribbon > Assemble Tab ViewCube Model Panel Browser
Assembly Coordinate Elements
Navigation Bar
Assembly Components
3D Indicator
Figure 03 Assembly Environment
Model Panel Browser Displays information about all the parts and their constraints. The browser functions, when activated, are identical to the Part Modelling Environment. Assembly Components Each omponent in the assembly is listed in a hierarchal manner. Expand the components to see the applied assembly constraints. 3D Indicator Displays the current view orientation.
Assembly Coordinate System Each assembly file contains an independent coordinate system. When the first part is placed into an assembly, the origin point and planes of the part file are matched with the origin point and planes of the assembly file. Grounded Component The first component placed in an assembly should be a fundamental part or sub-assembly, such as a frame or base plate, on which the rest of the assembly is built. Ribbon > Assemble Tab The Ribbon contains the tools specific to assembly modelling. As the assembly model is developed, the Ribbon automatically switches between Assembly, Part, and Sketch modes depending on the context in use.
Section 07-4
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Figure 04 Ribbon > Assemble Tab
Figure 05 Model Browser
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Assembly Modelling Methods There are three basic methods in use:
Top Down Assembly Modelling All assembly parts are designed in the context of the assembly. A blank assembly is created, then each component is designed while still in the assembly environment. As each component is created, the required assembly constraints are applied, and parts are modified based upon their relationship to other components in the assembly.
Bottom Up Assembly Modelling Individual components for an assembly are designed outside the assembly environment. Each part file is created separately from the assembly and other parts. After the parts have been created, they are placed into the assembly and constrained to the other parts.
Middle Out Assembly Modelling This method closely represents the real-world design process. This is a mix of the above two methods and if standard off-the shelf components, like nuts, bolts, etc. are used, the method has effectively switched to a Middle Out approach. Whichever method is used to create the assembly, the part data remains with the individual part files and are referenced into the assembly file. Any of the three methods may be used and can be switched between them at anytime. As the user becomes more proficient with the application and understands the benefits of each modelling approach, the user will be able to select the best approach for a given task.
Assembly Constraints Assembly constraints are used to create parametric relationships between parts in the assembly. There are four basic assembly constraints, each with their own unique solutions and options.
Figure 06 Place Constraint
Section 07-6
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Mate Constraint Used to align part features such as faces, edges or axis.
Figure 07 Mate/Flush - BEFORE
Figure 08 Mate/Flush - AFTER
Mate Constraint
Figure 10 Mate/Mate - AFTER
Figure 09 Mate/Mate - BEFORE
Angle Constraint Used to specify an angle between two parts. Applied to faces, edges or axes.
Note: A zero angle would actually place the faces flush.
Figure 11 Angle/Directed Angle - BEFORE
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Figure 12 Angle/Directed Angle - AFTER
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Tangent Constraint Used to define a tangential relationship between two parts. Applied to circular faces and planar faces - one of the selected faces must be circular.
Figure 13 Tangent/Outside - BEFORE
Figure 14 Tangent/Outside - AFTER
Insert Constraint Used to insert one component into another. Combines a mate axis/axis and a mate face/face constraint, as applied to bolts, pins, shafts, or any part that needs to be inserted into a hole on another part. Applied by selecting a circular edge on each part.
Figure 15 Insert/Opposed - BEFORE
Section 07-8
Figure 16 Insert/Opposed - AFTER
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7.1 Start a New Assembly and Insert Existing Component Parts Exercise - Sprocket Drawer In this exercise, component parts will be placed into a new assembly. Parts will also be created and others modified, then constrained and assembled to produce an assembly of a Sprocket Drawer. 1
Expand the folder called Section 7-1 and Open the file called Spider Blank.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Spider to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary). After saving, close down the part file.
2
Click the down-arrow on the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and select Assembly.
3
On the Quick Launch Toolbar, click the Save button and in the Save As dialog box, locate the folder Section 7-1 as the area to Save in:, then in the File name: text box, enter Sprocket Drawer Assembly and click the Save button (overwrite if necessary).
4
On the Component panel, click the Place tool and in the Place Component dialog box, select Screw.ipt and click the Open button. Press [Esc] to cancel the tool, thus placing only one instance of the Screw on the Graphics Window. Note: This is the first component placed in the assembly and is therefore, grounded (ie the base component). Figure 01 Place Component...
5
Repeat the Place Component... tool and place a single copy of the part files Back Nut.ipt and Spider.ipt on the Graphics Window.
6
The part file Spider is not complete, but needs editing according to the specifications shown in Figure 02.
