Nhrc Moot 2016 Respondent Memo

4th NHRC – LC-I NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2016

TEAM CODE:

TC: 24

ON SUBMISSION BEFORE THE HON’BLE SUPREME COURT OF INCA

UNDER  A  ARTICLE 32 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INCA

 IN THE MATTERS OF:

MARIA

AND

OTHERS

……………………………………………………………..P ETITIONER 

V.

UNION

OF

INCA

AND

…………………………………………………..R ESPONDENT

WRIT PETITION NO. ___/2016

WRITTEN SUBMISSION ON BEHALF OF THE R ESPONDENTS ESPONDENTS

OTHERS

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4th NHRC – LC-I NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF ABBREVIAT ABBREVIATIONS................. IONS........................................ .............................................. ......................................................... .................................. ! INDE" OF AUTHORITIES............................ AUTHORITIES................................................... .................................................................. ................................................! .....! STATEM STATEMENT ENT OF #URISDICTION........................ #URISDICTION............................................... .............................................. ......................................! ...............! STATEM STATEMENT ENT OF FACTS.................. FACTS......................................... .............................................. .............................................. ....................................! .............! STATEM STATEMENT ENT OF ISSUES................................. ISSUES........................................................ .............................................. ......................................... .......................$ .....$ SUMMAR% OF PLEADIN&S.............................. PLEADIN&S..................................................... .............................................. ..........................................$ ...................$ WRITTEN PLEADIN&S.............................. PLEADIN&S..................................................... .............................................. ................................................... ............................ 1 1 THAT THE WRIT PETITION FILED B% THE PETITIONER IS NOT MAINTAINABLE UNDER ARTICLE 32 OF INCAN CONSTITUTION AND THE ACT IS NOT IN VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 1' OF INCAN CONSTITUTION.............1 1.1

THAT

THE

SUPREME

COURT’S

POWER

TO

ISSUE

WRIT

IS

DISCRETIONER% AND THIS CASE DOES NOT WARRANT THE E"ERCISE OF DISCRETIONER% DISCRETIONER% POWER................................. POWER........................................................ ............................................................. ...................................... 1 1.2 THAT THERE IS AN EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVE ALTERNATIVE AVAILABLE................ AILABLE........ ............ ........ ....1 1 1.3 THAT HAT THERE ERE IS NO LOCUS OCUS ST STA ANDI FOR THE PETIT TITIONE IONER R TO APPROACH THE COURT........................ COURT............................................... ..................................................................... .................................................2 ...2 1.' THAT HAT THE  LAW   LAW  PASSE SSED D B% THE &OVERN &OVERNME MENT NT IS A LAW UNDER  UNDER  ARTICLE 13....................................... 13.............................................................. .............................................. .............................................. ....................................2 .............2 2

THAT

THE

LAW

(COM (COMM MERCI ERCIAL AL

SURRO URRO& &AC%

FOR FOR

FOREI REI&NE &NERS

)MISC )MISCELL ELLANE ANEOUS OUS** ACT+ ACT+ 201,’D 201,’DOES OES NOT VIOLA VIOLAT TE THE FUNDAM FUNDAMENT ENTAL AL RI&HTS ENSHRINED UNDER PART PART III OF THE INCAN CONSTITUTION........... CONSTITUTION...... .......2 ..2 2.1 LAW LAW SHO SHOULD ULD NOT BE ARBI ARBITRA TRAR% R%++ ARTI ARTIFIC FICIAL IAL OR EVA EVASIVE. SIVE. IT SHOULD

BE

BASED

ON

INTELLI&IBLE

DIFFERENTIA

WHICH

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4th NHRC – LC-I NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2016 i). PIOs and citizens can be grouped together ..................................................................3 ..................................................................3 ii). Commercial Surrogacy means Commercial purpose.................................................' purpose.................................................' 2.2 2.2 TH THE E DIFF DIFFER EREN ENTI TIA A MUST MUST HAV HAVE A RAT RATIONA IONAL L RELA RELAT TION ION TO TH THE E OB#ECT SOU&HT TO BE ACHIEVED B% THE STATUTE STATUTE IN -UESTION............ -UESTION....... .....' ' i). That single mother and unmarried omen can constitute a di!!erent group.............' group.............' 3 THAT THE NEW ACT IS NOT A&AINST THE CONSTITUTION OF INCA AS IT IMPOSES REASONABLE RESTRICTIONS ON THE RI&HTS OF DOCTORS AND CLINICS.............................. CLINICS..................................................... .............................................. .............................................. ....................................................... ................................  3.1 3.1

