NCP

 

ABJQJQBLH IHDOZQ QZ@HU ^ LHUZU OHDQZD@

ABUZUZD CIJG ? H]ZF ARHG ]HQDHUH]B [;0858888;;1

LJFJDQJ]BHD LJUJGHQHD ]J[ZMIBL BDACDJUBH [CIBQJLDBL LJUJGHQHD RC@RHLH]QH OZ]ZUHD @B_B QHGZD =;85

 

LHUZU Qd. B@, ufur 1: thgud, pjljroh wbrhswhsth. Fhsul ]U LZ ? ijfhg, EF, ajd`hd ljiughd dyjrb uiu ghtb, ahah tjrhsh phdhs abrhshlhd ghfpbr sjtbhp ghrb lurhd` ijmbg sjihfh 5; fjdbt, ahd abrhshlhd sjfhlbd gjmht. ][A ? pjrdhg fjd`hihfb ghi sjruph > muihd yii ahd rbrhwht ab ]U Pcdcshrb. Abh`dcsbs acltjr ? UQJFB Bdnjrbcr. Hddtrcpcfjtrb QM ? 80; ef, MM ? >0 ef. Ghsbi ihmcrhtcrbuf ? E[L/EL ? 8082 Z/I (D ? 51-81:), ELFM ? 857 Z/I (D ? 9=:), Qrcpcdbd ? :,:1 (D ? ;.8), H[QQ ? :>,0 sje (D ? ==,1). Qjdsb 87;/8=; ffG`, ]jspbrhsb ? =;x/fdt. Hsuphd fhlhd sjghrb yii ? J ? 72,== %, [ ? >5,1 %, I ? :1,== %, LG ? 22,0 %. ]bwhyht fhlhd ? fhlhdhd uthfh =-5x/gr, fhlhdhd pclcl ? dhsb K=;; `, IG ? hyhf ? =5x/f`` K:; `, ID ? thgu/tjfpj ? =x/gr, shyur phibd` absulhb mjdbd` mhyhf 5 5-1x/f``, -1x/f``, muhg ?  ohrhd` 8-=x/f``. Auiu sulh fbduf fbdufhd mjrjdjr`b, scnt arbdl. Udhel ? fhlhdhd yhd` abrjmus/abmhlhr, fbshidyh umb-umbhd. Uusudihg rjdehdh pjihyhdhd abjtdyh.

B.  BAJDQBQHU  Dhfh

? Qd. B@

Zsbh

? 1: thgud

Ujx

? Ihlb-ihlb

BB.  UL]BDBD@

Dc

Bdablhtcr

8

[jrumhghd mjrht mhahd

-

=

Dhnsu fhlhd mjrlurhd`

-

5

Ljsuibthd fjd`udyhg hthu fjdjihd

-

1

Fuhi fudthg

-

:

Abhrj / lcdstbphsb

-

>

Hijr`b / bdtcijrhd zht `bzb

-

0

Abjt Lgusus

+

7

Jdtjrhi / phrjdtjrhi

-

 

2

Ujruf himufbd ahrhg

-

OZFIHG

8

Ljsbfpuihd ? Qd.W mjrjsblc Qd.W mjrjsblc fhidutrbsb fhidutrbsb ↝ fjfjriulhd fjfjriulhd tjrhpb abjt abjt lgusus yhbtu abjt ohdtud` BB ahd rjdahg `hrhf

BBB.  DZQ]BQBCD HUUJUFJDQ HUUJUFJDQ

Hdtgrcpcfjtry

-  QM 6 80; ef -  MM 6 >0 l` -  Uthtus @bzb 

-  BFQ 6

()

6

 

>0 =,72

87,:; ―  ==,2;)  ==,2;) ↝ Uthtus @bzb 6 6 =5,187 (D? 87,:; ―  `bzb ijmbg -  MMB 6 (QM-8;;) ―  (QM-8;;) ―  8;%(QM-8;;)  8;%(QM-8;;) 6 (80; - 8;;) ―  8;;) ―  8;%(80;  8;%(80; - 8;;) 6 0; ―  0; ―  0,;  0,; 6 >5 l` Mbclbfbh

-  E[L/EL ? 8082 Z/I ↝ Qbd``b ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? 51 ―  51 ―  81:  81: Z/I) -  ELFM ? 857 Z/I ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? 9 =: Z/I) -  Qrcpcdbd ? :,:1 ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? ;.8)

-  H[QQ ? :>,0 sje ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? ==,1 sje) Eibdbe

-  LZ ? ijfhg -  EF -  Ljiughd dyjrb uiu ghtb -  Ahah tjrhsh phdhs abrhshlhd ghfpbr sjtbhp ghrb lurhd` ijmbg sjihfh 5; fjdbt, ahd abrhshlhd sjfhlbd gjmht -  Qjdsb 87;/8=; ffG` ↝ Qbdd`b (Dcrfhi ? 8=;/7; ffG`)

 

-  ]jspbrhsb ? =;x/fdt -  ? J ? 72,== %, [ ? >5,1 %, I ? :1,== %, LG ? 22,0 %.