Figure 02 Spider Blank Specifications
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On the Model panel browser, right-click Spider:1 and select Edit. Note: The Screw and Back Nut have now become transparent and are no longer available for selection whilst in Spider:1 edit mode.
8
On the ViewCube toolbar, select the top left-hand corner 'hot-spot' to rotate the spider, then click on the Create 2D Sketch tool and select the front face.
9
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same face.
Select this face
10
On the Format tab, click the Construction button to turn it on.
11
On the Draw panel, click the Line tool and create two Construction lines from the centre point of the Spider and dimension as shown in Figure 04.
12
Click the Construction button to toggle it off.
13
On the Draw panel, click the Center Point Circle tool and draw a circle with its centre on the angled construction line and set its value to 100 mm diameter.
14
On the Constrain panel, click the Tangent constraint tool and place a constraint between the large circle and the sketch face circle on the Spider.
Figure 03 Sketch Face
Tangent Constraint Construction Line
Construction Line
Figure 04 Sketch
15
Section 07-10
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Skletch tool, then press [F6] to create the isometric Home View. MAW Design Services
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16
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool and select the large circle profile, then complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 05 and click OK.
Figure 05 Extrude - Cut
17
On the Pattern panel, click the Circular tool and select the cutout Feature created above, then select the Rotation Axis and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 06 before pressing OK.
Figure 06 Circular Pattern
18
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and with the use of the ViewCube,select the front face again on which to sketch.
19
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same sketch face.
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20
On the Draw panel, click the Two Point Rectangle tool and draw a rectangle 6 mm wide on the sketch face as shown in Figure 07.
21
On the Constrain panel, click the Vertical constraint and place a constraint between the midpoint of the upper horizontal edge of the rectangle and the centre point of the threaded hole. Click the Project Geometry tool and project the lower curved edge of the Spider, then place Tangent constraints between the projected lower curved edge and the lower horizontal line of the rectangle, and the outer edge of the sketch face circle and the upper horizontal line of the rectangle.
22
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool, then press [F6] to create the isometric Home View.
Vertical Constraints
Tangent & Vertical Constraints
Figure 07 Rectangle - Constrained
23 On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool and select the rectangular profile, then complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 08 and click OK.
Figure 08 Extrude - Cut Section 07-12
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24
On the Pattern panel, click the Circular tool and select the cutout Feature created opposite, then select the thread as the Rotation Axis and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 09 before pressing OK.
Figure 09 Circular Pattern
25
26
On the Sketch panel, click the Create 2D Sketch tool and on the Model panel browser, expand the Origin folder on Spider:1, then select the XY Plane for the sketch plane. Right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up context menu, select Slice Graphics (or press [F7]).
27
On the Navigation Bar, click the View Face button and select the same XY Plane.
28
On the Draw panel, click the Project Geometry tool and select the right-hand vertical edge of the component.
29
On the Draw panel, click the Center Point Circle tool and draw a 5 mm diameter circle dimensionally constrained as shown in Figure 10.
30
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool, then press [F6] to create an isometric Home View.
Figure 10 Sketch Face MAW Design Services
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Inventor Training
On the Create panel, click the Extrude tool and select the circle profile, then complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 11 and click OK.
Figure 11 Extrude - Cut
32
On the Pattern panel, click the Circular tool and select the circular extruded Feature created above, then select the Rotation Axis and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 12 before pressing OK.
Figure 12 Circular Pattern Section 07-14
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33
Right-click in the Graphics Window and from the pop-up context menu, select Finish Edit to return to the Assembly (or click the Return tool on the Return panel).
Figure 13 Assembled Parts
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7.2 Create New Parts within an Assembly Environment Sprocket Drawer Exercise Continued... The Sprocket Drawer Assembly is comprised of a further four components: Sprocket Drawer Legs (3), Pivot Pins (3), Tommy Bar, and End Caps (2). These need to be created within the Assembly to the following specifications.
Sprocket Drawer Legs
Figure 14 Sprocket Drawer Legs
Pivot Pins
Figure 15 Pivot Pins
End Caps and Tommy Bar
Figure 16 End Caps anf Tommy Bar Section 07-16
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34
Ensure the assembly file Sprocket Drawer Assembly is open.
35
On the Component panel, click the Create tool and complete the Create In-Place Component dialog box as shown in Figure 17, then click OK.
Figure 17 Create In-Place Component
After closing the dialog box, click in the Graphics Window. This opens up Sketch mode with an isometric view ready for the Sprocket Drawer Leg to be created, and all the other components are now transparent and not available for selection. 36
On the Graphics Window, sketch and constrain a Sprocket Drawer Leg to the specifications shown in Figure 14, with the hole centre constrained to the projected Center Point (Origin).
