on thi anh van

TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE TP.HCM BAN NGO~I NGU: BO MON TIENG ANH ****

TAI LIEU . HTfONG DAN ON THI TIENG ANH .

TRINH DO. C (DANH CHO HQC VlEN CAO HQc)

-

TP.HO CHi MINH THA.NG 6/2007

'..

MT)C LT)C

u':HGIO[THI~U

03

Ph~n [: M6 ta cdu truc

ai thi va thang di€m

05

Ph~n 2: Bili t;;p mdu...

.

an

11

[.

Vocabulary

Grammar

13

2.

Reading Com

ehension

37

3.

Reading C loze

4.

Control[ed

5.

Sentence Tran formation

6.

Writing

7.

Listening

'"

Wr ing

topics

Sample

Com rehension

43 52 74

essays

..

83 98

8. Tapescripts

[21

9.

Speaking

132

Ph~n 3: Sample tests ...

[36

un

GIOI THIIJ;U

np tai li~u nay rtuc;rcbie so~n nh~m m\lC dich giup hi'c vien dang theo hi'c cac khoa cao hQC t~i tnrimg D~i hi'c Kinh t~

.HCM co nhiIng thong tin dn thi~t lien quan d~n ky thi h~t mon ti~ng

Anh cua b~c hi'c nily t~i t img, d6ng thai cung dp cac bai tiip cung cA ki~n thirc vii ren luy~n ky niing ti~ng Anh duai nhi'

d~ng thirc khac nhau d~ giup hQc vien on luy~n vii co dinh huang cho

ky thi. Theo qui dinh cua B(>Gi

d\lc Va Dao t~o, ky thi k~t thuc mon hi'c dAivai b~c cao hQCduQ'ct6

chirc nh~m ki~m tra dan gia ky nang va ki~n thirc ti~ng Anh cua hQc vien a trinh dQ tucrng ducrng C (trung cao dp).

QCvien se duQ'cki~m tra ca 4 ky nang NGHE, NOI, DQC, VIET vm

cac hinh thirc thi khac nh u. Do chucrng trinh ti~ng Anh t~i D~i hQc Kinh t~ TP.HCM duc;rcxiiy d\f!1gvai tri'ng t~m la ti~ g Anh thuang m~i (Business English) nen cac bai thi se duQ'cthi~t k~ vai m\lCdich ki~m tra ki'

thirc tiI V\f!1g,ngii' phap vii cac ky nang giao ti~p ti~ng Anh trong moi

truimg kinh thuang. T~p tai li~u nily g6m cac

. .

Cac bili t~p m~u

.

D~thi m~u

h&n chinh nhu sau:

Mo ta cAu truc bil thi cua cac ph&n thi (NGHE, NOI, DQC, VIET) vii thang di~m bili thi.

.

on t~p ki~n thirc vii ren luy~n cac ky nang

Ngoili ra chung toi ding ung dp Audio CD cua ph&nNghe hi~u d~ giup cac b~n t\l'trau dbi vii ren luy~n ky nang nily. Hy vQng t~p tili li~u nily s giup cac b~n hQc vien cao hi'c co di~u ki~n chuAn bi tAt vii thi d~t ky thi h~t mon ti~ng Anh. Chuc cac b~n tMnh congo B(>mon ti~ng Anh Ban Ngo~i ngii'

3

1

PH AN I

MO TA eAu TRue BAI THI vA THANG DIEM

-

5

.

,. r

Ii t7

MO TA CAU TRue HAl THI vA THANG DIEM Kythi

h~1mon ti~ng A h II b~c cao hgc t~i trulIng D~i hgc Kinh t~ TP.HCM g6m cac bai thi

nhu sau:

.

Bai thi I (Paper I): Dgc hi~u (Reading Comprehension)

.

Bai thi 2 (Paper 2): Vi~t (Writing)

. .

Bai thi 3 (Paper 3): Nghe hi~u (Listening Comprehension) Bai thi 4 (Pape

4): No; (Speaking)

DmH day 10.phin gi6i t i~u tom t~t du truc bai thi ti~ng Anh trinh d{>trung cao cftp (C). Phin mo ta bao g6m (i) N{>i ung bai thi, (ii) lo~i binb bai t~p va mvc dicb danb gia, (iii) s6 cau/s6 mvc trang tirng bai t~p, a thang di~m t6i da cbo tirng bai t~p. I. Bid thi dgc hi~u va v ~t Bai thi Dgc hi~u (PAPI

~ I) va Vi~t (PAPER 2) dugc thi~t k~ thanh m{>tbai thi chung. ThlIi

gian lam bai 10.120 phut NC)idung

Paper 1 Reading

L ,i hinh bili t,p vii m...cdlch danh gia

s6 ciuls6

thang

mye

c1iem

15

15

10

10

P per 1 bao g6m ba lo~i hinh bai t~p dugc ggi 10.section I, se tion 2 va section 3.

Comprehension Section I:

S ~tion 1 g6m 15 cau tr~c nghi~m. Phin nay giup danh gia

Vocabulary

k a nang hi~u va sir dVng dugc tir V\ll1gva ngiI phap thich h." thOng qua ngiI canh cho sAn.

Section 2: Reading

S ~tion 2 g6m 2 bai dgc. M6i bai dgc co 5 cau tdc nghi~m.

Comprehension

C u d€ van ban lien quan d~n cac chuyen nganh thu{>c linh Vl.k: kinh t~ - thuho~c y dinh cua ngum nol va nMn bi~t nghia. J \fa vao n{>idung cua.do~n viln vita nghe thi sinh vi~t cau t p liri NGAN GQN ra gl~y thi. I , hi sinh co 2 phut d~ dQc 5 ho~1O cau hoi va cac cau tra

Part 2

I I in san duoi d~ng tr~c nghi~m. Sau do nghe dQc m{>t d ~n van hay m{>tmilu h{li tho~I 3 Ik lien ti~p. Thi sinh c Qn cau tni liri dung bing each khoanh trim I trong eac n ilu I\l' A, B, C ho~eD. ~

Part 3

i sinh co 2 phut d~ dQe tmoc m{lt do~n viin hay milu h(Ji

t o~i in s~n trong de thi. Van ban nay g6m 10 khoang tr3ng - a nhUng tit thi~u trong cau lien quan. Thi sinh nghe dQc d ?n van ban d6 3 I~n lien ti~p. Thi sinh phal vi~t cac tit t ieu vao cae khoang tr6ng thieh hgp. 1 ng diim

30

Di~m t6ng c{lng cua bai hi la 30. N~u di~m bai thi cua thi sinh duoi 10 (30%) xem nhu khOng d~t 3. Thi v§n dap: Man thi nay dugc gQi la PAPER 4 (Speaking). Bai thi nay g6m 2 ph~n;

.

Ph~n I; Ph6ng v~n (lnte view); Thi sinh so dugc hOi nhUng cau co lien quan d~n thong tin ca

.

nhan, ngh~ nghi p, noi lam vi~c... Ph~n 2; Trinh bay (Mini presentation); Thi sinh chQn ngilu nhien I chu de va can cli theo ph~n ggi y cho s~n d tdnh bay chu de d6 lrang vbng 2 d~n 3 phUt vi sau do so tri liri cac cau hOi cua glaD khao lien quan d~n chu d€ d1lIrinh biy.

Di~m t3ng c{lng cua bai hi la Io. N~u di~m cua thi sinh duoi 03 (30%) xem nhu khong d~t

9

4.Thang

diEm tAng cqng.

IT

Bai thi

I

mEm tA;da

DiEmd"t

OQe- Vi~t

60

2:20

Nghe

30

2:10

Noi

10

2:03

T6ng e(lng

100

2:50

N~u thi sinh cO m(lt mon dum DIEM O~ T se khong d"t tOM bQ IcYthi.

