Must to Do Thing in IELTS Writing Task 2

IELTS Writing Task 2: how to use your 40 minutes You have 40 minutes for task 2, so try organising your time in the following way. Please note that these are suggestions, not rules. First 10 minutes Read the question and make sure you understand what it is asking you to do. Write a plan for a 4-paragraph essay (introduction, 2 main paragraphs, conclusion) and spend most of the 10 minutes thinking of ideas for the 2 main paragraphs. 5 minutes Write your introduction: 2 sentences are enough. 20 minutes Spend 10 minutes on each of your main body paragraphs. These are they most important part of your essay, and the key to a high score. Last 5 minutes Write a quick conclusion then check your work.

Must To Do Thing in IELTS Writing Task 2: IELTS Package, strongly advice all IELTS test takers to learn the usage of the below mentioned words. If you are thinking to get 7 or 7.5 Bands in writing task, than it is extremely important that you must learn the usage of below mentioned words in your writing by Hook or Crook. In our previous post we have already provided you the IELTS Writing Task 2 Free Samples. Therefore, from those samples you can easily comprehend the utilization of these mentioned words. Showing Instead of, On the other hand, Depicting Conclude, Even though, In Comparison of In Addition to,

Furthermore, Despite of, Likewise, Revealing In a nutshell, Rather than In contrast with For Example,

Moreover, Conclusively, Depicts Infer Pertaining In comparison with Adhere For Instance,

Some Important Things for Writing Task 2: In IELTS writing task 2, the examiner is not just looking for your vocabulary, but also looking for your perfect grammar and punctuation. In IELTS preparation material download provided at this blog, you will notice that right grammar and punctuation is very much necessary. IELTS Package recommends all IELTS test takers that they must have grip on “Present-Perfect Tense”, “Present-Indefinite Tense”, “Present-PerfectContinuous” & “Future-Indefinite Tense” to write their essays more effectively. Similarly, use of punctuation also plays a vital role in your final grading. For this reason, always use proper punctuation. For instance, always use “Comma” after words like Furthermore, Moreover, Therefore, Instead Of, Conclusively, In a nutshell etc. Also, use “Comma” before word “BUT” and use “Comma” after word “Which,”

Task Response Factor 1:

In your IELTS writing task 2 you will be provided with a statement on any subject issue, on which you have to write an essay of minimum 250 words. IELTS package has mentioned that the response to the thesis statement is of prime importance. The IELTS examiner wants to see whether or not you have addressed all the questions with support and

relevant ideas? Therefore, IELTS Package has mentioned that the support in essay should be very much strong. For this support you can present your own personal experience to validate your own viewpoints.

Cohesion & Coherence Factor 2: Cohesion = How effective is your writing + Supporting Ideas & Flow Coherence = How you understand statement + How well reader Interpret your statement

Lexical Resource Factor 3: Use good vocabulary and don’t repeat the same words over and over again. Try to use different words, but in the right context.

Grammatical Range and Accuracy Factor 4: In your IELTS preparation and practice, make it sure that you are working on your grammar at the same time. In your IELTS writing task 2, the examiner will be looking for accurate, flexible and appropriate grammatical structure within your essay. As per the information provided by the IELTS Package, it is evident that IELTS test is more concerned with your communication rather than your sentence structuring and grammatical skills.

4-paragraph essay for "discuss and give your opinion" questions. Notice that I give my opinion in 3 places (introduction, paragraph 3, conclusion). In a discursive/discussion essay, you talk about other people's opinions, or the advantages and disadvantages - you don't make it personal i.e. YOUR opinion is not important. In an argumentative essay, you give YOUR opinion and try to support it.       

Agree / disagree Discuss two opinions Advantages & disadvantages Causes (reasons) & solutions Causes (reasons) & effects Problems & solutions Compare & contrast

Not every essay will fit one of these patterns, but many do. You may get some of these tasks mixed up. For example, you could be asked to give your opinion on an issue, and then discuss the advantages or disadvantages of it. The golden rule is to ALWAYS read the question very carefully to see exactly what you are being asked to do.

IELTS Advice: you need ideas and opinions A problem for many students (for writing task 2 and speaking part 3) is that they don't have opinions. They don't have any idea what to write or say. Look through the following list of common IELTS topics. Do you have opinions about them? Could you discuss them in an essay or in a conversation? 1. 2. 3. 4.

Advertising Animal Rights: testing on animals, vegetarianism, zoos Cities: urbanisation, problems of city life Crime: police, punishments/prisons, rehabilitation, capital punishment

5. Education: studying abroad, technology in education, education in developing countries, higher education, home-schooling, bad behaviour, corporal punishment, single sex education, streaming (grouping children according to ability) 6. Environment: global warming, impact of humans on the environment, solutions to environment problems, waste/rubbish, litter, recycling, nuclear power 7. Family: family size, working parents, negative effects on children, divorce, care for old people 8. Gender: gender and education, gender and work, women‟s and men‟s role in the family 9. Genetic Engineering: positives, negatives, genetically modified foods 10. Global Issues: problems in developing countries, how to help developing countries, immigration, multicultural societies, globalisation 11. Government and Society: what governments can do, public services, censorship, video cameras in public places 12. Guns and Weapons: gun ownership and possession, police and guns, nuclear weapons, armed forces 13. Health: diet, exercise, state health systems, private healthcare, alternative medicine, stress 14. Housing and Architecture: state housing, old buildings, modern/green buildings 15. International Language: English as an international language 16. Money: money and society, consumerism 17. Personal Development: happiness, success, nature or nurture 18. Sport and Leisure: professional/competitive sport, sport salaries, sport and politics 19. Tourism: positives, negative effects on environment, future of tourism 20. Traditions and Modern Life: losing traditional skills, traditional customs 21. Transport: traffic problems and solutions, public transport, road safety 22. Television, Internet and Mobile Phones: positives and negatives, Internet compared to newspapers and books 23. Water: importance of clean water, water supply, water should be free, bottled water 24. Work: same job for life, self-employment, unemployment, work/life balance, technology and work, child labour This is the topic list that I work with when preparing lessons and it's the basis of my eBook. It's a good idea to print this list and try to work through it. Frases: work out of necessity, extended families, desire to have a career, it comes down to priorities

prohibited, verified and oppressive. Examples of good collocation include prejudices a fair trial and tackle the problems We often use the -ING form after "rather than".

Sometimes, the best way to think of ideas for an essay is to start with an example. One good example can give you enough ideas for a full paragraph. It should be "play too MANY video/computer games" or "play video games too much/often" or "spend too much time playing video games".

The American English spelling is 'globalization' - British „globalisation‟. You can use either spelling in the IELTS test. I'd write: - People aged 30... - (The) 30-year-olds... - People who are 30 years old...

- At age 30 / At the age of 30 (number 4 in your list) - The group of people aged 30... It's difficult to use "age group" with the number. I'd use age group when speaking in general e.g. "The chart shows different age groups" or "people in the first age group..." In your list, number 4 is good, but I wouldn't use the others.

After a number we DON'T write "s". e.g. 2 million people live in this city. Without a number, we DO write "s". e.g. Millions of people are moving to live in cities.

Could you tell me some alternatives for the following sentences? 1.There are several reasons for this problems. 2....may cause several problems. 3.Measures could be taken to tackle this problem. 1. There are multiple reasons behind "drug problem" or "the problem of.." or "why ..." 2. .....can trigger ...problem .....can give rise to .....problem 3. We should take action to address this problem immediately. SSS 1. This problem may be caused by a variety of factors. 2. There may be several negative consequences of... 3. Governments/parents/schools/members of the public (etc.) could take action/steps to address this issue.

"Band 7 Vocabulary" When I say "band 7 vocabulary", I'm really talking about vocabulary that could help you to get a band 7 or higher. Examiners are looking for "less common" words and phrases, correct and relevant collocations, and maybe some idiomatic language. I've written the following paragraph using some of the ideas from the lesson below. I've underlined the band 7 (or higher) vocabulary.

IELTS Writing Task 2: collocations Collocations are groups of words that are often found together. Native speakers have a large repertoire of these word groups, and can use them without thinking. Language learners need to build their own repertoire of collocations through reading and listening, and by noticing word groups that commonly occur.   

a rich variety a vital part, a necessary part a range of reasons

      

musical preferences life stories express emotions, arouse emotions a commercial product cultural identity human existence give importance

These are just some of the most obvious collocations in the essay. We could also add grammatical collocations like 'a means of' and 'valued over'. Advantages of studying abroad: Many students choose to study abroad because there are greater opportunities in a particular foreign country. Foreign universities may offer better facilities or courses. They may also be more prestigious than universities in the student‟s own country and have teachers who are experts in their fields. Therefore, by studying abroad, students can expand their knowledge and gain qualifications that open the door to better job opportunities. A period of study abroad can also broaden students‟ horizons. In the new country, they will have to live and work with other students of various nationalities. Thus, overseas students are exposed to different cultures, customs and points of view. (106 words)

SSS 'Advertising' has been the topic of IELTS writing task 2 several times this year. It's a popular topic, so you need some ideas and opinions about it.       

