Nucleic Acid Isolation System EXM6000 Operation Manual
August 15, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
Short Description
Download Nucleic Acid Isolation System EXM6000 Operation Manual...
Description
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Mp`rdtemh Jdhudg
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
_rmfuit F`sireptemh Vndha ymu cmr buyehk tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j crmj \ybem Ehi. (n`r`ehdct`r r`c`rr`f tm ds ‗\ybem‚). B`cmr` usehk tnes prmfuit, pg`ds` r`df tnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg idr`cuggy tm `hsur` prmp`r us`. _g`ds` a``p tnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg prmp`rgy dct`r r`dfehk sm tndt et wegg b` r`dfegy dvdegdbg` cmr r`c`r`hi`. _rmfuit< huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j _rmfuit Jmf`g< @^J3???, @^J32?? Y`redg hujb`r mc prmfuit t`inheidg r`quer`j`hts/r`kestrdtemh i`rteceidt` hujb`r< Inmhkqehk J`feidg F`vei` R`kestrdtemh Hm. 2?2??44? _rmfuitemh r`kestrdtemh i`rteceidt` hujb`r< Inmhkqehk ICFD _rmfuitemh R`kestrdtemh Hm. 2?4>???4 Jdhucditur`r< \ybem Ehi. _rmfuit struitur`< Vn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j es imjpms`f mc d j`indheid j`in dheidgg pdrt, `g`itrei `g`itreidg dg pdrt dhf smctw smctwdr` dr` pdrt. Et es f`sekh`f cmr tn` s`pdrdtemh dhf `xtrditemh mc huig`ei dief crmj sp`iej`hs wn`h us`f tmk`tn`r tmk`t n`r wetn r`dk` r`dk`ht ht aets. Vn` j`indh j`indheidg eidg pdrt es imjpm imjpms`f s`f mc `higmsur`s, `higms ur`s, ccrdj`s rdj`s,, jmtmr jmtemh imjpmh imjpmh`hts, `hts, jdkh`tei rmf imjpmh`hts, krdb j`indhesjs dhf cgdpp`r j`indhesjs. Vn` `g`itreidg pdrt es imjpms`f mc fespgdy imjpmh`hts, n`dtehk jmfug`s, ugtrdvemg`t (PS) jmfug`s dhf h`kdtev` pr`ssur` `xndust jmfug`s. Vn` smctwdr` imjpmh`ht mc tnes prmfuit es dh ehbuegt smctwdr` imjpmh`ht. Vn` smctwdr` imjpmh`ht mc tnes prmfuit es dh ehbuegt smctwdr` imjpmh`ht. Yimp` mc dppgeidtemh< Huig`ei dief esmgdtemh crmj igeheidg sp`iej`hs. R`kestrdht / jdhucd R`kestrdht jdhucditur` itur`rr Dffr` Dffr`ss< ss< Cgmmr 4 tm Cgmmr 6, Buegf Buegfehk ehk 9?, Hm.3 mc Vdead Vdeadhk hk Rmdf, Bgmia I mc Ledhqedm Ehfustr Ehfustredg edg _dra, Fdfu Fdfuamu amu Festreit, Inmhkqehk, Inehd 6???>2. Fdt` mc jdhucd jdhucditur` itur`2
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
[`bset`< www.zybem.imj 26-nmur s`rvei` nmtgeh`< 6??-?03-;>;5 V`g< +>3(?)29 3>30 00?5 Cdx< +>3(?)29 3>35 5;;5 @-jdeg< ehcmOzybem.imj
[drhehk
Vnes syst`j s snmugf nmugf mhgy b` mp mp`rdt`f `rdt`f by ehsp`it ehsp`itemh emh prmc`ssemhdgs, fmitmrs dhf gdbmrdtmry p`rsmhh`g trdeh`f by \ybem mr ets dk`hts.
Cdegu Cdegur` r` mc nmspetdg nmspetdgs s mr ehstet ehstetutemh utemhs s indrk` indrk`f f wetn us` mc tnes syst`j sys t`j tm pr`pd pr`pdr` r` d imjpg`t` s`t mc sdtescditm sdtescditmry ry jdeht`hdhi`/r`pder pgdhs jdy r`sugt eh dbhmrjdg jdgcuhitemh mc tnes syst`j dhf jdy l`mpdrfez` p`rsmhdg n`dgtn.
Jda` su sur` r` tndt tn` syst syst`j `j es us`f uhf`r tn` im imhfete hfetemhs mhs sp`iece`f sp`i ece`f eh tn` mp`rdtem mp`rdtemh h jdhud jdhudg. g. Ec tn` imhfe imhfetemhs temhs mc us` dr` hmt j`t, tn` syst`j jdy hmt cuhitemh prmp`rgy dhf jdy dgsm idus` fdjdk` tm ets imjpmh`hts dhf p`rsmhdg sdc`ty.
Dtt`htemh
Vnes mp`rdtemh jd jdhudg hudg es eht`hf`f cmr tn` cmggmwehk prmc`ssemhdgs eh igeheidg gdbmrdtmry<
4. _`rsmhh`g p`rcmrjehk syst`j rmuteh` mp`rdtemh1 2. _`rsmhh`g p`rcmrjehk syst`j jdeht`hdhi` dhf trmubg`snmmtehk1
9. _`rsmh _`rsmhh`g h`g g`drhehk syst` syst`j j mp`rd mp`rdtemh. temh.
盨彐 Indpt`r Ind pt`r 4 Jdhudg Mv`rve`w.................. ....................................... .......................................... ......................................... ....................................... ...................4 4.4 Mv`rve`w.................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ..................................... ................. 4 4.2 Yimp` mc Dppgeidtemh.................. ...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................................... .................. 4 4.9 Jdhudg Kuef`..................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................... ...... 4 4.6 Dkr``f Jdtt`rs eh tn` Jdhudg ................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ..................... 2 ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ..................................... .................9 4.0 Imjjmh Mp`rdtemhs Mp`rdtemhs................... ......................................... .......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ....................................... ..................9 4.3 Yyjbmg....................
Indpt`r Ind pt`r 2 Yyst`j Mv`rve`w.................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................................... .................3 2.4 Mv`rve`w.................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ..................................... ................. 3 ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... .......................................... ............................ ....... 3 2.2 _rmfuit Jmf`g.................. 2.9 Jdeh _drdj`t`rs _drdj`t`rs dhf _`rcmrjdhi` _`rcmrjdhi`.................. ...................................... ......................................... ................................. ............ ;
2.6 [mraehk _rehiepg`.................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ....................... ; 2.0 Yimp` mc Dppgeidtemh.................. ...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................................... .................. > ...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................... ..... 4? 2.3 Dpp`drdhi` mc tn` Yyst`j .................. ......................................... .......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................... ...... 4? 2.3.4 Crmht Se`w.................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .............................. .......... 44 2.3.2 R`dr Se`w.................. ...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................ ... 42 2.3.9 G`ct Yef` Se`w.................. ............................................................. ......................................... .......................... ..... 49 2.3.6 Eht`remr mc Jmfug` Fmmr ......................................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................... ....... 49 2.; Imjjuheidtemh Eht`rcdi`................... .......................................... ......................................... ..................................... .................46 2.> @g`itrmjdkh`tei Imjpdtebegety..................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................ .... 43 Indpt`r Ind pt`r 9 Phpdiaehk dhf _r`pdrdtemh cmr Ps`.................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ................................ ............ 43 9.4 Phpdiaehk Ehsp`itemh.................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................. .............. 43 9.2 Ypdi` R`quer`j`hts...................
....................................... ......................................... ............................ ........ 4; 9.9 [mraehk @hvermhj`ht R`quer`j`hts.................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................. .............. 4> 9.6 _mw`r R`quer`j`hts................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .......................... ..... 45 9.0 Krmuhfehk mc tn` Yyst`j.................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................. .............2? 9.3 _mw`r Yuppgy In`ia.................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... .................................... ............... 24 Indpt`r Ind pt`r 6 Mp`rdtemh Jdhudg ................... ....................................... ......................................... ........................ ... 24 6.4 _r`pdrdtemhs B`cmr` Yyst`j Mp`rdtemh ................... ....................................... ......................................... ............................ ....... 22 6.2 Ehstdggdtemh Ehstdggdtemh mc Jdkh`tei Rmf Yg``v`s Yg``v`s................... ...................................... ......................................... .......................................... ......................... .... 29 6.9 Ehstdggdtemh mc R`dk`ht Aets..................
...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................................... .................. 26 6.6 Ymctwdr` Mp`rdtemh.................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .......................26 6.6.4 Gduhin Yir``h ................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................... ............... 20 6.6.2 Cuhitemhs mc tn` Jdeh Crdj`..................... ...................................... ......................................... ................................... .............. 2; 6.6.9 Gduhin Yir``h - Tueia Gduhin .................. ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ...................... 25 6.6.6 Gduhin Yir``h - Gest Bmmt .................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................ ... 94 6.6.0 _rmkrdj Ruh.................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ........................................ .................... 96 6.6.3 PS Yt`regezdtemh.................... ......................................... ......................................... .......................................... .......................... ..... 90 6.6.; _rmkrdj Jdhdk`j`ht..................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................... ............... 6? 6.6.> Y`tup..................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................................... ..................66 6.6.5 Vrmubg`snmmtehk..................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ..................... 60 Indpt`rr 0 Ig`dhehk Indpt` Ig`dhehk dhf Jdeht`hdhi` Jdeht`hdhi`.................. ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................... 60 0.4 Jdeht`hdhi` dhf Y`rveiehk..................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ....................... ... 60 0.2 Cegt`r Yir``h R`pgdi`j`ht.................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................... 63 0.9 _`remfei Ig`dhehk .................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................ ... 6; 0.6 [dst` Fespmsdg Fespmsdg................... ....................................... ......................................... ....................... 6> 0.0 Fespmsdg mc Yirdpp`f Yirdpp`f esmgdtemh esmgdtemh Yyst`js................... .......................................... ......................................... ..................................... .................65 Indpt`r 3 Vrdhspmrtdtemh dhf Ytmrdk`..................... ......................................... ......................................... ....................................... ................... 65 3.4 Vrdhspmrtdtemh mc tn` Yyst`j....................
3.4.4 Krdpnei Eggustrdtemhs mc @xt`rhdg _diadkehk.....................................................0? 0? ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ...................... 0? 3.2 Vrdhspmrtdtemh dhf Ytmrdk`..................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................................ ...................0? 3.2.4 Vrdhspmrtdtemh Ehstruitemhs..................... ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................. .............. 0? 3.2.2 Ytmrdk` Imhfetemhs................... ...................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................................... ................ 02 Indpt`r ; _mehts mc Dtt`htemh ..................
...................................... ......................................... ......................................... ................................... ...............02 ;.4 Ehstdggdtemh Dtt`htemhs.................. ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................ .... 02 ;.2 Ps` Dtt`htemhs Dtt`htemhs.................... ........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................02 ;.9 Ydc`ty Dtt`htemhs Dtt`htemhs................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .................... 09 ;.6 Bemgmkeidg Ydc`ty.................... ...................................... ......................................... ................................. ............ 06 ;.0 R`pgdi`j`ht mc Imjpmh Imjpmh`ht `ht _drts.................. ....................................... ......................................... ......................................... ................................... ...............06 ;.0.4 Cus` R`pgdi`j`ht................... ......................................... ......................................... ......................................... .......................... ..... 00 ;.0.2 PS Gdjp R`pgdi`j`ht.................... Dhh`x Dhh` x D Cdugt
........................................ ......................................... ......................................... ................................ ............ 03 Ehcmrjdtemh Gest....................
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 4 Jdhudg Mv`rve`w 4.4 4. 4 Mv`r Mv`rve ve`w `w Vnes indpt`r t`din`s tn` r`df`r nmw tm us` tn` mp`rdtemh jdhudg mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. Vnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg diimjpdhyehk tn` prmfuit f`sireb`s eh f`tdeg tn` eht`hf`f us`, cuhitemhdgety dhf mp`rdtemh mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. B`cmr` B`cmr ` us`, pg`ds pg`ds` ` r`df idr`cug idr`cuggy gy dhf uhf`r uhf`rstdhf stdhf tn` imht`hts mc tnes jdhudg cmr prmp`r us` mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j tm r`dgez` ets mptejdg p`rcmrjdhi` dhf `hsur` mp`rdtmr sdc`ty.
