my virka final project

PROJECT REPORT ON EMPLOYEES HEALTH AND SAFETY AT VERKA MILK PLANT SUBMITTED BY:Amritpal Singh UNIV. ROLL NO. 7048240357

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT OF BACHLER IN BUSINESS AMINISTRATION

SUBMITTED TO GUJARNWALA GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY AFFILIATED TO PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, JALANDHAR May - 2010

CERTIFICATE It is to certify that Mr. Amritpal Singh University Roll No. 7048240357 of BBA –VI semester has done a project on STUDY OF EMPLOYEES HEALTH & SAFETY at “VERKA MILK PLANT” LTD. Under my guidance.

Date_______

________________ Mrs. Shallu Sood

Declaration I am Amritpal Singh here by declare the project report entitled Study Employees Health and Safety at “Verka Milk Plant Ltd.” has been carried out and submitted to the PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY by me.

I undertake responsibility for the contents of this report.

Date__________ (Amritpal Singh) ………………

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A big task of under taking such as project is not singly possible. Indeed the project could not have taken its present shape, but for wholesome inducement, sense of accommodation and purposive guidance. I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to worthy Mrs. Shallu Sood G.G.N.I.M.T. Ludhiana for their guidance and help during the project. I have carried through the sweet touches of the experience of vision and filed of research. My thanks are also to all respondents in “Verka Milk Plant Ltd” for their co-operation assistance in completing my project report. Without them this report could not have taken its place.

Amritpal Singh

PREFACE In order to achieve practical knowledge, the classroom knowledge of

the situation, existing

outside the classroom. The

knowledge is useless without conduct a

survey of

practical.

50 employees from

In my

theoretical

project report I

this plant. It was a

great experience to deal with various aspects of industries.

TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Name

Topic Name

Page No.

1.

Company profile

1 -24

2.

Introduction to the project

25 -51

3.

Objective of study

4.

Research methodology

53 -54

5.

Data analysis and interpretation

55 -68

6.

Findings

69

7.

Limitation of study

70

8.

Suggestions

71

9.

Bibliography

72

10.

Annexure

52

73 -75

CHAPTER – 1 VERKA MILK PLANT PROFILE HISTORY Milking has its advent in the very evolution of placental mammals. While the exact time of its appearance not known, the immediate ancestors of modern mammals were much like monotremes including the platypus. Such animals today produce a milk-like substance from glands on the surface of their skin, but without the nipple, for their offspring to drink after hatching from their eggs. Likewise, marsupials, the closest cousin to placental mammals, produce a milklike substance from a teat-like organ in their pouches. The earliest immediate ancestor of placental mammals known seems to be eomaia, a small creature superficially resembling rodents that is thought to have lived 125 million years ago, during the Cretaceous era. It almost certainly produced what would be considered milk, in the same way as modern placental mammals.

Animal milk is first known to have been used as human food at the beginning of animal domestication. Cow milk was first used as human food in the Middle East Goats and sheep are ruminants: mammals adapted to survive on a diet of dry grass, a food source otherwise useless to humans, and one that is easily stockpiled. The animals’ dairying proved to be a more efficient way of turning uncultivated grasslands into sustenance: the food value of an animal killed for meat can be matched by perhaps one year's worth of milk from the same animal, which will keep producing milk — in convenient daily portions — for years. Around 7000 BC, cattle were being herded in parts of Turkey. There is evidence from DNA extraction of skeletons from the Neolithic period that people in northern Europe were missing the necessary genes to process lactase. The use of cheese and butter spread in Europe, parts of Asia and parts of Africa. Milk was first delivered in bottles on January 11, 1878. The day is now remembered as Milk Day and is celebrated annually. The town of Harvard, Illinois also celebrates milk in the summer with a festival known as Milk Days. Theirs is a different tradition meant to celebrate dairy farmers in the "Milk Capital of the World."

BEHIND VERKA

Far away from the din and maddening pace of the city, there rests, near Amritsar sleepy village called Verka. Peaceful in its seclusion, life crawls on its own pace. The cool breeze, rustle of the banyan leaves, the chirruping of the birds, the quite flow of the shimmering water besides those soft folds of lush green, nestling a healthy cattle grazing away to glory. A perfect picture of health and happiness. Today, Verka has out-stripped its own boundaries to reach our homes. Verka was there long before it came to MILKFED. But then, it was the difference between being there and making it big. When we at MILKFED took it on, we believed that it had potential to do a lot more. And it did. With little more of a consumer oriented approach, Verka became a brand to reckon with. With its growing outlets and thus easier availability, it reached far and wide across the state and beyond. To people today, Verka is part of their daily lives. INTRODUCTION OF: THE VERKA MILK PLANT LDH.

Verka milk plant, Ludhiana is known Ludhiana distt- co-operative milk produce union. It is situated on Ferozepur road. It is fully equipped with modern fluid

milk plants facilities.VMP, Ludhiana is a prestigious milk plant of Punjab state famous all over the country and abroad for the supply of quality milk products. It has got first position in Northern Zone. It's functioning stone was laid by Sh. Prakash Singh Badal, the Chief Minister of the Punjab on June 22 1970. This plant was inaugurated by our referred Prime Minister Smt. Indira Gandhi. Milk plant is a co-operative society and farmers (producers) share all its profit and losses. Govt. does not provide any financial assistance to milk plant Ludhiana. But Govt. Supervisor and control is there. Law and policy maker is Punjab Govt. here there is no dishonesty in the milk plant. It is very neat and clean organization. The handling capacity of the milk plant per day is 4 Lac Litre. In the year 1983, PDDC merged into milk fed and control of milk plant transferred to milk fed in year 1983. But the efforts of the Directors and milk producer's control of milk plant

transferred to milk union, (union of milk

producers). Milk plant Ludhiana produces variety of milk products like Milk cake, cheese, Butter, Ghee skimmed milk powder and standardized milk'. Milk plant sells better quality of pasteurized milk to people. Ghee manufactured by this plant is not only sold in country but also supplied to foreign countries like Nepal, Dubai. The new achievements of this milk plant is to achieve the International quality certificate ISO 9002. To get this ISO -9002 certification the following clauses are requires. 1.

Management Responsibility

2.

Quality Systems

3.

Contract Review

4.

Documents and data control

5.

Purchasing

6.

Purchase- Supplier product

7.

Product - Identification and tractability

8.

Process Control

9.

Inspecting and testing

10.

Inspection, Measuring and test equipment

11.

Inspection and test status.

12.

Control of non conforming products

13.

Corrective action

14.

Holding, Storage, packaging and delivery

15.