Advertising should be _regulated_____. Advertising _aimed at___ children should be controlled or even banned. Unhealthy foods should not be marketed _ in a way that _____ attracts children. Products that can be a risk to health should __display____ warnings. However, advertising is necessary in free _market_____ economies. It creates __demand for___ products. Governments should only __censor____ false information or products that are harmful.

Fill the gaps with these words/phrases: market, in a way that, regulated, display, censor, demand for, aimed at Note: 'Advertising' is uncountable (you can't say "an advertising" or "advertisings"). 'Advertising' is the name of the industry, activity or profession (like 'marketing'). 'An advertisement' (or 'advertisements') is what you see on TV, in the street, in newspapers etc. Formal language When writing or speaking, we choose the words which seem most suitable to the purpose and audience. In academic writing we use formal language, avoiding the use of slang and colloquial language. 1. When I look at the situation in emergency wards, with many staff leaving, it's hard not to worry about how many doctors will be available to treat patients in the future. – INFORMAL 2. If we consider the situation in emergency wards, with increasingly low staff retention rates, there are concerns about the capacity of hospitals to maintain adequate doctor to patient ratios. - FORMAL 3. It's so obvious that people were given jobs just because they were male or female. I don't think that is an acceptable approach and is even against the law. – INFORMAL 4. It appears that in a number of instances jobs were assigned on the basis of gender. Given the current antidiscrimination laws, this raises serious concerns. – FORMAL English often has two (or more) choices to express an action or occurrence. The choice is often between, on the one hand, a verb which is part of a phrase (often verb + preposition), and a verb which is one word only. Often in lectures

and in everyday spoken English, the verb + preposition is used (eg speak up, give up, write down); however, for written academic style, the preferred choice is a single verb wherever possible. For example Informal: The social worker looked at the client's history to find out which interventions had previously been implemented. Academic: The social worker examined the client's history to establish which interventions had previously been implemented. Investigate – Looking into Assist – Help out Raise – Brought up Discover – Found out establish – Set up increase – Gone up eliminate – Get rid of

Researchers have been this problem for 15 years now. Systems analysts can managers in many different ways Exercise alone will not medical problems related to blood pressure. Researchers have that this drug has serious side effects. This program was to improve access to medical care Medical research expenditure has to nearly $350 million. This issue was during the coroner's inquest.

Comparison of sentences from informal writing to academic writing Informal writing When I look at the situation in emergency wards, with many staff leaving, it's hard not to worry about how many doctors will be available to treat patients in the future.

Academic writing If we consider the situation in emergency wards, with increasingly low staff retention rates, there are concerns about the capacity of hospitals to maintain adequate doctor to patient ratios.

It's so obvious that people were given jobs just because they were male or female. I don't think that is an acceptable approach and is even against the law.

It appears that in a number of instances jobs were assigned on the basis of gender. Given the current anti-discrimination laws, this raises serious concerns.

You will notice that, in general, in academic writing we:  minimize the use of the personal I in the text: avoid writing 'When I look; I don't think this is an acceptable approach'  use formal verbs, and fewer verb phrases (verb + preposition), use consider rather than look at  use impersonal expressions: there are…, this raises  use more nouns than verbs: concerns, rather than to worry  avoid emotional expressions, such as it's so obvious ( it appears is preferable); just because ( assigned on the basis of is preferable)  aim for concise, often abstract expression, gender, rather than male or female. Objective writing In general, academic writing aims to be objective in its expression of ideas. Therefore specific reference to personal opinions, or to yourself as the performer of actions, is usually avoided. Expressing opinions Personal In my opinion I believe that… In my view…

'Objective' It has been argued that Some writers claim… Clearly,… It is clear that… There is little doubt that…

Avoiding too much reference to yourself as agent in your writing Agent or performer No agent or performer I undertook the study… The study was undertaken… I propose to … It is proposed to… In this essay I will examine… This essay examine

Here is a question that a lot of students ask: Is it acceptable to use "I" or "my" in IELTS writing? As an ex-examiner, my advice is that you should use phrases like "I believe" or "in my opinion" when the question asks for your opinion e.g To what extent do you agree or disagree? Some teachers tell students not to use "I" in academic essays, but this advice is really for university academic writing, not IELTS.

IELTS Writing Task 2: four question types Here are 4 questions that illustrate the different types of task 2 question. Can you name each type? Can you explain the big difference between the first and the second type? 1. Some people think that the only purpose of working hard is to earn money. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 2. Some people believe that punishment is the only purpose of prisons, while others believe that prisons exist for various reasons. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 3. The number of plants and animals is declining. Explain this problem and suggest some solutions. 4. Many people around the world are choosing to move to live in cities. What problems do people experience in big cities? Should governments encourage people to move to smaller towns?

1. 2. 3. 4.

Opinion Discussion + opinion Problem + solution 2-part question

Important points to remember: 1. An 'opinion' question asks for your view, not the views of other people, and you don't have to give both sides of the argument. Just make your opinion clear in the introduction, then explain it in the rest of the essay. 2. A 'discussion' question requires you to write about both sides of the argument, and you should write a similar amount for each view. If the question also asks for your opinion, you don't need an extra paragraph. Just make it clear in the introduction and conclusion which of the two views you agree with. 3. Type 3 is easy. Simply write a paragraph explaining the problem(s) and a paragraph explaining the solution(s). Some questions ask about 'causes' or 'effects': these would be part of the 'problem' paragraph. 4. For type 4, just answer the two questions. Write one paragraph about each.

IELTS Writing Task 2: examples give you ideas If you can't think of any good ideas for an essay, try thinking about some examples first. Plan your essay around the examples. Take this question: Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be enjoyable. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Use examples to give you ideas:   

Make a list of some hobbies: either your own hobbies, or some typical hobbies that you can easily write about. Label each hobby 'easy' or 'difficult'. Look at your list. Is there a balance between easy and difficult hobbies, or is your list one-sided? The answer to this question will give you your overall opinion. Finally, write down a few reasons why each hobby is easy or difficult. Is there a connection between the difficulty of the hobby and the enjoyment you get from it?

!!!!!!!! SSS For IELTS Writing Task 2, keep your introduction short and simple. Don't waste time writing a long introduction; the main body paragraphs are more important.

Try to improve your planning - make notes and restrict yourself to 5 sentences for each main body paragraph. A good IELTS Writing introduction needs only 2 things: 1. A sentence that introduces the topic 2. A sentence that gives a short, general answer to the question

Here is an example of an IELTS Task 2 question: As computers are being used more and more in education, there will soon be no role for the teacher in the classroom. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Here is my introduction: It is true that computers have become an essential tool for teachers and students in all areas of education. However, while computers are extremely useful, I do not agree with the idea that they could soon replace teachers completely. 1. In the first sentence I introduce the topic of computers in education. 2. In the second sentence I answer the question and make my opinion clear. Don't wait until the conclusion to give your opinion.

Example question: All high school students should be encouraged to take part in community service programmes. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? My introduction: Some people believe that high school students would benefit from doing unpaid work in their local communities. I completely agree that community service programmes for teenagers are a good idea.

IELTS Writing Task 2: rules for introductions Many people decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it. This, they argue, leads to a more satisfying working life. To what extent do you agree with this view? What other things can people do in order to have a satisfying working life? In today's lesson I just want to look at how to write an introduction for this type of question. My simple rules for task 2 introductions are: 1. Write 2 sentences: introduce the topic, then give a general answer. 2. Mention everything that the question mentions. 3. Don't save any surprises for the conclusion; give your opinion in the introduction if the question asks for it. Here's an example introduction: It is true that some people know from an early age what career they want to pursue, and they are happy to spend the rest of their lives in the same profession. While I accept that this may suit many people, I believe that others enjoy changing careers or seeking job satisfaction in different ways. Things to learn from simon's introduction: 1- Never use the same words in the question. early in their lives = at an early age decide on a career = pursue a career keep to it = Spen the rest of their lives in the same profession. We can also replace the word job with the walk of life. I will let Simon approve this.

2- The template used in the introduction and the elegant transition used by Simon in "While I accept. .." From the question to your answer. 3- Make the introduction sound like an introduction, so keep it short and general, The conclusion is just a restatement of the introduction.