REAS REASON ONAB ABLE LE

REST RESTRI RICT CTIO IONS NS OW OWIN IN& &

TO

THE TH E

INTE INTERE REST STS S

OF

&ENERAL PUBLIC.................................. PUBLIC......................................................... .............................................. ................................................... ............................  "a) Interest o! the general public on grounds o! public health........................................ health. ....................................... "b) Issue o! e#ploitation o! omen being against the interest o! general public............ public. ........... c) They act as middlemen and depri$e the omen to get a better price !or their or%. ............................................. .................................................................... .............................................. .............................................. ...............................................10 ........................10 "d) &nen!orceability o! contracts as they are against public policy..............................10 policy..............................10 3.2 CONFLICT OF LAW LAWS BETWEEN COUNTRIES................................................ COUNTRIES................................................ ..11 '. TH THA AT TH THE E ACT DOE DOES NOT NOT VIOLA IOLAT TE RI&H RI&HT T TO LIVE LIVELI LIHO HOOD OD OF A SURRO&ATE &UARANTEED UNDER ARTICLE 21 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INCA..................................... INCA............................................................ .............................................. .............................................. .............................................. ..............................12 .......12 ,. THAT THERE THERE SHOULD BE A COMPLETE BAN ON SURRO&AC%..................... SURRO&AC%........ ............. 1' ,.1 THAT SURRO&AC% AMOUNTS TO COMMODIFICATION OF BABIES AND HENCE VIOLATIVE VIOLATIVE OF ARTICLE ARTICLE 21 AND 23 OF THE CONSTITUTION.... CONSTITUTION....... ...... ....1' .1' ,.2 TREAT TREATMENT MENT OF SURRO&A SURRO&AT TES AS FORCED FORCED LABOUR LABOUR VIOLAT VIOLATIVE IVE OF ARTICLE 23....................................... 23.............................................................. .............................................. .............................................. ..................................16 ...........16 ,.3 I&NORANCE OF THE INTEREST OF THE CHILD............................................1 ,.' A CRUCIAL DIFFERENCE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ADOPTION ADOPTION AND SURRO&AC%...... SURRO&AC%... ....1 .1 ,.,. VIOLATION VIOLATION OF ARTICLE ARTICLE 1+ 21 AND 23 OF INDIAN COSTITUTON... COSTITUTON...

.1

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4th NHRC – LC-I NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2016

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

&

And

§

Set!"n

 #

P$%$%$'h

A(I(R(

A)) Ind!$ Re'"%te%  

A(P(

Andh%$ P%$de*h

ART

A**!*ted Re'%"d+t!e Tehn")"

A%t(

A%t!)e

C$)(

C$)!."%n!$

C"%'n(

C"%'"%$t!"n

ed(

Ed!t!"n

/+(

/+$%$t

In Re

In Re.e%ene

O%*(

Othe%*

PIO*

Pe"')e ". In$n O%!!n

P+n

P+n$

S(C(C(

S+'%ee C"+%t C$*e*

S(C(R(

S+'%ee C"+%t Re'"%te%  

SC

S+'%ee C"+%t

U(S

Un!ted St$te*

(

3e%*+*

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4th NHRC – LC-I NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2016

INDE" OF AUTHORITIES CASES

 Baby M , Re, 5  Re, 5 A(2d 122, 107 N(8( 576 9N(8( 17;(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 17;(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( ((((((((((((((  Baby Manjhi Yam Yamada ada v. Union of India, India , 9200; 15 S(C(C( 1(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((5 1(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((5  Balwant v. State, State, A(I(R( 1771 8( & OMENS OMENS L(8( 2791775;((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 2791775;((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((((((( 16 E)! E)!$ $eth eth Se$) Se$)ee C$te C$te." ."%!* %!*,, Surro Surro$at $atee Mother Motherho hood@ od@ (n (r$u (r$umen mentfo tforr Re$ula Re$ulatio tion n and a  Blue"rint for Le$i!lation in -an!a!, -an!a! , 4 (T(R(- 101, 10 9177;( ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1 (((((((((((((((((((((((((((1 /en$ C"%e$, he Mother Ma+hine@ Re"rodu+tive e+hnolo$ie! e+hnolo$ie! from (rtifi+ial In!emination to  (rtifi+ial omb omb 22 917;((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( 917;(((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((1 (((((((((((((((1 8$n!e 8$n!e C( C!$ C!$%e) %e))! )! & L!nd L!nd$$ 8( @e? @e?$n $n , 'avi$atin$ Rou$h ater!@ ater!@ (n verview of   0!y+holo$i+al (!"e+t! of Surro$a+y Surro$a+y,, 61 8( S(O(C( ISSUES 22, 25 9200;((((((((((((((((((((((((((14