Quality Records

16.

International Quality Audits

17.

Training

18.

Statistical Techniques

19.

Design and control

20.

Servicing

21.

Better utilization of manpower. Profits of milk plant are distributed to workers and milk produces as increase in rate of fat and SNF and to workers as bonus. In the year 2001-2002 the milk plant achieved the Gross profit (Without Interest & Dep. ) for Rs. 5,7200000 and net profit for Rs. 3,3100000. Under the operation flood dairy program the Govt. of India selected the Ludhiana district of Punjab as one of the milk shed to develop Anand pattern. Top mgt. In milk plant Ludhiana is controlled by Govt. The Govt. does not give any assistance to the milk plant but milk plant can receive loans etc with the guarantee of Govt. policymaker is the Govt. but milk produces spend money.

Machinery of best technology has been installed in the milk plant. The machinery is available for the productions of following milk products. 1. Pasteurized fluid milk 2. Sterilized flavoured milk 3. Milk-cake 4. Paneer 5. Lassi 6. Ice Cream 7. Butter 8. Ghee 9. Skimmed milk powder 10.Whole milk powder 11.Baby food 12.Infant milk food But according to the demands from the open market the following milk products are produced:1. Pasteurized/ Sterlised milk 2. Milk cake 3. Paneer 4. Butter 5. Ghee 6. Skimmed milk powder Lured by high profits some new concerns in private sector also try to set up their own plants. So, the present margin of the milk plant has become less and future is looking hard. The milk plant is still standing ahead and not loosing

courage. To meet the global competition milk fed Chandigarh has taken steps in the field of advertisement of products and has set aside Rs, 1 crore for this purpose. Milk plant Ludhiana is playing a vital role in Socio Economic development of real merses of Ludhiana Distt. Normally middlemen and traders dominate the market. The milk plant steadily marched toward fix goal of becoming a strong and viable milk plant and now is at No. 1 in Northern Zone. All its officer as well as workers are assets to milk plant Ludhiana who are performing their duties delight and with full zeal and energy. Also the building of milk plant. Ludhiana is nicely planned and maintained. There is great system of work. We hope it will maintain its reputation and goodwill "May it progress by leaps and bounds".

PROFILE

1.

Full Name

-

The Ludhiana Distt, Co- Operative Milk Produces Union Ltd. Ldh.

2.

Registered Office

-

Milk plant, Ferozepur Road, Ludhiana-141004.

3.

Head Office

-

Punjab State Co- operative milk producers federation Ltd. S.C.O. 153- 155 sector 34-A, Chandigarh.

4.

Date of Registration

-

1972 with PDDC

5.

Date of Inauguration

-

31st Oct. 1974

6.

Commencement of product

-

Feb 1979.

7.

Constitution

-

Co- Operative

8.

Bankers

-

Punjab State Central Co-operative Bank.

9.

Product Brand

-

Verka

10.

No. of Milk Agencies

-

332

11.

No. of Societies

-

751

12.

No. of Employees

-

823

Permanent

-

491

Temporary

-

332

13.

Milk Chilling Centres

-

6

14.

Milk Handling Capacity

-

4,00,000L/ Per day

15.

Products Marketed by

-

The Punjab State Co-operative Milk Producers

Federation Ltd. Chandigarh. 16.

General Manager

-

Mr. Harinder Singh Grewal

17.

Deputy Manager

-

Mr. Amarjeet Singh

18.

Account Manager

-

Mr. A.K. Gupta

19.

Production Manager

-

Mr. G.P. Sharma

20.

Marketing Manager

-

Mr. Parminder Singh

21.

Quality Control Manager

-

Mr. B.R. Madaan

SALIENT FEATURES 1.

First milk plant in India to get ISO -9002 International Quality Certificate for milk.

2.

Milk rate paid to the producers among all the unions highest in the rate.

3.

Milk procurement highest among all the unions in the state.

4.

Milk procurements per society one day among all the union highest in the state.

5.

100% milk producers co- operative societies are in profit.

6.

Aggregate profit of the societies in any year is the maximum among all the

union state ever since inception, customer satisfaction and

consistency in quality are the key- thrust area of this organization. 7.

Numbers of A.I. cases maximum among all the unions in the state.

8.

Number of sick animals treated highest among all the unions in the state.

9.

Cattle feed sold to societies is maximum among all the unions in the state.

10.

F.M.D. vaccination maximum among the all unions in the state,

11.

Milk transportation cost lowest among all the unions in the state.

12.

Milk chilling cost lowest among all the unions in the state.

13.

Average daily city supply maximum among all the unions in the state.

14.

Embryo transfer technology introduced in the field for the first time in northern India.

15.

Milk products selling at premium rates and ghee exported to gulf countries and Philippines.

16.

Capacity utilization is maximum on yearly basis.

17.

Fuel cost per Kg. Milk is lowest among all the union in the state.

18.

Electricity cost per Kg. Milk is lowest among all the unions in the state.

19.

Leading union to

start

co- operative

development

programme is

strengthen the cooperative base at village level and to introduce arrogance testing progrmame for improvement of animal breed. 20.

Annual turn over more than Rs. 100.00 crores of rupees. Highest among all the unions in the state.

21. Annual profitability highest among all the unions in the state.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE Organization structure is a systematic combination of people, functions and physical facilities. It constitutes a formal structure with defined authority and clear responsibility. Each and every person is given a job and then authority is assigned to him for the job. He is made responsible for the job. The structure and process by which a co-operative group of human beings allocate its task among its members, identifies relationship and integrates its activities towards the common objectives. Thus organizing structure aims and the saying. " Each one for a job and job for each one" Organization structure of milk plant, Its board consist of 19 Directors, They appoint General Manager and chairman. Then there are different departmental heads like manager Accounts Manager, Production Manager, Purchase and manager marketing etc. These heads have deputies for their assistance. The each department has different employees at departmental level. Verka milk plant is well organized". It helps in efficient 'running of concern.

MILK PROCUREMENT SECTION Milk procurement business is being looked after mainly by milk union Ludhiana. Procurement section is headed by manager milk procurement who is assisted by technical officers and supporting staff for obtaining the objectives. Milk is collected by milk procurement co- operative societies at the village level and purchased by milk union which further supplies that milk to milk plant after charging commission from

milk plant at the rate specified by the

milk union. Milk union Ludhiana procure 1.00 lac liters of milk per day at the time of commissiong of milk plant. But at present milk union procure 4 lacs lit of milk per day. I.