SSS IELTS Writing Task 2: introductions Here are some example introductions for 3 different types of essay. My technique is to write 2 sentences: 1. A sentence to introduce the topic 2. A sentence giving a general response to the question or instruction Problem & Solution Essay: It is true that children's behaviour seems to be getting worse. There are various reasons for this, and both schools and parents need to work together to improve the situation. Discussion (& Opinion) Essay: People have different views about how children should be taught. While there are some good arguments in favour of teaching children to be competitive, I believe that it is better to encourage co-operation. Opinion (Agree / Disagree) Essay: In recent years it has become more common for women to return to work after having a child. However, I do not agree that this has been the cause of problems for young people. My advice: Keep your introduction short. Main body paragraphs are more important.

IELTS Writing Task 2: introduction without opinion My normal advice for task 2 introductions is this: write two sentences - one to introduce the essay topic, and one to give a basic answer to the question. But what should you put in the second sentence (basic answer) if the question doesn't ask for your opinion? Here are two example questions: 1. Many people believe that an effective public transport system is a key component of a modern city. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of public transport. 2. Crime rates tend to be higher in cities than in smaller towns. Explain some possible reasons for this problem, and suggest some solutions.

Here are two sample introductions: 1. Officials in many cities are keen to develop efficient public transport systems. While public transport has many benefits, there are also some drawbacks which are worth considering. 2. Cities generally experience higher levels of criminality than towns or villages. There are various reasons for this, but measures could be taken to tackle the problem.

Hopefully you can see that it's quite easy to write an introduction for these types of question. The approach is the same (topic + basic answer) whether the question asks for your opinion or not.

IELTS Writing Task 2: problem & solution introduction My advice for task 2 introductions is to write them very quickly. Just write 2 sentences: one to introduce the topic, and one to give a basic answer. Let's look at how to do this for a "problem and solution" question: The number of plants and animals is declining. Describe some reasons for this problem and suggest some solutions. Here's my introduction: It is undeniable that wildlife habitats are being destroyed and whole species of plants and animals are disappearing. There are several causes of this alarming trend, but measures could certainly be taken to tackle the problem. Note: In the second sentence you don't need to give any causes or solutions; save your ideas for the main paragraphs.

IELTS Writing Task 2: 'discussion' introduction Today I'll use the same technique (2 sentences: topic + basic answer) to write a 'discussion and opinion' introduction. Here's a question (from Cambridge IELTS 6): Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Here's my 2-sentence introduction: It is true that sports stars often earn huge salaries. While there are some good reasons why this is the case, I personally believe that it is wrong for these people to be paid more than other professionals.

IELTS Writing Task 2: different introductions Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Here are 3 different introductions. Notice that the opinion is clear in each one. Agree: People have different views about what the main purpose of schools should be. Personally, I agree that a school's role is to prepare children to be productive members of society. Disagree: Many people argue that the main role of schools is to prepare children for their future jobs. However, I believe that the purpose of education should be to help children to grow as individuals. Balanced view: To a certain extent I agree that the role of schools is to prepare children to be productive members of society. However, I also believe that the education process has a positive impact on us as individuals.

IELTS Writing Task 2: short introductions

It's a good idea to practise writing short, fast introductions. If you can write the introduction quickly, you will have more time to focus on the main paragraphs - these are the key to a high score. Here's a question that someone asked me about: In many cities, security measures, such as the use of video cameras in public places, are being increased in order to reduce crime, but some people believe that these measures restrict our individual freedom. Do the benefits of increased security outweigh the drawbacks? Here's my short, fast introduction: It is true that the security in many cities has been tightened in recent years. Although I agree that some security measures can feel restrictive, I believe that there are more benefits than drawbacks. Note: - In reality, it might not be true that security has been increased in most cities, but I think we have to accept this in order to answer the question. - The question gives us an example of increased security (video cameras), so we can definitely use that example in a paragraph about the drawbacks. - Notice that my introduction paraphrases the question. I've used some of the words from the question, but there are some nice changes too (e.g. tightened, feel restrictive).

Look at the following introduction and conclusion for an essay about whether it is better for students to work alone or in a group: Introduction People have different views about the most effective way for students to work. While there are some advantages to studying alone, I personally believe that group work is usually more productive. Conclusion In conclusion, both individual and group study can be useful under different circumstances, but I generally prefer to work with others as part of a team. Notice that my 'position' is clear in the introduction, so the conclusion simply repeats my view in a different way.

IELTS Writing Task 2: completely disagree When you completely agree or completely disagree with the question statement, you don't need to write about the other side of the argument. Just state your opinion and give reasons. Today I'll show you how to write a 'disagree' essay for this question: Some people think that all teenagers should be required to do unpaid work in their free time to help the local community. They believe this would benefit both the individual teenager and society as a whole. Do you agree or disagree? Here's my 4-paragraph plan: 1. Introduction: introduce the topic of unpaid work for teenagers, and make it clear that you completely disagree with the idea of requiring (forcing) young people to do this. 2. First reason: explain why this idea would not benefit teenagers e.g. they are already busy with school work, they should be allowed to enjoy being young, they have many years of work ahead of them when they finish their studies.

3. Second reason: explain why this idea would not benefit society e.g. forcing young people to work goes against the values of a free society, the current system of volunteering is better, this idea would be impossible to enforce. 4. Conclusion: repeat your opinion that requiring teenagers to work benefits neither the teenagers nor society as a whole.

SSS IELTS Writing: to what extent do you agree? A good way to answer this question is: To a certain extent I agree that... However, I also think that... By saying that you agree to a certain extent (not completely), you can now talk about both sides of the argument. Example question: People visiting other countries should adapt to the customs and behaviours expected there. They should not expect the host country to welcome different customs and behaviours. To what extent do you agree or disagree? My introduction: To a certain extent I agree that visitors to other countries should respect the culture of the host country. However, I also think that host countries should accept visitors' cultural differences. After this introduction, you can write one paragraph about each view.

IELTS Writing Task 2: strong or balanced opinion The following question asks for your opinion. You can either have a strong opinion or a more balanced opinion, but make it clear in your introduction. Governments should not have to provide care or financial support for elderly people because it is the responsibility of each person to prepare for retirement and support him or herself. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Introduction (strong opinion): People have different views about whether or not governments should help senior citizens. I completely disagree with the idea that elderly people should receive no support from the state. Introduction (more balanced opinion): People have different views about whether or not governments should help senior citizens. Although I accept that we all have a responsibility to save money for retirement, I disagree with the idea that elderly people should receive no support from the state. Note: After the first introduction, try to write 2 paragraphs that both explain why you disagree. The second introduction allows you to discuss both sides (which might be easier).

IELTS Writing Task 2: have a strong opinion If the question asks whether you agree or disagree, it's often easier to have a strong opinion (completely agree or completely disagree) rather than trying to be "in the middle". Here's an example question: Families who do not send their children to public schools should not be required to pay taxes that support universal education. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? I don't think there is a "middle answer" to this question: either you think that the parents should not pay tax (agree), or you think they should pay tax (disagree).

When you have a strong opinion, you don't need to mention the opposite view. Here's my plan for a 4-paragraph essay: 1. Introduction: 1 sentence to introduce the topic, 1 sentence to make your opinion clear (e.g. I completely disagree...) 2. Main paragraph: support your opinion with a reason 3. Main paragraph: support your opinion with another reason 4. Conclusion: repeat/summarise your opinion

IELTS Writing Task 2: balanced opinion In the last century, the first man to walk on the moon said it was "a giant leap for mankind”. However, some people think it has made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree? For this question, I would write that "I partly agree" or that "I agree to some extent". Then I would write one main paragraph about each side of the argument: 1. Introduction: I partly agree. Make it clear that you have a balanced opinion. 2. One side: In practical terms, sending a man to the moon has not changed most people's lives. We have not benefited in terms of our standard of living, health etc. In fact, governments have wasted a lot of money that could have been spent on public services. 3. Other side: On the other hand, putting a man on the moon was a huge achievement that still inspires and interests people today. It showed us that we can achieve anything we put our minds to. 4. Conclusion: The fact that man has walked on the moon might not have had a direct effect on our daily lives, but it was an inspiring achievement.

