New Opportunities Upper Intermediate Student

Russian Edition

TONTENTS

in btue Er**n': skilts ar:dtask in the lessonsare higi'tliEhted Grammarfocus

(p.5) Warm-up (matching) Listening: PersonaLity Vocabulary:

1 Autobiography1p.ot1

2 WhoAreYou?1p.s-r;

3 Nationalldentity (p.10'11)

ReadingStrategies:Revision Vocabulary:WordbuiLding

Revisioo n f a l l t e n s e s( g a pf i t l i n q , n iq ) r u l t i r l e - c h o i c en, t a l : c h

ListeningStrategies:Revision Listening: (T/F,qap fittine) Vocabutary:lvlulti-partVerbs Function: Preferences

(p.14) LanguageAwareness1 Determiners

W a r m - u p( p . i 5 ) L i s t e n i n g(: m a t c h i n g ) Vocabu[ary:Laughter

5 A ComicNovel1p.lo'lz;

6 CrazyBut True(p.t8-1e)

7 What's So Funny? (p.20-21)

Fi*ai!i ng Strat*gier;: nt-i quesilcrs A.lsLoicring Vocabulary:CoLLocations

Pasttenses,PastPerfectContinuous ( m a t c h i n gg, a p f i l l i n q )

Verbs Multi-part Vocabutary: nl-c Ansrlering Strategies: Listening quesrioirs (n-c queslions) Listening: jokes TelLing Function:

Tenses(p.25) andSimple LanguageAwareness2 Continuous (p'28) 1 and2 (p.26-27)€ulture Corner1 TheHistoryof EngLish ReviewModuLes

Warm-up(p.29) L i s t e n i n g :( m a t c h i n g ) Reading: Vocabutary:0pi nion adjectives

(p.39) Warm-up categorising) Listening:(matching, Descri bing beautY Vocabulary:

9 Street Art 1p.so-st1

10 BodyLanguage(p.32-33)

11 Branded (p.ja-35)

i':,iai ; ;t,j 5xlia{.49i*5:

Retativeand particip[eclauses

L i s t e n i n g :( m a t c h i n gg, a pf i L l i n gT, / F ) Vocabulary:MuLti-partVerbs ! - i ; t e n i * 5: i # i : * t i r : E : 4 n t " s : . l n gT , / F quesrions F u n c t i o n :i l t s c i i b i n gp e c l l e

i I Il :''t.ti-:_l

I ;+..c: :tq,: a rrC p; i: g r.tp lt:

Vocabutary: moke, get, hove i)r'.)

13 Poetry@. i nteresting interesting ly) f -ised (computer > computerised) -i ve/-i vef.y(expense > expensive expensively), -itive/-itive ty f (sense> sensitive f sensitively) -Less/-tessty(harm> harmlessharn lessly) f -ous/-ou sty (gLamour > gLamorousfgLamoro usly), -io us/iousty (industry> i ndustriousfi ndusctriously) -th/-ieth (sixty> sirth sixtieth), / - utar/- u[arty (spectacLe> spectacuIar spectactular ly) f

Formingadjectivesand adverbsfrom verbs

-a bte/-a b Ly (fashion > -i fas hionab le/fos hi onob ly); bte/-i b ty (fLex > fLexib le/fLexi b ly) -ed (worry > worried) -ingl-ingty (annoy > annoying/ annoyingly) -i ve/-ivety (attract > attracti ve attra cti vely) f

Formingverbs from adjectives -ate (active > activote) -en (sweet> sweeten) -ity (simple > sinplify) -i sef -ize (LegaL > IegaLise/ Lega Lize)

Unu s u asI u f f i x e s Iong (adj.) > Length(noun) > Iengthy (adj.) t lengthen (verb) belief (noun) beLieve(verb) > believable(adj.)