MILK HANDLING CAPACITY OF THE PLANT :- Detail of milk

handling capacity in % age is as under:Year

Milk handling capacity ( utilization ) percentage

2000-01

86.4

2001-02

92.5

2002-03

135.9

2003-04

141.6

2004-05

168.7

2005-06

175.2

2006-07

186.9

2007-08

219.8

250 219.8 200 186.9 168.7 150 135.9

100 86.4

175.2

141.6

92.5

50

0 2000-01

II.

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

CITY SUPPLY

Milk union, Ludhiana in addition to supplying the surplus" milk to national milk and Delhi also meet the social obligation of city supply to urban population of Ludhiana.

Four different types of milk that are Milk fat

Milk SNF (More than)

1.

Pasteurized skimmed milk(SKM)

0.5%

8.7%

2.

Pasteurised Double tonned milk (DTM)

1.5%

9.0%

3.

Pasteurized standarised milk (Std.)

4.5%

8.5%

4.

Pasteurized buffalo / Full cream milk (BM/FCM) 6.0%

8.5%

These four types of milk are packed in half liter, 1 liter & 5 liter poly sachets. There are 21 routes for city supply. Verka milk plant has its own 5 milk bars at different places. Sale or city supply milk during last 8 year is as under:Year

Sales of milk (Percentage per day)

2000-01

150.4

2001-02

135.6

2002-03

154.3

2003-04

168.9

2004-05

184.5

2005-06

192.8

2006-07

211.9

2007-08

240.8

250

240.8 211.9

200

184.5

192.8

168.9 150

154.3

150.4 135.6

100

50

0 2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

III.

AVERAGE COLLECTION OF MILK PER DAY (‘000KG)

Last 9 years record of average collection of milk per day is listed as under:Year

Average Collection (000 kg.)

2000-01

216

2001-02

179

2002-03

216

2003-04

242

2004-05

269

2005-06

256.7

2006-07

261.6

2007-08

295.5 295.5

300 269 250

256.7

261.6

242 216

216

200 179 150

100

INCEPTION 50

Milk Production is a very important part of the agricultural economy in the State 0 2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

of Punjab. Punjab is one of the smallest States in Indian Union with a total area of 50,362 Sq. Kms.,

which is 1.5% of the Indian landmass. Dairy Farming is an age-old subsidiary profession in the rural areas of Punjab. Punjab is the second largest milk producing state in India, producing around 10% of the countries Milk Production i.e. 8 million tones annually. 1. First Milk Plant, of the State was setup at Verka near Amritsar. 2. The brand name of Milk and Milk Products was adopted as Verka. 3. The Foundation stone of Milk Plant, Ludhiana was laid by Hon. S.

Parkash Singh Badal, the then Chief Minister of Punjab in 1970. 4.

Commissioning of the Plant was done by Punjab Dairy Development Corporation in 1974.

5.

Inauguration was done by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi the then Prime Minister of India.

6.

The capacity of the plant was 1.00 lac. Litre per day, Including powder plant of 7 MT.And now the milk handling capacity is 4.00 Lac Liter per

day.

.

OBJECTIVES 1. To strengthen dairy sector, Milk fed came into existence in 1978 and Simultaneously Distt. Milk unions were formed. 2. Village level cooperative societies were also formed on "Anand Pattern". The system was run by the farmers, of the farmers and for the farmers. 3. To give remunerative prices to farmers and to ensure permanent market for the whole year. 4. To provide technical inputs like artificial insemination, to improve the breed of

animals, animals health services, preventive disease

treatment and

awareness regarding farm management etc. 5. To provide ISI marks good quality balanced Cattle feed and fodder seeds to the farmers.

NECESSITY FOR PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT 1. Milk production in the area increased manifold with the result. Resultantly started receiving daily 2.50 LPD of milk. 2. To increase the participation of women 120 exclusively women societies

are organized with 15300 women members. Through Punjab Women Dairy Project a Central Govt. sponsored scheme. 3. Milk Production in the area increased manifold with

the

result.

Resultantly started receiving daily 2.50 Lac LPD of Milk and Peak procurement 4.5 Lac LPD. 4. To cater to the increased demand, necessity of expansion of milk plant

arose. 5. Capacity of Milk Plant enhanced from 1 lac to 4 lac liters with additional

powder. Plant of 30 MTs . 6. Plant is having latest State of Art Technology with MVR (Mechanical

Vapour Reprocesses) along with a drier with fluidized bed through which agglomerated Powder is manufactured. 7. This improved the socio- economic conditions of marginal and poor

farmers. 8. The profitability of the plant and turnover of the plant improved a lot. 9.

No. of societies increased from 94 to 751 and its membership from 5400 to 78000. 9. All the societies are in net profit and distributing bonus to its members.

.

QUALITY OF MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS 1. To improve the quality of raw milk, Clean Milk Production program

started in 650 villages and resultantly the quality of products increased. 2. Milk Plant, Ludhiana was the First in India in Dairy Sector to get ISO

Certification. 3. Under ISO Certification and HACCP (IS 15000) Milk Union started

export of Ghee, SMP to Gulf Countries Philippines, Manila, South Africa, Singapore, Bangla Desh etc. The export is more than 5.5 crore during the last year. 4. To further improve the quality of Raw Milk, Milk Union started 365

Automatic Milk collection Stations at village level. 5. To meet the Challenges of WTO Milk Union started TIFAC program

with the help of Ministry of information. 6. 22 Bulk Milk Coolers have been installed at village level to chill the milk on this spot and to check bacterial count. 7.

28 model dairy demonstration farms have been established including milking machines in distt. Of Ludhiana which has encouraged the farmers

to adopted dairy on large scale. 8.

Milk Union, Ludhiana is first in India which has installed Bectoscan worth 70 lacs and Somatic cell count machine have been installed at milk plant, Ludhiana.

.

PRESENT STATUS/ ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE PLANT 1. No. of societies increased from 94 to 751 and its membership from 5400

to 78000. 2. Milk Procurement has increased from 10200 LPD to 2,50,000 LPD

3.

Highest milk price is being paid to the milk producers as compare to other plants in the states

4.

Products being manufactured by Ludhiana Plant are sold at premium rates through out of the country and in the International Market.

5.

City supply has increase from 66000 LPD to 1,60,000 LPD.

6.

Turnover the plant touched to 180 crores Profit of the union has increased manifold.

7.

Capacity utilization of the plant is more than 80%.

8.

Milk products like Ghee, Table Butter, Skimmed Milk Powder, Whole Milk Powder, Curd, Paneer, Milk Cake etc are being manufactured by Milk Plant Ludhiana.

.

