Objective First Workbook

Fashionmatters Vocabulary

"@rpusspot

Spellcheck

Think carefullywhen to use double consonants- theCombridge Leame,r Corpusshowsexarncandidatesoften mqkg mistakes with these.

1 ClothesShowLiveis a hugefashionexhibitionthat takesplaceeveryDecemberin Birmingham.Read this extractfrom the catalogueproofs.Checkthe spellingbeforeit goesto print!Anexampleis given. Thereareten moreerrorsto correct. r

Itlas impossible,tofind a oair in my size.. I'IOTlt was imposibte to find a pair in my size.

i

iiiil'd.3'iilffi[t6"rc* 'I

t:1.

EliteP mierM md,ehinq

Fora career ;nmsdelif,g: Youcouldbecome the nextsupermodel!

O

2 Correctthe spellingerrorsin thesesentences written by examcandidates.

ll

til

a b c d e f g h

You can immagine how excitedI was. There is a beautifull view from up there. The concertwas briliant This was only the beggining. According to the writter, it is expensive. They did not appologisefor this. I hope you werent dissapointed. Hapinessis the most important thing.

Express

Phrasal verbs

Getsome freeadvice 0nyourhairstile. Make-up demonstrations too.

3 Completethe followingsentences with phrasalverbs from the box in an appropriateform.

Cool Accessories

dressup get awaywith keep up with pull on put together smarten up stand out

Thebrightest andmostoutragous designer bags! Fantastic headgear too,including stylish capsandhats.

I go to at leastten big fashion showsa yeat just

lGeminif

foan askedme to paint the flat with her, so I an old sweatshirtand my tattiestpair of jeans.

Gemini makes beautifuljewelery fromcrystals and gemstones, including braclets, earings andpendants. Andit'slessexpensiv thanyoumight think!

to .......................

the latestdesigns. ...........

c Henry could wearingjeansin his lastjob, but now he has had to

$imilyleather Anexiting range ofleather clothing, fromcasual jackets tothesmartest suites. Watches, belts, bagsand sunglasses alsoavailable.

.....himself

Nigel...............

for the

party, but when he arrived, he really .....,as everyoneelsewas wearing casualclothes.

I I LoveBomb Unisex clubwear forthereally fashion-conscius, printsthatglowinthedarkl withdiferent abstract

Alice has

.....an amazing

outfit using recycledclothing and glassbeads.

Reading 4 Lookat the photo of a pair of jeans.How old do you think they are?Read the text quicklyto find out. for a tatty $25,000may sound excessive this picture in pair of ieans,but the ones are They Levi's. arenot an ordinarypair of pairs left. saidto be one of the two oldest Theyarecertainlythe mostexpensive! Discoveredlast year in an old coal mine in Colorado, they were initially sold for $10,000and then sold on again at a higherprice.ThenSethWeisserpaid evenmore for them.Co-ownerof a store appropriatelycalledWhat ComesAround Goa Around,he decidedto contactLevi's 'l in SanFrancisco. sentthem picturesof the jeansand they were delighted.They I think!' would havepaid$40,000, Levit has its own museum and LYnn Downey, the comPanYhistorian, said:

'I

knew this would be a treasure that everyonein the companywould want us to have,so Levi'sagreedto pay one of the highestsumseverfor a pair of old jeansl Apartfrom a holein theleft pocketand frayededgesat the bottom, the jeans are in remarkably good condition for their age.Ms DowneYwas ableto datethem Ui tit.it leatherpatch,which was added il il;, ;J the singleback pocket.A secondpocket was added in 1902.She the most importantreason said:'Perhaps wtry Lwit boughtthesejeansis that the companylost everythingin the 1906San Francisco earthquake and the first 50 yearsofour historywasdestroyedl

Now readthese statementsabout the text and saywhether they aretrue or false. a There are no other jeansas old as these. b SethWeisserpaid $10,000for the jeans. c Lynn Downey is an employeeof Levi's. d The jeansare made completely of one material. e The jeans have fewer pockets than ones made after 1902. f The Levi'scompanyis more than 100yearsold' 6

formsin the text. Underlinethe four superlative

7

Findwordsin the text that meanthe sameasa-f. a too much b common c suitably d pleased e worn out f surprisingly

Grammar Comparison usinga comparativeadjectiveand Makesentences any other wordsneeded.An exampleis given. a Cotton shirts/cheap/woollenones. Cottonshirtsare cheaperthan woollenones. ones. b Flat shoes/comfortable/high-heeled c |eans/casual/trousers. d Supermodels/thin/otherpeople. e Lily Cole/young/KateMoss. f New York/big/SanFrancisco. g |ogging/dangerous/bungee-jumping. h Clubbing/tiring/studying. usingthe structure Rewritethe followingsentences notas... asand the word in bold. a Last year the prices in this shop were lower. CHEAP

'n:':i: :n:::"::l":nTlT.;;: I think this exerciseis easy. DIFFICULT .........'....I This exerciseis .................... thought. Ben won the racebut Georgecamesecond. FAST Georgewas..................

Ben. "..............

FASHION MATTERS

Thevirtualworld

Listening 1 *lillE Youwill hearfive short extractsin which people aretalkingabout computergames.Forquestionsr-5, choosefrom the list (A-H)the job of eachperson. Usethe lettersonly once.Therearethreeextraletters whichyou do not needto use. A soldier

Speaker1

B software developer

Speaker2

C salesmanager

Speaker3

D psychologist

Speaker4

E graphic artist

Speaker5

flffiE Tlm,-Tl

r]mgt T_TW I-TffiI

F sportsperson G teacher H nanny* * someonewhose job is to look after a family's children while their parents are at work

Reading 2 Skimthis text about two children,Harryand George. Do they prefercomputergamesor boardgames? 3 Scanthe text for wordsor phrasesthat meanthe sameasa-h. a company b enjoy c breakingoff ..................... d finding solutions e luck f restrict c D

h

enthusiastic

toworkhard.at andVickySabotowskitry Richard with aswellasspend.time business, tneiiOesign lovers.themselves' Asgames sons. ifreirtwovoung awayt0 makethemostof it r .ouprunavetounO 'We playing appreciate theirtimeathome. always an brieflyintenupting saidVicky, il;.; asafamily,'

M*! !-,U e-of glo':' rr.itingbuttensesam -'-t-T - really such likegames

9 - Hany, 5,andGeorge, involve 4and6uessWho?,w.hich as Coinect - of aregames these Because ;;td; outproblems' . win- and people don'talways tntt.a, thecleverest us!' lovebeating thechildren b.utVicky gam-es' bothhavecomputer Thechildren 'We morefun' tryto games theyfindboard believes because limithowoftentheyplayonthecomputer theydtWhen if,rrr't n0socialinteraction' !9y a gameof butif wesuggest in.}lg.t boredeasily, keen' theyarealways .otntiningli(eConnect4 games area bitofa cop-out Tome,computer yourchildinfrontofwhileyou ,otrif,ingio plont< else'' goanddosomething 'With games'ou O'uYnu.n agreed. computer George Ir boring' get really they in* oniort o*n and games" board prefer Playing

Grammar Reviewof presenttenses 4 Matchthe sentencehalvesa-e and r-5' Thenfill each gap with a suitableverb in the presentsimpleor presentcontinuous. a A report published this week .....that manY b Parents board games c According to a lot of parents,children .....too much time in front of the TV d More and more Parents their children from going outside to PlaY .'...to be e Board games particularly attractive, educationaland social ........... I ....................... children' benefits to their ....'the whole 2 as they family in an enjoyableindoor activity' 3 instead of playing outdoors, which that they are lessfit nowadays. it is 4 becausethey ..................... dangerous. 5 that salesof board games at present. Completethe emailwith verbsfrom the box in an appropriateform.Sometimesa verb canbe usedmorethan once.Thereis an exampleat the beginning(0). forget hate keeP know like realise sound supPose understand wish :.:., :S-:Sti;o.',,,.,+;*'0,,:*i,,,*'J;*'i;;t:.,,,,:*rr;::.,:'i'tu:i;:,':,:"u:l',ittt:':ti";il:1"-'':tot;tl"::tt

,*q$. .r*n i& t Y B ? 6 n r e E i

: Dear Maya How areyou?I (0) ...fl4ffiAe... you'reworking hard for your ...I aml Although examsat the moment' t (1) ...to do nothing in the evenings' I normaily (2) this week the books are out every nightl lt's not easyto study' though.My little brother|ames(3) ...'.'.'.............. I haveto studybut he annoyingme.ffe (4) ...........................'.... to be quiet.I (6) '.....'.......... (5) ................................ it most when he playswith his computergames' to turn up the volumeand it fre (7) ................................ (8) ................................ appallinglWhen I askhim to turn it down I why.Honestly'sometimes he never(9) ................................ brother! mY he wasnt ( l0) ... ahost