5. Cach lam hilithi tric nghi~m . 06i vm cae du h6i trAenghi~m, thi sinh ehQndiu tni loi dung bAngeach kJ banh trim man tlf chQn. 1. Thi dl) ehQn A

G

2. Xoa A ehQn B 3. ChQn l"i A ( danh diu X !ren mh tlf ehQnI"i)

10

x~

B

C

D

~G: C

D

~C

D

PHAN II

BAI TAp . MAu

11

VOC

BULARY & GRAMMAR

.

13

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR The following q estions are incomplete

sentences.

Four words

or phrases,

marked A, B, C, D are given beneath each sentence. You are to choose ONE word or phrase t

t best complete the sentence.

TEST 1 II My job frequently involves having to work A below

B under

intense pressure.

C beneath

D underneath

2/ This type of decisi n has to be made at board A layer

Brank

C grade

3/ My colleague has one off on a quick business

D level to Paris but will be back on

Monday. A trip

B journey

4/ The CD-ROM on

has a

C flight

D travel

version of the software; the full program costs

$130. -\;;;' ("/fi;:' A show

yO B example

C test

D demo

5/ At the factory, all t e workers have to fill in time

to show what they have

fzt7ZJ'

done. A lists

B papers: )oc[tO';:At'C checks

D sheets

6/ Why is it that most big government building projects finish over budget and behind

? A schedule

ctA~ B agenda

7/l'd like to

C plan

Dtime

a point connected with staff turnover. You said it was high

but it's no higher than ormal, is it? A ask

B say

8/ They do not A accept

C raise cheques in that restaurant.

B agree

9/ I would be very int rested in A entering

B working

10/ This supermarket is trying to clothes.

14

II

D rise

Callow

Dadmit

for that job. C applying

Dwriting

young shoppers by offering fashionable

sectors of the industry.

11/ Job losses are mainly in the

usually gives other people information a

12/ Your body feel.

/ -, (,,1' 1'« ( B impression

A appearance

C language

~

Dconfi

C confer

A conforn1 B confine .{:"IJI., ~?r 14/ My colleague has always had luck

his investments. Don beh If of

Cwith

B among

A throughout

ut how you really

the arrangements she made with

13/ Mrs Perez is writing to

15/

D high-co lar

C stiff-collar

B red-collar

A blue-collar

D trap

C encourage

B persuade

A target

the managers

enhanced

the training

program

£

new employees,

absenteeism has been declining. D During

C Since

B When

A Before

*****

TEST 2 1/ The Managing Director is now urgently ~\~

jlLf~

ttLr'i-;~

~(v

A seeking

?1~

B pursuing

to appoint a

C searching

2/ The company has decided to

a share option scheme, sing

next year.

D embar

C confer

B innovate

A introduce

(q'(1

3/ At the new job vacancy centres, unemployed people get training in how to write a and letter __oUofapplicatiol1'

good

~

..

A summary

B review

C resume

U

D contr t

to the problem.

4/ That's a very good

C solve

B solution

A help

_ "j,,~", ,{, .

D cause

5/ Are you able to say at this point how much damage has actually been .? th e companys ~putatlon.~) I

A made

6/ Do you want to

,/

J

II

\\ (f '1"(1.-1"', ~../-0'

B done

.

to

./

C given

D taken

as a candidate in the local elections?

15

no .tv

t'Ub A stand

B sit

ego

71The company ha its own code of A behaviour

B practice

81 I'll put you

o try in these matters.

C dealing

to the Sales Department.

A over

C through

Boff

Din

91 Printix

o attitude .., z.. '-..:;;1'" '

are offeri

~us a 15%

on all orders over $1000.

A interest

C discount

B replacemen

D consultation

101As a

f the review, they decided to close the factory down.

A conclusion

C purpose

B finding

D result

III Siemens is a hig Iy

leader in the electrics and electronics market.

A innovative

C extensive

B reliable

D traditional

12/1 would be grat' ul if you could let me have a detailed

, including

prices and

delivery terms. A quotation

Coffer

B term

Dorder

131 The financial

s atement would

have renected our difficulties

if we

our

accounting year. A have not ch

ged

C have not bee changing 14/1 don't understan, A which

B had not changed o had not been changing of these is to be included in the shipment.

B that

C some

Dwhat

151The hotel manag r would have offered us a 25% discount if we ten or more.

A are

16

B were

C been

D had been

a party of

TEST 3 II Lack of orders has meant that a number of employees have been laid A down

Bon

Cup

Doff

2/ They were badly managed for years, so I'm not surprised to hear the ve gone business. A down from

B up on

3/ You

C out of

D alon in

earlier that we can expect a return to profit in the next two

years. Isn't it possible to be a little more precise? A told

B spoke

Csaid

D raise

4/ The government has changed its policy and had a complete change 0 A view

B opinion

5/ Thousands of A individuals

Cmind

D heart

are already signing up for this new tel B subscribers

6/ I've given the latest sales

C applicants

hone service.

D inte iewees

to Mr Allen but he hasn't h d a chance to look at

them yet. A systems

C worksheets

B figures

D facts

7/ One of the

advantages of writing over talking to someone f: ce-to-face is that you

can take your time. A remaining

C relative

B related

D relevant

8/ Oh, dear. I think I've

the wrong number.

A put

C through

B done

D dialed

9/ It's important to take

breaks when working at a computer.

A freq uent

C repeated

Blots

Doften

10/ The

development

of new technologies

means that there

a e fewer jobs

for

manual

17

A workforce

C employees

B staff

D workers

I II You will see fro

the catalogue that our prices are very

A competitive

C completed

B competent

D compatible

12/ We are happy to

place the

goods free of charge.

A. injured

C. destroyed

B. hurt

D. damaged

13/ For many people 'ob~

is more important than a high salary.

A satisfaction

C achievement

B expectation

D acceptance

14/ Dr. Klein will be ble to meet with us this afternoon Aif

B which

15/ Professor lagro with the

C under

we can make it. Dhow

praised Mr. Modello for his literary contribution before presenting him money the group had gathered.

B few

A little

Csmall

D less

*****

TEST 4 1/ The company has ood industrial A workings

B affairs

and disputes are rare.

"",,"

C terms

2/ I think we'll be a e to sell the house quite easily coming round this a A future 3/ OUf prices

D relations

- in fact. we've

got two

moon. B ahead

C prospective

D close

B competition

C competitive

D competing

are ve

A competitor 4/ Would you mind

us a little more about how you intend to enter this

new market?

A replying

18

buyers

B explaining

C telling

D answering

5/ You should have

those shares when they were cheap.

A taken out

B sold off

6/ The circular will contain . B obvious

A key

C bought up

D taken ver

financial information to hel investors. C intelligent

D noted

7/ No. This is the Finance Department. I'll check the

number.

A extension

C exterior

B external

D extraction

8/ Many employees are eager to try

new ideas.

Ain

Con

Bup

Dout

9/ After rationalisation the company was

and its order book was ull.

A in good time

C in good spirits

B in good shape

D in good health

10/ We apologise for the difficulty we are experiencing in paying your A delayed

C outstanding

B waiting

D owing

II/The company needed to make job cuts so they asked staff to_ B choose

A offer 12/I

C volunteer

account.

fo redundancy.

D select

it best to look over the competition before deciding to start a consulting

business in this town. B pondered

A thought

C liked

D wond

13/ Professor Haage, as a public speaker, is

than Professor

A more entertaining

B very entertaining

C most entertaining

D the more entertaining

14/ Affordable electric cars will be available A some

B sometime

Bmust

oyle.

in the near fu C something

D some

you decid~ to open

15/ The client will reconsider the offer A considering

ed

C were

office in Taiwan.

D shoul

19

TEST 5 1/ The successful ap licant will have a proven track A history

B record

C curriculum

in project management. o performance

2/ As a journalist for a national newspaper, I am used to working to a A target

Blimit

C deadline

to show better than expected results.

3/ The report is

A necessary

B possibly

4/ The annual genera meeting was

o likely

in the conference centre.

