New Language Leader PreInterm Studentbook

9

]gmakty ho` ihjany 9.8 I[P[TK

I[P[TK GRRGTP[OAPQ

NA]PKOAOC

GRRGTP[OAPQ

0h  9.8   Nastko tg h jkktaoc dktwkko ]usho, h iuturgngcast, ho` Rhtrame, h dusaokss aovkstgr. Pame tfk iuturk mfhocks sfk `asmussks. 8  `gjkstam usk gi tkmfogngcy 4  ngockr navks =  usk gi tfk aotkrokt 0  pkgpnk wgreaoc irgj fgjk ;  nkasurk hmtavataks ho` trhvkn

AO PFA] [OAP CTHJJHT  C THJJHT  ho` jhy  igr  igr wann  , jacft  ho` prk`amtagos ﬈rst mgo`atagohn •

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 YGMHD[NHTQ oguos ho` vkrds (4) (mgosujkr  vs  vs mgosujk mgosujk  ) ihjany okchtavk h`lkmtavks (uo(uo- ho`  ho` -nkss nkss  ) •

0d  Nastko hchao ho` mgjpnktk Rhtrame‑s Rhtrame‑s ogtks.

• •

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o`   4  ho`

dgu u t  8  ko ` s hrk hdg Jhaao tr ko  Jh

]MKOHTAG Fhvaoc h `asmussago (kxprkssaoc gpaoago)

kr gpnnk g v kr  i pk  pkgp g i

ho   hh =  rk tf  tfho   , jggrk tajk , j khrs rs‑‑ ta Ao  8  8 ; ykh .  na v   v k 0  gpnk nk na pkgp  hn sg  sg pk  ;;  , , hn

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fho  o   ;    ;s t  tfh Ao  42  42=2, jgr k gv kr-9 ;s

]P[@Q ]EANN] Mratamhn tfaoeaoc •

STAPAOC ]EANN] h sfgrt hrtamnk (hoswkraoc h skt qukstago)

`hy y s fgna na`h jgr k fg hy s , jgr  gna` a`hy rk f  fgn otu urk `v kot  h`v   ho  o ` h  ty h  phr  ty Ik wkr   wkr  phr  . go  9  c.  oao  o c.  r`kkoa chr` tfk ch  tg `g tf  , , tg  , , tg  tg  6  tg  3    s< tg T gdgt gdgt s<

 ‖A eogw A whot tg fhvk mfan`rko wfank jy phrkots hrk stann yguoc kogucf tg thek mhrk gi tfkj.‑ Tath Tu`okr, 81;=” , [] mgjk`aho

Mur rko  Mur  rko  tn  tny y , r gdgt gdgt t  tkm kmffog ogng ngcy cy as  as      82   kw why  why s   h i kw  rtho  o  t ao  h i   pggrth aj p

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9.8

skotkomks ;d  Hoswkr tfksk qukstagos hdgut tfk skotkomks hdgvk. 8  Ao wfamf skotkomks as tfk spkhekr spkhekr mkrthao tfht fas/fkr a`kh hdgut tfk iuturk as truk7 4  Ao wfamf skotkomks as tfk spkhekr spkhekr nkss mkrthao7 mkrthao7 =  Sfht vkrd igrj `g ygu usk hitkr wann  , jacft ho` jhy  7 0  @g ygu ygu usuhnny usuhnny put put h`vkrds h`vkrds (k.c. (k.c. `k﬈oatkny )  dkigrk gr hitkr wann 7  @g ygu put tfkj dkigrk gr hitkr wgo‑t  7 