37
When completed, right-click and from the pop-up shortcut menu, click on Home View, if not in an isometric view similar to thet shown below.
38
On the Exit panel, click the Finish Sketch tool to to leave sketch mode.
39
On the Create panel, click on Extrude and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 18, then click OK.
Figure 18 Extrude MAW Design Services
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On the Model panel browser, double-click on Sprocket Drawer Assembly to return to Assembly mode.
Self Assessment 41
Repeat steps 35 through 40 and create with the use of constraints and dimensions:
• 1 x Pivot Pin • 2 x End Caps • 1 x Tommy Bar
Figure 19 Sprocket Drawer Leg
according to the specifications in Figures 15 and 16.
Figure 20 Created Components
42
All components have now been created and ready for Assembly.
Figure 21 Sprocket Drawer Assembly Components
Section 07-18
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43
On the Quick Launch Toolbar, click the Save button to display the Save dialog box. Accept the defaults of Yes and click OK.
Figure 22 Save - Sprocket Drawer Assembly
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7.3 Use Simple Assembly Constraints and Mates to Assemble and Align Parts and Correct Over Constraining Sprocket Drawer Exercise Continued... The Sprocket Drawer Assembly components are now ready to be assembled. The Screw was the first component placed into the assembly and is automatically Grounded (i.e. cannot be moved), so the assembly will be based on the Screw. Before assembling the components on the Screw, the Tommy Bar and End Caps will be assembled, and then the Spider, Legs, and Pivot Pin.
Tommy Bar Sub-Assembly 44
Move (drag) the Sprocket Drawer Leg and Pivot Pin away from the Tommy Bar.
45
On the Position panel, click on the Constraint... tool to display the Place Constraint dialog box.
46
In the Type area, click the Insert button and select the right-hand large circular edge of the Tommy Bar and then select the top outer circular edge of an End Cap, then click the Apply button.
Figure 23 Place Constraint - Insert
The Tommy Bar has now inserted itself into the End Cap and is in a vertical position. 47
The Place Constraint dialog box is still open. Repeat for the other end of the Tommy Bar and the remaining End Cap. Click the Apply button and then click Cancel to close the dialog box (or click the OK button to apply the constraint and exit the dialog box).
Section 07-20
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Spider Sub-Assembly 48
On the Position panel, click on the Constraint tool to display the Place Constraint dialog box.
49
In the Type area, click on the Insert button and select the circular edge of the hole on the top inside face of the Spider and then the bottom circular edge of the hole on the Sprocket Drawer Leg, then click the Apply button.
Figure 24 Place Constraint - Insert
50
Now select the right-hand circular edge of the Pivot Pin and then select the circular edge of the hole on the top inside face of the Spider, then enter 5.50 mm in the Offset box and click the Apply button. Click the Cancel button to close the dialog box.
Figure 25 Place Constraint - Insert MAW Design Services
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51
Inventor Training
On the Component panel, click on the Pattern tool to display the Pattern Component dialog box and select the Leg and Pivot Pin, then click the Circular tab. Click on the Axis Direction button and the select threaded hole, then enter 3 in the Circular Count text box and 120 deg in the Circular Angle text box and click OK.
Figure 26 Pattern Component - Selected Components and Axis Direction
Figure 27 Pattern Component - Circular Count and Angle
Section 07-22
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7.4 Use View Controls to Move and Rotate Components and Use View Controls to Assist in Producing the Assembly Sprocket Drawer Exercise Continued... The Sprocket Drawer Assembly Assembling the Back Nut and Spider Sub-Assembly from their current orientations onto the Screw could cause them to be displayed upsidedown. They first need rotating before assembling and constraining. 52
On the Position panel, click the Rotate tool and then click on the Back Nut to display the Orbit tool, then rotate the Back Nut by left button mouse dragging to a position similar to that shown in Figure 28.
Figure 28 Rotate Component
53
On the Position panel, click on the Constraint tool to display the Place Constraint dialog box.
54
In the Type area, click on the Mate button and select the centreline on the Screw and then select the mating centreline on the Back Nut, then click the Apply button followed by Cancel.
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Figure 29 Place Constraint - Mate
55
On the Position panel, click the Move tool and move the Sprocket Drawer Legs and Pivot Pins clear of the Spider. The Spider can now be rotated to a different orientation without the Legs and Pivot Pins being in the way.