4.2 4. 2 Yimp` Yimp` mc Dppg Dppgei eidte dtemh mh Vnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg es eht`hf`f cmr us` by j`feidg gdbmrdtmry prmc`ssemhdgs mr trdeh`f pnyseiedhs, hurs`s, mr gdbmrdtmry t`inheiedhs. Jdehgy us`f cmr tn` cmggmwehk purpms`s<
G`drh G`drhehk ehk dbmut tn` ndrfw ndrfwdr` dr` dhf smctwdr` mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j1
Y`ttehk syst`j pdrdj`t`rs1
_`rcmrjehk rmuteh` mp`rdtemhs1
_`rcmrjehk syst`j jdeht`hdhi` dhf trmubg`snmmtehk.
4.9 4. 9 Jdhu Jdhudg dg Kuef Kuef` ` Vnes mp`rdtemh mp`rdtemh jdhudg imhsests mc ; indp indpt`rs t`rs dhf 4 dhh`x`s. Vn` mp`rdtmr mp`r dtmr es dfves dfves`f `f tm gmma up tn` r`g`v r`g`vdht dht indpt`r cmr tn` ehcmrjdtem ehcmrjdtemh h h``f`f. Indpt`r 4. Jdhudg Mv`rve`w Mv`rve`w
Ehtrmfuitemh Vnes indpt`r t`ggs tn` r`df`r nmw tm us` tn` mp`rdtemh jdhudg mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh
4
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
syst`j. Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s tn` prmfuit struitur` 2. Yyst`j Mv`rve`w Mv`rve`w
dhf j`dsurehk prehiepg` mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j.
9. Ehstdg Ehstdggdtemh gdtemh dhf _r`pdrdtemh cmr Ps`
Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s tn` `hvermhj`htdg dhf ehstdggdtemh r`quer`j`hts mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s tn` mp`rdtemh
6. Mp`rd Mp`rdtemh temh Jdhudg Jdhudg
pr`pdrdtemh, smctwdr` eht`rcdi` dhf smctwdr` mp`rdtemh mp`rdte mh mc tn` huig`ei huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s ehtrmfui`s tn` ig`dhehk dhf
0. Ig`dhe Ig`dhehk hk dhf dhf Jdeht`hdhi`
3. Vrdhs Vrdhspmrtdte pmrtdtemh mh dhf Ytmrdk`
jdeht`hdhi` jdeht` hdhi` prmi`ss mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s tn` trdhspmrtdtemh dhf stmrdk` stmrdk ` r`quer`j`ht r`quer`j`hts s mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j. Vnes indpt`r ehtrmfui`s tn` jdtt`rs imhi`rhehk
;. _mehts mc Dtt`htemh Dtt`htemh
tn` ehstdggdtemh, us`, sdc`ty dhf pdrts r`pgdi`j`ht r`pgdi `j`ht mc tn` huig`ei dief esmg esmgdtemh dtemh syst`j.
Dhh`x D Gest mc
Vnes dhh`x gests tn` jdgcuhitemhs mc tn` huig`ei
Jdgcuhitemh
dief esmgdtemh syst`j dhf tn` imrr`spmhfehk
Ehcmrjdtemh
smgutemhs.
4.6 4. 6 Dkr`` Dkr``f f Jdtt` Jdtt`rs rs eh eh tn` tn` Jdh Jdhudg udg Vnes jdhudg us`s fecc`r`ht cmhts dhf cmrjdts tm festehkuesn ehcmrjdtemh wetn sp`iedg j`dhehks. Cmrjdt ‗ÛÛ‚
J`dhehk ÛÛ es tn` ehcmrjdtemh fespgdy`f mh tn` sir``h
Dgg eggustrdtemhs eh tnes jdhudg dr` prmvef`f ds `xdjpg`s dhf snmugf hmt b` us`f cmr mtn`r purpms`s. Vn` krdpneis, s`ttehks mr fdtd snmwh eh tn` eggustrdtemhs jdy hmt b` `xditgy tn` sdj` ds tn` ditudg fespgdy ymu s`` mh tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j.
2
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
4.0 4. 0 Imjj Imjjmh mh Mp`rd Mp`rdte temh mhs s Hdj` Igeia @ht`r
Mp`rdtemh @x`iut`f _r`ss tn` ‗ÛÛ‚ buttmh Igeia mh tn` ‗ÛÛ‚ `fet bmx tm jmv` tn` iursmr tm tndt spmt dhf imjpg`t` fdtd `htry wetn tn` smct a`ybmdrf Igeia mh tn` Q↟ZQ→Z a`ys mh tn` tmuin sir``h tm jmv` tn`
F`g`t`
iursmr tm tn` spmt r`querehk f`g`temh, dhf us` tn` Q^Z a`y mh tn` smct a`ybmdrf tm f`g`t` tn` indrdit`r b`cmr` tn` iursmr.
4.3 4. 3 Yyjb Yyjbm mg Yyjbmgs us`f eh tn` jdhudg< Yyjbmg
J`dhehk Vn` mp`rdtmr just cmggmw tn` ehstruitemh ehstruitemhs s imrr`spmhfeh imrr` spmhfehk k tm tnes syjbm syjbmgg mr resa pnyseidg pnyseidg
[drhehk
ehlury.
Vn` mp`rdtmr just cmggmw tn` ehstruitemh ehstruitemhs s imrr`spmhfeh imrr` spmhfehk k tm tnes syjbm syjbmgg mr resa prmfuit prmfuit Idutemh
fdjdk` mr jdgcuhitemh, mr ehdiiurdt` t`st r`sugts. Vn` mp`rdtmr just cmggmw tn` ehstruitemh ehstruitemhs s imrr`spmhfeh imrr` spmhfehk k tm tnes syjbm syjbmg, g, tn` syjbmg `jpndsez`s ejpmrtdht ehcmrjdtemh eh tn`
Dtt`htemh
mp`rdtemh st`ps mr tn` imht`hts r`querehk sp`iedg dtt`htemh.
Vn` syst`j imhtdeh tn` cmggmwehk syjbmgs< Yyjbmg
J`dhehk Bemgmkeidg resa. Vn` mp`rdtmr just cmggmw tn` ehstruitemhs imrr`spmhfehk tm tnes syjbmg mr resa bemgmkeidg ehc`itemhs.
9
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Nekn t`jp`rdtur`. B` idr`cug hmt tm burh ymur ndhf.
_g`ds` _g`ds ` r`c`r tm tn` diimjpdhyehk fmiuj`ht. fmiuj`ht.
@g`itrei snmia. Hm mh` `xi`pt dutnmrez`f jdeht`hdhi` p`rsmhh`g es dggmw`f tm fesdss`jbg` fesdss `jbg` tn` dhdgyz`r dhdgyz`r pdh`g wn`h tn` pmw`r suppgy es turh`f mh1 dvmef dhy spegg mh tn` pdh`g. Ec dhy gequef ehcegtrdt`s ehtm tn` dhdgyz`r, dhdgy z`r, pg`ds` turh mcc tn` pmw`r suppgy ejj`fedt`gy.
_rmt`itev` krmuhfehk syjbmg
Dgt`rhdtehk iurr`ht syjbmg
Mh (pmw`r suppgy)
Mcc (pmw`r suppgy)
Cmr eh vetrm fedkhmstei us` mhgy
Y`redg Hm.
Fdt` mc jdhucditur`
Jdhucditur`r
R`c`r tm tn` mp`rdtemh jdhudg
6
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Cus`
@tn`rh`t pmrt
PYB
0
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 2 Yyst`j Mv`rve`w 2.4 2. 4 Mv`r Mv`rve ve`w `w Vnes indpt`r jdehgy ehtrmfui`s tn` prmfuit jmf`g, jdeh pdrdj`t`rs, p`rcmrjdhi` struitur` dhf `g`itrmjdkh`tei imjpdtebegety mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j.
2.2 2. 2 _rmfui _rmfuitt Jmf` Jmf`gg Vnes prmfuit prmfuit s`re`s ehiguf ehiguf` ` twm jmf` jmf`gs gs mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh
syst`j wnein dr` `xditgy ef`hteidg eh t`rjs mc wmraehk prehiepg`, jdeh cuhitemhdgety, `g`itreidg struitur` dhf a`y imjpmh`hts, dhf tn`er mhgy fecc`r`hi` fecc`r `hi` ge`s eh tn`er cuhitemh cuhitemhdg dg imhcekurd imhcekurdtemh temh (r`c`r tm Vdbg` 2-4 cmr f`tdegs). Vdbg` 2-4 Fecc`r`hi`s Fecc`r`hi`s B`tw``h B`tw``h Vwm Jmf`gs mc Huig` Huig`ei ei Dief Esmgdtemh Esmgdtemh Yyst`j Jmf`g hujb`r
@^J3???
@^J32??
Vn` j`indheidg pdrt mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j syst` j es imjpms`f mc `higmsur`s, `higmsur`s, crdj`s, jmtmr jmtemh imjpmh`hts, jdkh`tei rmf imjpmh`hts, krdb j`indhesjs _rmfuit struitur`
dhf cgdpp`r j`indhesjs. Vn` `g`itreidg `g`itreidg pdrt es imjpms`f imjpms`f mc fespgdy imjpmh`hts, n`dtehk jmfug`s, ugtrdvemg`t (PS) jmfug`s jmfug` s dhf h`kdtev` pr`ssur` pr`ssur` `xndust jmfug`s.
Mp`rdtehk jmf`
huig`ei dief esmgdtemh
Yp`iej`h tnrmuknput
4 - 53 sp`iej`hs diimrfehk tm ymur inmei`
_rmi`ssehk vmguj`
0? °G - 4??? °G
I`gg gyses n`dtehk t`jp`rdtur`
Rmmj t`jp`rdtur` ｘ42?℉
@gutemh n`dtehk t`jp`rdtur`
Rmmj t`jp`rdtur` ｘ42?℉
_rmkrdj jdhdk`j`ht
Hmt prmkrdjjdbg`
_rmkrdjjdbg`
R`dk`ht typ`
Jdkh`tei b`dfs r`dk`ht aet
Dbhmrjdg dgdrj
Yuppmrt dimustei cdugt dgdrj
3
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Yt`regezdtemh cuhitemh
PS Yt`regezdtemh Ymctwdr` mc huig`ei
Ymctwdr` hdj` Ymctwdr` jmf`g hujb`r Ymctwdr` r`g`ds`f v`rsemh
dief esmgdtemh syst`j
Ymctwdr` mc huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j
@^J3???
@^J32??
S4
S4
Vnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg us`s @^J32?? huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j ds dh `xdjpg` dhf dppge`s tm tn` @^J s`re`s. Cmr mtn`r jmf`gs mc tnes s`re`s (e.`., @^J3???), pg`ds` r`c`r tm tnes mp`rdtemh jdhudg.
2.9 Jdeh Jdeh _drd _drdj`t j`t`rs `rs dhf _`rcmr _`rcmrjdhi jdhi` `
Vdbg` 2-2 Jdeh _drdj`t`rs _rehiepg` Yp`iej`h tnrmuknput _rmi`ssehk vmguj` Tudhtety tety mc jdkh`t kh`teei rmfs R`imv`ry rdt` mc jdkh`tei b`dfs Im`cceie`ht mc vdredht (w`ggw`gg) I`gg gyses n`dtehk @gutemh n`dtehk
Jdkh`tei b`df j`tnmf 4 - 53 0? ηG - 4??? ηG 53
IS≦9% Rmmj t`jp`rdtur` ｘ42?℉ Rmmj t`jp`rdtur` ｘ42?℉
V`jp`rdtur` diiurdiy
´4℉
Msieggdte dtemh jexeh ehk k Mp`rdtemh eht`rcd `rcdi i` Eht`rhdg prmkrdjs
Yyst` Yyst`j j `x `xpd pdhs hsem emh h eh eht`r t`rcdi cdi` ` Yt`rege Yt`r egezdt zdtemh emh dhf fesehc fesehc`it `itemh emh @xndust Cegtrdtemh
Jugte-jm jmf f`, jugtete-g`v g`v`g, `g, dflu flustdbg` >.6‹ gdrk drk` imgmr tmuin sir``h Idh stmr` up tm 0?,??? prmkrdjs H`w, H`w, @fet, Ydv` Ds, F`g`t` prmkrdjs, prmkrdjs, dhf prmkrdj snmrtiuts idh b` s`t Ytdh Ytdhfd fdrf rf PYB, PYB, @tn` @tn`rh rh`t `t PS Yt`reg Yt`regez ezdtem dtemh h Cdh `xndust N@_D cegt`r sir``h
Jdx. ehput pmw`r Fej`hsemh (G*[*N) [`eknt
0??SD 353jj*60?jj*63?jj 0? ak
≠5>%
_rmkrdj jdhdk`j`ht
2.6 2. 6 [mra [mraeh ehk k _reh _rehie iepg pg` ` Vnes syst`j us`s tn` jdkh`tei rmfs mh tn` jdkh`tei rmf rdia eh tn` `xp`rej`ht jmfug` tm jmv` jdkh`tei b`dfs dbsmrb`f wetn huig`ei dief tm fecc`r`ht r`dk`ht w`ggs dhf jex gequef r`p`dt`fgy dhf queiagy wetn jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s sm tndt tn` gequef dhf jdkh`tei b`dfs dr` jex`f `v`hgy. Nekn ;
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
purety huig`ei dief es mbtdeh`f dct`r i`gg gyses, huig`ei dief dbsmrptemh, jdkh`tei b`df trdhsc`r, wdsnehk dhf `gutemh, ds snmwh eh tn` cekur` b`gmw.