MISSION The milk plant has become less and future is looking hard. The milk plant is still standing ahead and not loosing courage. To meet the global competition milkfed Chandigarh has taken steps in the field of advertisement of products and has set aside Rs, 1 crore for this purpose. 1.

Providing improved technical input services to farmers.

2.

Setting up big commercial farms.

3.

More stress on clean milk production programme.

4.

Rural women empowerment.

5.

Massive women empowerment.

6.

Strengthing market base with specific stress on consumer market.

7.

Dynamic enhancement in Verka product mix.

Chapter- 2 EMPLOYEE’S HEALTH INTRODUCTION Various human resource development techniques may not help in achieving organizational development, unless the persons working in the organization

are

healthy. Professional efficiency, good

health

and

productivity are interrelated. Good health can promote high labour morale and productivity i.e. a healthy worker can work full time and has a

greater

productivity potential. Good health is also associated with better capability and leadership. Good health leads to positive attitudes. It is conductive to economic growth and

modernization. The people with good health are

generally enthusiastic and try to achieve higher and higher goals in life.

MEANING OF HEALTH Health is a stage of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of any disease. A person is considered healthy if he is well adjusted to the environment in which he works. According to the joint I.L.O/W.H.O committee on organizational Health, industrial health is (i) the prevention and maintenance of physical, mental and social well being of workers in all occupations (ii) prevention

among workers of ill health caused by the working conditions (iii) protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors averse to health and (iv) placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physical and psychological equipment.” The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health As “a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absence of disease of disease or infirmity.

OBJECTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH The basic objective of industrial health is the prevention of disease and injury rather than the cure of the disease. Claude veil has specified the following objectives of industrial health: (i)

The prevention and maintenance of the highest degree of the physical mental and social well being of workers.

(ii)

The prevention of factors which make for ill health in their working conditions.

(iii)

The protection of workers in their occupations from risks arising from factors which are adverse to the maintenance for the health.

(iv)

The placing and maintenance

of worker in an

environment which is adapted to his psychological

occupational and

equipment and The adaptation of work to man on his job.

physical

SIGNIFICANCE OF INDUSTRIAL HEALTH According to Labour Bureau, Government of India “one the one hand, efficiency in work is possible only when an employee is healthy: on the other the industry (in which he is employed) exposes him to certain hazards which he would not meet else where and which may affect his health. It is with the intention of reducing these hazards and improving the worker’s health that the discipline of industrial health came into being as a branch of public health in its own right.” The industrial health is significant because of the following reasons:(i)

To maintain and improve productivity and quality of work.

(ii)

To minimize absenteeism and labour turnover.

(iii)

To reduce industrial unrest, indiscipline and accidents.

(iv)

To improve employee motivation and morale.

(v)

To reduce spoilage and cost of operations.

(vi)

To preserve the physical and mental health of employees.

PRESENT STATE OF HEALTH IN INDIA In India, the Royal commission on labour (1931), the labour investigation committee (1946), the health survey and development committee (1943), the commission

labour welfare committee (1969) and

national

on labour (1969) all emphasized upon the “creation and

maintenance of as healthy an environment as possible, in the homes of the people as well as in all places where they congregate for work, amusement or recreation as essential.” The government of India, since independence has taken several steps to protect the health of the workers. The government has enacted several labour legislations protecting the health of the industrial workers. Such legislations are the factories act 1948, the mines act 1952, the Indian dock labourers act 1934, the motor transport workers act 1961. The coal mines (conservation and safety act), 1952 etc. Under these acts, several provisions of the concerned acts.

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 Section 11-20 of the act contains provisions to ensure that the conditions under which the workers have to work in factories do not have an adverse effect on their health. These provisions are as discussed below:-

1. cleanliness (sec.11). According to sec. 11, the factory shall be kept clean and free from foul smell arising form any drain, toilet or any other nuisance. Dirt and refuse shall be removed daily by sweeping or washing the floor, benches, stairness and passages. The floor of every work room shall be cleaned at least once a week by washing, using disinfectants where necessary or by some other effective method. Where a floor

becomes wet during the

manufacturing process, effective means of drainage shall be provided for. All inside walls and partitions, all ceilings or tops of the rooms and all walls, sides and tops of passages and staircases shall be kept white washed, colour washed or painted as the case may be from time to time as per provisions of the act. All doors and window frames and other wooden or metallic frame work and shutters and shall be kept painted or varnished and painting or varnishing shall be carried out a least once in ever five years. 2. Disposal of wastes and effluents.

According to sec 12, effective

arrangement shall be made in every factor for the disposal of wastes arising due to the manufacturing process carried on therein, so as to make them harmless.

The state government may make rules prescribing the arrangements to be made in this regard.

3. Ventilation and temperature. According to sec 13, every factory must provide for in every work room adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air. It will also ensure in the work room such a temperature as will secure to workers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health. Thus the walls and roofs of the work rooms shall be of such material and design as are helpful to keep the temperature and make rules providing for the keeping of thermometer in supecified places and the adoption of method which will keep the temperature low.

4. Dust and fume. According to sec 14, effective arrangements must be made in every factory for the prevention of the inhalation or accumulation of may be injurious to the health of the workers. If any exhaust appliance is necessary for this purpose it shall be installed as near as possible to the point of the dust, fume or other impurity. No internal combustion engine which is stationary shall be operated unless its exhaust is conducted into the open air.

5. Artificial humidification. According to sec 15, in respect of all the factories, in which the humidity of air is artificially increased,

the state

government may rules regarding the permissible standards of humidity, tests for

determining humidity and methods to be adopted for securing adequate ventilation and cooling of the air in the work rooms. The water used for humidification shall be purified before actual use. The inspector factories may also specify measures in this regard which should be carried out before the specified date.

6. Overcrowding. According to sec 16, no room in any factory shall be overcrowded to an extent which is injurious to the health of the workers employed therein. At least 9.9 cubic metres of

space per worker shall be

provided in a factor which was in existence on the date of commencement of this act.

7. Lighting. According to sec 17,there shall be sufficient and suitable lighting arrangement, natural or artificial or both, in every part of a factory where workers are working or passing through. Under this provision, all glazed windows and sky lights used for the lighting of the workroom shall be kept clean or both the inner and the outer sides to allow free flow of light.

8. Drinking water.

According to sec 18, in every factory, effective

arrangements shall be made to provide sufficient and pure drinking water to all the workers employed therein. The water points should be conveniently situated and properly maintained. All such points shall be legibly marked “Drinking Water” in a language understood by majority of the workers employed in the factory. No such point shall be situated within six metres, ofany washing place,

urinals, latrine, open drain etc.