Vocabulary 6 Completethis puzzleof wordsto do with games usingthe cluesbelow.Thecorrectnumberof letters is givento help you.Whatword appearsvertically? 1 Computer gameslook great now becausethey than five have much better yearsago. J, An exact coPYof something. is when you do 3 An.................... something exciting. 4 Who you plaY against. t Companiesoften bring out a newer of the samegame. 6 You use thesewhen you are fighting' 7 To work otttaPtzzle or Problem. 8 Gamesusually havevery good soirnd I ) 3 4 J

6 7

Choosethe right adjectiveto describethe peoplein a-e. Thereis one extra adjectivethat you do not need to use. aggressive anti-social demanding messy mindless soPhisticated Brian turns up the volume on his sound system at2 amand refusesto turn it down when the neighbours comPlain. Kenny has piles of papers on the floor and leaves old coffeecups and chocolatewrappers on his desk for days. Victoria is four yearsold and keepsasking her parentsto play with her, even when they are trying to work. d Judy often getsangry and her boyfriend saysshe can be violent. e Claude wears Armani suits and goesto the best nightclubs in town.

inYI 4el$.t$4t?' ITqf n}lgf iCt"ilst!13i'11lq'-515{:ry'p:i;{i?r{r'ir'

T H E V I R T U A LW O R L D

Goingplaces Vocabulary Travelquiz with 1 Completethe followingsentences a suitableword.Thecorrectnumberof lettersis givento helpyou. a I'd really like to go on a round the Greek islands. b The historic town centre was full of - - carrying guidebooksand cameras. from Dover to Calais

We took the - -

instead of the train through the tunnel. The -

- we borrowed on holiday had

red sails and enough spacefor two people. e I think

are more comfortable than campsites.

f There were quite a fewboats shelteringin the

making I dont always.....:......................... dinner in the evening so I often get

g On a ship, you sleepin a - h The

- - made all the arrangements

for our holiday. i Tomastook the early -

are 3 Decidewhetherthe3esentdnces formalor informal.lf they are informal, completethem with a phrasalverb from z.lf they areformal,complete them with an ordinaryverb or expressionfrom z. Makeany other changesneeded.

a takeaway. Coaches

- - and landed in Paris

...Manchester

every hour, on a daily basis. I dont know why you................................ your boyfriend - he behaveslike an

around 10.00am.

verbs Phrasal

idiot.

2 lnformalphrasalverbsoften havea moreformalequivalent.Match phrasalverbsin r-8 with the moreformalalternativeverbsa-h.

Steve Dorlt forget to................................ to remind him to bring some

1 to come across a person

a to be in the mood for

glassesto the party.

2 to get over an illness

b to tolerate

We were informed that the company

3 to put up with a situation

c to manageto see(a person or a place but not clearly)

chairmanwas................................ influenza,and was thereforeunable

4 to ring up a person

d to leave/departfor

to attendthe meeting.

5 to keep on doing something

e to telephone

6 to feel like doing something

f to recover from

7 to make out a person/thing

g to meet accidentally

8 to set offfor a place

h to continue

...to park your car outside my house,I'll have to If you

consider taking legal action.

Decidewhich of the followingarewritten and which arespokenformsof English,and whether they areformalor informal.

of location Prepositions 6 Completethe blog with suitableprepositions.

Lookat this examplefrom the Student'sBook: Youdon't have to socialiseif you don't want to' ANswER:Informal, sPokenEnglish. a This compartment is reservedfor non-smokers......................... b |ohn rang. Pleasering him back sometime tonight. Steve............-. c We would be delighted if You could attend our son'swedding on 16th June. I wonder if you'd mind verY much if I openedthe window?.......................... e You must be joking! t Can I help you, sir? g Out of order......................... h Pleasegive my love to your family. Best wishes,Liz .................... Can you give me a hand with mY things?

i OK,I'll be with you in a second.

My favourite Place a coralisland Thishasgot to be Sipadan, (1) ........................................ the eastcoastof Borneo.I stayed a little roomwith just a bed and a (2) ........................................ (3) nothing ..................... the wallsor wardrobe, floors.lt wasverysimple- everyoneatetogether (/t\ the terraceat the front ofthe the roadfromthe hotel (5) Just ................. . .................... building. isthe beach,whichis beautiful.Youcanwalk (6) the islandin abouthalfan hour .....,......................... althoughthereareverystrictrulesaboutwalkingj' certainpartsof the beachat 0) . .....,................. the turtleslaytheire99sin the sand. nightbecause hassomeof the mostamazingdiving Sipadan (R) the world.Youcanwalkout to sea you come(9) ..................... andafter200metres a coralwallwhichdropsa kilometrestraightdown oceanfloor, (10)........................................the

Grammar and permission necessity Obligation, with verbs 5 Completethe followingsentences form. suitable in a box from the haveto

let

must

need Permit

drive on the left' n In Britain you................................ 21 in b In somecountriesyou................................be order to drink in a bar. Im going to stay in bed tomorrow morning go to work. as I ................................ 'I you ...to get Your think really hair cut,' said Elizabeth'smother. me borrow her My sisterdidnt............ teenagers. clotheswhen we were ...get the bus home last f Peter night as the trains were on strike. g You ...have bought me a new watch for my birthday. My old one works perfectly well. ...in government offices h Smoking any more.

GOINGPTACES

Endangered Reading 1 Youaregoing to readan article about a zoo in the UnitedStates. Readthe articlequicklyto get an ideaof what it is about and then answerthesequestions.Don't worry too muchabout any words that you don't know. a Where do northern white rhinos normally live? b Where is the ScrippsResearch Institute? c Which animal has the researchteam had a success with? d How many deep-freezetanks are at the FrozenZoo? e How many northern white rhinos are still living?

Guessing unknownwords 2 In linesr4-r7 of the articleit says: They would be living specimens of one of the most endangered specieson Earth, who after a few months would be trotting into wildlifeparks ... Youmight neverhaveseen trotting before,but you can probablymakea guessasto its meaningif you think aboutwhat otherwordsmight alsofit there - for example,walking,moving, going, running, etc,

U N I T4

The inside of a metal box fllled vrnthIiqrud Scrippsteam of which Ben-Nunis a part. rutrogenand frozento -173'c (-280"F)is 'This is the tust time that therehas been hardly the ideal habitat for a largeAfrican something that we can do. If we could mammal.But,as a testtu^beis takenout of use animalsthat were"aheadydead to the containeramida cloudof white gas,a generatespermandeggs,thenwe canuse notewntten on its sidecan be seen.'This thoseindividualsto ffeate greatergenettc is a northemwhite rhino,' saysresearch diversity,'l,oringsays. scientistInbar Ben-Nunas she readsout Loring'slab at Scnppsholdssamplesfiom ss the ]abe]. the northem white rhino and the drill Ben-Nunis holdingno ordinaryscientific monkey,but the realFrozenZoo,headedby sample.Forthefrozencellsin that testtube Dr OliverRyder,just a few milesaway,is on couid one day give rise to baby northem a much largerscale.Housedin a building white rhinos and help save the species. insideSanDiegfoZoo,its freezerscontain They would be livtng specimensof one samplesfrom 8,400animals,representing 75 of the most endangered specieson Earth, morethan 800species.TheyincludeGobi who after a few monthswould be fiotting bears,endangeredcattle breedssuch as into wildlife parks,and maybe,just maybe, gaurs and bantengs, mountain gorillas, helpingrepopulatetheir kind on theAfrican pandas, a Califomia Wey whale and os grasslands.No wonder that the place condors. Theentiregiganticcollectionis in where the samplecameftom is ca_lIed the fow deep-freeze tanks. FrozenZoo. I/y'henit comesto speciesstill on the brink, The FrozenZoo was foundedn 1972at Ryderis insistentthat we havea duty to SanDego Zoo'sInstitutefor Conservation save them and that the Frozen Zoo can Researchas a place to keen samolesof play al important role Especially close zr skin from rare and endanglredspecies. to Ryder'sheartis one of the speciesthat At the time tlat the fust sampleswere Loring u working on: the northem white collectedand put into deepfreezeit was rhino. There are just eight of the animals not reallylcror.mhow they would be used left a-liveon Earth. To put it bluntly: the z5 and genetlctechnologywas in its nfancy. norlhemwhite rhino'sgenepool is more But therewas a sensethat one day some acflrratelya rapidlydryrng-upgenepuddle. unlinorarnscientific advancemight male But, i{ Loring'swork succeedsin creating use of them.Now thanksto a team at the northem white rhino stem cells and then nearbyScnppsResearch hstitute,that day tumlng them into sperm and eggs,that genepoolcanbe deepened has comea lot closer. agaln. gs Geneticscientistsat Scripps,working fiom Rydermakesno seffet of how emotionally a businesspark in San Diego'snorthem attachedhe is to savingthe northemwhite subwbs,havesucceeded in takrrgsamples rhino while there are still iiving animals, of sklncellsfromthe FrozenZooandturning ratherthan just revivingsomelaterentirely as theminto a cultureof specialcellsknownas froma test tu-beHe recallswrbressingthe stemcellsandthesecouldbe usedto bring birth of a femalenorthemwhite rhino more to lifelong-deadanimalswhosespeciesare than 20 years ago and watching it being almost extinct. The breakttrough, so far, inuoducedto its herd.'l saw her meetthe has comewlth qeating stem cellsfor the rest of the rhino herd. There was a clear silver-maneddnll monkey,AJrica's most senseof how to meet the babv If we walt as endangeredmonkey. until thereareno white rhinosandthen one 'The ftozen Zoo was a wonderfirlidea,' is createdftom a test tube,to whom arewe saysDr JeanneLoring who is leadrngthe goingto infioduceit?' he says.