Jdkh`tei rmf
Jdkh`tei dbsmrptemh
Jdkh`tei dbsmrptemh
Jdkh`tei rmf sg``v` Vrdhsc`r jdkh`tei b`dfs
Vrdhsc`r jdkh`tei b`dfs
Vrdhsc`r jdkh`tei b`dfs
i`gg gyses
[dsnehk
@gutemh
Jdkh`tei b`dfs
Cekur` 2-4 Yin`jdtei Fedkrdj mc Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
2.0 2. 0 Yimp` Yimp` mc Dppg Dppgei eidte dtemh mh Vn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j idh b` wef`gy us`f eh suin ce`gfs ds sie`htecei r`s`drin, igeheidg, fes`ds` imhtrmg, cmmf sdc`ty dhf cmr`hseis. Vn` us`r sejpgy h``fs tm dff tn` sp`iej`hs dhf jdkh`tei-b`df-bds`f huig`ei dief `xtrditemh r`dk`hts, gmdf tn` r`ditemh imhsujdbg` jdt`redgs, dhf tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j wegg imjpg`t` tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh mp`rdtemh diimrfehk tm tn` `xp`rej`htdg prmi`fur`. Jdtin`f wetn fecc`r`ht jdkh`tei-b`df-bds`f huig`ei dief `xtrditemh r`dk`hts, tn` huig`ei dief esmgd huig`ei esmgdtemh temh syst`j idh queiagy queiagy `xtrdit tn` FHD dhf RHD mc suin sp`iej`hs sp`iej`hs ds pgdht dhf dhejdg tessu`s, bgmmf, bmfy cguef dhf sp`iej`hs ehvmgv`f eh irejehdg ids`s. \ybem―s pr`-pdiadk`f verdg `xtrditemh aet, bdit`redg `xtrditemh aet, wnmg` bgmmf k`hmjei `xtrditemh aet, CC_@ tessu` huig`ei dief `xtrditemh aet dhf c`i`s `xtrditemh aet, dhf mtn`r `xtrditemh aets mc vdremus sp`ieceidtemhs dr` `quepp`f wetn j`feidg f`vei` r`kestrdtemh i`rteceidt`s, dhf idh b` utegez`f cmr tn` `xtrditemh mc huig`ei dief crmj sp`iej`hs ehigufehk wnmg` bgmmf, s`ruj, pgdsjd, hms`/tnrmdt swdb, s`ir`temhs, idst-mcc i`ggs, ureh`, >
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
sputuj, c`i`s, CC_@ tessu`s, pgdht/dhejdg tessu`s, fre`f bgmmf spmts, sdgevd dhf brmhinmdgv`mgdr gdvdk` cguef. Vn` pr`-stmr`f `xtrditemh prmkrdj eh tn` syst`j idh imjpg`t` huig`ei dief `xtrditemh wetneh 42~2> jehut`s wn`h us`f wetn \ybem―s jdkh`tei-b`df-bds`f huig`ei dief `xtrditemh r`dk`hts. Djmhk wnein, verdg `xtrditemh `xtrditemh tej` jdy b` snmrt` snmrt`h`f h`f tm 42 jehut`s.
5
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
2.3 2. 3 Dpp`d Dpp`drd rdhi` hi` mc tn` tn` Yyst Yyst`j `j 2.3. 2.3.4 4 Crm Crmht ht Se`w Se`w
⑯
⑤
③
Cekur` 2-2 Dpp`drdhi` Frdwehk mc tn` Crmht
⑯ Yir``h
⑤ Fmmr r`g`ds` ndhfg`
③ Vrdhspdr`ht jmfug` fmmr
4?
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
2.3. 2.3.2 2 R` R`dr dr Se`w Se`w
⑯
⑤
Cekur` 2-9 Dpp`drdhi` Frdwehk mc tn` R`dr
⑯ @xndust cdh
⑤ _mw`r swetin
44
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
2.3. 2.3.9 9 G` G`ct ct Ye Yef` f` Se Se`w `w
⑯ ⑤
Cekur` 2-6 Dpp`drdhi` Frdwehk mc tn` G`ct Yef`
⑯ 4 h`twmra eht`rcdi`
⑤ 2 PYB eht`rcdi`s
42
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
2.3.6 2.3 .6 Eht`rem Eht`remrr mc Jmf Jmfug` ug` Fmmr Fmmr
⑯ ⑤ ③ ⑦
⑩
Cekur` 2-0 Eht`rhdg Ytruitur` Frdwehk mc Jmfug` Fmmr
⑯ Jdkh`tei Jdkh`tei rmf rdia rdia dhf jdkh`tei rmfs
⑤ Jdkh`tei rmf sg``v` rdia
③ Kuef`f pmsetemhehk ⑩ N`dtehk rmf rmf cmr 53-w`gg r`dk`ht aet
⑦ Bmtn-`hf pmsetemhehk rmf cmr 53-w`gg r`dk`ht aet
2.; Imjjuh Imjjuheidt eidtemh emh Eht`rcd Eht`rcdi` i` Eht`rcdi` hdj`
Eht`rcdi` typ`
H`twmra eht`rcdi`
RL60 h`twmra pmrt
PYB eht`rcdi`
PYB 2.? (2 eht`rcdi`s)
Hmt`s @g`itrm @g`itrmjdk jdkh`te h`tei i Imjpdt Imjpdtebe ebegety gety
Vnes syst`j us`s rdfem cr`qu`hiy `h`rk `h`rky y cmr ets eht`rhdg eht`rhdg cuhitemhs. Vn`r`cmr`, ets rdfem cr`qu`hiy `jessemh es v`ry gmw, dhf et es v`ry uhgea`gy tm eht`rc`r` wetn h`drby `g`itrmhei f`vei`s.
_mrtdbg` dhf jmbeg` rdfem cr`qu`hiy imjjuh imjjuheidtemh eidtemh `quepj`ht jdy ndv` d pmssebg` ejpdit mh tn` `quepj`ht, dhf mtn`r `quepj`ht us`f imhiurr`h `quepj`ht imhiurr`htgy tgy eh tn` veiehety mc tn` `quepj`ht sndgg j``t tn` r`quer`j`hts r`gdt`f tm `g`itrmjdkh`tei imjpdtebegety.
Yuetd Yuetdbg` bg` cmr us` eh dgg cdiege cdiegete`s te`s hmt cmr nmus nmus`nmgf `nmgf us us` ` dhf hmt fer`itgy imhh`it`f tm tn` pubgei gmw vmgtdk` pmw`r suppgy h`twmra mc fmj`stei fw`ggehks.
_mw`r smia`ts snmugf ndv` ndv` r`gedbg` prmt`itev prmt`itev` ` krmuhfehk j`dsur`s, dhf tn` pmw`r imrfs, imjpmh`hts dhf dii`ssmre`s suppge`f wetn tn` prmfuit snmugf b` us`f.
Vn` cgmmr sn sndgg dgg b` wmmf, imh imhir`t` ir`t` mr teg`, dhf ec tn` cgmm cgmmrr es imv`r` imv`r`f f wetn syhtn`tei syhtn`tei jdt`redg, tn` r`gdte r`gdtev` v` nujefety snmugf b` hm g`ss tndh 9?%.
Kref pmw` pmw`rr suppge` suppge`s s snmug snmugf f b` mc typeidg qudg qudgety ety cmr us` eh imjj`riedg mr nmspetdg `hvermhj`hts.
Ec us`rs h``f tm a`` a``p p tn` syst`j ruh ruhhehk hehk imh imhtehumu tehumusgy sgy fureh furehk kd pmw`r eht`rruptemh, tn` utegezdtemh mc uheht`rrupt`f pmw`r suppgy es r`imjj`hf`f.
Vn` pmw`r cr`qu`hiy jdk jdkh`tei h`tei ce`gf wetneh tn` eht`hf`f ehstdggdtemh set` snmugf b` j`dsur`f tm `hsur` tndt tn` pmw`r cr`qu`hiy es gmw `hmukn. Vnes syst`j snmugf b` a`pt cdr dwdy crmj dhy pmw`r cr`qu`hiy jdkh`tei ce`gf smuri`. Phf`r sp`iedg 46
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
ieriujstdhi`s, jdkh`tei sne`gfehk jdt`redgs sndgg b` ehstdgg`f tm `hsur` hmrjdg mp`rdtemh mc tn` syst`j.
Vnes ESF `q `quepj`ht uepj`ht imjpge`s wetn tn` `jessem `jessemh h dhf ejjuh ejjuhety ety r`quer`j`hts sp`iece`f eh E@I 34923-4-2?49.
[drhehk
Eh dffete dffetemh mh tm tn` dii`ss dii`ssmre`s mre`s dhf id idbg`s bg`s smg smgf f by tn` jdhucditur` jdhucd itur`rr mc tn` syst syst`j `j ds spdr spdr` ` pdrts cmr eht`rhdg imjpmh`hts, usehk dii`ssmre`s dhf idbg`s mtn`r tndh tnms` sp`iece`f jdy r`sugt eh ehir`ds`f `quepj`ht `jessemhs mr r`fui`f ejjuhety.
Vnes sy syst`j st`j snmu snmugf gf hmt b` us`f eh igms` pr prmxeje mxejety ty mc mr mv`rgdp wetn mtn`r `quepj`ht, but ec et just b` us`f sm, tn`h et snmugf b` mbs`rv`f dhf v`rece`f tndt tn` syst`j idh mp`rdt` hmrjdggy eh suin `hvermhj`ht.
Dtt`htemh
Fm hmt us` tn` sys syst`j t`j h`xt tm d strmhk rdfed rdfedtemh temh smur smuri` i` (`.k., dh uhsne`gf`f RC smuri`), wnein jdy eht`rc`r` wetn tn` hmrjdg mp`rdtemh mc tn` syst`j.
Vnes sys syst`j t`j es f`sekh` f`sekh`f f dhf t`st`f diimr diimrfehk fehk tm Idt`k Idt`kmry mry 4-D f`vei`s eh IEY_R 44. Eh d nmj` `hvermhj`ht, tnes syst`j es gea`gy tm idus` rdfem eht`rc`r`hi` dhf prmt`itev` j`dsur`s dr` r`quer`f.
Et es r`imjj`hf` r`imjj`hf`f f tndt tn` `g`itrmjdkh`tei `hv `hvermhj`ht ermhj`ht b` dss`ss`f dss`s s`f b`cmr` usehk tn` sys syst`j, t`j, dhf et es tn` r`spmh r`spmhsebeg sebegety ety mc tn` us`r tm `hsur` tndt tn` `g`itrmjdkh`tei `hvermhj`ht es imjpdtebg` wetn tn` syst`j.
40
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 9 Phpdiaehk dhf _r`pdrdtemh cmr Ps` B`cmr` ehstdggdtemh, tn` mp`rdtmr just `hsur` imjpgedhi` wetn tn` cmggmwehk r`quer`j`hts mh spdi`, pmw`r suppgy, `hvermhj`ht dhf cus`.
Idutemh
Phpdiaehk mr ehstdggdtemh p`rcmrj`f by dhy p`rsmh mtn`r tnd tndh h tnms` dutnmrez`f mr trdeh`f by \ybem jdy idus` p`rsmhdg ehlure`s mr fdjdk` tm tn` esmgdtemh syst`j. Fm hmt uhpdia tn` syst`j mr ehstdgg tn` esmgdtemh syst`j b`cmr` tn` drrevdg mc \ybem―s dutnmrez`f p`rsmhh`g mh set`.
9.4 Phpdiae Phpdiaehk hk Ehsp`i Ehsp`itemh temh Vnes syst`j nds b``h subl`it`f tm rekmrmus t`sts b`cmr` snepj`ht. Vm dvmef dhy imgges imggesemh emh eh trdhse trdhset, t, tnes sys syst`j t`j nds b``h idr`cug idr`cuggy gy pdiadk` pdiadk`f f b`cmr` trdhspmrtdtemh. Ppmh r`i`evehk tn` syst`j, in`ia tn` pdiadkehk idr`cuggy tm jda` sur` tndt tn`r` es hm pnyseidg fdjdk`, dhf ec tn`r` es, pg`ds` hmtecy \ybem―s dct`r-sdg`s f`pdrtj`ht mr ets gmidg dk`ht ejj`fedt`gy.
