nortel 8300

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300

Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager

NN46200-510 .

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(317348-E Rev 01)

Document status: Standard Document version: 03.01 Document date: 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks All Rights Reserved. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that license. The software license agreement is included in this document.

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5

Contents New in this release Features 11 Other changes

11

11

Preface

13

Before you begin 13 How to get help 14 Getting help from the Nortel web site 14 Getting help over the phone from a Nortel Solutions Center 14 Getting help from a specialist using an Express Routing Code 15 Getting help through a Nortel distributor or reseller 15

VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation VLANs 17 VLAN ports 18 Port-based VLANs 18 Policy-based VLANs 19 Protocol-based VLANs 20 Independent VLAN Learning (IVL) 22 VLAN tagging and port types 22 VLAN router interfaces 24 VLAN implementation 24 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 26 Spanning tree groups 26 Spanning Tree modes 28 Spanning Tree FastStart 28 Understanding STGs and VLANs 28 Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection Static link aggregation 29 Link aggregation traffic distribution 30 Link aggregation rules 30 Link aggregation examples 31 Split MultiLink Trunking 34 Overview 35 Advantages of SMLT 36

29

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6 Contents How SMLT works 38 Inter-Switch Trunks 40 CP-Limit and SMLT IST 41 Traffic flow in an SMLT environment 42 Single port SMLT 44 SMLT topologies 45 Using MLT-based SMLT with single port SMLT 49 SMLT network design considerations 50 SMLT and VRRP backup master 51 Simple Loop Prevention Protocol 52 Port auto recovery 54 VLAN, STG, and link aggregation feature support 55

Configuring VLANs

57

Understanding VLAN ports 57 Displaying defined VLANs 58 Creating a VLAN 60 Creating a port-based VLAN 61 Configuring an IP address for a VLAN 62 Creating a protocol-based VLAN 63 Configuring user-defined protocol-based VLANs 66 Managing a VLAN 68 Changing VLAN port membership 68 Configuring advanced VLAN features 69 Configuring a MAC address for auto-learning on a VLAN 73 Managing the VLAN forwarding database 76 Configuring aging in the VLAN forwarding database 76 Configuring static forwarding 80 Configuring VLAN forwarding database filters 83 Configuring Layer 2 multicast MAC filtering 85 Configuring port auto recovery 87 Configuring auto recovery delay time 87 Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for a single port 88 Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for multiple ports 89

Configuring Spanning Tree Group Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol Configuring SLPP globally 103 Configuring the SLPP by VLAN 104 Configuring the SLPP by port 106

91 103

Configuring static link aggregation Link aggregation traffic distribution 109 Adding a link aggregation group 110 Viewing link aggregation interface statistics Configuring SMLT 120

109

114

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Contents 7 Adding an MLT-based SMLT 120 Viewing MLT-based SMLT information for the switch 121 Configuring a single port SMLT 122 Viewing single port SMLTs configured on the switch 123 Deleting a single port SMLT 124 Configuring an IST MLT 124 Removing an IST MLT 125 Viewing IST statistics 126

Index

128

Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20

Port-based VLAN 19 Dynamic protocol-based VLAN 21 VLAN tag insertion 22 Multiple spanning tree groups 27 Switch-to-switch link aggregation configuration 32 Switch-to-server link aggregation configuration 33 Client/Server link aggregation configuration 34 Resilient networks with Spanning Tree Protocol 37 Resilient networks with SMLT 38 8300 switches as SMLT aggregation switches 39 show vlan info fdb-entry 10 sample output 43 Network topology for traffic flow example 43 Single port SMLT example 45 Single Port SMLT topology 46 SMLT triangle topology 47 SMLT square topology 48 SMLT full mesh topology 49 Changing a split trunk from MLT-based SMLT to single port SMLT 50 SLPP frame 53 VLAN dialog box - Basic tab 58 VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for port-based VLANs 61 VlanPortMembers dialog box 62 IP, VLAN dialog box 63 IP, VLAN, Insert IP Address dialog box 63 VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for protocol-based VLANs 64 VlanPortMembers dialog box 65 VLAN, Insert Basic: insert a user-defined, protocol-based VLAN 67 PortMembers, VLAN dialog box 68 VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab 69 Port dialog box - Interface tab 72 Port dialog box - VLAN tab 72 VlanMacLearning dialog box - Manual Edit tab 74 VlanMacLearning, Insert Manual Edit dialog box 74 BridgeManualEditPorts dialog box 74 VlanMacLearning dialog box - Auto Learn tab 75 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab 76 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Forwarding tab 78

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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8 Contents Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20 Figure 20

VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab: flushing the forwarding database 79 Bridge, VLAN - Static tab 81 Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box 81 Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box 83 STG dialog box - Globals tab 92 STG dialog box - Configuration tab 93 STG, Insert Configuration dialog box 93 StgPortMembers dialog box 94 STG dialog box - Status tab 97 STG dialog box - Ports tab 99 MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab 110 MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box 111 MltPortMembers dialog box 111 VlanIds dialog box 112 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab 115 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab 117 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab 119 Multilink Trunks tab on the MLT dialog box 121 SMLT Info tab on the SMLT dialog box 122 SMLT tab on the Port dialog box 122 Insert SMLT dialog box 123 Single Port SMLT tab on the SMLT dialog box 123 IST MLT dialog box 125 Ist/SMLT Stats tab on the MLT dialog box 127

Tables Table Table Table Table

1 2 3 4

Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Port membership types for policy-based VLANS 19 PIDs not available for user-defined protocol-based VLANs 21 VLAN rules 25 Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection configuration rules 29 Methods of traffic distribution for packets with a trunk destination 30 SLPP frame fields 53 VLAN, STG, and link aggregation support 55 VLAN - Basic tab fields 59 VLAN - Advanced tab fields 70 VlanMacLearning - Insert Manual Edit tab fields 75 Bridge ,VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab fields 77 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Forwarding tab fields 78 Bridge , VLAN - Static tab fields 82 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Filter tab fields 84 Bridge, VLAN, Insert Multicast tab fields 86 STG Configuration tab fields 94 STG Status tab fields 97 STG Ports tab fields 99 SLPP - Global tab fields 104 SLPP - Insert VLANS window fields 106 SLPP - Ports tab fields 107 MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields 112 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab fields 115

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Contents 9 Table 24 Table 25

Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab fields 117 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab fields 120

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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10 Contents

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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11

New in this release The following sections detail what is new in Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager (NN46200-510) for Release 4.0. •

"Features" (page 11)

•

"Other changes" (page 11)

Features See the following sections for information about feature changes: •

"Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 52)

•

"Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 103)

•

"Port auto recovery" (page 54)

Other changes See the following sections for information about changes that reflect the upgrade to eight port multilink trunking (MLT) for this release: •

Table 22 "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields" (page 112)

•

"Adding ports to a link aggregation group" (page 113)

•

"Adding an MLT-based SMLT" (page 120)

•

"Link aggregation rules" (page 30)

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12 New in this release

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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13

Preface The Nortel* Ethernet Routing Switch (ERS) 8300 is a flexible and multifunctional Layer 2/Layer 3 switch that supports diverse network architectures and protocols. The ERS 8300 provides security and control features such as Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPoL), Simple Network Management Protocol, Version 3 (SNMP3), and Secure Shell (SSH). The ERS 8300 provides quality of service (QoS) for a high number of attached devices and supports future network requirements for QoS for critical applications, such as Voice over IP (VoIP). Java Device Manager (Device Manager) is a graphical user interface (GUI) used to configure and manage 8300 Series switches. You install it on a management station in the network. For instructions on installing and starting Device Manager on a Windows*, UNIX*, or Linux* platform, refer to Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Fundamentals — Using Device Manager (NN46200-303). The manual also describes some common startup problems and how to troubleshoot them. This guide describes how to use Device Manager to configure VLANs, spanning tree, and static link aggregation for the 8300 Series switches.

Before you begin This guide is intended for network administrators who have the following background: •

basic knowledge of networks, Ethernet bridging, and IP routing

•

familiarity with networking concepts and terminology

•

experience with windowing systems or GUIs

•

basic knowledge of network topologies

Before using this guide, you must complete the following procedures. For a new switch: Step

Action

1

Install the switch.

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14 Preface

For installation instructions, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Installation — Chassis Installation and Maintenance (NN46200-304) andNortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Installation — Modules (NN46200-305). 2

Connect the switch to the network. For more information, see Getting Started (316799-C). —End—

Ensure that you are running the latest version of Nortel ERS 8300 software. For information about upgrading the ERS 8300, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Upgrades — Software Release 4.0(NN46200-400).

How to get help This section explains how to get help for Nortel products and services.

Getting help from the Nortel web site The best way to get technical support for Nortel products is from the Nortel Technical Support web site: www.nortel.com/support This site provides quick access to software, documentation, bulletins, and tools to address issues with Nortel products. From this site, you can: •

Download software, documentation, and product bulletins.

•

Search the Technical Support Web site and the Nortel Knowledge Base for answers to technical issues.

•

Sign up for automatic notification of new software and documentation for Nortel equipment.

•

Open and manage technical support cases.

Getting help over the phone from a Nortel Solutions Center If you do not find the information you require on the Nortel Technical Support web site, and you have a Nortel support contract, you can also get help over the phone from a Nortel Solutions Center. In North America, call 1-800-4NORTEL (1-800-466-7835). Outside North America, go to the following web site to obtain the phone number for your region: www.nortel.com/callus

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How to get help

15

Getting help from a specialist using an Express Routing Code To access some Nortel Technical Solutions Centers, you can use an Express Routing Code (ERC) to quickly route your call to a specialist in your Nortel product or service. To locate the ERC for your product or service, go to: www.nortel.com/erc

Getting help through a Nortel distributor or reseller If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller.

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16 Preface

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17

VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation This chapter describes Virtual LANs, spanning tree groups, and link aggregation. The following topics are included: •

"VLANs" (page 17)

•

"Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)" (page 26)

•

"Static link aggregation" (page 29)

•

"Split MultiLink Trunking" (page 34)

•

"Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 52)

•

"Port auto recovery" (page 54)

•

"VLAN, STG, and link aggregation feature support" (page 55)

VLANs With a virtual LAN (VLAN), you can divide your LAN into smaller groups without interfering with the physical network. You can use VLANs to: •

Create workgroups for common interest groups.

•

Create workgroups for specific types of network traffic.

•

Add, move, or delete members from these workgroups without making any physical changes to the network.

By dividing the network into separate VLANs, you can create separate broadcast domains. This conserves bandwidth, especially in networks supporting broadcast and multicast applications that flood the network with traffic. A VLAN workgroup can include members from a number of dispersed physical segments on the network, improving traffic flow between them. The ERS 8300 performs the layer 2 switching functions necessary to transmit information within VLANs as well as the layer 3 routing functions necessary for VLANs to communicate with one another. A VLAN can be defined for a single switch or it can span multiple switches. A port can be a member of multiple VLANs. Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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18 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

The ERS 8300 supports port-based VLANs and policy-based VLANs. This section includes the following topics: •

"VLAN ports" (page 18)

•

"Port-based VLANs" (page 18)

•

"Policy-based VLANs" (page 19)

•

"Protocol-based VLANs" (page 20)

•

"Independent VLAN Learning (IVL)" (page 22)

•

"VLAN tagging and port types" (page 22)

•

"VLAN router interfaces" (page 24)

•

"VLAN implementation" (page 24)

VLAN ports A Virtual LAN is made up of a group of ports that define a logical broadcast domain. These ports can belong to a single switch, or they can be spread across multiple switches. In a VLAN-aware switch, every frame received on a port is classified as belonging to only one VLAN. Whenever a broadcast, multicast, or unknown destination frame needs to be flooded by a VLAN-aware switch, the frame is sent out through only the other active ports that are members of this VLAN. The default switch configuration groups all ports into the port-based default VLAN 1. This VLAN cannot be deleted from the system, and is statically bound to the default spanning tree group (STG).

Port-based VLANs A port-based VLAN is a VLAN with ports explicitly configured as members. When creating a port-based VLAN, you assign a VLAN identification number (VID) and specify the ports that belong to the VLAN. The VID is used to coordinate VLANs across multiple switches. The example in Figure 1 "Port-based VLAN" (page 19) shows two port-based VLANs: one for the marketing department and one for the sales department. Ports are assigned to each port-based VLAN. A change in the sales area can move the sales representative at port 3/1 (the first port in the I/O module in chassis slot 3) to the marketing department without moving cables. With a port-based VLAN, you only need to indicate in Device Manager or the CLI that port 3/1 in the sales VLAN now is a member of the marketing VLAN.

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VLANs 19 Figure 1 Port-based VLAN

Policy-based VLANs The ERS 8300 supports a total of 500 unique policy-based VLANS. However, there are some restrictions on the number of types of policy-based VLANs. In a policy-based VLAN, a port can be designated as always a member or never a member. Table 1 "Port membership types for policy-based VLANS" (page 19) describes these port membership types. Table 1 Port membership types for policy-based VLANS Membership type

Description

Static(Always a member)

Static members are always active members of the VLAN, when configured as belonging to that VLAN. This membership type is used in policy-based and port-based VLANs.

Not allowed to join (Never a member)

•

In policy-based VLANs, the tagged ports are usually configured as static members.

•

In port-based VLANs, all ports are always static members.

Ports of this type are not allowed to join the VLAN.

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20 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

A non-tagged port can belong to multiple VLANs, as long as the VLANs are not of the same type but are in the same spanning tree group.

Protocol-based VLANs Protocol-based VLANs are an effective way to segment your network into broadcast domains according to the network protocols in use. Traffic generated by any network protocol — IPX, Appletalk, and so forth — can be automatically confined to its own VLAN. Port tagging is not required for a port to be a member of multiple protocol-based VLANs. The ERS 8300 supports the following protocol-based VLANs: •

IP version 4 (ip)

•

Novell IPX on Ethernet 802.3 frames (ipx802dot3)

•

Novell IPX on IEEE 802.2 frames (ipx802dot2)

•

Novell IPX on Ethernet SNAP frames (ipxSnap)

•

Novell IPX on Ethernet Type 2 frames (ipxEthernet2)

•

AppleTalk on Ethernet Type 2 and Ethernet SNAP frames (AppleTalk)

•

DEC LAT Protocol (decLat)

•

Other DEC protocols (decOther)

•

IBM SNA on IEEE 802.2 frames (sna802dot2)

•

IBM SNA on Ethernet Type 2 frames (snaEthernet2)

•

NetBIOS Protocol (netBIOS)

•

Xerox XNS (xns)

•

Banyan VINES (vines)

•

IP version 6 (ipv6)

•

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)

•

User-defined protocols

Example: IPX protocol-based VLAN You can create a VLAN for the IPX protocol and place ports carrying substantial IPX traffic into this new VLAN. In Figure 2 "Dynamic protocol-based VLAN" (page 21), the network manager placed ports 7/1, 3/1, and 3/2 in an IPX VLAN. These ports still belong to their respective marketing and sales VLANs, but they are also new members of the IPX VLAN. This arrangement localizes traffic and ensures that only three ports are flooded with IPX broadcast packets.

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VLANs 21 Figure 2 Dynamic protocol-based VLAN

User-defined protocol-based VLANs You can create user-defined protocol-based VLANs in support of networks with non-standard protocols. For user-defined protocol-based VLANs, you can specify the Protocol Identifier (PID) for the VLAN. For release 2.1, you can enter the PID as a range of hexadecimal identifiers separated by a comma (,) a dash (-), or some combination of the two. Note that you can provide a maximum of 8 PIDs in this range. Frames that match the specified PID for the following are assigned to that user-defined VLAN: •

the ethertype for Ethernet type 2 frames

•

the PID in Ethernet SNAP frames

•

the DSAP or SSAP value in Ethernet 802.2 frames

Table 2 "PIDs not available for user-defined protocol-based VLANs" (page 21) lists the predefined policy-based PIDs, which are reserved and cannot be designated as user-defined PIDs. Table 2 PIDs not available for user-defined protocol-based VLANs PID (hex)

Description

04xx, xx04

sna802dot2

F0xx, xxF0

netBIOS

0000-05DC

Overlaps with 802.3 frame length

0600, 0807

xns

0BAD

VINES

4242

IEEE 802.1D BPDUs

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22 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

PID (hex)

Description

0800

IP

0806

ARP

8035

RARP

809B, 80F3

AppleTalk

8100

Reserved by IEEE 802.1Q for tagged frames

8137, 8138

ipxEthernet2 and ipxSnap

80D5

snaEthernet2

86DD

ipv6

8808

IEEE 802.3x pause frames

9000

Used by diagnostic loopback frames

Independent VLAN Learning (IVL) In the ERS 8300, each VLAN has its own, independent, forwarding database. That is, the same MAC address can be learned in different VLANs; and, based on the VLAN receiving traffic for this address, the switch is able to forward to this MAC address without any confusion. This means that before the switch can look up the source or destination MAC address in a received frame, or before it can decide whether to bridge or to route a frame, it must first determine the VLAN that the frame belongs to. The IVL mode is used to learn MAC addresses in the context of the VLAN they belong to.

