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Rеading Titlе: Skimreading quiсklу mеansreаding a tеХtthrough to gеtа gеnеraI youforanswеring idеaof whаtit is about.Тhisprеparеs morеdеtai|еd оuеstions, Skimrеadthе tехtand matсhheаdingsа_еto parаgraphs 1-5. a Inspiration d Аppеа| b Sаfеty е |nvisibiIitу с VаrlеtУ 3 what wouldbe a suitаbIеtit|еfor the tеxt?

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imaяеs? Whatarеthеsourсеs 1 Whеrеdo wе соmеасross оf thеsеimagеs? Whyhavеstiсkinsесts dеvе|opеd thеirimagе?Havе tigеrsеvolvеdstripеsforthеsamеrеаson? WhаtdoеsthеаrmadiIIo usеto protесt itseIf? Whatothеr spесiеs usеsimilаrwаysof protесtion? Whаtimportаnt rо|еdoеsimagеp|ауin thе|ifеof pеасoсks? \Vhеrе do pеoplеoftеnIookforfаshionidеаs?

1 surroundеd-by'ii.gl]: Whеrеvеr wе look nowadaysWе arе world. Wе sее thеm today,s of fеatuI; a сonstant il;;;'; Howеvеr, not all of on TV at thе сinеma, in magazinеs. bеings.Naturе itsеlf has thеm havе bееn сrеatеdby huЬan imagеs,and thе variеty сrеatеdsomе of thе most bеautiful Ovеr millions of yеars' of imagеs in naturе is еnormous. .look,..Thеre arе thrее owп .u.rl ,fr..i" s has developedits natural imagеs. *ui'l *u,o's for this divеrsity of 2 vеIy d'I*':"j.'^Y-::1.:^ Lеt,s bеgin by looking ш tw9 hav.ееvolvеd to look insесts '::: Stiсk stiсk insесt and thе ti!еr. For amongst. livе thеy lеavеs and еxaсtly likе thе branйеs thеir еnеmiеs is еssеntial thеm, thе ability to hidе from offеrs thеm thе only bесausеthеy arе small and саmouflаgе only small сrеaturеs not *uy .o protЪсt thеmsеlves. Yеt it,s do too, but in a that usе сamouflagе. Largе mammals еxamplе, havе StripеS to totally diffеrеnt way. Tigеis, for whеrе thеy сan launсh hidе thеmsеlvеs in ,n" й,.g grass, madе it possiblе fоr thеir attaсks on thеir p,"y. ёйo.,flagе tigеrsto bесomе suссеssfulhuntеIs. З isn't'th" But hiding from thеir prеdatoIs :-ч}Y.::ii.: from Сеntral and armadillo Thе survival. thеir сan еnsurе protесtеdbу thiсk piесеs.of South Amеriсa, for еxamplе,is around its tlody. Thе hard bonе whiсh to'* u shЪll armourеd m1сhi1е l':i.i armadillo looks morе likе an Or lеt,s takе a rnоrе animal. an ,.i.,'." fi.сtion fllm than is a muсh smallеr animal, сommon еxamplе. Thе hеdgеhog sharp Spinеt a has providеo it йitь сoаt of Long, й.,i ''u',,," itsеIffrom its еnеmiеs' to protесt

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5 Еxp|ainthе meaningof the wordsin itаliсaссordingto howthеyarе usеdin thе tеxt.

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6 Sсanthе tеxtand find wordsor phrasesthаt mean: (paragraph typеsof somеthing 1 a numbеrоf diffеrеnt 1) (parаgraph group p|аnts 1) of аnimаIs or 2 a thаtshаrеthеsamесharасtеristiсs grаduа|Iy 2) frоmа simpIе form(pаrаgrаph to а morесomp|еx 3 dеvеIop whеrеуouсannotbеsееn(pаragrаph 4 bе in а p|aсе 2) or somеbody 2) 5 kееpsоmеthing sаfе(pаrаgrаph (paragrаph that is ki||еd 2) andеatеnbyothеrаnimals 6 аn аnimaI аndеatsоthеrаnimals(paragrаph 7 аn animа|thаtki||s З) fее|thаtthеу|ikеуou(pаragrаph 4) 8 makеsomeonе thаnothеrs(paragrаph 4) 9 be morеsuссеssful

Еvolution 7 Matсhthеverbsin Iist1 to thosеin list2 thаtаrеsimi|аrin mеaning.

.- is yеt anothеr rеason for

thе ..'.rе.s variеty of imagеs. For to 1''.s to survivе it,s not еnough it,s . .:е from prеdators. Somеtimеs сrowd. thе iп out . -.tu,.t to stаnd , - ,.uks, for i n st anсе , d е v е l o p е d .:.: ехtlaordinary bluе and grееn

at t r aсt { е mal е s 1 p е а h e n s ) mat i n g sе a s o n . M a n y thе ', . :-:1 g ...г animals usе thеir imagе to to gеt ,', ]сf,} to potеntial matеs and . - .зd of thеir rivals. .

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. :-' enimal,s appеaтanсе seпds out a -. ilпportапt mеSSаgе.Тhеir imagе -.'l.'s ihеm to hidе, to dеfеnd Wе .епrsеlvеs or to flnd paтtnеrs. ouг ' ..:тlans havе stolеn maлy of '".-lr imagеs from wildlifе ovет thе of rrrilitary -=nturiеs. Just think -1lloLtI for еxarnplе, oт thе fеathетs skin :. еxpеnsivе hats, lеopaтd сamouflagе :'зriсs, punk hairstylеs, еndlеss. ..-.1'',.,,,-fukеfur... thе list is it .r faсt, whеn it сomеs to fаshion-, nas ).еms as if thе human raсе . trоm =ernеd еvеrything it knows _ - lstonе s ou r се n at ur е .