Dtt`htemh
Idr`cuggy fesjdhtg` dhf dvmef jdkh`tei rmfs imggesemh tndt w wegg egg fdjdk` tn` jdkh`tei rmfs.
9.2 9. 2 Ypdi` Ypdi` R`qu R`quer er`j `j`ht `hts s Vnes syst`j es r`stre r`streit`f it`f tm ehfmm ehfmmrr us` dhf tn` ehfmm ehfmmrr `hve `hvermhj` rmhj`ht ht snmugf snmug f b` `quep `quepp`f p`f wetn prmp` prmp`rr v`hte v`htegdtemh gdtemh,, cr`` mc imrrm imrrmsev` sev` kds dhf 43
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
wetnmut strmhk jdkh`tei ce`gf eht`rc`r`hi`. Fm hmt ehstdgg tn` syst`j dt dhy fdjp mr fusty pgdi`. Dgg mp`hehks eh tnes syst`j dr` cmr v`htegdtemh dhf n`dt fessepdtemh. _g`ds` fm hmt bgmia mr imv`r tn`s` v`htegdtemh nmg`s. Vn` festdhi` b`tw``h dhy v`htegdtemh nmg` mc tn` syst`j dhf tn` h`dr`st mbl`it snmugf b` dt g`dst 20ij furehk syst`j mp`rdtemh sm ds hmt tm dcc`it n`dt fessepdtemh. Vm `hsur` tn` spdi` r`que r`quer`f r`f cmr r`pde r`pderr dhf jdeht`hd jdeht`hdhi`, hi`, dhf imhsef`rehk tn` syst`j―s n`dt fessepdtemh, tn` ehstdggdtemh mc tn` syst`j snmugf j``t tn` cmggmwehk r`quer`j`hts< Vn` spd spdiehk iehk b` b`tw``h tw``h tn tn` ` g`ct/rek g`ct/reknt nt fmmr mc tn` sy syst`j st`j dhf tn tn` `
wdgg ≠ 4? ij1 Vn` spd spdiehk iehk b` b`tw``h tw``h tn tn` ` r`dr pdh` pdh`gg mc tn` sys syst`j t`j dhf tn` wd wdgggg ≠
20 ij1 Vn` jmu jmuhtehk htehk su surcdi` rcdi` mr cgm cgmmr mr snmu snmugf gf b` dbg` tm w wetnstdh etnstdhf f d gmdf
mc dt g`dst 4?? ak.
Dtt`htemh
Fm hmt pgdi` tn` f` f`vei` vei` eh d pmsetem pmsetemh h wn`r` et es fecceiu fecceiugt gt tm turh mcc tn` pmw`r swetin.
9.9 [mraeh [mraehk k @hve @hvermh rmhj`h j`htt R`que R`quer`j r`j`hts `hts Imhsef`rehk tn` syst`j―s sdc`ty dhf p`rcmrjdhi`, tn` ehstdggdtemh dhf wmraehk `hvermhj`ht mc tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j snmugf j``t tn` cmggmwehk r`quer`j`hts<
Vn` wmraehk `hvermhj`ht t`jp`rdtur` es k k`h`rdggy `h`rdggy 0℉~6?℉. Ec tn` t`st nds d nekn`r r`quer`j`ht eh r`kdrfs mc t`jp`rdtur`, tn` mp`rdtehk djbe`ht t`jp`rdtur` mc tn` syst`j just b` 2? ℉~9?℉1
Vn` r`gdtev` nujefety snmu snmugf gf b` 9?%~>?% dhf tn` dgtetuf` snmugf b` g`ss tndh 9??? j1
4;
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Vn` `hv `hvermhj` ermhj`ht ht snmu snmugf gf b` ds cd cdrr ds pmss pmssebg`, ebg`, cr` cr`` ` mc fust fust,, j`indheidg vebrdtemh, jdlmr hmes` smuri` dhf pmw`r eht`rc`r`hi`1
Et es dfvesdbg` tm dss dss`ss `ss tn` gdbmrdtmry―s `g`itrmjdkh`tei `hvermhj`ht b`cmr` mp`rdtehk tn` syst`j1
Dvme Dvmef f fer`it `x `xpmsur pmsur` ` tm suhgek suhgeknt nt mr pgdieh pgdiehk k tn` sys syst`j t`j h`dr dhy n`dt dhf wehf smuri`1
D w`gg v v`htegdt`f `htegdt`f pms pmsetemh etemh snm snmugf ugf b` s s`g`it`f1 `g`it`f1
Cmr ehfmmr-us`.
[drhehk
Vn` sys syst`j t`j snmug snmugf f hmt b` us`f eh d imjbust imjbustebg` ebg` mr `xpg `xpgmsev` msev` `hvermhj`ht.
Dtt`htemh
Ec tn` rmmj t`jp`rdtur` `xi``fs tn` syst`j―s mp`rdtehk t`jp`rdtur` t`jp` rdtur` rdhk`, tn` `xtrditem `xtrditemh h `cc`i `cc`itt mc tn` sys syst`j t`j wegg b` dcc`it`f.
9.6 9. 6 _mw`r _mw`r R`qu R`quer er`j `j`ht `hts s
_mw`r r`q r`quer`j`hts< uer`j`hts< B`cm B`cmr` r` imhh`it imhh`itehk ehk tm dh dgt`rhdtehk iurr`ht, jda` sur` tndt tn` vmgtdk` mc tn` pmw`r smuri` es imhsest`ht wetn tn` syst`j―s r`quer`f vmgtdk` (´4?% f`vedtemh es p`rjett`f). Jda` sur` tndt tn` rdt`f gmdf mc tn` pmw`r smia`t es hmt g`ss tndh tn` r`quer`j`ht mc tn` syst`j.
_mw` _mw`rr imrf r`que r`quer`j`h r`j`hts< ts< Ds d rug`, tne tnes s syst`j syst`j snmug snmugf f us` tn` diimjpdhyehk pmw`r imrf. Eh ids` mc dhy fdjdk` tm suin pmw`r imrf, et snmugf b` r`pgdi`f wetn d pmw`r imrf mc tn` sdj`
sp`ieceidt sp`ie ceidtemh emh wetnmut f`gdy. Fmh―t pgdi` dhy mbl`i mbl`itt mh tn` pmw`r
4>
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
imrf wn`h usehk tn` syst`j, fmh―t gdy tn` pmw`r imrf wn`r` p`rsmhh`g t`hf tm wdga dbmut.
_gukk _gukkehk ehk dhf uhp uhpgukk gukkehk ehk mc tn` pmw pmw`r `r imrf< Vn Vn` ` pmw`r im imrf rf just b` pgukk`f mr uhpgukk`f wetn ndhfs. [n`h imhh`itehk tn` syst`j tm tn` pmw`r smuri`, jda` sur` tndt tn` pguk es cuggy ehs`rt`f ehtm tn` smia`t. Fm hmt pugg mh tn` pmw`r imrf cmri`cuggy tm uhpguk.
[drhehk
Vn` sys syst`j t`j just b` us`f wetn k kmmf mmf krmuh krmuhfehk fehk eh pgdi` pgdi`..
Vn` mp`r mp`rdtmr dtmr just us` d cus` mc tn` ke kev`h v`h sp`ie sp`ieceidt ceidtemh. emh.
Jda` sur sur` ` tndt tn` mutput v vmgtdk` mgtdk` mc tn` pmw pmw`r `r smia` smia`tt j``ts tn` syst`j―s r`quer`j`hts.
Ec tn` cus` nds tm b` r`pgdi r`pgdi`f, `f, pg`ds pg`ds` ` imhtdi imhtditt tn` dct`r-sd dct`r-sdg`s g`s `hkeh``r.
9.0 9. 0 Krmuh Krmuhfeh fehk k mc mc tn` tn` Yyst` Yyst`j j
Vn` pmw pmw`r `r suppg suppgy y just b` prmp prmp`rgy `rgy krm krmuhf`f uhf`f,, mr `gs` tn`r tn`r` ` es d resa mc `g`itrei snmia.
Vn` krm krmuhf uhf r`se r`sestdhi stdhi` ` just b` g`s g`ss s tndh 4? jΥ. _mm _mmrr krmuhfehk krmuhfehk wegg g`df tm uhstdbg` t`st r`sugts dhf `g`itrei g`dadk` mc tn` `higmsur`, pmsehk d resa mc `g`itrei snmia.
Dtt`htemh
_g`ds _g`ds` ` pgdi` tn` sy syst`j st`j mh d s`iur` s`iur`,, cgdt surcdi` dh dhf f fm hmt
pgdi` et h`dr d i`htrecuk` mr dhy mtn`r vebrdtemh smuri`.
Fm hmt pgdi pgdi` ` tn` sys syst`j t`j wn`r` et es prm prmh` h` tm in`j in`jeidgs eidgs mr imrrmsev` kds`s ehcgu`hi` mr strmhk `g`itrmjdkh`tei eht`rc`r`hi`.
45
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Fm hmt pgdi` tn` sy syst`j st`j dt spmts wet wetn n fer`it suh suhgeknt, geknt, fdj fdjph`ss ph`ss mr nekn t`jp`rdtur`.
9.3 9. 3 _mw`r _mw`r Yupp Yuppgy gy In`ia In`ia
In`ia ttn` n` pmw` pmw`rr suppgy suppgy,, imhcerj tnd tndtt tn` pmw` pmw`rr suppgy es w wmraehk mraehk dhf idh prmvef` tn` imrr`it vmgtdk`1
In`ia tn` pmw pmw`r `r imrf mc tn tn` ` sys syst`j t`j dhf i imhcer mhcerj j tndt et es cer cerjgy jgy imhh`it`f wetn hm gmms`h`ss.
Idutemh
Vn` dii diimjpd mjpdhyehk hyehk pm pmw`r w`r imrf s snmugf nmugf b` u us`f s`f dhf tn` u us` s` mc dhy mtn`r pmw`r imrf jdy fdjd fdjdk` k` tn` sys syst`j. t`j.
2?
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 6 Mp`rdtemh Jdhudg 6.4 _r`pdr _r`pdrdtem dtemhs hs B B`cmr `cmr` ` Yy Yyst`j st`j Mp` Mp`rdt rdtemh emh
[drhehk
Vn` sp`iej`hs dr` gea`gy tm pms` pmt`htedg resas mc bemgm bemgmkeidg keidg ehc`itemh. [n`h tn` mp`rdtmr es `xpms`f tm r`g`vdht substdhi`s dhf dr`ds eh tn` gdbmrdtmry, n`/sn` snmugf cmggmw tn` gdbmrdtmry sdc`ty mp`rdtemh kuef`geh`s dhf put mh suin p`rsmhdg prmt`itev` `quepj`ht (__@s)ds gdbmrdtmry prmt`itev` igmtnehk, kgmv`s, jdsas, `ti.
_g`ds` fespms` mc tn` sp`iej`hs dhf us`f r` r`dk`ht dk`ht aets, jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s, r`dk`ht streps dhf mtn`r imhsujdbg` jdt`redgs diimrfehk tm tn` r`kugdtemhs mc tn` gmidg gdbmrdtmry1
Vnes indpt`r s`ts cmrtn tn` imhv`htemhdg j`tnmf mc p`rcmrjehk huig`ei dief `xtrditemh wetn tn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j.
B`cmr` ehetedg us`, pg`ds` r`df tnes s`itemh idr`cuggy.
Dtt`htemh
Fureh Furehk k tn` `xtrdi `xtrditemh, temh, fm hmt pgdi pgdi` ` tn` syst`j syst`j uhf`r fer`i fer`itt suhgeknt, sm ds hmt tm dcc`it tn` p`rcmrjdhi` mc tn` syst`j1
_g`ds _g`ds` ` fm hmt us` dhy r`dk r`dk`ht `ht aet tndt es pdst ets `xp `xperdtem erdtemh h fdt` mr
tndt nds spmeg`f. B`cmr` turhehk mh tn` esmgdtemh syst`j, tn` mp`rdtmr snmugf in`ia tn` syst`j diimrfehk tm tn` cmggmwehk r`quer`j`hts tm `hsur` tn` syst`j es r`dfy cmr mp`rdtemh.
