Natural Science 2 Rr
Short Description
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Description
PRIMARY
Natural Science TEACHER’S RESOURCE BOOK
PRIMARY
Natural Science TEACHER’S RESOURCE BOOK
TEACHER’S RESOURCE BOOK Natural Science 2 is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Primary Education department at Santillana, under the supervision of Teresa Grence Ruiz.
PRIMARY
Natural Science WRITER Caroline Cooke MANAGING EDITOR Sheila Tourle PROJECT EDITOR Geona Edwards EDITOR Vassilia Katte PROOFREADING Saffron Frankland James Price
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
1
Contents Nombre
Fecha
Introduction...........................................................................................................III
Worksheets Reinforcement......................................................................................................... 6 Extension.............................................................................................................. 24 Assessment........................................................................................................... 42 Investigate!............................................................................................................ 60 Science songs....................................................................................................... 69
Answer keys........................................................................................................ 78
Introduction
The Natural Science 2 Teacher’s Resource Book provides a wide variety of photocopiable worksheets designed to broaden and reinforce the concepts covered in the Natural Science 2 Student’s Book and Natural Science 2 Teacher’s Book. The worksheets allow a flexible approach in the classroom. Students in the same class can be given different worksheets according to their level: stronger students can expand on the material learnt in class, and students needing more support can use the worksheets to revise when necessary. Students can also work together to complete the tasks with stronger peers. Teachers with more contact hours can make use of the photocopiable materials as and when they need to. They can be used for revision purposes, for extension practice, as progress tests, for assessment or for homework. There are five categories of worksheets: Reinforcement, Extension, Assessment, Investigate! and Science songs. The Answer keys are provided at the back of the book.
Worksheets Reinforcement, Extension and Assessment worksheets
We are all different
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
We are all different
1
Date
REINFORCEMENT
Name
Colour the main parts of the body.
1
1
Date
Look at the children and write.
How are they different? head
red
There are Reinforcement, Extension and Assessment worksheets for each unit. These worksheets are a flexible tool which can be used after the relevant sections of the Student’s Book.
Maia
trunk
blue
yellow
How are they feeling? Match and write.
Look at the girl and classify the parts of the body.
hair
Depending on the level of the students, they can complete the worksheets with or without consulting their Student’s Books, in the classroom or at home.
How are they similar?
Clara 2
2
Yang
limbs
sad
happy
angry
forehead
chin
thorax
arm
abdomen
hand leg
foot
3
What makes you scared? Tick (✓).
head trunk
feliz
limbs
6
There are nine double page Reinforcement worksheets. They are designed to provide additional support for students in need of further practice.
Natural Science 2
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We are all different
EXTENSION
Name
agradecido
We are all different
1
EXTENSION
Name 1
Everybody grows up and changes. Our bodies change as we grow. Children grow very fast. Adolescents grow more slowly. At this stage there are more differences between boys and girls. Adults do not grow more, but when they are old they get grey hair.
7
Natural Science 2
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Date
We grow and change
There are nine double page Extension worksheets. They can be used for fast finishers or to further expand on the material covered in class.
molesto
1
Date
Look at the pictures of David. How is he different today? Write.
David – 2 years old
David – 10 years old
David – 16 years old today
As we grow up we also become more experienced. We learn new things all our lives.
1
2
How are they feeling? Draw the clowns’ faces.
3
Draw your friend and write.
Write T (true) or F (false).
Children grow fast. Adults grow very fast.
He’s happy.
Old people get grey hair. We learn new things when we are children and adults. 2
Name: Surname: Date of birth: Age: Description:
Look at the picture above and write the stages.
adolescent
old age
He’s sad.
adult
bab¥ 24
We are all different
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
We are all different
1
Date
Match.
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
1
Date
Read and circle.
We all have different / the same physical features. We all have different / the same rights.
arm
We all have the right to go to school / have a lot of toys.
hand 2
leg
2
Match and write.
angry
foot
happy
sad
surprised
Read and complete the index card.
Name: Surname: My name is Sally Hunter. I was born in London on the 20th August 2007.
3
Date of birth:
3
How are they feeling? Look and complete.
Place of birth:
Thifi gir¬ ifi ƒæelin@ ∫¶caußæ s™æ ca>ª† swiµ.
Put the people in order of age. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Thifi bo¥ ifi ƒæelin@ ∫¶caußæ ™æ wo> å footbal¬ matc™. 42
IV
Natural Science 2
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Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
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Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
Assessment worksheets There are nine double page Assessment worksheets per unit. These worksheets can be given to students once the unit has been completed, to evaluate progress or as a revision test.
We are all different / the same.
head trunk
Natural Science 2
43
25
Investigate! worksheets
We are all different
iNveStigate
Name
1
Date
Everybody is different!
The nine Investigate! worksheets provide additional opportunities for students to carry out simple investigative tasks either in the classroom or at home.
1
Look carefully at the tips of your fingers. Can you see the wavy lines on them? These lines form your fingertips.
Do your friends look after their bodies? Ask and write Yes or No.
Everybody has got different fingertips. Even identical twins are not completely identical. They have got the same eyes, the same nose and the same mouth, but different fingerprints! The police use fingerprints a lot. Fingerprints help the police to identify people and solve crimes.
1
Choose the best answer. Tick (✓).
the text is about… fingers.
2
eyes.
fingerprints.
Write T (true) or F (false).
everybody has got the same fingerprints. identical twins are completely identical. the police use fingerprints a lot to identify people.
3
Experiment!
Put some ink on the tip of one of your fingers. then, put your finger on a piece of paper and press. Look at your friend’s fingerprint. are your fingerprints the same? Yes.
No.
think of other ways you are different to your friends. 60
The senses and movement
SCIENCE SONGS
Name 1
2 1
Date
What does the song say? Tick (✓) or cross (✗).
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Science songs worksheets There are seven Science songs worksheets to complement the songs recorded on the Class Audio CD. The songs can be used with these worksheets or played as background music while students work in class.
Our bones help us move and turn. Our bones help us breathe. Our bones protect our organs. Our heart always beats. The heart is a great machine. 2
Natural Science 2
Listen and answer.
What helps us breathe?
Ou®
.
What helps us move and turn?
Ou®
.
What protect our organs?
Ou®
.
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Natural Science 2
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Answer keys
Answer keys
1
They are provided at the back of this Teacher’s Resource Book.
WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT
REINFORCEMENT
3. Look at the skeleton and answer the questions.
Page 6
The humerus, the ulna and the radius join together at the elbow. The femur, the fibula and the tibia join together at the knee.
1. Colour the main parts of the body. (Ss colour the head red, the trunk blue and the limbs yellow.) 2. Look at the girl and classify the parts of the body. head → hair, forehead, chin. trunk → thorax, abdomen. limbs → arm, hand, leg, foot.
Page 9 1. Find and circle five muscles. calf muscle; biceps; gluteus; abdominal; pectoral.
Page 7
2. Read and write T (true) or F (false). F; T; F; T; T.
1. Look at the children and write. Model Answer (M.A.): different: Maia and Clara are girls. Yang
3. Unscramble the sentences. Then, correct the false sentence. You should wash your hands before you
is a boy. Maia has got dark skin. Yang and Clara have got light skin. Etc. similar: They are all children. They have got hair / two eyes. Etc.
watch TV. You should sleep at least ten hours every night. You should use suntan cream when it is very sunny. (Ss correct the first sentence.): You should wash your hands before you eat.
2. How are they feeling? Match and write. (Ss write in order: happy, angry, sad.) 3. What makes you scared? Tick (✓). Open Answer (O.A.) 2
THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
Page 8 1. Look and write the sense they are using. taste; sight; touch; hearing; smell. 2. What are bones like? Tick (✓). Bones are hard and rigid.
78
3
NUTRITION
Page 10 1. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. People need air, food and water to live. To be healthy, we need to eat healthy food and breathe clean air. 2. Label the picture. clockwise, from top left: nose; trachea; lungs; mouth.
