Necropsia Peces

 

JOHCY@N GN ONKYC][JD NO WY^KAD DYKCJYJ[ (Cokcrayokaus `yejss) JOWNFYDOWN[< Lcsê Hnrodogc Kdstrc Anroäognz.  rcM lgk. ng  ngu.kc.  lhkdst r YN[^@NO.

Bd dkujkubturd no ounstrc pdàs ad jokrn`notdgc gn hcr`d kcosjgnrdibn, bc qun ocs uijkd no uo pdàs kco rnpcrtns gn jokrn`notcs qun ado suijgc octcrjd`notn no nspnkjns kc`c trukad drkcàrjs, nstds kjhrds adkno qun bd nkcoc`àd `nlcrn, y `äs düo qun sn hcrtdbnzkd bd nxpbctdkjûo gn pnkns no ounstrc tnrrjtcrjc5 gn bd `js`d `donrd sn rnhbnld bd gn`dogd gnb kcosu`c gn pnkns kco nb pdsdr gn bcs dôcs, nstds kjhrds rnhbnldo qun bd pjskjkubturd ns uod nxpbctdkjûo rnotdibn no Kcbc`ijd, y td`ijêo sn d`pbàd d `nrkdgcs jotnrodkjcodbns. Nstd nxpbctdkjûo j`pbjkd uo `nocr gdôc d`ijnotdb, jokbusc sn adkn usc gn uo rnkursc nsnokjdb qun ns nb dfud, kc`c `ngjc gn gnsdrrcbbc gn nspnkjns dkuàkcbds, nb prcguktc prcguktc qun sn tjnon db hjodbjzdr, kcrrnsp kcrrnspcogn cogn d uo prcguktc kco `äs prctnàod, prctnàod, no kc`pdrdkj kc`pdrdkjûo ûo d bcs qun chrnkno bds nxpb nxpbctd ctdkjco kjcons ns kc`u kc`uons ons tnrrnstrns. Nb prcknsc gn nvdbudkjûo nvdbudkjûo gn kdbjgdg gn bd nxpbctdkjûo dkuàkcbd td`ijêo vd dkc`pdôdgd gn bd dprnkjdkjûo pcr `ngjc gn prunids, rnkcbnkkjûo gn gdtcs y onkrcpsjd. Nstn prcknsc ns ttrdsknognot rdsknognotdb db pdrd gdr uo gjdfoûstjk gjdfoûstjkc, c, c pdrd bd scbukjûo gn uo prcibn`d `êgjkc qun nstê dhnktdogc bd jotnfrjgdg gn bcs pnkns no prcgukkjûo. No gjkac prcknsc nb nsbdiûo knotrdb gn bd kdgnod bc kcohcr`d bd tc`d gn `unstrds, qun sn dkc`pdôd gn ctrds dktjvjgdgns kc`pbn`notdrjds kc`c dkcogjkjcod`jnotc y novàc db bdicrdtcrjc, oc sjnogc nstds tdrnds `nocs j`pcrtdotns j`pcrtdot ns qun bd kcbnktd `js`d gn bds `unstrds. Nstd anrrd`jnotd anrrd`jnotd gjdfocstjkd ns `uy j`pcrtdot j`pcrtdotn, n, yd qun gn nstd `donrd sn pungn fdrdotjzdr bd jockujgdg gnb prcguktc qun snrä gjspunstc pdrd nb kcosu`c (trukad drkcàrjs), dgn`äs pcgn`cs oc`irdr kc`c vjdibns bds nxpbctdkjcons qun gnsdrrcbbdo iunods präktjkds präktjkds no bd pjskjkubturd y dsà fdrdotjzdr nb ijnonstdr doj`db y bd snfurjgdg dbj`notdrjd. ]dbdirds kbdvn< ]dbdirds kbdvn< dbj`notdrjd.

Dkuj Dkujkubt kubturd, urd,

onkr onkrcpsjd cpsjd,,

truk trukad ad

drkcà drkcàrjs, rjs,

snfu snfurjgdg rjgdg

 

JOWYCG^KKJCO.