 Nhocuhck rkikrkomk ho` kxtrh prhmtamk, phcks 884”88= Nhocuhck

;m  Mgrrkmt tfk jastheks ao tfksk skotkomks. skotkomks. 8  Fk jacft jacft navks tg tfk hck gi gi 12. 4  Jhoy pkgpnk pkgpnk wann prgdhdny prgdhdny tg wgre irgj fgjk. =  A wann navk `k﬈oatkny ao jy gwo gwo mguotry. mguotry. 0  Pfkrk wgo‑t wgo‑t prgdhdny prgdhdny dk dac ihjanaks. ihjanaks. 9h  Sfht `g ygu tfaoe wann fhppko tg sgmakty ao 42 ykhrs‑ tajk7 Mfggsk tfk mgrrkmt wgr` tg mgjpnktk ygur prk`amtagos. 8 Jgrk / Ikwkr  pkgpnk  pkgpnk tfho ogw wann nkhvk jy mguotry tg ﬈o` wgre. 4  Rkgpnk wann `k﬈oatkny / jhy  spko`  spko` jgrk tajk usaoc tfk aotkrokt tfho whtmfaoc PY. = Jgrk / Ikwkr  pkgpnk  pkgpnk wann prgdhdny navk hngok.

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 ]RKHEAOC ]RKHEAOC 8  Hrk tfksk sthtkjkots truk hdgut ygur mguotry7 8  Rkgpnk rktark ht ht h yguockr yguockr hck tfho =2 ykhrs hcg. hcg. 4  Jgrk pkgpnk cg go fgna`hy hdrgh` tfho 42 ykhrs ykhrs hcg. =  Ogwh`hys, jhoy pkgpnk pkgpnk hrk usaoc usaoc rgdgts ao tfkar fgjks. 0  Jgst pkgpnk spko` jgrk jgrk tajk go go tfk aotkrokt aotkrokt tfho watf rkhn pkgpnk.

TKH@AOC

AIH watf h oguo gr  =m  Mgjpnktk tfas `ksmraptago gi tfk AIH vkrd irgj Kxkrmask =d.

Pfk AIH 8 p  p   iuturk trko`s ho` 4 h  h   dusaokss pkgpnk sg tfht tfky mho jhek cgg` = a  a   ho` 0  a    a tfkar mfhomks tg jhek h cgg` ; p  p   . Pfk AIH 9 h  h   eky `hth ho` 3 a  a   hdgut sgmakty, k.c. tfk hck gi 6 r  r   ho` 1 m  m   dkfhvagur, ho` at hnsg mgosa`krs wfht pkgpnk hrk naekny tg 82 o  o   .

.

 0m  Mgotkxtuhnasaoc aoigrjhtago @asmuss aoigrjhtago @asmuss ao crgups. 8 @gks ygur mguotry fhvk hoy gi tfk trko`s tfht ]usho `asmussks7 4 @g ygu tfaoe gn`kr pkgpnk whot tg trhvkn ho` cg go hmtavaty fgna`hys7 = Sfy `gks ]usho usk mruask sfaps hs sfaps hs ho kxhjpnk7 0 Sfht `g ygu tfaoe gi tfk tfrkk rgdgt kxhjpnks tfht sfk cavks7 ; Fgw as tfk aotkrokt ajpgrthot igr tfk kn`krny7

usks tfk aostatutk ho` ats 4h  Tkh` tfk h`vkrt dkngw. Sfg usks skrvamks< pgnatamahos, dusaokss pkgpnk gr hmh`kjams7 Sfy7 4d  Iao` wgr`s ao tfk tkxt tfht jkho< 8  sgjkgok wfg stu`aks tfk tfk iuturk 4  ihsfagos, gr mfhocks gvkr tajk =  sgjkgok wfg puts puts jgoky aotg h dusaokss 0  h mfhomk tg `g sgjktfaoc5 h pgssadanat y gi `gaoc sgjktfaoc

YGMHD[NHTQ OG[O] HO@ YKTD] (4) =h  Iao` tfk wgr`s ao tfk h`vkrt. Hrk tfky vkrds gr oguos7

mgosujkr aoigrjhtago prk`amtago ajprgvk hohnysas okk`s h`vamk

aovkstgr rktark prg﬈t

=d  Sfht hrk tfk vkrds igr tfk hdgvk oguos, ho` tfk oguos igr tfk hdgvk vkrds7 mgosujkr (oguo, pkrsgo)…  pkrsgo)…  09

Pfk Aostatutk gi  Iuturk Hohnysas

 AAIH IH 2612 ;09 112 www.aih.mg.ue

 Hrk ygu pnhooaoc igr tfk iuturk7 iuturk7

@g ygu eogw wfht‑s mgjaoc okxt7  Pfk wgrn` ho` ygur jhrekts hrk mgosthotny mfhocaoc. Sann tfk kn`krny dk tfk dac spko`krs gi tfk iuturk7 Sfko wann ja``nk-hck dkcao7 Sfko wann pkgpnk rktark7 Sfht wann tgjgrrgw‑s tkkohckrs whot tg duy7 Gur iuturgngcasts mho fknp ygu prg﬈t irgj tfk iuturk.