Natural Science 2
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We are all different Name 1
REINFORCEMENT
1
Date
Colour the main parts of the body.
head
red
trunk
blue
limbs
yellow
2
Look at the girl and classify the parts of the body.
hair
forehead
chin
thorax
arm
abdomen
hand leg
foot
head trunk limbs
6
Natural Science 2
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We are all different
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
1
Date
Look at the children and write.
How are they different? Maia
Yang
How are they similar?
Clara 2
How are they feeling? Match and write.
sad
happy
angry
3
What makes you scared? Tick (✓).
feliz
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molesto
agradecido
Natural Science 2
7
The senses and movement
REINFORCEMENT
Name
2
Date
1
Look and write the sense they are using.
2
What are bones like? Tick (✓).
Bones are…
3
hard.
soft.
elastic.
rigid.
Look at the skeleton and answer the questions. skull
Which bones join together at the elbow? humerus
rib
ulna radius
Which bones join together at the knee? femur
fibula tibia
8
Natural Science 2
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The senses and movement
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
2
2
Date
Find and circle five muscles.
c
a
l
f
m u
s
c
l
e
k
b
i
c
e
p
s
z
x
t
j
h
q
g
l
u
t
e
u
s
a
b
d
o m
i
n
a
l
w
f
r
p
e
t
o
r
a
l
c
Read and write T (true) or F (false).
Your muscles support and protect your body. Muscles cover your skeleton. Your joints connect your muscles to your bones. They are soft and elastic. They can stretch and contract. 3
Unscramble the sentences. Then, correct the false sentence.
should / your / before / You / wash / watch / hands / TV / you.
sleep / ten / every / hours / night / You / at least / should.
use / when / should / You / suntan / it / is / cream / sunny / very.
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Natural Science 2
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Nutrition
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
3 1
Date
Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
healthy fast air sweets food water dirty clean
Peop¬æ næe∂
,
an∂
to li√¶. To ∫¶ ™ealth¥, ∑¶ næe∂ to ea† an∂ b®eat™æ ai®. 2
foo∂
Label the picture.
lungs mouth trachea nose
3
Write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentence.
You breathe in air through your nose and your mouth. When you breathe in, your chest grows bigger. When you breathe in, you absorb oxygen. When you sleep, you don’t breathe.
10
Natural Science 2
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Nutrition
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
3
Date
Read and circle.
Food goes into your mouth / oesophagus. You chew food with your teeth / tongue. Your hands / tongue helps mix the food with water / saliva. Then, food goes down your oesophagus / neck and into your feet / stomach. 2
Look at the food pyramid and answer the questions.
Food you should only eat occasionally.
Food you should eat several times a week.
Food you should eat several times a day.
Write three foods you should eat several times a week.
Write three foods you should only eat occasionally.
Write three foods you should eat every day.
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Natural Science 2
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Plants
REINFORCEMENT
Name
Date
1
Circle the living things.
2
Write the parts of the plant.
3
Read and match.
12
4
The roots
are inside the fruits.
The stem
transports the nutrients around the plant.
The leaves
fix the plant to the ground.
The seeds
absorb sunlight and air.
Natural Science 2
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Plants
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
Date
Read and match.
grasses
They have got long, hard, thick stems, called trunks.
2
4
bushes
trees
They are small and have got soft, thin stems.
They have got short, hard trunks.
How do plants reproduce? Read and write 1, 2, 3 and 4.
1. A seed falls to the ground. 2. The seed germinates and a plant grows. 3. With water, sun and air, the plant grows and blooms. 4. The flowers produce fruit with seeds.
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Natural Science 2
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Animals
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
5
Date
Write T (true) or F (false).
Vertebrates have got an internal skeleton. Invertebrates have got an internal skeleton. A spider is an invertebrate. Some invertebrates can fly. A frog is a vertebrate. 2
3
Look and write vertebrate or invertebrate.
Write the parts of the insect.
head
body
antenna
leg
wing
an†ennå 14
Natural Science 2
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Animals Name 1
5
REINFORCEMENT
Date
What kind of animal is it? Tick (✓) the characteristics.
A cow is a vertebrate
an invertebrate
It is viviparous
oviparous
It has got hair
feathers
It is a mammal
a bird
It is viviparous It has got fur It is a mammal
. scales a fish
An eagle is a vertebrate
. an amphibian
an invertebrate
oviparous feathers a bird
.
scales a fish
an amphibian
Which of these groups of animals are invertebrates? Colour.
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.
.
3
birds
a reptile
.
How do amphibians reproduce? Look and write 1, 2, 3 and 4.
.
.
2
mammals
a reptile
insects
amphibians
reptiles
fish
Natural Science 2
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Ecosystems
REINFORCEMENT
Name
6
Date
1
Where do these animals live? Match.
2
Read and write the words.
rocks pine trees eagle water grass An ecosystem is made up of living things and non-living things. A mountain ecosystem
Non-living things
snow
mountain
bushes
deer
Living things
fox
16
Natural Science 2
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Ecosystems
REINFORCEMENT
Name
6
Date
1
Colour the living things in this ecosystem.
2
Look and tick (✓) the characteristics of this ecosystem. Then, answer the questions.
This is an aquatic ecosystem. This is a terrestrial ecosystem. This is salt water. This is fresh water. What living things are there in this ecosystem?
What non-living things are there in this ecosystem?
3
Read and match.
Living things depend on each other for food and form Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
an ecosystem. a food chain. Natural Science 2
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Materials
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
7
Date
Look and classify the materials.
wool
glass
clay
paper
wood
plastic
natural materials man-made materials
2
Read and tick (✓) the correct option.
A resistant material… can bend without breaking. can support heavy weights. An elastic material… cannot stretch or break. can stretch and return to its original shape. A flexible material… can bend without breaking. breaks easily when we bend it. 18
Natural Science 2
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Materials
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
7
Date
What materials are these objects made of? Why? Write.
glass flexible rubber transparent cotton elastic
A w™æe¬ ifi ma∂æ øƒ i† ifi .
∫±caußæ
A window ifi ma∂æ øƒ ∫±caußæ i† ifi
.
A T-shir† . 2
Which object is heavier? Look and circle.
3
What do you use to measure things? Match. Then, read and complete.
a ruler
a jug of water
scales
To measure the weight of an object we use
.
To measure the volume of an object we use
.
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Natural Science 2
19
Forces and energy
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
8
Date
Which force moves these types of transport? Use the colour key to circle. blue The force of the wind red The force of people yellow The force of a motor
2
Look and tick (✓). Lina Andrew
Peter
Who is pulling the wheelbarrow? Andrew.
Lina.
Peter.
Who is pushing the wheelbarrow? Andrew.
Lina.
Peter.
Now, draw an arrow on the wheelbarrow to show the direction it is moving in. 3
Which force pulls us down to the ground? Colour the correct word.
gravity magnetism 20
Natural Science 2
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Forces and energy
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
8
Date
What types of energy can you see in this picture? Write.
electricity sunlight fuel
2
Look and match. Then, write renewable or non-renewable.
petroleum
3
sunlight
wind
What sound does this instrument make? Read and tick (✓) two options.
It makes a loud sound.
It makes a soft sound.
It makes a high sound.
It makes a low sound.
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Natural Science 2
21
Machines
REINFORCEMENT
Name 1
9
Date
Look and write the names of the machines.
pulley
spade
lawnmower
wagon
shears
wheelbarrow
rake
simple machines complex machines
2
Match the jobs to the machines.
firefighter
22
Natural Science 2
cook
scientist
carpenter
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Machines Name 1
REINFORCEMENT
9
Date
Write the name of a machine you use for each activity.
to communicate with a friend to travel with your family to cook to clean the floor to play a video game to put out a fire
2
Which telephone is the oldest? Which is the most modern? Write 1, 2 and 3.
3
What do we use the Internet for? Read and tick (✓).
For looking for information. For travelling very fast. For communicating with people all over the world. For watching films at home. For printing. For writing.
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Natural Science 2
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We are all different
EXTENSION
Name
1
Date
We grow and change Everybody grows up and changes. Our bodies change as we grow. Children grow very fast. Adolescents grow more slowly. At this stage there are more differences between boys and girls. Adults do not grow more, but when they are old they get grey hair. As we grow up we also become more experienced. We learn new things all our lives.
1
Write T (true) or F (false).