9. Spittoons. According to sec 20, a sufficient number of spittoons must be provided at convenient places in every factory. They must be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition. The state government may make rules regarding their number, locations and maintenance. No person shall spittoons. If a person does so he may fined up to Rs. 5

MENTAL HEALTH OF THE EMPLOYEE: The employees should adopt the following measures to improve the mental health of the employees because a mentally tense, anxious and sick person has a tendency to develop various symptoms of organic disorders: (i)

Ensuring all facilities to employees in time to avoid tensions and diversion of mind.

(ii) (iii)

Prompt decision making regarding the cases of the employees. Ensuring transparency in administration to develop confidence and commitment among employees.

(iv)

Encouraging honest and hardworking employees to create mental happiness Psychologists have proved the motivational value of the non-monetary factors. Such motivation to self actualize would lead to

mental happiness. (v)

Locating shirkers and providing consulting to them, to protect the mental Health of the organization.

(vi)

Inculcation of ethical values.

(vii)

Stimulating leadership of create qualities of head and heart among employees and removing mental tensions and fears.

(viii)

Modify the pressure placed on the working people by

creating a

healthy Environment and sound management policies and practices.

SOCIAL HEALTH OF THE EMPLOYEES Social health is another dimension of the employee’s health. Social health means how an individual can have healthy relations with persons with whom he comes in contact. The following measures may be initiated to ensure the social health of the employees: (i)

Provision of good staff clubs with all amenities of indoor

and

outdoor games. This informal relationship among employees and their families can generate bonds of friendship, love and affection and these

feelings can be transferred to work situations. (ii)

Arranging meetings in office time to involve the employees, so that

a sense of belongingness can be created in them. (iii)

Free access to seniors to remove a large number of tensions and

Unnecessary references. (iv)

Arranging cultural programmes during festivals or others occasions so that employees can get relaxed and feel charged.

(v)

Arranging tours to nearby scenic places or hill stations to refresh the minds of the employees and to accelerate the rate of social interactions.

SPIRITUAL HEALTH OF THE EMPLOYEES Health has its base in spiritual powers. Organizations can arrange different lectures on spiritually which can keep the health of the employees in good USA are offering courses in spirituality, region and health. Studies have found that religious folks have lower blood

pressure, less depression and

anxiety, stronger immune system and generally spend less money on medicines than people who do not believe in the existence of god and are less involved in religious activities. Scientists cannot prove that god heals but they can prove that belief in god has a beneficial effect. There is little doubt that healthy religious facts and practices can help people get better.

EMLOYEES SAFETY Large scale industrialization has been the result of mechanism and automation. On the other hand, it has resulted in mass production of goods for the welfare of the society, on the other hand it has brought in industrial hazards, like accidents etc. industrial accidents may occur on account of a number of factors ever since the beginning of this century, employee safety and accidents have been attracting the attention of the psychologists and, sociologists and industrial engineers. Psychologists are

concerned

with

the

theoretical

considerations of accident causation and the research into accident control. The questions that have interested psychologists in studying accidents in industry are “Do accidents really happen due to accidental causes or are there any specific variables or factors which cause them?” Engineers and safety officers usually render necessary practical advice on certain aspects of safety in industry. They look upon prevention of accidents basically as an engineering problem to be tackled through proper beginning of mechanical safety devices. In fact, accident prevention and safety are interested and, therefore, require multidimensional approach.

MEANING OF ACCIDENT

An industrial accident may be defined as “an occurrence which interrupts or interferes with the orderly progress of work in an industrial establishment.”

THE FACTORIES ACT, 1948 defines accidents as “an Occurrenc in an industrial establishment causing bodily injury to a person which makes him unfit to resume his duties in the next 48 hours”. As per this actevery occurrence which may injure a worker is not an accident. The injury inflicted on a worker should be serious which makes him unfit for work at least for two days. Any casual injury is not covered under ‘accident’. There are several ways by which accidents can be prevented. The National Safety Council, U.S.A. says that accident prevention depends on three E’s – ‘Engineering, Education and Enforcement, the job should be engineered for safety, employees should be educated in safe procedures and safety rules should be properly enforced. Following steps may be taken to prevent industrial accidents: 1. Proper safety measures. There should be proper safety measures to

avoid accidents. Government also gives guidelines

for enacting

measures for checking accidents, these should be properly

followed.

Physical hazard should be avoided, machines should

be properly

guarded, danger are should be fenced etc. 2.

Proper Selection. Any wrong selection of employees will

create

problems later on. Sometimes, employees are accident prone, they may not be properly suitable for the job etc. the selection of employees should be based on properly devised tests so that their suitability of the job is determined. 3.

Safety Conscious. The employees should be made conscious of several measures. There should be proper workings, slogans and advices to the employees for making them conscious. The slogans like the following will keep the workers thinking about safety measures. “Accidents means Disablement” “Safety saves” “Alertness is the best precaution”

4.

Enforcement of Discipline. There should be disciplinary action against those who flout safety measures. There may be negative punishments like warnings, fines, lay offs, terminations etc. proper enforcement of discipline will force workers to follow the various safety instructions.

5. Incentives. Workers should be given incentives for maintaining safety. There may also be safety contents among workers. Those who follow

Safety

instruction should

be given monetary and non-monetary

incentives. 6. Safety Committees. Safety measures are in the interests of both workers and management. There should be committees having representatives of workers and employees for devising and enforce safety programmes. Such committees will be more effective in implementing safety devices because various measures will have the consent of workers through their representatives. 7. Proper Maintenance of Machines and Equipment. Accidents may occur due to the fault in the machines or equipment. There should be proper maintenance of machines. These should be regularly greased, safety devices checked and frequently inspected

by engineering

department personnel.

8.

Safety Training. The workers should

be given training in safety

measures. They should know the hazards of the machines, the areas of accident proneness and the likely precautions in case of some accident. The training programme should be arranged both for the workers and supervisors.