C run

B provided

o held

5/ If you are

in attending, please let me know as soon as possible.

A .:oncerned

C sure

B pleased

0 interested

6/ You must

your application by the end of the week.

A submit

C subscribe

B subject

0 subcontract iss Johnson's in a meeting.

A worried

C concerned

B afraid

0 frightened

8/ The new Managin

Oirector of the company has just been

A applied

C requested

B decided

o appointed

9/ He was offered a b nk

when the company experienced financial problems.

A payment

C overdraft

B credit

o debt

10/ The company will be

20

C clearly

A conducted

7/ I'm

o plan

a new range of health foods over the next rew months.

A promoting

C competing

B encouraging

o supporting

III Before negotiating a deal make sure you know the strength

and weaknesses of

products. A competing

C commanding

B conflicting

D connecting

121lan is working as an

with Global Printers.

A appellant

B apprentice

C applicant

D appe dant

131 "If you had examined each factor individually," she argued, "you

that the

errorwas theirs." A would have seen

B would have been seeing

C had seen

Dsaw

141 In

rising health care costs, many companies are sire

lining their benefits

program. A to light

B light of

151 The building, for

C lights on

Dlighte

a purchasing fund had been set aside, was severely

damaged in the hurricane. A that

B which

C whom

Dthis

*****

TEST 6 1/ We were told that the expense budget was being trimmed

the company was

considering the purchase of a larger warehouse. A because

B so

2/ She is, in A every

C neither

respect, an ideal candidate for the position. Ball

C individual

31 The new employee found it difficult to work A beneath 41 He

Dor

B besides

C under

D other such stres ul conditions. Dover

pyramiding as simply using the profits of one

vestment to make

another. A explaining

B are being explained

C had been explained

D explained

21

5/ The bank laid do n several policies designed B so

Ato

simplifY the collection process.

C that

Dwhat

the conference call until both analysts have sent us their

6/ I would like to conclusions. A postpone

B move

7/ The company

D detain

the entire staff with an additional two days of vacation.

A granted 8/ It was agreed

C hinder

B offered

C rewarded

D awarded

at the full cost would be refunded if the goods were returned in

perfect A condition

B state

C situation

D shape

9/ Unfortunately the e is still a lot of A distraction B discriminat

10/ Carol's reliabili

against older people in the workplace. C discretion

n

D distortion

and confidence make her an

employee.

A idealized

C idyllic

B ideal

D idealistic

III They agreed tha the system wasn't working well and there was a need to

a

more radical approa h. A choose

C prefer

B designate

D adopt

12/ It's going to be ifficult to break

the Far East market but I believe it will

become a key marke for us. A through

C into

B up

D down

13/ The consultants

the importance of managers involving staff in the issue of

timekeeping.

22

A emphasised

C motivated

B recommend d

D related

14/ Plans have already been drawn A over

tn deal with such si uations.

B through

Cup

o into

15/ After all these years she has decided to take early A leave

B finishing

C departure

o retire eni

*****

TEST 7 1/ Like many companies, we were affected by the A downside

B downturn

C downgrade

2/ Henry Ford introduced the assembly A row

in the w rId economy.

o down all

as a way of mass-

B queue

o file

Cline

3/ What kind of problems will the change in the schedule A make

B do

A announcement

Oexp

about the sale in the local paper. B warning

5/ It was a big A trial

?

C cause

4/ You can see the

oducing cars.

C notice

o advert

.

sement

for her to give up her acting career to 100 after her family. B sacrifice

C endeavour

6/ In some countries it is quite

o test

to use the correct title whe

talking to business

colleagues. A offensive

C formal

Blikely

o tricky

7/ The company had scarcely gotten back on its feet when it was

completely

by the fire. A ravage

B ravaging

C ravaged

8/ Our division is responsible for making and A delivered

B delivers

9/ The fringe benefits A enticed

o ravages frozen foods

C deliverer

o deli veri g

him to accept the position. B teased

C illustrated

10/ Sonya & Company settled the matter out of

o attracte to avoid th pending lawsuit.

23

A courthouse

B courting

C courts

D court

11/ The form of a c mputer command is so precise that any alteration of it is to the comput r. A unintelligi

y

B unintelligibility .

C unintellige

D unintelligible

12/ Although profit s one indicator of success, it need not be the A alone

B single

A made

some headway on these tax issues.

B took

Chad

14/ A fanmer can months in order to A draw out 15/ The findings of

Donly

C lonely

13/ I felt that we ha finally

one.

Dwent

a contract with a mill to lock in a certain price for six protected against falling prices. B draw up

C draw in

D draw on

e investigation confinmed that there was no

amongst the

local police force. A interruptio

B corruption

C eruption

D disruption

*****

TEST 8 1/ The buying and

lIing of stocks and bonds is

1 would like to learn more

about. A something 2/

Because

of

look

B somewhere stable

economic

C somehow growth

D somewhat

rate, the

president

can

probably

that there would be a two-week

delay in

o another term. A up

B forward

3/ The reception is

informed

deliveries

the current stock had been exhausted.

A ever since

Bas

customers

Cover

C whenever

D above

D until

4/ If it weren't for ve ture capital, the American business machine A would

24

Bwill

C was

collapse.

Dwere

.

5/ Lawmakers were about to end their sum,mer session, but not before giving

ey passed a proposal

a pay raise. A himself

B themselves

6/ The publisher will A maybe

need the report by week's end. B probably

7/ All departments A meeting

C possible

D even uaJly

their deadlines wiU be given a substan ial bonus. Bmet

C will meet

8/ The lecturer was neither on time Aor

C herself

Dtom

prepared.

B nor

C and

Dbut

9/ The most effective sales technique is one which tells the custo er how the product will him or her. A better

Cprofit

B improve

D benefit

10/ Although I am a very junior member of staff, my

prospects

A long-lived

C long-winded

B long-standing

D long-term

II/He was unable to stay for the

good.

of the meeting as he ad other business to

attend to. A time

C extent

B length

D duration

12/ The hotel management

and the union are at a

re

ding the benefits

package. A stalling

Bpoint

C standstill

13/ A car today produces 70% A fewer

Ddraw

pollutants than .ten years ag

Bless

Clower

14/ The secretary told me that a new

was being mail

to all interested

investors. A prospectus 15/ The shares had been

B prosecution

C prosthesis for quite some time.

25

A undernouri hed

B underval ued

C underchar

D underdeveloped

d

*****

TEST 9 1/ Ursula was the vi e president of A marketings 2/ An estimated 35

for the East Coast last year.

B marketing

C markets

D marketed

illion tax dollars is lost even year

Ain

B for

Cat

3/ The entire indust

the black economy. Dover

out of the need to conserve energy.

A evolution

B are evolving

C has evolved

D have evolved

4/ The decision to hi e her rests ultimately with the director of human A resource

5/

Properly

cond cted

B resources

business

C resourcing ventures

would

D resourceful more

for strengthening

international relation than anything else. A done

B able to do

6/ There was a deli n te

C do

D doing

of expectation in the room when the general manager

brought up the topic f wages. Aair

B stillness

7/ Once further inves ment has been A secured

B obliged

C moment

D scent

the plans for growth can be carried out. C bound

D forced

8/ The reason there a e no buses is because the drivers are on A hit 9/ There has been

B stop

C strike

D leave

agreement to supply Texmills with our products and

services. A long-winded

C long-standing

B long-lasting

D long-lived

10/ There are no publ c phones in here but there is a phone

26

in Market Street.

A room

C booth

B operator

D switchboard

III If this project is completed on time we will receive a A bonus

Cbill

B batch

D salary

121Some companies have

all their secretarial posts.

A abandoned

C abolished

B collapsed

D failed

131Over the decades, the name of Siemens has become A symptomatic

C systematic

B synonymous

D synthetic

141Buying in

in ext month's pay.

with rogress.

can reduce unit costs.