VLAN tagging and port types The ERS 8300 uses IEEE 802.1Q tagging of frames and coordinating VLANs across multiple switches. Figure 3 "VLAN tag insertion" (page 22) shows the additional 4-octet (tag) header inserted into a frame after the source address and before the frame type. The tag contains the VLAN ID associated with the frame. Figure 3 VLAN tag insertion

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VLANs 23

802.1Q tagged ports Tagging a frame adds four octets to a frame, making it bigger than the traditional maximum frame size. These frames are sometimes referred to as "baby giant" frames. If a device does not support IEEE 802.1Q tagging, it can have problems interpreting tagged frames and receiving baby giant frames. In the ERS 8300, your port level configuration determines whether tagged frames are sent and received. Tagging is set as true or false for the port and is applied to all VLANs on that port. When you enable tagging on an untagged port, the port’s previous configuration of VLANs and STGs is lost. In addition, the port resets and runs Spanning Tree Protocol, thus breaking connectivity while the protocol goes through the normal listening and learning states before the forwarding state. A ERS 8300 port with tagging enabled sends frames explicitly tagged with a VLAN ID. Tagged ports are typically used to multiplex traffic belonging to multiple VLANs to other IEEE-802.1Q-compliant devices. If tagging is disabled on a ERS 8300 port, it does not send tagged frames. A nontagged port connects the ERS 8300 to devices that do not support IEEE 802.1Q tagging. If a tagged frame is forwarded out a port on which tagging is set to false, the switch removes the tag from the frame before sending it out the port. If a port is set for tagging on a ERS 8300, and the port is also a member of an untagged multilink trunk (MLT), or the reverse is true. The port settings on the MLT overrides.

Treatment of tagged and untagged frames A ERS 8300 associates a frame with a VLAN based on the data content of the frame and the configuration of the destination port. Whether the frame is tagged or untagged dictates how that frame is treated. If a tagged frame is received on a tagged port, with a VLAN ID specified in the tag, the ERS 8300 directs it to that VLAN, if it is present. For untagged frames, VLAN membership is implied from the content of the frame itself. For untagged frames received on a tagged port, you can configure the port to either discard or accept the frame. If you configure a tagged port to accept untagged frames, the port must be assigned to a port-based VLAN. On the ERS 8300 you have the option to configure tagged ports to send untagged frames on the default VLAN of the port.

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24 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

How the frame is forwarded is based on the VLAN the frame is received and on the forwarding options available for that VLAN. A ERS 8300 tries to associate untagged frames with a VLAN in the following order: •

Does the frame belong to a protocol-based VLAN?

•

What is the port-based VLAN of the receiving port?

If the frame meets none of the preceding criteria, it is discarded.

VLAN router interfaces Virtual router interfaces correspond to routing on a virtual port associated with a VLAN. This type of routing is the routing of IP traffic to and from a VLAN. Because a given port can belong to multiple VLANs (some of which are configured for routing on the switch and some of which are not), there is not a one-to-one correspondence between the physical port and the router interface. For VLAN routing, the router interface for the VLAN is called a virtual router interface because the IP address is assigned to an interface on the routing entity in the switch. This initial interface has a one-to-one correspondence with a VLAN on any given switch. The ERS 8300 chassis supports 4096 MAC addresses. If you are using an 8600 chassis, make sure it supports 4096 MAC addresses. You can install the 8600 MAC upgrade kit to support 4096 MAC addresses. For more information, see the publication, Adding MAC addresses to the 8600 Series Switch (part number 212486-A).

VLAN implementation This section describes how to implement VLANs on a ERS 8300. The following topics are included: •

"Default VLANs" (page 24)

•

"Unassigned VLANs" (page 24)

•

"VLAN rules" (page 25)

Default VLANs The ERS 8300 is factory configured with all ports residing in a port-based VLAN and default spanning tree group (STG) 1. With all ports in this default VLAN, the switch behaves like a layer 2 switch. The VLAN ID of this default VLAN is always 1, and it is always a port-based VLAN. The default VLAN cannot be deleted.

Unassigned VLANs The unassigned VLAN is a port-based VLAN that acts as a placeholder for ports that are removed from other port-based VLANs. Ports can belong to policy-based VLANs as well as to the unassigned VLAN. If a frame does not meet any policy criteria and there is no underlying port-based VLAN, the Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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VLANs 25

port belongs to the unassigned VLAN and the frame is dropped. Only ports in the unassigned VLAN have no spanning tree group association, so they do not participate in Spanning Tree Protocol negotiation; that is, no BPDUs are sent out of ports in the unassigned VLAN. The unassigned VLAN cannot be deleted or viewed. If a user-defined spanning tree group is deleted, the ports are moved to the unassigned VLAN and can later be assigned to another spanning tree group. Moving the ports to the unassigned VLAN avoids creating unwanted loops and duplicate connections. If routing is disabled in these ports, the port is completely isolated and no layer 2 or layer 3 functionality is provided. The unassigned VLAN is useful for security concerns or when using a port for monitoring a mirrored port.

VLAN rules Table 3 "VLAN rules" (page 25) describes the VLAN rules for the ERS 8300. Table 3 VLAN rules •

In addition to the default VLAN, the ERS 8300 supports 4000 VLANs. VLAN IDs range in value from 1 to 4000. See note 1

•

If you enable tagging on a port in a VLAN, the spanning tree group configuration for that port is lost. To preserve VLAN assignment of ports, enable tagging on the ports before you assign the ports to VLANs.

•

Tagged ports can belong to multiple VLANs and multiple spanning tree groups. When a tagged port belongs to multiple spanning tree groups, the BPDUs are tagged for all spanning tree groups except for spanning tree group number 1. Under the default configuration, the default is spanning tree group number 1.

•

An untagged port can belong to only one port-based VLAN. A port in a port-based VLAN can belong to other policy-based VLANs.

•

An untagged port can belong to only one policy-based VLAN for a given protocol. For example, a port can belong to only one policy-based VLAN where the policy is IPX802dot2 protocol.

•

A VLAN cannot span multiple spanning tree groups; that is, the ports in the VLAN must all be within one spanning tree group. Spanning tree group IDs can range in value from 1 to 64. See note 1

•

A frame’s VLAN membership is determined by the following order of precedence: 1. VLAN ID in the frame’s VLAN tag 2. protocol-based VLAN 3. port-based VLAN

Also see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Release Notes — Software Release 4.0(NN46200-401) for the latest information about supported software and hardware capabilities. 1

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26 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) The operation of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is defined in the IEEE Std 802.1D. The Spanning Tree Protocol detects and eliminates logical loops in a bridged or switched network. When multiple paths exist, the spanning tree algorithm configures the network so that a bridge or switch uses only the most efficient path. If that path fails, the protocol automatically reconfigures the network to make another path become active, thus sustaining network operations. You can control path redundancy for VLANs by implementing the panning Tree Protocol (STP). A network can include multiple instances of STP. The collection of ports in one spanning tree instance is called a spanning tree group (STG). This section includes the following topics: •

"Spanning tree groups" (page 26)

•

"Spanning Tree modes" (page 28)

•

"Spanning Tree FastStart" (page 28)

•

"Understanding STGs and VLANs" (page 28)

•

"Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection" (page 29)

Spanning tree groups Each STG consists of a collection of ports that belong to the same instance of the STP protocol. These STP instances are completely independent from each other (for example, they send their own BPDUs, they have their own timers, and so on). Multiple STGs are possible within the same switch; that is, the routing switch can participate in the negotiation for multiple spanning trees. Figure 4 "Multiple spanning tree groups" (page 27) shows multiple spanning tree groups.

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Figure 4 Multiple spanning tree groups

Spanning Tree Protocol controls The ports associated with a VLAN and VLANs themselves must be contained within a single STG to prevents problems with spanning tree blocking ports and loss of connectivity within the VLAN. Each untagged port can belong only one STG, while tagged ports can belong to more than one STG. When a tagged port belongs to more than one STG, the spanning tree bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) are tagged to distinguish those of one STG from those of another STG. BPDUs from STG 1 are not tagged. The tagged BPDUs are transmitted using a multicast MAC address as tagged frames with a VLAN ID. Because tagged BPDUs are not part of the IEEE 802.1D standard, not all devices can interpret tagged BPDUs. You can enable or disable the Spanning Tree Protocol at the port or at the spanning tree group level. If you disable the protocol at the group level, received BPDUs are handled like a MAC-level multicast and flooded out the other ports of the STG. Note that an STG can contain one or more VLANs. Remember that MAC broadcasts are flooded out on all ports of a VLAN; a BPDU is a MAC-level message, but the BPDU is flooded out all ports on the STG, which can encompass many VLANs. When STP is globally enabled on the STG, BPDU handling depends on the STP setting of the port: •

When STP is enabled on the port, received BPDUs are processed in accordance with STP.

•

When STP is disabled on the port, the port stays in a forwarding state, received BPDUs are dropped and not processed, and no BPDU is generated.

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28 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Spanning Tree modes ERS 8300 software release 2.2 introduces a Cisco-compatible Spanning Tree mode. By default, the Nortel STG (NTSTG) is enabled, and all BPDUs are sent on every MLT link. To use the Cisco-compatible Spanning Tree mode, disable NTSTG — BPDUs are sent on only one link of the aggregation group. See "Adding a link aggregation group" (page 110) for configuration instructions.

Spanning Tree FastStart When enabled on a port with no other bridges, Spanning Tree FastStart brings the port up more quickly following switch initialization or a spanning tree change. The port goes through the normal blocking and learning states before the forwarding state, but the hold times for these states is the bridge hello timer (2 seconds by default) instead of the bridge forward delay timer (15 seconds by default). Thus, if FastStart is enabled on a port using the defaults of 2 seconds for Hello time and 15 seconds for Forward Delay time, it goes into the forwarding state in 4 seconds, instead of the usual 30 seconds. If the port sees a BPDU, it reverts to regular behavior. Instead of disabling STP on a port, Nortel recommends enabling FastStart on the port as an alternative. FastStart is intended for access ports where only one device is connected to the switch (as in workstations with no other spanning tree devices). It may not be desirable to wait the usual 30 to 35 seconds for spanning tree initialization and bridge learning. Use Spanning Tree FastStart with caution. This procedure is contrary to that specified in the IEEE 802.1D standard for Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), in which a port enters the blocking state following the initialization of the bridging device or from the disabled state when the port is enabled through configuration.

Understanding STGs and VLANs A VLAN can include all the ports in a given STG and there can be multiple VLANs in an STG, but a VLAN never has more ports than exist in the STG. The recommended practice is to plan STGs and then create VLANs. In the ERS 8300 default configuration, a single STG encompasses all the ports in the switch. For most applications, this configuration is sufficient. The default STG is assigned ID 1 (STG1). If a VLAN spans multiple switches, it must be within the same STG across all switches; that is, the ID of the STG in which it is defined must be the same across all devices.

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Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection Change detection enables the detection of topology changes and sends a topology change notification (TCN) to the Root, on an individual port basis. Change detection is enabled by default. When change detection is enabled and a topology change occurs, a trap is sent containing the following information so that you can identify the device: •

the MAC address of the STG sending the TCN

•

the port number

•

the STG ID

You can disable change detection on ports where a single end station is connected, and where powering that end station on and off triggers the TCN. Change detection is referenced in IEEE STD 802.1D.

Topology change detection configuration rules The following rules apply to the Spanning Tree topology change detection setting. Table 4 Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection configuration rules •

You can configure change detection on access ports only. This also applies to link aggregation ports.

•

If you disable change detection and then change the port from access to tagging-enabled, the switch automatically sets change-detection to enabled for the port. This also applies to link aggregation ports.

•

In a link aggregation group with access ports, modifications to change detection for a member port are automatically applied to the remaining member ports.

Static link aggregation Link aggregation is a point-to-point connection that aggregates multiple ports so that they logically act like a single port with the aggregated bandwidth. Grouping multiple ports into a logical link provides higher aggregate throughput on a switch-to-switch or switch-to-server application. Link aggregation provides media and module redundancy. The ERS 8300 supports link aggregation in a static configuration mode where no LACP is used. The ERS 8300 link aggregation is interoperable with Baystack and Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 link aggregation, also referred to as MLT. This section includes the following topics: •

"Link aggregation traffic distribution" (page 30)

•

"Link aggregation rules" (page 30)

•

"Link aggregation examples" (page 31)

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30 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Link aggregation traffic distribution Static aggregation groups can be used to aggregate bandwidth between two switches. The ERS 8300 distributes traffic by determining the active port in a link aggregation group that can be used for each outgoing packet. Link aggregation group algorithms provide load sharing while ensuring that packets do not arrive out of sequence. The ERS 8300 determines the port a packet is transmitted through by: •

Tabulating the trunks and their active assigned port members for each link aggregation group. Ports defined as trunk members are written to the table in the order in which they are activated. If a link goes down, the table is rewritten with one less trunk member.

•

Using a selected index, based on traffic type and a hashing algorithm.

Packet distribution methods Table 5 "Methods of traffic distribution for packets with a trunk destination" (page 30) shows the methods used, by type of packet, to distribute packets with a trunk destination. Table 5 Methods of traffic distribution for packets with a trunk destination

Type of packet

MAC source address (SA)

IPv4 MAC source IP destination address address (DA) (SIP)

Bridged packet

X

X

IPv4 destination IP address (DIP)

Bridged packet with Layer 3 trunk load balancing

X

X

Routed packet

X

X

Layer 3 protocol

X

Trunk load sharing algorithms by traffic type For information about hashing parameters and algorithms that are used for distributing link aggregation traffic, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Planning and Engineering—Network Design Guidelines (NN46200-200).

Link aggregation rules This section describes the rules for the link aggregation groups in the ERS 8300 .. •

Link aggregation is supported on 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 100Base-FX, Gigabit Ethernet ports, and 10Gigabit Ethernet ports.

•

The switch supports eight ports per aggregation group. All ports in a link aggregation group must be of the same media type and have the same speed and duplex settings.

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•

A physical port cannot belong to more than one link aggregation group.

•

Link aggregation is compatible with the Spanning Tree Protocol.

•

IEEE 802.1Q tagging is supported on a link aggregation group.

•

All ports in a link aggregation group must be in the same STG unless they are tagged. If tagged, they can belong to multiple STGs.

•

For static aggregation groups, follow these guidelines: — For 8348TX, 8348TX-PWR, and 8324FX ports, you can use only link aggregation groups 1 to 7. — For 8348GB, 8324GTX, 8324GTX-PWR, 8348GTX, and 8348GTX-PWR ports, as well as 8308XL, 8393SF, and 8394SF, you can use link aggregation groups 1 to 31. See note 1.

•

In addition to the default VLAN, the ERS 8300 supports 4000 VLANs. VLAN IDs range in value from 1 to 4000.

•

The ports in a link aggregation group can span modules, providing module redundancy.

•

Bridged packet traffic (except for IP distribution) is distributed across the link aggregation group using a source and destination MAC address-based algorithm.

•

Bridged and routed IP traffic is distributed across the link aggregation group using a source and destination MAC and IP address-based algorithm.

1 See Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch Release Notes — Software Release 4.0 (NN46200-401) for the latest information about supported software and hardware capabilities.

Link aggregation examples With link aggregation, you can group switch ports together to form a link to another switch or server, thus increasing aggregate throughput of the interconnection between the devices. When the Spanning Tree Protocol is enabled, Link aggregation software detects misconfigured or broken trunk links and removes the port from the link aggregation group.

Switch-to-switch link aggregation configuration Figure 5 "Switch-to-switch link aggregation configuration" (page 32) shows two trunks (T1 and T2) connecting switch S1 to switches S2 and S3.