Suffixes with meanings -abLe (measure> meosuroble) -dom (star > stardom) -hold (house> household) -hood (mother > motherhood) -ish/-ishly (chiId > chiLdish chiLdishly) / -tess/-lessty (end > endless/en dlessly) -tike (lfe > Lifelike) -ship (friend > fiendship) Remember:You can add a suffix as we[[ as a prefix: disagreement; i IIegaLIy; u nacceptable. Somewords use different prefixesfor different parts of speech: beLieve(verb) > disbeLief(noun) > unbeLievobLe (adj.) t unbelievable(adv.)

3 Confusingwords chitdish immature: That was a childish thing to say. chitdtike Likea chiLd:He has an attractive, childlike innocence. different not the same: Ihese shifts are different sizes. indifferent 1 not caring about something: He'sindifferent to my problems.2 not noticingsomething:Therewasa Loudparty next door, but I was indifferent to the noise. dissatisfied not happy wjth the quatity of something:f was dissatisfied with my exam resuLt. unsatisfied not happywith the quantity of something:He ate a big meaLbut was still unsatisfied. hetpfut wil.l.ingto hetp or be usefu[: That'sa helpful suggestion. helpless unable to do things for yoursetf: He is totally helpless in difficult situations. hopeful feeting optimistic: f'm hopeful we canfind a solution. hopetess t having no signs of hope: Thisis a hopelesssituation. 2 very bad at something:She'shopelessat pLayingchess. sensetessittogical.,or wjth no reasonor purpose:It's senseless to try and changethings now. sensible reasonabte and practicat:She'sa verysensiblegirLand you con rely on her. sensitive being easity hurt or offended: He's verysensitive to criticismabout his work.

Lexictn 4 Compounds C o m p o u n dasr e t w o o r m o r ew o r d st o g e t h e rt h a t a c t a s a s i n g l e word. Theyusua[[yrepresentan action or descriptjonin a short form ('a gameplayedusing a computer'becomesa compurcr game; someonewjth fajr hair js descrjbedasfoir_haired). Compounds can be written as one word (hairstyLe), two words ioined by a hyphen(oLd-fashioned) or two separatewords(rain forest). Thereare no rules for this.

Compound adjectives Wecan form compoundadjectivesby combining: 1 an adjectiveor nounwith a word endingin -ing or -ed: good_ looking,oLd-fashioned 2 a past participteor adverbwith a preposition:/ed-up,grown-up3 a noun with an adjective:due_free absent-mindedforgetfu. airtight not atlowingair to passin or out antisociaI showingno concernfor other peopl.e b r a n d - n e wn e w a n d u n u s e o class-conscious awareof the sociaIctassthat peoplecomefrom family-orientated betievingthe fumityis very important fair-sized fairl.y big far-reachinghavinga great influence firsthand learnt directtyand not from other people fu[[-time workingthe usuaIhoursin a iob,-r IART-TrME g o o d - t o o k i n gh a n d s o m o er pretty grown-up [ike an adutt behaves ground-breakingmakingimportant discoverjesor usinq comptetelynew methods high-poweredvery powerful homesick missinghomevery much taw-abidingwho neverdoesanythingil"l"egaL life-size of the samesize as a reaI personor thing long-standingexistingfor a [ong time long-term for a long periodinto the future [ong-term (effects) mass-producedmadein [argequantitiesin a factory m o u l d b r e a k i n g= g r o u n d - b r e a k i n g old-fashionedno longerfrshionabl"e or poputar one-year-otdbeing one year old o p e n - a i ro u t d o o r part-time workingon[y part of the usuaIhours--+ FULL-TIME performance-en hancing that i mprovesp hysicaL performa nce ready-madecookedand readyfor eating real-time describesa virtuaI reality gamethat takesas rong as t h e r e a Ig a m e record-breakingbetter than the existinqrecord r u n - d o w ni n b a d c o n d i t i o n second-handnot new and alreadvused short-lived Lastingonl.ya short time t i m e - c o n s u m i n gu s i n gu p a l o t o f t i m e uttra-smartvery clever user-friendly easyto use and understand wett-behavedbehavingin an acceptabteand potite way we[[-knownfamous we[-off rich world-classamongthe best in the world world-famousfamousin a[[ parts of the wortd worn-out very tired or in a poor condition