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suffixgs and profixоь fromthеsеnounsbу adding-ful andIor./ess. Thеnsсanthe 9 Formadjeсtivеs find what thе adjeсtives textand dеsсribе. 4 сount 1 hе|p 5 wondеr 2 pеасе 3 worth t CI writеwordswith а of 1-7. .l nаturаI 2 еssеntiaI 3 possibIе 4 suссеssfuI

nеgativеprefiх,(un-,im-, in-)whiсhmеаnthе oppositе 5 сommon 6 importаnt 7 еxpеnsivе

with it. Сhoosеonе of thе statеmеnts beIowand sаywhy уou agreе/disаgrее judgеa pеrsonby hisor hеrappеаranсе. о Youсanа|wаys o It'snоtwhatwеwеаrbuthowwе wеаrit thаtmattеrs. . Bеаutv is onlvskindееp. ф

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lrlаtсhthе vеrbsin boIdin thе tеxtto thе usеs1-4. ,l tо dеsсribе an ехpеriеnсе thathasоr hаsn'thаpреnеd аt аn indеfinitе timein thepastе.g. |lаve уou evor bought? and2 .- 3еsсribe аn асtionthаthasfinishеd buthasаn еffесt '. .' * orеsеnt 3 .' :l.s:t..bе аn асtionor stаtеthаtstаrtеd in thеоаstаnd . . .. . .,] еs:о thе prеsеnt4 :с сеs:rbе а finishеd aсtionor stаtеаt а dеfinitе timеin

lцдi:-.. 't;--.i..l+'':.нiqj.ц:....l;l..ffi Exp|ainwhy thrеeof thеsеsеntеnсеs аre inсorrесt. ,l l'vеWorna nеwdrеss,УеsterdаY. 2 N4у friеndsIаughed whеnthеуsawmуо|dtгаiпеrs. 3 Jаnеdidn'tbuyаnуbrandnаmес|othеs, t'еt. 4 JаmiеjustIosthiswаlIеt.

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Undеr|ine thе сorrесttеnsеin sеntеnсes 1_8. 1 Dtd)ou е\еrsееНауе\oLlеvеrsееnОasisin сonсеrt? 2 Sjmonbought jеans|аstwееk. hаsоought sоmеdеsignеr 3 Sаrаworkеdihаs ууorkеd аsa modе|in thеholidаys. - |t'оrgоtihаl,е 4 | сan'tсаlIJеssiе mv mobiIе. t'оrgottеn 5 | didn,tgo/hаvеn't bееnto sсhoоlvеstеrdау. 6 | sоw/hаvе sееnIwofi|msstarring GеоrgеСloоnеу rесеntIy. 7 Markdidn'tеоt/hаsn,t еatеnСhinеsеfood bеforе- Wе,rе goingto trуsomеtonight. 8 Did уou watсh/11avе Iastnight? уou wаtсhedtе|еvision

In pairs,firstanswеrthe quеstions, thеn rеadthе tеxt.Dо уou agrееwith whatKeIly,Davеand thе writеrsay? Whу/whynot? ,1 Whаtis а brаndnаmе? 2 Whаtdo уouthinkmаkеsс|othеs аndothеrthinsswith brаndnаmеsso popu|ar? Rеadthеtеxtagain.UndеrIine thе еxamp|еs оf thе prеsеntpеrfeсtsimpleаnd сirс|еthе еxаmp|еs of thе past simplеin the еxtraсt.

Hаveyou ever boughtа brаnd nameproduсt?|fso,why? Мost peopte,it seems,buythеse produсtsas a Wayof expressing

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theirownindividuatity whilestitl beingpartoГа grоup.Buying brandnamеsis likebеing а fanof а popularbandor a famous

footballteam,it givesyou a sense of idеntity.Howevеr, thеse produсtshavebесome muсhmorе important thаntheyusedto bе, espeсiаlly foryoungpeople. Yеsterday, I spoketo some reenagers abouttheirbuying hаbits.Ke[lцwhoЪr7, explained.|'ve boughtlots of сlothеsbесausеoithе label.l bought i.,. designer Т.shirttwo yеarsago beсause 'u it was сheapin a satе.But l disсoveredthatthe quаtity wаs good.|tdidn,tfall to pieсesaftertwo Wеeks,so now l buy сlotheswith labets whеn| сan.'ltЪ notjustthegirts whoareimagе сonsсious. Davе,KellyЪbrothеьtoldme .Dad boughtme somedеsignеrtrainersfor my birthdaya fewyеarsago. Sinсethenl hаveаlwaysworn brandedtrainers.And

Put thе аdvеrbsin braсkеtsin thе сorrесtplaсеin .l_8. sentеnсеs 1 Don,tfееdthесаt;|'vеgivеnhim hisdinnеr. (аlrеady) 2 Hаvеуoupаidthеtеlеphonе bil|?(yеt) 3 Thе|еttеr (stiI|) frommy pеnfriеnd hasn,t arrivеd. 4 Pau|a,s missеdthе bus.(just) 5 HаvеyoutriеdGrееkfood?(evеd 6 l'vеbееnаbrоаd. (nеvеr) 7 АnnahаsIikеdс|аssiса| musiс.(а|ways) 8 N4аtt hasn'tmovеdhоusе.(yеt) Read1-8 in 6 аgainand answеrquеstions,l_3. Whiсhаdvеrbs or timееxprеssions dо wе use ,l to tа|kaboutеxpеriеnсеs thаthаvеor haven't happеnеd аt an indеfinitе timеin thеоаst? pеrfесt 2 withthеprеsеnt to taIkаboutrесеnt асtions with orеsеntrеsuIts? З withthе prеsеntpеrfесt for unfinishеd timе?

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sinсеl stаrtedbuyingmy own сlothes,lastyea1l havealso сhosenjeansand T-shirtswith tabets;thesejeansl,m wearingnowforexamplе. lt

meansyou alwaysfeel сonfidentthatyou're wearingsomеthing сool.'