56
On the Position panel, click the Rotate tool and then click on the Spider to display the Orbit tool, then rotate the Spider by mouse dragging to a position similar to that shown in Figure 30.
Figure 30 Rotate Component Section 07-24
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57
On the Position panel, click the Constraint tool to display the Place Constraint dialog box.
58
In the Type area, click on the Mate button and select the centreline on the Screw and then select the mating centreline on the Spider, then click the Apply button followed by Cancel.
Figure 31 Place Constraint - Mate
Note: As the second Mate constraint is placed on the Spider, the Spider locates on the Screw and is automatically updated with the Legs and Pivot Pins back in place. 59
On the Position panel, click the Move tool and move the End Caps clear of the Tommy Bar. The Tommy Bar can now be rotated to a different orientation without the End Caps being in the way.
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60
On the Position panel, click the Rotate tool and then click on the Tommy Bar to display the Orbit tool, then rotate the Tommy Bar by mouse dragging to a position similar to that shown in Figure 32.
61
On the Position panel, click the Constraint tool to display the Place Constraint dialog box.
62
In the Type area, click on the Mate button and select the centreline on the Tommy Bar and then select the mating hole centreline on the Screw, then click the Apply button followed by Cancel.
Figure 32 Rotate Component
Figure 33 Place Component - Mate
Note: If the Tommy Bar fails to locate on the Screw after placing the second Mate constraint, simply drag the Tommy Bar into position. Note the End Caps automatically jump back into place.
Figure 34 Completed Assembly Section 07-26
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63
Although the Screw is "Grounded", various other parts of the assembly can still be moved by mouse dragging the components to test their operation.
•
Try dragging the Tommy Bar Sub-Assembly back and forth through the hole in the Screw head.
•
Try dragging the Back Nut up and down the Screw.
•
Try dragging and rotating the Spider Sub-Assembly on the Screw.
•
Try moving the Sprocket Drawer Legs in unison by dragging the first Leg inserted.
Figure 35 Sprocket Drawer Assembly
64
Save the assembly under its default filename of Sprocket Drawer Assembly.
End of Sprocket Drawer Exercise. MAW Design Services
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Section 07-28
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Use the Drawing Layout Environment to Produce Hard Copies
8
Outcome References: 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4 City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
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Section 08-2
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Use the Drawing Layout Environment to Produce Hard Copies Drawing Environment Autodesk Inventor supports the ANSI, BSI, DIN, GB, ISO and JIS drafting standards, and are used to control the appearance of the drawing features such as Balloon Referencing, Weld Symbols, and Part Lists (BOM's). The default standard is created during software installation, but can be changed for each drawing. Clicking the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar will display the New File dialog box (Default tab). Double-clicking on the Standard.idw icon on the New File dialog box will display the Drawing Environment (or click the down-arrow on the New button on the Quick Launch Toolbar and select Drawing).
Figure 01 Open - Standard.idw
Figure 02 Drawing MAW Design Services
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Ribbon - Drawing Environment
Navigation Bar
Model Panel Browser
Default Title Block
Figure 03 Drawing Environment - Place Views Tab
Figure 04 Ribbon - Drawing Environment
Section 08-4
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Model Panel Browser Displays information about the Drawing, its Resources and Sheets.
Figure 05 Model Panel Browser
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Styles and Standards Clicking the Styles Editor button on the Styles and Standards panel on the Manage tab will display the Style and Standard Editor dialog box. Selecting the Default Standard (if installed correctly, this should be ISO) will display the default settings.
Figure 06 Styles and Standards Editor - General Tab
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Figure 07 View Preferences Tab
All Styles To view all the Styles available, the filter setting at the top right-hand corner of the dialog box would need setting to All Styles.
Figure 08 Available Styles Tab - All Styles Filter MAW Design Services
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Figure 09 Object Defaults Tab - All Styles Filter
Figure 10 Material Hatch Pattern Defaults - All Styles Filter
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Text Styles Text Styles are used to control the appearance of text in the drawing. The default style is located in the style library and any changes are stored in the drawing. If new or modified text styles are created for use in other drawings, the text style must be saved to the current styles library. Formatting
Figure 11 Text Styles Area (Label Text)
Spacing Select the line spacing required from the drop-down list. Value Enter a line spacing value - only available for Exactly or Multiply options. %Stretch Enter a percentage width of the text. Color Click to select the colour from the Color dialog box. Justifications Select the option required (Left, Center, Right, Top, Middle, Bottom). Rotation Select to set the default text rotation (0°, 270°, 180°, 90°). Font Select the text font from the drop-down list. Text Height Select the height for the font from the drop-down list, or enter a new value. MAW Design Services
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Click the required option (Bold, Italic, Underline). Comments Enter any comments related to the text style.