 Sk prgva`k< Sk aoigrjhtago hdgut iuturk trko`s ao sgmakty. prk`amtagos hdgut iuturk mgosujkr okk`s. hohnysas gi ygur mgjphoy ho` ats iuturk pnhos. h`vamk igr dusaokss aovkstgrs. Mhnn us ogw ho` ajprgvk ygur iuturk gppgrtuoataks.

Dhmecrguo` (crky `ajpnks) ]futtkrstgme 802636=63.lpc

CTHJJHT SANN  , JACFP  HO@ SANN  HO@ JHQ  IGT  IGT RTK@AMPAGO] ;h  9.4   Mgjpnktk tfk skotkomks dkngw irgj irgj tfk jkktaoc watf tfk wgr`s ao tfk dgx. Pfko nastko ho` mfkme.

`k﬈oatkny (x4) jacft wgo‑t prgdhdny

jhy

wann

8  Pfksk gn`kr pkgpnk navk igr jumf ngockr ” wk eogw tfht irgj tfk sthtastams. 4  Pfky navk uotan tfky‑rk 1;, gr kvko 822. =  Pfht wgo‑t dk cgg` igr dusaokss. 0  A‑j surk tfky fhvk jumf jgoky. ;  Pfksk pkgpnk wann okk` tfaocs tg `g watf tfas kxtrh tajk, igr surk.

0 pkgpnkmks wanndktwkko / wgo‑t tfk gn` hckpkgpnk gi ;;. wann ;   Jgst Pfk `aiikrkomks `aiikrko dktwkk o rktark yguochtho` wann prgdhdny dk crkhtkr dk crkhtkr / sjhnnkr. sjhnnkr.   9  Rkgpnk wann fhvk jgrk / nkss irkk nkss irkk tajk. 9d  Mgjphrk ygur a`khs watf h phrtokr, ho` kxpnhao ygur prk`amtagos. Sfamf gi tfk prk`amtagos hrk pgsatavk gr okchtavk igr ygur mguotry7

]RKHEAOC 3h  Jhek sgjk prk`amtagos igr tfk iuturk. Mfggsk tfrkk gr igur tgpams irgj tfas dgx. Sfht wann ygur naik, ygur mguotry ho` tfk wgrn` dk naek tko ykhrs irgj ogw7

k`umhtago ho` wgre tkmfogngcy ho` trhospgrt fkhntf ho` naikstynk spgrts ho` kotkrthaojkot dusaokss ho` trh`k

ohturk ho` tfk kovargojkot

3d  Ao sjhnn crgups, `asmuss ho` kxpnhao ygur prk`amtagos. Sfht prk`amtagos `a` ygu jhek hdgut … 7  7  A tfaoe A wann duy ho knkmtram mhr tfas ykhr gr okxt.  okxt.  Jgrk pkgpnk wann cg tg uoavkrsaty, ho` tfky jhy stu`y ao Kocnasf.  Kocnasf. 

STAPAOC 6  Sratk gok gr twg phrhcrhpfs hdgut ygur prk`amtagos igr ygur sgmakty ho` mguotry. [sk ygur a`khs ao Kxkrmask 3 tg fknp ygu pnho.

9  `kpko` Pfky go tfkar hnsgfkhntf. whot hmtavaty fgna`hys, dut tfht‑nn 3  Pfky wgo‑t cg duockk-lujpao duockk-lujpaoc. c. 03

J29WOKNNWMDWRAOCNDW69;2WJ29.ao`` 09-03

9.4

2;/ 23/428= 82