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\ilаtсhеraглpiеs а_сto thе usеsоf thе prеsеntpеrfесt :оп tinuous-l-3. ,!'ve .\4hу baan runnin7., a аГe fou эo hot?. 6 Theу,vebaen going to tha tannis сlub for уoаrь. с !,ve been living hore ьinсe lаst Аpril. for: pеrfесt соntinuous . lsе thеpresеnt '1 асtions pastаndаrеsti|| in thе startеd whiсh or statеs of timе. thе Iеngth 3оingon.Wеwаntto еmphаsisе buthavеprеsеnt whiсhhаvеstoppеd, ] aсtions or statеs tonsеquеnсеs. forsomеtimе. rеpеatеdly whiсhhаvеhаppеnеd ] асtions асtion. thеrеpеаtеd \Vеwantto еmphаsisе

: Lookаt еxampIes 1 and2 and thеn put thе timе into thе сorrесtсolumn. ехвressions 1 l,vo Knоwn6а|Iуfar 6iх уoаro. 2 |,votrivedhеro einсa 2o0l, a Iongtimе twоwееks |astMarсh thrееhours Сhristmas |Vondаy а fеwminutеs ninеo,с|oсk for (periodof time)

sinсе(pointin timе)

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"Е,ERеadthе ru|еsand thenсomplеtеsеntеnсеs 1_5 using yourown words. Rulеs ,l Wесаnusеthе prеsеntperfесt simp|еinstеadof thе prеsеnt thаtwilIor should sоmеthing to taIkаbout еVentin thеfuturе'е.g. anothеr happеnbеforе When уou.vofinishod уour homeworK.уou сdn go out. You саn,t go out unIil уou,vefinished уour homеworK. of thе pеrfесt simp|еinstеad 2 Wесanusеthеprеsеnt e.g. sеntеnсеs' in somеfirstсonditionаl оrеsеnt lf уou,vеfini;hod уour homeworK,we will go out. ,l |fthеу wе wi|lring by |unсhtimе, notandfindoutwhеrеthеyare. wе саnhavе yourbеdroom, 2 WhеnуoUdinnеr. mу hаir. З I'lIbе rеadyto gooutwhеn| thеtab|еfordinnеr, 4 Whеnyouуouсou|d thеvеgеtаb|еs. hеIpmе preparе to is untiII 5 I сan'ttе||youwhatmуsесrеt Annе.

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Lеt's aсtivatе Peгэonal oъPorieoс.o In pairs,firstput thе vеrbsin braсkеtsinto thе сorrесt Тhen perfесtsimpIеor сontinuous). tеnse(present tensеs lf both or sinсе. with сomplеtеthe sеntеnсеs /or in meaning. diffеrenсе possibIe, thе еxplain arе Iаstуеаr.l (rеаd) thеsаmеbook 1 Pеtеr wondеrwhеnhе wiIlfinish. hours'pеrnаps (try) to phonеthеm2 Wеthеirphonеis brokеn. two (hаvе) thеirсаt3 Ourgrandpаrеnts 4 5 6 7 8

уеars. (do)thisjоb -thrееmonths. N4аriа agеs. (bе)a friеnd-Kar| I movеdhousе (notgo)to theсinеmа |matсh footbal| (not a watсh) John months. hе startеd (stay) withhisсousins Sаm сoIlеgе.

1_3аnd intеrviewеaсh 12 ln pairs'readthе instruсtions othеr.Usеthеsequеstionwords. Whеn What Whо... with How Whу Howmanуtimеs Whеrе

How|ong

hasdonеthеthings(а-с)bе|ow. 1 Findoutif yoUrpartnеr аsyouсаnаboutwhat 2 Findoutas muсhinformation didthеm. whеnhе/shе hаppеnеd rеp|iеs. 3 N4аkе a notеof Уourpartnеr's Ехаmple Ann Bob Ann Bob Ann Bob

sportyoUhavеtriеd? Whаtis thеmоstexсiting Kayаking. Howmаnytimеshаvеуоudonеit? in summеr. Lots.I do it еvеrуwееkеnd HowIonghavеyoubееndoingit? ,l2' SinсеI wаs

sport a tryan ехсiting p|aсе b visitаn intеrеsting in pub|iс с pеrform T 3 Workin groups'Disсussthе quеstions. not? WhyiWhy с|othеs? 1 Doуoubuуdеsignеr pеop|е,s spеnding 2 Howhavеbrаndnаmеsсhаnged your сountry? hаbitsin

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In pairs,disсuss thesеquеstions. ] Hоwdo youfеe|аbout: . takingphotogrаphs? . sееingphotоgraphs of yourse|f? . Iooking photogrаphs? аt othеrpеoplе,s 2 Whуdo pеoplеtаkеphotogrаphs of еасhоthеr? З Hоwdo pеop|е rеасtwhеnthеуknоwthеirphotоgl.аph is bеingtаl'епi Whу? 4 HowWеrе|mаgеs rеprеsеntеd bеforе thе invеntion оf phоtogrаphу?

5 Lookat thеsеphotographs аnd аnswеr thе quеstions. ,l How old do yоuthinkthеpеoplеarе? 2 Whаtjоbsdo уouthinkthеydo?

L i s t еn in g 2 Lookаt this photograph a аnswеrthе quеstions. 1 Whеndo youthinkit wastаkеn? 2 Whаtwordswou|d уoUUsеto dеsсribе thеman? 3 Howdo уouthink hе fе|tаboutthе phоto?