IELTS Writing Task 2: one view or both views? "Do you agree or disagree" Example 1: Some people say that the Internet is making the world smaller by bringing people together. To what extent do you agree that the internet is making it easier for people to communicate with one another? Example 2: Some people think that students who don‟t take a break in studies between a high school and a university are at disadvantage compared to students that travel and work after high school before furthering their education. Do you agree or disagree? My question is : do we need to discuss here both sides of the arguments and then find a conclusion (agreement / disagreement)? OR If we agree, we should only write the reason of agreement. And if we disagree, we need only write about points which lead us to disagreement. Please elaborate. --- The answer is: it's your decision. If you completely agree, you don't need to mention the opposite view - just support your side of the argument. If you partly agree, you should write something about both sides. You don't need to discuss both sides. It is often much easier to have a strong opinion and support it with reasons (e.g. 2 main reasons = 2 main paragraphs).

Yes, there is no difference between "To what extent do you agree or disagree?" and just "Do you agree or disagree?" I would answer both questions in the same way. Example - Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

IELTS Writing Task 2: both sides or one side? Can you see the difference between the two questions below? A) Explain the positives and negatives of this development. B) Is this a positive or negative development? and these two questions: A) What are the advantages and disadvantages? B) Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? and these two questions: A) Discuss both views and give your opinion. B) To what extent do you agree or disagree? Answer: The difference is that for all of the (A) questions you must explain both sides of the argument, whereas the (B) questions can be answered by giving both sides or by supporting only one side, depending on the view that you express in your introduction. This is still the most common confusion that students ask me about. Make sure you understand the difference between the questions above; if you're still unsure, look through all of my task 2 lessons to see further advice and examples.

IELTS Writing Task 2: do the advantages outweigh...? Some IELTS writing task 2 questions ask: "Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?" or "Do the benefits outweigh the drawbacks?" My advice for these questions is to write a paragraph about each side, and make it clear in the introduction and conclusion which side outweighs the other (i.e. your opinion about whether there are more advantages or disadvantages). In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move to regional areas outside the big cities. Do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages? Here are some ideas: 1. Introduce the topic by paraphrasing the statement, then give a clear opinion about whether there are more advantages or disadvantages. 2. Advantages - e.g. costs are lower in regional areas; there is more space; provide jobs to boost deprived areas; avoid further overcrowding in cities. 3. Disadvantages - e.g. greater availability of skilled workers in big cities; better transport and infrastructure; companies based in regional areas are further from their clients, providers and other contacts. 4. Conclude by summarising your opinion in a different way.

Example Introduction  It is true that businesses in some countries are given incentives to move out of the big cities. While there are several benefits to moving to regional areas, I believe that a city centre location is more desirable for most companies.

IELTS Writing Task 2: the '2 part' question The following question confuses many students because it doesn't seem to be one of the 3 normal types (opinion, discussion, problem/solution).

Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? I call this a "2 part" question, and it's easier than you think. Just answer the first question in paragraph 2, and the second question in paragraph 3: 1. Introduction - topic + simple answer to both questions 2. Paragraph - explain why happiness is difficult to define Some ideas: Explain that happiness means different things to different people; the same situation can make one person happy but another person sad/bored etc. Give examples of what makes different people happy (money, success, family, friends, hobbies). Give an example from your experience e.g. a hobby that makes you happy but that your friend hates. 3. Paragraph - give your opinions about how to achieve happiness Some ideas: Try to organise your ideas logically - you could begin with humans' basic needs (in order to be happy we need to be healthy and have somewhere to live, food to eat etc.) then talk about the importance of family and friends. You could then write about career, money, success, status etc. - maybe you could explain that these things mean nothing if we do not have family and friends to share our experiences with. Give an example from your own life - what will make you happier than you are now? 4. Conclusion - repeat/summarise the main ideas

IELTS Advice: argument or discussion? Many people ask me about the difference between an argument essay and a discussion essay. Here's an easy way to think about the difference:  

When you argue, you are trying to persuade the other person to agree with your point of view. You might even get angry! When you discuss, you consider different points of view, and nobody gets angry.

The question should make it very clear what it wants you to do. If it asks you to "discuss", you should write about advantages and disadvantages or two different views. If the question asks whether you "agree or disagree", it's asking for your view. For this type of question, give your opinion in the introduction and support it in the rest of the essay. Try to persuade the reader to agree with you.

IELTS Writing Task 2: discussion without opinion – u Pdf formatu essey Most discussion essays also ask for your opinion. Sometimes, however, the question doesn't ask for your opinion. It might just ask you to discuss two different views, or compare the advantages and disadvantages.

Remember: if the question doesn't ask for your opinion, don't give it. Compare the 2 essays attached below. They are almost the same, but in the first essay I give my opinion clearly in several places, while in the second essay I've removed my opinions completely. 1) Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion. When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma of whether to get a job or continue their education. While there are benefits to getting a job straight after school, I would argue that it is better to go to college or university. Conclusion: For the reasons mentioned above, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their careers if they continue their studies beyond school level. 2) Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views. When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma of whether to get a job or continue their education. While there are benefits to getting a job straight after school, there are also good reasons why it might be beneficial to go to college or university. Conclusion: In conclusion, there are convincing arguments for starting work straight after school, but higher education can also lead to a successful career.

Remember, do a simple introduction, and then you can focus on the main paragraphs. !!! After you introduction you need to write 2 or 3 main body paragraphs. This is the most important part of your essay. If you have been following this blog for a while, or if you have bought my ebook, you may have seen today's paragraph before. However, I'm reusing it for 2 reasons: 1. It's a great example of how to write an "advantages" paragraph using a "firstly, secondly, finally" structure. 2. There are some excellent comments from students below this lesson. If you read them carefully, you will learn a lot.

IELTS Writing Task 2: how to answer any question

SSS Today I want to show you what happens in my brain when I see any IELTS Writing Task 2 question. Here are my thinking steps: 1. I read the question very carefully, maybe three times. I ask myself "What's the topic? What is the question asking me to write about?" 2. I underline the key things that must be included in the essay. I always answer every part of the question. 3. Now I think about my 4 paragraph structure. I can write any type of essay in 4 paragraphs; I just need to decide what to put in each paragraph. 4. If I need to give my opinion, I think "What is the easiest opinion to explain? What good vocabulary could I use?" 5. Then I write down some vocabulary ideas that are related to the topic. 6. I try to write 2 sentences for the introduction: I introduce the topic, then give a simple answer (including my opinion if the question asks for it). 7. I write short 'topic sentences' to start each paragraph, then develop my ideas by explaining and supporting with examples. 8. I look at the question from time to time in order to check that I'm answering every part of it.

9. I know that I write about 10 words per line; I can quickly check the approximate number of words that I've written. 10. If I need more words (to reach 250), I expand one of my examples in the main body paragraphs. If necessary, I draw an arrow to show where I want to add the extra words.

Several people have asked me about conclusions for IELTS Writing Task 2. The main body paragraphs are much more important, so don't worry too much about the conclusion; make it short, simple and fast. Here are some example conclusion phrases for different types of question: 1. Opinion For the reasons mentioned above, I believe that... (+ repeat your opinion). 2. Discussion (+ Opinion) In conclusion, there are convincing arguments both for and against... (topic), but I believe that... (if the question asks for your opinion). 3. Advantages and Disadvantages In conclusion, I would argue that the benefits of... (topic) outweigh the drawbacks. 4. Problem and Solution In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons for... (topic), and steps need to be taken to tackle this problem.

How do I Write an IELTS Essay? Present a written argument to an educated reader with no specialist knowledge of the following topic.

In the last 20 years there have been significant developments in the field of information technology (IT), for example the World Wide Web and communication by email. However, future developments in IT are likely to have more negative effects than positive. To what extent do you agree with this view? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. An IELTS essay is structured like any other essay; you just need to make it shorter. There are three key elements: 1. Introduction 2. Body Paragraphs 3. Conclusion

We will look at each of these in turn, using the essay question above as an example.

1) Introduction You should keep your introduction for the IELTS essay short. Remember you only have 40 minutes to write the essay, and some of this time needs to be spent planning. Therefore, you need to be able to write your introduction fairly quickly so you can start writing your body paragraphs. You should do just two things:  

State the topic of the essay, using some basic facts (that you may be able to take from the question) Say what you are going to write about

Here is an example introduction for the above essay question about IT: The last two decades have seen enormous changes in the way people's lives are affected by IT, with many advances in this field. However, while these technological advances have brought many benefits to the world, it can be argued that future IT developments will produce more negative effects than positive ones. As you can see, the first sentence makes sure it refers to the topic (IT) and uses facts about IT taken from the question. Note that these are paraphrased - you must not copy from the rubric! The second part then clearly sets out the what the essay will be about and confirms the writers opinion (some questions may not ask for your opinion, but this one does). View this lesson for more advice on writing IELTS essay introductions.