24
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
B`cmr B`cmr` ` turhehk mh tn` syst`j, tn` mp`rdtm mp`rdtmrr snmugf in`ia tnrmu tnrmukn kn tn` trdhspdr`ht fmmr tm jda` sur` tndt tn` eht`remr mc tn` syst`j es ig`dh dhf cr`` mc cmr`ekh jdtt`r1 w Vn` mp`rdtmr ig`dhehk jdeht`hd etn mp`rd tn` tmr r`gjdy `vdhidrry t imhmut t`httn` s ig`dheh eh ‗Inkdpdhf t`r jdeht`hdhi` 0 Ig`dhi` hehkeh dgeh` hf Jdeht`hdhi`‚1
Vn` mp`r mp`rdtm dtmrr snm snmug ugf f turh mh tn` syst syst`j `j dct` dct`rr igm igmseh sehk k tn` sdc`t sdc`ty y fmmr1
R`d R`dk`h k`htt aets aets dhf jdkh jdkh`te `tei i rmf sg``v sg``v`s `s snm snmugf ugf b` ehs ehstdg tdgg`f g`f dct`r pmw`r-mh s`gc-t`st (_MYV).
6.2 Ehstdgg Ehstdggdte dtemh mh mc mc Jdk Jdkh`te h`tei i Rm Rmf f Yg` Yg``v`s `v`s Vnes syst`j dfmpts tn` dutmjdtei gmdfehk jmf` mc jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s, dhf tn` us`r es r`quer`f tm pgdi` tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s eh tn` sp`iece`f r`dk`ht aet diimrfehk tm tn` mp`rdtemh jdhudg. Diimrfehk tm tn` pmsetemhs mc tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s dhf r`dk`ht aet snmwh eh tn` cekur` b`gmw, tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s snmugf b` pgdi`f eh d 53-w`gg 53-w `gg r`dk`ht aet cegg`f wetn jdkh`tei b`dfs eh tn` fer`itemh fer`itemh ehfeidt` ehfeidt`f f by tn` drrmw.
Jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`
R`dk`ht aet
Cekur` 6 -4 Ehstdggdtemh mc Jdkh`tei Rmf Yg``v`s
22
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.9 Ehstdgg Ehstdggdte dtemh mh mc R`d R`dk`ht k`ht Aet Aets s
Cekur` Cekur ` 6 -2 Ehstdggdt Ehstdggdtemh emh mc R`dk` R`dk`ht ht Aets
Mp`h tn` jmfug` fmmr, dhf tn` sgmts crmj g`ct tm reknt dr` tn` i`gg gyses sgmt, jdkh`tei b`df sgmt, wdsnehk sgmt 4, wdsnehk sgmt 2 dhf `gutemh sgmt r`sp`itev`gy. r`sp`itev` gy. _ut r`dk r`dk`ht `ht aets eh tn` 0 gmidtehk gmidtehk sgmts eh tn` syst`j diimrfehk tm tn` mp`rdtemh jdhudg dhf gdb`g mc tn` r`dk`ht aets.
_gdi` tn` 5353-w`gg w`gg r`dk` r`dk`ht ht aet gmdf`f wetn jdk jdkh`tei h`tei rmf sg`` sg``v`s v`s eh tn` r`dk`ht aet gmidtehk sgmt s`imhf crmj tn` g`ct1
D stmp bgmia es pgd pgdi`f i`f mh bmtn se sef`s f`s mc `din gmi gmidtehk dtehk sgm sgmtt cegg`f wetn 53- w`gg r`dk`ht aet tm dssest tn` pmsetemh pmsetemhehk, ehk, dhf tn`r` es d
sprehk pe`i` mh bmtn sef`s tm n`gp cex tn` 53-w`gg r`dk`ht aet1
Vn` cerst dhf ce cectn ctn gmidte gmidtehk hk sgmts crmj tn` g` g`ct ct dr` `quepp`f `quepp`f wetn d n`dtehk f`vei`1
Ehs`rt tn tn` ` r`dk`h r`dk`htt aet ehtm tn` r`dk`h r`dk`htt aet gmidteh gmidtehk k sgmt dhf `hsu `hsur` r` tndt et es n`gf eh pgdi`1
29
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Dtt`htemh
Vn` 53-w` 53-w`gggg r`dk`ht aet jdy b` ehstdgg`f mhg mhgy y dct`r pmw`rpmw`r-mh mh s`gct`st (_MYV)1
Jda Jda` ` sur` tndt tn` 53-w` 53-w`gggg r`dk` r`dk`ht ht aet es g`v` g`v`g`f g`f dhf s`iu s`iur`g r`gy y eh pgdi` b`cmr` bmmstehk tn` prmkrdj.
6.6 6. 6 Ym Ymctw ctwdr dr` ` Mp Mp`rd `rdte temh mh 6.6.4 6.6 .4 Gduhin Gduhin Yir``h Yir``h Dct`r turhehk mh tn` pmw`r swetin mc tn` syst`j, tn` fespgdy sir``h snmws tn` cmggmwehk bmmt sir``h.
Cekur` 6-9 Gduhin Yir``h
Dct`r gduhinehk dhf ehetedgezdtemh, tn` syst`j uhf`rkm`s d s`gc-t`st wetn t`jp`rdtur` imhtrmg b`cmr` prmi``fehk tm tn` queia gduhin sir``h.
26
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Dtt`htemh
[n`h tn` sys syst`j t`j cdegs tm pdss tn` s`gc-t` s`gc-t`st, st, tn` sir``h fes fespgdys pgdys dh `rrmr j`ssdk`. _g`ds` ndhfg` tnes `rrmr by r`c`rrehk tm ‗Dhh`x D Cdugt Ehcmrjdtemh Gest‚.
Vn` jmtmr ruhs tnrm tnrmuknm uknmut ut tn` s`gc-t` s`gc-t`st. st. Vn` r`dk`h r`dk`htt aets dhf jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s snmugf b` ehstdgg`f dct`r tn` syst`j `ht`rs tn` gduhin sir``h.
6.6.2 6.6 .2 Cuhitem Cuhitemhs hs mc mc tn` Jdeh Jdeh Crdj` Crdj`
Cekur` 6-6 Ehtrmfuitemh mc tn` Jdeh Crdj`
Vn` g`ct sef` mc tn` sir``h es tn` jdeh crdj` mc tn` syst`j, wnein imhtdehs tn` cmggmwehk a`y cuhitemhs<
‗Ruh‚ subpdk`< lujp tm tn` queia gduhin/gest gduhin s sir``h1 ir``h1 ‗J ‗Jdh dhdk dk`j `j`h `ht‚ t‚ subp subpdk dk`< `< lu lujp jp tm tn` tn` pr prmk mkrd rdj j jd jdhd hdk` k`j` j`ht ht sir``h1
20
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
‗PS‚ subpdk`< lujp tm tn` PS st`regezdtemh s sir``h1 ir``h1
‗Y`tup‚ subp subpdk`< dk`< lujp tm tn` s`tup sir``h sir``h11
Ynutfmwh a` a`y< y< igms` tn tn` ` syst`j―s smctwdr` eht`rcdi`1
@x @xnd ndus ustt Cd Cdh h a` a`y< y< Igei Igeia a tn tn` ` cd cdh h eimh eimh tm turh turh mh mh/m /mcc cc tn` tn` sy syst st`j `j―s ―s `xndust cdh1
Gek Geknte ntehk hk Gdjp a`y< Igei Igeia a tn` cdh eimh tm turh turh mh mh/mcc /mcc tn` syst syst`j― `j―s s gdjp.
23
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.9 6.6 .9 Gduhin Gduhin Yir` Yir``h `h - Tueia Tueia Gduh Gduhin in
Cekur` 6-0 Ynmrtiut Gduhin Yir``h
Ec tn`r` dr` jdhy prmkrdjs, tn` mp`rdtmr jdy ve`w tn`j by usehk tn` g`ct dhf reknt pdk`-turhehk a`ys dt tn` gmw`r g`ct mc tn` sir``h. Eh tn` queia gduhin sir``h, igeia tn` prmkrdj snmrtiut eimh mc tn` prmpms`f `xtrditemh et`j, dhf ‗_rmjpt‚ Fedgmk wegg pmp up.
2;
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Cekur` 6-3 Ynmrtiut Gduhin - Imhcerjdtemh Fedgmk
B`cmr` igeiaehk mh ‗Imhcerj‚, pg`ds` in`ia dhf imhcerj tndt tn` r`dk`ht aets dhf jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s dr` s`iur`gy ehstdgg`f eh pgdi` dhf tn` jmfug` fmmr es igms`f.
Igeia ‗Imh ‗Imhcerj‚, cerj‚, dhf tn` sys syst`j t`j wegg ruh tn` s`g`it`f prmk prmkrdj rdj dhf tn` ruhhehk stdtus sir``h wegg dpp`dr1
Igeia ‗Idhi`g‚ tm idhi`g tn` s`g`it`f ruhhehk prmkrdj.
Dtt`htemh
B`cmr B`cmr` ` gduhin gduhinehk ehk tn` prmk prmkrdj, rdj, in`i in`ia a ec tn` r`dk`ht aet aets s dr` ehstdgg`f eh pgdi` dhf ec tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v` es pgdi`f eh tn` r`dk`ht aet eh tn` Hm.2 sgmt tm dvmef dhy `xtrditemh cdegur` mr syst`j imhtdjehdtemh fu` tm ehstdggdtemh cdegur` mr cmrk`ttehk tm ehstdgg.
2>
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.6 6.6 .6 Gduhin Gduhin Yir``h Yir``h - Gest Gest Bmmt Bmmt Vn` tmkkg` a`y ‗Tueia Gduhin/Gest Gduhin/Gest Gduhin‚ mh tn` tmp reknt imrh` imrh`rr mc tn` sir``h tm sweti swetin n b`tw``h Tueia Gduhin dhf Gest Gduhi Gduhin n mc tn` gduhin sir``h. Ec tn`r` dr` jdhy prmkrdjs, tn` mp`rdtmr jdy ve`w tn`j by usehk tn` pdk`-turhehk a`ys dt tn` reknt sef` mc tn` mp`rdtemh tdbg`.
Igeia tn` se sehkg`hkg`-drrmw drrmw pdk pdk` ` turhehk a`y mh mhi` i` tm cgep mh` rmw mc tn` tdbg`1 igeia tn` fmubg`-drrmw pdk` turhehk a`y mhi` tm cgep d wnmg` pdk` mc tn` tdbg`.
Cekur` 6-; Gest Gduhin Yir``h
Eh tn` gest gduhin sir``h sir``h,, igeia tn` rmw imrr`s imrr`spmhfe pmhfehk hk tm tn` prmpms` prmpms`f f `xtrditemh et`j, dhf ‗Gest‚wegg pmp up.
25
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Cekur` Cekur ` 6-> Gest Gduhin - Imhcer Imhcerjdtemh jdtemh Fedgmk
B`cmr` igeiaehk ‗Ruh‚, pg`ds` in`ia dhf imhcerj tndt r`dk`ht aets dr` ehstdgg`f eh pgdi`, tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s dr` pgdi`f eh tn` r`dk`ht aet eh tn` Hm.2 sgmt dhf tn` jmfug` fmmr es igms`f.
ruhhehk Igeia ‗Ru ‗Ruh‚, h‚, dhf tn` syst syst`j wegg ruh tn` s`g`it`f s`g`it`f prmkrdj dhf tn` stdtus sir``h wegg`j dpp`dr1
Ec ymu wdht tm ruh crmj d sp`i sp`iece`f ece`f st`p, ymu ymu jdy, eh tn` fedgmk bmx bmx,, s`g`it tn` rmw tn` imrr`spmhfehk st`p es eh b`gmhks (tn` imgmr mc tn` rmw wegg indhk` dct`r et―s s`g`it`f), dhf tn`h igeia ‗Yt`p Ruh‚. Vn` syst`j wegg saep tn` pr`vemus st`ps dhf stdrt ruhhehk crmj tn` sp`iece`f st`p, kmehk mh tm imjpg`t` tn` suii``fehk st`ps.
Igeia ‗Idhi`g‚ tm idhi`g tn` s`g`it`f ruhhehk prmkrdj.
9?
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6. 6.6. 6.0 0 _rmk _rmkrd rdj j Ru Ruh h
Cekur` 6-5 Ruhhehk Yir``h
Dt tn` tmp mc tn` sir``h es d prmkr`ss bdr, wnein snmws tn` hdj` mc tn` prmkrdj, tn` prmkr`ss mc tn` ruhhehk st`p dhf tn` r`jdehehk tej`. 4. Dt tn` up upp`r p`r pdr pdrtt mc tn` si sir``h r``h es tn tn` ` sin` sin`jdte jdtei i fedkr fedkrdj dj mc tn` r`dk`ht aet, wnein wegg sejugtdh`musgy ehfeidt` tn` iurr`htgy ruhhehk sgmt dhf r`dg-tej` t`jp`rdtur`.