Notе-taking WhеnIistеning don'twоrrуif уoudo notundеrstаnd еverуword. l\4аkе briefnotеsthе firsttimеуou listеne.g.аntiquеmаrkеt/Pоris. Тhеnсonfirm on thеsесondIistеning bеforе fi||ing уoUranswеr in thе аnswеr form. гo6Jl:lListеnto a shortnеwsitеm аboutthе o|d photogrаph аnd answеl thе quеstions. Writenotеs|ikеthosеin thе ехamp|е. Ехаmplе |Уhеrеdid NlonsiеurPаgneuхbuу it? Аntiquo mаrKrt / Раris 1 2 3 4 5 6

Whуis it so importаnt? Whеnwаsit tаkеn? Whеndidthе pub|iсhеаrаboutthеphotogrаph? WhowаsNiсo|аs Huеt? Whаtdid hе hаvеto do? Whydidn'thе сombhishairor smi|е?

Eхpandyour notеsinto sеntenсеs. Тhеnсompareyourаnswеrsto а partnеr's.

ro6,|l.z Thegirl in thе photogrаph is сa||ed AnnаPimm.listеnаnd сomplеtе thе notеs. AnnаPimm .l Аgе: 2 Nаtiоnа|itу: 3 N4аin oссupаtion: job:4 Pаrt-limе 5 Eаrnings: 6 Fаthеr's oссupаlion: 7 Fathеr's аdviсе: 8 N4ain аmbition: In pairs,disсuss thеsеquеstions. 1 Whodo уouthinkwasright,Аnnаor hеrfаthеr? 2 Whatdo youthinkhаshаppеnеd to Annаsinсеthеn7

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.-! sьowingthatyou arе listеning wantеdto bе а thаtуou,dа|wауs .j A Nowуou mеntioned modе|. B Yеs,еvеrsinсе| tookpаrtin a fаshiоn showаt sсhooI A So thаt,show it a||stаrtеd? in а |oсаI B Yеs,p|usthеfасtthatIwonа сompеtition nеWspapеr. Aсtuаllу,I wаsgoing to аsk уou аbout thаt. Сouldуou ехplаinin moredetаil ехaсt|у howthаt hе|pеdуou?

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О6Jl's Now intеrviеwеaсhothеr.Rеfеrto whаtyour pаrtnеrhаssаidtо shоwthatyou arе Iistening. Usеthе diaIoguе boxto he|pyou'

: i kе а сo m p |е t ес h а n g еo f с a r е е r .

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а сontаining unitsusuа||y -: :iiridеdintosуl|аbIes: аftеr it, е.g. af-tеr. . .lrlsоnаnt bеforе аndior

Disсuss thеsequеstions. 'l Whаtarеthеpеop|е in thеpiсturеs doing? 2 Whаtis thеsIogаn suggеsting? or forа hаppу|ifе аppеaranСе З Whаtis mоrеimportаnt pеrsonaIity? in advеrtisеmеnts 4 Towhаtеxtеntdo photographs influеnсе us? piсturе of 5 Arephotogrаphiс imagеs aIwаys аn асСuratе rеа|itу?

in еaсhworс. syIlablе - -::, nе thе strеssеd (noun) ..асt b сontrасt(vеrb) '. 'llеrсе(noun) b сommеrсia|(аdjесtive) . . : ft vе r l э ) b sаtisfaсtiоn(noun) b assignmеnt(nоun) : : iП V€ГD) : : I \ . е r b) b rеас tiоn(noun) .о grаph(noun) b phоto grаphiс(аdjесtivе) .г..

\оtv Iistenand сhесkyouranswеrs.Prасtise thе rvordswith thе сorrесtstrеss.

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lmаginеyouеaсh a partnеr. " ' . :". goingto intеrviеw ', ' =: J ffеrеntjob in whiсhyou havеbееnvеry to findout аbout: ' ' -.:s.;].\Vritеquеstions r

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. Lookаt thе piсtures. What diffеrеntimagesof Britaindo thеy show? : Whatimagesdo you havеof Britainwhiсharenot in thе piсturеs?

St u d yin gth e sa mplе Understanding tho taeK :. Тiсk (/) the pointsin thе listthаt mightаppеarin a writtеn desсription. о pеrsonaI fее|ings аndеmotions . fасtsаndfigurеs . exp|anаtions of who,whаt, whеn,whеrеаndwhy i nforma |,сonvеrsаtionа |-tуpе |аnguagе, е.g.сontraсtions a storiеs or nаrrаtivе a piсturеs,drаwings andlor diаgrаms

j

.j::.:1traditional images of,Britain whiсhhеtppеople to

lT:. a betteridea have of what Britishtifеis tike

today. z Many peoplethinkoГ Britain and immediatety thinkof London.Big Ben is an еxampleof a сharaсteristiс imageof London.Тhis is beсauseit is partof the Housеs of Parliaй"n.,*r.''.й,,.;;;. traditionas wе[las todayЪgovernment. other touristimagеsdon,t symbolisethe whoteсountryin thе same Wayas Big Bеn.Мany peoplethinkof a Britishman wеaringa dark,uit uй .u,.;u;.; u, umbrella'whiсhis not verytypiсat thesedays.Howevеr, an umbrella is an importantimageof Britain bесausеit says somethingabout the weather,whiсhpeoplеtalk about altthe time.other important imagеsare food and drink.Tea is a traditionat image,but mostyoung

people nowdrinkmorесoffee. British people stirr;; . i". сhips,

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howеVer, so this appearsto be one of the "iion best represеntations oГtraditionat Britishfood. 3 Тhereare manyBritishmusiсiansand bandsand Britishmusiсis popularin manypartsof the world.Тhе musiсаlinstruments givean idеaoi thе influenсеof musiс. Sport is аlso an ,;.;;;;;ъieo witr, Britainbeсausеso manysports originallyсamеfromthere.A f,ootbalt is a betterimagethana сriсkеt bаt beсauseeverybodyreсognisеs a footba[[. 4 Finallцyoungpeoplehavean importantpart to play in Britishlifе,аs do pеoptefrommanydifferеnt сultures.Imagesof youngpeople and of a multiсultural soсietyshow how fаsсinating Britainis todav.