need Decidewhat thesewordsfrom the articlemean'Youdon't aresome to know exactly- just get an ideaof the meaning'There cluesin bracketsto helPYou. a to repopulate(what is population?)(line 18) """"""" ""' b infancy (what is an infant?) (line 29) c extinct (line 42) d breakthrough (think of the word as break and through) (line 42) generate(line 52) .........-.-........ to e f housed(fromhouse) (line 59) .................. g tanks (what do you put il a petrol tank?) (line 67) (linti eg) h brink (what is thebrink of destruction?) is a i puddle (the word it is comparedwith is pool what

Grammar as and like 5 Decidewhether to useos or like in the followingsentences. a He cant ride a horse well I can. holidays activity prefers b Susanna sailing or walking. c Your sister looks

you' d i cameto schoolthe samewaYtodaY .I did lastweek.

a He dressedup ......................................... the for policeman PartY. Sheused to work at the universitY a zoology

pool?)(line77) (line 86) j witnessing(whatis a witness?')

Listening talking 4 Sifu Vo, will heara zoo keepercalledHelenaTomkins, with sentences about her work. Forquestionsr-ro, completethe a word or short Phrase. Working in a zoo Helena was alwayskeen on looking at (1) """""""'

Compoundadjectives

when shewas Young.

6 Matchthe adjectivesin the first column with thosein the secondcolumn'

The subjectHelena studied at university was (2) .................... Helena currently looks after the (3)

"""""""""'at

her zoo. Helena doesnt enjoy working in the (4) """" """"" Helena'sjob in the morning is to preparethe /5) \v,

......'........'..............""'

for the animals'

In summer, Helena gives (6) twice a week Helena once had her (7) '

to the visitors bitten bY an

animal.

dutYcrosslongabsenthandfirstsecondselfright-

catering free handed minded distance made hand class eYed

7 Whichof the comPoundadjectives abovecollocatewith the following a

..'......'...............-..."'

Helena sometimesfinds that some (9) who visit the zoo can be quite annoying' Helena is hoping to visit (10) .........."""" near future.

a b c d e f g h i

nouns?

Helena saysthat keepersneed to catry a (R\ with them at work' \v,

lecturer. g I enjoygoingcamPingwhenit's in fulY' warm,

' in the

leather bag journey car

b c Person d bottle of e a/an ............................. perfume ticket ................... f alan holidaY g alan

ENDANGERED

Mixedemotions Dew Sv, tU and" I,taok an Ocenn C*uwe VtoUdaar^lth gou ta,:L montlt; :e whLchw*s (f) ........ ..... . I arn thetelore wri/iing " Lo ask lor (2) .. ....

Vocabulary 1 Completethe letter of complaintwith wordsfrom the box.Therearethree extra words you do not need to use. compensation conditions delighted disaster dreadful earlier impossible meant next opposite refund spend stiff surprised thought worse worried unhelpful

FvstL4, the lood. was (3) ............... . tn +^r*, rn1 h. a"U a{k-r we s?h cft. We beilave thb wo,s W :e Y bectttse ol the break{asL she haA, ea-l*x on board. (4) .. ............ wlaL daU. He* heaJle*'t goL (5) -.*..;,: dw4g the t:r4 buhthi ;h,rp'e dac-Lol uw (6) ..'...........'. I was qui}i'','|' ,""',.,,,,: ,,:,1,' \r (7) ............ and. thLs ruixv)" the vtl for me. Seronil4, our cnbtn was tn an ex*emel4 noLsgpart ol lhe shh, *s lL was (8) ......... ... the dLsa. As ng wt(e lay sirk rx bed,, she was (9) ... ..... more lhan onc*, by dxunken d.anccrs nrho (10) our cabol was lhe nearesb Lod*),. ln Urle exd,, mU wrfe Loc*d"'the daor. .fhb (11) .... ..... . .. th6L I auti. no| ge*,rnto mg oNyr cAbtxt l.^*e one evexing 6r'd. h6-d"to (12) the niAhLtx *te bat.

Grammar Reviewof pasttenses 2 Completethis table of pasttenseforms. It includesboth regularand irregularverbs.

blow find grab hold keep realise shake

sink try WAVC

U N I T5

bLeh)

blpwn

3 Fillthe gapsusingthe verbsin bracketsin the correcttense. (SgeJthe ciiff:at]dado!: . ,1, , ,,IJ1;tig11,1Eafry,,(,1),,t;";;,'.................,.,.,..,,,., him,he(2)..................-, (know)thathe (3) .... .....(take)the wrongroad.He (4) .. . .-.... (try)to stopthe car but nothing (5).'.'...:.'..'.'.'.....':':-.....'.....'(happen).He(6) rigid with fear as he (7) ............. (interfere)withtftabiqkls ,,, ',, S ne,(S),,-,;,11..,;.."................... Now chooseone of thesethreeendingsto completethe story.Lookup any wordsyou don't understandin your in full, adding dictionary.Writeout the final sentences suitablewordsof your own. a cliff was getting nearer and nearer/threw himself out of window/car went over cliff b swervedinto field on left/noticed largestpile of hay ever/droveinto haystack/survived c went to pieces/screamingand shouting/carwent over cliffllanded 200 metresbelow/burst into flames/Harry?

Reading 4 Lookat questionsr-ro. Thenreadthe sixshorttexts (A-F) and answerthe questions.Thepeoplemay be chosenmore than once. Which person

spent a night worrying about a relative?

f:1;.t-_l t"rI_-l t.$]--l

believesthey are lucky to be alive?

m-_l

witnessedthe theft of something valuable?

[EI__l

forgot to follow a safetymeasure? describesa misunderstanding?

looked after someonewho was injured?

m--l m-l

found employtnentduring their trip?

IiF:T-l

describestheir lack offear?

m__1

wanted to take up something new?

NFJ--I

describesan incident underground?

W

been hod we. oftsnoon' ogo'One twoyeors io.Germony ofuswent Agroup throuql tent to,the bock strolling wewere ond tt lgn:t' toofo[,toswim oflight ftosh 0 w's Suddenlythere roining. ilutitwosn't ilffiil;l;tk violenrly,ond ofusshook nffiirrtJorh;;gil infront uno,*o$ ondihi, ponic' Itwos obsolute in fled ond ruined We rtortrliotoiilnourdireclion. find to bock went we When bog' her dropped hod Jenny escope. onouo*

hove soeosilv could Ihot iunk' tt''tree fl;i-dt'nuoth

Irlrl,l;;ilil

Itwos before midnight when [ust thedoorbell rong. /ilydod 'nswered ond there wos 0pticemon stonding there.,He soid hehod.somg bod news ond osked to rgTril He,told usthot mybrother wos tropped imide 0corle upinvo*rrirt wittr ofriend ofhis. Ihere hod been rorrnolly heovy roin ono rnecove wos in dongerof flooding *d ihere wos'rinre hoie'rttirrlrg'f*iri'i,r,rirr. 19 None ofusslept otolf,woiting forftephone toringH.wwei ;; ;;id,;;;,

wov '**al''i'p*i #i;;il; illllf,il| T'#il h';,t#-1tr;,1onother

-

when fiomonywhere' miles rood' * tbtt thismountoin

tf litt,ift;l ;;l therood' 0troil 0cr0$ wec0me !lT-['1^T]t'.]' t'n t1; below metres

o-bout,ten Hilffi-ffi;ti.,ltrtrit-p'rvon offthe swerved obvioustv l*it',,git[;ff'hhod l:i'il,-'il1iu,;t. towords bockrp .ylo*if

*onwoiclimbing the,*' n We$opped rood. h hospitol' totutehim ttrered bl;il,';;;; it coirered llewos therood. obout osking hestorted 0ff,wifihimlv'd;i;;;tk seot' k wedrove

':" ;i:[:1Hlrff fi#l}i';#,ls'ffiH'ffi - olthou$ hewos eventuollv rit *ot il:l'Iffi;;;;k i;,inl'o tolndio' overlond *otrt*rring ffiil#il;viirtri, -'a'irttv Myfiiend Louren ond Iwere trovelling inAustrolio. We'd both finished school thotsummer ond were hoving oyeor offbefore univenity. Wewere oble tofindcozuolwork oswemoved oround thecountry, doing woitresing moinly. Weended upinthisfiny resori onfieWe$ wtrere coost, they hod odiving school. lhotwos mychoke becouse l'dolwoys wonted toleorn. Anywoy, there we were, miles from onywhere, ond working inthediving school office primory wos mybe$friend from schooll lo$touch when Wehod rrrle were eight osthey hod moved 0w0y, toAustrolio ositfurned out.ltwmobsolutely fontostic cotching upwithher.