Bcs pnkns pnkns kcos kcostjtu tjtuyno yno uod rjkd huno hunotn tn prctnjkd prctnjkd onkn onknsdrj sdrjd d no bd dbj` dbj`not notdkjûo dkjûo au`dod, bc kudb ns kco kcockjgc ckjgc pcr nb pcibdg pcibdgcr cr y, gnij gnijgc gc d nstc y db nvjgnotn krnkj`jnotc gn bd pcibdkjûo, nb kcosu`c gn pnskdgc vd no du`notc luotc kco bd gn`dogd gn`d ogd fnon fnonrdgd rdgd pcr bd gjvnrs gjvnrsjgdg jgdg gn fustcs fustcs adkjd nb kcosu`c kcosu`c gn gjhnrno gjhnrnotns tns nspnkjns gn pnskdgc gn crjfno gn dfud gubkn. Kcbc`ijd pcsnn uods kcogjkjcons kbj`ätjkds y fncfrähjkds, qun hdvcrnkno nb kubtjvc gn nspnkjns kc`c bd trukad (Cokcrayokaus `yejss), `yejss), nstn ns uo `ctjvc pcr  nb kudb nstd nxpbctdkjûo sn jotnosjhjkd, `donldogc uo frdo oü`nrc gn trukads, sjo n`idrfc nstd jotnosjhjkdkjûo jotnosjhjkdkjûo `ukads vnkns tjnon kc`c kcosnkunok kcosnkunokjds jds gêhjkjts no uoc gn vdrjcs dspnktcs, pcr nln`pbc, bd `dbd dbj`notdkjûo, nb `db nstdgc gnb dfud, pckd cxjfnodkjûo, cxjfnodkjûo, y nb gnsdrrcbbc y bd prcpdfdkjûo gn pdtûfnocs pdtûfnocs qun dhnktdo bcs sjstn`ds sjstn`ds gn prcgukkjûo qun bunfc sn vnräo rnhbnldgds no bds b ds pnrgjgds nkcoû`jkds y no bd idld kdbjgdg gnb prcguktc. ]cr nbbc ns j`pcrtdotn rndbjzdr  nstugjcs dodtû`jkcs, ajstcpdtcbûf ajstcpdtcbûfjkcs jkcs y gnb `ngjc, pdrd bcfrdr jgnotjh jgnotjhjkdr jkdr sj ady dfno dfnotns tns qun nstä nstäo o dbtnr dbtnrdogc dogc nb ijno ijnonstd nstdrr gn bd prcguk prcgukkjûo kjûo gdogc gdogc kc` kc`c c prcibn`ät prci bn`ätjkd jkd uo prcguktc prcguktc hjodb no `dbds kcogjk kcogjkjcon jconss oc dptc pdrd kcos kcosu`c u`c au`doc. Nxjstno têkojkds kc`pbn`notdrjds db gjdfoûstjkc ajstcpdtcbûfjkc, qun no nb kdsc gn johnkkjcons idktnrjdods y vjrdbns pnr`jtno uod kbdsjhjkdkjûo `äs gntdbbdgd gn bcs pdtûfnocs. Notrn nstds têkojkds sn nokunotrdo bds gn tjpc `jkrcijcbûfjkc, no bd kudbns sn jotnotd nb djsbd`jnotc gn bds idktnrjds kdusdbns, kdusdbns, c bds gn ijcbcfà ijcbcfàd d `cbnkubdr `ngjdotn bds qun sn jgnotjhjkd fnoêrjkd c nspnkàhjkd`notn nb `dtnrjdb fnoêtjkc gnb `jkrccrfdojs`c no bcs tnljgcs c no bcs djsbd`jnotc. Bd nvdbudkjûo y nxpbcrdkjûo dodtû`jkd gnb kcoluotc gn ûrfdocs y tnljgcs ns uod anrrd`jnotd anrrd`jnot d huogd`not huogd`notdb db pdrd nb gjdf gjdfoûstjkc oûstjkc gn n nohnr`ngdgns ohnr`ngdgns c dbtnrdkjcons no pnkns. Nb cilntjvc gn nstn trdidlc hun nstugjdr dodtû`jkd`notn pcr `ngjc g n uod onkrcpsjd nb nstdgc gnb doj`db y sj adiàd pcsjibn nohnr`ngdg, tnojnogc kc`c rnbdkjûo nb bufdr gn prckngnokjd, gdogc kc`c rnsubtdgc sj nb bufdr nrd ûptj`c pdrd nstd nxpbctdkjûo dkuàkcbd. @DWNYJDBN[. Ajnbc. ]dpnb pnrjûgjkc. Nqujpc gn gjsnkkjûo. Nqujpc gn ijcsnfurjgdg pdrd jofrnsc dohjtndtrc (tdpdickds, fcrrc, ictds, cvnrcb, fudotns).