2) Body Paragraphs For an IELTS essay, you should have 2 or 3 body paragraphs - no more, and no less. For your body paragraph, each paragraph should contain one controlling idea, and have sentences to support this. Lets look at the first paragraph for the essay about IT. The essay is about the benefits and drawbacks of IT, so these will need to be discussed in separate paragraphs.

Here is the first body paragraph: To begin, email has made communication, especially abroad, much simpler and faster, resulting in numerous benefits for commerce and business. Furthermore, the World Wide Web means that information on every conceivable subject is now available to us. For example, people can access news, medical advice, online education courses and much more via the internet. It is evident that these improvements have made life far easier and more convenient for large numbers of people and will continue to do so for decades to come. The controlling idea in this first paragraph is the 'benefits of IT', and there are two supporting ideas, which are underlined. No drawbacks are discussed as the paragraph would then lose coherence. Most of the essay will focus on the negative aspects of IT, as the writer says there are more negative effects in the introduction. So the next two paragraphs are about these. The topic sentence in the next paragraph therefore tells us we are changing the focus to the negative points:

Nevertheless, the effects of this new technology have not all been beneficial. For example, many people feel that the widespread use of email is destroying traditional forms of communication such as letter writing, telephone and face-to-face conversation. This could result in a decline in people's basic ability to socialize and interact with each other on a day-to-day basis. The final body paragraph gives the last negative effect: In addition, the large size of the Web has meant that it is nearly impossible to regulate and control. This has led to many concerns regarding children accessing unsuitable websites and viruses. Unfortunately, this kind of problem might even get worse in the future at least until more regulated systems are set up.

3) Conclusion The conclusion only needs to be one or two sentences, and you can do the following:  

Re-state what the essay is about (re-write the last sentence of your introduction in different words) Give some thoughts about the future

Here is an example: In conclusion, developments in IT have brought many benefits, yet I believe developments relating to new technology in the future are likely to produce many negative effects that must be addressed if we are to avoid damaging impacts to individuals and society. 287 words

IELTS Writing Task 2: before you start writing Before you start writing your task 2 essay, you need to do two things: 1. Plan your overall essay structure (ideally 4 paragraphs) 2. Spend some time thinking of ideas for the main body paragraphs

IELTS Writing Task 2: advantages and disadvantages Albert sent me this recent exam question: In many countries nowadays, young single people no longer stay with their parents until they are married, but leave to study or work somewhere else. Do you think this trend has more advantages or disadvantages? Here are some tips to help with this kind of question: 1. Notice that the question includes the words "do you think". This tells you that you need to give your own opinion, as well as discussing both the advantages and disadvantages. Put your opinion in the introduction and conclusion, and don't be afraid to use the word "I" (e.g. I believe) to make it clear what you think. 2. You won't be able to write a good essay if you don't plan your ideas first. Spend 2-3 minutes noting down ideas for the advantages of leaving home before marriage, then 2-3 minutes writing notes for the disadvantages. Then decide what your opinion is, according to whether you have more advantages or disadvantages. 3. If you can't think of any ideas, start by thinking of some examples e.g. Did you or any of your friends leave home before getting married? Do you know anyone who lived with their parents until they got married? What were the reasons and benefits or drawbacks of each decision?

IELTS Writing Task 2: method

For example, I now know that my 250-word essays usually contain 13 to 15 sentences: 2 for the introduction, 5 to 6 for each main paragraph and 1 sentence for the conclusion. It takes me 10 minutes to write a good plan, 5 minutes to write an introduction, I have 2 main ways of writing main paragraphs etc. etc. The question is: Do you have a clearly defined method? Do you repeatedly practise writing essays in the same way?

IELTS Writing Task 2: topic sentences A good way to start a paragraph is with a short, simple sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. Teachers often call this a „topic sentence‟. I normally write my topic sentences by thinking about how many points I want to mention in the paragraph: 1. If I only have one point or idea, I usually state it straight away: In my opinion, junk food is the main cause of childhood obesity. (then explain this opinion and give examples in the rest of the paragraph) 2. If I have two or three points or ideas, I don’t usually mention them directly in the topic sentence: There are two main causes (or „several causes‟) of childhood obesity. (then explain using “firstly, secondly...” or something similar)

IELTS Writing Task 2: firstly, secondly, finally A few people have asked me whether using "firstly, secondly, finally" to organise a paragraph is too easy. My answer is that using easy organising language like "firstly, secondly, finally" allows you to focus on the real content of what you are writing - topic vocabulary, collocations, examples. This is what the examiner wants to see. You can get a band 9 using "firstly, secondly, finally" if the ideas between these linking words are good. Some simple alternatives to "firstly, secondly, finally" could be:   

The main reason why I believe... is... / Another argument is... / Also,... One problem is that... / Furthermore,... / Another drawback is that... From a business perspective,... / In terms of education,... / From a social point of view,...

Main body "advantages" paragraph (band 9): There are several advantages to using computers in education. Firstly, students learn new skills which will be extremely useful for their future jobs. For example, they learn to write reports or other documents using a word processor, and they can practise doing spoken presentations using PowerPoint slides. Secondly, technology is a powerful tool to engage students. The use of websites or online videos can make lessons much more interesting, and many students are more motivated to do homework or research using online resources. Finally, if each student has a computer to work on, they can study at their own pace.

Paragraph about the purpose of prisons:

On the one hand, criminals do need to be punished in some way. A person who commits a crime must learn that unlawful actions have consequences. Prison sentences punish offenders because they lose their freedom, and are separated from family and friends. In this way, prison acts as a deterrent to make people think carefully before breaking the law. Last year in the UK, many people were given a prison sentence for rioting, and hopefully this punishment will deter them from similar behaviour in future. Analysis:     

The paragraph contains 5 sentences, with a total of 85 words. This is the kind of length I suggest aiming for. The first sentence is short and simple. We often call this type of sentence a 'topic sentence' because it introduces the topic of the paragraph. Sentences 2, 3 and 4 develop the main idea in a logical, step-by-step way: crime has consequences - loss of freedom is the punishment - this stops people from breaking the law. Sentence 5 contains a real example. Remember that good vocabulary is the key to a high score. I've underlined the best words and phrases in the paragraph.

IELTS Writing Task 2: the 10-minute plan If you are struggling to improve your score for writing task 2, the solution might be to spend more time planning before you start writing. I asked the students on my most recent one-day course to spend 10 minutes planning a question about whether the only purpose of prisons is to punish people. Here are the ideas that my students had: Paragraph 2: prisons do punish offenders Punishment makes offenders think, reflect, feel sorry, understand the consequences (that we have choices about the actions we take), suffering, revenge / justice for victims, debt to society, taking away freedom and privileges, miss family, deter people from committing crimes in future - fear of prison Paragraph 3: other purposes of prisons Reflection time, rehabilitation - help the prisoner to prepare for normal life: new skills, education, courses, qualifications, treatment - reform, reeducate, find employment, re-enter society - address the root causes of crime With a plan like this, you should find it easier to write a great essay.

IELTS Writing Task 2: answer all parts of the question A student sent me the following question: The role of prisons should be to punish criminals who have committed serious crimes. Training courses and education offered to prisoners are a waste of taxpayer's money. To what extent do you agree or disagree? The student who sent me this question noticed that it contains two sub-topics: 1. Should the role of prisons be to punish serious criminals, not petty criminals (less serious criminals)? 2. Are training courses and education a waste of money?

Apparently there is a model essay for this question which only addresses the second sub-topic. I think that would be a mistake; you should try to answer all parts of the question.

In this case, the two sub-topics help you because they tell you what you should write about in your two main body paragraphs. Always study the question carefully, and make sure you know exactly what it is asking you to do!

IELTS Writing Task 2: idea, explain, example A good way to write main body paragraphs is this: Start with an idea; Explain it in detail; Give an example Here's an example of how I 'build' a paragraph using the above method: Should competition be encourage in any stage of life, to what extent do you agree or disagree?

A sense of competition is necessary for success in life, and should therefore be encouraged. Competition motivates children to get good grades at school or become better at sports, while adults compete to climb the career ladder. In a job interview, for example, candidates compete to show that they are the most qualified, hard-working and competent person for the post.

IELTS Writing Task 2: plan your main paragraphs Before you start writing your task 2 essay, you need a plan: 1. First, think about how you could write 2 main body paragraphs. What would be the main idea/topic of each one? 2. Then make some notes for the first main paragraph. Your notes could follow this formula: Idea, Explain, Example. 3. Do the same thing for the second main paragraph. Here's an example question with a few ideas below: People nowadays work hard to buy more things. This has made our lives generally more comfortable, but many traditional values and customs have been lost and this is a pity. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 1. I can see two clear ideas in this question: 1) buying things has made our lives more comfortable. 2) Traditional values and customs have been lost. I agree with both of these points, so I'll write one paragraph explaining why I agree with the first point, and another paragraph explaining the second point. 2. Idea: buying things has made life more comfortable. Explain/Examples: we buy appliances like microwave ovens and dishwashers; we use computers to shop online; more people own a car. 3. Idea: traditional values and customs have been lost. Explain/Examples: people buy microwave meals rather than cooking traditional dishes; traditional local shops disappear and are replaced with online shopping; people are more independent, but lack a sense of community.