ono Sweden wosin she when romymother ^ffiffi; 'h':li1g^]11.:i otoY1d' *o'ttou'fiing She forwork. tour lectute ::y,, on'ii1 morning' her i'*' i' *"t euch ' li,il''l'*'s,iii'lii ffi:i:J:il ollobit ltwos up' turned thet, ffil#iffi;r"iutt,rt"rting;uiwhen il wos p]'t'Aupoititftott'thinking rftitp*ootn opporently. oforush theperson thelectue' ofter loter' much 'coune went' ;;;;;;, ,jilil ;;dt{f'thev l 'ln mvmum's wosn't

of it ii But ffiiftri'ytti n'i'ttttt herlortuytelv' meetins thtpenon, il; #; th';;"fitu.ronstiio I verv wos it:iqttllllTlsuv number phone til i;;tdo*nma ! mix*rp the

exploined t'i*ond t'il'i'iiiitv,JrrtJ iJilrJ,i

When hotel' inoluxury $oying tripinobigcityond onobusines t wos my, to.lock me worned had onreceplion in,thepeople l'dchecked mv slipped completelv it.hod night ;;r;;;;,di;t tf,i;;; fonicutor inblock thisfigure seeing ond upinbed woking ,i*rmber *irO.i iri"n thing $ronge itre honds' his in r*riitg;tti-;, -itnU mylewellery I wos notia didn't he Thonkfully, otthetime' irlt'oti*o*'t ttightened woiling sfilfcolmlv lo'lobsolutelv ond ;trt ogoin *;k;;;i;;il;y number hotel emergency phoned the I frti'-j* ftttt. V{d dedid, onyone' cought never butthey immediotely, E M O T I ON 5

What if? oo

Listening t

*ISEEYouwill hearpeopletalking in sixdifferent situations.Forquestionsr-6, choosethe bestanswer (A,B or C). I You hear a man telling a woman about a new musical. What impressedhim most? A the main performers B the storyline C the music You hear a woman talking about a hotel. What disappointedher about it? A the prices that are chargedthere B the reality that only celebritiesstay there C the fact that something was not genuine there You hear a girl and a boy talking about being famous.What doesthe girl think would be difficult? A having too much money B being followed everywhere C treating friends differently You hear an interview about swimwear.Where is the interview taking place? A in a clothes shop B at an exhibition C on a beach You hear a woman talking on the phone. What sort ofperson is she? A unhappy B impractical C disloyal 6 You overheara man calling a hotel. He wants to A alter a room reservation. B cancela booking for dinner. C enquire about a specialoffer.

Grammar with if andunless Conditionals with 2 Completethe followingconditiorialsentences the correctform ofthe verb in brackets. ..(buy) a lottery ticket that morning, his life wouldnt have changed. If he.................

(claim) the

Unlesssomeone

prizeby 11 pm, the money will be put into the good causesfund. Would you talk to the pressif they (offer) you f 10,000? (phone), say I'll be

If anyone back at ten thirty. Would you mind if we just (grab) a sandwich for lunch? Ifyou

(be) so hard on het

she wouldn't have burst into tears like that.

g I'd suggestmeeting up with Danny tonight if he (be) so unreliable. h I wouldnt be surprisedif we (end up) in a ditch, the way you're driving!

put theseadverbsof frequencyin the correctplacein eachsentence. a Lottery winners find it difficult to sleepafter they have heard b c d e f

the news. (usuallY) I have time to read long novels thesedays' (rarely) Peopleare telling me to stoPworking so hard' (always) Before the storm, I worried about those trees near the house' (never) Now if it's windy,I'm worried that they'll fall on us' (often) What's happenedto |ohn? He'shere by this time' (normally)

completethe secondsentenceso that it hasa similarmeaningto the first sentence,usingthe word given.Do not changethe word given.Youmust usebetweentwo and five words,includingthe word given. I Unlessyou leavenow, you ll miss the train' IF You ll miss the train

""' now'

If I'd known about the music competition, I'd have requestedan audition. IMPOSSIBLE .....anaudition, as I didnt know It was about the music comPetition. Give me your address,as I might visit Barcelona' CASE visit Barcelona. I always watch the late-night news on TV. the late-night news on TV Georgedidn't get much sleeplast night as usual' HARDLY ""' as usual' Last night, George Her parentswere travelling in the desert so they couldnl follow the news. KEEP Her parentswere travelling in the desert so they werent the news.

The teensuperstarstill seemsthrilled with her celebritystatus. ENJOY 1o............""""" """"""a still seems Theteensuperstar celebrity. of global because wildlife abovethe Arctic circle is endangered warming. IN WildlifeabovetheArctic Circleis.'.""""""""""' globalwarming.

Vocabulary 5 Lookat thesesetsof words.Which is the odd one out and whY?SaYwhat part of speecheachset is. a celebritY fame talent star b give win gain receive c shock misunderstanding delight Panic d anxious tense irritated nervous e deal with look after work out keeP awaY f generally rarelY usuallY normallv

Writing 6 Thewords in thesesentencesare jumbled.Putthem in the correct orderand add Punctuation. Sometimesthereis morethan one correctanswer. , theatre I go often there isnt to town one my dont the verY in because b use I phone could Your Please c lovely dressbought her a silk yesterdayblue I d be keen never to Alan on swimming used e members few were a of students quite the audience f I eat Italian in would New York food I when lived g quietly watched Pulled theY down old cinema as crowd the the h askedmoney him the if man he give him somecould i does not also bananasAlison only like she keen aPPleson is j been horrified life never I so mY in have

"""""to

WHAT IF?

Life'stoo short Reading 1 Youaregoing to reada newspaperarticleabout a manwho went diving in an ice-covered lake. Sixsentenceshavebeenremovedfrom the article. Choosefrom the sentences A-G the one whichfits eachgap (r-6).Thereis one extrasentencewhichyou do not needto use.

IceDivin Nicholas Roe has a go at ice diving in the French Pyrenees. Right up to the moment when I plunge through the ice into the freezing waters of a mountain lake high in the French Pyreneesmy day has been quite normal. I enjoyed breakfast at my hotel in the little ski resort of Saint-Lary. Then came a fine walk in the snow. What exactlymade me book an ice-dive? Driving to nearby Piau-Engalyalong winding roads,I strugglefor an answe! climbing eventuallyonto a snowmobile for the final five-minutebounce acrossthe ski slopes to the meeting place. f{*J----l Except for my guide, Nicolas Chapelle,who asksme if I really want to do this. Against my better judgement, I say,oYes'. I pick up a big iron bar and help him make a hole in the ice. I=T---] Deep in my stomach a bitter cotd e*pands?1G sfiht oi that irowing two-merre hole. Chapelle asks me to take off all my clotheg except for my underwear, and put on a big rubber suit. I feel a bit concerned.In theory anyonecan do this - divers,nondivers,evennon-swimmers.Yet standingby that ice hole, it seemssuddenlylesseasy. I squeezeinto the rubber gear like meat into a thickskinned sausage,then put on the air tank, glancing over at ski runs full of bright figures rushing past. It's minus five out here, the water only sevendegreesmore.

A The lake surface slowly breaks up into chunks big enough to fill a world-beating cold drink, the rim of black water growing with each smash.

B I find myself now sitting on the ice,staring in disbelief at my flippered feet hanging in the lake water.

c

This turns out to be my own breath collecting in mobile puddles,trapped, as I am trapped.

D I pause occasionally on the way to watch the skiers go past the lake.

Oh heavens.trffi;J----l Chapelle says: 'Relax, but stay strong. You'll be fine.' Yes,but .. . oh, he's gone in. Masked up and ready, his goggled-eyedface looking out abovethe lake surface,he signalsme to folto*. lffif__-l Water cold enough to kill if not for my suit. And it feels ... ah, this curious sensation.I am not cold, not warm. I hover in the water,staring at the blue sunlight shining through the ice.lighting up the water. Above me. the unbelievableroof of ite, marked now with a strange black fluid. Fffiil-_--l But I feel free; amazed,too. I am contained by water, coveredby thick ice in a clear spacewith fish swimming - I see them, they re right here - while in the distance a mountain stream runs into the farthest end of the lake. I feel as if I'm in space;as if I'm swimming in a huge building. Chapellewon'tlet goof myairtank. [ffi*J---lHowever, it leavesme with a senseof annoyancebecauseI want to twist and turn andenjoythis strangeenvironment.Perhaps it's aswell, then,that he steersmegentlyhere,whereI follow the fish for minutes; and herg where I stare back up at our escapehole and wonderat the bluenessof the world. Now we are heading back towards the light, breaking the surfacewheresomeonepulls me out. I am standing on ice, staring back into the water,barely able to believe that this is whereI havebeen.And I can think about this for years.Which is, I now realise,why I came.