C o m p o u nndo u n s In compoundnouns,the first part usualtydescribesthe type of t h e s e c o n dp a r t . W e c a n f o r m c o m p o u n dn o u n sb y c o m b i n i n g : 1 two nouns:sungLasses 2 an adjectiveand a noun:popstar 3 a verb and a prepositionor adverb:breakthrouqh 4 a noun and a word ending with -ing: woter-skiing blood pressurethe forcewith which your btood movesthrouqh yourbody bod-y-piercing the act of puttingjewel.teryinto the skin in a part of your body carbonemissions gasesproducedas a waste productof burning fuetssuchas coaI or oiI

civiI war a war betweentwo groupsin the samecountrv common sense good senseand judgement consumersociety a modernsocietyin which advertisinq e n c o u r a g epse o p t et o b u y t h i n g s designer tabeLa [abeton ctothesshowinga fashionable manufucturer eyesoresometh'ingugty (often a buitding) fossiI fueI coaI or oil gang warfarefighting betweengroupsof peop[e gene therapy medjcaItreatmentusing genesfrom ce[[s genetic code the arrangementof genesthat makesa Living thing Likeits parents genetic engineeringthe deliberatechangingof the form of a tiving thing usingits genes h u m a n b e i n g a m a n ,w o m a no r c h i t d hydro-etectricpower etectricityproducedby movingwater ice skating movingon ice for fun or sport using special" boots im-munesystemthe systemin your bl.oodthat fights diseases information techno[ogytechnologyusing computers jigsaw puzztea picturecut into piecesthat you try to fit together job security the condjtionof feeLingsafe in a joL junk food bad quatityready-made food laptop a sma[[,portabl.ecomputer legal action the use of the [aw to punishsomeonefor doinq somethingil.tegal. tifetime the usuatperiod of time of someone'slife long-term that last jnto the future livin.g-rooma ptacein a housefor retax.ing, watchingTV,etc. m a c h i n eg u n a g u n t h a t s h o o t sm a n yb u t t e t s neuroscientista scientistwho is an expertin the body.snervous sysrem nighttife entertainmentat night no-man'sland the area betweentwo opposingarmjesthat neitherside controts organ donor someonewho givesa body organ for medicaIuse. especia[[yafter they have djed packagetour a holidaywith everythingorganisedfor you passivesmoking breathingin smokefrom other people,s cigarettes rain forest a hot and wet forestin a tropicaIregion road rage violent behaviourby driverstowardsother drivers room servicethe servjcein a hotel of providingfood and drinks in yourroom science-fictiondescribesstoriesabout future scientificand technicaIdevetopments and their effectson life setf-defencethe skjl.Lof defend.ing yoursetfwhen attacked sightseeingvisiting ptacesof interestas a tourist stow motion movementon televisionthat is muchstowerthan in real life so-catledhavingthe descriptionor namethat you think is wrong software computerprograms sotar power etectricityproducedby heat and Lightfrom the sun solar systemthe sun with the ptanets.etc. that moveroundjt stepping stone an act or eventthat hetpsyou achieve somethingetse tetephone directory a book that contajnsthe tetephone numbersof atl"the peoplein a particutararea test tube a thin gtassbottle usedin scjentjficexperiments trading centre a ptacethat imports and exportsgoods w a k e - u pc a l l a p h o n ec a [ [i n a h o t e Lt o w a k ey o u u p washbaga smat[bag for soap,toothpaste,etc. when you travel w o r k i n g w e e k t h e h o u r sy o u w o r ki n a w e e k zero-gravitythe state or situationof having no gravity