A bulk

C volume

B amounts

D weight

151Unfortunately the recent takeover will result in a number of A rationalisations

C redundancies

B dealings

D exchanges

at the plant.

*****

TEST 10 1/ All items in this range will be

from 27 April.

A suitable

C available

B portable

D accessible

21 Artemis gives us a good price on this because they are our A single

C individual

Bone

Dsole

suppliers.

3/ All letters of credit should include an expiry date when payment is A called

C ready

B complete

Ddue

27

4/ The delay in desp tch was due to circumstances

our control.

A above

C. under

B beyond

DIn

5/ Please send us a c py of her

50 that we can arrange transport.

A journey

C itinerary

Bmap

D route

6/ Although prices

ave remained

for the past two years we are expecting a

sharp rise in the near future. A still

C same

B immobile

D static

7/ The interview pan I's

impression was that Sam was the most suitable candidate.

A overdone

C overbearing

B overall

D overblown

8/ Neither the custo er or the salesperson wants to feel_ A checked

C cheated

B changed

D charged

9/ We are willing to

pply the goods

a discount of 5%.

A in

Cat

B after

Dover

10/ The

town

pay

h

es

to

collect

over a deal.

enough

money

from

the

municipal

bonds

to

th bridge repairs. A out

B for

C into

Dby

11/ The public uti lit companies have been forced

over fi fiy new personnel to

help with all the repa s. A hired

B hiring

C hire

12/ Calendar years an fiscal years don't A almost

B already

13/ If inflation gets t 0 high, it steadily fixed income.

28

I I'

D to hire coincide.

C always

D also the buying power of people with a

A would erode

B erodes

141Inflation is eating A down

C eroded

D will be roding

at ourhard-eamed savings. Bon

C through

151The retail merchants knew that a price A enlargement

B increase

D away was inevitable.

C progress

D growth

*****

TEST 11 II With the holidays coming, department stores are gearing up for their bu Aera.

B epoch

21 The letter from the attorney

C course

D season

.

nothing about the lease am

A mentions

B mentioning

C has been mentioned

D is being mentioned

31 The lease states that you must A vacate 41 During

B move in

the inspection

dments.

the apartment in good co dition. C escape from

of the production

D go out

process, the consult

t paid particular

to the assembly line workers. A observation

B notice

Ctime

51The marketing department chalked A out

Bup

D attentio the high sales to thei new ad campaign.

Con

D for

61 This approach will enable us to get the maximum benefit from A savings

B compensations

71 Would you like me to fix up an

C resources

of scale.

D econom s

for you?

A application

C arrangement

B appointment

D attendance

81 You should always speak to customers A slowly

C carefully

B politely

D kindly

29

9/ He was asked to

a thorough review of the health and safety provision within

the organisation. A underline

C undertake

B undergo

D understand

10/ The consignme

arrives at the warehouse on Monday and will be

A unloaded

C undone

B emptied

D unsent

11/ The company sa

net profits fall as a result of the

immediately.

in the industry world-wide.

A downfall

C downturn

B downgrade

D downward

12/ If you do not p y your bill within the next few days we will have to consider taking legal A prosecution

C instruction

B action

D presentation

13/ There was a

in the order at the factory and the wrong package was sent.

A. mix-up

C. mixing

B. mixture

D. mixed-up

14/ Their products

only available through selected

A outlooks

C outlines

B outlets

D outfits

15/ The managem

committee

that flextime should be limited to

permanent members f staff. A stipulated

C asked

B required

D wanted

*****

TEST 12 1/ She made sure tha everyone was able to express their points of A view

30

C idea

B opinion

D impression

2/ Many people would jump

the chance of working for a success

A off

Cat

Bin

Dover

3/ A good salesperson can

almost anybody to buy anything.

A satisfy

C persuade

B appeal

D adapt

4/ As a limited

I travel company.

she rarely engages in the internal a ministration

of the

company. A partnering

B partnership

C partner

D partne

5/ Our technical .department is racing to develop the technology th t will give us the competitive edge we'll need A to maintain

our profit trend.

B will maintain

C maintain

D be mai taining

6/ Our family was once a majority shareholder in a company that

everything

during the Depression. A lose

B was losing

7/ The market crashed right A since

B after

8/ My boss promised to A take

Clost

D to lose

he sold most of his stocks. Cat

Dyet

on board the suggestions I made at Blet

Chold

9/ The complaint about the cost of the item was soon A. dealt

C. taken

B. sorted

D. cleared

10/ The customer demanded a

Dset out.

when he discovered the equipme t was missing.

A. return

C. refund

B. repair

D. reply

III Her supervisor was very

e meeting.

in her choice of words when pointing out areas

that need improvement. A discrepant

B discreet

C dissolute

D disson

31

the contract satisfied all parties.

12/ At the time it A sign

B signed

C was signing

13/ The board of dir tors convinced him to A take

B do

D was signed action against the other firm.

C give

D make

14/ Customer Servi ,on the fifth floor, will have

.your application before I

can process it.

A approve

B been approved

C approving

15/ They said my qu lifications were A most

D to approve

varied than those of any other applicant.

B best

Cmore

D very

*****

TEST 13 1/ It is important fo many small businesses to improve their credit

and ensure

customers pay on ti A limit

C risk

B control

Dterm

2/ There was a seriou staff

at the time so several shipments were held up.

A shortage

C decrease

B reduction

D Contraction

3/ The sales

for the next few months is not particularly optimistic

A figures

C forecast

B drive

D trend

4/ Supermarkets ofte find point of sale

very useful when introducing new

products to their cust mers.

A displays

C presentations

B exhibits

D exhibitions

5/ He thanked the

anagement

behalf of the staff for taking their

suggestions seriously. A with

32

I !

C in

Bon

D for

6/ Once they had agreed terms the deal was pushed A over

C in

B through

Dby

very quickly.

7/ Mrs. Corritas always ships her orders out in a A quickly

fashion.

Ctimely

B hastily

8/ Both parties were at an

D promptl

because nothing was written

wn at the time of

the negotiations. A impairment 9/

B impedance

C impasse

he not become emotionally

D implosi n

involved,

I think he could have been

instrumental in averting the strike. A Had

C Should

B Since

10/ According

D Were

to the findings of the investigative

committee,

th

company

is not

for the damages.

A liable . 11/ Our original A supplicant

D suscepti Ie

was very reliable and always delivered on ime. C suppressor

B supporter

12/ The backup system A will

C obligated

B guilty

D supplie

turned on by that time. C is being

B should

D will hav been

articulate in expressing its diss isfaction with the

13/ The field staff was company's restructuring.

A greatly

B keenly

C moreover

14/ Enabling consumers to make educated

D quite was the purpose 0 enacting the Truth

in Lending Act. A decisi ve

B deciding

C decides

D decision

15/ The volume of paperwork that needs to be filled out to buy a home c

it

seem insunnountable. A make

B cause

Cput

D appear

33

TEST 14 1/ The mail sorting A operation

achine is out of

again.

B performance

Corder

D function

2/ The comptroller a ked the treasurer for a breakdown of the A informatior

B informations

3/ Managers should

C informative

in his report. D inform

staff to maintain the no-smoking policy throughout the

building. A suggest

C support

B encourage

D co-operate.

4/ If you're taking n tes it's a good idea to make them as clear and

r

A quick

C essential

B brief

D rough

5/ Thank you for yO!

of$500 which we received today.

A remittance

Cremains

B remission

D remuneration

6/ If customers fail te

as possible.

their bills you can be left with a serious cash-flow problem.

A meet

C invoice

B charge

D state

7/ The poor quality 0 the products was

on inadequate supervision of the

workforce. A caused

C explained

B blamed

DPut

8/ When deciding w at kind of advertising to use it's important to find out as much as possible about your A companions

C competitors

B competitions

D components

9/ In this course, yo

will be learning the most widely used method of taking inventory

mainta' ing inventory records. Ato

34

B because

C and

Dwith

II I

10/ We cannot print

the financial report until the comput

A with

Bon

Cforth

is working.