E There I find a fenced lake, a metal hut and nothing e1se.

F This is irritating but possibly safer. G I'm afraid of looking afraid, so I plunge head-first, almost bashing Chapellein the face,and together we sink, the water taking us down, down.

Grammar

Writing

t andinfinitives Gerunds

4

Readthis report and add the necessarypunctuation. full stops (.), You will need to put in CAPITALLETTERS, commas (,)and apostrophes(').You must also decide

arecorrect.lf not, 2 Decideif the followingsentences changes. makethe necessary

how many paragraphsand headingsare needed.

a |enny suggestedto go to the party in a taxi. b I look forward to hear from you in the near future.

report on the regional collegefootball competition held on 3rd may venue thrs year the competition was held at highworth college this was an excellent choice of venue as there are six football pitches available all in excellent condition the competition all the teams in . the competition were very experienced and played to a good level this provided excellent entertainment for the spectatorsthe matches got offto a slow start mainly becauseof the 6ad weather it rained heavily throughout the morning but this cleared up after lunch then there were a few incidents where the referees decision was questioned but generally the matches were all played in a positive way with good team spirit the result the two finalists were ih"db,tty *uttot college and fulbrook high the final score was 2-0 to chedbury and it was a sood win for them their striktr was particularly impressiue and could perhaps even be considered foia professionalclub if he wanted to take that route all In ill" ut verv eood daYssport

c I dont mind to do it. d I'm interestedlearn Spanish. e My brother wants to go to lapan. f I'll help you with your homework when I finish to write my letter. g I am usedto do the washing-up. h Let me make the tea. i The children were made to get out of bed. j I'm going to town for buy a new jumper. k I object to pay to park my car. I I cant afford to lending you any more money. m My sister'stoo small to be a police officer.

Vocabulary 3 Completethe followingsentencesby choosingthe correctword. a I dont think my team will ever win / beot the - they are completely nationalchampionships useless. b The score at the end of the first half of the football match was 3- zero I nil. c Somefootballplayersthink the refereeI umpireis an idiot. d The basketballteam hasiust had a new pitchlcourt built. e I got my father a new set of golf clubsI rockets for his birthday. f Most professionaltennis playersgive/ toke up the sport when they reachtheir mid-thirties. g The FormulaI driver completed30 IengthsI lopsof the track before he had to retire with enginetrouble.

thisemailfromKim,an English5 Youhavereceived speakingfriend,who is comingto studyat your college. .

i

.

C

+

I start studyingat your collegenext term. Could you give me any adviceabout the sportsfacilities,both at the collegeand in the town? I'm really interestedin swimming and I'd like to do a team sport aswell. Is there anythingelseabout sport at the collegeI shouldknow? Thanks, Kim

Write your email in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. Things to think about o Do you need any specialvocabulary? o Which facilities are you going to talk about - in generaland in particular? o What team sportsareyou going to mention? o What are the instructors like? o An1'thing extra you should add? o Rememberto punctuateyour email!

LIFE'S

Listening t

-q|9UYouwill hearfive short extractsin which people aretalkingabout the job they wantedto do when they wereyoung.Forquestionsr-5, choosefrom the list (A-H)what eachspeakersays.Usethe lettersonly once.Therearethreeextraletterswhichyou do not needto use. A chef

Speaker 1

l---Tm

Adverb*adjective collocations

B teacher

Speaker 2

[-m

C singer

Speaker 3

[--TmH

3 In the Readingtext on page54 of the Studentt Book the writer describesher houseasa'perfectlyhideous pink colourlWhichof the adverbsin A collocatewith

D detective

Speaker 4

llm

E zoo keeper

Speaker s

|-lm

F novelist

in B? theadjectives A highly deeply

G astronaut

B

H psychologist

praised amusing

disappointed serious

reasonable

Completethe followingsentences usingthe correct collocationfrom above.

Vocabulary Verbcollocations 2 Completethe followingsentences with the correct form ofthe verbsfrom the box.Someverbscanbe usedmorethan once. break do

happy ashamed

perfectly

have keep spend taste

.....when he |ohn was failed to win the motorbike race. Somepeople find his jokes Unfortunately I dont. Although my hotel was rather

My new car....................

25 km to the

expensive,I decided that the prices were

litre. a bit funny -

This cheese when did you buy it?

.....,consideringthe excellentserviceI received. I found it hard to believe,but my sisterwas

Peoplealwaysseemto

when she told me she

a fortune when they go on holiday.

was going to join the navy.

I .......................... loadsof campingholidays

His latest play has been

when I was young.

by the critics.

I usedto enjoy....-..

time at my ...........

local zoo. His speechwas so boring it was all I could do to awake.

promise.

U N I T8

his ...................

of my behaviour

last night and am writing to you to apologise. I dont know why the baby started crying - he seemed

My father said he would lend me his car at the weekend,but he

I am................

him to bed.

when I put .....

Definitions 4 Matchthesewordsfrom the Readingtext in the Studentt Bookwith the definitionsbelow. broom t

b c d e

t g D

critical

decent feast hideous landmark

sensible

A largeamount of deliciousfood. ............... Something that tells you where you are. Used to describecomments which are negative Good, worthy. Usedto describesomeonewho showsgood judgement. Used to describesomeoneor something which is very ugly. Somethingyou useto cleanwith. ...............

Grammar usedfo and would 5 Readthroughthe followingarticleand decidewhich of the followingwould be suitableusedto,wouldor the pastsimple.Thereis sometimesmorethan one possibility.

New research shows that the introductionof laboursavinggadgetshas meantthat men and womentake a thindless exercisetodaythan they (1) [doJa genenation (2) ago. Scientists ................. ..[find]that pnactically everysphere of life has been influenced by the developmentof labour-savingdevices which haveied to us puttingon weight.They (3)...................... [discover]thatusinga cordlessphoneat home cut down walkingin the home by ten milesa year.Other companative indicators(4)...................... [includeJthe amount of energyused in makinga bed with a duvetand one with blanketsand sheets. A housewifein the 195Os (s) [spend]abouttwo hoursa weekand

(6)...................... {useJup 3OOcaloriesmore than a persondoes nowadays. ErnestShaw,69, (7)...................... [confirm] how hard it (s) ................. ^.[be]to run a 'Thejobs (9) home in rhe 195Os, ...................... ftakeJmuch more effott. The neanestshops (10)................... [beJa quantenof a mile away and my wife (rl) ................... [walk] bags. with heavy down laden there and back, fbel no suoermankets. I here (12) You(r3) [visitJthegreengrocen scientists - ' _ - the - - butcher'.'The the dairv , and (14)................... [estimateJthata shopperin the 195Os would havespent aboutten hounsand 2,3OO caloriesa weekwalkingfrom shop to shop.

GROWING

Thehardsell Reading 1 Readthe articlebelow,ignoringthe missing How is the food industryfailingshoppers? sentences.

t1

1\....

What do they really mear.? ood manufacturersand retailershave been letting shoppersdown. This is the view of the CWS*,whose report looks at the languageof

hides the fact that it contains 10% fal, which is above 'free from recommendedlevels.Phrasessuch as preservatives'make a virtue out of a normal attribute

food packaging.

of tooa.

According to the report, shoppersbelieve food labels becausethey think there are strict regulations in place. So the food industry can get away with all f t]--l Iil, or..rn'tlttg strategiesto make products look bigger

Labelshave a wide variety of text sizeson them' You sometimesneeda magnif-vingglassto read the small

and sound betterthan they are.

print.lll-l I

Another deliberatetype of misinformationlies in the image.Many pictureson packetsusesmall platesto make the product look biqser.l-5T---l

The report has identified the different ways in which Descriptionson shoooersare misled. ftT---l i*-.*rate in an attemPt to pu.t ugir',gur" ro-"tiili oversell the product. One example given in the report is 'haddock fillets', used for a product that the phrase is in fact cut from big blocksof fish ratherthan

llowever, misleading messageson packaging could soon be a thing of the past. The CWS recently produced a code**which, if used,would end the current The minister for inaccuraciesand half tt"tt'tt. I OT--l very serious receive consumer affairs saysthe code'will

individual filtets.

consideration'.

'traditional','wholesome' Ig { lTheseinclude 'pr.""ri"",'. The claim that a brand is '90"hfat-free' "t

* Co-operativeWholesaleSocietY ** a setof rules

A-G the one whichfits eachgap (t-6). Choosefrom the sentences Thereis one extrasentencewhichyou do not needto use.

A Meaninglessadjectivesare often used to give a

D

emphasis.

positivemessage. It has called on the government to support it, as a way of improving food standards.

c

This verdict has not pleasedthe food industry.

By contrast, the hard sell information is given

E F

The rules are, in reality, very weak at present. Photographs are sometimes retouched to achieve the

G

same effect. The most coilunon of these is poor labelling.