 

Kä`drd hctcfrähjkd. Bd`jods pcrtd y kuirn cilntcs. Wdrrc gn `unstrds. Jscpcs. Lnrjofds. Icbsds pdrd gjspcsjkjûo gn rnsjgucs.

@NWCGCBCFJD.

@ntcgcbcfàd gn onkrcpsjd snfüo Xäzqunz ‛ @dkadgc. 4. Wnonr nb ärnd gn trdidlc trdidlc kc`pbntd`notn kc`pbntd`notn bjstd kco tcgcs bcs `dtnrjdbns d gjspcsjkjûo pdrd nvjtdr kcotd`jodkjûo gn ounstrc pnz. 9. ^ijkd`cs nb pnz gnküijtc bdtnrdb gnrnkac, ttnojnogc nojnogc no kunotd qun nb pnz gnin qungdr kco bd kdinzd no nb `js`c bdgc gn ounstrd `doc jzqujnrgd y bd kcbd gnin qungdr adkjd ounstrd `doc gnrnkad pdrd su kcrrnktd jotnrvnokjûo.

KD[WYC, 9=94

 Db tnonr ounstrc ounstr c pnz, prj`nrc ci cisnrvd`cs snrvd`cs no quê kcogjkj kcogjkjcons cons sn nokunotrd, sj tnoàd bdknrdkjcons, gnskd`dkjcons, prnsnokjd gn fräoubcs y prnsnokjd gn `ukcsd dbtnrdgd. Nokcotrd`cs qun nb pnz oc kcrrnspcogàd d ojofuod gn bds dhnktdkjcons no bd pjnb. ;. [nfujgd`notn jotnrvnoj`cs nb pnz pdrd josnosjijbjzdrb josnosjijbjzdrbc, c, utjbjzd`cs uod kukajbbd pdrd notrdr no bd pjnb, y bunfc usd`cs uods tjlnrds gn puotd rc`d pdrd kcrtdr bd `ngubd nspjodb.

 

KD[WYC, 9=94

7. Bunfc, utjbjzdogc bds tjlnrds rntjrd`cs uod pdrtn gnb cpêrkubc, pdrd tnonr dkknsc d bds irdoqujds, gcogn nokcotrd`cs uo kcotnojgc kco pckc trdospdrnotn, td`ijêo nokcotrd`cs rnstcs gn kc`jgd, oc cituvj`cs adbbdzfcs docr`dbns.

KD[WYC, 9=94

>. Nstdogc cisnrvdogc bds irdoqujds, irdoqujd s, pugj`cs dprnkjdr qun oc adiàd ojofuod dbtnrdkjûo, tc`d`cs uod `unstrd gn bd irdoqujd, bc bdvd`cs kco hcr`cb y bunfc bc fudrgd`cs no uo tdrrc gn `unstrd pdrd snr dodbjzdgc no bdicrdtcrjc.

KD[WYC, 9=94

8. [nfujgc rndbjzd`cs uod jokjsjûo jokjsjû o gnsgn bd pdpjbd dodb, adstd bd pdrtn johnrjcr gnb cpêrkubc, hcr`dogc uod vnotdod, pdrd bunfc rntjrdrbd y pcgnr dprnkjdr bcs ûrfdocs jotnrocs gnb pnz.

 

KD[WYC, 9=94

]ugj`cs dprnkjdr bcs ûrfdocs jotnrocs `uy ijno uijkdgcs y gn iunod kcbcrdkjûo, oc auic ojofuod dbtnrdkjûo (aàfdgc, jotnstjocs, kcrdzûo, vnljfd, nstc`dfc).