Drawing Sheet Colour The Drawing Sheet (background) colour may be changed by clicking on the Document Settings button on the Options panel on the Tools tab to display the Drawing1 Document Settings dialog box. The colours may be changed on the Sheet tab (change the Sheet colour to White).
Figure 12 Drawing1 Document Settings > Sheet Tab
Figure 13 Color (White)
Section 08-10
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
8.1 Start a New Drawing Layout using an Existing Template Exercise - Drawing Layout In this exercise, a component part will be produced in first angle projection to scale, annotation added and the Title Block completed in readiness for printing, all based on the default ISO template. 1
Ensure Autodesk Inventor is loaded and ready for use.
2
Expand the folder called Section 8-1 and Open the file called Exhaust Flange Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Exhaust Flange.ipt to preserve the original file for other users (overwrite if necessary).
3
Click the down-arrow on the New button from the Standard toolbar and select Drawing to enter the Drawing Environment.
Figure 01 Exhaust Flange.ipt
Figure 02 Drawing
4
By default, the Sheet (paper) size is ISO A3 landscape. This needs changing to A4 landscape. On the Model panel browser, right-click on Sheet:1 and from the pop-up menu, click on Edit Sheet... to display the Edit Sheet dialog box.
5
Change the A3 size to A4 from the drop-down list, ensure Landscape is selected and click the OK button.
Figure 03 Edit Sheet (A4 Size) MAW Design Services
Section 08-11
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Inventor Training
8.2 Control the Scale and Display Characteristics of Views Within a Drawing Drawing Layout Exercise Continued... 6
On the Create panel bar, click the Base tool to dynamically show the component being dragged onto the drawing, and to also display the Drawing View dialog box.
7
In the dialog box, change the Scale to half-size (1:2) by selecting from the drop-down list and ensure Hidden Line is selected under Style, then place the Front View of the Exhaust Flange in a similar position to that shown in Figure 04. Note: The dialog box automatically closes as the the component is placed in the drawing.
Figure 04 Base View
8
On the Create panel, click the Projected tool and click on the existing Front View, then drag the mouse vertically downwards and click to create a Plan (Top) View below the Front View. Still in the same command, drag the mouse horizontally out to the right from the existing Front View and click to create an End View. Still in the same command, drag the mouse diagonally down to the right of the existing Front View and click to create an Isometric View. Right-click on the drawing and from the pop-up menu, click Create to produce the three views in First Angle Projection and an Isometric View.
Section 08-12
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Figure 05 First Angle Projection and Isometric View at 1:2 Scale
9
Double-click on the Isometric View rectangular dotted frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box. Change the Scale from half-size (1:2) to full-size (1:1) and under Style, select the Shaded button, then click the OK button.
Figure 06 Drawing View
10
Select the Isometric View by picking the rectangular dotted frame and dragging it to re-position similar to that shown in Figure 07.
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Section 08-13
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Inventor Training
Figure 07 First Angle Projection and Isometric View
11
Save the drawing file as Exhaust Flange.idw. Note: Saving the drawing file has automatically placed the file name in the Title Box (under the Part Number: label if modification required - see Figure 23).
Figure 08 Title Block
Section 08-14
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
8.3 Add Annotations to Views and Title Blocks Drawing Layout Exercise Continued... Annotating the Views 12
Double-click on the Front View frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box. Under the View / Scale Label, click the Toggle Label Visible button to On. In the View Identifier text box, change VIEW1 to FRONT VIEW, then click the OK button.
Figure 09 View / Scale Label and Front View Identifier
13
Double-click on the Plan View frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box. Under the View / Scale Label, click the Toggle Label Visible button to On as shown in Figure 09. In the View Identifier text box, change VIEW3 to PLAN VIEW, then click the OK button. Figure 10 Plan View
14
Double-click on the End View frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box. Under the View / Scale Label, click the Toggle Label Visible button to On as shown in Figure 09. In the View Identifier text box, change VIEW2 to END VIEW, then click the OK button. Figure 11 End View
15
Double-click on the Isometric View frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box. In the View Identifier text box, change VIEW4 to ISOMETRIC VIEW and click the Toggle Label Visible button to On, then click the OK button.
Figure 12 Isometric View
Drag and place the text to a position similar to that shown in Figure 13.
Figure 13 Isometric View and Scale Placement
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Section 08-15
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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16
Double-click on the Isometric View frame to call up the Drawing View dialog box.