LEGAL PROVISIONS REGARDING SAFETY OF WORKERS The Factories Act, 1948 deals with the safely of factory workers in India. 21 to 41 of the Act deal with safety provisions. The safety of the workers is The prime responsibility of the owner of the

factory. The requirements

provided under the Act are absolute and are in no way dependent upon previous notice or warning from the Inspector of factories. The provisions dealing with the safety of workers in different States are supplemented by Rules framed by each state government. So in relation to a factory in a particular state, the rules of the government of that state must be referred to. The safety provisions given under the Factories Act, 1948 are described as follows:1. Fencing of Machinery (Sec 21) In every factory, every moving part of a prime mover and every wheel connected to a prime mover, every part of an electric generator, motor or rotary

convertor, every part of transmission machinery and every dangerous part of any other machinery shall be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction which shall be constantly maintained and kept in position while the parts of machinery they are fencing are in motion or in use. However, such fencing may be removed to a safe extent for an examination, lubrication or other adjusting operation while

the machinery is in motion, the state

government is empowered to frame rules in this regard. 2. Work on or near the machine in motion (Sec 22) With a view to secure the safety of the workers when it is necessary to examine the machinery while in motion, it is required that such examination or operation shall be made or carried out only by a specially trained adult male worker wearing a tight fitting dress

which shall be

supplied by the occupier of the factory. Such worker shall handle a moving pulley under safe conditions only as per the provisions of the Act. 3. Employment of young persons on dangerous machines (Sec 23) No young person shall be required or allowed to work at any dangerous machine unless he has been fully instructed and trained regarding the dangers arising from the machine and the necessary precautions have been taken.

4. Striking Gear and Devices for Cutting Off Power (Sec 24) In every factory suitable striking gear

or

other efficient

mechanical appliances shall be provided and maintained and used to move driving belts to and from fast and loose pulleys which form part of the transmission machinery. Such gear or appliances shall be so constructed, placed and maintained as to prevent the belt from creeping back on the fast pulley. Driving belts, when not in use shall not be allowed to rest or ride upon the shafts in motion. In every factory, suitable devices for cutting off power in emergence, from the running machinery shall be provided and maintained in every room. However, the above provision shall apply only to work rooms in which, electricity is used as power .When a device which can inadvertently shift from ‘OFF to ON’ position is provided In the factory to cut off power, arrangements shall be made for locking

the device in a safe position to

prevent accidental starting of the transmission machinery or other machines to which the device is fitted. 5. Self Acting Machines (Sec 25) No part of a self acting machine which moves sideways in any factory and no material carried thereon shall, if the space over which it runs is a space over which any person is likely to pass, whether the cause of his employment or otherwise, be allowed to run on its outward or inward movement within a

distance 45 cms from any fixed structure which is not a part of the machine. 6. Casting of New Machinery (Sec 26) It is an important duty of the seller or hirer or their agents to encase, sunk or otherwise effectively guard every screw, bolt or key, revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or pinion of the machine to prevent danger to the workers. Anybody who does not comply with the provisions of this subsection shall be punishable with imprisonment upto 3 months or with fine upto Rs. 500 or with both. The state government may also make rules specifying further safeguard to be provided in respect of any other dangerous part of any particular machine or machines.

7. Prohibition of Employment of Women and Children near Cotton Openers (Sec 27) No women or child shall be employed in any part of a factory where pressing cotton openers is at work. Provided that if the feed end of the cotton openers is in a room separated from the delivery end by a partition extending to the roof or to such height as the inspector may in specific case specify in writing, women and children may be employed on the side of the partition where the feed end is situated.

8. Hoists and Lifts (Sec 28) In every factory:(a)

every hoist and lift shall be :

(i)

of good mechanical construction, sound material and adequate strength.

(ii)

Properly maintained and shall be thoroughly examined

by a

competent person at least once in every period of six months and register shall be kept containing the presidential particulars of every such examination. (b)

every hoist way and lift shall be sufficiently protected by an enclosure fitted with gates and the hoist or lift and every such enclosure shall be so constructed as to prevent any person or thing and any fixed structure or moving part.

9. Lifting Machines, Chains, Ropes and Lifting Tackles (Sec 29) In any factory, the following provisions shall be complied with respect to every lifting machine (other than a hoist and lift) and every chain, rope and lifting tackle goods or materials: (a) All parts of every lifting machine, chain, rope or lifting tackle shall be of good construction, sound material and adequate strength. It shall be free from defects and

properly maintained. It shall be thoroughly examined by a

competent person at least once in every period of 12 months or at such intervals as the Chief Inspector may specify in writing. A register shall be kept containing the prescribed particulars of every such examination. (b) No lifting machine, chain, rope or lifting tackle shall, except for the purpose of test, be loaded beyond the safe working load which shall be plainly marked thereon. (c) Where any person is employed or is working on or near the wheel track of a traveling crane in any place where he may be struck by the crane, effective measures shall be taken to ensure that the crane does not approach within six metres of that place.

10. Revolving Machinery (Sec 30) In every factory, in which the process of grinding is carried on, there shall be permanently affixed to or placed near each machine in use, a notice indicating the maximum safe working speed of every grindstone or abrasive wheel, the speed of the shaft or spindle and the diameter of the pulley upon which sue shaft or spindle and such speeds shall in no case be exceeded. 11. Pressure plant (Sec 31) If any factory, any part of the plant or machinery used in a manufacturing process is operated at a pressure above atmospheric pressure,

effective measures shall be taken to ensure that the safe working pressure of such part is not exceeded. 12. Stairs and Means of Access (Sec 32) In every factory, all floors, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be of sound construction and properly maintained and shall be kept free from obstruction and substances likely to cause persons to slip and where it is necessary to ensure safety, steps, stairs, passages and gangways shall be provided with substantial handrails. 13. Pits, Sumps, Opening in Floors etc. (Sec 33) In any factory, any fixed vessel, sump, tank, pit or opening in the ground or in a floor which by reason of its depth, situation, construction or contents is or may be a source of danger shall be either securely covered or securely fenced. The state government may exempt compliance in any particular case. 14. Excessive Weights (Sec 34) No person shall be employed in any factory to lift, carry or move any load so heavy as to be likely to cause him injury. The state government may make rules prescribing the maximum weights which may be lifted, carried or moved by adult men, adult women, adolescents and children employed in any

factory. 15. Protection of Eyes (Sec 35) In respect of any such manufacturing process carried on in any factory as may be prescribed being a process which involves. (a) Risk of injury to the eyes from particles or fragments thrown off in the course of the process or (b)

Risk to the eyes by reason of exposure to excessive light, the

state government may by rules require that effective screens or suitable goggle shall be provided for the protection of persons employed on or in the immediate vicinity of the process. 16. Precautions against Dangerous Fumes (Sec 36) No person shall be required or allowed to enter any chamber, tank, vat, pit, pipe, flue or other confined space in any factory in which any gas, fume, vapour or dust is likely to be present to such an extent as to involve risk to persons being overcome thereby, unless it is provided with a manhole of adequate size or other effective means of getting out. No person shall be required or allowed to enter any confirmed space referred to above unless all practical measures have been taken to remove any gas, fume, vapour or dust which may be present so as to bring its level within the permissible limits and

to prevent any entry of such gas, fume, vapour or dust etc. unless (i)

A certificate in writing has been given by a competent person,

Based on a test carried out by him that the space is reasonably free from dangerous, gas fume, vapour or dust or (ii)

Such person is bearing suitable breathing apparatus and a belt

securely attached to a rope, the free end of which is held by a person outside the confined space. 17. Precautions regarding the use of Portable Electric Lights (36 A) In any factory:(a)

No portable electric light or any other appliance of voltage

exceeding twenty four volts shall be permitted for use inside any chamber, tank, vat, pipe, pit, flue or other confined space, and (b) If any inflammable gas, fume or dust is likely to be present in such

chamber, tank, vat, pipe, pit, flue or other confined place, no lamp light other than that of flame proof construction shall be permitted to be used therein.