Com pound ver bs W e c a n f o r m c o m p o u n dv e r b sb y c o m b i n i n g : 1 a prepositionor adverband a verb: overtake2 a noun and a verb: mass-produce 3 an adjective and a verb: double-check bypassto avoid something:Can we bypass this part of the tour? doubte-checkto examinesomethingagain to makesureit is correct: I double-checked that I had turned the gas off. mass-produceto make[argequantitiesof producti in a factorv

Comp o u n duss i n gp re p o si ti o nosr a d ve rbs

verb + noun or odjective

odjectives foltow-up somethingthat followssomethinge[se:Ihe group's Jollow-up album to their first hit was not a success. in-depth very detailed: an in-depth report. taid-back very relaxed:He nevergets excited- he's laid-back. oncoming coming towards you:.oncoming traffic. outgoing 1 friendl.yand easyto get on wjth. 2 [eavinga job: Theoutgoing monagergave a pressconference. out-of-date not popularor va[d any more outspoken giving your opinionsfree[y overtoadedhavingtoo muchto carry rundown 1 tired or ilt: I feeL pretty rundown. 2 jn bad condjtion: It's o very rundown area. u n d e r p a i dn o t p a i d e n o u g h are understaffedwjth not enoughworkers:ManyhospitaLs understaffed at the moment. underweighttoo thin or Light u p - t o - d a t em o d e r no r p o p u [ a r

nouns after-shave: I Lovethe smell of his after-shove (lotion). breakthroughan important discovery:Thediscovery of penicilLin was a major breokthrough in medicine. bypass1 a road round a town. 2 an operationto send btood rounda part of your heart with a probtem:a heart bypass. downfa[t somethingyou do that makesyou lose success: Ganbling Ledto his downfall. fottow-up somethingyou do to makesure an eartieraction is successfu[:Thislessonis a follow-up to Lastweek's. getaway an escape:Thethievesmade o quick getoway. outbreak a suddenappearanceof something(usua[[ybad): There was o serious outbreak of fLu. outcome the result: What wos the outcome of the election? outtook a developingsituation:The outlook for tomorrow's weatheris fine. rundown a summaryof events:Giveme a rundown of what happened. setback somethingthat preventsprogressor makessomething worse:Peocenegotiationshavesuffereda setback. upkeep the cost of keepingsomethingin order: Wecan't afford the upkeep of such a big house.

verbs off-load to take things out of a car, Lorry.train. etc. outgrow to grow biggerthan the size or spaceprovided:He has alreadyoutgrown his shoes. overhearto hear what other peopteare sayingto each other oversleepto sleep [ongerthan you wantedto u n d e r c o o kt o n o t c o o ks o m e t h i n gf o r e n o u g ht i m e underestimateto think that a quantity,skil.L.etc. is lessthan it realty is: I underestimated her obility. update to providethe latest information:After the attack,there were radio broadcastsupdating the news every haLf hour. upgrade1 to makesomething.e.g. a computer,morepowerfu[. 2 t o g i v e s o m e o n ea m o r ei m p o r t a n t j o b

M u l t i - w o r dc o mp o u n d n o u n sa n d a d j e ctives W e c a n m a k ec o m p o u n dn o u n sa n d a d j e c t i v e sw i t h m o r et h a n two words.Thereare atwayshyphensbetweenthe words. an eighteen-year-oldboy a heart-to-heort taLk my mother-in-law