Dout

11/ Municipal bonds are issued by state and local governments to payor

keeping roads and

bridges in good A state

B repair

C quality

12/ Our department is neither prepared A or

B nor

D man er willing to fund th s research.

Cbut

D also

13/ Although improving, the unemployment problem still A persistence 14/

Bpersists

C persisting

D persi ently

amount of money was going to stop her from blo

ng the whistle on the

company's policy regarding waste disposal. A None 15/

BNot

C Such

DNo

of the downtown shopping district was done to attra A Reinforcement

B Fabrication

C Restoration

more business.

D Furbi hing

*****

TEST 15 1/ Ian has to be very organised as his work involves meeting tight A problems

C challenges

B responsibilities

D deadlines

2/ There is a

danger that the new regulations will be mi understood by many

staff. A unnecessary 3/ The credit terms

B bad

C unfortunate

that payment should be on presentation 0 he goods.

A remind

C agree

B stipulate

Dsettle

4/ It's important to A take on

D grave

customer references when offering credit. B take down

C take up

5/ The advertising company has come up with a catchy new

D take i for the car.

35

. A slogan

B saying

C image

D feature

6/ The goods will b delivered by Wednesday at the A last

B longest

C least

D latest

7/ We have two re esentatives from Intel who

invited to speak at the opening

ceremonies.

A been

B was

Cwere

8/ The transport stri e is becoming a A disgust

B discord

9/ As a result of

Dhad for small businesses.

C disaster

D disclosure

ur trip to Lima, we were able to forge a partnership with one of our

camp titors. A precedent

B former

Clast

D sooner

10/ A good way to void misunderstandings in business is to

all agreements

in writing. A put off

B put away

III Bond activity in reased

D put up with

our intense marketing efforts.

A with respec to B in regard to 12/ Most investme t brochures

C put

C in light of

D as a result of

carry the following caveat: "Past performance

cannot

futu e results." A guarantor 13/ Arthur Morris

B guaranty

C guaranteed

reated the first

D guarantee

loan in 1916 despite all advice to the

contrary. A increment

B installment

C internment

D involvement

14/ Ms. Yen's contri ution to the company has been A industrial

B indigenous

15/ Bondholders are enerally A consider

36

B considering

C invaluable

D inclement

more conservative than stockholders. C considerable

D considered

REA ING COMPREHENSION

37

READING COMPREHENSION In this section yo

will find each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished

statements

he passage, each with four or three suggested answers or ways of

about

finishing. You mu t choose the one which you think fits best. Read each passage right through before ch

sing your answers.

PASSAGE 1 To be successful, a business traveler must be able to maintain contact with the office, no matter what the tim or place. Negotiations often involve decisions based on the latest figures.. New telecommunic

ions products and services now on the market make staying in touch

easier than ever ber. e. The most widesprea

device is the cellular telephone, the price of which has dropped from

several thousand do lars to a few hundred, including installation. There are over 2 million cellular phones in u phones have prove transactions. Phone

today, including both car phones and cordless transportable units. Car indispensable

for road emergencies

as well as routine business

rvice is also available on airplanes and on the rails.

Recently introduced I1QcL--tsiz,J ~rganizers help busines~ travelers with heavy schedules keep track of client

~~y

computers that can store all kinds of information. They

can serve as phone

d address directories, calendars, electronic memo pads, and calculators,

among other uses. Another invaluable t lecommunications tool is smaller, lighter fax machines that plug into /

any standard electric I outlet and phone line. The devices allow instantaneous transmission of hard copy to any 10 tion having a compatible fax machine. It is expected that faxing will soon become the pri ary means of sending and receiving short documents requiring prompt altention. II What is the best tit e for this passage? A. New Tele ommunications Products and Services B. The Busin ss Traveler C. Office Co munications D. Computer and Businessmen 2/ According to the p sage, why do business travelers need to keep in touch with the office? A. They may at know where they are. B. Company

uidelines require frequent contact.

C. They must ave the latest information for negotiations. D. So many n w products and services are on the market. 3/ According to the p sage, mobile phone service

38

A. is very useful in the case of road accidents. B still costs several thousands of dollars. C. is not yet available on trains and airplanes. D. does not come in transportable form. 41 In line 14, the word "these" refers to A. clients

C. organizers

B. schedules

D. travelers

51Pocket-sized computers are especially useful for businessmen who A have no maintain frequent contact with the office B. have very busy itineraries. C. are unable to afford cellular phones D. do not have many clients to deal with. *****

PASSAGE 2 Construction

Outlook for the Haiphong District,

This report is concerned primarily with construction of homes in the Haiphong area in the next decade. There are many factors which influence the construction of houses in the area, and part of the report is devoted to an analysis of these factors: pop lation growth and the increased need for housing, economic activity, and current housing fac. ities. The information used in the preparation

of this report was gathered from the

Chamber of

Commerce, census tracts, government reports and books relating to ho Last year, the estimated population of corporate Haiphong was 724,00 percent over the Vietnam Census figure. The population of metro

\itan Haiphong was

922,000. The considerable growth of metropolitan Haiphong is reflect

in expansion of the

city's living area by roughly thirteen percent. Haiphong covers an area

f 295,5 square miles,

of which 19 square miles is land. There is more than enough room fo expansion, especially in the Gingh Bo, Quan '1'0 and Shangti areas. Although there may appear to be adequate housing facilities for the

pulation. twenty-five

percent of those units are dilapidated. In general, the economic condit

ns in Haiphong seem

extremely favorable for a continued increase in new housing con truction and housing improvements. The introduction of the new Hunddei automobile m

ufacturing plant will

further develop the economy of the metropolitan area. Income, in ge eral, will continue to rise as the industrial activity in the area picks up. One could conclude that home construction in the future will he at I year. with a good chance of a five to ten percent increase. II What is the purpose of this report?

39

u

A To explain th rate of success of previous construction efforts B To criticize t e housing conditions in Haiphong C To estimate t e prospects for home building in Haiphong o To detail pro

sed industrial activity for the area

2/ Which factor waul NOT have an impact on the building of homes in the area? A The availabil ty of pllblic transportation B The level of i dustrial activity in the area C How fast the opulation was gro~ing o How many Ii ing quarters are currently available 3/ What was the esti

ted population of Haiphong's business center last year?

A 724,000 B 922,000 C 1,646,000

o 198,000 4/ What percentage 0 Haiphong's housing needs repair or replacement? A 10% BII% C 13% 025% 5/ What effect will th Hunddei plant have on the area? A It will raise t e price of homes in the area. B Wages, in ge eral, should go up five to ten percent. C It will boost t e local economy. o The compan

will help subsidize the repair of dilapidated homes.

~ PASSAGE 3 Here are some statis ics that may heighten your interest in the Pa.cific Basin. Half of tbe world's wealth and 0

r half of its population live in the 34 countries and 23 island states that

embrace the Basin, w ich itself consists of 70 million square miles. Ninety-five percent of the world's natural silk c

be found there as well as 88 percent of its natural rubber, 22 percent

of its oil resources, an 64 percent of its cotton. Well over a thousand languages are spoken in the area, and it is th source of some of the richest religious and cultural traditions in the world. The most rapidly exp nding economy in the region is Taiwan, with South Korea expected to be amongst the riche

countries in the world in the twenty-first century. Not enough can be

said about the mark t potential of China. As these countries continue to develop, their , 40

manufacturing capabilities will become increasingly complex and the r market for advanced technology will expand. The telecommunications industry, for instan

will soon take off.

It is the educated labor force as well as the work ethic that acc unts for the growing manufacturing power of the Pacific nations. Lying on the trade routes 0 both- East and West, this area has a unique advantage, something that few businesses can ig ore. 1/. Who is this report most likely intended for? A Companies wanting to expand their market reach B Translators for the Pacific region languages C Natural rubber manufacturers D The Department of Labor 2/ Only five percent of what product can be found outside the PacificB

in?