Children grow fast. Adults grow very fast. Old people get grey hair. We learn new things when we are children and adults. 2
Look at the picture above and write the stages.
adolescent old age adult
bab¥ 24
Natural Science 2
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We are all different
EXTENSION
Name 1
Date
Look at the pictures of David. How is he different today? Write.
David – 2 years old
2
David – 10 years old
David – 16 years old today
How are they feeling? Draw the clowns’ faces.
He’s happy. 3
1
He’s sad.
Draw your friend and write.
Name: Surname: Date of birth: Age: Description:
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Natural Science 2
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The senses and movement Name
EXTENSION
2
Date
Your skeleton You cannot see your skeleton. It is inside your body. But it is very important. Your skeleton keeps your body in shape. It allows your body to move. It helps you run and play. Your skeleton is made up of bones. Bones are living things. They are hard on the outside and soft on the inside. They grow and grow till you are twenty years old. You have 206 bones in your skeleton. You have 26 in each hand! Can you name any bones?
1
How many bones make up your skeleton?
2
Write T (true) or F (false).
Your skeleton helps you move. Bones are living things. They are soft on the inside. Bones grow till you are ten years old. There are 26 bones in your head. 26
Natural Science 2
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The senses and movement Name 1
EXTENSION
2
Date
Look and answer the questions.
biceps pectorals abdominals gluteus
calf muscles
Which part of the body do the biceps move?
Which part of the body do the calf muscles move?
Which part of the body do the abdominals move?
2
Which children are using their muscles? Tick (✓).
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Natural Science 2
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Nutrition Name
EXTENSION
2 1 3
Date
Our amazing bodies! This is Henry. He breathes in and out about 40,000 times every day. He needs lots of oxygen to live!
This is Mark. His food travels nine metres through his digestive system. His food takes about thirty hours to pass all the way through his body. He likes eating fruit, but he doesn’t like eating vegetables.
This is Tommy. He is six years old. He has got twenty milk teeth. When he grows up he will have thirty-two adult teeth. Look! He has lost a milk tooth, so now he has got nineteen. 1
Answer the questions.
What does Henry need to live? How many times does he breathe every day?
How many metres does Mark’s food travel?
What food does he like? How old is Tommy? How many teeth have adults got? 28
Natural Science 2
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Nutrition
EXTENSION
Name 1
3
Date
Look and complete the text.
breathe in
breathe out
Wæ al¬ næe∂ ai® to li√æ. W™e> yo¤ b®eat™æ i>, en†erfi you® bod¥ throug™ you® an∂ . T™æ ai® gøefi into you® bod¥ throug™ t™æ . T™e>, t™æ ai® en†erfi you® . W™e> yo¤ b®eat™æ ou†, yo¤ empt¥ you® lungfi. 2
Read and circle.
When you are born you have no / a lot of teeth. In your first year, your milk / adult teeth grow. Your milk teeth begin to grow / fall out when you are about six years old. 3
What is a healthy diet? Tick (✓).
We should only eat fruit and vegetables and drink water. We should eat all types of food.
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Natural Science 2
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Plants Name
EXTENSION
4
Date
A city garden There is a park near my house. There are trees, bushes, a place for walking dogs and a playground. But there are also allotments where people grow different plants. Some people prefer to grow flowers, like roses and carnations. They look very pretty! Other people like to grow fruit and vegetables, like tomatoes, carrots and potatoes. They taste delicious!
1
Answer the questions.
What makes this park different?
What plants do people grow in these allotments?
What other plants can you grow in an allotment? Give three examples.
2
30
Circle the tools we can use in an allotment.
Natural Science 2
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Plants
EXTENSION
Name 1
4
Date
Look and classify the plants.
tomato
pepper
lettuce orange
trees bushes grasses 2
plum
Complet the text.
seeds
fruits
flowers
I> sprin@, gro∑ o> t™æ app¬æ t®ææ. I> sumµe®, t™e¥ tur> into T™e®æ a®æ insi∂æ t™æ app¬efi. 3
.
Read and circle.
A fir tree keeps its leaves all year round. It is an evergreen / a deciduous plant. An almond tree loses its leaves in autumn. It is an evergreen / a deciduous plant.
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Natural Science 2
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Animals
EXTENSION
Name
5
Date
Amazing frogs and toads! The goliath frog is the biggest frog in the world. It can grow as big as your school bag! It lives in the rainforests in Africa. The goliath frog is an endangered species. One of the smallest frogs in the world is the gold frog. It is only about 1 cm long. It lives in Brazil. It is a carnivore and eats flies, ants and other insects. Some frogs can jump very far. A sharp-nosed frog can jump 10 metres in three jumps! Tree frogs have got sticky toes so they can climb trees easily. Some toads change their skin colour to hide from predators. One of these is the oriental fire-bellied toad. Its belly turns bright red when it is afraid, and it is very poisonous! 1
Read and match the sentences.
The goliath frog
The gold frog
The sharp-nosed frog
Tree frogs
The oriental fire-bellied toad
is very small. is in danger of extinction. is very good at jumping. is very big. changes its skin colour.
lives in Brazil. have got sticky toes. is poisonous. are very good at climbing.
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Natural Science 2
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Animals
EXTENSION
Name 1
2
5
Date
Tick (✓) the characteristics of frogs.
They are vertebrates.
They are invertebrates.
They are viviparous.
They are oviparous.
They have got scales.
They have got bare skin.
They have got feathers.
They have got legs.
Circle the amphibian.
3
Compare frogs and newts. Read, then circle the correct words.
newt A newt is a small amphibian. It has got a thin body and a long tail. It has got four short legs and bare skin.
A newt has got a thin / fat body. A newt has got / hasn’t got a long tail. A frog has got a thin / fat body. A frog has got / hasn’t got a tail.
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Ecosystems Name
EXTENSION
6
Date
The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is the biggest rainforest in the world. It is in South America. The Amazon River goes through it. There are many species of plants and animals that live in this rainforest. Two of the biggest animals living in the rainforest are the jaguar and the anaconda snake. There are also millions of insects. There are more than 3,000 species of fish in the Amazon River. The most dangerous fish is the piranha. It has got very sharp teeth and is a carnivore. It eats all kinds of animals! 1
Answer the questions.
Where is the Amazon rainforest?
Name two animals living there.
What is the most dangerous fish in the Amazon River? Explain.
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Natural Science 2
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Ecosystems Name 1
EXTENSION
6
Date
Write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentence.
The Amazon rainforest is very big. The anaconda is one of the biggest animals living there. There are a lot of insects in the Amazon. Some of the fish in the Amazon River are carnivores. The Amazon rainforest is in North America.
2
What are the differences between these two ecosystems? Complete the sentences.
jungle snakes lizards desert monkeys scorpions
I> å ecosys†eµ t™e®æ a®æ no† man¥ plantfi, bu† i> å ecosys†eµ t™e®æ a®æ man¥ t®æefi an∂ bus™efi. I> å ∂eßer† ecosys†eµ ∑¶ ca> fin∂ animalfi, suc™ afi an∂ . I> å jung¬æ ecosys†eµ ∑¶ ca> fin∂ animalfi, suc™ afi an∂ . Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
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Materials
EXTENSION
Name
7
Date
Recycling paper We can make recycled paper at home. 1
3
First, tear some old paper into small pieces and put it in a bowl of water. Then, use a mixer to make paper purée. 2
4
Then, put some of the purée on a wooden frame with a net and spread it out. Press it with a rolling pin.
1
36
Next, put the paper paste on a clean cloth and press it with the rolling pin again.
Finally, put the piece of paper to dry on a clothes line.
Read and tick (✓).
Paper is a natural material.
Paper is a man-made material.
It is easy to recycle paper.
It is difficult to recycle paper.
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Materials
EXTENSION
Name
7
Date
1
What materials and tools do you need to make recycled paper? Write.
2
What are the properties of paper? Write.
3
Draw a recycling container for paper. Then, circle the objects that you can put in it.
4
Write T (true) or F (false).