IELTS Writing Task 2: agree, disagree, or both? For 'agree or disagree' essays, do you think you should give both sides of the argument or just one side? The answer is that you can do either. A) Essay structure for one side of the argument: 1. Introduction: topic + your opinion (either agree or disagree)

2. First idea to support your opinion 3. Second idea to support your opinion 4. Conclusion: repeat your opinion B) Essay structure for giving both sides: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Introduction: topic + say that you 'partly agree' On the one hand,... On the other hand,... Conclusion: repeat that you accept elements of both arguments

Remember: it's very important to get the introduction right. This tells the examiner whether you are going to give one side of the argument or both sides.

IELTS writing task 2 - the format to write

SSS Usually the question tells you to "discuss both views" or it asks whether you "agree or disagree". However, sometimes the question looks different: Competitiveness is considered to be a positive quality among people. How does competitiveness affect individuals? Is competitiveness a positive or negative quality? Notice that the question above gives you the topic (competitiveness) and then two questions. I call this a "twopart" question. For this kind of question, just write 4 paragraphs (see below), and make sure you write an equal amount for paragraphs 2 and 3. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Introduction: topic + general response Answer the first question Answer the second question Conclusion: repeat your response

The first question doesn't ask for positives - you can write about any effects (positive or negative). For the second question, give your opinion and explain it.

Here's an example for introduction: It is true that competitiveness is often seen as a necessary characteristic in today's world. It is a quality that can affect people in both positive and negative ways, but overall I believe that it is a positive trait.

IELTS Writing: 5 sentence paragraphs When writing main body paragraphs for IELTS writing task 2, try to aim for five sentences. For example: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Topic sentence (e.g. There are several reasons why I believe...) First reason Example Second reason Third reason

Another example: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Topic sentence (e.g. Many people believe that...) Explain why Explain in more detail Example Explain why they disagree with the opposite view

Before you start writing it's a good idea to make some notes. Try to organise your notes according to this 5sentence paragraph structure. Here's a 5-sentence paragraph using the second plan Some people believe that the salaries paid to professional sportspeople are too high, while others argue that sports salaries are fair. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Many people believe that sports professionals earn too much money. They argue that sport is a form of entertainment rather than a vital public service. We could easily live without sportspeople, yet other professionals who contribute much more to society are undervalued and underpaid. For example, football players can earn enormous salaries by simply kicking a ball, while doctors, nurses and teachers earn a fraction of the money despite being essential for our health and prosperity. From this perspective, sports stars do not deserve the salaries they currently earn. As you can see, the paragraph explains the view that sportspeople earn too much money.

Cause/effect/solution essay Layout Intro 3 sentences Problems 7 sentences Solutions 7 sentences Conclusion 3 sentences Total: 20 sentences Intro Present situation 1-2 sentences This essay will look at ..........

Problems Topic Problem 1 Example Problem 2 Example Problem 3 Example Summary ................. Solutions Topic Solution 1 More Info Solution 2 More Info Solution 3 More Info Conclusion Summary sentence(s) Future

Discussion ESSAY format 1: Introduction Explain the background of the issue In recent years; Nowadays; Over the past twenty years… 2: For Arguments in favour of introducing English tuition in kindergarten (one or two paragraphs) Some people think; They say; It’s true that …

3: Against Arguments against doing this (one or two paragraphs) On the other hand; Other people would argue; One example of this is … 4: Conclusion Your own personal opinion based on all the arguments Overall; Having looked at both sides; In conclusion …

A Basic Essay Format * The way to write argumentive essay A good way to approach an essay is to envision it as a Five Part project. An essay is made up of the Introduction, Three main points (the body), and the Conclusion. So it looks like this: I. Introduction II. Point One III. Point Two IV. Point Three V. Conclusion The Intro… An Introduction should answer three questions 1. What am I talking about in this paper? By answering this question you let the reader know what the subject of the paper is. For example, if your paper were about a particular book, your answer to this question would give the title, author, and any other necessary information. 2. How am I going to talk about it? This is where you let the reader know how your paper is organized. Here you very briefly introduce your main points or the evidence that will prove your point. 3. What am I going to prove in this paper? This is the dreaded THESIS STATEMENT. The thesis is usually the last sentence in the first paragraph and it clearly states the argument or point you are making in your paper. The Body… The Body consists of everything between your intro and conclusion and it is where you discuss your three main points. A good starting place is to envision that each point is a separate paragraph (or in a long paper each point might be a section). In each paragraph you: • Introduce your point • Explain your point • Give supporting evidence (this is where quotes go!) • Explain how the point and evidence relate to your thesis The whole point of each paragraph is to relate your point to your thesis, but it helps to spell it out clearly in at least one sentence of the paragraph. The Conclusion… Basically, the conclusion restates the introduction. So just reiterate questions 1, 2, and 3. It is also helpful to trace your argument as you made it within the essay. A good way to do this is to create a proof that might look something like this:

the way to develop paragrahs for "AGREE/DISAGREE " Essay. introduction: -background statement :- key theme -detail background:- detail about key theme -thesis:- your opinion body 1:- rephrase the main topic - reason 1 -example -support line -support line -result/consequence body2:- reason 2 -example - support line -support line - result/consequence body:-3 * partly "agree" with this paragraph. Use "modals to write this paragraph *- write reasons in this paragraph -do not provide "why" for any reason. Conclusion:- rephrase your "agreement /disagreement" - provide suggestion. ------"do not write essay more than 265 words". * use " linkers :- however, moreover, furthermore... * use complex and simple sentences * brain storming of 5 min before beginning the task is good to achieve more bands.

Planning IELTS essays and finding ideas Problem 1 – not enough ideas

This is one of most common reasons for candidates to go wrong in the writing paper. They see a question. Try to think of ideas. Come up empty and panic. You will find part of my solution to this below. For now, I will just say that you need very few ideas to write a good essay and those ideas can be simple ideas too. Don‟t buy a book on ideas for essays, instead learn this tip: Tip – you need only 2 ideas to write an essay and those ideas are often found in the question Problem 2 – the ideas are confused

This is also a very common mistake. There are plenty of ideas to write an essay. The problem is that the reader/examiner does not know what the main ideas are. Tip – make sure you have one main idea per paragraph. This should be clear from the first sentence of the paragraph

Problem 3 – too many ideas Yes, some people do have too many ideas. This is a trap for candidates aiming for a high score. In particular, if they are used to writing academic essays. IELTS is a 250 word essay marked on language. That means it is probably much shorter than you are used to and there are no marks for quality and quantity of ideas. Tip – select only enough ideas to write a complete essay – that means one per paragraph

Finding ideas for essays Step 1 – understand the difference between ideas, reasons and examples

When I ask my students in a class for “ideas”, they quite often stare at me in silence. When I ask them the question “why” or ask them to give me an example, they (normally!) have plenty to say. That should tell you there is a difference between ideas, reasons (why) and examples. The good news is ideas are not the problem in IELTS, what you need are reasons and examples. They are normally much easier to find. A paragraph is one idea: supported with reasons and examples. You only need two ideas. Step 2 – learning where to find ideas for essays?

The ideas you need for an essay are nearly always found in the question. They are typically so big that you think they are too easy to be a real idea. That‟s the trap. What do I mean? Take this example: Human activities have endangered many animal and plant species. Some people think it is too late to save them, while others think humans should still take some action. Discuss both views and express your own opinions. This is one of the harder questions I have seen recently, but the ideas you need are simple enough. 1. It is too late to save endangered species 2. It is not too late to save species It is that easy. Those two ideas are your two main topic paras. All you need now are some reasons and examples. Step 3 – finding reasons and examples – ask yourself questions

Here you have different options. One trick is simply ask yourself the questions “why?” or “how?” or “when?” or what?” That is often enough. Step 4 – thinking vocabulary gives you more “ideas”

This is something else I use with my students a lot. It might also work for you. The concept is that once you have words, then “ideas” come naturally from those words. Try thinking of “planning words” and see if it works for you.

What to plan – vocabulary and examples Most text books suggest planning ideas. This is hard to do in practice when you are under pressure in the exam. My suggestion is to focus first on vocabulary and examples. Vocabulary will give you ideas and examples will allow you to develop those ideas in coherent paragraphs.