uring Paregr.?ьс

,l-4, 4 *Еаd thе dшbtirru Dесidewhiсh paragrаph, foоrsсsomрйПse{. . \ сouпtrrof сuhurеs b Britishсulfurеtodaу imprеssion с { morеассUгаtе d ТypiсаlIу British

Arоidiпgrepetition \еt.еrwritееxасt|у thе samеthingmorеthanonсеwhеn \truarеwriting.Trytо useа variеtyof waуsof rеpеating similаridеas. 5 lоok аt thеsеphrasesfrom thе dеsсription.Thеysаy sfuпilar thingsaboutwhatthe imagеsmеanbut in frffеrеntways.Whiсhimagеdoeseaсh phrаserefеrto? 1 ... stаndfor . .. 2 ... don'tsymbolisе .'. 3 ... is notvеrуtypiсa| ... { ... sаyssomething about... 5 . . is а trаditiоnaI imagе... of... 6 .-.thеbеstrеоrеsеntation 7 ... givеаn idеаof ... partto p|ayin ... 8 ... hаvеаn important ! ... shоw...

Stсps to hеttеr writing Ёзпtоnсоbuilding for a C сomplеtеthе sentenсes with information dеsсriptionоf your own сountry. thinkof ... l [lаnypеoplеthinkof ... andimmеdiateIy |ikе... 2 l wou|dсhoosе an imagеin myсountrу 3 -.. stands for ... 4 ... dоеsn't/don't thеwho|есountrу' symbo|isе 5 Ьlanypеop|е thinkof а ..' manor Womаnas ... 6 '.. is a trаditiona| imagеof ... 7 \!е еata |otof .. 8 Pеоp|е to ... in mусountry|istеn 9 our nаtionalsport is... l0 is a ... soсiеty.

Writingyour desсription 9rainоtorming 7

{),n пgroups' preparеto dеsigna posterаnd writеa desсription of yourсountry.Disсusswhatimagеsyou shouIdinсIudeand why.Usethe diаIoguеboxto hеIp you. opinions Justifying A Pеrsonollу,I don,tthink ууeshouldсhoosean imagеo{ an umbrеl|a. a darksuitandсarrying a manwеаring B I agrеe.Lеt,snot hoveIhalbесаusеit'sa bit o|dfаshionеd, isn'tit? С ln mу opinion,weshouldinсludean imаgеof the rесognisеs еvеrybody beсouse Housеsof Pаrliаment thаtasan imagеоf Britain. A I feel it ltlouldbe betterto inсludеan imagеof how youngpеop|е|ive.Surеlуthаt,sllthotstudentsWantto see? It,sreollуimportаnttoinсludethat kind B АbsoIutе|y. of imаgе.Thаt,sthe kind of thingуoungpeopleсаn rеlаte to.

Planning B Dесidе: . howtо introduсе yourdеsсription. . whiсhordеrto putуourdесisions in.

Ц|riting 9 Usеyour notesto writе a desсription. . Expandyournotеsintoсomplеtе sеntеnсеs. о Usеdiffеrent waуsof sayingwhatyoudесidеdandwhаt thе imagеsrеprеsеnt'

LhocYing 10 сhесkthatyou have: . usedparagrаphs idеas. diffеrеnt to introduсе . writtenthе rightаmount(200-250 words).

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?roьon|porteс|. eimpleand paьtsimplo of thе vеrbsin 1 Writethе pаstsimpIeand pastpartiсip|еs thе сorreсtсolumn. = bе u bеgin* bring * сomе * deсidе* fа|l = find = forgеt* go ф know u lеavе * prоmisе* rеmеmbеr = sее s sing * 516p* tеaсh u think visit * wаsh " = Writе pаstsimpIe wаь/wor*

rеgularpаst partiсiplеs

irrеgularpаst partiсiplеs bcen

Сomp|etе sеntеnсеа of еасhpаirwith thе сorrесtform of thе vеrb.Тhеnсomp|еtе b so it hasthе sаmе sеntеnсе mеaningаs sеntеnсе a. 1 a lt'sаgеssinсе| boughi;.сil раirof trаinеrs. l:,. b I hвvpn'tbвuyhta ilе,..i-. ",''.'f trаinеrs аgез for 2 а |t,sa |ongtimеsinсеl... tо thесinеma..: 1othеtirlг:' b Wе3 a It.sovеrа УеаrsinсеГ,r .,. a holrd ai b a b a b a b

It'shourssinсеwе .. Wеanythlng to еаt', It'sаbouttwomоnthssinсе| |-аhаirсulIt,snеаr|у а fortnight sinсеSusаl Susаn-mе-,,,

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Proьon| Porfoс|wihhwhen,if, ar unti! with thе pastsimplеor prеsеnt thе sеntеnсеs 2 СompIеtе pеrfeсtsimpIеof onе of thе verbsfrom 1 abovе. you 1 thе HаrdRосkСafёwhеnyouwеrе in Lоndоn? mу Сamеrа 2 oh no!| at homе.I саn'ttаkеаny photos. 3 YоuIооktаnnеd. аWayon holidаy? уoU4 Ethаnworriеd abоuthisappеaranсе foryеаrs, butnowhе'squitесоnfidеnt. |in pub|iс twiсеwithmусhoir.I wаsvеrу nеrvoUs. hiswа||еt in thесinеmа|аstwееk. 6 Niсkyou7 BrаdPitt'snеwfi|m? youto phonеSusan|аstnight?| bеtyou I fоrgot! Сompletеthе dialoguеswith thе mostаppropriatе adverb.lf morеthаn onе answeris possib|е, writеboth possibilities. * * just в nеVеr* 51i||* }еt " аlrеady еvеr .Нurry 1 up,thеfi|mhas stаrtеd.' .Hаs happеnеd аnуthing -?, .Hаvе 2 bееnon а photoshoоt?' уoU.No, |'vе bееnon onе,butI wеntto а fаshiоn showonсе., .Havе 3 seenMаtriхRе!oаdеd?, уoU .No,I havеn,t' I,vеbookеdtiсkеtsfor Sаturdау night.' .Hаvеyou finishеd surfing thе Intеrnеt 4 -?, .No,I havеn't finishеd |hаvеn't found whаtI wasloоking for.,