Wood is a transparent material. A wooden ball weighs the same as a paper ball of the same size. A wooden ball has the same volume as a metal ball of the same size. Wood burns when its temperature increases. A small wooden stick floats on water. Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
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Forces and energy
EXTENSION
Name
8
Date
Space travel Over 50 years ago humans sent the first spaceship into space. Scientists have created many rockets and spaceships to send humans to the Moon and to distant planets. Scientists need to find an energy source for spaceships and satellites when they are in space. They now use solar panels to get electricity from sunlight. Modern satellites have solar panels so their systems and computers work. 1
Read the text again and circle the correct words.
People travel to space in buses / spaceships. Humans have travelled to the Moon / Sun. Spaceships use solar / wind energy when they are in space. Solar panels use water / sunlight to produce electricity. 2
Look at the picture of the satellite and write.
Earth two space Sun
Thifi sa†elli†æ ifi i> t™æ . I† hafi go† to @e† e>erg¥ froµ t™æ 38
Natural Science 2
. I† ifi going roun∂ sola® pa>elfi . Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Forces and energy
EXTENSION
Name 1
2
3
8
Date
Tick (✓) the characteristics of solar energy.
It pollutes the air.
It doesn’t pollute the air.
It will run out one day.
It will never run out.
It is renewable.
It is non-renewable.
What problems are there for space travellers? Cross out the false statement.
In space there is no air, so you cannot breathe.
The distance between planets is enormous.
In space there is no light, so you cannot see.
Astronauts float because there is no gravity.
Sunlight is a renewable energy source. Write the names of two more renewable sources and two non-renewable sources.
renewable sources non-renewable sources
4
Draw a spaceship. What energy does it use? Write.
This spaceship uses .
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
39
Machines Name
EXTENSION
9
Date
Intelligent planes Marta’s aunt is a commercial pilot. Today Marta is visiting her aunt at work. She is in the cabin of the plane. Marta is very surprised! There are lots of lights, screens and controls. Marta’s aunt says, ‘There are computers for controlling the plane when it takes off and lands.’ The screens show where the plane is flying. The pilot can see the cities, the forests and the mountains. Marta is very happy. The computers help the plane to be very safe. 1
Answer the questions.
What can Marta see in the cabin of the plane? What are the computers for? What can the pilot see on the screens? Is Marta's aunt a train driver or a commercial pilot? 2
40
Read and match the definitions.
To arrive on the ground after moving down through the air.
take off
To leave the ground.
land
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Machines
EXTENSION
Name
9
Date
1
Look at the planes. Which one do you think Marta saw? Circle.
2
Write T (true) or F (false).
Computers help the plane take off and land. Computers give the plane energy to fly. Computers show what is on the ground under the plane. Computers help the passengers to be safe. 3
What other machines do we use for travelling? Write.
4
Which machines are computers? Colour.
a television
a drill
5
a car
a tablet
a wheelbarrow
a bicycle
a mobile phone a lamp
Read and solve the riddle. Write.
I have got a face and two hands but no arms or legs. I make a loud sound in the morning. What am I?
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
41
We are all different
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
1
Date
Match.
head trunk arm hand
leg foot
2
Read and complete the index card.
Name: Surname: My name is Sally Hunter. I was born in London on the 20th August 2007.
3
Date of birth: Place of birth:
Put the people in order of age. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4.
42
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
We are all different
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
1
Date
Read and circle.
We are all different / the same. We all have different / the same physical features. We all have different / the same rights. We all have the right to go to school / have a lot of toys. 2
Match and write.
angry
happy
3
sad
surprised
How are they feeling? Look and complete.
Thifi gir¬ ifi ƒæelin@ ∫¶caußæ s™æ ca>ª† swiµ. Thifi bo¥ ifi ƒæelin@ ∫¶caußæ ™æ wo> å footbal¬ matc™. Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
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43
The senses and movement
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
2
Date
Look and complete.
nose smell taste eyes tongue hearing hands touch sight ears Your of
are the sense organs .
Your of
is the sense organ .
Your of
is the sense organ .
Your of
are the sense organs .
Your of 2
are the sense organs .
Read and write the joints.
You® huµerufi joinfi you® radiufi an∂ ulnå a† you® . You® ƒemu® joinfi you® fibulå an∂ tibiå a† you® . You® skul¬ joinfi you® spi>æ a† you® . 44
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
The senses and movement Name
ASSESSMENT
2
Date
1
Which joints are the children moving? Circle.
2
Write the names of the muscles.
pectorals calf muscles abdominals biceps
3
Which children are looking after their bodies? Tick (✓).
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
45
Nutrition
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
3
Date
Read and put the sentences in order. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Air goes through your trachea into your lungs. Air enters your body through your nose and mouth. You breathe out to empty your lungs. When you breathe in, you absorb oxygen. 2
Look and write the main parts of the digestive system.
oesophagus
mouth
stomach
1 1.
2 3
2. 3.
3
Read and complete the text.
adult teeth
milk teeth
W™e> yo¤ a®æ bor> yo¤ do>ª† ha√æ †æet™. I> you® firs† ¥ea® you® gro∑. W™e> yo¤ a®æ si≈, you® star† to gro∑. 46
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Nutrition
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
3
Date
Read and match.
You chew food
your oesophagus.
The food goes down
in your stomach.
The food is digested
through your mouth.
Food goes into your body
with your teeth.
2
Circle the foods you should eat every day.
3
What should you do to have a healthy diet? Tick (✓).
Drink very little water. Eat five meals a day. Eat all types of food. Only eat the food you like. Chew your food well. Eat fruit and vegetables every day. Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
47
Plants
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
4
Date
Read and write Animals, Plants or Animals and plants.
a®æ livin@ thingfi. @e† nutrientfi froµ t™æ soi¬. ®eprodu©æ froµ ßæedfi. ca> mo√¶ abou†. næe∂ ai® an∂ wa†e® to li√¶. 2
3
48
Look and match to the picture.
roots
leaves
stem
flowers
Write the parts of the plant.
The
fix the plant to the ground.
The around the plant.
transports the nutrients
The
absorb sunlight and air.
The
are inside the fruits.
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Plants
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
4
Date
Classify the plants.
almond
rockrose
daisy
lilac
fir
poppy
trees bushes grasses 2
Read and match.
Evergreen plants
Deciduous plants 3
lose their leaves in autumn. have got leaves all year round.
How do plants reproduce? Read and put the sentences in order. Write 2, 3, 4 and 5.
When there is water in the ground the seed germinates and a plant grows. In spring, the flowers bloom on the plant. 1 A seed falls to the ground. Animals, water and wind transport the seeds to different places. The flowers turn into fruits. The fruits have got seeds inside. Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
49
Animals
ASSESSMENT
Name
5
Date
1
Circle the vertebrates.
2
What type of animals are they? Write.
reptile mammal bird amphibian
3
Write T (true) or F (false).
Birds are oviparous and have got feathers. Amphibians are viviparous and have got bare skin. Fish and reptiles have got scales. Mammals are viviparous and many have got fur. 50
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Animals
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
5
Date
Write three animals in each group.
birds mammals fish reptiles 2
What have all insects got in common? Complete.
A”l¬ inßectfi ha√¶ go† an∂ 3
, .
Read and match.
Mammals Birds
Reptiles Amphibians Fish
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
are oviparous. They have got scales and they crawl. are oviparous. They live in water and they have got fins. are born from eggs and they have got feathers. are viviparous. They drink their mother’s milk and they have got fur. are oviparous and they have got bare skin.
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Ecosystems
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
6
Date
Write three things all living things need.
A”l¬ livin@ thingfi >æe∂ . 2
Look at the picture and write.
Non-living things:
Living things:
3
52
Draw some living things in each ecosystem. Write the names.
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Ecosystems
ASSESSMENT
Name
6
Date
1
Circle the living things in this ecosystem.
2
Which ecosystem do these animals live in? Write.
forest
sea
desert
A caµe¬ livefi i> å .
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
53
Materials
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
Date
What materials are these objects made of? Look and write.
metal
2
3
54
7
plastic
clay
cotton
stone
glass
wool
paper
Which words describe the properties of materials? Colour.
resistant
automatic
fragile
high
noisy
transparent
elastic
flexible
soft
quiet
heavy
rigid
What materials can you recycle? Write four objects.