17
To the right of the View Identifier text box, click the Edit view label button to display the Format Text dialog box.
Figure 14 Format Text
Note: In the above text box, ( ) represents the default text of ISOMETRIC ( 1 : 1 ) and needs to be modified. 18
Place the cursor immediately in front of the left parenthesis (rounded bracket) and press [Enter] to place ( ) on a new line below . Replace by overtyping the text ( ) with SCALE = 1 : 1, then highlight (select) it and enter 3 for the new Text Size and click OK.
Figure 15 Text Edit and Size
Section 08-16
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Figure 16 Format Text
19
Now click OK to close the Drawing View dialog box and make any adjustments necessary to re-position the text label to look more favourable on the drawing if need be.
Figure 17 Exhaust Flange Drawing - Labels
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Section 08-17
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
20
Inventor Training
Select the Annotate tab and click the Text tool on the Text panel, then click on the drawing in the middle of the area to the left of the Tiltle Block (see Figure 20) . This will display the Format Text dialog box. Enter MATERIAL = MILD STEEL in the large text box, and select the Center and Middle Justification buttons. Accept the default text size and press OK. Press [Esc] to cancel the command.
Figure 18 Format Text (Material = Mild Steel)
21
If necessary, re-position the note to look similar to that shown in Figure 19. Note: To edit the note, simply double-click the text to display the Format Text dialog box again.
Section 08-18
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Figure 19 Exhaust Flange Drawing - Text Note
Annotating the Title Block 22
On the Model panel browser, right-click on Exhaust Flange.idw and from the pop-up menu, select iProperties to display the Exhaust Flange.idw Properties dialog box. Figure 20 Exhaust Flange.idw
Figure 21 Exhaust Flange.idw Properties - General Tab MAW Design Services
Section 08-19
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
23
Inventor Training
Click on the Summary tab and complete the dialog box as shown in Figure 23. Note: Use your own surname in the Author: label box.
24
Click on the Project tab and ensure today's date is used in the Creation Date: label.
Figure 22 Exhaust Flange.idw Properties - Summary and Project Tabs
Section 08-20
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
25
Click on the Status tab and use your own initials in the Checked By: label box, then click the Apply button and then Close.
Figure 23 Exhaust Flange.idw Properties - Status Tab
26
The Title Box should look similar to that shown in Figure 24.
Figure 24 Completed Title Block
27
Save the drawing file under its default filename of Exhaust Flange.idw.
28
The drawing is now completed and ready for printing.
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Section 08-21
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Inventor Training
8.4 Produce Hard Copy Output to a Print/Plot Device Drawing Layout Exercise Continued...
Printing Hard Copy 29
On the Application Menu, click Print to display the Print Drawing dialog box. Change the Printer Name to suit your printer, as the one shown will probably not be the same as yours, and click the Preview... button.
Figure 25 Print Drawing
30
If all is well, click the Print... button at the top-left of the Graphics Window. If modifications are required, click the Close button.
31
The completed drawing is shown in Figure 26.
End of Drawing Layout Exercise.
Section 08-22
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Figure 26 Exhaust Flange Component - Completed Drawing
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Section 08-23
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Section 08-24
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Further Parametric Modelling Exercises
9
City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
Section 09-1
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Section 09-2
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Further Parametric Modelling Exercises SELF ASSESSMENT
1
2
3
4
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Section 09-3
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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Exercise 1 - Hinge Bracket SELF ASSESSMENT Create the part file Hinge Bracket as shown in Figure 02 from the information given in the first angle projection drawing shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01
Figure 02 Hinge Bracket Section 09-4
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Exercise 2 - Vee Block SELF ASSESSMENT Create the part file Vee Block as shown in Figure 02 from the information given in the first angle projection drawing shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01
Figure 02 Vee Block MAW Design Services
Section 09-5
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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Exercise 3 - Adjustable Walking Stick SELF ASSESSMENT Place the following part files (Figure 01) into an assembly and save it as Walking Stick, then assemble the components as shown in Figure 02 with the WS Foot Cap being the 'grounded' component. Expand folder Section 9-3: WS Foot Cap (to be Grounded) WS Handle WS Lower Shaft
WS Main Shaft WS Main Shaft Cap WS Spring Buttons
Figure 01 Component Parts
Figure 02 Walking Stick.iam Section 09-6
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Exercise 4 - Shaft Support Bracket SELF ASSESSMENT Expand the folder called Section 9-4 and open the part file Shaft Support Exercise.ipt, then immediately Save As... under the filename of Shaft Support.ipt,and create an ISO A3 size drawing based on a default template. The part layout to be in first angle projection and shown full size. Annotate the drawing and complete the Title Block as shown in Figure 01.