A-G. Findthesewordsin the gappedarticleand sentences b three phrasal verbs a four nouns to do with law

; i

Grammar anddeduction Speculation 4 Completethe following sentenceswith must,might or could(both are possible),con'tor couldn't(both are sometimespossible). a This PossiblYbe the new Coca-Cola advert, though why on earth are they using polar bears? The ad for the Pentiumchip ............... be the best of the year.The way they manage to make a comPuter chip appearinteresting is inspired! Here'san ad that showsa picture of 30 different puddings.I1........................ just be advertising desserts,surelY? d Do you remember that ad for a fizzy drink? It havebeen very successful,as they had to withdraw it almost immediately. ....bevery Thoseadsfor iPads......'....'.'. the hits on many successful.They've had so internet! Product placement on TV shows be more effectivethan actual commercials.It dependson how many people are watching at the time, I suPPose.

5 Completethe secondsentencesothat it hasa similar meaningto the first sentence,usingthe word given. Do not changethis word. Youmust usebetweentwo and five words,includingthe word given. I I'm not sure,but I think a friend of mine did that voice-over for chewing gum. MIGHT That voice-over for chewing gum a friend of mine, but I'm not sure. Adam cant wait to go snowboarding next week. FORWARD Adam'sreally .............. snowboarding next week. What is your unclet job? FOR a living? What Before we start to plan the film shoot, we must agreethe budget. DOWN .....the film Beforewe get budget. the agree shoot, we must

I'm sure RafaelNadal earned a lot for that car advert. BEEN .....a lot for RafaelNadal advert. that car Their last commercial failed to convince viewers about the brand. MESSAGE Their last commercialdidnt succeed acrossto uewers about the brand. The candidatecouldnt register for the election becausehe missedthe deadline. ABLE If the candidatehadnt missedthe deadline,he .....registerfor the election. I was really impressedby the imagesin the advert. MADE The imagesin the advert reallY

Vocabulary Collocations 6 With which of the followingwordsand phrasescan you usethe adjectivebroad?Whichadjectivesgo Whenyou with the remainingwordsand phrases? different the study to dictionary havedecided,usea usesof theseadjectivesand broad. a range of beliefs

e smile of welcome

b shoulders

f feeling of guilt

c sigh

g variety ofproducts

d Scottish accent

h breath

Completethe followingdefinitionswith wordsabout advertising. is a short song or ................. a A ................. tune used in TV commercials. is a short phrase ................. b A . .......... about a product that is easyto remember. for a Projectis the ..... c The amount of money availablefor it.

d A.........................

is a type of product

made by a particular comPany.

THE HARDSELL

Thefinal frontier Vocabulary 1 Forquestionsr-8, readthe articlebelowand decidewhich answer(A,4 C or D) bestfits eachgap. Thereis an exampleat the beginning(0). Example: 0 A predicting Answer: A

B imagining

C believing

D intending

---r----lif!=gff Soacefourism:-w-e-hoyg

---l-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

r

-

-

i

r

r

-

-

-

-

-

-

J

-

-

r

r

-

_

_

_

-

-

r

_

-

-

Peopleore (0) thotspocetourism couldbe o $ZOOmindustry by 2020. Thousonds of poying possengers o yeor couldbe flownos for os zero (l) ................ grovityond bock,for themosfthrilling of theirlives.Tickets ore on solenow ot o (2) SirRichord Bronson, $200,000,fromthebillionoire whoseVirginGolocticcomponyhosbig plonsfor its six-possenger spocecroft. In themeontime, o growing(f) .................. of other business peopleore ioiningthespoceroce, (4) ................... for thefirsttimethottheremightoctuolly be somemoneyto be mode.VirginGoloctichos from olreody(5) ................... oround$45m in deposits peoplewontingto hovelintosub-orbitol spoce.Why to do this?One commonreosongivenis thotpeoplewontto feelthe (7) .................. ore theyso (6) ................... of zerogrovity,ond monyolsosoythottheywouldliketo (8) . . ...... thecurveof theEorthfromobove.

r A lift 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

A A A A A A A

pure amount advised taken causes view

B B B B B B B B

sail mere sum influenced kept impatient events look

C C C C C C C C

flight bare figure convinced borne irritated issues gaze

D D D D D D D D

drive pale number impressed held impossible effects watch

Forma phrasewith at to completesentences a-f. I wasnt very interestedin sciencefiction, but now I love it. ................................:............... in this film - the role is perfectfor him. GeorgeClooneyis ................................................ If you'rein need of help, dont hesitateto call me................................................, OK? she saysshe does! Jessieknows a lot about spaceexploration The two countrieshavebeen................ attend peacetalks. f Heavy rain over the last two dayshas raised the river level and puts the village seriousflooding.

a b c d e

U N I T1 O

of ...................

r

Listening

Grammar

s i$i,fu Youwill hear an interview with a science-fiction writer calledJedStevens.Forquestionsr-z choose the best answer(AuB or C).

Reviewof futuretenses

I According to |ed, the best period of your life to start writing sciencefiction is A in your teenageyears. B when retired from work. C as a young adult. 2 How did Ied becomeinterestedin sciencefiction? A by reading comics B by watching television C by listening to radio broadcasts 3 What has proved especiallyuseful to Jed's writing career? A his background in computer programming

4 Makepredictionsabout the future usingthesenotes. Usethe rangeof future structurescoveredin Unit ro. An exampleis given. near future/scientists/work on moon. In the nearfuture, scientistswill be working on the moon. a 20 yearslmannedspacecraft/landon Mars.

22nd century/launch starships/destination/other galaxies.

Soon/peopletravel to low orbit/Europe to New Zealand only an hour. Nowwrite threemorepredictionsof your own.

B his experienceof living in different places C his contactsin the scientific communitv 4 Jed'sfirst published work was A a novel. B an article. C a set ofshort stories. 5 What is the main attraction of writing sciencefiction for Jednow? A the ability to make a good living B the opportunity to work on film versions C the chanceto explore new ideasabout society 6 According to |ed, how has science-fiction writing changedin the last 30 years? A It has increasedsignificantly in quality. ' B Novels have been reduced in length. C It is now basedmore on technology. 7 |ed predicts that in 50 years'time, A manned spacecraftwill have travelled beyond the solar system. B governmentswill have stopped investing in exploration. C people will have been forced to find water

Writing 5 Readthe advertbelow.Writea paragraphon this forthcomingevent,usingsuitablefuture tensesand otherwordsfrom this unit.

ffi$ffiws%ffiffiffiffi

S P A C ET: H EF U T U R E

at ElwoodCollegeof Technology, Conference Australia Melbourne, 2020 10-12 January Guest speakers: o science-fiction writerJohnT.Price o leadingscientist PaulRhodes Professor include: Topicsfor discussion . beam-up technology . moonsettlements o howto contactaliens

elsewhere.

T H E F I N A LF R O N T I E R

Likemother likedaughter

Vocabulary Wordformation 1 Readthe shortarticlebelow.Usethe word given in capitalsat the end of someof the linesto form a word that fits in the gap in the sameline.Thereis an exampleat the beginning(0).

How to fitrJ a partner 'simply put, opposites don't attract.but similartypesdo,'saysDr Robin Russellof London University,who hasspenta decadestudyingpatterns the more similaryou areto your partner . 'On average, of (0).-4TTRA-C-T-IAN... unAobscurephysiolojicalfactorslike elbow in *.ry *rt, ft"t" (l) ................... amazingasit may seemthe more you shape.to attitudesand (2)......................... to geton.' are(3)

ATTRACT PERSON APPEAR LIKE

(4)........................ haveany numberof theorieswhy.Early life might programme you to seek(s) with peoplewho look like your parents- and but thereforelook like you.Or you maymakea random(6)........................, network. of your local(7)........................ within the environment

SCIENCE RELATION CHOOSE SOCIETY

That said,there'sa morethan (8) who look like you.

REASON

chanceyou will choosepeople

2 Puttheseadjectivesinto orderof strength.lf you think somearethe samestrength,put them together. irritated angry EXAMeLE:(weak)upset furious (strong) a uneasy

afraid

terrified

nervous

d interested obsessed fascinated eager

b thrilled

delighted

overjoyed

pleased

e speechless surprised

astonished shocked

unhappy

f beautiful

stunning

c depressed disappointed miserable

attractive

lovely

6 Lookat thesephotos.A is a photo of your old neighboursand B is a photo of the peoplewho havejust movedin next door.

English American ln the Listeningsectionin the Student'sBook there is an interviewwith an AmericancalledHannah.Sheuses thesewordsand phraseswhich areAmericanEnglish: on thesubway... ... shegot real embarrassed Howwould an Englishpersonsaythe phrasesabovein BritishEnglish? Lookat theseother examplesof AmericanEnglishand matchthem with the BritishEnglishequivalents. American English I first floor 2 fall 3 cookie 4 trunk 5 vacation 6 freeway 7 gasoline 8 apartment 9 Scotchtape 10 elevator

1r bill

British English a sellotape b motorway c lift d bank note e petrol f autumn g ground floor h flat i boot (ofa car) j holiday k biscuit

Writing 5 Readthroughthe followingletterto a friend and correct it. Thereare20 grammaticalor spellingerrors.