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Materials
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
7
Date
Write three natural materials from each source.
iron marble leather wool cotton gold wood bamboo silk animals plants nature 2
What are the properties of rubber? Look and tick (✓).
soft
flexible
elastic
transparent
hard
fragile
3
Write four objects that float in water.
4
What happens when we heat iron? Read and tick (✓).
When we heat iron, it stays the same size. When we heat iron, it expands. When iron gets very hot, it burns. When iron gets very hot, it changes into liquid.
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
55
Forces and energy
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
Date
What are the children doing? Match.
shaping
2
8
breaking
stopping
pushing
Read and solve the riddle. Write.
I come in many shapes, sizes and colours. I Stick to many surfaces. What am I? 3
What is gravity? Read and tick (✓).
A force that can attract and move metal objects. A force that pulls objects down to the ground.
4
56
Which direction are the wagons moving in? Look and colour the arrows.
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Forces and energy Name 1
ASSESSMENT
8
Date
Read and complete the text.
electricity petrol food energy sunlight
Peop¬æ an∂ machi>efi >æe∂ to wor§. Peop¬æ @e† e>erg¥ froµ . Machi>efi li§æ compu†erfi @e† e>erg¥ froµ . —arfi usuall¥ @e† ænerg¥ froµ . Ot™e® machi>efi @e† e>erg¥ froµ . 2
3
Read and match.
Renewable energy sources
will run out one day and pollute.
Non-renewable energy sources
will never run out and are clean.
Circle the loudest sound with a red crayon and the highest sound with a blue crayon.
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
57
Machines
ASSESSMENT
Name 1
9
Date
Write names of machines. Then, complete the sentences.
simple machines
pieces. o£ man¥ p^e©efi.
complex machines
machi>efi a®æ ma∂æ uπ o£ å ƒew machi>efi a®æ ma∂æ uπ
2
Which machines use human energy? Circle.
3
What is an automatic machine? Read and tick (✓).
A machine that works with human energy. A machine that works with petrol or electricity. Name two automatic machines. 58
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Machines
ASSESSMENT
Name
9
Date
1
Circle the most modern machine in each pair.
2
Write the parts of the computer.
screen keyboard CPU mouse
3
Draw a machine and tick (✓) the correct information.
This machine is… simple complex . automatic manual . old modern .
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
59
We are all different
INVESTIGATE
Name
1
Date
Everybody is different! Look carefully at the tips of your fingers. Can you see the wavy lines on them? These lines form your fingertips. Everybody has got different fingertips. Even identical twins are not completely identical. They have got the same eyes, the same nose and the same mouth, but different fingerprints! The police use fingerprints a lot. Fingerprints help the police to identify people and solve crimes.
1
Choose the best answer. Tick (✓).
The text is about… fingers.
2
eyes.
fingerprints.
Write T (true) or F (false).
Everybody has got the same fingerprints. Identical twins are completely identical. The police use fingerprints a lot to identify people.
3
Experiment!
Put some ink on the tip of one of your fingers. Then, put your finger on a piece of paper and press. Look at your friend’s fingerprint. Are your fingerprints the same? Yes.
No.
Think of other ways you are different to your friends. 60
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The senses and movement
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
2
Date
Do your friends look after their bodies? Ask and write Yes or No.
friend 1
friend 2
Do you watch TV from a good distance? Do you sit up straight at your desk? Do you exercise every day? Do you sleep ten hours every day? Do you brush your teeth after every meal? Do you wash your hands before you eat? Do you spend time with your family and friends?
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
61
Nutrition
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
1 3
Date
Does your family have a healthy diet? Find out, circle and complete.
name
name
yes / no
yes / no
How many meals do you eat a day? Do you chew your food well?
What do you eat for breakfast?
Do you drink lots of water? How many days a week do you eat fruit and vegetables? How many days a week do you eat sweets?
Now, write the names of the family members and circle the results. has got / hasn’t got a healthy diet. has got / hasn’t got a healthy diet. 62
Natural Science 2
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Plants
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
4
Date
Look for fruit and vegetables in your kitchen and complete the table.
Draw the fruit or vegetable.
What colour is it?
green
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Does it come from a tree, a bush or a grass?
a tree
Is it the root, stem, flower or fruit of the plant?
fruit
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63
Animals Name 1
INVESTIGATE
5
Date
Look at this animal and answer the questions.
What animal is it? Is it a bird, a reptile or an insect? Is it oviparous or viviparous? Has it got an internal skeleton? Has it got scales, wings or fins? How many antennae has it got? What does it eat? What do we obtain from this animal?
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Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Ecosystems Name 1
6
INVESTIGATE
Date
Choose one of these ecosystems. Then, complete the index card.
What type of ecosystem is it? What non-living things are there? What living things are there? What do the living things depend on for shelter?
.
2
Draw a food chain for one of the ecosystems. Then, complete the sentence.
T™æ
eatfi eatfi
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
an∂ t™æ . Natural Science 2
65
Materials
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
7
Date
Look at these objects and complete the table.
jug
newspaper
ruler
keys
What is it made of? Is it a natural or man-made material? Is it resistant or fragile? Is it flexible or rigid? Is it hard or elastic? Is it heavy or light? Does it float in water? Is it solid, liquid or gas?
66
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Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Forces and energy
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
8
Date
Do your family and friends look after our planet? Find out and complete.
name of family member
name of friend
Do you turn off lights when you leave the room? Do you sometimes walk instead of going by car? Do you turn off the water when you brush your teeth? Do you recycle? Do you use an electric car? Do you always get plastic bags in the supermarket? Do you always throw your rubbish in a rubbish bin?
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
67
Machines
INVESTIGATE
Name 1
Date
What do you know about these machines? Complete the table.
Is it a simple or complex machine?
68
9
Natural Science 2
Does it use petrol, electricity or human energy?
What do we use it for?
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
The senses and movement
SCIENCE SONGS
Name
2
Date
1 What does the song say? Tick (✓) or cross (✗).
Our bones help us move and turn. Our bones help us breathe. Our bones protect our organs. Our heart always beats. The heart is a great machine. 2 Listen and answer.
What helps us breathe?
Ou®
.
What helps us move and turn?
Ou®
.
What protect our organs?
Ou® Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
.
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69
Nutrition Name 1
SCIENCE SONGS
3
Date
Which words are incorrect in the song? Listen and circle.
Sing this song, And you’ll know what to do. What’s good to drink, And what’s good for me! Eat lots of sweets! Eat lots of fruit! Eat lots of meat! And a few milk products, too! Have some meat and protein, At least once a day. But with oils and sweets, Just a lot is OK!
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Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Plants
SCIENCE SONGS
Name 1
4
Date
Listen to the song and complete the sentences.
perfumes
shampoo
shampoo
medicines
1 Plantfi a®æ ∑¶ ∑±a®. 2 Plantfi a®æ 3 Plantfi a®æ wri†æ. 4 Plantfi a®æ 5 Plantfi a®æ ∑±l¬. 6 A”n∂ i>
food
paper
clothes
uße∂ fo®
, tha†´fi wha†
uße∂ i> uße∂ i>
fo® our hai®. so ∑¶ ca>
uße∂ i>
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
an∂ ∑¶ ca> ta§æ å bi†æ. tha† ma§æ ufi , how ni©æ t™e¥ sµel¬! Natural Science 2
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Animals Name 1
SCIENCE SONGS
5
Date
What does the song say? Tick (✓) or cross (✗).
Some animals are oviparous. They lay eggs. Others are viviparous. They are born from the womb instead. Some animals are carnivores. They eat meat. Others are herbivores. Plants are what they eat. Some animals are omnivores and eat meat and plants. Invertebrates haven’t got a spine. Vertebrates have got bones. Some animals have got shells.
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Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Animals Name
SCIENCE SONGS
5
Date
1 Listen to the song and write T (true) or F (false).
Frogs’ eggs float on water. Tadpoles are big and green. Tadpoles grow their front legs first. Tadpoles turn into frogs when they lose their tails. Little tadpoles jump and swim. Little frogs live in the water. Frogs are reptiles. Frogs lay eggs in the water.