Organising and selecting your ideas reasons and examples Key concept – one idea per paragraph supported by reasons and examples

Look at these two sample paragraphs from the essay and see how I use simple ideas from the question:

Much of the argument against taking any action to save these species is that the process is irreversible. Just to take one example, there are now so few Giant Pandas left in the wild, they will in all probability become extinct in the foreseeable future. There are simply too few bamboo forests left in order for them to survive. This is also the case with many other endangered species who have lost, or are losing, their natural habitat.

Notes

The first sentence outlines what the paragraph is about. It is the idea from the question: Some people think it is too late to save them. The rest of paragraph is an explanation of that idea 1. Giant Pandas arre threatened and will die out (example) 2. Problem with habitat (extended example) 3. Other species have same pattern (explanation of example)

The opposite view is that it is the responsibilty of mankind to act and try and save these species for posterity. There is a moral aspect to this argument because most of these species are only endangered because of man’s actions and it is our duty to make amends. Another consideration is that advances in science, especially in the field of genetics, mean that we may be able to recreate some of their lost habitats. It is no longer the case that the only option is to preserve these species for future generations in zoos and botanical gardens. Notes

You should see that this paragraph follows almost the same model. There is one clear and simple idea in the first sentence. It relates back to the question words: while others think humans should still take some action. The rest of the paragraph explains that idea: moral duty because it is our fault (reason why) science can now help through genetics (second reason why) zoos are not the only solution (extended second reason why) Key concept – you don’t need to include all your reasons and examples

My “notes” for this essay included all this. They are my notes, so you don‟t need to understand them all. What I want you to see is that I have not included everything. In an academic essay I might have. Here I have selected the ideas that were easiest to write about.                 

zoos (example) breed in captivity (example extended) preservation (how) giant pandas (example) medical benefits (why) loss of habitat (why) river dolphins (example) biodiversity (reason) logging and rainforests (example) dams (example) progress of man (why) deforestation (how) bamboo forest (where) science (why) cloning (example) genetics (example) moral responsibility (why)

Key concept – balance your paragraphs

There are a number of different possible essay structures. My default (normal) structure is to have 2 paragraphs that balance each other – it is surprising how often this structure works. It is good for the coherence of the essay, it also makes it easier to write – especially if you are short of “ideas”. You use the second content paragraph can reflect the ideas in the first paragraph, but from the opposite point of view.

Much of the argument against taking any action to save these species is that the process is irreversible. Just to take one example, there are now so few Giant Pandas left in the wild, they will in all probability become extinct in the foreseeable future. There are simply too few bamboo forests left in order for them to survive. This is also the case with many other endangered species who have lost, or are losing, their natural habitat.

The opposite view is that it is the responsibilty of mankind to act and try and save these species for posterity. There is a moral aspect to this argument because most of these species are only endangered because of man’s actions and it is our duty to make amends. Another consideration is that advances in science, especially in the field of genetics, mean that we may be able to recreate some of their lost habitats. It is no longer the case that the only option is to preserve these species for future generations in zoos and botanical gardens.

Complex sentence structure Use of “ALTHOUGH” WHAT'S THEIR DIFFERENCE? A. ‘Though’ is the conjunction of choice at the end of the sentence; Example: 'He was seriously offended by his accusations, he didn’t talk back though.’

B. If you’ll use ‘although’ then you need to shift the sentence a bit by placing the said conjunction in the middle. Example: He was seriously offended by his accusations, although he didn’t talk back.’ Example: She still managed to smile, although/though she was angry. Although/Though she was angry, she still managed to smile. Please have a look at the following sentences: 1.Although I was not expected to do this job, yet I have done it. 2. Although I was not expected to this job, I have done it. 3. I have done this job although I was not expected to do it. 4. I have done this job, I was not expected to it although. Use of “HOWEVER” However- joins two sentences It was hard. However, he managed to do it. Although- joins two clauses Although it was hard, he managed to do it. Despite/In spite of- join a noun phrase to the clause despite the difficulty, he managed to do it. • However, I will let you know. • I’m not sure of the outcome; however, I will let you know as soon as this is clear Use of “IF” if + Simple Past, main clause with Conditional I (= would + Infinitive) Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma. Example: I would send her an invitation if I found her address. Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative. See Simple Past und Conditional I on how to form negative sentences. Example: If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here. Use of “Eventually”

Examples • Eventually, the ice cream will melt. • Eventually, you'll figure out that this has nothing to do with Biology. • There was eventually a black president. • Eventually, the world will run out of fossil fuel. Another words for eventually finally, ultimately, sooner or later, in the end, in due course, in time, at the end of the day, in the long run Use “INDEED” -Used to emphasize a statement or response confirming something already suggested Examples Indeed, according to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Indeed, the big banks have well and truly moved in, partly explaining why Australia has four of the world's most valuable 20 banks and. Indeed, if you wait too long for the first caffe latte, you'll probably fantasise about crawling back under the duvet and starting over. Use of “INFACT” Another word to in fact genuinely, irrefutably, in reality, actually, really, in fact, as it happens, in truth, as a matter of fact examples In fact, the murder rate, and the absolute number of gun-related deaths in Australia has been falling in recent years. In fact, it is supposed that a severe earthquake had been experienced in Sumatra, concurrent with the other disturbances in the Strait of Sunda.

!!! MOST COMON 100 VOCABULARY THAT CAN BE USED TO GAIN MORE BANDS IN IELTS writing TASK 2 1. abate: reduce or lesson 2. abdicate: give up a position 3. aberration: something unusual, different from the norm 4. abhor: to really hate 5. abstain: to refrain from doing something 6. adversity: hardship, misfortune 7. aesthetic: pertaining to beauty 8. amicable: agreeable 9. anachronistic: out of the context of time, out of date 10. arid: very dry 11. asylum: sanctuary, place of safety 12. benevolent: friendly, helpful 13. bias: a prejudice towards something or against something 14. boisterous: enthusiastic, loud 15. brazen: bold 16. brusque: short, rude 17. camaraderie: togetherness, trust, group dynamic of trust 18. canny: careful 19. capacious: very large, spacious

20. capitulate: surrender 21. clairvoyant: can predict the future 22. collaborate: work together 23. compassion: sympathy 24. compromise: meeting in the middle, settling differences 25. condescending: patronizing 26. conditional: contingent upon something else, contingent upon 27. conformist: someone who follows the majority 28. convergence: coming together 29. deleterious: harmful 30. demagogue: rabble-rousing leader 31. digression: straying from main point 32. diligent: hard-working, dedicated 33. discredit: dishonor someone, prove something untrue 34. disdain: to regard with scorn 35. divergent: moving apart, going in different directions 36. empathy: feeling someone else’s feeling 37. emulate: following someone else's example 38. enervating: tiring 39. ephemeral: fleeting, temporary

40. evanescent: not lasting long 41. exemplary: outstanding 42. extenuating: something that makes the situation not as bad 43. florid: ornate 44. forbearance: patience, restraint 45. fortitude: strength 46. fortuitous: lucky 47. foster: promote, aid 48. fraught: filled with 49. frugal: thrifty 50. hackneyed: clichéd 51. haughty: being arrogant, talking down to people 52. hedonist: person who acts in pursuit of pleasure 53. hypothesis: unproven theory, educated guess 54. impetuous: rash, impulsive 55. impute: to assign or attribute to someone 56. inconsequential: without consequence, trivial, doesn't matter 57. inevitable: unavoidable, definitely going to happen 58. intrepid: fearless 59. intuitive: knowing something by instinct 60. jubilation: extreme happiness, joy 61. lobbyist: person who takes one side or the other, and persuades government officials 62. longevity: long (particularly long life) 63. mundane: boring, ordinary 64. nonchalant: casual, calm, at ease 65. opulent: wealthy 66. orator: speaker 67. ostentatious: flaunting wealth 68. parched: freed from water, dried up 69. perfidious: disloyal 70. pragmatic: practical

71. precocious: gifted/talented beyond one's years 72. pretentious: being self important, thinking you are better than others 73. procrastinate: to delay, often unnecessarily 74. prosaic: ordinary 75. prosperity: wealth 76. provocative: causes a fuss, inflammatory, likely to get people riled up 77. prudent: careful, wise 78. querulous: irritable, prone to argument 79. rancorous: hateful, unpleasant 80. reclusive: hermit, withdrawn 81. reconciliation: coming back together after a disagreement 82. renovation: being new, being redone 83. restrained: controlled, not free 84. reverence: deep respect 85. sagacity: wisdom 86. scrutinize: to look at carefully 87. spontaneous: being impulsive, acting without thinking 88. spurious: false, untrue 89. submissive: mild, meek 90. substantiate: to confirm, prove 91. subtle: shy, small, not showy 92. superficial: shallow 93. superfluous: unnecessary, too much 94. surreptitious: secret 95. tactful: polite 96. tenacious: persistent stubborn 97. transient: temporary, impermanent 98. venerable: respectable because of its age 99. vindicate: to free from blame 100. wary: careful, watchful