Detr Jod,4, gou' Thanks for gour kLLet;'rh was g.ood'-to hexe fuom ln s.omr-rrne You'tl bs Pk;eeL knowing lhaL l've +ovn+ and' Rirhmann Ekno" c6L'?n shaix ile' 4.a.b wt*h. Shds Lo shds arkress kon CanaAn. I tnkxvizpei' abouL reil4 we andnirA5 ve*g Shds het. penplnbetore I se*n 'aeh' ' het o'bouL bl/a 5o'g ne Leh ' toqethet Uou on wdl shorb,bLa*' ond'ho-s t^h:R4hb Socrn tm o'lout' lnds Shds *aa UoU; t^ 'tarj, she bof o- bi| We gour sLst*x\ atound" ln have ,nu"e)Ata'aLiNe so she shourd've lun of flr',s and" we Wdre vih r'nLerestzd-aL he sane \pe haLes cr,ok so She musw' ol se*.mtn ho-ve sLmil'o.rtasLes kikhent' n1e35tJ 0ho-vrng abowL I won't have ln worrging 0' moviz-' One dxot^ba* Ls thaL, when she has mokrng rn the 4'3o abouL en'r14, r,q reA)4 she,nexA's ge&rng and' make-uV hex geL to lhe seb ln-go to morni,ng, so c:ostr,rietoi+*A ouL. She sa4s shdU" be reAL! 4liLe' . baA' ang ol we)rl have Lo se*'. Anguoag,I h*vest'L noLr*)' - whg don't Uou come hoblhs gek\ You muaL-to iu* u't we c'an h*ve o' meal and' ovextn lhe \'aL nexb SILuYL'AU ' know me W Logelher?.Drop me a ltne Lo

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Now write a letter of between14o-19owords to a friendtelling him/herabout the new neighbours. Comparethem with the neighboursyou usedto haveand saywhich onesyou prefer.Youdo not needto includepostaladdresses.

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Love, Twngw

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L I K E M O T H E R ,L I K E D A U G H T E R

A greatidea Reading Forquestionsr-6, choosethe answer(A,4 C or D) whichyou think fits bestaccordingto the text.

Theaircraft tookoff smoothly enough, butanyfeelings that I andtheyoung scientists hadthatwewereonanything likea passenger scheduled service werequickly dismissed whenthe justlikeanother It looked aircraftfromtheoutside. Thepilottold pilotputtheplane into a 4S-degree climb which lasted around 20 hisyoungpassengers thatit wasbuiltin 1964,a Boeing KC- seconds. Thentheengines cutoutandwe became weightless. 135refuelling tanker, based onthe707.Butappearances were Everything became confused, andleftor right,upor downno deceptive, andthe13students fromEurope andtheUSAwho longer hadanymeaning. Aftertenseconds offree-fall descent the boarded theaircraft wereinfortheflightoftheirtives. pilotpulled theaircraft outof itsnosedive. Thereturn of gravity Inside, theareathatnormally hadseats hadbecome a longwhite waslessimmediate thanitsloss,butwasstillsudden enough t0 padded tunnel. Heavily fromfloorto ceiling, it tooked a bitlikea ensure thatsome students came downwitha bump. lunatic asylum. There werealmost nowindows, butlightsalong Each timethepilotcuttheengines andwebecame weightless, a thepadded wallseerily illuminated it.Mostoftheseats hadbeen newteamconducted itsexperiment. First it was the Dutch, who takenout,apartfromafewattheback,wheretheyoung scientists wanted todiscover whycatsalways landontheirfeet.Then itwas quickly tooktheirplaces witha lookofapprehension. theGerman team, whoconducted a successful experiment ona For12 months, science students fromacross the continents traditional building method to seeif it cbuldbeusedforbuitding hadcompeted to wina placeontheflightat theinvitation of a future space station. TheAmericans hadanideatocreate solar theEuropean Space Agency. Thechallenge hadbeento suggest sailsthatcouldbeusedbysatellites. imaginative experiments tobeconducted inweighfless conditions.Aftertwo hoursof goingup and downin the planedoing Forthe nexttwo hoursthe Boeing's flightresembled thatof experiments, the predominant feeling wasoneof exhilaration anenormous birdwhichhadlostitsreason, shooting upwards ratherthannausea. Mostof the students thoughtit wasan ss towards theheavens before hurtling towards Eartn. fni intention unforgettable experience andonetheywouldbekeentorepeat. wastoachieve weightlessness fora fewseconds.

What does the writer sayabout the plane? A It had no seats. B The inside was painted white. C It had no windows. D The outside was misleading. According to the writer, how did the young scientistsfeel at the beginning of the flight? A sick B nervous C keen D impatient 3 What did the pilot do with the plane? A He quickly climbed and then stopped the engines. B He climbed and then made the plane fall slowly. C He took off normally and then cut the enginesfor 20 seconds. D He climbed and then made the planeturn over.

What was the point of being weightless? A To seewhat conditions are like in space. B To prepare the young scientistsfor future work in space. C To show the judges of the competition what they could do. D To allow the teamsto try out their ideas. What does'it'in line 39 referto? A the exhilaration B the trip C the plane D the opportunity Why was this text written? A To encourageyoungpeopleto take up science. B To show scientistswhat young people can do. C To report on a new scientific technique. D To describethe outcome of a scientific competition.

Grammar Thepassive 2 The CambridgeEnglishCorpusshowsus that exam candidatesoften makemistakeswith the passive. Correctthesesentences. a I had to been train bY the manager. b Usually cuckoo clocks make out of wood. c The scienceexhibition will be visit by many people. d My camerastolen on the bus. e He was stolen his bike. f It has been prove that water freezesat 0 degreesC. g One speaksFrench here. h Many designshave make for new planes. i The house is painting at the moment. j The car cleanednow. k Maria born in APril' I A jet flies by Hamid everYdaY. m They were asking to a PartY. n Today'smeeting has cancelled. o My house was building last Year. p I hurt in a road accident'

Listening 4 'ti$EZyou will heara womantalking about a man calledWilliam,who built a windmillin hisvillagein Africa.Forquestions1-1o,completethe sentences with a word or short Phrase. William's family didnt have the , (1) ..$............. neededfor him to stayat school. William alwayswanted to get a job as a

Vocabulary

(2) .....................

verbswith comeandtake Phrasal

William was able to spend some time in the (3) ..................... near his village.

3 Lookat the contextof the followingphrasalverbs , and decideon their meaning.Trynot to usea dictionaryuntil you havefinishedthe exercise.

William was keen to have electricity in his house so that he could havean electric(4) .....................

a He came into a lot of moneYwhen his grandfather died. b Shecertainly takes after her mother - she'sso tall. c He took up golf when he retired. d It took him two hours to come round after the blow to his head. e I'll be taking over the businesswhen my father retires. f It was a problem we rarely come up against. g I didnt take to him at first, but now he'sone of my best friends. h The Prime Minister didnt come up with any new ideasfor tackling crime' The information was too much to take in at first. I came across an old letter in the attic the other duy. Her new job meansthat shewill be taking on more responsibility.

in his room. Williams family wanted electricity so they could more easilY. get (5) ........... William's (6)..................... was the personwho helped him build a windmill. The basic structure of the windmill was made from an unwanted(7) ................ The bladesof the windmill were made of (8) ..................... In Williams village there is a (9) which the villagers all have accessto. William's family is now able to grow aswell as maize. (10) .................. A G R E A TI D E A