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
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Materials
SCIENCE SONGS
Name 1
7
Date
What objects are there in the song? Listen and circle.
marbles jar
bike
bottle
can
dress car
jeans
T-shirt
box
book newspaper
74
Natural Science 2
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Forces and energy
SCIENCE SONGS
Name 1
Date
What types of energy does the song talk about? Colour.
electricity 2
8
wind power
solar power
man
motors
Listen again and match the machines to the energy source.
kite
man lamp
motors
electricity
van
wind power
bicycle
Photocopiable material © 2015 Santillana Educación, S.L.
Natural Science 2
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Answer keys
Answer keys
1
WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT
Page 6 1. Colour the main parts of the body. (Ss colour the head red, the trunk blue and the limbs yellow.) 2. Look at the girl and classify the parts of the body. head → hair, forehead, chin. trunk → thorax, abdomen. limbs → arm, hand, leg, foot. Page 7 1. Look at the children and write. Model Answer (M.A.): different: Maia and Clara are girls. Yang is a boy. Maia has got dark skin. Yang and Clara have got light skin. Etc. similar: They are all children. They have got hair / two eyes. Etc. 2. How are they feeling? Match and write. (Ss write in order: happy, angry, sad.) 3. What makes you scared? Tick (✓). Open Answer (O.A.) 2
THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
Page 8 1. Look and write the sense they are using. taste; sight; touch; hearing; smell. 2. What are bones like? Tick (✓). Bones are hard and rigid.
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Natural Science 2
REINFORCEMENT
3. Look at the skeleton and answer the questions. The humerus, the ulna and the radius join together at the elbow. The femur, the fibula and the tibia join together at the knee. Page 9 1. Find and circle five muscles. calf muscle; biceps; gluteus; abdominal; pectoral. 2. Read and write T (true) or F (false). F; T; F; T; T. 3. Unscramble the sentences. Then, correct the false sentence. You should wash your hands before you watch TV. You should sleep at least ten hours every night. You should use suntan cream when it is very sunny. (Ss correct the first sentence.): You should wash your hands before you eat. 3
NUTRITION
Page 10 1. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. People need air, food and water to live. To be healthy, we need to eat healthy food and breathe clean air. 2. Label the picture. clockwise, from top left: nose; trachea; lungs; mouth.
REINFORCEMENT
3. Write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false sentence. T; T; T; F. (Ss correct the last sentence.): When you sleep, you breathe. Page 11 1. Read and circle. Food goes into your mouth. You chew food with your teeth. Your tongue helps mix the food with saliva. Then, food goes down your oesophagus and into your stomach. 2. Look at the food pyramid and answer the questions. M.A. several times a week→ rice, pasta, bread. occasionally → cake, biscuits, cola. every day → oranges, tomatoes, lettuce. 4
PLANTS
Page 12 1. Circle the living things. (Ss circle the girl, the plant, the snake and the whale.) 2. Write the parts of the plants. clockwise, from top left: leaf; flower; stem; root; fruit. 3. Read and match. The roots fix the plant to the ground. The stem transports the nutrients around the plant. The leaves absorb sunlight and air. The seeds are inside the fruits.
Page 13 1. Read and match. grasses → They are small and have got soft, thin stems. bushes → They have got short, hard trunks. trees → They have got long, hard, thick stems, called trunks. 2. How do plants reproduce? Read and write 1, 2, 3 and 4. 1, 3, 4, 2. 5
ANIMALS
Page 14 1. Write T (true) or F (false). T; F; T; T; T. 2. Look and write vertebrate or invertebrate. squid: invertebrate; snake: vertebrate; bird: vertebrate; prawn: invertebrate; crab: invertebrate; fish: vertebrate. 3. Write the parts of the insect. clockwise, from top left: body; wing; antenna; leg; head. Page 15 1. What kind of animal is it? Tick (✓) the characteristics. A cow is a vertebrate. It is viviparous. It has got hair. It is a mammal. An eagle is a vertebrate. It is oviparous. It has got feathers. It is a bird. 2. How do amphibians reproduce? Look and write 1, 2, 3 and 4. 2, 1, 4, 3.
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Answer keys
3. Which of these groups of animals are invertebrates? Colour. (Ss colour insects.) 6
ECOSYSTEMS
Page 16 1. Where do these animals live? Match. ocean → whale, fish, jellyfish and lobster. forest → squirrel, owl, rabbit and deer. 2. Read and write the words. Non-living things → rocks; water. Living things → pine trees; eagle; grass. Page 17 1. Colour the living things in this ecosystem. (Ss colour everything except the water and the rocks.) 2. Look and tick (✓) the characteristics of this ecosystem. Then, answer the questions. (Ss tick This is an aquatic ecosystem and This is salt water.) living things → fish; octopus; prawn; seaweed. non-living things → water; sand. 3. Read and match. Living things depend on each other for food and form a food chain.
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REINFORCEMENT
7
MATERIALS
Page 18 1. Look and classify the materials. natural materials → wool; clay; wood, man-made materials → glass; paper; plastic. 2. Read and tick (✓) the correct option. A resistant material can support heavy weights. An elastic material can stretch and return to its original shape. A flexible material can bend without breaking. Page 19 1. What materials are these objects made of? Why? Write. A wheel is made of rubber because it is elastic. A window is made of glass because it is transparent. A T-shirt is made of cotton because it is flexible. 2. Which object is heavier? Look and circle. (Ss circle the full jug and the statue of the bird.) 3. What do you use to measure things? Match. Then, read and complete. (Ss match the words to the objects.): To measure the weight of an object we use scales. To measure the volume of an object we use a jug of water.
REINFORCEMENT
8
FORCES AND ENERGY
9
MACHINES
Page 20
Page 22
1. Which force moves these types of transport? Use the colour key to circle. blue: The force of the wind → sailing boat; balloon. red: The force of people → scooter; bicycle. yellow: The force of a motor → car; motorcycle.
1. Look and write the names of the machines. simple machines → pulley; spade; shears; rake. complex machines → wagon; lawnmower; wheelbarrow.
2. Look and tick (✓). Who is pulling the wheelbarrow? Lina. Who is pushing the wheelbarrow? Andrew. (Ss draw an arrow pointing right.) 3. Which force pulls us down to the ground? Colour the correct word. (Ss colour the word gravity.) Page 21 1. What types of energy can you see in this picture? Write. clockwise, from top left: sunlight; fuel; electricity. 2. Look and match. Then, write renewable or non-renewable. wind → wind turbine → renewable petroleum → oil rig → non-renewable sunlight → solar panels → renewable 3. What sound does this instrument make? Read and tick (✓) two options. It makes a loud sound. It makes a high sound.
2. Match the jobs to the machines. firefighter → hose cook → cooker carpenter → drill scientist → microscope Page 23 1. Write the name of a machine you use for each activity. M.A. to communicate with a friend → mobile phone to travel with your family → car to cook → cooker to clean the floor → vacuum cleaner to play a video game → console to put out a fire → hose 2. Which telephone is the oldest? Which is the most modern? Write 1, 2, and 3. 3; 2; 1. 3. What do we use the Internet for? Read and tick (✓). For looking for information. For communicating with people all over the world. For watching films at home.
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1
WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT
Page 24 1. Write T (true) or F (false). T; F; T; T. 2. Look at the picture above and write the stages. baby → adolescent → adult → old age Page 25 1. Look at the pictures of David. How is he different today? Write. M.A. David is taller and bigger. He has got glasses. 2. How are they feeling? Draw the clown’s faces. Ss draw a happy face and a sad face. 3. Draw your friends and write. O.A. 2
THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
Page 26 1. How many bones make up your skeleton? There are 206 bones in your skeleton. 2. Write T (true) or F (false). T; T; T; F; F. Page 27 1. Look and answer the questions. The biceps move your arms. The calf muscles move your legs. The abdominals move your trunk.