A Oil B Natural rubber C Natural silk D Cotton 3/ How should readers of this report view the Pacific Basin? A As an overly populated region with little buying power B As a growing market C As a forbidding competitor D As a powerful opponent 4/ Which industry is likely to excel in the Pacific Basin in the near futu ? A Mobile phone manufacturers B Rubber tire manufacturers C Oil refineries D Clothing manufacturers 5/ Why is the Pacific Basin becoming the focus of the business commu ity? A The cost of labor is considerably less. B It is well poised for great economic expansion. C The area has superior educational standards. D There are few trade restrictions in the countries there.

*.*.

41

PASSAGE 4 September 29, 1993 Paul Bergstein, President Stone & Brick Contractors 423 Ridgewell Road Burbank, CA 91345

Dear Mr. Bergstein, Because I have not

en able to reach you by phone, I am resorting to registered mail. On

May 2 of this year, I signed a contract with your Mr. Alan Stevenson for a five-foot high stone wall. Jt had an rched entrance with fittings for a particular black swinging metal gate. Completion was sche uled for September 15 and the agreed-upon price was $5,500. Enclosed is a copy of the contr

t.

Although the work b gan and ended as scheduled and the wall itself is a constant source of compliments from th neighbors, it turns out that the fittings for the gate were incorrectly placed. Not only that, but the bill was $400 over the quoted price. I was not concerned

bout the overcharge of S400 until I found out about repair costs. The

wall has to be opene

up in eight separate spots where the old fittings are so that they can be

rearranged to accom

odate the new gate. That adjustment alone will cost me $500.

I, therefore, respectC lIy request that you refund at least $400 as soon as possible. As I had such difficulty in t ing to reach you by phone, I am somewhat concerned about your willingness to accou t for this error. While I would prefer not to, I will not hesitate to refer this matter to my aU

ney if I don't hear from you in the coming week.

Sincerely, Ingrid Baum ***** 1/ What is Ingrid's m in purpose in writing the letter? A To request a efund B To inquire a

ut the additional charge of $400

C To give the

mens ions for the gate she wants installed

D To complim nt the workers on their work 2/ How did Ingrid ini ially try to reach Mr. Bergstein? A Through her awyer B By phone

42

C Bye-mail D Through registered mail 3/ How much did Ingrid pay for the building of the wall? A $4,000 B $5,500 C $5,900 D $6,000 4/ How will the gate be repaired? A By rearranging the fittings B By buying a new gate

C By paying $400 more D By taking down part of the stone wall 5/ In the last paragraph, the word "attorney" is closest in meaning to A representative B lawyer C advisor D counselor

*****

PASSAGE 5

THE BOSSES SPEAK John Stuart is an executive recruitment specialist who has turned to wri ng. The result is this book, based on interviews with twenty Chief Executives. Each top manager - none of them famous names, surprisingly - is giv n a short chapter, and there is some introductory material and a conclusion. This means yo

can jump from one

person to another, in any order, which is good for people who are to

busy to read a book

from cover to cover. For a management book it isn't expensive, altho gh whether it's good value for money is doubtful. Some of the twenty interviewees started their own businesses, while ot ers joined a company and worked their way up. Some are fairly new in their position, and ot ers have had years of experience, though, strangely, Stuart doesn't seem interested in t

se differences. The

interviewees work in everything, from retailing to airlines to software

and it is this variety

that forms the main theme of Stuart's book. I have to say that Stuart's approach annoys me. He rarely stays at a distance from his interviewees, who are mostly presented in their own, positive words. I this were always the

43 R

case, at least you wou d know where you were. But he seems to dislike certain interviewees. As a result, I don't kn w whether to accept any of his opinions. It also means that the ook gives no clear lessons. At the very least, I expected to learn what makes a successful C ief Executive. But these people seem to share two types of qualities. Some of them are ver common, suggesting that anyone can be equally successful, which is definitely not the cas

. And

the other qualities are ones which most successful bosses I've

seen definitely do not ave. So in the end I'm no wiser about what really goes on. Perhaps I'm being u fair. As long as you don't think about whether you'd like them as friends, and pay no at ntion to most of the advice they give, the most readable parts are where the bosses escribe their route to their present position. Stuart seems to think hat his book would be useful for people aiming for the top, and that it might even make a ~ here is very limited.

want to start their own company; but, in fact, what they could learn een as light business reading for a doctor or teacher, though, this book

would provide some

od entertainment.

1/ The reviewer sugg

ts that one advantage of the book is that

A it is better va e than other management books. B it does not ne d to be read right through. C it is about we I-known people. 2/ The book concentr tes on the fact that the twenty executives who are interviewed A work in a nu ber of different industries. B started their

mpanies.

C have worked or different lengths of time. 3/ The reviewer cann t accept Stuart's opinions because Stuart A makes unrea onable complaints about the interviewees. B writes too po itively about the interviewees. C has different 4/ Reading the book

ttitudes towards different interviewees. ade the reviewer think that

A there are cert in qualities which all Chief Executives need. B it is difficult 0 discover how people really run a company. C running a co pany is easier than many people think. 5/ Which parts of the ook did the reviewer most enjoy reading? A how the inte iewees became Chief Executives B what sort of eople the interviewees are C the advice gi en by the interviewees 6/ The reviewer reco mends the book for people who A intend to set p in business. B want to beeD e seniormanagers.

C are outside the field of business.

*

PASSAGE 6 I know that it is my job to make sure that everything goes well for

e tourists and I feel I

work hard for the company. I cannot be blamed for last week. I met

e group at the airport

and took them to the coach. The coach driver was a bit annoyed beca se the flight was late. But it wasn't far to the hotel and everyone was looking forward to t eir dinner. We hadn't used the Hotel Riviera before but our normal one had a conference in t so was fully booked. When I announced our arrival at the reception desk, they said they

ere full. I had booked

rooms for the group but the manager said they were cancelled by phon a few days before. He insisted that he recognised my voice and that I had made the phone argument but they obviously didn't have enough rooins. In the end the hotels in the town and found rooms for everyone but in four different coach had gone so we had to get taxis and some of the tourists started me. I still don't know who made that phone call but it definitely wasn't

I. We had a bit of an anager phoned other otels. By this time the get very angry with e.

1/ What is the writer trying to do? A argue B

apologise

C

explain

D complain 21 Who was the text written to? A one of the tourists B

the writer's employer

C the hotel manager D the coach company 3/ Why weren't any rooms available at the Hotel Riviera? A A conference was taking place there. B

There were more people in the group than expected.

C

Someone had forgotten to book them.

D

Someone had said they were not needed.

4/ What happened in the end? A The tourists got angry with the hotel manager. B The tourists couldn't stay together. e

The writer found other hotels with rooms.

D The writer called the coach driver back. 5/ Which of the following diaries was written by one of the tourists?

45 R

A

Someone h d made a mistake with our hotel booking and the hotel had given our rooms to ot er people.

B The hotel

e were taken to wasn't good enough so we asked to change to a

different 0 C

We got to

e airport and had to wait for the coach. So it was really late when we

got to the h tel. D The coach river 'took us to the wrong hotel and they knew nothing about us.