а

5 UndеrIinе thе сorrесtwordto сomplеtееaсhsепtеnсе. you'vеfinishеd plaуing Whеn/Until 1 thес.'^.]-., ]. .J.'.: сanlhаvеago? youаnymorеmonеyуу|lсr I'mnot|еnding ',,'. ,. --,е pаidmе bасkthеmonеууoUoWеmе. if/until 3 |'mnotgoinganуwhеre tо|d-.. ... ...,.h уou,vе you,vе 4 lf/Whеn а|rеadу sееnthеfi|m,wе ]l$О:... ::somеthing еlsе. you,vеtаkеnthе phоto,сouIdt.оL, Until/Whеn : .- ... саmеrаbасkto mе? l'|lringBobif/untilyou,vе finishеd usingthер[сг t

?сeьen|.?orfoс|эimplоand сontinuous so thе mеaningis thе samе. 6 Rеwritеthе sentеnсеs ,l It'sаbouttwomonthssinсе| stаrtеd studying photogrаphy. I,vеbееnвtudуingphвtogrвptзу fвr twomonthэ' * shе hаsnt 2 MаndуboughtthatoсsisСDуеstеrdау p|ауing stoppеd it! Mаndyhаsn't... 3 Whеndid уоubuуthosеtrаinеrs? Howlong... 4 ТhеlasttimeI sаwmуgrаndparеnts wаsаt Сhristпlаs. I hаvеn,t ... 5 Rosshаsn'tsееnRасhе| forа longtimе. It'sbеen.... 6 |t'shоurssinсе| аrrivеd аt thесаfёаnd \4oniса sti|| hаsn'tarrivеd. I'vеbееnwаiting...

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Reading

Listening

a-d with 7 кеadthе tехtаnd matсhsеntеnсеs parаgrаphs 1_4.

8

саn illustrate Тhе photographs Тo eitheran invеntеdstoryor a doсumentаry' сrеatea photo-storythе first stер is to write thе outlinе,a brief dеsсriptionof your idеаsfor thе or the plot of your story. doсumentary, An еpiс talе with а сastof thousandswill bе vеry еxpensivеto set up. A and simplestoryset in your own nеighbourhood usinga few friends сan bе vеry effeсtive.

Т

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tаlkingabоut Q,., vouarеgoingto hеarfour spеakеrs stаtеmеnts imаgе.Dесidеwhiсhspeaker1_4еxprеssеs а_е.one stаtеmеnt doеsnot fit any spеakеr Spеakеr 1 П Spеаkеr 2 П Sоеаkеr З П Sоеаkеr 4 П

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pеrsоnа|ity thanthеir A friеnd's is morеimportant appеаra nсе. pеop|е саnmаkеfriеnds. 0n|yattrасtivе youwon,tgеtа jоb |f yоu hаven'tgotquа|ifiсаtions A goodpеrsona|ity саnhеlpgеtyouа job. Appеaranсе is mоrеimportаnt thanexаmrеsuIts.

Writing in 9 writеa shortаrtiсleaboutattitudеsto appеaranсе yourсountry.Usеthе folIowingplanto makenotes:

If you arе planningto shoщ for example,a сraftsmanat work,spendsomе time findingout what that pеrson,stypiсa!day is you mightwant to photograph likе.Altеrnatively, people, for еxamplеyour friеndsor a varietyof in thеir housеsto showhow different nеighbours, thеy are. Makеsurethаt you havesomе сlose-up,dеtаilеdshotsand somebroаdеr piсturеsto givеvariеty.Don'tworryif you сan't drawvеrywеll,you only neеdan ideа of thе сontеntof eaсhphotograph.onсе you'vеdonе you'rereаdyto tаke thе piсtures. thе storyboard, Еinally'when thе piсtureshаvеbееndеvеloped, stiсkthеm into your album,аnd writеyour story.

bеforеуoUstаrt. do somеrеseаrсh а Fоra doсumеntаrу, your p|ot storуtoo of andsеtting b Dоn'tmakеthe соmpIiсatеd. photographеr is to prоjесt fоran аmаtеur An intеrеsting pорulаr in phоtostoriеs that аrе thе kind of сrеаtе mаgаzinеs. you аndskеtсhthе piсtures Nеxt,p|аnyourstorуbоаrd, wiIltаkе.

Introduсtiоn: portrау? Whоtimаgеsdo mаgаzinеsаnd аdvеrtismеnts WhаtУourfriеndsthink 3 YourpеrsonaI opinion

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Varbs аnd propositions 1 (ompletеsentеnсes 1_5with onе of thesеvеrbsand a suitаbIеpreposition. Ф attraсtФ сreatе* еvoIvе protесt* providе " ,I Wе arеplеasedto bе ab|еto |ight уou rеfrеshmеnts aftеrthе mееting. 2 Whatfirstthispartof thе сountry? уoU3 Тhisunusuаl outfitwаs a we|l-knоwn fashionhousе. yoursеlf 4 P|еаsе wеаrthеsеdаrkg|assеs to thе sun'srаys. 5 Тhеуsaуthаthumanbеingsаpе-|ike сrеаTu rеs. 2 Matсhthе sеntеnсebеginnings 1-4 to the prepositions bеIow.Thеnсomplеtethе sеntеnсes with еndingsa_d. Ф аgainst* by * to * with 1 2 3 4

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thеg|amorous imаgеоf thefiImindustry. сritiсism thathisсlothеsWеrеtoo еxpеnsivе. thеdеsignеr Сa|vin Klеin. а programmе of thеfаshion show.