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32 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 5 Switch-to-switch link aggregation configuration

Each of the trunks shown in Figure 5 "Switch-to-switch link aggregation configuration" (page 32) can be configured with multiple switch ports to increase bandwidth and redundancy. When traffic between switch-to-switch connections approaches single port bandwidth limitations, creating a link aggregation group can supply the additional bandwidth required to improve performance.

Switch-to-server link aggregation configuration Figure 6 "Switch-to-server link aggregation configuration" (page 33) shows a typical switch-to-server trunk configuration. In this example, file server FS1 utilizes dual MAC addresses, using one MAC address for each network interface card (NIC). No link aggregation group is configured to FS1. FS2 is a single MAC server (with a 4-port NIC) and is set up as trunk configuration T1.

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Figure 6 Switch-to-server link aggregation configuration

Client/server link aggregation configuration Figure 7 "Client/Server link aggregation configuration" (page 34) shows an example of how link aggregation can be used in a client/server configuration. In this example, both servers are connected directly to switch S1. FS2 is connected through a trunk configuration (T1). The switch-to-switch connections are through trunks (T2, T3, T4, and T5). Clients accessing data from the servers (FS1 and FS2) are provided with maximized bandwidth through trunks T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5. On the ERS 8300, trunk members (the ports making up each trunk) do not have to be consecutive switch ports; they can be selected across different modules for module redundancy. With spanning tree enabled and trunks T2 and T3 in the same spanning tree group, one of the trunks (T2 or T3) acts as a redundant (backup) trunk to switch S2, and STP blocks one of the trunks. With spanning tree disabled, neither trunk T2 nor trunk T3 is blocked; they must be configured into separate STGs to avoid a loop in the network.

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34 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 7 Client/Server link aggregation configuration

With spanning tree enabled, ports that belong to the same link aggregation group operate as follows. All ports in the group must belong to the same spanning tree group if spanning tree is enabled. Identical bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) are sent out of each port. The group port ID is the ID of the lowest numbered port. If identical BPDUs are received on all ports, the link aggregation mode is forwarding. If no BPDU is received on a port or if BPDU tagging and port tagging do not match, the individual port is taken offline. Path cost is inversely proportional to the active link aggregation bandwidth.

Split MultiLink Trunking This section describes the Split MultiLink Trunking (SMLT) feature. The following topics are included: •

"Overview" (page 35)

•

"Advantages of SMLT" (page 36)

•

"How SMLT works" (page 38)

•

"Inter-Switch Trunks" (page 40)

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Split MultiLink Trunking

•

"CP-Limit and SMLT IST" (page 41)

•

"Traffic flow in an SMLT environment" (page 42)

•

"Single port SMLT" (page 44)

•

"SMLT topologies" (page 45)

•

"Using MLT-based SMLT with single port SMLT" (page 49)

•

"SMLT network design considerations" (page 50)

•

"SMLT and VRRP backup master" (page 51)

35

To configure SMLT using Device Manager, see "Configuring SMLT" (page 120).

Overview Link Aggregation technologies have become popular for improving link bandwidth and to protect against link failures. SMLT is an extension of link aggregation, which improves the level of Layer 2/Layer 3 resiliency by providing nodal protection in addition to link failure protection and flexible bandwidth scaling. SMLT achieves this by allowing edge switches using link aggregation to dual-home to two SMLT aggregation switches. SMLT is transparent to those attached devices that support link aggregation. Because SMLT inherently avoids loops due to its superior enhanced link aggregation control protocol, when designing networks using SMLT, it is not necessary to use the IEEE 802.1d/w Spanning Tree protocols to enable loop-free triangle topologies. With split multilink trunking, two aggregation switches can appear as a single device to edge switches, which are dual-homed to the aggregation switches. The aggregation switches are interconnected using an Inter-Switch Trunk (IST) and can exchange addressing and state information (permitting rapid fault detection and forwarding path modification). Although SMLT is primarily designed for Layer 2, it also provides benefits for Layer 3 networks.

ATTENTION Layer 2 edge switches must support some form of link aggregation (such as MLT) to allow communications with the SMLT aggregation switches.

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36 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Advantages of SMLT SMLT improves the reliability of Layer 2 networks that operate between edge switches and the network center aggregation switches by providing the following: •

load sharing among all links

•

fast failover in case of link failures

•

elimination of single point of failure

•

fast recovery, in case of nodal failure

•

transparent and interoperable solution

•

elimination of STP convergence issues

These advantages are described in more detail in the sections that follow.

Single point of failure elimination SMLT helps eliminate all single points of failure and create multiple paths from all edge switches to the core of the network. In case of failure, SMLT recovers as quickly as possible so that no unused capacity is created. Finally, SMLT provides a transparent and interoperable solution that requires no modification on the part of the majority of existing edge devices.

SMLT compared to Spanning Tree Protocol Networks that are designed to have edge switches dual-homed to two aggregation switches, and that have VLANs spanning two or more edge switches, experience the following design constraints: •

spanning tree must be used to detect loops

•

no load sharing exists over redundant links

•

slow network convergence exists in case of failure (30–45 seconds)

Figure 8 "Resilient networks with Spanning Tree Protocol" (page 37) shows a typical aggregator switch configuration dependent upon STP for loop detection.

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Figure 8 Resilient networks with Spanning Tree Protocol

As shown in Figure 9 "Resilient networks with SMLT" (page 38), with the introduction of SMLT, all dual-homed Layer 2 frame-switched network devices are no longer dependent upon STP for loop detection because a properly designed SMLT network inherently does not have any logical loops.

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38 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 9 Resilient networks with SMLT

SMLT solves the Spanning Tree problem by combining two aggregation switches into one “logical” MLT entity, which makes it transparent to any type of edge switch. In the process, it provides quick convergence, while load sharing across all available trunks.

How SMLT works Figure 10 "8300 switches as SMLT aggregation switches" (page 39) illustrates an SMLT configuration with a pair of 8300 switches (E and F) as aggregation switches. Also included are four separate edge switches (A, B, C, and D). Refer to the following sections for a description of the components shown in this SMLT example: •

"Inter-Switch Trunks" (page 40)

•

"CP-Limit and SMLT IST" (page 41)

•

"Other SMLT aggregation switch connections" (page 39)

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Figure 10 8300 switches as SMLT aggregation switches

Other SMLT aggregation switch connections Figure 10 "8300 switches as SMLT aggregation switches" (page 39) also includes end stations connected to each of the switches. In this example, a, b1, b2, c1, c2, and d are clients and printers, while e and f can be servers or routers. Edge switches B and C can use any method for determining a link of their multilink trunk connections to use for forwarding a packet, as long as the same link is used for a given Source/Destination (SA/DA) pair. This is true, regardless of whether or not the DA is known by B or C. SMLT aggregation switches always send traffic directly to an edge switch and only use the IST for traffic that they cannot forward in another more direct way. The examples that follow explain the process in more detail: •

"Example 1-Traffic flow from a to b1 or b2" (page 40)

•

"Example 2-Traffic flow from b1/b2 to c1/c2" (page 40)

•

"Example 3-Traffic flow from a to d" (page 40)

•

"Example 4-Traffic flow from f to c1/c2" (page 40)

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40 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Example 1-Traffic flow from a to b1 or b2 Assuming a and b1/b2 are communicating using Layer 2, traffic flows from A to switch E and is forwarded over the direct link to B. Traffic coming from b1 or b2 to a is sent by B on one of its MLT ports. B sends traffic from b1 to a on the link to switch E, and traffic from b2 to a on the link to F. In the case of traffic from b1, switch E forwards the traffic directly to switch A, while traffic from b2, which arrived at F, is forwarded across the IST to E and then on to A. Example 2-Traffic flow from b1/b2 to c1/c2 Traffic from b1/b2 to c1/c2 is always sent by switch B through the MLT to the core. No matter which switch (E or F) it arrives at, traffic is sent directly to C through the local link. Example 3-Traffic flow from a to d Traffic from a to d (and the reverse) is forwarded across the IST because it is the shortest path. This link is treated purely as a standard link with no account taken of SMLT and the fact that it is also an IST. Example 4-Traffic flow from f to c1/c2 Traffic from f to c1/c2 is sent directly from F. With return traffic from c1/c2, you can have one active VRRP Master for each IP subnet. The traffic is passed across the IST if switch C sends it through the link to E.

Inter-Switch Trunks SMLT aggregation switches must be connected with an Inter-Switch Trunk (IST). For example, in Figure 10 "8300 switches as SMLT aggregation switches" (page 39), edge switches B and C are connected to the aggregation switches using multilink trunks split between the two aggregation switches. The implementation of SMLT requires only two SMLT-capable aggregation switches. Aggregation switches use the IST to: •

Confirm that they are alive and exchange MAC address forwarding tables.

•

Carry the SMLT control packets.

•

Send traffic between single switches attached to the aggregation switches.

•

Serve as a backup if one SMLT link fails.

Because the IST is required for the SMLT, Nortel recommends that you use multiple links on the IST to ensure reliability and high availability. Nortel recommends using Gigabit Ethernet links for IST connectivity to provide enough bandwidth for potential cross traffic.

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ATTENTION Nortel recommends that an IST MLT contain at least 2 physical ports.

CP-Limit and SMLT IST Control packet rate limit (CP-Limit) controls the amount of multicast and broadcast traffic that can be sent to the CPU from a physical port. It protects the CPU from being flooded by traffic from a single, unstable port. The CP-Limit default settings are: •

default state = enabled

•

default multicast packets-per-second (pps) value = 15 000

•

default broadcast pps value = 10 000

ATTENTION Nortel recommends setting the multicast packets-per-second value to 6000 pps when you configure SMLT links.

If the actual rate of packets-per-second sent from a port exceeds the defined rate, the port is administratively shut down to protect the CPU from continued bombardment. Disabling IST ports in this way can impair network traffic flow in an SMLT configuration. To avoid this scenario, the 8300 Series switch automatically disables CP-Limit on all IST port members. Disabling CP-Limit on IST MLT ports forces another, less-critical port to be disabled if the defined CP-Limits are exceeded. In doing so, the switch preserves network stability if a protection condition (CP-Limit) arises. Note that, although it is likely that one of the SMLT MLT ports (risers) is disabled in such a condition, traffic continues to flow uninterrupted through the remaining SMLT ports. When you remove the IST configuration from an IST port member, the switch returns the CP-Limit for the port to the default state (enabled). Do not confuse CP-Limit with port rate limiting. Port rate limiting and CP-Limit serve different purposes. Port level rate limiting, if enabled, limits all packets with broadcast and multicast addresses to control the amount of user traffic. CP-Limit is a protection mechanism for the control plane that only counts packets that are destined for the control plane, or packets that are processed by the CPU with a QoS=7.

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42 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Traffic flow in an SMLT environment Traffic flow in an SMLT environment follows these rules: •

If a packet is received from an interswitch trunk port, it is not forwarded to any active SMLT groups, which is key in preventing network loops.

•

When a packet is received, a look-up is performed on the forwarding database. If an entry exists, and if the entry was learned locally from the split multilink trunk or through the interswitch trunk as a remote split multilink trunk, it is forwarded out the local port (the packet cannot be sent to the interswitch trunk for forwarding unless there is no local connection). Unknown and Broadcast packets are flooded out all ports that are members of this VLAN.

•

For loadsharing purposes in an SMLT scenario, the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 obeys the trunk distribution algorithm. See Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Planning and Engineering—Network Design Guidelines (NN46200-200) for more details about the algorithms.

Traffic flow example In an SMLT environment, the two aggregation switches share the same forwarding database by exchanging forwarding entries using the IST. In the following figure, Figure 11 "show vlan info fdb-entry 10 sample output" (page 43), the forwarding databases are shown for a pair of IST nodes (B and C). Note that the entry for 00:E0:7B:B3:04:00 is shown on node C as being learned on MLT-1, but because SMLT REMOTE is true, this entry was actually learned from node B. On B, that same entry is shown as being directly learned through MLT-1 because SMLT REMOTE is false. Figure 12 "Network topology for traffic flow example" (page 43) shows the network topology. When a packet arrives at node C destined for 00:E0:7B:B3:04:00, if the SMLT REMOTE status is true, the switch tries to send the packet out MLT-1 first, rather than through the interswitch trunk. Traffic rarely traverses the interswitch trunk unless there is a failure. If this same packet arrives at B, it is forwarded to MLT-1 on the local ports.

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Split MultiLink Trunking Figure 11 show vlan info fdb-entry 10 sample output

Figure 12 Network topology for traffic flow example

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44 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Single port SMLT With single port SMLT, you can configure a split multilink trunk using a single port and scale the number of split multilink trunks on a switch to a maximum number of available ports. Single port SMLT behaves just like an MLT-based SMLT and can coexist with SMLTs in the same system. Split MLT links can exist in the following combinations on the SMLT aggregation switch pair: •

MLT-based SMLT + MLT-based SMLT

•

MLT-based SMLT + single port SMLT

•

single port SMLT + single port SMLT

The rules for configuring single port SMLT are the following: •

The dual-homed device connecting to the aggregation switches must be capable of supporting MLT.

•

Single port SMLT is supported on Ethernet ports.

•

Each single port SMLT is assigned an SMLT ID from 1 to 512.

•

Single port SMLT ports can be designated as Access or Trunk (that is, IEEE 802.1Q tagged or not), and changing the type does not affect their behavior.

•

You cannot change a single port SMLT into an MLT-based SMLT by adding more ports. You must delete the single port SMLT, and then reconfigure the port as SMLT/MLT.

•

You cannot change an MLT-based SMLT into a single port SMLT by deleting all ports but one. You must first remove the SMLT/MLT and then reconfigure the port as single port SMLT.

•

A port cannot be configured as MLT-based SMLT and as single port SMLT at the same time.

Figure 13 "Single port SMLT example" (page 45) shows a configuration, in which both aggregation switches have single port SMLTs with the same IDs. With this configuration, you can have as many single port SMLTs as there are available ports on the switch.

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Figure 13 Single port SMLT example

SMLT topologies Four generic topologies are available, in which SMLT can be deployed. Depending on the resiliency and redundancy you require, you can choose among one of the following configurations: •

"Single port SMLT topology" (page 45)

•

"SMLT triangle topology" (page 46)

•

"SMLT square topology" (page 47)

•

"SMLT full mesh topology" (page 48)

Single port SMLT topology Sometimes you need to exceed the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 multilink trunk Group ID limit for server farm applications. In this case, you can use Single Port SMLT (seeFigure 14 "Single Port SMLT topology" (page 46)). With this topology, you can scale up to the maximum number of ports on a switch. Any Layer 2 switch capable of link aggregation can be used as the client in this case.

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46 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 14 Single Port SMLT topology

SMLT triangle topology The most often used configuration, the triangle configuration, connects multiple access switches to a pair of Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 devices. In many cases, dual-NIC servers capable of link aggregation are connected directly to the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 devices in a similar fashion. The following figure, Figure 15 "SMLT triangle topology" (page 47), depicts Extranet Switches (ES) as the SMLT Clients. In real-world applications, any Layer 2 device capable of link aggregation can become the SMLT client.

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Figure 15 SMLT triangle topology

SMLT square topology Often used in an enterprise core, the square SMLT configuration provides network resiliency. The following figure, Figure 16 "SMLT square topology" (page 48), shows this topology.

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48 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 16 SMLT square topology

SMLT full mesh topology For maximum reliability and resiliency, all SMLT nodes can be fully meshed. This may not be an economical solution for many cases, but if traffic loss cannot be tolerated, this design can route traffic around any failure. The following figure, Figure 17 "SMLT full mesh topology" (page 49), shows the full mesh topology.

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Figure 17 SMLT full mesh topology

Using MLT-based SMLT with single port SMLT You can configure a split trunk with a single port SMLT on one side and an MLT-based SMLT on the other. Both must have the same SMLT ID. In addition to general use, Figure 18 "Changing a split trunk from MLT-based SMLT to single port SMLT" (page 50)shows how this configuration can be used for upgrading an MLT-based SMLT to a single port SMLT without taking down the split trunk.