Educationfor life Reading I

Youaregoing to readan articleabout a teachercalledChrisSearle.Readthe first paragraphto for the moment' find out moreabouthim.Thenskimthe text,ignoringthe missingsentences

of colleagueq k;naida, thejoumalistscamealongtoo. attitudes thenegative Despite walk-outby Searlecontinuedto focus on poetry. Therewasalsoa sympathy made theirfeelings ladieg who cleaning Ron the He persuadeda photograPher, to wipethe'Dontsack McCormick,to bringhisportraitsof East knownbyrefusing off theschoolwalls Londoninto classandwith thesevisual Searle'graffti got better. poems better and the rnages Other schoolsjoined in and the next who day there was a march to Trafalgar The schoolgovernors. E I--l 'gloomy', thoughtth.t. poemsweretoo Squarq in the centre of London. go with not to ahead Searle had ordered Searlestayedaway,not wanting to Searle had only just qualified but 1971, Slepney March but by be seenas their leader.but he did certain progressive ideas about thecollection, and paid Searle for by out, was Words not let the matter rest from then educationwere already settling in pnnted in the even parcnts were Extracts o n . l H e a l s of o u g hht i s Some of the lol his head.F-n newspaper. Saz throughthe union.In May dismissal governors uial.*-tt.tt wereex-army (hisownwor$ nowmade 19'73,the government'seducation or had a churchbackground;gowns Searle's'enemies' lunchtimein late May, secretary,Margaret Thatcher,ruled One were worn and caneswere usedto their move. at the punish trouble-makersif necessary. the headcalledSearlein and fired him, that Searleshouldbe reinstated other ignored by wasa poorareaandtherestof instructinghim not to comein afterthe school. However, Stepney Zcnuda staff anddenieda classof his own,he thestalfsawno hopefor theirpupils. end of the month.l?-J--_l girl decidedto leavethe schoolfor goodin 16-year-old Cruz, a strong-willed theseunder- dela Howeveqto ChrisSearle, 'We 'sons and fromGibraltartookcharge; ananged J,ily 1974.Searlecontinuedto teach, werethe teenagers achieving andworkedin manydifferent of thepoetRosenberg'andfor peopleto tell eachclass.Immediately, howeveq daughters countriesaroundthe world. He has wantedto takeaction.' poetrywasthekeythatwouldunlock everyone hisownpoetry. theirpotential. Whenaskedrecentlywhy they had all alsopublished -*-**--*-j theywrote takensucha stronglineon the I Theshortverses Iz I 'It just Lock up, unlock weresadandoftenbitteqwith the East sackingsheexplained: That's me iob for now Lock up in the morning End shownas a placeof no hope.To didnt seemfair that a teacher Unlock at the end ol day Searle's everyoneliked was being some of thestaffatSirJohnCass, It's an easy life This iob is approachwas alarming.Herewas a thrownout.' Sheremembers Just unlock in the morning teacherin his earlytwentiesusingthe walkinginto the officesof a Enjoy meself all day after school But at night, me back forradicaltheories local newspaper schoolasalaboratory It starts hurting going was what them pupils to tell to encouraging and of education, I can't bend And turn that key walked Searle wasnoisyand on.l sT---l speakout.Hisclassroom This job at night to the schoolthe on him.He nervously lotsof thegirlshadcrushes It's not for me In the daytime itb alright sawpupilsafterschooltoo, ashe ran a nextmomingandloundsome But it's hard to turn outside standing children 800 in lived Stepney, and film club haif-price The key at nightChristineGarratt unlike most of his fellow teachers, the gatesin the rain. where who fled eachnight to the suburbs. theystayedall day.Thanksto

at Sir John ChrisSearlestarteilteaching East Schoolin Stepney, CassSecondary London,in 19?0.Thisparticulariob harl heknew to himpartlybecause appealed had done he thearea.Moreimportantly, thesison an Eastf,nd his postgraduate andsawthispart poet,IsaacRosenberg, place'. as'alerypoetical of London

A-G the one whichfits eachgap (l-6)' Now choosefrom sentences Thereis one extrasentencewhichyou do not needto use' Theseviews were not sharedby the school' which, althoughquitenew,wasrun verytraditionally.

A His classheardthenewsthe sameafternoon. B However,many pupils had seentheir own parentson

Although banned from the school, he managedto thatyear' publisha secondStepneyWordslater

strikepicketlines,sotheYdid.

c

Searlecontacteda local printer to anange for their publication.

G So he madethem readit and write it, believingthat in

D They calledthe national presgwhich transformedthe protestinto a major event.

Grammar Reporting 3 Herearesomequotesfrom Chris Searleand his PuPils,who were featuredin a radio Programme Words.Rewritethem about SfePneY as reported speech.Thefirst one is startedfor you. a I went to the local PaPerand told them our plans. TheY askedme some questionsto check me out, but in the end theY Promised to run the story. (Zeinaida) Zeinaida said that shehad gone to the localPaPer.'. That morning I went in through the side entrance.The school secretarywas handing out the registersas normal, but there cant have been more than 20 or 30 kids in the whole building. (Chris Searle) While we were outside the gates, teacherscame acrossand talked to us. Somewere sYmPathetic, though they weren't able to admit it. Somewere aggressiveand threw gym shoesat us! (a PuPil) d Those children were made to feel that being ordinary meant failure. But it is the ordinarY PeoPleand their daily work that make a country. (Chris Searle)

this way,his pupilswould makesenseof their livesand their sunoundings.

Vocabulary do?Therearethreeother expressions 4 what do trouble-makers with makein the article.Findthem and look up their meaningsin and two from the box in the a dictionary.Thenusethe expressions correctform to completethis shorttext about ChrisSearle' make a start

make a good impression make use of

useeithera form of written by examcandidates, In thesesentences makeor anotherverb collocationto completethe sentences' improvements ............ a Our schoolis going 1o...................... to its recePtionarea. a very bad experiencewith tents b I. ....... ....... while I was camPinglast Year. .....uP his mind to ProPose c Paul marriage to MarY. .....me a favour? d Finally, could you ....my life easier' e Technologyhas a diet or spendmoney .--.. f I dont needto in a gym. the .....'.'....'........""""""' g I beh; that all parentsshould .....their children awareof first step to the problems. h Cycling is one of the bestwaysto .............'.'...... exercise. i I really.... j Sayrnggoodbyealways

mYselfat home' '....me cry'

E D U C A T I O NF O R L I F E

Careermoves Vocabulary Wordformation 1 Readthe text below.Usethe word givenin capitalsat the end of someof the linesto form a word that fits in the gap in the sameline.Thereis an example at the beginning(0).

SURROUND a tropical inyourbath(o) ..eurr-q!/!.&d...ny relaxing ustimagine a wondedul alongside inthekitchen 0rworking beach scene. (1) .. ........... These arejusttwo SELECT fruits. ofhand-painted Bany Jan and wall tiles that individually designed of the examples SPECIAT (2) their company, in.Theystarted Harmer . . . ........ gap ...................MASS theyfelttherewasa (3) Art,because Tile AVAITABLE (4) ................... of waslimited inthemarket.'There arevery good-quality Barry. Theirdesigns English tiles,'explains IMAGINE (5) .............. totake0nsome andtheyarewilling ..... witha' EXPECT up(6)..... . Onemanturned unusual orders. seat pictureofa JCBdigger, wanting a muralof himselfinthedriver's oBvtous (7) ..................... The Harmers new-born baby. holding his no have fromhome andsaythey theirsmallbusiness running enjoy EXPAND plans . for(8) ............ t

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Listening 2 teifE Youwill hearpeopletalking in five differentsituations.Forquestions1-5, choosethe bestanswer(A,B or C). I You hear a man talking about his working life. What is his job now? A a journalist B a chef C a lawyer

You hear two people at work discussinga colleague.The woman describesher colleagueas A impatient. B irresponsible. C disorganised.

2 You hear a conversationabout getting a further qualification. What does the man say? A He wisheshe could do his coursepart-time. B He believeshe can support himself financially' C He hopeshe will be ableto get his old job back.

You hear a man talking about the skills needed for a new position in his department.'Whatis the most important requirementfor the job? A to have knowledge of a languageother than English B to have experienceof telephoneselling C to have a qualification in maths

3 You hear a woman talking about her career.The woman choseher careerin order to A travel to unusual places. B earn a decent salary. C work regular hours.

Now read the sample answer,choosing the right word or phrase in r-7.

Writing 3 Readthis newsreportabout a young millionaire. Thenusethe informationto giveyou an ideafor the essayin 4 below.

Tee 64esvcr&s; ThLsessa4 cnns'rAx'rswhelhet expei*.nceof the business worlA b nexAri' rn ordxx Lo sucr*x)". 'tL Ls true thal (1) Thqe'{oro t Nthatgh t*xxa4ers who ara sti|L at schooL may noL h*ve much o,ware-nessol wo*ing tt(e, the4 can geL aA,vir,etron *l,u'ks. (2) So / becanso tvsbho'nd. knowkA4e Ls noL essexl)ol.

Nick D'Aloisio's'ridiculous'life (his word) is dueto the immensepopularity of the iPhone app he created.Called Summly, it allows you to Process newsmore easily on a mobile device. Essentially,it pulls in news from a variety of sourcesand usesa computer algorithmto reduceit to a coupleof with userschoosingthe Nick D'Aloisio, key sentences, Britain's 17-year-old subiectsmost relevantto them. app developer Nick setup a companyto develoPthe app, though at 16 he was too young to be a director and so his mother had to take on that role. The companyhas just been bought by Yahoo for an estimatedf,l8 million, changingNick's life for good. Although he still plans to apply to university,his studiesfor schoolexamswill now be reservedfor evenings,as he has a new day job as a Yahoo employee,working out of their London offices.

Take the exanplz of Ni.k D'Atoi;ir, who stn'rt*d. hls ouoncrmPdllu 0*, 16. ]uy'nlLwas irrrporb'an! (3) i" arngcaso / n his case was LhaL he saN 0- qood,busness iAxn and. haA. exwgh undsstnnilng of nobil*- t*rhnol'ogg Lo dzvdnp lL. (4) ln ang case, / ln *tab case, hLs mothex Ls a. ilx