Nagativо Pr9fix95 3 СompIete thе sеntеnсеs with the negаtivеform of thеse adjесtivеs.Usеthе prеfixеsun-,in-,im., ir-,dis-or il-. о аttrасtive* сIеars еXpеnsivе* |еgaI * mature* organisеd * possiblе8 responsiblе 1 Thеphotograph wasblurrеd and -. Weсouldn't sееwhowаsin it. 2 |t'syou'rеVеrУ to bесоmеa supеrmodеI un|еss goodIooking. 3 l don'tspеndlotsof monеуon с|othеs. l usual|у buу thingswhiсhаrе4 lt is Verytо |еavе thесhi|dren witnout supеrvision neаrthеpool. 5 Thеyoungmanhadа rаthеr sсаron hisсhееk. 6 Тhесonсеrt wаsсоmp|еtе|y Nobody knеw -. whereto buуtiсkеtsfor it. 7 Somеmode|s arеtoo to rеa|isе thеrisks assoсiаtеd withworking in thеfаshionindustrу. 8 ln Еng|аnd it'stо drivеa сariI уou,rе undеr17.

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ЦJordbuilding 4 Соmp|еtе thе tеxtWiththe сorrесtformof thе wordsin braсkеts. Imаgеis impоrtаnt in mostprofеssions, butsomеjobsput 1nlоrеепlрhаsis (аppеaф on thаnоthеrs. Nobodу knoirsтhismorеthаnJodiеKе||еr, makе-up arIisIfor Voguе magаzi nе, .l\4у wоrkint,о|t (imperfесt) еsсot,еring up tinу2аs .For wеIlas соmplеtеir,' transfоrming fасеs,, eхp|аins Jodiе. 4methеЗiаttrасtof thеjob is itsсonstаnt - еасhphotоshооtprеsеnts (vаrу) а nеWсhа|lеngе. |tсan 5bе demаnding аt timеs,butthеstуlists аrеvеrу (hе|p)and pаtiеnt. thеmodеIs usuа|lу ТhеwоrkI do isvеrу 6(сrеаtе) (сount) аnd |'vеmаdeup 7fасеs. А|| 8(wondеr) in аIlit'sа сarееrl 5 (omplеtethe sentеnсеs with the сorrесtform of the wordsin brасkets. (photograph) 1 | hаdto tаkеa |оtof еquipmеnt withmеto thеfаshiоn shoоt. 2 Nаdiаwason|y] 5 whеnshеgothеrfirstmodе|ling (сontrасt). (sаtisfy)from З Jеnnagotа lotof hеrworkasаn аrсhitесt. (reасt) 4 WhаtwаsSеаn's to thе goodnеws? (аssign) 5 Тhеmodе||ing wаsfоrthrееdaуson a bеасhin thеСаribbean. (сommеrсе) 6 Тhеfi|mwаsа hugе suссеss. |t brokеаlIbox-offiсе rесords. Phrаsal verb6 '1-7with thе сorrесtform of these 6 CompIеtе sentenсеs phrasalverbs. * С?l.ГУ оn " dropoutof * fa||behindwith u fа||ovеr e $o on about * gooutwith * livеup to 1 Jеssiсa dесidеd сo||еgе аndtrаveI roundthе wor|dfоrа yеаr. 2 ТhеnеWspаpers сIаimеd thаtthеsupеrmodе| a famousасtor. 3 Thеath|еte fаi|еdhisrеoutаtion аsthеworId,s bеstsprintеr. 4 Аmуdidn'tеnjoythеiсе-skating trip.Shеthrее timеs. 5 Mаttis оbsеssеd withhisnеwmotorbikе. Hесаn it forhours. 6 Grеg working unti|midnight. He hаdan еXаm thе nextdау. jobstо pаyfor his 7 tхАark tоokon too manypаrt-timе сo||еgе training andsoon hisstudiеs аsa rеsu|t.

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Thе troublеdhistory оf ]rеlandbеgаnwith thе British invаsion in thе twеlfth сentury.The Еnglish bесаmеmorе pоwеrful аnd influеntiаlin thе сountry,аnd а long history of сoлf]iсt еnsued.]n thе fifteеnthсеntury,whеn Нелry VIJJ brokе аway from thе Popе аnd Саtholiсism,hе took сontrol оf сhurсh prоpеrtyin ]rе]аnd.RelаtionshipsbеtwееnCаtholiсsаnd Protеstаntsin ]relаndbесаmеdiffiсult аnd rеmаinеdsо, with Catho]iсsdeniedthе rights thаt Prоtеstаntsen;oyed.lrish а Саtholiсking Саtho]iсssupportеdаny аttеmptsto rе-еstаblish on thе throne of Еnglаnd.АlI thеsееvеntslеd to сonfliсts bеtwееnСаtholiсsаnd Protеstаnts_ а situаtionwhiсh hаs сontinuеdup tо thе рresentday in Northerл ]rеlаnd. ]n l92l, ]relаndwаs dividеd,iлtotwo pаrts аnd Northеrn ]rеlаndrеmаinеdpаrt of thе Unitеd Кingdom, whilе thе rеst o{ thе islаnd Ьесаmеthе first ]rish Freе Stаtе,lаtеr Еirе (in l937)' аnd finаlly thе Rеpubliс of ]relаndin l949.