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50 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation Figure 18 Changing a split trunk from MLT-based SMLT to single port SMLT

SMLT network design considerations Use the following base guidelines when designing an SMLT network (for more information, refer to Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Planning and Engineering — Network Design Guidelines (NN46200-200)). Step

Action

1

Define a separate VLAN for the IST protocol: config mlt 1 ist create ip vlan-id

2

Enable tagging on IST trunk links:

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config ethernet perform-tagging enable 3

Enable dropping of untagged frames on IST trunk links: config ethernet untagged-framesdiscard enable —End—

SMLT and VRRP backup master When configuring routing on SMLT aggregation switches, Nortel recommends that you use VRRP for default gateway redundancy. With the standard implementation in a VRRP environment, you can have one active primary router per IP subnet, with all other network VRRP interfaces in backup mode. A deficiency occurs when VRRP-enabled switches use SMLT. If VRRP switches are aggregated into two SMLT switches, the end host traffic is load-shared on all uplinks to the aggregation switches (based on the MLT traffic distribution algorithm). VRRP normally has only one active routing interface enabled. All other VRRP routers are in backup (standby) mode. Therefore, all traffic that reaches the backup VRRP router is forwarded over the Inter Switch Trunk (IST) link towards the master VRRP router. In this case, the IST link does not have enough bandwidth to carry all the aggregated traffic. You can overcome this issue by assigning the backup router as the Backup Master router. The Backup Master router is a backup router permitted to actively load-share the routing traffic with a master router. When enabled, the VRRP Backup Master acts as an IP router for packets destined for the logical VRRP IP address. With the Backup Master router enabled, the incoming host traffic is forwarded over the SMLT links as normal. The Backup Master routes traffic received on the SMLT VLAN, thus avoiding traffic flow across the IST trunk. This eliminates the potential limitation in the available IST bandwidth and provides true load-sharing capabilities.

ATTENTION To avoid potential frame duplication problems, the VRRP Backup Master feature for SMLT can be used only on interfaces defined for SMLT. It cannot be used in conjunction with HUBs to avoid frame duplication.

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52 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

The Backup Master feature provides an additional benefit. Under normal VRRP operation, a hello packet is sent every second. When three hellos are not received, all switches automatically revert to master mode. This results in a 3 second outage. When you are using VRRP in an SMLT environment, and a link goes down, traffic is automatically forwarded to the remaining ports configured for SMLT VRRP Backup Master. Because both switches are processing traffic, the node immediately recognizes the VRRP state change, so there is faster failure recovery (less than 1 second).

Network design considerations for SMLT with VRRP When you enable the VRRP BackupMaster with SMLT, refer to the following guidelines: •

The VRRP virtual IP address and the VLAN IP address cannot be the same.

•

Configure the hold-down timer for VRRP to a value approximately 150 percent of the IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol, such as RIP or OSPF) convergence time to allow the IGP enough time to reconverge following a failure. That is, if OSPF takes 40 seconds to reconverge, set the holddown timer to 60 seconds.

•

Stagger the hold-down timers with ARP requests. This means that the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 does not have to run ARP at the same time, causing excess CPU load. For example, if one node has the hold-down timer set for 60 seconds, you can set the other to 65 seconds.

•

Enable hold-down times on both VRRP sides (Master and BackupMaster).

Simple Loop Prevention Protocol Simple Loop Prevention Protocol (SLPP) is used at the edge of a network to prevent loops in an SMLT network if Spanning Tree is not used. Although SLPP is focused on SMLT networks, it also works with other configurations. Logical loops can occur in SMLT networks for the following reasons: •

Misconfigurations occur (for example, when SMLT client devices are erroneously directly connected together).

•

MLT is not operating correctly (for example, when a switch is connected to the network using the default configuration without any MLT settings).

•

Problems occur with the edge switch (for example, when MLT or some other form of link aggregation is not working).

You can detect loops with SLPP and the 8000 Series switch Loop Detection feature. If an SLPP test packet—called an SLPP-packet data unit (SLPP-PDU)— is received by the originating switch SMLT port or by a peer aggregation switch on the same VLAN, a loop exists and the port is disabled. Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Simple Loop Prevention Protocol

53

When you configure and enable SLPP, the switch control processor (CP) sends an SLPP-PDU to the VLAN. If a loop exists on the VLAN, the SLPP-PDU eventually returns to the originating port and is received by the CP. The CP disables that port and a message appears on the console describing why the port is disabled. A disabled port remains disabled until you enable it. You can use the port auto enable feature to enable the port after a predefined interval. Figure 19 "SLPP frame" (page 53) shows the fields of an SLPP-PDU frame. Figure 19 SLPP frame

Table 6 "SLPP frame fields" (page 53) describes the fields of the SLPP frame. Table 6 SLPP frame fields Field

Description

DA

destination MAC address (the switch MAC address with the multicast bit set)

SA

source MAC address (the switch MAC address)

PID

user-configurable protocol ID (the default is 0x8104)

Payload

contains three fields: 1. SLPP protocol version (one byte) 2. reserved (one byte) 3. VLAN ID (two bytes)

You must keep several factors in mind when you use SLPP: •

SLPP-PDUs are forwarded on an individual VLAN basis.

•

SLPP-PDU reception and processing operates on a port only if SLPP-RX is enabled on that port.

•

SLPP-PDUs are automatically forwarded on all ports of the VLANs that are configured for SLPP.

•

The SLPP-PDU is sent out as a multicast packet and is constrained to the VLAN on which it is sent.

•

The SLPP-PDU payload contains the VLAN ID. A separate SLPP-PDU is sent for each VLAN.

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54 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

•

The SLPP-PDU packet transmission interval is configurable from 500 to 5000 milliseconds (ms). The default packet transmission interval is 500 ms.

•

After an SLPP-PDU is received on a port that is a member of a multilink trunk, port members with SLPP-RX enabled and RX-Threshold reached, are disabled.

•

The SLPP-PDU can be received by the originating CP or the peer SMLT CP. All other switches treat the SLPP-PDU as a normal multicast packet. The switches ignore it and forward it to the VLAN.

•

SLPP-PDU transmission and reception operates only on ports for which STP is in a forwarding state (if STP is enabled on one switch in the path).

•

You must enable SLPP packet receive on an individual port basis to detect a loop: — SLPP packet reception can only be enabled on SMLT access ports and never on SMLT IST ports or any SMLT square or full mesh core ports. — Vary the SLPP packet receive threshold between the two core SMLT switches so that if a loop is detected, the access ports on both switches do not go down, avoiding SMLT client isolation.

•

SLPP is port-based, so a port is disabled if it receives SLPP-PDUs on one or more VLANs on a tagged port. For example, if the SLPP packet receive threshold is set to five, a port is shut down if it receives five SLPP-PDUs from one or more VLANs on a tagged port.

•

SLPP does not have any hardware requirements or dependencies.

•

SLPP does not support jumbo frames on the ERS 8300 v4.0.

•

SLPP does not replace the functionality of Spanning Tree Protocol, but is a supplement to help detect and prevent loops in the SMLT environment. Nortel recommends that you use this feature in an SMLT environment only.

•

The ERS 8300 Series does not support the use of SLPP in an LACP-SMLT environment.

For information about configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol, see "Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 103).

Port auto recovery The port auto recovery feature can automatically enable a port shut down by SLPP, CP-Limit or Link Flap Detect. When a port with auto recovery enabled is operationally shut down by SLPP, CP-Limit, or Link Flap Detect, the port is enabled within a specific, configurable time delay.

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VLAN, STG, and link aggregation feature support

55

To configure port auto recovery on an individual port basis, you must: •

Configure a time delay for port auto recovery or use the ERS 8300 default time delay value.

•

Enable the port auto recovery feature on the required ports.

Port auto recovery is disabled on each port by default on the ERS 8300. For information about configuring port auto recovery, see "Configuring port auto recovery" (page 87). For information about SLPP, see "Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 52). For information about CP-Limit, see "CP-Limit and SMLT IST" (page 41). For information about Link Flap Detect, see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — Platform Operations (NN46200-602).

VLAN, STG, and link aggregation feature support Table 7 "VLAN, STG, and link aggregation support" (page 55) summarizes the features supported on the Ethernet Routing Switch 8000 Series. This table is subject to change. See the release notes that came with your switch to obtain the latest scalability information. Table 7 VLAN, STG, and link aggregation support Feature

8348

8324

8393

Number of VLANs

See footnote 1

See footnote 1

See footnote 1

Port-based VLANs

Supported

Supported

Supported

Protocol-based

Supported

Supported

Supported

Source MAC-based

Not supported

Not supported

Not supported

IEEE 802.1Q tagging

Supported

Supported

Supported

IP routing and VLANs

Supported

Supported

Supported

IPX routing

Not supported

Not supported

Not supported

IPX VLANs

Supported

Supported

Supported

Default VLAN

Supported

Supported

Supported

Unassigned VLAN

Supported

Supported

Supported

Policy-based VLANs

Special VLANs

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56 VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation

Feature

8348

8324

8393

Brouter ports

Not supported

Not supported

Not supported

Number of spanning tree groups

64

64

64

Spanning Tree FastStart

Supported

Supported

Supported

Link aggregation groups

8348TX, 8348TX-PWR: 1–7 8348GTX, 8348GTX-PWR, 8348GB: 1–31

8324FX: 1–7 8324GTX: 1–31

1–31

Number of links per link aggregation group

See footnote 1

See footnote 1

See footnote 1

Refer to Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Release Notes — Software Release 4.0 (NN46200-401) for the latest information about supported software and hardware capabilities.

1

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Configuring VLANs With a VLAN, you can divide your LAN into smaller groups without interfering with the physical network. You can use VLANs to: •

Create workgroups for common interest groups.

•

Create workgroups for specific types of network traffic.

•

Add, move, or delete members from these workgroups without making any physical changes to the network.

By dividing the network into separate VLANs, you can create separate broadcast domains. This conserves bandwidth, especially in networks supporting broadcast and multicast applications that flood the network with traffic. A VLAN workgroup can include members from a number of dispersed physical segments on the network, improving traffic flow between them. The ERS 8300 performs the layer 2 switching functions necessary to transmit information within VLANs as well as the layer 3 routing functions necessary for VLANs to communicate with one another. A VLAN can be defined for a single switch or it can span multiple switches. A port can be a member of multiple VLANs. This chapter describes using Device Manager to configure VLANs on the ERS 8300 and includes the following topics: •

"Understanding VLAN ports" (page 57)

•

"Displaying defined VLANs" (page 58)

•

"Creating a VLAN" (page 60)

•

"Managing a VLAN" (page 68)

•

"Managing the VLAN forwarding database" (page 76)

•

"Configuring port auto recovery" (page 87)

Understanding VLAN ports A VLAN is made up of a group of ports that define a logical broadcast domain. These ports can belong to a single switch, or they can be spread across multiple switches. In a VLAN-aware switch, every frame received Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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58 Configuring VLANs

on a port is classified as belonging to only one VLAN. Whenever a broadcast, multicast, or unknown destination frame needs to be flooded by a VLAN-aware switch, the frame is sent out through only the other active ports that are members of this VLAN. The default switch configuration groups all ports into the port-based default VLAN 1. This VLAN cannot be deleted from the system, and is statically bound to the Default STG. The ERS 8300 supports port-based VLANs and policy-based VLANs. A non-tagged port can belong to multiple VLANs, as long as the VLANs are not of the same type but are in the same spanning tree group. For conceptual information about VLANs, see "VLANs" (page 17). For instructions to configure IP Proxy Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), see Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — IP Routing and Multicast Operations using Device Manager (NN46200-505).

Displaying defined VLANs To display all defined VLANs, their configurations, and their current status, select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager main menu. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected and displays all defined VLANs. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58). Figure 20 VLAN dialog box - Basic tab

Table 8 "VLAN - Basic tab fields" (page 59) describes the fields that appear on the Basic tab of the VLAN dialog box. These fields also appear on the VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box.

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Displaying defined VLANs 59 Table 8 VLAN - Basic tab fields Field

Description

Id

VLAN ID (1–4000) for the VLAN.

Name

Name of the VLAN.

Color Identifier

A proprietary color scheme to associate a color with the VLAN. Color does not affect how frames are forwarded.

Type

Type of VLAN:

•

byPort

•

byIpSubnet

•

byProtoco Id

StgId

The ID of the spanning tree group, to which the VLAN belongs.

PortMembers

The slot/port of each possible VLAN member.

ActiveMembers

The slot/port of each activeVLAN member.

StaticMembers

The slot/port of each static (always) member of a protocol-based VLAN.

NotAllowToJoin

The slot/ports that are never allowed to become a member of the protocol-based VLAN.

ProtocolId

Specify the network protocol for protocol-based VLANs. This value is taken from the Assigned Numbers RFC.

•

None (the VLAN type is port-based)

•

ip (IP version 4)

•

ipx802dot3 (Novell IPX on Ethernet 802.3 frames)

•

ipx802dot2 (Novell IPX on IEEE 802.2 frames)

•

ipxSnap (Novell IPX on Ethernet SNAP frames)

•

ipxEthernet2 (Novell IPX on Ethernet Type 2 frames)

•

appleTalk (AppleTalk on Ethernet Type 2 and Ethernet SNAP frames)

•

decLat (DEC LAT protocol)

•

decOther (Other DEC protocols)

•

sna802dot2 (IBM SNA on IEEE 802.2 frames)

•

snaEthernet2 (IBM SNA on Ethernet Type 2 frames)

•

netBIOS (NetBIOS protocol)

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60 Configuring VLANs

Field

Description •

xns (Xerox XNS)

•

vines (Banyan VINES)

•

ipv6 (IP version 6)

•

usrDefined (user-defined protocol)

•

RARP (Reverse Address Resolution protocol)

UserDefinedPidList

Specify the 16-bit user-defined network protocol identifier when the ProtocolId is set to usrDefined for a protocol-based VLAN type.

SubnetAddr

The source IP subnet address (IP subnet-based VLANs only).

SubnetMask

The source IP subnet mask (IP subnet-based VLANs only).

Encap

This encapsulation is the type for user defined protocol based VLANs and is not meaningful for other types of VLANs. The default value is null.

QosLevel

Indicates the quality of service level of the destination Mac Address for incoming frames on this VLAN.

•

level0 (lowest priority)

•

level1 (default)

•

level2

•

level3

•

level4

•

level5

•

level6

•

level7 (highest priority)

Creating a VLAN This section includes the following topics for creating VLANs: •

"Creating a port-based VLAN" (page 61)

•

"Configuring an IP address for a VLAN" (page 62)

•

"Creating a protocol-based VLAN" (page 63)

•

"Configuring user-defined protocol-based VLANs" (page 66)

When creating a VLAN, keep in mind the rules described in "VLAN rules" (page 25). Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Creating a VLAN

61

Creating a port-based VLAN To create a port-based VLAN: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box appears. See "VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for port-based VLANs" (page 61). VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for port-based VLANs

3

Enter an unused VLAN ID (1–4000) in the Id field, or use the ID provided.

4

(Optional) Type the VLAN name in the Name field, or use the name provided.

5

(Optional) Click the down arrow and choose a color from the dropdown menu in the Color Identifier field, or use the color provided.

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62 Configuring VLANs

6

Type or select a spanning tree group ID for the VLAN in the StgId field.

7

Select the byPort option button in the Type field.

8

Click the ellipsis (...) in the PortMembers field. The VlanPortMembers dialog box appears. See "VlanPortMembers dialog box" (page 62). VlanPortMembers dialog box

9

Click the ports to add to the VLAN. Ports that display in gray cannot be added to the VLAN. (For example, you cannot select ports that are not in the same STG as the new VLAN.)

10

Click Ok. The VlanPortMembers dialog box closes and the port members appear in the VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box.

11

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box closes and the VLAN appears in the Basic tab.

12

Do one of the following: •

If you are not assigning an IP address to the VLAN, click Close. The VLAN is configured and the VLAN dialog box closes.

•

If you are assigning an IP address to the VLAN, see "Configuring an IP address for a VLAN" (page 62). —End—

Configuring an IP address for a VLAN To configure an IP address for a VLAN: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

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Creating a VLAN

2

63

Select the VLAN you are configuring an IP address for. The VLAN is highlighted.

3

Click IP. The IP, VLAN dialog box appears for the VLAN. See "IP, VLAN dialog box" (page 63). IP, VLAN dialog box

4

Click Insert. The IP, VLAN, Insert IP Address dialog box appears. See "IP, VLAN, Insert IP Address dialog box" (page 63). IP, VLAN, Insert IP Address dialog box

5

Enter an IP address and netmask for routing.

6

Click Insert.

7

Click Close. The Insert IP Address dialog box closes and the IP address and netmask appear in the IP, VLAN dialog box.

8

Click Close in the IP, VLAN dialog box.