Abjthry Gbstcry

]bwhyht fhlhd ? fhlhdhd uthfh =-5x/gr, fhlhdhd  pclcl ? dhsb K=;; `, `, IG ? hyhf ? =-5x/f`` K:; K:; `, ID ? thgu/tjfpj ? =x/gr, shyur phibd` absulhb mjdbd`  mhyhf 5-1x/f``, muhg ? ohrhd` 8-=x/f``. Auiu sulh fbduf fbdufhd mjrjdjr`b, scnt arbdl. Udhel ? fhlhdhd yhd` abrjmus/abmhlhr, fbshidyh umb-umbhd -  Abh`dcsbs acltjr ? UQJFB Bdnjrbcr

Fjabehi ]jecra

B^.  DZQ]BQBCD ABH@DCUBU ABH@DCUBU

Acfhbd

[rcmijf

Jtbcic`b J ? 72,== %, [ ? >5,1  

Ub`d

%, I ? :1,== %, LG ? 22,0 %.  DB-:.:

Ljtbahlsjbfmhd`hd

  Uulh fbduf



zht `bzb

fbdufhd mjrjdjr`b,

UQJFB Bdnjrbcr

scnt arbdl

  Ohrhd` fhlhd shyur-



shyurhd ahd muhg

 DB-::.=

Ljijmbghd bdtjl fbdjrhi Dh

Uulh fbduf fbdufhd

Qjdsb 87;/8=; ffG` ↝ Qbdd`b

 mjrscah

(Dcrfhi ? 8=;/7; ffG`) BFQ 6

Uulh fbduf fbdufhd  DE-5.5

Mjrht mhahd ijmbg

 mjrjdjr`b, scnt arbdl

 ()

 6

>0 =,72

6 =5,187 (D? 87,:; ―  87,:; ―   ==,2;) ↝ Uthtus @bzb 6 `bzb ijmbg - E[L/EL ? 8082

[jrumhghd dbihb  DE-=.=

ihmcrhtcrbuf

@hd``uhd nud`sb ohdtud`

Z/I ↝ Qbd``b ↝ Qbd``b

 

(Dcrfhi ? 51 ―  51 ―   81: Z/I) - ELFM ? 857 Z/I ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? 9 =: Z/I) - Qrcpcdbd ? :,:1 ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? ;.8) - H[QQ ? :>,0 sje ↝ Qbd``b (Dcrfhi ? ==,1 sje)

^.   DZQ]BQBCD BDQJ]^JDQBCD BDQJ]^JDQBCD [IHDDBD@

Qjrhpb Abjt

? Abjt Ohdtud` BB ahd ]jdahg @hrhf

Mjdtul Fhlhdhd

? Iudhl  

]cutj

? Crhi

8.  Quouhd Abjt -  Fjfmjrblhd fhlhdhd sjeulupdyh thdph fjfmjrhtlhd ljroh ohdtud` -  Fjdurudlhd tjlhdhd ahrhg -  Fjdurudlhd mjrjt mhahd phsbjd sjerh mjrthghp gbd``h fjdehphb dcrfhi -  Fjdurudlhd dbihb ihmcrhtcrbuf E[L,ELFM, Qrcpcdbd ahd H[QQ. =.  Uyhrht Abjt -  Jdjr`b sjsuhb ljmutughd ljmutughd yhbtu sjmjshr ===2,7: llhi llhi . -  [rctjbd yhbtu 8 `/llMM -  Ijfhl =:% ahrb tcthi jdjr`b -  Lhrmcgbarht sbsh ljmutughd jdjr`b tcthi ablurhd`b ajd`hd prctjbd abthfmhg ajd`hd ijfhl

 

-  Abmjrblhd fhlhdhd iudhl , fuahg abejrdh ahd tbahl fjdbfmuilhd `hs. -  @hrhf rjdahg =-5 `/ghrb -  ^bthfbd ahd fbdjrhi eulup -  Ujrht eulup -  Ehbrhd eulup ¸ = ibtjr/ghrb sjsuhb ajd`hd ljmutughd

 Dutrbtbcd Bdtjrvjdtbcd Fjdurut Ghrrbs Mjddjabet

  MF]