18. Explosive or Inflammable Dust, Gas etc. (Sec 37) Where in any manufacturing process produces dust, gas, fume or vapour of such character and to such extent as to be likely to explode on ignition, all practicable measures shall be taken to prevent any such explosion by:-

(a) Effective enclosure of the plant or machinery used in the process. (b) Removal or prevention of the accumulation of such dust, gas, fumes. (c) Exclusion or effective enclosure of all possible sources of ignition.

19. Precautions in case of fire (Sec 38) All practicable measures shall be taken in every factory to prevent any outbreak of fire and its spread both internally and externally. Safe means of escape for all persons in the event of fire and necessary equipments and facilities for extinguishing the fire shall also be provided and maintained. All the workers shall also be adequately trained and make familiar with the means of escape in case of fire. The state Government may make rules requiring the measures to be adopted for the above provision. If the Chief Inspector is of the opinion that the measures provided in the factory are inadequate he may by an order in writing require that such additional measures as he may consider reasonable and necessary be provided in the factory before such date as specified in the order. 20. Power to require Specification of defective Parts or Tests of Stability (Sec 39) If it appears to the Inspector that any building or part of a building or any part of the ways, machinery or plant in a factory is in such a condition that it

may be dangerous to human life or safety, he may serve on the occupier or manager or both of the factory an order in writing requiring him before a specified date: (a) To furnish such drawings, specifications and other particulars as may

be necessary to determine whether such building ways, machinery or plant can be used with safety. (b) To carry out such tests in such manner as may be specified in the

order and to inform the Inspector of the results thereof. 21. Safety of Building and machinery (Sec 40) If it appears to the Inspector that any building or part of a building, or any part of the ways, machinery or plant in a factory is in such a condition that it is dangerous to human life or safety, he may serve on the occupier or manager or both of the factory an order in writing specifying the measures which in his opinion should be adopted and requiring them to be carried out before a specified date. 22. Maintenance of Buildings (Sec 40 A) If it appears to the Inspector that any building or part of a building in a factory is in such a state of disrepair as is likely to lead to conditions detrimental to the health and welfare of the workers he may serve on the occupier or manager or both of the factory an order in writing specifying the

measures which in his opinion would be taken and requiring the same to be carried out before such date as is specified in the order. 23. Safety Officers (Sec 40 B) In every factory where in one thousand or more workers are ordinarily employed or where in the opinion of the State Government, any manufacturing process or operation is carried on, which involves any risk of bodily injury, poisoning or disease or any other hazard to health, to the persons employed in the factory, the occupier shall if so required by the state government by notification in the Official Gazette. Employ such number of safety officers as may be specified in that Notification. The duties, qualifications and conditions of service of the safety officers shall be such as may be prescribed by the state government. 24. Powers to make Rules to supplement the above Provisions (Sec 41) The state government may make rules requiring the provisions in any factory or in any class or description of factories of such further devices and measures for s securing the safety of persons employed therein as it may deem necessary. In addition to the Factories Act 1948, there are a few more Acts which provide measures for the safety of workers, as given below:

(i)

The Dock Workers

(Regulation of Employment)

Act 1948,

provides for measures for ensuring the health and welfare of the dock workers and the Dock Workers (Safety, Health and Welfare) scheme 1961 under the Act of 1948 which provides safety measures for those workers who are not covered under the regulation of 1948. (ii)

The Indian Dock Laborers Act, 1934 takes care of workers

engaged on board the ship and alongside the slip. (iii)

The Mines act 1952 applies to mines of all types including mines

of atomic minerals and oil fields. The Directorate General of Mines Safety has been entrusted with the function of enforcing the provision of Mines Act 1952 and the rules and regulations framed therein.

Chapter- 3 Objective of Employee Health & Safety 1. To study various health and safety provision implemented at Verka Milk Plant. 2. To study the satisfaction level of employees regarding health and safety provisions. 3. To study how often equipments are checked. 4. To find whether employees are Induction training or not.

provided with health and safety

CHAPTER – 4

RESEARCH METHODO1OGY Methodology makes the most important contribution towards the enrichment of the study. In a research there are number of methods and procedures to be applied but it is the nature of the problem under investigation that determines the adaptation of a particular method for all studies method selected should always be appropriate is the problem under investigation.

Methodology adopted: The research is aimed at studying the analysis of organization culture at VERKA Milk Plant. The city covered under the research was Ludhiana.

Sample size: The sample size was so selected to give the true picture of the culture. The lot Sample size for the Plant is 50. Number of employees in Verka Milk Plant

= 50

Total lot size

= 50

Sampling techniques: Convenience sampling was used to conduct this study. Under this technique sample of respondents were chosen according to the convenience of the respondents.

Methods of data collection: Data may be obtained either from the primary sources or the secondary sources by seeing the objective to be achieved. A primary source is one in which one itself collects the data. A secondary source is that makes in which one available data which were collected by some other agency.

Primary data: The main research instrument is the primary data “THE QUESTIONNARE”. This is the most common instrument in collecting the primary data, which was used for fulfilling our objectives. The data will be collected with the help of the questionnaire that will be administrate on employees of verka milk plant, LDH.

Secondary data: The secondary data will be obtained from Internet and from various books.

Data analysis & interpretation: After a complete identify of questions asked from respondents, calculating the frequency of response, tabulated data and percentage was worked out wherever necessary. The conclusions were drawn on the basis of frequency of response/percentage.

CHAPTER – 5

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Q1. Do you know about healthy working condition?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

40

80%

2.

No

10

20%

90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No Yes

No

Interpretation This table shows that 80% of employees know about healthy working condition and 20% do not know.

Q2. Are you aware of Factories Act 1948?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

7

14%

2.