9

Click Close in the VLAN dialog box. The IP address is configured. —End—

Creating a protocol-based VLAN To create a protocol-based VLAN:

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64 Configuring VLANs

Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab is selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box appears. See "VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for port-based VLANs" (page 61).

3

Select the byProtocolId option button in the Type field. The dialog box activates fields needed to set up protocol-based VLANs. See "VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for protocol-based VLANs" (page 64). VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box for protocol-based VLANs

4

Type the unique VLAN ID in the Id field, or use the ID provided.

5

(Optional) Type the VLAN name in the Name field, or use the name provided.

6

(Optional) Select a color from the dropdown menu in the Color Identifier field, or use the color provided.

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Creating a VLAN

65

This color is used by VLAN Manager to visually distinguish the VLANs in a network. 7

Select the spanning tree group ID for the VLAN in the StgID field.

8

Click the ellipsis (...) in the PortMembers field. The VlanPortMembers dialog box appears. See "VlanPortMembers dialog box" (page 65).

VlanPortMembers dialog box

9

Click the ports to add to the VLAN. Ports that display in gray cannot be added to the VLAN. (For example, you cannot select ports that are not in the same STG as the new VLAN.)

10

Click Ok. The VlanPortMembers dialog box closes and the port members appear in the VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box. When a protocol-based VLAN is created, all ports in the underlying STG are automatically added as members, unless they are already members of an existing protocol-based VLAN of the same type.

11

Select a protocol ID option button in the ProtocolId field. To configure a non-standard protocol, see "Configuring user-defined protocol-based VLANs" (page 66).

12

Click a level option button (0-7) in the QosLevel field.

13

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box closes, and the protocol-based VLAN is added to the Basic tab of the VLAN dialog box.

14

Do one of the following: •

If you are not configuring an IP address for the VLAN, click Close. The VLAN is configured and the VLAN dialog box closes.

•

If you are configuring an IP address for the VLAN, see "Configuring an IP address for a VLAN" (page 62). —End—

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66 Configuring VLANs

Configuring user-defined protocol-based VLANs You can create user-defined, protocol-based VLANs in support of networks with non-standard protocols. To create a user-defined protocol-based VLAN: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box appears. See "VLAN, Insert Basic: insert a user-defined, protocol-based VLAN" (page 67).

3

Select the byProtocolId option button in the Type field.

4

Click the ellipsis (...) in the PortMembers field. The VlanPortMembers dialog box appears. See "VlanPortMembers dialog box" (page 65).

5

Click the ports to add to the VLAN. Ports that display in gray cannot be added to the VLAN. (For example, you cannot select ports that are not in the same STG as the new VLAN.)

6

Click Ok. The VlanPortMembers dialog box closes and the port members appear in the VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box.

7

Select the usrDefined option button in the ProtocolId field. The UserDefinedPidList field becomes editable. See "VLAN, Insert Basic: insert a user-defined, protocol-based VLAN" (page 67).

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Creating a VLAN

67

VLAN, Insert Basic: insert a user-defined, protocol-based VLAN

8

Enter the PID for the protocol in a four-digit hexadecimal range or list format in the UserDefinedPidList field. You can specify up to a maximum of eight PIDs for a user-defined VLAN. You can specify the PIDs as a range separated by dashes (-), or individual PIDs separated by commas (,) or a combination of the two. For example, you can specify 9001-9004 or 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004 or 9001, 9003-9009. For information about PIDs that cannot be used, see "User-defined protocol-based VLANs" (page 21).

9

Select an encapsulation option button in the Encap field.

10

Select a level option button (0-7) in the QosLevel field.

11

Click Insert. The VLAN, Insert Basic dialog box closes, and the protocol-based VLAN is added to the Basic tab of the VLAN dialog box.

12

Click Apply.

13

Click Close. The non-standard protocol-based VLAN is configured.

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68 Configuring VLANs

—End—

Managing a VLAN This section includes the following topics: •

"Changing VLAN port membership" (page 68)

•

"Configuring advanced VLAN features" (page 69)

•

"Configuring a VLAN to accept tagged or untagged frames" (page 71)

•

"Configuring a MAC address for auto-learning on a VLAN" (page 73)

•

"Modifying auto-learned MAC addresses" (page 75)

After a VLAN is created, you cannot change its type. You must first delete the VLAN, and then create a new VLAN of a different type.

Changing VLAN port membership To change the port membership of a VLAN: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs on the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Double-click the PortMembers field for the VLAN whose ports you want to change. The PortMembers, VLAN dialog box for the VLAN appears. See "PortMembers, VLAN dialog box" (page 68). PortMembers, VLAN dialog box

3

Click the port members to add or remove. Ports that display in gray cannot be added to the VLAN. (For example, you cannot select ports that are not in the same STG.)

4

Click Ok. The PortMembers dialog box closes and the changes appear in the Basic tab.

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Managing a VLAN

5

Click Apply.

6

Click Close.

69

The port membership for the VLAN is changed and the VLAN dialog box closes. —End—

Configuring advanced VLAN features The Advanced tab contains advanced fields, including the Vlan Operation Action field, which is useful when troubleshooting. Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears, with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Click the Advanced tab. The Advanced tab appears. See "VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab" (page 69).

VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab

—End—

Table 9 "VLAN - Advanced tab fields" (page 70) describes the VLAN Advanced tab fields.

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70 Configuring VLANs Table 9 VLAN - Advanced tab fields Field

Description

Id

The VLAN ID.

Name

The name of the VLAN.

IfIndex

The logical interface index assigned to the VLAN.

Type

Type of VLAN:

•

byPort

•

byIpSubnet

•

byProtocolId

MacAddress

The MAC address assigned to the virtual router interface for this VLAN. This field applies only when the VLAN is configured for routing. This MAC address is used as the Source MAC in routed frames and ARP replies.

Vlan Operation Action

One of the following VLAN-related actions:

•

none — None of the following updates are made.

•

flushMacFdb — flush MAC forwarding table for VLAN

•

flushArp — flush ARP table for VLAN

•

flushIp — flush IP route table for VLAN. When this command is executed, a RIP request is immediately sent out to solicit the updated RIP routes.

•

all — flush all tables for VLAN. When this command is executed, a RIP request is immediately sent out to solicit the updated RIP routes.

•

flushSnoopMem — flush IGMP Snoop Members

•

flushSnoopMRtr — flush snoop multicast router

Result

Result code for action.

UserDefinedPidList

User-defined protocol ID list if the user selected and defined a protocol type.

Encap

This encapsulation is for user-defined protocol-based VLANs. The default value is null.

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Managing a VLAN

71

Field

Description

UpdateDynamicMacQosLevel

This field is used to indicate whether to update the QoS level for dynamically learned MAC addresses associated with a subnet-based or protocol-based VLAN. If it is set to ENABLE, the QoS level for all dynamically learned MAC addresses is changed when changing the VLAN QoS level. If set to DISABLE, when a MAC address is learned, the QoS level is not updated when the VLAN QoS level changes.

QosLevel

Indicate the quality of service level of the destination Mac Address of incoming frames on this VLAN.

•

level0 (lowest priority)

•

level1 (default)

•

level2

•

level3

•

level4

•

level5

•

level6

•

level7 (highest priority)

Configuring a VLAN to accept tagged or untagged frames To configure a VLAN to accept tagged or untagged frames from a port: Step

Action

1

Select the port in the Device Manager main window. The port is highlighted.

2

Select Edit > Port from the Device Manager menu bar. The Port dialog box appears with the Interface tab selected. See "Port dialog box - Interface tab" (page 72). The tab label varies, depending on the module that you selected.

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72 Configuring VLANs Port dialog box - Interface tab

3

Click the VLAN tab. The VLAN tab appears. See "Port dialog box - VLAN tab" (page 72). Port dialog box - VLAN tab

4

To configure tagging on the port, select the PerformTagging check box. This setting is applied to all VLANs associated with the port.

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Managing a VLAN

73

•

If the check box is selected, tagging is enabled. All frames sent from this port are tagged. You can either discard the tagged frames (go to Step 5), send untagged frames to the default VLAN (go to Step 6), or forward them to a VLAN (go to Step 7).

•

If the check box is cleared, tagging is disabled. The port does not send tagged frames. The switch removes the tag before sending the frame out the port. You can either discard the untagged frames (go to Step 5), send untagged frames to the default VLAN (go to Step 6), or forward them to a VLAN (go to Step 7).

When you enable tagging on an untagged port, the previous configuration of VLANs and STGs for the port is lost. In addition, the port resets and runs Spanning Tree Protocol, thus breaking connectivity while the protocol goes through the normal blocking and learning states before the forwarding state. 5

To discard untagged frames on a port with tagging enabled, select the DiscardUntaggedFrames check box.

6

To designate a default VLAN to associate with untagged frames, select the UntagPortDefaultVlan check box.

7

To designate a default VLAN to associate with discarded frames, enter a VLAN ID in the DefaultVlanId field (or use the default VLAN 1).

8

Click Apply.

9

Click Close. Tagging is configured for the port. —End—

Configuring a MAC address for auto-learning on a VLAN You can manually configure a MAC address for auto-learning on a VLAN port. To manually configure a MAC address on a VLAN port: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MAC Learning from the Device Manager menu bar. The VlanMacLearning dialog box appears with the Manual Edit tab selected. See "VlanMacLearning dialog box - Manual Edit tab" (page 74).

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74 Configuring VLANs VlanMacLearning dialog box - Manual Edit tab

2

Click Insert. The VlanMacLearning, Insert Manual Edit dialog box appears. See "VlanMacLearning, Insert Manual Edit dialog box" (page 74). VlanMacLearning, Insert Manual Edit dialog box

3

Enter the source MAC address in the Address field.

4

Click the ellipsis (...) in the Ports field. The BridgeManualEditPorts dialog box appears, showing the available ports. See "BridgeManualEditPorts dialog box" (page 74).

BridgeManualEditPorts dialog box

5

Click the port numbers of the ports you want to perform VLAN MAC learning.

6

Click Ok. The BridgeManualEditPorts dialog box closes and the port numbers are added to the Insert Manual Edit dialog box.

7

Click Insert. The Insert Manual Edit dialog box closes and the MAC address and ports are added to the Manual Edit tab of the VlanMacLearning dialog box.

8

Click Apply.

9

Click Close. VLAN MAC learning is configured and the dialog box closes.

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Managing a VLAN

75

—End—

Table 10 "VlanMacLearning - Insert Manual Edit tab fields" (page 75) describes the Insert Manual Edit tab fields. Table 10 VlanMacLearning - Insert Manual Edit tab fields Field

Description

Address

The source MAC address of an entry.

Ports

The allowed ports the MAC address of this entry is learned on.

Modifying auto-learned MAC addresses Use theAuto Learn tab to change a MAC address that was automatically learned to one that can be edited manually. To modify a MAC address that was automatically learned: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MAC Learning on the Device Manager menu bar. The VlanMacLearning dialog box appears with the Manual Edit tab selected. See "VlanMacLearning dialog box - Manual Edit tab" (page 74).

2

Click the Auto Learn tab. The Auto Learn tab appears, displaying any MAC addresses that were automatically learned. See "VlanMacLearning dialog box Auto Learn tab" (page 75). VlanMacLearning dialog box - Auto Learn tab

3

Double-click the address in the Auto Learn Action field that you want to change, and select convertToManualEdit from the drop-down menu.

4

Click Apply. The Auto Learn Action is changed.

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76 Configuring VLANs

—End—

VlanMacLearning - Auto Learn tab fields describes the VLAN Auto Learn tab fields.

Managing the VLAN forwarding database In the ERS 8300, each VLAN has its own forwarding database. This section includes the following topics: • •

"Viewing the forwarding database" (page 77)

•

"Clearing learned MAC addresses from the forwarding database" (page 79)

•

"Configuring static forwarding" (page 80)

•

"About MAC-layer bridge packet filtering" (page 83)

•

"Configuring VLAN forwarding database filters" (page 83)

Configuring aging in the VLAN forwarding database To configure the VLAN forwarding database aging timeout period: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Select a VLAN in the VLAN dialog box.

3

Click Bridge. The Bridge, VLAN dialog box appears with the Transparent tab selected. See "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab" (page 76). The tab displays learned entry discards. Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab

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Managing the VLAN forwarding database

4

Enter an interval in seconds (10 - 1000000) in the FdbAging field for aging out dynamically learned forwarding information, or keep the default (300 seconds).

5

Click Apply.

6

Click Close.

77

The changes are applied and the Bridge, VLAN dialog box closes. —End—

Table 11 "Bridge ,VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab fields" (page 77) describes the Transparent tab fields on the Bridge, VLAN dialog box. Table 11 Bridge ,VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab fields Field

Description

FdbAging

The timeout period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned forwarding information.The IEEE 802.1D-1990 standard recommends a default of 300 seconds. The actual aging time is up to twice the Fdb Aging value you assigned.

Viewing the forwarding database The Forwarding tab shows the forwarding database for the VLAN, and contains unicast information about bridge forwarding and filtering.This information is used by transparent bridging to determine how to forward a received frame. To access the Forwarding tab: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Select a VLAN in the VLAN dialog box.

3

Click Bridge. The Bridge, VLAN dialog box appears with the Transparent tab selected. See "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab" (page 76).

4

Click the Forwarding tab.

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78 Configuring VLANs

The Forwarding tab appears. See "Bridge, VLAN dialog box Forwarding tab" (page 78). Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Forwarding tab

—End—

Table 12 "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Forwarding tab fields" (page 78) describes the Bridge, VLAN dialog box, Forwarding tab fields. Table 12 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Forwarding tab fields Field

Description

Status

Values include: •

self — one of the bridge’s addresses

•

learned — a learned entry that is used

•

mgmt — a static entry

MacAddress

A unicast MAC address that the bridge has forwarding and filtering information for.

VlanId

Specifies the virtual LAN identifier.

Port

Either a value of zero (0) or the port number of the port, on which a frame having the specified MAC address is seen. A value of 0 indicates a self-assigned MAC address.

QosLevel

Indicate the quality of service level of the incoming frames with this destination Mac Address. •

level0 (lowest priority)

•

level1 (default)

•

level2

•

level3

•

level4

•

level5

•

level6

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Managing the VLAN forwarding database

Field

79

Description •

SmltRemote

level7 (highest priority)

Specifies if you want to use SMLT.

Clearing learned MAC addresses from the forwarding database For troubleshooting, you can manually flush the bridge forwarding database of learned MAC addresses. This operation can be done for all MAC addresses using one of the following procedures: •

"Clearing learned MAC addresses by VLAN" (page 79)

•

"Clearing learned MAC addresses for all VLANs by port" (page 80)

Clearing learned MAC addresses by VLAN To clear the forwarding database of learned MAC addresses for a VLAN: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab selected. SeeFigure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Click the Advanced tab. The Advanced tab appears.

3

Double-click the VLAN Operation Action field for a specific VLAN, and select flushMacFdb from the drop-down menu. See "VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab: flushing the forwarding database" (page 79).

VLAN dialog box - Advanced tab: flushing the forwarding database

4

Click Apply. The VLAN is set for flushing the bridge forwarding database

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80 Configuring VLANs

—End—

Clearing learned MAC addresses for all VLANs by port To clear learned MAC addresses from the forwarding database for all VLANs by port: Step

Action

1

Select a port from the Device Manager Main window. The port is highlighted.

2

Select Edit > Port from the menu bar. The Port dialog box appears with the Interface tab selected. See "Port dialog box - Interface tab" (page 72).

3

Select the FlushMacFdb option button in the Action field.

4

Click Apply.

5

Click Close. All learned MAC addresses are cleared from the forwarding database for VLANs associated with this port. —End—

Configuring static forwarding To configure forwarding information: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > VLANs from the Device Manager menu bar. The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

Select a VLAN in the VLAN dialog box.

3

Click Bridge. The Bridge, VLAN dialog box appears with the Transparent tab selected. See "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab" (page 76).

4

Click the Static tab.

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Managing the VLAN forwarding database

81

The Static tab appears. See "Bridge, VLAN - Static tab" (page 81). Bridge, VLAN - Static tab

5

Click Insert. The Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box appears. See "Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box" (page 81). Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box

6

Enter a forwarding destination MAC address in the MacAddress field.

7

Click the ellipsis (...) in the Port field. The Bridge Static Port dialog box appears.

8

Click the number for the port that the frame is received on.