[n`h tn` ruhh ruhhehk ehk prmk prmkrdj rdj r`din r`din`s `s d pdrteiugd pdrteiugdrr sgmt mc tn` r`dk`ht aet, tn` imgmr mc tn` sgmt imrr`spmhfehk tm tn` sin`jdtei fedkrdj wegg indhk` imgmr wneg` tn` mtn`r sgmts wegg r`jde r`jdeh h krdy krdy..
Vn` t`jp` t`jp`rdtur` rdtur` imrr imrr`spm `spmhfehk hfehk tm tn` sgmts jdra jdra`f `f V4 dhf V2 mh tn` syst`j wegg b` fespgdy`f r`dg-tej` b`gmw tn` sgmts tm r`dgez` t`jp`rdtur` imhtrmg wetn prmkrdj s`ttehks.
2. Vn`r` d dr` r` ‗Ytm ‗Ytmp‚ p‚ dhf ‗_ ‗_dus` dus`‚‚ a`ys eeh h tn` i`h i`ht`r t`r mc tn` sir`` sir``h. h. ‗_dus`/Imhtehu`‚‚ tm pdus` dhf r`suj` prmkrdj ruhh ruhhehk. ehk. Igeia ‗_dus`/Imhtehu`
94
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Ige Igeia ia ‗Ytmp ‗Ytmp‚, ‚, dhf tn` ‗stm ‗stmp‚ p‚ prmjp prmjptt fed fedgmk gmk bmx wegg pmp up. Ige Igeia ia ‗Idh ‗I dhi` i`g‚ g‚,, dh dhf f tn tn` ` pr prmk mkrd rdj j we wegg gg im imhte htehu hu` ` tm ruh. ruh. Igei Igeia a ‗M ‗MA‚ A‚ dh dhf f prmkrdj ruhhehk wegg r`turh tm tn` ehetedg pmsetemh, dhf tn` buttmh weggg swe weg swetin tin crm crmj j ‗Yt ‗Ytmp‚ mp‚ tm ‗Yt ‗Ytdrt drt‚. ‚. Ige Igeia ia ‗Ytd ‗Ytdrt‚ rt‚ tm r`r`-`x` `x`iut iut` ` tne tnes s prmkrdj.
9. Dt tn` gmw gmw`r `r pdrt mc tn tn` ` sir` sir``h `h es d ges gestt mc prmk prmkrdj rdj st`p st`ps, s, wnei wnein n snmw snmws s eh f`tdeg tn` st`p, st`p hdj`, w`gg pmset pmsetemh, emh, wdetehk tej`, jexehk tej`, jdkh`tei dbsmrptemh tej`, vmguj`, jexehk sp``f dhf t`jp`rdtur` mc `din prmkrdj st`p.
[n`h tn` ruhhe ruhhehk hk prmkrd prmkrdj j r`din`s d pdrtei pdrteiugdr ugdr st`p, tn` imgmr mc tn` rmw imrr`spmhfehk tm tndt st`p wegg indhk`.
Furehk Fureh k prmk prmkrdj rdj ruhhehk, tn` syst`j wegg dutmj dutmjdteid dteidggy ggy jmv` tm tn` #2 sgmt tm gmdf jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s. Ppmh tn` `hf mc prmkrdj ruhhehk, tn` jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s wegg b` r`turh`f tm tn` #2 sgmt. Ec tn` fmmr mc tn` syst`j es mp`h`f furehk prmkrdj ruhhehk, d prmjpt ehfeidtehk ehfei dtehk dbhmrj dbhmrjdg dg fmmr igmsehk igmsehk wegg pmp up dhf tn` mp`rd mp`rdtemh temh mc tn` syst`j wegg pdus` ejj`fedt`gy. Vn` syst`j wegg r`suj` mp`rdtemh dct`r ets jmfug` fmmr es prmp`rgy igms`f.
Dtt`htemh
Fm hmt mp`h tn` fmmr wneg` tn` prmk prmkrdj rdj es ruhhehk tm dvmef irmss irmss imhtdjehdtemh mc tn` eht`rhdg dhf `xt`rhdg `hvermhj`ht mc tn` syst`j.
[n`h tn` n`dteh n`dtehk k cuhitemh es us`f furehk prmk prmkrdj rdj ruhheh ruhhehk, k, fm hmt tmuin tn` n`dt`r strep tm dvmef dvmef burhs.
92
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Cekur` 6-4? PS Yt`regezdtemh _rmjpt
Dct`r tn` `hf mc `xtrditemh, tn` PS st`regezdtemh prmjpt wegg pmp up mh tn` syst`j sir``h.
Ec PS st`re st`regez gezdtem dtemh h es hmt r`qu r`quer` er`f f dct`r dct`r `hf mc tn` `xtr `xtrdit ditemh emh,, ige igeia ia tn` ‗Idhi`g‚ a`y.
99
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.3 6.6 .3 PS Yt`reg Yt`regezd ezdtem temh h Igeia ‗PS Yt`regezdtemh‚ mh tn` g`ct sef`bdr tm lujp tm tn` PS st`regezdtemh sir``h.
Cekur` 6-44 PS Yt`regezdtemh Yir``h
Vn` PS st`regezdtemh tej` idh b` indhk`f b`cmr` PS st`regezdtemh.
Igeia tn` tej tejehk ehk ehput bm bmx x tm `ht`r tn` PS st`re st`regezdte gezdtemh mh tej`.
Dgt` Dgt`rhd rhdtev tev`gy `gy,, igeia igeia ‗+‚ mr ‗-‚ tm dfl dflust ust tn` st` st`reg regezd ezdtemh temh tej` tej`.. @di @din n igeia dflusts tn` tej` by 4 jehut`.
Ec hm in indh dhk` k`s s dr dr` ` jd jdf` f`,, PS st st`r `reg egez ezdt dtem emh h wegg wegg b` id idrr rre` e`f f mu mutt diimrfehk tm tn` iurr`ht tej`.
Igeia tn` PS st`regezdtemh eimh (e.`., tn` rmuhf buttmh eh tn` i`ht`r mc tn` sir``h) tm turh PS st`regezdtemh mh mr mcc.
Igeia tn` PS st`reg st`regezdte ezdtemh mh eimh (e.`., tn` rmuh rmuhf f buttmh eh tn` i`ht`r mc tn` sir``h) tm turh mh tn` PS gdjp dhf stdrt tn` PS st`regezdtemh. J`dhwneg`, tn` st`regezdtemh tej` imuhtfmwh wegg b`keh.
96
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Gea`w Gea`wes`, es`, ec ymu wdht tm idhi`g idhi`g d PS st`re st`regezdte gezdtemh mh eh prmkr`ss prmkr`ss,, igeia tn` PS st`regezdtemh eimh (e.`., tn` rmuhf buttmh eh tn` i`ht`r mc tn` sir``h) tm turh mcc tn` PS gdjp, dhf stmp PS st`regezdtemh dhf ets imuhtfmwh. Umu jdy teia ‗Ynutf ‗Ynutfmwh mwh dct`r PS Yt`regez Yt`regezdtemh dtemh‚, ‚, dhf mhi` teia`f, tn` syst`j wegg b` dutmjdteidggy snut fmwh dct`r tn` `hf mc tn` PS st`regezdtemh imuhtfmwh.
Ec tn` syst`j―s jmfug` fmmr es mp`h`f furehk tn` st`regezdtemh, tn` PS gdjp wegg b` dutmjdtei dutmjdteidggy dggy turh`f mcc dhf tn` st`reg st`regezdtem ezdtemh h wegg pdus pdus`. `. Vn` PS gdjp wegg b` turh`f mh dhf tn` st`regezdtemh r`suj`f dct`r tn` syst`j―s jmfug` fmmr es igms`f.
6.6.; 6.6 .; _rmkrd _rmkrdj j Jdh Jdhdk` dk`j`h j`htt Igeia ‗Jdhdk`‚ mh tn` g`ct sef`bdr tm lujp tm tn` ‗Jdhdk`‚ sir``h.
Cekur` 6-42 _rmkrdj Jdhdk`j`ht Yir``h
90
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Eh tn` prmkrdj jdhdk`j`ht gest, ymu jdy s`t queia gduhin dhf prmkrdj gmia.
Igei Igeia a tn tn` ` ‗ ‚ mc tn tn` ` ‗snm ‗snmrt rtiu iut‚ t‚ im imgu gujh jh mc tn` im imrr rr`s `spm pmhf hfeh ehk k prmkrdj. [n`h tn` igeia`f ‗ ‚ b`imj`s ‗ ‚, et ehfeidt`s tndt tn` prmkrdj wegg dpp`dr eh tn` snmrtiut gest1 ec ‗ ‚ r`turhs dct`r ‗ ‚ es igeia`f, et ehfeidt`s tndt tn` prmkrdj wegg hmt dpp`dr eh tn` snmrtiut gest.
Eh tn` Gmia imgu imgujh, jh, ec tn` eimh es d igms`f gm gmia, ia, et ehfeidt ehfeidt`s `s tndt tn` prmkrdj es gmia`f dhf idhhmt b` `fet`f, f`g`t`f mr sdv`f1 ec tn` eimh es dh mp`h`f gmia, et ehfeidt`s tndt tn` prmkrdj es uhgmia`f dhf idh b` `fet`f.
Vn`r` dr` ‗H` ‗H`w‚, w‚, ‗@fet‚, ‗Yd ‗Ydv` v` Ds‚ dhf ‗F`g` ‗F`g`t`‚ t`‚ a`ys dt tn` gmw`r pdrt mc tn` sir``h.
93
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.;.4 H`w _rmkrdj Igeia ‗H`w‚ mh tn` ‗Jdhdk`‚ sir``h tm lujp tm tn` H`w sir``h.
Cekur` 6-49 H`w _rmkrdj Yir``h
Vn` cerst st`p r`quer`s tn` us`r tm `ht`r tn` hdj` mc tn` h`w prmkrdj.
‗Dff‚ ‗Dff‚
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
ndv` hm ‗V`jp‚ (V`jp`rdtur`) hujb`r bmx. Vn` ‗V`jp‚ (V`jp`rdtur`) hujb`r bmx dggmws cmr tn` `htry mc tn` f`ser`f t`jp`rdtur` vdgu`1 ec tn` vdgu` ‗?‚ es `ht`r`f, et ehfeidt`s tndt tn` sgmt wegg hmt b` n`dt`f wn`h tn` prmkrdj ruhs tm tnes st`p. ‗Jex]_ms.‚, ‗Jex]Rdhk`‚, ‗Jdk]_ms.‚ dhf ‗Jdk]Yp``f‚ dr` `xt`hf`f pdrdj`t`rs wnein usudggy dssuj` f`cdugt vdgu`s dhf r`quer` hm jmfeceidtemh by mrfehdry us`rs. Ec tn` us`r nds dhy sp`iedg r`quer`j`ht, tn` r`g`vdht pdrdj`t`rs jdy b` dflust`f diimrfehk tm ditudg imhfetemhs. Igeia ‗Ydv`‚ tm sdv` tn` st`p pdrdj`t`rs. Igeia ‗Idhi`g‚, dhf tn` prmjpt bmx wegg pmp up. Vn` us`r jdy inmms` hmt tm sdv` tn` iurr`ht st`p b`ehk `fet`f. 6.6.;.9 Mptemhs
Cekur` 6-40 Mptemhs Yir``h
95
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
‗Mptemhs‚ es tn` s`ttehk mc d prmkrdj, wnein usudggy tda`s d f`cdugt vdgu` vdgu ` dhf r`quer` r`quer`s s hm jmfeceidt jmfeceidtemh emh by mrfeh mrfehdry dry us`rs. Ec tn` us`r nds dhy sp`iedg r`quer`j`ht, tn` r`g`vdht pdrdj`t`r jdy b` dflust`f diimrfehk tm ditudg imhfetemhs.
6. 6.6. 6.> > Y`tu Y`tup p Igeia ‗Y`tup‚ mh tn` g`ct sef`bdr tm lujp tm tn` ‗Y`tup‚ sir``h
Cekur` 6-43 Y`tup Yir``h
Vn` Vn ` Y` Y`tu tup p sir` r``h `h dg dggm gmw ws cm cmrr tn tn` ` mp` mp`rdte rdtemh mh mc ‗Y ‗Yy yst`j t`j Vej ej` `‚,
‗Dbmut‚ ,‗Ejpmrt/@xpmrt‚,‗Y`rvei`‚ dhf ‗Yir``h Idg.‚ (Yir``h Idgebrdtemh).
6?
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.>.4 Yyst`j Vej` Y`tup Igeia ‗Yyst`j Vej`‚ mh tn` g`ct sef`bdr tm lujp tm tn` ‗Yyst`j & Fdt`‚ sir``h.