Figure 01 Completed Drawing MAW Design Services
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Section 09-8
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Sample Practical Assignments
10
City & Guilds 4353-21 CAD Parametric Modelling - Level 1 MAW Design Services
Section 10-1
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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Section 10-2
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
City & Guilds 4353-21 Computer Aided Design Parametric Modelling Level 1 Award
Assessment The 4353-21 scheme is assessed on the satisfactory completion of the standard assignments for this module: One multi-choice question test on-line: Test 4353-21-001 Note: A Multi-Choice Testing CD is available from MAW DESIGN SERVICES to test the underpinning knowledge of candidates and is based on the test specification for the 4353-21-001 online test. Two practical assignments as follows: PA 4353-21-002
PA 4353-21-003
Sample Practical Assignments To assist you with the final assessments, the following two Practical Assignments have been provided, and are based on the required assessment components for: PA 4353-21-002 and PA 4353-21-003 On completion of these two Sample Practical Assignments, you have finished all the coursework for this module, and are ready to attempt the City & Guilds Practical Assignments and Multichoice Question Online Test - please consult your Tutor for details.
No Files Required
Note: An exploded animation of the completed assignments showing how the parts are assembled together, can be viewed on the 4353-21 Multi-Choice Testing CD.
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Section 10-4
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Sample Practical Assignment 1 SELF ASSESSMENT Target time for this assignment is 2 hours
Candidate's Instructions 1
Execute the parametric modelling software and start a new Part file based on a standard metric template.
2
Set the background to a suitable gradient colour.
3
Using appropriate commands parametrically model a Pulley Bracket to the specifications detailed in Figure 01 and shown isometrically in Figure 02. Note: Dimensions not required on the final drawing.
Figure 01 Pulley Bracket (First Angle Projection)
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Section 10-5
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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Figure 02 Pulley Bracket (Isometric View)
4
Save the part file as YOUR INITIALS-PULLEY BRACKET in the designated work area.
5
Start a new drawing file using a standard metric template similar to that shown in Figure 04 and ensure its setup for an ISO A4 landscape sheet size.
6
Create in First Angle projection with hidden lines visible, the three views shown in Figure 04 at half size scale and an isometric shaded view full size.
7
Label the three views and the isometric view using the default text font as shown in Figure 04.
8
Edit the title block using the default text font similar to that shown in Figure 03, to include YOUR SURNAME, TODAY’S DATE and DRAWING TITLE as a minimum.
Figure 03 Title Block
Section 10-6
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
9
Save the drawing file as YOUR INITIALS-PULLEY BRACKET in the designated work area.
10
Print/plot a hardcopy onto A4 paper in landscape mode, full size.
11
This completes the assignment.
12
The completed assignment is shown in Figure 04.
Figure 04 Completed Assignment Drawing MAW Design Services
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Section 10-8
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Sample Practical Assignment 2 SELF ASSESSMENT Target time for this assignment is 3½ hours
Candidate's Instructions 1
Execute the parametric modelling software and start a new Part file based on a standard metric template.
2
Set the background to a suitable gradient colour.
3
Using appropriate commands, parametrically model the Pulley to the specifications detailed in Figure 01. Note: Dimensions not required on the final drawing.
Figure 01 Pulley
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4
Save the Part file as YOUR INITIALS-PULLEY in the designated work area.
5
Start a new Part file based on a standard metric template.
6
Using appropriate commands, parametrically model the Brass Bush to the specifications detailed in Figure 02. Note: Dimensions not required on the final drawing.
Figure 02 Brass Bush
7
Save the Part file as YOUR INITIALS-BRASS BUSH in the designated work area.
8
Start a new Part file based on a standard metric template.
9
Using appropriate commands, parametrically model the Round Head Pin to the specifications detailed in Figure 03. Note: Dimensions not required on the final drawing.
Figure 03 Round Head Pin
Section 10-10
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
10
Save the Part file as YOUR INITIALS-ROUND HEAD PIN in the designated work area.
11
Start a new Part file based on a standard metric template.
12
Using appropriate commands, parametrically model the Pin to the specifications detailed in Figure 04. Note: Dimensions not required on the final drawing.
Figure 04 Pin
13
Save the Part file as YOUR INITIALS-PIN in the designated work area.
14
Start a new Assembly file based on a standard metric template and insert the Part files shown in Figure 05, including the PULLEY BRACKET (grounded) produced in Sample Practical Assignment 1.