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аnd answеrthе questions. Lookat thе mаpof IrеIand it? 1 Whаtimаgеs of lrеlandsUrround pеop|е what in tе|ling 2 HowsUСсеsSfU| аrеthе imаgеs it is? klndof сountrу Rеadthе two tеxtsaboutthе RepubIiсof lre|аndand answеrthе quеstions. Теxt] 1 Whеndid BritishruIebеginin lrеland? сonfliсt? 2 Whatpаrtdid HеnrуV|||plаyin thеAng|o-|гish of knоwnаsthеRеpubIiс bесomе 3 Whеndid Irе|аnd Irе|а nd? Iеxt2 thеimаgеof Irе|аnd to сhаnge 1 Whоhashе|pеd ||y? intеrnationa IrеIand? to disсovеr 2 Whois nowbеginning 3 Whatkindof сityis пub|inz yousеein fiIms? 4 WhеrеСanуoUfindthеIrе|аnd

]rеlаndis no lоngеr thе poorеstсountry in Еuropе.Today it,s сool to bе ]rish аnd, thаnksto Thе Сorrs, Bоyzonе,.\y'еstlifе aлd |J2, imаgеsof ]rеlаndаrе ЛoWwеll known in populаr сulturеасross thе globе.Todаy,s]rе]аndis а mоdеrn, progrеssivеЕuropеаnnаtioл whоsе есonomy is booming. But it is not oniy lrish еyсs thаt аrе smiling аs morе аnd more touristsdisсovеr]relаndfor thеmsе]vеs. Dublin is undоubtеdlythe spiritualаnd сulturalhеаrt of thе Еmеrаld]slе.Thе сity is riсh in histоry,frоm thе dаyswhеn Сеltiс tribеswалderеdthe pеаt bogs tо thе prеsеnt-daytrendy bаrs аnd night сlubs' Е]sеwhеrе,the сitiеs of Соrk, Gаlwаyаnd Limеriсk boаstthеir own сhаrms.Bцt it is out in thе rolling соuntrysidеthаt you саn find thе idylliс ]rеlаndof the moviеs.

Tаlkingaboutyourсountry Answеrthеsеquеstionsаboutуourсountrу. of Irеland 1 Howdoеsthеhistory of thе RepubIiс your with thаt оf own сountry? сompare situation 2 Whаtkindsof thingsаffесtthеесonomiс whеrеyouIivе? 3 Howmаnybigсitiеsarеthеrеin yourсoUntrу? in thеrеstof thе 4 Whаtimаgеdo уouthinkpеоp|е worIdhаveof yourсountry? to а wouldуoUrесommеnd 5 Whаttourist аttrасtions visitor to уourсоuntry? Ф

arаppitтess Disсuss thеsеo uеstions. . Сanwе rеаl|v |еаrnto bе hаppy? Why/Why nоt? о Whаtkindsоf thingsmаkеyoufееlhаppy? Rеadand сomp|еtе the quеstionnаirе on happinеss. Тhensay whаtyou thinkthе sсoresshowaboutyourattitudеto Iifе. А groupof Аmеriсanpsyсhiatrists lэе|ievеs thathappinеss praсtised сan be |еarnеd, andappliеdto any situation. Civе yoursеIf a sсore/on a sсaleof 1.10, forеaсh оuеstion. Аs you go throughthе day, do you aсtiveIyaim to be as happy as possiblе? Do you t akе r е s pon s i b i I i tfуo r y o u r I i f е ? Do you makе a poin t o f d o i n g o n е t h i n gwh i с h m akеsyo u happy eaсh day? Do you w or k t h r ou g hp ro l э |e mas n d g a i n k n o w|e dgеfr o m thеm? Do you gi ve w i t hou twa n t i n ga n y th i n 8i n rе tu r n ? А rе уou hon е stw i t h v o u rs е I af n d o th е r s ?

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/ Mаtсhing mауnotbеthеsаmеаsthosе .J Тhеwordsin thеquеstiоnS in thеtеxt.Rеаdеасhpаragrаph саrеfu||у аndundеrIinе thеinformаtion thаtgivеsуоuthесorrесt аПSWеr. З Readthе textsand answеrthе quеstions' Whiсhpеrsоnin thесаsеstudiеs. 1 сou|dn't Сompеte withsomеоnе thеуlоvеd? 2 dесidеd to аdoptа morеadu|tapproасh to things? 3 didn'tWantto fасеup to thеtruth? 4 rеfusеd tо tаkеpаrtin somеthing? 5 nеvеrhada sing|е frееmomеnt? 6 is notbotherеd bythеdiffiсuItiеs оf еvеrуdаy Iifе? Whiсhасtionp|аnsuggеsts thаtyou: putthеb|аmеon othеrpеople? 7 shouldn't B shouId сhаngе а diffiсu|t situаtion intoonethаttеaсhеs somеthing? уou 9 shouldmаkеa dесision notto bеаffесtеd bуthe nеgаtivе sidеof lifе? 10 shouldbеgеnеrous butnotеxpесt anyrеward? 11 shоuIdbeаb|еto admithowyoufее|? ,l2 putоffdoingthingsyouwantto do? shouldn't Ф

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11:i91"^: jo"'n,..'u..er if my f|аtmatеhаs usеd all thе hot d"".i. problem at WorK. *ut"r.,*u train is сanсеlIеd,or l havе a negativethings just the lеt й;;.";"; happеns,happеns.I good, likе the fееl mе mаke *o unа .г'inк of the thingsthаt lаUgn. mе mаkе й uu .v flаtmatесаn аI w аys powеrfu|tool you Тhе intеntionto Ltе happy is thе most by the ovеrwhelmеd bе to Ъasу ii,s сan havе' Without it, bad thingsin lifе.

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they еnjoy. Тhеу - .:: . . ' pе opl e mak е s u r е thеr, do things y o . r r аi t for n e хt r е а r. \е i t h е r s h o u l d u .

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..si startedgoing out with my girlfriend,Wе Wеre . :., ' ng prеsentsfor eaсh othеr.Тhe prob|emwas that . . -...,.Ь morе money than me so her prеsеntsWеrе d b u y s o m е t h i n g ' oe{q u a l valuе . . =. l l е l t pr е s sur i s е to . ]: ] L j l ]r е al Iуr е s е n ti n gi t . Е v е n tu a ||yl J, o s tm y t еmpеr . -еr that ii had to siop. We still eхсhangе gifts but ...'. l пr mоre |ikеlу to spoi| hеr with a home-сookеd

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