Cekur` 6-4; Vej` Y`tup Yir``h
Vn Vn` ` syst syst`j― `j―s s iu iurr rr`h `htt fd fdt` t` dh dhf f te tej` j` id idh h b` jm jmfe fece` ce`f, f, dh dhf f tn` tn` vdgu`s idh b` `ht`r`f wetn tn` huj`rei a`ypdf.
Vn` fdt` cmr cmrjdt jdt idh b` s`g`i s`g`it`f t`f crmj d frmpfrmp-fmwh fmwh bmx. bmx.
64
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.>.2 Ejpmrt/@xpmrt Vn` syst`j―s syst`j―s prmkrd prmkrdj j idh b` ejpmrt` ejpmrt`f/`x f/`xpmrt`f pmrt`f..
Cekur` 6-4> Ejpmrt/@xpmrt Yir``h
62
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.>.9 Dbmut Vn` syst`j―s v`rsemh ehcmrjdtemh idh b` ve`w`f.
Cekur` 6-45 Dbmut Yir``h
6.6.>.6 Yir``h Idgebrdtemh Igeia tn` ‗Yir``h Idg.‚ (Yir``h Idgebrdtemh) Idgebrdtemh) eimh tm lujp tm tn` Vmuin Yir``h Idgebrdtemh Yir``h. Idgebrdt` diimrfehk tm tn` mp`rdtehk ehstruitemhs mh tn` idgebrdtemh sir``h.
69
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
6.6.5 6.6 .5 Vrmubg Vrmubg`sn `snmmt mmtehk ehk Ec tn`r` es d syst`j cdugt, tn` dgdrj prmjpt tmh` wegg b` trekk`r`f. Igeia dhy spmt mh tn` sir``h tm turh mcc tn` dgdrj prmjpt tmh`. J`dhwneg`, tn` cdugt prmjpt wegg dpp`dr dt tn` gmw`r reknt imrh`r mc tn` sir``h dhf tn` hdj` mc tn` cdugt wegg b` fespgdy`f wetneh tn` mrdhk` dr`d.
Cekur` 6-2? Cdugt Fespgdy Ytdtus Yir``h
_g`ds` igeia eh tn` mrdhk` dr`d tm `gejehdt` tn` cdugt wetn mh` igeia diimrfehk tm tn` ehstruitemhs eh tn` pmp-up bmx, mr imhtdit mur dct`r-sdg`s
p`rsmhh`g/dutnmrez`f f`dg`r.
66
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 0 Ig`dhehk dhf Jdeht`hdhi` 0.4 Jdeht`h Jdeht`hdhi` dhi` dhf Y`rveieh Y`rveiehk k 4. _g`ds _g`ds` ` r`df tn tn` ` mp`rd mp`rdtemh temh jd jdhudg hudg id idr`cug r`cuggy gy b`cmr b`cmr` ` usehk tn` syst`j1 2. Fureh Furehk k us`, jd jda` a` sur` tn tndt dt tn`r tn`r` ` es v`h v`htegdtem tegdtemh h drmuh drmuhf f tn` sy syst`j1 st`j1 9. A``p tn tn` ` `xp `xp`rej`h `rej`htt jmfug jmfug`―s `―s eht` eht`rhdg rhdg `h `hverm vermhj`ht hj`ht fr fry y dhf cr` cr`` ` crmj wdt`r stdeh stdeh11 6. Fmh―t u us` s` tn` s syst`j yst`j w wn`h n`h tn` v vmgtdk` mgtdk` ees s uhstd uhstdbg`, bg`, tmm n nekn ekn mr tm tmm m gmw1 0. Dct`r us us`, `, ig`d ig`dh h tn` `x `xp`rej` p`rej`ht ht jmfu jmfug` g` wetn ; ;0% 0% `tnd `tndhmg, hmg, tn` tn`h h turh mh tn` PS gdjp cmr hm g`ss tndh 9? jehut`s cmr st`regezdtemh1 3. Ec tn` sy syst`j st`j es a` a`pt pt efg` cm cmrr gmhk, uh uhpguk pguk tn tn` ` sys syst`j t`j dhf im imv`r v`r et wetn d fust imv`r tm pr`v`ht tn` ehtrusemh mc fust1 ;. Ec tn` sy syst`j st`j es a` a`pt pt efg` cm cmrr gmhk, et es sukk sukk`st`f `st`f tn tndt dt tn` s syst`j yst`j b` turh`f mh cmr efg` ruhhehk `v`ry 9? fdys tm `hsur` ets r`gedbg` p`rcmrjdhi`.
Dtt`htemh
Fm hmt p`rcmrj dhy jdeht`hdhi` mp`rdtemh mh tn` sys syst`j t`j wneg`
tn` syst`j es mp`rdtehk.
0.2 Cegt`r Cegt`r Yir``h Yir``h R`pgdi` R`pgdi`j`h j`htt Vnes syst`j es `quepp`f wetn suin cuhitemhs ds `xt`rhdg-fesindrk` N@_D cegt`r, h`kdtev` pr`ssur` `xndust, `ti., dhf tnes bemgmkeidg cegt`r sir``h idh dbsmrb d`rmsmg tm pr`v`ht irmss imhtdjehdtemh.
60
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Vm `hsur` r`gedbg` p`rcmrjdhi` p`rcmrjdhi` mc tn` syst`j, et es sukk`st` sukk`st`f f tndt tn` cegt`r sir``h mh tn` bdia mc tn` syst`j b` r`pgdi`f mhi` `v`ry 9 jmhtns. Furehk r`pgdi`j`ht mc cegt`r sir``h, r`jmv` tn` 6 sir`ws mc `din mc tn` twm `xndust pmrts mh tn` bdia mc tn` syst`j, tn`h jmuht tn` h`w cegt`r sir``h, a``pehk tn` kr``h surcdi` mc cegt`r sir``h fmwhwdrf dhf igms` tm tn` cdh, ds snmwh eh tn` krdpn b`gmw.
Cegt`r Yir``h
Cekur` 0-4 R`pgdi`j`ht mc Cegt`r Yir``h
0.9 0. 9 _`rem _`remfe fei i Ig`d Ig`dhe hehk hk
Vn` mbl`its r`quer`f tm ig`dh tn` syst`j ehiguf`< ⑯ ;0% `tndhmg1
⑤ig`dhehk igmtn. [dsn tn` ig`dhehk igmtn us`f furehk ig`dhehk wetn gequef f`t`rk`ht, rehs` et wetn ig`dh wdt`r tn`h der-fry et cmr cutur` us`. Jda` h`i`ssdry r`pgdi`j`ht dct`r gmhk-t`rj us`. 4. B`c B`cmr` mr` i ig`d g`dheh hehk, k, turh mh tn tn` ` PS gdjp d dhf hf a` a``p `p et mh cmr dt g` g`dst dst 9? jehut`s. 2. Dct`r tn` `hf mc `di `din n `xp`re `xp`rej`ht j`ht dhf fdeg fdegy y `xp`r `xp`rej`htd ej`htdgg wmra<
Yprdy ig ig`dh `dh tn` wdgg mc tn` `xp` `xp`rej`h rej`htt jmfug` dhf jdk jdkh`tei h`tei rmf rdia wetn ;0% `tndhmg1
63
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
[ep` tn` eht` eht`rhdg rhdg wdgg mc tn` `xp `xp`rej`h `rej`htt jmfug`, tn` jdk jdkh`tei h`tei rmfs dhf jdkh`tei rmf rdia wetn d ig`dh ig`dhehk ehk igmtn jmest`h`f wetn ;0% `tndhmg, tn`h fry tn`j wetn d fry ig`dhehk igmtn1
Vurh mh tn` P PS S gdjp dhf a` a``p `p et mh cmr dt g`ds g`dstt 40~ 9? jehut`s cmr st`regezdtemh.
Dtt`htemh
_mure _murehk hk tn` smgu smgutemh temh fer fer`itgy `itgy eh ehtm tm tn` `xp` `xp`rej`h rej`htt jmfug` es s streitgy treitgy prmnebet`f.
[drhehk
Fm hmt ig`dh tn` sy syst`j st`j w wn`h n`h et ees s pmw` pmw`r`f1 r`f1
Fm hmt wep wep` ` tn` syst` syst`j j wetn kdsm kdsmgeh`, geh`, pd pdeht eht tnehh tnehh`r, `r, b`hz b`hz`h` `h` imjpmuhfs dhf mtn`r mrkdhei smgv`hts gea`gy tm imrrmf` tn` syst`j1
Ig`dh Ig`dhehk ehk igm igmtn tn snmu snmugf gf b` jdf jdf` ` crmj geh geht-cr`` t-cr`` j jdt`red dt`redgs gs mr b` fespmsdbg` dbsmrb`ht pdp`r1
D smct fry igmtn mr d s smct mct igmt igmtn n jmest jmest`h`f `h`f w wetn etn jegf f` f`t`rk t`rk`ht `ht jdy b` us`f tm wep` dhf a``p tn` syst`j ig`dh. Et es dfvesdbg` tm wep`
tn` sir``h wetn d smct, w`dr-cr`` igmtn, dhf dvmef wdsnehk tn` sir``h wetn wdt`r.
0.6 0. 6 [dst` [dst` Fesp Fespms msdg dg Ps`f fespmsdbg` r`dk`ht aets, jdkh`tei rmf sg``v`s dhf mtn`r typ`s mc us`f wdst` k`h`rdt`f furehk hmrjdg mp`rdtemh mc tn` syst`j ds w`gg ds r`jdehehk `xtrditemh sp`iej`hs jdy pmssebgy imhtdeh bemgmkeidg imhtdjehdhts, dhf snmugf b` r`imv`r`f dhf st`regez`f diimrfehk tm tn` prmvesemhs mc r`g`vdht hdtemhdg gdws dhf r`kugdtemhs.
6;
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Idutemh Vn` wdst` k`h`rdt`f furehk tn` mp`rdtemh mc tn` esmgdtemh syst`j pms`s d resa mc bemgmkeidg dhf in`jeidg imhtdjehdtemh dhf snmugf b` fespms`f mc prmp`rgy.
0.0 Fespms Fespmsdg dg mc Yirdpp` Yirdpp`f f esmgd esmgdtemh temh Yyst`js Yyst`js
[n`h tn` syst`j r`din`s ets sirdppehk p`remf, et snmugf b` fespms`f mc ds j`feidg f`vei` wdst` diimrfehk tm gmidg r`kugdtemh.
6>
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r 3 Vrdhspmrtdtemh dhf Ytmrdk` 3.4 Vrdhspmr Vrdhspmrtdte tdtemh mh mc tn` Yyst`j Yyst`j 4. Vn` syst`j dfmpts idrtmh pdiadkehk cmr gmhk-festdhi` trdhspmrtdtemh1 2. Vn` syst`j eh trdhset snmugf b` prmt`it`f dkdehst fdjph`ss, wdt`r, vemg`ht vebrdtemh dhf squ``zehk. Vn` syst`j snmugf b` ndhfg`f wetn idr` furehk jmvehk dhf gmdfehk/uhgmdfehk. 9. Ec tn` syst`j nds tm b` jmv`f, us` irmss-r`i`ss`f n`df sir`ws tm cex jdkh`tei rmf sg``v` nmgf`rs mh tn` jmvehk j`indhesj. Dct`r et es b`ehk f`gev`r`f tm tn` f`sekhdt`f pmeht, tn` cex`f irmss-r`i`ss`f n`df sir`ws sir` ws snmugf b` r`jmv r`jmv`f `f b`cmr b`cmr` ` tn` ehstdggdte ehstdggdtemh mh dhf us` mc tn` syst`j. 6. Vn` us`r es `xp`it`f tm a``p tn` syst`j―s mrekehdg pdiadkehk jdt`redg jdt`r edg tm cdiege cdiegetdt` tdt` tn` trdhsp trdhspmrtdtem mrtdtemh h mc tn` syst`j.
Dtt`htemh
Furehk trdhspmrtdtemh, tm dv dvmef mef sdjpgehk imjpmh imjpmh`ht `ht fdjdk`, ym ymu u h``f tm cex jmvehk imjpmh`hts wetn igdjps/idbg` te`s.
Dct`r tn` syst` syst`j j es ehstdgg`f dhf wmra wmras s hmrjdggy hmrjdggy,, et snmu snmugf gf hmt b` jmv`f eh mrf`r tm dvme dvmef f vebrd vebrdtemh temh dhf fdjdk fdjdk` ` tm tn` neknnekn-pr`ies pr`iesemh emh imjpmh`hts dhf vugh`rdbg` pdrts ehsef`, tnus dcc`itehk tn` hmrjdg mp`rdtemh mc tn` dhdgyz`r.
Ec tn` syst`j es tm b` jmv` jmv`f, f, et just b` pgdi`f eh tn` pdiadke pdiadkehk hk bmx, dhf tn`h idrre`f by jmr` tndh 2 p`rsmh.