Collocotion bonk

a one-in-a-thousand chance an out-of-work actor an up-to-date dictionary

break the record to do somethingbetter than the best achievementso far catch a cold to get a cotd close the gap to do somethingthat bringstwo extremescloser together, e.g closing the gap between ich and poor. contract an illness/diseaseto get an itlness/disease f e e l u p s e to r a n g r y d r i v e s o m e o n em a d t o m a k es o m e o n e expressyour concern/worryf horrorfshock/a n opi nion about s o m e t h i n gt o s a y w h a t y o u f e e I o r t h i n k expressyour thank (to someone) (for something) to say thank you feet part of something to feel you are a memberof a group give someone/somethinga bad name to harm the reputationof s o m e o n eo r s o m e t h i n g give someonea hard time to makeit difficul.tfor someone give someonepermission (to do something) to say someone cando something give someone a warning (about something) to warm someone go mad 1 to get very angry.2 to becomejnsane last a lifetime to last a very long time miss home to feel unhappybecauseyou are not at home pack your bags to packyour things beforeyou traveI pLaya joke on someoneto play a trick on someone ptay a rote to take part in a ptay,project,etc. put on weight to gain weight and becomefatter reach an agreement (with) to agreeon somethingafter a n discussio receiveacclaim for something to receivecomplimentsand admiration spend money,itime(on something) to spend moneyon/give time to something take it easy to stop do'ingso muchwork turn cold (weather)/nasty (personor anima[)/ pate (person) turn red to showyou feeI embarrassed

adjective + noun anti-sociaI behaviour bad behaviour devetopedcountry a countrywith an advancedeconomy developingcountry a countrywithout an advancedeconomy, 'Third often catleda Wortd'country dry climate/clothes/tand without rain/water d r y s e n s eo f h u m o u r h u m o u rw h e ns o m e o n ep r e t e n d tso b e seriouswhen they are not fatal diseasea diseasethat often causesdeath fresh air cteanand oleasantair heavy fighting/rain a lot of fighting/rain latest fashion/styl.ethe most popularfashion/stylenow petty argument a mjnor argument renewableenergy naturaIenergyfrom suchsourcesas the wind or the sun: Solarpower is s sourceof renewobleenergy. severepunishment very hard and strict punishment sociaI benefit somethingthat wiLl.hetp society social mobitity movementbetweenlevelsof societ5 urban decay the declinein Livingcondjtionsin big cities vast majority nearlyat[ of a [argegroup vio[ent crime a crimethat hurts or kittssomeone working conditions the conditjonsfor workersin a factory,etc.

verb + sdverb fa[[ down heavity to fat[ and hurt yourse[fbadty rain/spend heavily to rain/spenda lot sleep heavily to steepdeeptyand be hard to wake up take someonelsomethingseriouslyto vatuesomeoneor something: Graffiti is often not taken seriously in the art world. For expressions with do, get, have,moke --+ PAGE L62 For prepositionsin phrases-r pecE166

/-exicnn Adjectives for describing appearance This tabte tetls you which adjectivesyou can use (/) with a variety of nouns.The choiceoi a word depencson the context.

Example: You CAN say 'I sa.wa breathtaking view, , but you CAN.Tsay 'I saw a breathtaking man,. For adjectivesdescribingmusic + Mooulr 4, IAGE 1,52.

"o.t

*"*""f*tooo attractive

c ,.'" *"-t-"""":",$::"

b e a u t i f uI breathtaki ng cheap chic classy comfortabte contemporary

cosy dated dramatic effortless e[egant e n o r m o us exotic fashionable good-[ooking gorgeous gracefuI handsome

/(men)

i m pressive m a g n i f i c en t messy old-fashio ned

picturesque powerful

pretty relaxed scenlc smart sophisticated spacious spectacula r stri ki ng stun ni ng styli s h tacky

tasteless tre ndy unsightty unspoi[t

/(women

c

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r$

;Sq

s

-

z.'