6. Yndbjzd`cs bd nxtrdkkjûo gn bcs ûrfdocs gnb jotnrjcr db nxtnrjcr pdrd nvdbudr uoc d uoc y dprnkjdr sj ady dbfuod dbtnrdkjûo.

KD[WYC, 9=94

KD[WYC, 9=94

KD[WYC, 9=94

No nb jotnstjoc nokcotrd`cs kcoknotrdgc, oc auic docr`dbjgdgns.

 

No nb aàfdgc pugj`cs dprnkjdrbc kco uod iunod tcodbjgdg, oc prnsnotû ojofuod dbtnrdkjûo. No nb kcrdzûo nokcotrd`cs iunod `crhcbcfàd y nstrukturd y ijno sjtudgc, kudogc puokjcod`cs gn uod vnz irctc sdofrn.  Dbrngngcr gn bcs b cs jotnstjocs nokco nokcotrd`cs trd`cs frdsd rrcgndogc cgndogc bd jrrj jrrjfdkjûo fdkjûo gnb jotn jotnstjoc. stjoc. Nstdogc yd nvdbudgcs, snfuj`cs d tc`dr `unstrds y db`dknodr no bcs tdrrcs gn `unstrds `unstrds pdrds ssnr nr nvdbudg nvdbudgcs. cs.

KCOKB^[JCON[.

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[n pungn kcokbujr qun nb sjstn`d gn nxpbctdkjûo dkuàkcbd gnb kudb sn nstugjû pcr `ngjc gn onkrcpsjd bd oc trukad drkcàrjs ku`pbndocr`dbjgdg kco bcs nstäogdrns gn prcgukkjûo, yd qun prnsnotc ojofuod no bd hjodbjzdkjûo gnb prcguktc.

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[n kcokbuy kcokbuyn n qun bd o onkrc nkrcpsjd psjd ns u uod od anr anrrd`j rd`jnotd notd `uy j`pcr j`pcrtdot tdotn n pdr pdrd d bd nvdbudkjûo gn bd kdbjgdg gn vjgd qun bbnvdo bcs pnkns no su bufdr gn nxpbctdkjûo.

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[n pugc pugc kkcock cocknr nr y d dprnk prnkjdr jdr bds bds ns nstruk trukturd turdss do dodtû` dtû`jkds jkds gn bbd d ttrukad rukad drkcjrjs, dhjdozdogc y dgqujrjnogc `äs kcockj`jnotc, td`ijêo bd prdktjkd no nb `donlc gnb nqujpc gn gjsnkkjûo no nstcs vnrtnirdgcs.

 

YNHNYNOKJD[ IJIBJCFYDHJKD[.

Jrnfuj KD, Anroäognz N, Lj`êonz D], ]ubjgc ND, Yny DB. @doudb gn [dojgdg ]jskàkcbd. Icfctä GK (Kcbc`ijd)< Frupc gn Hjsjcpdtcbcfàd Xntnrjodrjd, @DGY5 9==7. Kdpàtubc >, ]rjokjpjcs pdrd bd Wc`d y Novàc gn @unstrds pdrd nb Gjdfoûstjkc Ajstcpdtcbûfjkc. (Kjnbc Dygnbà Bbnrnod \dvdbd , 9==6) . Xäsqunz-@dkadgc, F. @., ]nodfcs-Kdstrc, B. F., & Jrnfuj-Kdstrc, K. D. (9=44). Wêkojkd gn Onkrcpsjd y Wc`d gn @unstrds pdrd Ajstcpdtcbcfàd y @jkrcijcbcfàd no ]nkns. Ycgràfunz H, D. 4::1. ^btrdnstrukturd kjtcan`dtcbûfjkd gn bd trukad drkc jrjs Cokcrayokaus `yejss ([db`cojhcr`ns< sdb`cojgdn). ^ojvnrsjgdg gn Icfctä Lcrfn Wdgnc Bczdoc. Knotrc gn jovnstjfdkjcons kjnotàhjkds. [dotd Hê gn Icfctä, Kcbc`ijd.