65
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
3.4.4 Krdpn Krdpnei ei Eg Eggustrd gustrdtemhs temhs mc @xt`rhdg @xt`rhdg _diadk _diadkehk ehk ‗Ppwdrf‚< Vn`
‗Crdkeg` Et`js‚ <
trdhspmrtdtemh
Ndhfg` tnes
pdiadk` snmugf b`
trdhspmrtdtemh
a`pt strdeknt up eh
pdiadk` idr`cuggy
trdhset.
dhf k`htgy.
‗Dvmef Rdeh‚ < Vnes trdhspmrtdtemh pdiadk` es `dsegy fdjdk`f by rdehwdt`r.
‗Fm Hmt Rmgg‚ < Vnes trdhspmrtdtemh pdiadk` idhhmt b` rmgg`f.
‗Ytdiaehk Gdy`r Gejet‚< Vnes trdhspmrtdtemh pdiadk` idh b` stdia`f eh dt jmst twm gdy`rs.
3.2 Vrdhspmr Vrdhspmrtdte tdtemh mh dhf Ytmrdk` Ytmrdk` 3.2.4 Vrdhsp Vrdhspmrtdtem mrtdtemh h Ehstru Ehstruitemhs itemhs Vn` huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j snmugf b` trdhspmrt`f eh pdiadk` eh diimrfdhi` wetn tn` r`quer`j`hts eh tn` mrf`r imhtrdit, dhf snmugf b` prmt`it`f crmj s`v`r` snmia, vebrdtemh, rdeh dhf shmw spgdsn dhf smgdr `xpmsur` furehk trdhspmrtdtemh.
3.2.2 3.2 .2 Ytmrdk` Ytmrdk` Imh Imhfete fetemhs mhs Vn` pdia`f huig`ei dief esmgdtemh syst`j snmugf b` stmr`f eh d ig`dh rmmj wetn djbe`ht t`jp`rdtur`< t`jp`rdtur`< -2?¿I ~ +00¿I +00¿I,, r`gdtev r`gdtev` ` nujef nujefety< ety< 4?% ~ 5?%, dtjmspn`rei pr`ssur`< 0?.? a_d ~ 4?3.? a_d, wetnmut imrrmsev` kds dhf wetn kmmf v`htegdtemh.
0?
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Dtt`htemh
Vn` mp` mp`rdtmr rdtmr sn snmugf mugf us` tn tn` ` jdkh` jdkh`tei tei rmf sg sg``v` ``v`s s dhf r`dk` r`dk`ht ht aets f`sekhdt`f f`sek hdt`f by \ybe \ybem m dhf stmr` dhf us` tn`j eh streit diimrf diimrfdhi` dhi` wetn tn` ehstruitemhs ehstruitemhs cmr us` mc jdkh` jdkh`tei tei rmf sg``v sg``v`s `s dhf r`dk` r`dk`ht ht aets.
04
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Indpt`r ; _mehts mc Dtt`htemh ;.4 Ehstdgg Ehstdggdte dtemh mh Dtt`hte Dtt`htemhs mhs Ehetedgg ehstdg Eheted ehstdggdtem gdtemh h mc tn` syst`j snmugf b` p`rcm p`rcmrj`f rj`f by tn` jdhucditur`r―s s`rvei` p`rsmhh`g dhf sp`iedggy trdeh`f f`dg`rs.
;.2 ;. 2 Ps` Ps` Dtt`h Dtt`htem temhs hs
B`cmr B`cmr` ` turhehk mh tn` sy syst`j, st`j, jda jda` ` sur` tndt tn` s`iu s`iurety rety pdh pdh`g `g es igms`f.
Fm hmt us` tn` sys syst`j t`j wn`h tn` s`i s`iurety urety pdh pdh`g `g es mp`h`f mp`h`f..
Fm hmt put ymur ndh ndhfs fs ehtm tn` sys syst`j t`j tnrmuk tnrmukn n tn` mp`heh mp`hehk k b`gmw tn` y`ggmw geh` dt tn` crmht `hf mc tn` syst`j.
Ec tn` syst` syst`j j stmps ruhhe ruhhehk hk fu` tm pmw`r cdeg cdegur` ur` mr cmr dhy mtn`r r`dsmh, dgg pdrtgy prmi`ss`f sp`iej`hs snmugf b` fesidrf`f.
_g`ds _g`ds` ` jda` sur` tnd tndtt dgg t`st tub`s dr` dii diiurdt` urdt`gy gy gmidt` gmidt`f f tm tn` nmgf`r dhf dr` eh imhtdit wetn tn` bmttmj mc tn` nmgf`r1 mtn`rwes`, gequef g`v`g f`t`itemh dhf bgmmf igmt f`t`itemh jeknt cdeg tm wmra prmp`rgy.
;.9 ;. 9 Ydc`ty Ydc`ty Dtt`h Dtt`htem temhs hs
Fmh―t mp mp`h `h tn` `hi `higmsu gmsur` r` dt rdhfmj rdhfmj,, sm ds tm dvmef dh dhy y jesmp`rdtemh tndt jdy idus` uhh`i`ssdry p`rsmhdg ehlury mr syst`j fdjdk`.
_g`ds _g`ds` ` pdy dtt`ht dtt`htemh emh tm dhy sndrp pd pdrt rt mc tn` syst`j syst`j,, sm ds tm dvmef dhy p`rsmhdg ehlury ehigufehk sirdtin`s dhf puhitur`s r`sugtehk crmj tmuin.
[n`h tn` sy syst`j st`j es mp`r mp`rdtehk, dtehk, fm hmt tmui tmuin n dhy mc ets jmvehk pdrts.
02
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
Ec tn` sy syst`j st`j es mp`rdtehk dhf diief`htdggy fesimhh`it`f crmj tn` pmw`r suppgy, fm hmt jmv` tn` syst`j mr mp`h tn` jmfug` fmmr. Vn` syst`j prmvef`s d pmw`r-mcc prmt`itemh. [n`h tn` pmw`r suppgy es r`stmr`f, ymu jdy inmms` tm r`suj` tn` prmkrdj mr r`ruh tn` prmkrdj diimrfehk tm smctwdr` ehstruitemhs.
Dgg t`st sp`i sp`iej`hs, ej`hs, idgebrdtmrs, qudgety imhtrmg prmfu prmfuits its dhf gequef wdst`, ds w`gg ds imjpmh`ht pdrts imhtditehk tn` cmr`kmehk substdhi`s snmugf b` imhsef`r`f ehc`itemus, dhf tn` mp`rdtmrs snmugf w`dr j`feidg prmt`itev` kgmv`s wn`h tn`y ndv` tm imhtdit tnms` mbl`its dhf tr`dt tn`j ds ehc`itemh smuri`s. Furehk jdeht`hdhi jdeht` hdhi` ` dhf r`pder mc tn` syst`j, tn` mp`r mp`rdtmrs dtmrs snmugf b`
`quepp`f wetn p`rsmhdg prmt`itev` `quepj`ht.
Ec dhy pdrt mc ymur bmfy ees s imhtdjeh imhtdjehdt`f dt`f by sp` sp`iej`h iej`h smg smgutemh, utemh, `ti `ti., ., ymu snmugf rehs` tndt pdrt wetn ig`dh wdt`r eh tej` dhf p`rcmrj fesehc`itemh mr mtn`r tr`dtj`ht.
[n`h uhp uhpgukk gukkehk ehk tn` pmw` pmw`rr pguk, krep dt tn` pguk dhf dv dvmef mef puggehk tn` pmw`r imrf cmriebgy.
_g`ds _g`ds` ` hmt` tndt ugtrd ugtrdvemg` vemg`tt rdys dr` ndrjcu ndrjcugg tm tn` nujdh bmfy
;.6 ;. 6 Bemg Bemgmk mkei eidg dg Ydc` Ydc`ty ty
Mp`rd Mp`rdtmrs tmrs snmu snmugf gf hmt `dt, freha mr sjm sjma` a` eh tn` gdbmrd gdbmrdtmry. tmry.
Mp`rdtmrs snmugf w`dr gdb imd imdts ts dhf j` j`feidg feidg prmt`itev` kgmv`s wn`h mp`rdtehk tn` syst`j.
Dgg sp`iej`hs dhf imjpmh`hts mc r`dk r`dk`ht `ht aets just b` r`kdrf`f ds r`dk`hts wetn pmt`htedg ndzdrfs. Mp`rdtmrs just b` `quepp`f wetn r`g`vdht prmt`itev` igmtnehk, prmt`itev` kmkkg`s dhf kgmv`s.
J`dsu J`dsur`s r`s dr` tda`h tm pr`v` pr`v`ht ht tn` spgdsne spgdsnehk hk mr spegg mc ehc`itemus cguefs tndt jdy tmuin dhy `xpms`f pdrt mc tn` nujdh bmfy. Ec ymu imhtdit dh ehc`itemus substdhi` mr surcdi` by diief`ht, ymu snmugf snmu gf rehs` ymur saeh tnmrmukn tnmrmukngy gy wetn wdt`r dhf tn`h cmggmw tn` fesehc`itemh prmi`fur` stepugdt`f by ymur nmspetdg mr gdbmrdtmry.
09
Huig`ei Dief Esmgdtemh Yyst`j
B` `xtr`j`gy idr`cug wn`h fespmsehk mc tn` pdte`hts― s sp`iej`hs, p`iej`hs, t`st iups dhf wdst wdst`, `, cmr tn`y jeknt ndv` b``h imhtdj imhtdjehdt`f ehdt`f dct`r ndvehk imhtdit`f sp`iej`hs dhf r`dk`hts.
Vmmgs dh dhf f f`vei` f`vei`s s us`f eh tn` t`st just b` fes fesehc`it ehc`it`f `f b`cmr` tn` tn`y y dr` put bdia eh pgdi`. Eh ids` mc syst`j cdegur`, b`cmr` jdeht`hdhi` p`rsmhh`g jda` dhy r`pder, dgg imjpmh`hts mc tn` syst`j gea`gy tm b` bemgmkeidggy imhtdjehdt`f snmugf b` `hsur`f tm ndv` b``h prmp`rgy ig`dh`f, fesehc`it`f dhf tr`dt`f mr ndv` tda`h h`i`ssdry prmt`itemh.
Dgg wdst` jus justt b` tr`dt`f eh diim diimrfdhi rfdhi` ` wetn dppg dppgeidbg` eidbg` gdw gdws s dhf r`kugdtemhs dhf gmidg stepugdtemhs.
;.0 R`pgdi` R`pgdi`j`h j`htt mc mc Imjpmh Imjpmh`ht `ht _drts _drts Djmhk dgg imjpmh`ht pdrts mc tnes syst`j, mhgy tn` cus` dhf PS gdjp jdy b` purinds`f dhf r`pgdi`f by us`rs mh tn`er mwh. Dgg mtn`r imjpmh`ht pdrts jus pdrts justt b` prm prmvef vef`f `f by tn` jdh jdhucd ucditu itur`r r`r mr dutnmre dutnmrez` z`f f f`d f`dg`r g`rs. s. Ps` Ps`rs rs justt hmt r`p jus r`pgdi gdi` ` tnm tnms` s` imj imjpmh pmh`ht `ht pdrts mh tn` tn`er er mw mwh, h, dhf snm snmugf ugf ehst`d ehst`df f s`h `hf f sui uin n pdr drts ts bd bdia ia tm tn tn` ` jd jdhu hucd cdit itu ur` r`rr mr du dutn tnmr mrez ez` `f f` f`dg dg`r `rs s cm cmr r r`pgdi`j`ht. Vn` cus` snmugf b` r`pgdi`f ds cmggmws<
;.0.4 ;.0 .4 Cus` Cus` R`p R`pgdi gdi`j` `j`ht ht
Vn` `xt` `xt`rhdg rhdg cus` us` us`f f eh tnes syst` syst`j j es C4?DN20? C4?DN20?S, S, wnein weg weggg j`gt eh ids` mc mv`riurr`ht.
Cus` ehsp`itemh j`tnmf< Ynut tn` sy syst`j st`j fmwh dhf uh uhpguk pguk tn` pmw`r imrf, tn`h pry mp`h tn` cus` bds` b`sef` tn` pmw`r smia`t mc tn` syst`j dhf r`jmv` tn` cus`. Ps` d jugtej`t`r tm in`ia ec tn` cus` es imhfuitev`. Imhfuitev` ehfeidt`s tndt tn`r` es hm j`gtehk mc cus`1 mtn`rwes`, tn`r` es j`gtehk mc cus`.
R`pgd R`pgdi`j` i`j`ht ht j`tnmf j`tnmf
View more...
Comments