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EXTENSION
2. Which children are using their muscles? Tick (✓). (Ss tick the first and third picture.) 3
NUTRITION
Page 28 1. Answer the questions. M.A. Henry needs oxygen to live. He breathes about 40,000 times a day. Mark’s food travels nine metres. He likes fruit. Tommy is six years old. Adults have got thirty-two teeth. Page 29 1. Look and complete the text. We all need air to live. When you breathe in, air enters your body through your nose and mouth. The air goes into your body through the trachea. Then, the air enters your lungs. When you breathe out, you empty your lungs. 2. Read and circle. When you are born you have no teeth. In your first year, your milk teeth grow. Your milk teeth begin to fall out when you are about six years old. 3. What is a healthy diet? Tick (✓). We should eat all types of food. 4
PLANTS
Page 30 1. Answer the questions. M.A.
EXTENSION
There are allotments where people grow different plants. They grow roses, carnations, tomatoes, carrots and potatoes. You can grow lettuce, beans and sunflowers. 2. Circle the tools we can use in an allotment. (Ss circle the spade, wheelbarrow, hoe and watering can.) Page 31 1. Look and classify the plants. trees → orange; plum. bushes → tomato; pepper. grasses → lettuce. 2. Complete the text. In spring, flowers grow on the apple tree. In summer, they turn into fruits. There are seeds inside the apples. 2. Read and circle. A fir tree keeps its leaves all year round. It is an evergreen plant. An almond tree loses its leaves in autumn. It is a deciduous plant. 5
ANIMALS
Page 32 1. Read and match the sentences. The goliath frog is in danger of extinction. The goliath frog is very big. The gold frog is very small. The gold frog lives in Brazil. The sharp-nosed frog is very good at jumping.
Tree frogs have got sticky toes. Tree frogs are very good at climbing. The oriental fire-bellied toad changes its skin colour. The oriental fire-bellied toad is poisonous. Page 33 1. Tick (✓) the characteristics of frogs. They are vertebrates. They are oviparous. They have got bare skin. They have got legs. 2. Circle the amphibian. (Ss circle the salamander.) 3. Compare frogs and newts. Read, then circle the correct words. A newt has got a thin body. A newt has got a long tail. A frog has got a fat body. A frog hasn’t got a tail. 6
ECOSYSTEMS
Page 34 1. Answer the questions. M.A. The Amazon rainforest is in South America. The jaguar and the anaconda snake. The most dangerous fish in the Amazon River is the piranha because it has got very sharp teeth and eats all kinds of animals. Page 35 1. Write T (true) or F (false). Then, correct the false statement. T; T; T; T; F.
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(Ss correct the last statement.): The Amazon rainforest is in South America. 2. What are the differences between these two ecosystems? Complete the sentences. In a desert ecosystem there are not many plants, but in a jungle ecosystem there are many trees and bushes. In a desert ecosystem we can find animals, such as lizards and scorpions. In a jungle ecosystem we can find animals, such as snakes and monkeys. 7
MATERIALS
Page 36 1. Read and tick (✓). Paper is a man-made material. It is easy to recycle paper. Page 37 1. What materials and tools do you need to make recycled paper? Write. Some old paper, water, a bowl, a mixer, a wooden frame with a net, a cloth, a rolling pin and a clothes line. 2. What are the properties of paper? Write. Paper is flexible and soft. 3. Draw a recycling container for paper. Then, circle the objects that you can put in it. (Ss draw and then circle the box, newspaper and notebook.) 4. Write T (true) or F (false). F; F; T; T; T.
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EXTENSION
8
FORCES AND ENERGY
Page 38 1. Read the text and circle the correct words. People travel to space in spaceships. Humans have travelled to the Moon. Spaceships use solar energy when they are in space. Solar panels use sunlight to produce electricity. 2. Look at the picture of the satellite and write. This satellite is in space. It is going round the Earth. It has got two solar panels to get energy from the Sun. Page 39 1. Tick (✓) the characteristics of solar energy. It doesn’t pollute the air. It will never run out. It is renewable. 2. What problems are there for space travellers? Cross out the false statement. (Ss cross out In space there is no light, so you cannot see.) 3. Sunlight is a renewable energy source. Write the names of two more renewable sources and two non-renewable sources. renewable sources → wind; water. non-renewable sources → coal; petroleum.
EXTENSION
4. Draw a spaceship. What energy does it use? Write. (Ss draw and write This spaceship uses fuel.) 9
MACHINES
Page 40 1. Answer the questions. M.A. Marta can see lights, screens and controls. The computers are for controlling the plane. The pilot can see where the plane is flying, the cities, the forests and the mountains. She is a commercial pilot.
Page 41 1. Look at the planes. Which one do you think Marta saw? Circle. (Ss circle the second plane.) 2. Write T (true) or F (false). T; F; T; T. 3. What other machines do we use for travelling? Write. M.A. cars; bicycles; trains; buses; motorcycles; ships. 4. Which machines are computers? Colour. A mobile phone and a tablet. 5. Read and solve the riddle. Write. An alarm clock.
2. Read and match the definitions. take off → to leave the ground. land → to arrive on the ground after moving down through the air.
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1
ASSESSMENT
Your ears are the sense organs of hearing. Your hands are the sense organs of touch.
WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT
Page 42 1. Match. (Ss match the words to the body parts.) 2. Read and complete the index card. Name → Sally Surname → Hunter Date of birth → 20th August 2007 Place of birth → London 3. Put the people in order of age. Write 1, 2, 3, and 4. 4, 1, 3, 2. Page 43 1. Read and circle. We are all different. We all have different physical features. We all have the same rights. We all have the right to go to school. 2. Match and write. happy; sad; surprised; angry. 3. How are they feeling? Look and complete. The girl is feeling scared because she can’t swim. The boy is feeling happy because he won a football match.
2. Read and write the joints. Your humerus joins your radius and ulna at your elbow. Your femur joins your fibula and tibia at your knee. Your skull joins your spine at your neck. Page 45 1. Which joints are the children moving? Circle. (Ss circle the first girl’s elbows and hips; the boy’s shoulders; the second girl’s knees, ankles, hips and wrists.) 2. Write the names of the muscles. clockwise, from top left: pectorals; biceps; calf muscles; abdominals. 3. Which children are looking after their bodies? Tick (✓). (Ss tick the third picture.) 3
NUTRITION
Page 46 1. Read and put the sentences in order. Write 1, 2, 3 and 4. 2, 1, 4, 3.
Page 44
2. Look and write the main parts of the digestive system. 1. mouth; 2. oesophagus; 3. stomach.
1. Look and complete. Your eyes are the sense organs of sight. Your nose is the sense organ of smell. Your tongue is the sense organ of taste.
3. Read and complete the text. When you are born you don’t have teeth. In your first year your milk teeth grow.
2
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THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
Natural Science 2
ASSESSMENT
When you are six, your adult teeth start to grow.
around the plant. The leaves absorb sunlight and air. The seeds are inside the fruits.
Page 47 1. Read and match. You chew food with your teeth. The food goes down your oesophagus. The food is digested in your stomach. Food goes into your body through your mouth. 2. Circle the foods you should eat every day. (Ss circle the fruit, water, yoghurt and bread.) 3. What should you do to have a healthy diet? Tick (✓). Eat five meals a day. Eat all types of food. Chew your food well. Eat fruit and vegetables every day. 4
PLANTS
Page 48 1. Read and write Animals, Plants or Animals and plants. Animals and plants are living things. Plants get nutrients from the soil. Plants reproduce from seeds. Animals can move about. Animals and plants need air and water to live. 2. Look and match to the picture. (Ss draw lines to the parts of the plant.) 3. Write the parts of the plant. The roots fix the plant to the ground. The stem transports the nutrients
Page 49 1. Classify the plants. trees → almond; fir. bushes → rockrose; lilac. grasses → daisy; poppy. 2. Read and match. Evergreen plants have got leaves all year round. Deciduous plants lose their leaves in autumn. 3. How do plants reproduce? Read and put the sentences in order. Write 2, 3, 4 and 5. 2, 3, 1, 5, 4. 5
ANIMALS
Page 50 1. Circle the vertebrates. (Ss circle the fish, hen, wild boar, frog, snake, bird and dolphin.) 2. What type of animals are they? Write. bird; mammal; amphibian; reptile. 3. Write T (true) or F (false). T; F; T; T. Page 51 1. Write three animals in each group. M.A. birds→ parrot; flamingo; falcon. mammals → bat; dolphin; bear. fish → trout; goldfish; salmon. reptiles → snake; crocodile; lizard.