6 >>,: + (85,0 x MM) + (: x QM) ―  QM) ―  (>,7  (>,7 x Z) 6 >>,: + (85,0 x >5) + (: x 80;) ―  80;) ―  (>,7  (>,7 x 1:) 6 >>,: + 7>5,8 + 7:; ―  7:; ―  5;>  5;> 6 8105,> llhi

  Lcrjlsb ufur



6( 6(

∝5;

 x =%) x MF]

8; 1:∝5; 8;

 x =%) x 8105,>

6 11,=8

  Qcthi Jdjr`b



6 (MF] (MF] ―   ―  lcrjlsb  lcrjlsb ufur) x Nhltcr hltbvbths x Nhltcr strjs 6 (8105,> ―  (8105,> ―  11,=8)  11,=8) x 8,5 x 8,= 6 81=2,52 x 8,:> 6 ===2,7: llhi

  [rctjbd



6 i `/l`MM 6 8 Ð >0 6 >0 `rhf 6 877 llhi

  Ijfhl



6 =:% x ===2,7: llhi 6 ::0,1> llhi/2 6 >8,21 `rhf

  LG



6 ===2,7: ―  ===2,7: ―  (::0,1>  (::0,1> + 877) 6 8171,52 llhi/1 6 508,= `rhf

 

^B.  [J]JDEHDHHD FJDZ Qjrihfpbr

Jaulhsb 8.  [jrfhshihghd

  [jdyhlbt ohdtud`



  Gbpjrtjdsb



=.  Quouhd

  H`hr phsbjd fjd`jthgub tjdthd` abjt yhd` abohihdb



  H`hr phsbjd fjd`jthgub fhlhdhd yhd` abpjrmcijglhd ahd yhd` tbahl



abpjrmcijglhd

  Fjpjrmhblb pcih fhlhd ahd ljmbhshhd fhlhd phsbjd



5.  Uhshrhd ? phsbjd ahd ljiuhr`h 1.  Phltu ? 8: ―  8: ―  =;  =; fjdbt :.  Qjfpht ? pcib `bzb >.  Fjtcaj ? lcdsjibd` ahd thdyh ohwhm 0.  Fjabh hthu hiht mhdtu ? ijhnijt, ncca fcaji, MF 7.  Fhtjrb

  Fjdojihslhd tjdthd` pjdyhlbt ohdtud` ahd gbpjrtjdsb.



  Fjdojihslhd fjd`jdhb thth ehrh ahd pjihlshdhhd abjt h`hr tjrehphb tuouhd abjt



  Fjdojihslhd ljphah phsbjd tjdthd` fhlhdhd yhd` mcijg ahd tbahl mcijg



abfhlhd cijg phsbjd

 



Fjd`hdourlhd phsbjd udtul fjd`gbdahrb fhlhdhd yhd` fjd`hdaud` `hs

  Fjdojihslhd tjdthd` pcih gbaup sjght



[hrhfjtjr yhd` abfcdbtcr 8.  [jrumhdghd ghsbi uob ihm (E[L, ELFM, Qrcpcdbd, ahd H[QQ) gbd``h fjdehphb dbihb dcrfhi =.  Mjrlurhd`dyh ljiughd ijfhg, EF, ajd`hd ljiughd dyjrb uiu ghtb, ahd ahah tjrhsh  phdhs 5.  Hsuphd fhlhd pjrghrb

 

FCDBQC]BD@ AHD J^HIZHUB

  [jrumhdghd ghsbi uob ihm (E[L, ELFM, Qrcpcdbd, ahd H[QQ) gbd``h fjdehphb dbihb



dcrfhi

  Mjrlurhd`dyh ljiughd ijfhg, EF, ajd`hd ljiughd dyjrb uiu ghtb, ahd ahah tjrhsh



 phdhs

  Hsuphd fhlhd pjrghrb



]JLCFJDAHUB

  [jriu abtjlhdlhd fjd`jdhb pjrbihlu phsbjd ahihf fjdohihdlhd abjt h`hr tjrehphb



tuouhd abjt

  [jriu abtjlhdlhd pcih gbaup sjght



  Fjd`hdourlhd phsbjd udtul tbahl fjd`lcdsufsb fhlhdhd yhd` fjd`hdaud` `hs



  Fjd`hdourlhd phsbjd udtul fjdhhtb thth ehrh ahd prcsjaur pjihlshdhhd abjt.



  Fjd`hdourlhd phsbjd fjd`urhd`b lcdsufsb `hrhf fbshidyh scnt arbdl h`hr tjrehphb



tjlhdhd ahrhg yhd` dcrfhi