Figure 05 Inserted Part Files
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Section 10-11
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Inventor Training
15
Assemble the parts as shown in Figure 06 with the PULLEY aligned centrally between the two bosses on the PULLEY BRACKET.
16
Save the Assembly file as YOUR INITIALS-PULLEY BRACKET ASSEMBLY in the designated work area.
Figure 06 Pulley Bracket Assembly
17
Start a new Drawing file using a standard metric template similar to that shown in Figure 08 and ensure its setup for an ISO A4 landscape sheet size.
18
Create in First Angle projection with hidden lines visible, the three views shown in Figure 08 at half size scale and an isometric shaded view, at full size scale.
19
Label the three views using the default text font as shown in Figure 08.
20
Add text to the isometric view using the default text font with a height of 5.
21
Edit the title block using the default text font similar to that shown in Figure 07, to include YOUR SURNAME, TODAY’S DATE and DRAWING TITLE as a minimum.
Figure 07 Title Block Section 10-12
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
22
Save the drawing file as YOUR INITIALS-PULLEY BRACKET ASSEMBLY in the designated work area.
23
Print/plot a hardcopy onto A4 paper in landscape mode, full size.
24
This completes the assignment.
25
The completed assignment is shown in Figure 08.
Figure 08 Completed Assignment Drawing MAW Design Services
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Section 10-14
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Appendix A
Understanding First and Third Angle Projection Systems of Projection Multi-view orthographic projection is predominently used in engineering drawings. There are two systems, known as FIRST ANGLE and THIRD ANGLE, both based on a framework of planes at right angles. Both are approved internationally and have equal status. The system of projection used on a drawing should be indicated by the appropriate symbol (see Figure 01). d Projection
1¼ d
Symbol
Ød
30°
First Angle
Recommended Proportions
Third Angle
Figure 01 Symbols indicating Method of Projection
Comparison of First and Third Angle Projection
VIEW A
VIEW A
A FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION
THIRD ANGLE PROJECTION
Figure 02 Comparison of Projections
In FIRST ANGLE projection each view shows what would be seen by looking on the far side of an adjacent view
In THIRD ANGLE projection each view shows what would be seen by looking on the near side of an adjacent view. MAW Design Services
Appendix 01-1
4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
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Principles of 1st Angle Orthographic Projection
Figure 03 First Angle Orthographic Projection
Principles of 3rd Angle Orthographic Projection
Figure 04 Third Angle Orthographic Projection
Appendix 01-2
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4353-21 Parametric Modelling - Level 1
Appendix B
Autodesk Inventor / Windows Keyboard Shortcuts Autodesk Inventor has many predefined shortcut keys - some of the commonly used shortcuts are listed below. Control Keys
Description
Category
CTRL+A
Selects All items.
Global
CTRL+C
Copies selected items to the Clipboard.
Global
CTRL+F
Find.
Global
CTRL+N
Create a new document.
Global
CTRL+O
Open a new document.
Global
CTRL+P
Print the active document.
Global
CTRL+S
Save the active document.
Global
CTRL+V
Pastes data from Clipboard to the active document.
Global
CTRL+X
Cuts selected items to the Clipboard.
Global
CTRL+Y
Redo - performs the operation cancelled by Undo.
Global
CTRL+Z
Undo - undoes the last operation.
Global
F1
Displays Autodesk Inventor Help.
Global
F2
Pans the Graphics Window.
Global
F3
Zooms in or out in the Graphics Window.
Global
F4
Rotates objects in the Graphics Window.
Global
F5
Returns to the previous view.
Global
F6
Isometric View.
Global
F7
Slice Graphics.
Sketch
F8
Display all Constraints.
Sketch
F9
Hide all Constraints.
Sketch
B C C D E F H L M N P Q R S T X Esc Delete
Adds a balloon reference to a drawing. Creates a Center Point Circle. Activates the Constraint command. Activates the General Dimension command. Extrudes a profile. Adds a Fillet feature. Adds a hole feature. Creates a line or arc. Activates the Move Component command. Creates a component in the current assembly. Places a component in the current assembly. Creates an iMate. Creates a revolved feature. Creates a 2D sketch on a face or plane. Adds text in Sketch mode. Call up the Trim tool in Sketch mode. Cancel - quits a command. Deletes selected objects.
Drawing Sketch Assembly Sketch / Drawing Part Part / Assembly Part / Assembly Sketch Assembly Assembly Assembly Assembly Part / Assembly Sketch / Part / Assembly Sketch / Drawing Sketch Global Global
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Other Keys
Appendix 01-3
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Appendix 01-4
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