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2. What have all insects got in common? Complete. All insects have got a head, two antennae and six legs. 3. Read and match. Mammals are viviparous. They drink their mother’s milk and they have got fur. Birds are born from eggs and they have got feathers. Reptiles are oviparous. They have got scales and they crawl. Amphibians are oviparous and they have got bare skin. Fish are oviparous. They live in water and they have got fins. 6
ECOSYSTEMS
Page 52 1. Write three things all living things need. All living things need air, water and sunlight. 2. Look at the picture and write. Non-living things → water, soil and air. Living things → trees, bushes, grass, elephant, giraffe, zebra and lion. 3. Draw some living things in each ecosystem. Write the names. O.A. Page 53 1. Circle the living things in this ecosystem. (Ss circle the goat, the rabbit and the fir tree.)
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ASSESSMENT
2. Which ecosystem do these animals live in? Write. A camel lives in a desert. A deer lives in a forest. An octopus lives in the sea. An owl lives in a forest. 7
MATERIALS
Page 54 1. What materials are these objects made of? Look and write. metal; paper; clay; plastic; stone; glass; cotton; wool. 2. Which words describe the properties of materials? Colour. resistant; fragile; transparent; elastic; flexible; soft; heavy; rigid. 3. What materials can you recycle? Write four objects. M.A. a bottle; a newspaper; a milk carton; a plastic bag. Page 55 1. Write three natural materials from each source. animals → leather; wool; silk. plants → cotton; wood; bamboo. nature → iron; marble; gold. 2. What are the properties of rubber? Look and tick (✓). soft; flexible; elastic. 3. Write four objects that float in water. M.A. a balloon; a wooden stick; a leaf; a plastic duck.
ASSESSMENT
4. What happens when we heat iron? Read and tick (✓). When we heat iron, it expands. When iron gets very hot, it changes into a liquid. 8
FORCES AND ENERGY
3. Circle the loudest sound with a red crayon and the highest sound with a blue crayon. (Ss circle the plane in red and the bird in blue.) 9
MACHINES
Page 56
Page 58
1. What are the children doing? Match. stopping; pushing; shaping; breaking.
1. Write names of machines. Then, complete the sentences. M.A. simple machines → rake; hammer; scissors. complex machines → lawnmower; lamp; camera. Simple machines are made up of a few pieces. Complex machines are made up of many pieces.
2. Read and solve the riddle. Write. A magnet. 3. What is gravity? Read and tick (✓). A force that pulls objects down to the ground. 4. Which direction are the wagons moving in? Look and colour the arrows. (Ss colour the right-hand arrow on both wagons.) Page 57 1. Read and complete the text. People and machines need energy to work. People get energy from food. Machines like computers get energy from electricity. Cars usually get energy from petrol. Other machines get energy from sunlight. 2. Read and match. Renewable energy sources will never run out and are clean. Non-renewable energy sources will run out one day and pollute.
2. Which machines use human energy? Circle. (Ss circle the bicycle, the wheelchair, the skateboard and the rowing boat.) 3. What is an automatic machine? Read and tick (✓). A machine that works with petrol or electricity. M.A. hairdryer; lorry. Page 59 1. Circle the most modern machine in each pair. (Ss circle the left-hand pen, the left-hand TV, the left-hand cooker, the right-hand camera.)
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2. Write the parts of the computer. clockwise, from top left: screen; CPU; mouse; keyboard. 3. Draw a machine and tick (✓) the correct information. O.A.
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ASSESSMENT
INVESTIGATE
1
WE ARE ALL DIFFERENT
5
ANIMALS
Page 60
Page 64
1. Choose the best answer. Tick (✓). The text is about fingerprints.
1. Look at this animal and answer the questions. M.A. It’s a bee. It’s an insect. It’s oviparous. No, it hasn’t got an internal skeleton. It’s got wings. It’s got two antennae. It eats nectar. We obtain honey from this animal.
2. Write T (true) or F (false). F; F; T. 3. Experiment! No. O.A. 2
THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
Page 61 1. Do your friends look after their bodies? Ask and write Yes or No. O.A. 3
NUTRITION
Page 62 1. Does your family have a healthy diet? Find out, circle and complete. O.A. 4
PLANTS
Page 63 1. Look for fruit and vegetables in your kitchen and complete the table. O.A.
6
ECOSYSTEMS
Page 65 1. Choose one of these ecosystems. Then, complete the index card. M.A. It is a sea ecosystem. There is water, air and sand. There are crabs, a starfish and a seagull. They depend on shells, rocks, water plants and sand. 2. Draw a food chain for one of the ecosystems. Then, complete the sentence. M.A. starfish → crab → seagull The seagull eats the crab and the crab eats the starfish.
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MATERIALS
Page 66 1. Look at these objects and complete the table. newspaper → paper; man-made; resistant; flexible; no; light; yes; solid. jug → clay; natural; fragile; rigid; hard; heavy; no; solid. ruler → plastic; man-made; resistant; flexible; hard; light; yes; solid. keys → metal; man-made; resistant; rigid; hard; light; no; solid. 8
FORCES AND ENERGY
Page 67 1. Do your family and friends look after our planet? Find out and complete. O.A. 9
MACHINES
Page 68 1. What do you know about these machines? Complete the table. bicycle → complex; human energy; for travelling. wheelbarrow → simple; human energy; for transporting objects. camera → complex; electricity; for taking pictures. bus → complex; petrol; for travelling. spade → simple; human energy; for digging the soil.
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INVESTIGATE
SCIENCE SONGS
2
THE SENSES AND MOVEMENT
5
ANIMALS
Page 69
Page 72
1. What does the song say? Tick (✓) or cross (✗). Our bones help us move or turn. (✗) Our bones help us breathe. (✗) Our bones protect our organs. (✓) Our heart always beats. (✓) The heart is a great machine. (✗)
1. What does the song say? Tick (✓) or cross (✗). Some animals are oviparous. They lay eggs. (✓) Others are viviparous. They are born from the womb instead. (✓) Some animals are carnivores. They eat meat. (✓) Others are herbivores. Plants are what they eat. (✓) Some animals are omnivores and eat meat and plants. (✗) Invertebrates haven’t got a spine. (✓) Vertebrates have got bones. (✓) Some animals have got shells. (✗)
2. Listen and answer. Our lungs. Our joints. Our bones. 3
NUTRITION
Page 70 1. Which words are incorrect in the song? Listen and circle. (Ss circle sweets, meat, once and lot.) 7
PLANTS
Page 71 1. Listen to the song and complete. Plants are used for clothes, that’s what we wear. Plants are used in shampoo for our hair. Plants are used in paper so we can write. Plants are food and we can take a bite. Plants are used in medicines that make us well. And in perfumes, how nice they smell!
Page 73 1. Listen to the song and write T (true) or F (false) T; F; F; T; F; T; F; T. 7
MATERIALS
Page 74 1. What objects are there in the song? Listen and circle. (Ss circle bottle, jar, can, car, T-shirt, dress, book and box.)
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FORCES AND ENERGY
Page 75 1. What types of energy does the song talk about? Colour. Electricity, wind power, man and motors. 2. Listen again and match the machines to the energy source. kite → wind power lamp → electricity bicycle → man van → motors
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SCIENCE SONGS
Art director: José Crespo Design coordinator: Rosa Marín Design team: Cover design: Pep Carrió Cover photograph: Leila Méndez Design development coordinator: Javier Tejeda Design development: Raúl de Andrés and Jorge Gómez Technical director: Jorge Mira Technical coordinators: Marisa Valbuena Layout: Pedro Valencia Art coordination: Carlos Aguilera Photo research: Marilé Rodrigálvez Photographs:
ARCHIVO SANTILLANA.
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© 2015 by Santillana Educación, S. L. / Richmond Publishing Avda. de los Artesanos, 6 Tres Cantos. 28760 Madrid Richmond Publishing is an imprint of Santillana Educación, S. L. Printed in Spain CP: 660685 ISBN: 978-84-680-2852-1 D. L.: M-39717-2015
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