****

PASSAGE 7 GROWING RESTAURANT CHAIN Simon Dale, the c airman and founder of the Dalehouse restaurant chain, yesterday announced plans to

pen a further 20 restaurants and create 600 new jobs in the next four

years. The group hop s to open 4 of the new restaurants by the end of this year, creating up to 120 jobs. The progr

me will result in a chain of over 100 Dalehouse restaurants in towns

and cities all over the United Kingdom by the end of the four-year period. The company also h

a limited programme of expansion in other countries. There are plans

for the company to open its third restaurant abroad towards the middle of next year as planning permission was recently received for a restaurant in the south of Spain. At the moment there is a D lehouse restaurant in Germany and another in Denmark. Negotiations are already taking pi ce about opening two more restaurants in Germany and three more in Spain. Mr Dale said yesterd y: 'Our plans are ambitious and there is no doubt that in some ways t ay are quite frightening. But we've been in business for twenty years and a lot of our staff have been with us for mos of that time and, as a result, have experience of things growing at a fast rate.' The Dalehouse chai

currently has 82 restaurants, all in town centre locations. The group is

planning now to ex and further in residential areas. The company intends to continue its tradition of having

ost of its restaurants open from midday until midnight seven days a

week. It will also co inue to open restaurants in buildings which were originally designed for a different purpose. Certain financial jou

alists wonder whether the company will be able to find enough cash to

finance its plans Mr

ale, however, remains positive. 'It is true,' he says, 'that we will not be

able to finance the pans without some support from the banks. and we are in the process of arranging this at the

46 R

oment. Most of the money, however, will come from the amount we

have kepi back from our profits for future investment in the b siness. We opened 4 restaurants last year so an expansion programme of 5 this year an outside the normal rate of growth. We have had hardly any problems

6 next would not be nancing our expansion

in the past and expect this to continue in the future. 11After four years there will be A a total of 600 people employed by Dalehouse restaurants. B a Oalehouse restaurant in over 120 UK towns and cities. C 20 more Oalehouse restaurants than there are at present. 2/ How many Oalehouse restaurants are there in other countries at the

omen!?

A One. B

Two.

C

Three.

3/ What does Mr Dale say about the company's employees? A Most of them have worked for Oalehouse since it started. B Most of them have enjoyed being in a growing company. C

Many of them have seen the company developquickly.

4/ What will be different about the new Dalehouse restaurants? A

Some will be away from town centres.

B

Son.e will be in buildings not planned as restaurants.

C

Some will be open every day of the week.

5/ What does Mr Dale have to say about financing the company's plans. A Oalehouse has already arranged loans to help with the financ B

Oalehouse will need help from the banks.

C

Oalehouse has enough money to finance its plans without hel

6/ What does Mr Dale say about problems caused by expansion? A There have only been minor problems. B There will be fewer problems in the future. C

There have been very few problems.

..... PASSAGE 8 COMPUTER

SOFTWARE

As more and more companies are using the Internet to do business, M rk Williams explains how a new software package is helping the efficient transfer of medi ines from factory to patient. AHL Pharmaceuticals is one of Britain's largest wholesale distributors

f medicines. Under a

European parent company, Setra AG, it covers 40 per cent of the British market. The

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company buys medici es from the manufacturers and delivers them on a twice-daily basis to hundreds of hospitals

d pharmacies around the country.

"The responsibility f< supplying such large quantities of medicines is frightening,' says IT director, Stephen Smi h. 'If a manufacturer has quality control problems, creating a shortfall in supply, or if medic' es are suddenly needed in large quantities somewhere else in the world our stock levels can

II dramatically. In the past such a lack of balance between supply and

demand was a huge

roblem. With our new software system, we know immediately of any

possible manufacturi g or supply difficulties, can warn our customers and suggest possible alternatives.' This system is so ef lcient because manufacturers can update details themselves of stock levels and product i ormation. Twice a day staff at AHL transfer this data to their main computer system wh e it is made available through the AHL website to company personnel and customers. With so many people aving access to the data,isn't the security of the system at risk? 'Not at all,' says Smith. 'We un the software within our own internal security system. The data goes into a special "sand x" which is separate from the rest of the system. Even if someone manages to get into t

software, they can't go anywhere else on the network.'

And does he think th t this is the limit of the software's use? 'The first time I saw this I had the feeling that life w uld be different from now on. Instead of having lots of pieces of paper flying around, an exp nsion of the software system into the purchasing department means that orders can now be d It with in a moment. The only delay to further expansion is deciding what area of the com

ny to apply it to next.'

II AHL Pharmaceuti

Is

A manufactur s medicines. B

puts drug c mpanies in contact with customers.

C

supplies m

icines to customers.

2/ According to the te t, what is the challenge for pharmaceutical manufacturers? A developing n w types of medicines B transportin C

medicines to other countries

ensuring a onstant supply of medicines

3/ The most importan function of the new software is to A

maintain th quality of customer service.

B

expand the ustomer network worldwide.

C

inform pati nts about better quality medicines.

4/ New information a out medicines

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A

is updated y the manufacturers twice a day.

B

is made av 'Iable to customers by AHL personnel.

company buys medic nes from the manufacturers and delivers them on a twice-daily basis to hundreds of hospitals nd pharmacies around the country. The responsibility fi r supplying such large quantities of medicines is frightening,' says IT director, Stephen Smi h. 'If a manufacturer has quality control problems, creating a shortfall in supply, or if medic es are suddenly needed in large quantities somewhere else in the world our stock levels can

II dramatically. In the past such a lack of balance between supply and

demand was a huge

roblem. With our new software system, we know immediately of any

possible manufacturi g or supply difficulties, can warn our customers and suggest possible alternatives.

'

This system is so ef lcient because manufacturers can update details themselves of stock levels and product in ormation. Twice a day staff at AHL transfer this data to their main computer system whe e it is made available through the AHL website to company personnel and customers. With so many people aving access to the data,isn't the security of the system at risk? 'Not at all,' says Smith. 'We

I

n the software within our own internal security system. The data goes

into a special "sandb x" which is separate from the rest of the system. Even if someone manages to get into th software, they can't go anywhere else on the network.' And does he think th

this is the limit of the software's use? 'The first time I saw this I had

the feeling that life w uld be different from now on. Instead of having lots of pieces of paper flying around, an exp

sion of the software system into the purchasing department means that

orders can now be de It with in a moment. The only delay to further expansion is deciding what area of the comp ny to apply it to next.' 1/ AHL Pharmaceutic Is A

manufactur medicines.

B C

panies in contact with customers. supplies m

icines to customers.

2/ According to the te t, what is the challenge for pharmaceutical manufacturers? A developing ne. types of medicines B

transporting medicines to other countries

C

ensuring a c nstant supply of medicines

3/ The most important function of the new software is to A maintain the quality of customer service. B

expand the c stomer network worldwide.

C

inform patie ts about better quality medicines.

4/ New information ab ut medicines

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A

is updated b the manufacturers twice a day.

B

is made avai able to customers by AHL personnel.

C

is given direct to customers by manufacturers.

5/ Stephen Smith feels that A the security of information on the network used to be a wo B

all the data should be stored on the same system.

C the company's computer-based information is well-protected 6/ The new software A can be used in many areas of the company's business. B will soon totally replace the need for paper documents. C

is delaying the expansion of the purchasing department.

...** PASSAGE 9 INTERVIEWS People applying for jobs normally send in a copy of their CV. This s

uld be used as a basis

for questions from the interviewer. . Interviewers find it useful to ask candidates about the way they behav d in difficult situations in the past, for example with an angry customer or colleague.

ese questions allow

applicants to explain how they acted in a real-life situation and, conse .uently, give clues as to how they would act again in similar situations. Candidates are lik Iy to tell the truth as speaking from memory leaves little time to invent what happen

.

On the other hand

questions which ask candidates to imagine how they would behave in a situation which they have probably never met are of little or no value. This is because the only provide answers about how candidates would hope to behave, and this might not match the actions they would actually take. In any interview candidates must be treated fairly, with questions as and with no candidate's interview lasting considerably longer than

in the same manner yother's.

Candidates

should always be given the opportunity to ask questions throughout th Jan Godley, head of Human Resources at Aspley Supermarkets says:'

company needs staff

not only who have the right qualifications and experience, but also

ho are happy to fit in

with the company's way of doing things. Our managers have to accep the idea that everyone working here is a colleague (managers are always known by their first names). and that spending time actually in the store with colleagues and customers, ra er than in their offices, is part of the job. For management posts, we organise pre--intervi w group exercises to measure team-working

and leadership skills, sometimes along wi h activities to assess

personal qualities. 'In all our interviews we pay attention to body language. It is naturallfor candidates to show signs of being nervous at an interview but most relax after a few mi

tes and become more

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confident. However, if the nervousness continues until the end of the interview, especially when difficult questi ns are asked, we would begin to have doubts about that candidate. Like all employers, we w t to take on staff who are at ease with colleagues and customers so itis important to watch t

way candidates behave, as well as listen to what they have to say.'