9

Click Ok. The Bridge Static Port dialog box closes and the selected port appears in the Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box.

10

Select a quality of service level (0 - 8) option button in the QosLevel field, or use the default (level 1).

11

Click Insert. The Bridge, VLAN, Insert Static dialog box closes and the static information appears in the Static tab of the Bridge, VLAN dialog box.

12

Click Close. The static forwarding information is configured, and the Bridge, VLAN dialog box closes.

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82 Configuring VLANs

—End—

Table 13 "Bridge , VLAN - Static tab fields" (page 82) describes the Static tab fields on the Bridge, VLAN dialog box. Table 13 Bridge , VLAN - Static tab fields Field

Description

MacAddress

The destination MAC address in a frame, to which this entry’s forwarding information applies. This object can take the value of a unicast address.

Port

The port number of the port that the frame is received on.

VlanId

Specifies the virtual LAN identifier.

QosLevel

Indicate the quality of service level of the incoming frames with this destination Mac Address.

Status

•

level0 (lowest priority)

•

level1 (default)

•

level2

•

level3

•

level4

•

level5

•

level6

•

level7 (highest priority)

In the Static tab, displays one of the following states for this entry:

•

permanent — in use and remains so after the next bridge reset. This value is the default

•

deleteOnReset — in use and remains so until the next bridge reset

•

deleteOnTimeout — currently in use and remains so until it is aged

•

other — in use but the conditions under which it remains so, are different from other values

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83

About MAC-layer bridge packet filtering To perform MAC-layer bridging, the switch must know the destination MAC-layer address of each device on each attached network so it can forward packets to the appropriate destination. MAC-layer addresses are stored in the bridging table, and you can filter packet traffic based on the destination MAC-layer address information. The MAC filtering supported in the ERS 8300 is the Bridge MIB filtering (RFC 1493). The number of MAC filters is limited to 100. You create a filter entry in much the same way as you create a static MAC entry; by entering a MAC address and the port it resides on. In the MAC filter record, you also specify the ports for which to discard source or destination packets for the MAC address on a port.

Configuring VLAN forwarding database filters To configure a filter: Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > VLANs. The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab selected. See Figure 20 "VLAN dialog box - Basic tab" (page 58).

2

From the VLAN dialog box, select a VLAN.

3

Click Bridge. The Bridge, VLAN dialog box appears with the Transparent tab selected. See "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Transparent tab" (page 76).

4

Click the Filter tab.

5

Click Insert. The Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box appears. See "Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box" (page 83). Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box

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84 Configuring VLANs

6

Enter the MAC address, in the MacAddress field, used to match the destination address of incoming packets.

7

Click the (...) in the Port field. The BridgeFilterPort dialog box appears.

8

Select the port number for this MAC address.

9

Click Ok. The BridgeFilterPort dialog box closes and the port is added to the Port field on the Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box.

10

11

Select a drop method option button in the DropCommand field: •

none: No packets are dropped.

•

srcDrop: Drops packets with this source MAC address.

•

dstDrop: Drops packets with this destination MAC address.

•

bothDrop: Drops packets with this source and destination MAC address.

Click Insert. The Bridge, VLAN, Insert Filter dialog box closes and the filter appears in the Filter tab.

12

Click Close in the Bridge, VLAN dialog box.

13

Click Close in the VLAN dialog box. The filter is configured. —End—

Table 14 "Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Filter tab fields" (page 84) describes the Bridge, VLAN dialog box, Filter tab fields. Table 14 Bridge, VLAN dialog box - Filter tab fields Field

Description

MacAddress

The MAC address of this entry. This address is used to match the destination address of incoming packets.

VlanId

Specifies the virtual LAN identifier.

Port

The port that this MAC address is found on.

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Managing the VLAN forwarding database

Field

Description

DropCommand

Specify a drop method:

QosLevel

Status

85

•

none: No packets are dropped.

•

srcDrop: Drops packets with this source MAC address.

•

dstDrop: Drops packets with this destination MAC address.

•

bothDrop: Drops packets with this source and destination MAC address.

Indicate the quality of service level of the incoming frames with this destination Mac Address.

•

level0 (lowest priority)

•

level1 (default)

•

level2

•

level3

•

level4

•

level5

•

level6

•

level7 (highest priority)

Displays the status of this entry.

•

other(1)

•

invalid(2)

•

permanent(3), the default

•

deleteOnReset(4)

•

deleteOnTimeout(5)

Configuring Layer 2 multicast MAC filtering Configure Layer 2 multicast MAC filtering to direct MAC multicast flooding to a specific set of ports.

Procedure steps Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, choose VLAN > VLANs.

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86 Configuring VLANs

The VLAN dialog box appears with the Basic tab displayed. The Basic tab displays all defined VLANs, their configurations, and their current status. 2

From the table, select a VLAN.

3

Click Bridge. The Bridge dialog box appears with the FDB Aging tab displayed.

4

Click the Multicast tab. The Multicast tab appears.

5

In the Multicast tab, click Insert.

6

In the Address box, type the MAC address for the multicast flooding domain.

7

Click the ellipsis (...) next to the ForwardingPorts box and choose from the list of ports that appear.

8

Click Ok.

9

Click the ellipsis (...) next to the MltIds box and choose from the list of MLT IDs that appear.

10

Click Ok.

11

After you finish entering the required information in the dialog box, click Insert. —End—

Use the data in the following table to complete the Bridge, VLAN, Insert Multicast tab. Table 15 Bridge, VLAN, Insert Multicast tab fields Variable

Value

Address

The MAC address for the multicast flooding domain.This field does not accept MAC addresses beginning with 01:00:5e (01:00:5e:00:00:00 to 01:00:5e:ff:ff:ff inclusive). If you attempt to use this type of address, the following error message is displayed: Error: Invalid MAV address

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87

Variable

Value

ForwardingPorts

The ports to be included in the multicast flooding domain.

MltIds

The multilink trunks that must be included in the multicast flooding domain.

Configuring port auto recovery This section describes how to configure the port auto recovery feature on the ERS 8300. The following topics are included: •

"Configuring auto recovery delay time" (page 87)

•

"Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for a single port" (page 88)

•

"Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for multiple ports" (page 89)

Configuring auto recovery delay time Perform the steps in this procedure to configure auto recovery delay time on the ERS 8300. Step

Action

1

From Device Manager, select Edit > Chassis. The Chassis window appears with the System tab displayed.

2

Select the Chassis tab.

3

In the AutoRecoverDelay dialog box, type a value in the range of 5 to 3600 seconds.

4

Click Apply. —End—

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88 Configuring VLANs

Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for a single port Perform the steps in the following procedure to enable or disable port auto recovery for a single port on the ERS 8300. Step

Action

1

From Device Manager, click a port.

2

From the Device Manager main menu, select Edit > Port. OR Right-click on the selected port and select Edit from the menu that appears. The edit port window for the selected port appears with the Interface tab displayed.

3

To enable auto recovery on the port, select the AutoRecoverPort check box. OR To disable auto recovery on the port, clear the AutoRecoverPort check box.

4

Click Apply. —End—

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89

Enabling or disabling port auto recovery for multiple ports Perform the steps in the following procedure to enable or disable port auto recovery for multiple ports on the ERS 8300. Step

Action

1

Hold down the Ctrl key on your keyboard.

2

From Device Manager, click on two or more ports.

3

From the Device Manager main menu, select Edit > Port. OR Right-click on one of the selected ports and select Edit from the menu that appears. The edit window for the selected ports appears with the Interface tab displayed.

4

Double-click on the AutoRecoverPort box for one of the ports.

5

To enable auto recovery on the port, select true. OR To disable auto recovery on the port, select false.

6

Repeat steps 4 and 5 as required.

7

Click Apply. —End—

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90 Configuring VLANs

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91

Configuring Spanning Tree Group The operation of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is defined in the IEEE Std 802.1D. The Spanning Tree Protocol detects and eliminates logical loops in a bridged or switched network. When multiple paths exist, the spanning tree algorithm configures the network so that a bridge or switch uses only the most efficient path. If that path fails, the protocol automatically reconfigures the network to make another path become active, thus sustaining network operations. You can control path redundancy for VLANs by implementing the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP). A network can include multiple instances of STP. The collection of ports in one spanning tree instance is called a spanning tree group (STG). This chapter includes the following topics: •

"Spanning tree groups" (page 91)

•

"Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 103)

Spanning tree groups Each STG consists of a collection of ports that belong to the same instance of the STP protocol. These STP instances are completely independent from each other (that is, they send their own BPDUs, they have their own timers, and so on). Multiple STGs are possible within the same switch; that is, the routing switch can participate in the negotiation for multiple spanning trees. This section describes using the Device Manager to create, manage, and monitor spanning tree groups (STGs), and includes the following topics: •

Understanding STGs and VLANs

•

"Configuring STG global settings" (page 92)

•

"Creating an STG" (page 92)

•

"Editing an STG" (page 95)

•

"Adding ports to an STG" (page 96)

•

"Viewing STG status" (page 96)

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92 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

•

"Viewing STG ports" (page 98)

•

"Enabling STP on a port" (page 101)

•

"Deleting an STG" (page 102)

•

"Configuring topology change detection" (page 102)

Configuring STG global settings To configure STG global settings: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears, with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92). STG dialog box - Globals tab

2

Enter the MAC (multicast) address that sends BPDUs. A default MAC address is assigned to an STG that you create. BPDUs are sent from this MAC address. To change that default MAC address, enter the MAC address of your choice in the BpduStartMacAddress field.

3

In the BpduMacAddressMask box, identify the mask for the MAC address that sends BPDUs.

4

Click Apply. —End—

Creating an STG To create anSTG: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar.

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The STG dialog box appears, with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92). 2

Click the Configuration tab. The Configuration tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Configuration tab" (page 93).

STG dialog box - Configuration tab

3

Click Insert. The STG, Insert Configuration dialog box appears. See "STG, Insert Configuration dialog box" (page 93). STG, Insert Configuration dialog box

4

Use the fields in the STG, Insert Configuration dialog box to configure the STG. In the STG table, the STG ID and TaggedBpduVlanId must be unique. If you change the STG ID without updating TaggedBpduVlandId, the insertion can fail because of a duplicate TaggedBpduVlanId.

5

Click the ellipses (...) in the PortMembers field to add ports to the STG. The StgPortMembers dialog box appears. See "StgPortMembers dialog box" (page 94).

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94 Configuring Spanning Tree Group StgPortMembers dialog box

6

Click the ports you want to add to the STG.

7

Click OK. The StgPortMembers dialog box closes, and the ports are added to the PortMembers field in the STG, Insert Configuration dialog box.

8

Click Insert. The STG, Insert Configuration dialog box closes, and the STG appears in the Configuration tab.

9

Click Apply. The STG is configured. —End—

Nontagged ports can belong to only one STG. Table 16 "STG Configuration tab fields" (page 94) describes the STG Configuration tab fields. Table 16 STG Configuration tab fields Field

Description

Id

The ID number for the STG. The STG ID and TaggedBpduVlanId must be unique in the STG table. If you change the STG ID without updating TaggedBpduVlanId, the insertion can fail because of a duplicate TaggedBpduVlanId.

Priority

Sets the STP bridge priority. The range is 0 (highest priority) to 65535 (lowest priority). The default is 32768.

BridgeMaxAge

The value (in hundredths of a second) that all bridges use for MaxAge when this bridge is acting as the root. The 802.1D-1990 standard specifies that the BridgeMaxAge range is related to the value of dot1dStpBridgeHelloTime. The default is 2000 (20 seconds)

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Field

Description

BridgeHelloTime

The value (in hundredths of a second) that all bridges use for HelloTime when this bridge is acting as the root. The granularity of this timer is specified by the IEEE 802.1D-1990 standard to be in increments of 1/100 of a second. The default is 200 (2 seconds).

BridgeForwardDelay

The value (in hundredths of a second) that all bridges use for Forward Delay when this bridge is acting as the root. The default is 1500 (15 seconds).

EnableSTP

Enables (check box is selected) or disables (check box is cleared) the spanning tree algorithm for the STG.

StpTrapEnable

Enables SNMP traps to be sent to the trace receiver each time an STP topology occurs (check box is selected).

TaggedBpduAddress

Represents a MAC address. This address is used specifically for tagged BPDUs. This field is assigned by the system.

TaggedBpduVlanId

Represents the VLAN tag associated with the STG. This ID is used to tag BPDUs through a non-IEEE tagging bridge to another Ethernet Routing Switch 8000 Series. By default, the TaggedBpduVlanId is an address calculated by Device Manager based on the STG ID. Accepting the default value calculated by Device Manager makes it much simpler to coordinate STGs across multiple switches. If you enter a custom value for this field, you must manually coordinate it across all switches. The STG ID and TaggedBpduVlanId must be unique in the STG table. If you change the STG ID without updating TaggedBpduVlanId, the insertion can fail because of a duplicate TaggedBpduVlanId.

PortMembers

The ports you want to become members of the new STG. Ports are not selectable if configured as members of any other STG.

Editing an STG To edit anSTG: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92).

2

Click the Configuration tab. The Configuration tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Configuration tab" (page 93).

3

Double-click the field that you want to edit.

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96 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

The field becomes editable. 4

Enter a new value in the field, or select a new setting from the drop-down list.

5

Click Apply. The changes are applied to the STG. —End—

Adding ports to an STG To add ports to an STG: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92).

2

Click the Configuration tab. The Configuration tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Configuration tab" (page 93).

3

Double-click the PortMembers field for the STG. The STGPortMembers dialog box appears, indicating the port members assigned to this STG. See "StgPortMembers dialog box" (page 94).

4

Click the ports you want to add to the STG.

5

Click OK. The StgPortMembers dialog box closes, and the ports are added to the PortMembers field in the Configuration tab.

6

Click Apply. The ports are added to the STG. —End—

Viewing STG status With the Status tab, you can view the status of the spanning tree for each STG associated with the network. To view STG status: Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Spanning tree groups

Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar.

97

The STG dialog box appears with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92). 2

Click the Status tab. The Status tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Status tab" (page 97). —End—

STG dialog box - Status tab

Table 17 "STG Status tab fields" (page 97) describes the STG Status tab fields. Table 17 STG Status tab fields Field

Description

BridgeAddress

The MAC address used by this bridge when it must be referred to in a unique fashion.

NumPorts

The number of ports controlled by this bridging entity.

ProtocolSpecification

Indicates the version of the STP in use. The IEEE 802.1d implementations return ieee8021d.

TimeSinceTopologyChange Indicates the time (in hundredths of a second) since the last time a topology change was detected by the bridge entity or STG. TopChanges

A topology change trap is sent by a bridge when any of its configured ports transitions from the Learning state to the Forwarding state, or from the Forwarding state to the Blocking state. The trap is not sent if a new root trap is sent for the same transition. Implementation of this trap is optional.

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98 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

Field

Description

DesignatedRoot

The bridge identifier of the root of the spanning tree as determined by the STP. This value is used as the Root Identifier parameter in all configuration BPDUs originated by this node.

RootCost

The cost of the path to the root as seen from this bridge.

RootPort

The port number that offers the lowest cost path from this bridge to the root bridge.

MaxAge

The maximum age of STP information learned from the network on any port before it is discarded (in units of hundredths of a second). This is the actual value that this bridge is currently using.

HelloTime

The amount of time (in hundredths of a second) between transmission of configuration BPDUs by this node on any port when it is the root of the spanning tree. The default value is 200 (2 seconds).

HoldTime

The time interval (in hundredths of a second), during which no more than two configuration BPDUs are transmitted by this node. The default value is 100 (1 second).

ForwardDelay

The time interval (in hundredths of a second) that controls how fast a port changes its spanning state (when moving toward the Forwarding state). The value determines how long the port stays in each of the Listening and Learning states, which precede the Forwarding state. This value is also used when a topology change is detected and is under way, to age all dynamic entries in the Forwarding Database. This value is the one this bridge is currently using, in contrast to rcStgBridgeForwardDelay, which is the value that this bridge and all others use if/when this bridge becomes the root. The default value is 1500 (15 seconds).

Viewing STG ports Use the Ports tab to view the status of ports for each STG in the network. To view STG ports: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar.

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99

The STG dialog box appears with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92). 2

Click the Ports tab. The Ports tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Ports tab" (page 99). —End—

STG dialog box - Ports tab

Table 18 "STG Ports tab fields" (page 99) describes the Ports tab fields. Table 18 STG Ports tab fields Field

Description

Port

The port number that this entry contains STP management information for.