No

43

86%

90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Yes No

Yes

Interpretation

No

This table shows that 14% employees aware about Factory Act 1948 and 86% do not Aware.

.

Q3. Are you satisfied with?

Ventilation Room temperature lighting Cleanliness Seating arrangement Rest room Drinking water Spittoons Latrines

High satisfy 7 3 4 5 7 5 6 0 2

Satisfy 37 17 34 35 32 31 28 21 20

Neutral 5 29 11 4 8 7 15 3 8

Dissatisfy 1 1 1 7 3 7 1 25 19

High dissatisfy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

.

Q4. Are the employees provided with health and safety induction training?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

8

16%

2.

No

42

84%

90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40%

No Yes

30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretation The table show that 16% employees provide with health and safety induction training and 84% not provide. Q5. Is there any restriction for smoking at work?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

48

96%

2.

No

2

4%

120% 100% 80% No Yes

60% 40% 20% 0% Yes

Interpretation

No

Above diagram shows that 96% person answered that there is restriction to smoking at work and 4% answered in negative.

Q6. If no, do you provide a smoke fees rest area?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

1

50%

2.

No

1

50%

60% 50% 40% No Yes

30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretation The table show that 50% employees says that they are provided a smoke free rest area and other 50% do not agree.

Q7. Is there any provision for pregnant women & nursing mother to rest if they need?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

46

92%

2.

No

4

8%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60%

No Yes

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretation This table show that 92% employees says that there are provision for pregnant & nursing mother to rest if they need and 8% employees are not agree.

Q8. Are the machine repaired & regularly maintained?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

31

62%

2.

No

19

38%

70% 60% 50% 40%

No Yes

30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretation The table show that 62% employees says that machines are repaired & regularly maintained and 38% are not agree.

Q9. Are you satisfied with?

Hoist & lifts Lifting machine, ropes Floor & stairs Fire extinguishers

High satisfy 5 4 4 4

Satisfy 17 39 36 42

Neutral 23 5 7 4

Dissatisfy 5 2 3 0

High dissatisfy 0 0 0 0

.

Q10. Are all the equipment used at workplace, safe to use? Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

39

78%

2.

No

11

22%

90% 80% 70% 60% 50%

No

40%

Yes

30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretation The table shows that 78% employees says that all the equipment used at workplace safe to use and 22% employees not agree.

Q11. Are you provided with health & safety information?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

15

30%

2.

No

35

70%

80% 70% 60% 50%

No Yes

40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Yes

No

Interpretations The table show that 30% employees says that they are provide with health & safety Information and 70% are not agree.

Q12. Is the fixed electrical installation regularly inspected & maintained?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

47

94%

2.

No

3

6%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

No Yes

Yes

No

Interpretation The table shows that 94% employees agrees with fixed regularly inspected & maintained and 6% employees do not agrees.

Q13. If yes, how often

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Monthly

25

52%

2.

After six months 20

43%

3.

Yearly

5%

2

Monthly After six months Yearly

Interpretation The table show that 52% employees agree with monthly, 43% agree with after six

months and 5% agree with yearly.

Q14. Is there any safety officer appointed in your organization?

Sr.no.

Option

Responses

%age

1.

Yes

45

90%

2.

No

5

10%

100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

No Yes

Yes

No

Interpretation This table shows that 90% employees says that safety officer appointed in their organization and 10% employees do not agree.

Chapter-6 FINDING OF THE STUDY 1. 80% employees know about healthy working condition & 20% do not know. 2. Only 14% employees aware about Factory Act 1948. 3. More employees are satisfy regarding ventilation, lighting, drinking water. 4. The 16% employees view they are provided with health and safety induction training. 5. According to 96% employees there is restriction to smoking at work. 6. 62% employees answered that machine are repaired & regularly maintained. 7. According to 78% employee’s equipment used at work place safe to use and 22% are not agree. 8. 70% employees says that they are not provided with health and safety information & 30% are provided. 9. According to 94% employees the electrical installation regularly maintained monthly and after six months. 10. The 90% employees says that safety officer appointed in the organization.

Chapter-7

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

1)

Due to time constraint, only one company are selected for the study.

2)

Convenient sampling technique is used to select the data. Due to

which

chances of biasness are there.

3)

Error during calculation and tabulation may arise .

4)

Due to personal biasness of the respondent involved in the study ,

the result thus obtained may not be very much accurate. 5)

Some to the respondent were educated.

6)

As per knowledge data was collected and analyzed, error may be

there. 7)

Generally the respondents were busy in their work and were not

interested in responding out rightly.

Chapter-8

.

SUGGESTIONS 1. New training program should be introduced. 2. Regularly health checkup should be necessary. 3. Proper facility to the rest room should be available. 4. Need for proper hygienic food. 5. To provide health and safety induction training. 6. Make provision for pregnant women and nursing mother to rest if they need. 7. The machine repaired and regularly maintained. 8. To provide health and safety information. 9. Proper facility to the lighting, seating, drinking water, spittoons and latrines.

.

Chapter-9 BIBLIOGRAPHY i.

Human Resource Management By:- Shashi k. Gupta Rosy Joshi

ii.

Human Resource Management By:- C.V Rao

iii.

Research Methodology] By:- C. kothari

Chapter-10

ANNEXURE QUESTIONNARIE

NAME

-------------------------------------

AGE

-------------------------------------

GENDER

-------------------------------------

Q1.

Do you know about healthy working condition? Yes

No

Q2. Are you aware of Factories Act 1948? Yes

No

Q3. Are you satisfied with? High satisfy

Ventilation Room temperature Lighting Cleanliness Seating arrangement Rest rooms Dirking water

Satisfy

Neutral

Dissatisfy

High dissatisfy

Spittoons Latrines

Q4. Are the employees provided with health and safety induction training? Yes

No

Q5. Is there any restriction for smoking at work? Yes

No

Q6. If no, do you provide a smoke fees rest area? Yes

No

Q7. Is there any provision for pregnant women & nursing mother to rest if they need? Yes

No

Q8 Are the machine repaired & regularly maintained? Yes

No

Q9. Are you satisfied with? High satisfy

Satisfy

Neutral

Dissatisfy

Hoist & lifts Lifting machine, ropes Floor & stairs Fire extinguishers Q10. Are all the equipment used at workplace, safe to use?

High dissatisfy

Yes

No

Q11. Are you provided with health & safety information? Yes

No

Q12. Is the fixed electrical installation regularly inspected & Maintained? Yes

No

Q13. If yes, how often Monthly After six months Yearly Q14. Is there any safety officer appointed in your organization? Yes

No