 

HCY@^BDYJC DOD@ON[JKC ]DYD GJDFOÛ[WJKC JKWJC]DWCBÛFJKC  DODBJ[J[ HNKAD< 1- =:- 9=94 BCKDBJGDG< [crdkd - Icydkä ]YC]JNWDYJC< Lcsê Hnrodogc Kdstrc Anro roäogn äognz. z. WNBNHCOC

OC@IYN ;4;;;4;;18

N[]NKJN NO ]YCIBN@D< Wrukad drkcàrjs (Cokc Cokc rayo kaus `yej ss) NGDG GN BC[ ]NKN[ 4=`nsns O^@NYC GN DOJ@DBN[ [N@IYDGC[ GNO[JGDG WCWDB ]CBJK^BWJXC @COCK^BWJXCS Q DYND GNB N[WDOT^N ]YCH^OGJGDG CYJFNO GNB  DF^D HB^LC GNB DF^D (B/@JO^WC) DBJ@NOWC ]YC]CYKJCODGCS ]N[C ]YC@NGJC GN BC[ ]NKN[ ;== FY HYNK^NOKJD  DBJ@NOWC/GJD WD@DÔC GNB ]NBBNW KDYDKWNYJ[WJKD[ GNB ]YCIBN@D< Yntrdsc no nb krnkj`jnotc ( ) Idld `crtdbjgdg ( ) Dbtd `crtdbjgdg ( ) HNKAD NO BD K^DB [N ]YN[NOWDYCO BD[ ]YJ@NYD[ @CYWDBJGDGN[ ACYD[ D BD[ K^DBN[ [N ]YN[NOWDO BD[ @CYWDBJGDGN[ @CYWDBJGDGN[ GJDYJD[ (% GN BD ]CIBDKJCO) @NGJKD@NOWC[ ^WJBJ\DGC[ G^YDOWN BD NOHNY@NGDG GC[J[ Z HYNK^NOKJD GN  DG@JOJ[WYDKJCOS NHJKDKJD GNB @NGJKD@NOWC NO KCOWYCB GN BD @CYWDBJGDG   KCOGJKJCON[ HJ[JKC-T^J@JKD[ GNB  DF^D (`drkdr kco kc o Q kudogc kcrrn kcrrnspcogd) spcogd) Kbdrd ( ) Wurijd pcr idrrc ( ) Xnr Xnrgn gn irjbbdotn ( ) Ycld hunrtn no supnrhjkjn ( ) Cskurd ( ) Ibdoqunkjod ( ) Ctrd ( ) @ngjgd gnb Gjskc [nkaj (k`s) Acrd gn `ngjgd Wn`pnrdturd   pA Cxàfnoc gjsunbtc Ctrds `ngjkjcons< `ngjkjcon s< Gurnzd D`cojc

 kudogc kcrrnspcogd) Gjstrjiukjûo KCOGJKJCON[ BC[ ]NKN[ (`drkdrno kco ocr`db no nb GN nstdoqun ( ) Dfrupdgcs bcsQ

 

kcstdgcs gnb nstdoqun ( ) Dfrupdgcs knrkd gn bd notrdgd gnb dfud ( ) Dfrupdgcs knrkd gnb gnsdfun ( ) Gjstrjiujgcs adkjd bd supnrhjkjn gnb dfud ( ) Icqundogc ( )  Dspnktc ocr`db ( ) ]êrgjgd ]ê rgjgd gnb dp dpntjtc ntjtc ( ) Kco snôdbns gn bntdr bntdrfjd fjd ( ) Odgc no nspjrdb ( ) Odgdogc gn bdgc ( ) Kdynogc db hcogc ( ) [dbtdogc hunrd gnb dfud ( ) Hbctdogc sjo ru`ic ( )Kco `cvj`jnotcs nspds`ûgjkcs ( ) Kco snôdbns gn dfctd`jnotc ( ) Hrctäogcsn kcotrd nb hcogc c bds pdrngns gnb nstdoqun ( ) Hdbtd gn nqujbjirjc snôdbns gn kc`pcrtd`jnotc docr`db (snôdbdr)