StgId

The STG identifier assigned to this port.

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Field

Description

Priority

The value of the priority field contained in the first octet of the Port ID. The second octet of the Port ID is defined by the value of rcStgPort (the Port ID has only two octets). Although port priority values range from 0–255, only the following values are used on the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Series: 0, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 240. The default value is 128.

State

The current state of the port as defined by the application of the STP:

•

disabled (1),

•

blocking (2),

•

listening (3),

•

learning (4),

•

forwarding (5),

•

broken (6)

This state controls what action a port takes on reception of the frame. If the bridge detects a port malfunctioning, it places that port into the broken (6) state. For ports that are disabled, the state has a value of disabled. EnableStp

FastStart

The STP state of the port.

•

Enabled — BPDUs are processed in accordance with STP.

•

Disabled — The port stays in a forwarding state, received BPDUs are dropped and not processed, and no BPDU is generated.

When this flag is set, the port is moved to the forwarding (5) state upon being enabled.

•

true (enables FastStart for the port)

•

false (default, disables FastStart for the port)

This setting is contrary to that specified in the IEEE 802.1D standard for STP, in which a port enters the blocking state following the initialization of the bridging device or configuration of the port (that is, the port is enabled (from the disabled state) through configuration).

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Field

Description

PathCost

The contribution of this port to the path cost of paths toward the spanning tree root that includes this port. The 802.1D-1990 protocol recommends that the default value of this parameter be in inverse proportion to the speed of the attached LAN.

DesignatedRoot

The unique Bridge Identifier of the bridge recorded as the root in the configuration BPDUs. The configuration BPDUs are transmitted by the Designated Bridge for the segment the port is attached to.

DesignatedCost

The path cost of the Designated Port of the segment connected to this port. This value is compared to the Root Path Cost field in received BPDUs.

DesignatedBridge

The Bridge Identifier of the bridge that this port considers to be the Designated Bridge for this segment.

DesignatedPort

The Port Identifier Designated Bridge port for this segment.

ForwardTransitions

The number of times this port transitioned from the Learning state to the Forwarding state.

ChangeDetection

The change detection setting (true or false) for this port. This value can be configured on access ports only. If you enable change detection on an MLT with access ports, the setting is automatically applied to all ports in the MLT.See"Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection" (page 29).

Enabling STP on a port To enable STP for a port: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears, with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92).

2

Click the Ports tab. The Ports tab appears.See "STG dialog box - Ports tab" (page 99).

3

Double-click the EnableStp field for the port you want to enable (if the port is not enabled, false appears in the field). The drop-down list appears.

4

Select true from the drop-down list. The EnableStp field setting changes.

5

Click Apply. STP is enabled for the port.

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102 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

—End—

Deleting an STG To delete an STG: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears, with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92).

2

Click the Configuration tab. The Configuration tab appears. See "STG dialog box - Configuration tab" (page 93).

3

Select the STG that you want to delete. All VLANs must be deleted from an STG before you can remove it.

4

Click Delete. You cannot delete STG 1, the default STG. —End—

Configuring topology change detection To configure topology change detection on a port: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > STG from the Device Manager menu bar. The STG dialog box appears, with the Globals tab selected. See "STG dialog box - Globals tab" (page 92).

2

Click the Ports tab. The Ports tab appears.See "STG dialog box - Ports tab" (page 99).

3

Double-click the ChangeDetection field for the port of your choice. The drop-down list of change detection options appears.

4

Select one of the following from the drop-down list: •

To enable change detection on the port, select true.

•

To disable change detection on the port, select false.

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Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol

5

103

Click Apply. Change detection is configured for the port. —End—

For more information, see "Spanning Tree Protocol topology change detection" (page 29).

Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol You can detect logical loops in SMLT networks with SLPP. For more information about SLPP, see "Simple Loop Prevention Protocol" (page 52). This section includes the following topics: •

"Configuring SLPP globally" (page 103)

•

"Configuring the SLPP by VLAN" (page 104)

•

"Configuring the SLPP by port" (page 106)

SLPP does not support jumbo frames on the Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 v4.0.

Configuring SLPP globally Perform the steps in the following procedure to configure Simple Loop Prevention Protocol (SLPP) globally. Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > SLPP. The Slpp window appears with the Global tab displayed.

2

Select the GlobalEnable check box.

3

In the TransmissionInterval dialog box, type a value for the time interval for loop detection.

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104 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

4

In the EtherType dialog box, enter the SLPP protocol value as a hexadecimal number.

5

Click Apply. —End—

Table 19 "SLPP - Global tab fields" (page 104) describes the fields of the SLPP Global tab. Table 19 SLPP - Global tab fields Field

Description

GlobalEnable

Globally enables or disables SLPP. The SLPP packet transmission and reception process is active only when the SLPP operation is enabled. When the SLPP operation is disabled, no SLPP packet is sent, and any received SLPP packet is discarded.

TransmissionInterval

Sets the interval (in milliseconds), for which loop detection occurs. The range is 500 – 5000 ms, and the default is 500 ms.

EtherType

Specifies the SLPP protocol identification. This value is expressed in hexadecimal format, in the range of 1 – 65535.

Configuring the SLPP by VLAN Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > SLPP. The Slpp box appears with the Global tab open.

2

Click the VLANS tab. The VLANS tab appears.

3

Click Insert. The Slpp, Insert VLANS window appears.

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Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol

4

105

Click the VlanID button (...). The VlanId box appears.

5

Select a VLAN ID.

6

Click Ok.

7

Select the SlppEnable check box.

8

Click Insert. The ID and status of the selected VLAN appears in the Slpp—VLANS tab window. —End—

Table 20 "SLPP - Insert VLANS window fields" (page 106) describes the Slpp, Insert VLANS window fields.

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106 Configuring Spanning Tree Group Table 20 SLPP - Insert VLANS window fields Field

Description

VlanId

Specifies the VLAN.

SlppEnable

Enables SLPP transmission on the selected VLAN.

Configuring the SLPP by port To configure SLPP by port: Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > SLPP. The Slpp box appears with the Global tab open.

2

Click the Ports tab. The Slpp—Ports tab appears displaying all available ports.

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Configuring Simple Loop Prevention Protocol

107

3

Double-click the SlppEnable box for a port and select true to enable SLPP.

4

Click Apply. —End—

Table 21 "SLPP - Ports tab fields" (page 107) describes the Slpp, Ports tab fields. Table 21 SLPP - Ports tab fields Field

Description

IfIndex

Specifies the interface index number for a port.

PktRxThreshold

Specifies the threshold for packet reception from 1 – 500. After a port reaches the packet threshold, it is disabled.

SlppEnable

Enables or disables SLPP on the selected IfIndex.

IncomingVlanId

VLAN ID of the classified packet on a port disabled by SLPP.

SrcNodeType

Specifies the source node type of the received SLPP packet.

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108 Configuring Spanning Tree Group

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109

Configuring static link aggregation Link aggregation is a point-to-point connection that aggregates multiple ports so that they logically act like a single port with the aggregated bandwidth. Grouping multiple ports into a logical link provides higher aggregate throughput on a switch-to-switch or switch-to-server application. Link aggregation provides media and module redundancy. The Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 supports link aggregation in a static configuration mode where no LACP is used. The Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 link aggregation interoperates with Baystack and Ethernet Routing Switch 8600 link aggregation, also referred to as MLT. This chapter describes how to configure static link aggregation in your network, and includes the following topics: •

"Link aggregation traffic distribution" (page 30)

•

"Adding a link aggregation group" (page 110)

•

"Adding ports to a link aggregation group" (page 113)

•

"Viewing link aggregation interface statistics" (page 114)

•

"Viewing link aggregation Ethernet error statistics" (page 116)

•

"Viewing link aggregation interface utilization statistics" (page 119)

•

"Configuring SMLT" (page 120)

For conceptual information, see "Static link aggregation" (page 29).

Link aggregation traffic distribution Static aggregation groups can be used to aggregate bandwidth between two switches. The Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 distributes traffic by determining the active port in a link aggregation group that can be used for each outgoing packet. Link aggregation group algorithms are intended to provide load-sharing while ensuring that packets do not arrive out of sequence.

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110 Configuring static link aggregation

The Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 determines the port that a packet is transmitted through, using one of the following methods: •

tabulating the trunks and their active assigned port members for each link aggregation group Ports defined as trunk members are written to the table in the order they were activated. If a link goes down, the table is rewritten with one less trunk member.

•

using a selected index, based on traffic type and hashing algorithm.

Adding a link aggregation group To add a link aggregation group: Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > MLT . The MLT dialog box appears and displays active link aggregation groups. See "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab" (page 110). MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab

See Table 22 "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields" (page 112) for field descriptions. 2

Click Insert. The MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box appears. See "MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box" (page 111).

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Adding a link aggregation group

111

MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box

3

In the Id box, type the ID number for the link aggregation group or accept the ID provided.

4

Select either the access or trunk option button to specify the port type.

5

In the Name box, type a name for the link aggregation group or accept the default provided.

6

Click the button (...) in the PortMembers field to add ports to the link aggregation group. The MltPortMembers dialog box appears. See "MltPortMembers dialog box" (page 111). MltPortMembers dialog box

7

In the MltPortMembers dialog box, click the ports to include in the link aggregation group.

8

Click OK. The MltPortMembers dialog box closes. The ports you selected appear in the PortMembers field of the MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box.

9

Click the ellipsis button (...) in the VlanIds field to add a VLAN to the link aggregation group. The VlanIds dialog box appears. See "VlanIds dialog box" (page 112).

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112 Configuring static link aggregation VlanIds dialog box

10

Select a VLAN ID to add to the link aggregation group.

11

Click OK. The VlanIds dialog box closes. The VLAN type is added to the VlanIds field of the MLT, Insert MultiLink Trunks dialog box.

12

Clear the NtStgEnable check box if you prefer to use the Cisco-compatible mode of Spanning Tree. See "Spanning Tree modes" (page 28) for information about NTSTG.

13

Click Insert. The link aggregation group is added to the MultiLink Trunks tab of the MLT dialog box.

14

Click Apply. The link aggregation group is added. —End—

Table 22 "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields" (page 112)defines the MultiLink Trunks tab fields. Table 22 MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields Field

Description

Id

A value that uniquely identifies the link aggregation group.

PortType

•

For Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports, up to 7 MLTs (IDs 1–7) are supported.

•

For FastEthernet ports, up to 31 MLTs (IDs 1–31) are supported.

Specifies the port type: access or trunk port.

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Adding ports to a link aggregation group

Field

Description

Name

The name you assign to the MLT.

PortMembers

The ports assigned to the link aggregation group.

113

MLT is supported on 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX, Gigabit Ethernet ports, and 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports. All ports in an MLT must be of the same media type and have the same settings for speed and duplex. All ports must belong to the same STG. For Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 modules, up to eight same-type ports can belong to a single MLT. VlanIds

The VLANs to add to the link aggregation group.

MltType

Specifies the type of multilink trunk:

RunningType

•

normalMLT

•

istMLT

•

splitMLT

A read-only field that displays the MLT operational type: •

normalMLT

•

istMLT

•

splitMLT

SmltId

Indicates the MLT-based SMLT ID (an integer from 1–31).

IfIndex

A read-only field that displays the Interface Index number (in the range 6144–6174) identifying the MLT to the software.

NtStgEnable

NTSTG is enabled by default. Disable NTSTG to automatically enable the Cisco-compatible Spanning Tree mode (BPDUs are sent on only one link of the aggregation group).

DesignatedPort

The Port Identifier Designated Bridge port for this segment.

Adding ports to a link aggregation group To add ports to an existing link aggregation group: Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > MLT .

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114 Configuring static link aggregation

The MLT dialog box appears and displays active link aggregation groups. See "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab" (page 110). For field definitions, see Table 22 "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks fields" (page 112). 2

Double-click the PortMembers field for the group you want to add ports to. The MltPortMembers dialog box appears. See "MltPortMembers dialog box" (page 111). Ports currently assigned to the selected link aggregation group are selected. Available ports are editable.

3

In the MltPortMembers dialog box, do one of the following: •

To add individual ports, click the port numbers to add.

•

To add all ports in a module, click the slot number.

•

To add all ports, click All.

Up to eight ports of the same type can belong to a single link aggregation group. 4

Click OK. The MltPortMembers dialog box closes. The port numbers are added to the selected group on the MultiLink Trunks tab of the MLT dialog box.

5

Click Apply. The ports are added to the link aggregation group. —End—

Viewing link aggregation interface statistics To view link aggregation interfacestatistics: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears and displays active link aggregation groups. See "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab" (page 110).

2

Click in the row of a link aggregation group to select it.. The Graph button is activated.

3

Click the Graph button.

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Viewing link aggregation interface statistics

115

The Statistics, MLT window appears, with the Interface tab displaying interface statistics. See "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab" (page 115). Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab

—End—

Table 23 "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab fields" (page 115) defines the fields on the Interface tab. Table 23 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface tab fields Field

Description

InOctets

The total number of octets received on the MLT interface, including framing characters.

OutOctets

The total number of octets transmitted out of the MLT interface, including framing characters.

InUcastPkts

The number of packets delivered by this MLT to higher level protocols that were not addressed to a multicast or broadcast address at this sublayer.

OutUcastPkts

The number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted that were not addressed to a multicast address at this MLT.This total number includes those packets discarded or unsent.

InMulticastPkt

The number of packets delivered to this MLT that were addressed to a multicast address at this sublayer. For a MAC layer protocol, this number includes both Group and Functional addresses.

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116 Configuring static link aggregation

Field

Description

OutMulticast

The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted, and that were addressed to a multicast address at this MLT, including those that were discarded or not sent. For a MAC layer protocol, this number includes both Group and Functional addresses.

InBroadcastPkt

The number of packets delivered to this MLT that were addressed to a broadcast address at this sublayer.

OutBroadcast

The total number of packets that higher-level protocols requested be transmitted, and that were addressed to a broadcast address at this MLT, including those that were discarded or not sent.

Viewing link aggregation Ethernet error statistics To view link aggregation Ethernet error statistics: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN >MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears and displays active link aggregation groups. See "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab" (page 110).

2

Click in the row of a link aggregation group to select it. The Graph button is activated.

3

Click the Graph button. The Statistics, MLT dialog box appears, with the interface tab selected.

4

Click the Ethernet Errors tab. The Ethernet Errors tab appears, and displays the statistics. See "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab" (page 117).

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Viewing link aggregation Ethernet error statistics

117

Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab

—End—

Table 24 "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab fields" (page 117) lists and defines the fields on the Ethernet Errors tab. Table 24 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Ethernet Errors tab fields Field

Description

AlignmentErrors

A count of frames received on a particular MLT that are not an integral number of octets in length and do not pass the FCS check. The count represented by an instance of this object is incremented when the alignmentError status is returned by the MAC service to the LLC (or other MAC user). Received frames with multiple error conditions are, according to the conventions of IEEE 802.3 Layer Management, counted exclusively according to the error status presented to the LLC.

FCSErrors

A count of frames received on an MLT that are an integral number of octets in length but do not pass the FCS check. The count represented by an instance of this object is incremented when the frameCheckError status is returned by the MAC service to the LLC (or other MAC user). Received frames with multiple error conditions are, according to the conventions of IEEE 802.3 Layer Management, counted exclusively according to the error status presented to the LLC.

IMacTransmitError

A count of frames, for which transmission on a particular MLT fails due to an internal MAC sublayer transmit error. A frame is only counted by an instance of this object if it is not counted by the corresponding instance of either the LateCollisions object, the ExcessiveCollisions object, or the CarrierSenseErrors object.

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118 Configuring static link aggregation

Field

Description

IMacReceiveError

A count of frames, for which reception on a particular MLT fails due to an internal MAC sublayer receive error. A frame is only counted by an instance of this object if it is not counted by the corresponding instance of either the FrameTooLongs object, the AlignmentErrors object, or the FCSErrors object. The precise meaning of the count represented by an instance of this object is implementation specific. In particular, an instance of this object can represent a count of receive errors on a particular interface that are not otherwise counted.

CarrierSenseError

The number of times that the carrier sense condition was lost or never asserted when attempting to transmit a frame on a particular MLT. The count represented by an instance of this object is incremented at most once per transmission attempt, even if the carrier sense condition fluctuates during a transmission attempt.