1/ According to the a icle, why are questions about a candidate's past behaviour useful? A They prov the candidate will act appropriately in different circumstances. B They show'the candidate can remember details of the situation. C

They dem nstrate how the candidate might act in the future.

2/ Why is asking can idates to imagine their reactions to a situation unhelpful? A

Candidatesimay have no experience of this situation.

B

Candidatesimay act differently in the real-life situation.

C

Candidates ,may never meet such a situation.

3/ According to the

icle,

A candidates hould ask questions at the end of the interview. B

interviewe

should ask all the candidates the same question.

C

interviews

hould all last for roughly the same length of time.

4/ What does Jan Go ley say about the managers in 'her company? A They must 'pend some time with customers in the store. B

They must' now the first names of all their staff.

C

They must pend most of their time in their offices.

5/ Management appli ants at Aspley Supermarkets are A asked a nu ber of questions about their personal qualities. B

assessed on their ability to work within a group.

C

asked to sa what leadership skills the job will require.

6/ According to Jan A They show

bdley, how do candidates often behave at interviews? lack of confidence at first.

B They are sk lied at hiding their nervousness. C

They sudde ly lose confidence when asked difficult questions.

***** PASSAGE 10 W MEN RUNNING THEIR OWN BUSINESS According to recent r search, a third of new companies set up in Britain are run by women. Typical examples are Lisa Simons, who started up her own highly successful clothing shops in London with a loa of £15,000 from her bank, and Kate Rogers, who set up Cellar Cafes five years ago and sol out to a major restaurant chain this month, at a profit of £3 million.

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There are many other examples. Surprise, a mail order company selli g unusual gifts, had a turnover of £4 million last year. The company was started by Claire F ler five years ago in a garage, but later moved into premises in the centre of Coventry.

imilarly, Nina Taylor

started her company, NC Books, in an old warehouse in Bristol. A law er by training, she had no previous experience of the retail trade but believes that this wo ed to her advantage. 'Having no knowledge of the book trade,' she says, 'allowed me to br g fresh ideas into the business. ' Young women are also running successful businesses, like Maria

ellows and Christine

Craig, both still in their early twenties. Together they set up Denlow

ecruitment Agency in

an office in Liverpool less than two years ago; the firm now has six 0 lees and a staff of 38. Another young woman, American-born Amy Bailey, could not find an good coffee shops in England so she set up Coffee Choice. Company in ,1994. Two years ago a large American group bought the company, although Amy continues to playa leading There are many reasons why women want to run their own busine

in the business.

. One

is that they are

increasingly confident that they are capable of doing this. Another i that many no longer want to work for companies which fail to offer satisfying careers.'

men's businesses are

often more successful than those run by men,' says Denise Johnson, 0 the National Business Bank, 'because women are good at looking ahead and seeing what wil be best for a business

- they

find it very satisfying.'

II One-third of new British businesses A. consist of chain companies. B. are owned or managed by women. C. operate within the food sector. 21 What does the second paragraph tell us about the company called Su rise? A. The company delivers its products by post. B. The company has made a profit every year. C. The company operates from a garage. 31 What did Nina Taylor think helped her when she started her busines ? A. having a good knowledge of the law B. being the owner of a warehouse C. knowing nothing about the book trade 41 What shows that Denlow Recruitment Agency has been a success? A. It has been in business for more than two years. B. It has recruited 25 new employees. C. It has opened several new offices. 51 Coffee Choice Company was established A. to fill a gap in the market. 51 R

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,,

I ng competition.

B. despite st

C. with finan e from the US. 61According to th ~!final paragraph women want to run their own business because they A. enjoy lear~ing new skills. B. like maki.]g plans for the future. C. prefer wo~ing for small companies.

.......

,

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i

PASSAGE II i

I

Contrary to the frtntic pace of today's economic environment, the origin of banking and capital markets inl the United States was not an overnight phenomenon.

The form of

organization calle4 a corporation developed very slowly in the states. Early joint-stock 5

companies, in whIch each member was responsible for the obligations of the mutual enterprise, were 9rincipallY nonprofit corporations for religious worship, philanthropy, .education, or land 10mpanies. Commercial corporations didn't make their appearance until the early to mid-1700sj with a Connecticut trading corporation, a Massachusetts wharf company, a number of fire linsurance and water supply companies, and the United Company of !

10

Philadelphia, whic~ was organized to promote industry. By the late 1700s, particularly the period from 1783110 1789, the corporate- structure expanded when numerous corporations were organized for Ibuilding roads, canals, and bridges and for banking. America's first pri~ate commercial bank, the Bank of North America, was chartered by Congress on Decetber

15

31, 1781. The Bank of New York and the Bank of Massachusetts

followed in 1784, ~ut all these banks were local and limited. In December 1791, national

1

banking originated iwith the first national bank, which opened its main office in Philadelphia. In 1816, the secot

national bank was chartered for twenty years. Meanwhile state banks

began to proliferat9' throughout the country.

20

The late 1800s sat an emergence of investment banking houses that promoted mergers in railroads, utilities, ,nd factories and provided the capital for expansion. Commercial banking also flourished, b~t after a high rate of bank failures, the Federal Reserve System was established in 19131to correct deficiencies in existing banking legislation on the national and , state levels. The Fe~eral Reserve Act set the foundation for modem banking. , II Where in the pasfage does the author define joint-stock companies? A Lines 3-7

B Lines 7-101 CLines 13-lf

D Lines 20-2¥

21 Which of the fol~owing is NOT true about the origin of banking in the United States?

A The first private commercial bank was chartered by Congress B The early banks were limited in scope. C Banking developed rapidly in the United States. D The first national bank was located in Philadelphia.

iT 1781. ,I, :1 ,:

31According to the passage, when did commercial corporations appear I n the United States? A After 1800 B Before the 1600s C Around 1750 Din 1791 41 What does the passage mainly discuss? A How mergers provided the capital for expansion of railroads, u~'lities,and factories I B The establishment of the Federal Reserve System ,

.

I

C How commercial corporations developed from nonprofit comp nies D The origin and development of banks and corporations

i

51The words "all these banks" in line 15 refer to A private commercial banks B national banks C investment banking houses D nonprofit corporations 61 Where in the passage does the author's focus move from corporations! to banks? A Lines 8 B Line 13 CLine 17 D~n

I

71 Which of the following could be used to replace the word "phenomenl>n" in line 2? A Factor 'I

B Occurrence C Development (I» Examination 81In line 20, the word "capital" is closest in meaning to A building materials B large city C financial resources D corporate structure

****.

PASSAGE

12

The Norwegian Goternment control. A new la1limits

is doing its best to keep the growth of the oil industry under exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long

coastline; productiorylimits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and

oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign I

workers. But the oil Industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Governmenj will be able to hold things back for long. As one Norwegian politician said last week: 'We -till soon be changed beyond all recognition'. Ever since the war, (he Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the IArctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great

I

deal of success: Trlrred and how typical it was. The net result is a row about the past and frustration on the part of both. A different and more successful method is the problem-solving approactil This insists that one

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still shows the low score but, rather than attempting to explain it, one describes what needs to be done differently II>achieve a higher score. The emphasis is on the future not the past; on a clear description ofllbe desirable behaviour, not the incompetent behaviour. The touchy or sensitive employee rjormally responds to this reasonably well. Nevertheless, there .re those who cannot, or will not, respond to good management. They may be unable to d~ the job due to not having the ability to learn ever-changing tasks fast enough. They may be distra