"nSuf

l

o . . . ..:€* d

[xpressions with do,gef,ftoyeondmolre do 1 tasksand work: Canyou do me a favour and help me with this naths problem? I hate doing the garden - it's such hard work! I like to do my homework as soon as I get home. Whodoes the housework in your home? l4y parents do the shopping on Saturday mornings. Don't do the woshing-up - we'vegot a dishwasher. She has done some useful researchinto the causesof Aids. 2 activities: I do othletics/gymnastics/tennisf horse riding every Tuesday after schooL. My sister is doing English/history/science at university. Don't just sit there doing nothing - do something! 3 actions: This isn't working - I think I did something wrong. Don't worryabout the exam;just do your best. Thestorm did a lot of damage. My morning swim does me a lot of good. It'll do you no harm to visit your grandparentsnow and again. Did you do well in your test?

get 1 to obtain or receive: I really must get o haircut before the wedding. I got a letter/email/message fron Brigit this morning. He got a Lot of moneyfrom his weekendjob. After two years with the company,he got a promotion. I neverget o chance to reLax. I got a shockfsurprise when he arrived - I didn't expecthim. Get some sleep! Youlook Likeyou need it! I think I'm getting a cold! I feeL awful. 2 t o b e c o m eo r a c h i e v e : I have got attached to our neighbourspuppy. That'sa terribLecoLd- I hopeyou get better soon. Theseinstructionsore awfuL- I can't get beyond the first step. I'd better go; it's getting dark. Hurry and get dressedor you'LI be late. She can't concentratefor long. She gets fed up quickLy. I get the feeling you don't agreewith the government. Don't Leavewhen it's dark - you couLdeasiLyget lost. Our car got stuck in the mud after the heavyrain. She'svery ambitious.I'm sureshe'lLget to the top. I'd like to get in touch with Jin, butl've Losthisphone number. I wasjust beginning to get worried when he phoned.

have 1 exoeriences: I had a cold/fever/headache,so I took an aspirin. Last night, I hod o terrible dream about being lost. Have fun at the party! I'm hoving a hoircut this afternoon. WeaLwayshave o laugh when we get together. She'sgoing to have an operation on her bad leg next week. I'm tired. Let's have a rest. have a surprisefshock whenyou see him - he's reolly You'LL changed. I had a great time at the party lost night. 2 actions: We had an argument about footbalL. I have o bath/shower everymorning. I hod breakfast/lunch/dinner with CharLie. CanI have a look at your holiday photos? At weekendsI have o lie-in tiil about ten. I'm going to hove s porty on my birthday. I think the neighboursare having a row. They'rehaving a swim in the hoteLpooL. She hod the chance to meet the Leadingactors after the show.

3 to possesssomething(aLsohove got): How many brothersand sistersdo you hove? Youmust acceptthe decision- you really have no choice. I don't know the answer I haven't a clue! Weboth Likemusic ond reading - we have o lot in common. I hove sn idea - why don't we go swimming? I hove s good/bad memoty. He hos a lot of patience with children. I've tried to give up sweets,but I hsve no willpower. 4 to producean effect: The war wiLIhove o bad effect on the economy. The weatherhad an influence on the resuLtof the match.

make 1 actions: Theymade an agreement with us to meet at 6 o'clock. Youshould make on appointment at the dentist's. I make my bed as soon as I get up. We'dlike to moke a comploint about the bad service. I had to make a decision before six o'clock. We mode an effort to finish on time. He made an excusefor not doing his homework. Don't moke fun of him - it's not fair. KeepcaLm.There'sno need to make o fuss. He'sso funny. He always makes me laugh. I'm going to make you an offer you can't refuse! CanI make a phone coll, please? She's making progress at school. I'd like to make a reservation at the hoteLfor Friday night. I think she'll moke a successof her business. 2 to create,or produce: Itlake me a cup of tea, pLease. He investedweLLand made a fortune. He makes a living seLlinghis own vegetabLes. Don't make o mess in your bedroom- try to keepit tidy! I think you've mode o mistake - Mr Smith doesn't live here. He made a Lot of money selling his paintings. Our neighboursoften make a lot of noise at weekends. Youmode a good point at the meeting. CouldI make a suggestion, pLease?

Word I love watchingold black and white fiLmsfrom the 1930s. I've got Lotsof bits ond pieces to take to schooLtomorrow incLudingny pen, penciL,paper, and bool