FrameTooLong

A count of frames received on a particular MLT that exceed the maximum permitted frame size. The count represented by an instance of this object is incremented when the frameTooLong status is returned by the MAC service to the LLC (or other MAC user). Received frames with multiple error conditions are, according to the conventions of IEEE 802.3 Layer Management, counted exclusively according to the error status presented to the LLC.

SQETestError

A count of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by the PLS sublayer for a particular MLT. The SQE TEST ERROR message is defined in section 7.2.2.2.4 of ANSI/IEEE 802.3-1985 and its generation is described in section 7.2.4.6 of the same document.

DeferredTransmiss

A count of frames, for which the first transmission attempt on a particular MLT is delayed because the medium is busy. The count represented by an instance of this object does not include frames involved in collisions.

SingleCollFrames

A count of successfully transmitted frames on a particular MLT, for which transmission is inhibited by exactly one collision. A frame counted by an instance of this object is also counted by the corresponding instance of either the OutUcastPkts object, the OutMulticastPkts object, or the OutBroadcastPkts object, and is not counted by the corresponding instance of the MultipleCollisionFrames object.

MultipleCollFrames

A count of successfully transmitted frames on a particular MLT, for which transmission is inhibited by more than one collision. A frame counted by an instance of this object is also counted by the corresponding instance of either the OutUcastPkts object, the OutMulticastPkts object, or the OutBroadcastPkts object, and is not counted by the corresponding instance of the SingleCollisionFrames object.

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Viewing link aggregation interface utilization statistics

119

Field

Description

LateCollisions

The number of times that a collision is detected on a particular MLT later than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a packet; 512 corresponds to 51.2 microseconds on a 10 Mb/s system. A (late) collision included in a count represented by an instance of this object is also considered as a (generic) collision for purposes of other collision-related statistics.

ExcessiveCollis

A count of frames, for which transmission on a particular MLT fails due to excessive collisions.

Viewing link aggregation interface utilization statistics To view link aggregation interface utilization statistics: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears and displays active link aggregation groups. See "MLT dialog box - MultiLink Trunks tab" (page 110).

2

Click in the row of a link aggregation group to select it. The Graph button is activated.

3

Click the Graph button. The Statistics, MLT dialog box appears. The Interface tab is selected.

4

Click the Interface Utilization tab. The Interface Utilization tab appears. See "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab" (page 119). For field definitions, see Table 25 "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab fields" (page 120). Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab

—End—

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120 Configuring static link aggregation

Table 25 "Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab fields" (page 120) defines the fields on the Interface Utilization tab. Table 25 Statistics, MLT dialog box - Interface Utilization tab fields Field

Description

InOctets

The total number of octets received on the MLT interface, including framing characters.

InUtil

Percentage of MLT interface in use for incoming data during the specified interval.

OutOctets

The number of packets delivered by this MLT to higher level protocols that were not addressed to a multicast or broadcast address at this sublayer.

OutUtil

Percentage of MLT interface in use for outgoing data during the specified interval.

Configuring SMLT This section describes how to configure Split MultiLink Trunking (SMLT) and includes the following topics: •

"Adding an MLT-based SMLT" (page 120)

•

"Viewing MLT-based SMLT information for the switch" (page 121)

•

"Configuring a single port SMLT" (page 122)

•

"Viewing single port SMLTs configured on the switch" (page 123)

•

"Deleting a single port SMLT" (page 124)

•

"Configuring an IST MLT" (page 124)

•

"Removing an IST MLT" (page 125)

•

"Viewing IST statistics" (page 126)

Adding an MLT-based SMLT You can create an SMLT from the Multilink Trunks tab by selecting the MLT type as SMLT and then specifying an SMLT ID. To add an MLT-based SMLT: Step

Action

1

From the Device Manager menu bar, select VLAN > MLT . The MLT dialog box appears with the MultiLink Trunks tab selected. See "Multilink Trunks tab on the MLT dialog box" (page 121).

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Configuring SMLT

121

Multilink Trunks tab on the MLT dialog box

2

From the displayed list of MLTs, select an available MLT to configure as an SMLT.

3

Double-click the PortMembers field in the row containing the MLT. The PortMembers dialog box appears, displaying the available ports.

4

Click the ports to include in the MLT-based SMLT. Fast Ethernet ports can be added to MLT IDs 1–7, while Gigabit ports can be added to MLT IDs 1–31.

5

Click OK to close the PortMembers dialog box. The ports are added to the PortMembers field of the MLT dialog box. For the 8300 switch, a maximum of eight ports can belong to a single MLT.

6

Double-click the MltType field, and select splitSMLT from the list.

7

Type an unused SMLT ID (1–31) in the SmltId field. The corresponding SMLTs between aggregation switches must have matching SMLT IDs. The same ID number must be used on both sides.

8

Click Apply. —End—

Viewing MLT-based SMLT information for the switch To view information for SMLTs configured on the switch: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > SMLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The SMLT dialog box appears with the Single Port SMLT tab selected.

2

Select the SMLT Info tab.

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122 Configuring static link aggregation

The SMLT Info tab appears and displays information for all SMLTs configured on the switch. See "SMLT Info tab on the SMLT dialog box" (page 122). SMLT Info tab on the SMLT dialog box

—End—

SMLT Info tab fields describes the fields on the SMLT Info tab of the SMLT dialog box.

Configuring a single port SMLT Ports that are already configured as MLT or MLT-based SMLT cannot be configured as a single port SMLT. You must first remove the split trunk, and then reconfigure the ports as single port SMLT. To configure a single port SMLT: Step

Action

1

Select the port from the Device Manager main window.

2

Select Edit > Port from the menu bar. The Port dialog box appears with the Interface tab selected.

3

Select the SMLT tab. See "SMLT tab on the Port dialog box" (page 122). If the MltId field is not zero, the port is already configured as an MLT or MLT-based SMLT. If so, you cannot configure a single port SMLT on the port. SMLT tab on the Port dialog box

4

Click Insert.

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Configuring SMLT

123

The Insert SMLT dialog box appears. See "Insert SMLT dialog box" (page 123). Insert SMLT dialog box

5

Enter an unused SMLT ID number (from 1–512) in the SmltId field.

6

Click Insert. The Insert SMLT dialog box closes, and the ID is entered in the SmltId field of the SMLT tab. —End—

Port SMLT tab fields describes the fields on the SMLT tab of the Port dialog box. An empty table field indicates the port is not part of an MLT, and it is not configured for single port SMLT.

Viewing single port SMLTs configured on the switch To view the single port SMLTs configured on the switch: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > SMLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The SMLT dialog box appears with the Single Port SMLT tab selected, which displays all single port SMLTs configured on the switch. See "Single Port SMLT tab on the SMLT dialog box" (page 123). Single Port SMLT tab on the SMLT dialog box

—End—

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124 Configuring static link aggregation

Single Port SMLT tab fields describes the fields on the Single Port SMLT tab.

Deleting a single port SMLT To delete a single port SMLT: Step

Action

1

Select the port from the Device Manager main window.

2

Select Edit > Port from the menu bar. The Port dialog box appears with the Interface tab selected.

3

Select the SMLT tab. The SMLT tab displays the single port SMLT ID.

4

Select the single port SMLT by selecting any field in the row.

5

Click Delete.

6

Click Close. The single port SMLT configured for the port is deleted. —End—

Configuring an IST MLT To configure an IST MLT, perform the following procedure (this procedure assumes you already configured at least one MLT): Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears with the MultiLink Trunks tab selected.

2

Double-click the PortMembers field in the row containing the desired MLT. PortMembers dialog box appears.

3

Select the ports to include in the MLT.

4

Click OK to close the PortMembers dialog box. The selected port members are added to the PortMembers field of the MLT dialog box.

5

Double-click the MltType field.

6

Select istMLT from the list.

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Configuring SMLT

7

Click Apply.

8

Select any field in the row. The IstMlt... button is activated.

9

Click the IstMlt... button.

125

The IST MLT dialog box appears. See "IST MLT dialog box" (page 125). IST MLT dialog box

10

Enter a peer IP address in that field.

11

Enter a VLAN ID in that field

12

Select the enable option button in the SessionEnable: area.

13

Click Apply. The IST MLT dialog box closes and the changes are applied. The IST MLT is now configured. —End—

IST MLT fields describes the fields for the IST MLT dialog box.

Removing an IST MLT To remove an existing IST MLT from the switch: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears with the MultiLink Trunks tab selected.

2

Select the IST MLT you want to remove by clicking in any field.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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126 Configuring static link aggregation

3

Click the IstMlt... button. The IST MLT dialog box appears.

4

Select the disable option button to disable the IST MLT.

5

Click Apply.

6

Confirm disabling the IST MLT at the prompt.

7

Double-click the MltType field.

8

Select normalMLT from the list.

9

Click Apply. —End—

Viewing IST statistics To view IST statistics on an interface: Step

Action

1

Select VLAN > MLT from the Device Manager menu bar. The MLT dialog box appears with the MultiLink Trunks tab selected.

2

Click the Ist/SMLT Stats tab. The IST protocol packet statistics are displayed. See "Ist/SMLT Stats tab on the MLT dialog box" (page 127).

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Configuring SMLT Ist/SMLT Stats tab on the MLT dialog box

—End—

Ist/SMLT Stats tab fields describes the fields for the Ist/SMLT tab of the MLT dialog box.

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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127

128

Index A ActiveMembers field 59 Adding a link aggregation group 110 Adding an MLT-based SMLT 120 Adding ports to a link aggregation group 113 Adding ports to an STG 96 AgingTime field 77 algorithm, link aggregation traffic distribution 30 AlignmentErrors field 117 auto-recovery delay time 87

B baby giant frames 23 BridgeAddress field 97 BridgeForwardDelay field 95 BridgeHelloTime field 95 BridgeMaxAge field 94 bridging MAC-layer 83 viewing filters 83

C CarrierSenseErrors field 118 change detection about 29 configure 102 rules 29 Clearing learned MAC addresses 80 Color field 59 configuration advanced VLAN features 69 protocol-based VLAN 63

spanning tree group 92 Configuring a single port SMLT 122 Configuring aging, VLAN forwarding database 76 Configuring an IST MLT 124 Configuring auto recovery delay time 87 configuring port auto-recovery 87 Configuring SLPP globally 103 Configuring static forwarding 80 Configuring the SLPP by port 106 Configuring the SLPP by VLAN 104 customer support 14

D DeferredTransmissions field 118 Deleting a single port SMLT 124 Deleting an STG 102 DesignatedBridge field 101 DesignatedCost field 101 DesignatedPort field 101, 113 DesignatedRoot field 98, 101 disabling port auto recovery 87 disabling port auto recovery for a single port 88 disabling port auto recovery for multiple ports 89 Displaying defined VLANs 58

E EnableStp field 95, 100 enabling port auto recovery for a single port 88

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Index 129

enabling port auto recovery for multiple ports 89 enabling port auto-recovery 87 Enabling STP on a port 101 ExcessiveCollisions field 119

F

MacAddress field 70, 78, 82, 84 MACAddress, auto-learned 75 MaxAge field 98 MLT, See static link aggregation 29, 109 MultipleCollisionFrames field 118

N

FastStart field 100 FCSErrors field 117 ForwardDelay field 98 forwarding database, flushing 79 forwarding database, viewing 77 ForwardTransitions field 101 frame protocol-based VLAN 24 FrameTooLongs field 118

H HelloTime field 98 HoldTime field 98

I Id field, static link aggregation group 112 IEEE 802.1D 26 802.1Q 23, 31 IfIndex field 70, 113 InBroadcastPkt field 116 InMulticastPkts field 115 InOctets field 115 InternalMacReceiveErrors field 118 InternalMacTransmitErrors field 117 InUcastPkts field 115

L LateCollisions field 119

M MAC address auto-learning 73 MAC filtering Device Manager commands Address 86 ForwardingPorts 87 MltIds 87 MAC filters 83 MAC-layer bridging 83

Name field 59, 70, 113 nontagged ports 23 NotAllowToJoin field 59 NtStgEnable field 113 NumPorts field 97

O OutBroadcast field 116 OutMulticast field 116 OutOctets field 115 OutUcastPkts field 115

P PathCost field 101 PID DSAP value 21 Ethernet SNAP 21 Ethernet type 2 21 invalid for user-defined protocol VLAN 21 VLAN configuration fields 60 policy-based VLAN creating protocol-based 63 policy-based VLAN, about 19 port auto recovery 54 Port field 82, 84, 99 Port Members field 95 port-based VLAN about 18 create 61 PortMembers field 59, 113 PortType field 112 Priority field 94, 100 product support 14 Protocol Identifier. See PID 21 protocol-based VLAN about 20 create 63 ProtocolId field 60 ProtocolSpecification field 97

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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130 Index

Q QosLevel field 60, 71, 79, 82, 85

R Removing an IST MLT 125 Result field 70 RootCost field 98 RootPort field 98

S SingleCollisionFrames field 118 SMLT 34 advantages 36 basic functionality 38 comparison to STP 36 configuration 120 CP-Limit 41 Interswitch Trunk (IST) 40 network design considerations 50 overview 34 single port 44 topologies 45 traffic flow examples 39 working with VRRP backup master routers 51 spanning tree groups changing 95 creating 92 deleting 95, 95 editing 95 limitations 28 viewing status 96 with VLANs 28 Spanning Tree Protocol 26 Split Multilink Trunking 34 SQETestErrors field 118 State field 100 static link aggregation BPDUs 34 client/server configuration 33 IEEE 802.1Q tagging 31 IP addresses 31 MAC addresses 31 media type 30 port aggregation 29, 109

rules 30 span modules 31 supported media 30 switch-to-server configuration 32 switch-to-switch configuration 31 traffic distribution algorithm 30 StaticMembers field 59 statistics static link aggregation 114, 119 STG 97 Status field 78, 82 StgId field 59, 99 STGs. See spanning tree groups 96 STP 26 blocking state 27 bridge forward delay timer 28, 95 bridge hello timer 28, 95 bridge priority 94 bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) 27 disabling 27 enable/disable 95 enabling 27 enabling SNMP traps 95 IEEE 802.1D standard 26 multiple spanning tree groups 26 overview 26 port group membership 95 spanning tree algorithm 26 Spanning Tree FastStart 28 spanning tree groups 26 tagged BPDUs 27 topology change detection about 29 configure 102 rules 29 StpTrapEnable field 95 SubnetAddr field 60 SubnetMask field 60 support, Nortel 14

T tagged frame 23 tagged or untagged frames 71 tagged port 23 TaggedBpduAddress field 95 TaggedBpduVlanID field 95

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Index 131

technical support 14 TimeSinceTopologyChange field 97 TopChanges field 97 topology change detection about 29 configure 102 rules 29 traffic distribution algorithm, link aggregation 30 Type field 59

U untagged frames 23 user-defined protocol-based VLAN about 21 user-defined protocol-based VLANs 66 UserDefinedPidList field 70

V Viewing IST statistics 126 Viewing link aggregation Ethernet error statistics 116 Viewing MLT-based SMLT information for the switch 121 Viewing single port SMLTs configured on the switch 123 Viewing STG ports 98 VLAN configuring advanced VLAN features 69

coordinated across multiple switches 22 default 24 displaying 58 enabling tagging 25 ID field 59, 70, 78 ID, in source frame tag 22 in spanning tree groups 28 IPX protocol 20 managing 68 multiplex traffic 23 overview 17 policy-based, about 19 port-based, about 18 protocol-based 63 protocol-based, about 20 rules 25 spanning multiple switches 17 tagged port 25 tagging, about 22 unassigned 24 untagged port 25 user-defined about 21 invalid PIDs for 21 VLAN Operation Action field 70 VLAN port membership 68 VlanIds field 113

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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132 Index

Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300 Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager NN46200-510 03.01 Standard 4.0 27 August 2007 Copyright © 2005-2007, Nortel Networks .

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Nortel Ethernet Routing Switch 8300

Configuration — VLANs, Spanning Tree, and Static Link Aggregation using Device Manager Copyright © 2005–2007, Nortel Networks All Rights Reserved. Publication: NN46200-510 Document status: Standard Document version: 03.01 Document date: 27 August 2007 Sourced in Canada and the United States of America. To provide feedback or report a problem in this document, go to www.nortel.com/documentfeedback. Nortel, the Nortel logo, and the Globemark are trademarks of Nortel Networks. IEEE is a trademark of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

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