The informal words below are best avoided in Academic IELTS. The neutral words are „fine‟ for the Speaking module, but you really should learn the formal equivalents if you want to score highly in the Academic Writing module. Informal (Avoid) Stuff Folks Kids (younger) Kids (older) Guy Old people Cops Crooks OK, Alright Great, Awesome

Neutral (Spoken) Things Family Babies, Children Teenagers Man Elderly people Boss, Manager Police Criminals Fine Good

Formal (Written) Items, Possessions Relatives Infants, Offspring Adolescents, Youths Male Senior citizens, Retirees Supervisor, Superior Law enforcement Offenders, Lawbreakers Acceptable, Satisfactory Preferable, Desirable

Rubbish, Useless Bad, Poor Nice, Polite Kind, Friendly Nasty, Cheeky (person) Rude, Impolite Stupid, Crazy, Dumb (idea) Stupid, Crazy, Dumb (person) Happy (person) Happy (situation) Sad (person) Sad (situation) Sick of, Fed up with Tired of Poor (country) Poor (person) Rich (country) Rich (person)

Unsatisfactory, Unacceptable Considerate, Agreeable Sociable, Neighbourly Abusive, Disagreeable Misguided, Questionable Misguided, Mistaken Satisfied, Delighted Satisfying, Delightful Regretful, Distressed Regrettable, Distressing Dissatisfied with Developing, Poverty-stricken In poverty, Underprivileged Wealthy, Developed Wealthy, Privileged

Contractions such as don’t are fine in IELTS Speaking but it is better to use do not in the Academic Writing module. Casual forms such as gonna and dunno should only ever be used in the Speaking test and NEVER in Writing. !!! AVOID INFORMAL VOCABULARY: Formal and informal vocabulary:Informal:- Formal 1. Time :- eternity, generation, chronology, interval 2. Person:- human being, individual, personage, character 3. Year:- century, duration, century , moment, centennial, 4. Way:- approach, action, expedient, manner, 5. Day:- astronomical day, dawn-to-dark, diurnal course, epoch, interim, ERA, lifetime, millennium, span 6. Thing:- apparatus, commodity, configuration, device, gadget, instrument, article, attribute, 7. 8. World:- atmosphere, subsistence, globe, universe 9. Life:- breath, entity, liveliness, essence, impulse 10. Hand:- grasp, extremity, metacarpus, assistance, 11. Part:- allotment, articulation, installment, quantum, 12. Child:- adolescent, anklebiter, infant, tadpole, descendant, 13. Eye:- appreciation, belief, conviction, discernment, discrimination, scrutinize, consider, contemplate 14. :15. Place:- abode, accommodation, apartment, area, domicile, neighborhood, residence, vicinity, suburb, 16. Work:- assignment, endeavor, drudge, 17. Week:- chronology, interim, 18. Case:- argument, EVIDENCE, petition, process, 19. Point:- iota, fleck, apex, claw, promontory, degree, condition 20. Government:- bureaucracy, authority, jurisdiction, regime, predominance, 21. Company:- assembly, clique, aggregation, assemblage, 22. Number:- abundance, amount, calculation, aggregate, numerate, 23. Group:- accumulation, aggregation, assemblage, cluster, crew, organization 24. Problem:- dilemma, disagreement, mess, predicament, worriment 25. Fact:- actuality, authenticity, basis, certitude, permanence, verity, 2. get:- access, acquire, attain, inherit, apprehend,

3. make:- accomplish, assemble, compose, fabricate, originate, procreate, conduct, 4. go:- abscond, approach, flee, journey, travel, 5. know:- acknowledge, recognize, apprehend, comprehend, distinguish, acquainted 6. take:- abduct, abstract, borrow, filch, confiscate, 7. see:- contemplate, detect, discern, , gaze, observe, notice, recognize, 8. come:- appear, arrive, join, accumulate, amass, reach 9. think:- conceive, assume, determine, expect, imagine, judge, presume 10. look:- attention, gaze, introspection, review, sight, view, admire, notice, observe, 11. want:- desire, demand, necessity, need, wish, ache, aspire, ambition, 12. give:- allow, convey, deliver, devote, present, retreat, 13. use:- appropriateness, exercising, exertion, usability, exercise, 14. find:- acquire, attain, obtain, procure, deduce, search 15. tell:- announce, express, say, ascertain, perceive, 16. ask:- examine, interrogate, inquire, address, contest, propose, 17. 18. Seem:- assume, intimate, insinuate, imply, pretend, resemble, 19. Feel:- exhibit, sense, assume, repute, discern, acknowledge, presume, conjecture 20. Try:- effort, endeavor, trial, whirl, judge, agonize, 21. Leave:- allowance, assent, authorization, concession, dispensation, 22. Call:- ahoy, command, tweet, hail, it is always mandatory to use formal words in "ielts writing task " to achieve more bands. the lack of knowledge and guidance , however, sometimes do not provide success even after a hardcore studies.."

Writing Task 2 - Useful Language

Here are some useful headers that you can use in your Writing Task 2 . Expressing Views I would argue that I firmly believe that It seems to me that I tend to think that People argue that Some people think/say that It is understood that It is generally accepted that Refuting an Argument I am unconvinced that I don’t believe that It is hard to accept that There is little evidence to support the…… It is unjustifiable to say that Defining

Vocabulary Museum

By…… I mean By this I mean In other words That is to say To be more precise Here I’m (not) referring to Providing Support For example For instance A good example of this is Indeed In fact Of course If this were the case Firstly Naturally In my experience Let me illustrate

Presenting First of all… I’d like to begin with Secondly/ Then I’d like to move on to… Not forgetting the matter of Before we go any further, let us look at Last but not least there’s To summarise, To conclude Generalising Generally speaking,… There are in the region of … On the whole As a rule

building, depository, exhibition, exhibits archive, foundation, gallery, hall, institution, library, menagerie, repository, salon, storehouse, treasury, vault Art adroitness, aptitude, artistry, craft, craftsmanship, dexterity, expertise, facility, imagination, ingenuity, inventiveness, knack, know-how, knowledge, mastery, method, profession, trade, virtuosity Internet ARPANET, W3, WWW, World Wide Web, cyberspace, hyperspace, infobahn, information highway, information superhighway, national information infrastructure, online network, the Net, the Web People bodies, body politic, bourgeois, clan, common people, commonality, community, crowd, family, general public, heads, herd, human race, humanity, humankind, humans, inhabitants, kin, masses, mob, mortals, multitude, nation, nationality, populace, population, proletariat, public, rabble, society, tribe history ancient times, antiquity, bygone times, days of old, days of yore, good old days, old days, olden days, past, yesterday, yesteryear VOCABULARY • life expectancy (e.g. The average life expectancy in many counties is increasing and this is leading to…) • demographics (e.g. The average life expectancy in many counties is increasing and this is leading to a change in the demographics, with a higher proportion of old people becoming the norm.) • Isolated (e.g. Nowadays, there are many elderly people who are socially isolated…) • chronic (e.g. Nowadays, there are many elderly people who are socially isolated and who suffer from chronic health problems.) • Status (e.g. In some cultures, old people have a high social status and…) • respect (e.g. In some cultures, old people have a high social status and are shown a lot of respect from the younger generations.)

Synonyms Government administration, authority, dominion, execution, governance, law, polity, rule, sovereignty, state, statecraft 2 administration, executive, ministry, powers-that-be, regime 3 authority, command, control, direction, domination, guidance, management, regulation, restraint, superintendence, supervision, sway Mass Media broadcasting, electronic media, information media, media, press, radio, television information network, notice, notification, orientation, propaganda, comprehension, consciousness, discernment, enlightenment, experience, news, opinion, persuasion, prescription, proposal,

people human beings, humanity, humans, mankind, men and women, mortals, persons 2 citizens, clan, community, family, folk, inhabitants, nation, population, public, race, tribe 3 commonalty, crowd, general public, grass roots, hoi polloi, masses, mob, multitude, plebs, populace, proles proletariat, rabble, rank and file, the herd Violence bestiality, bloodshed, bloodthirstiness, brutality, brute force, cruelty, destructiveness, ferocity, fierceness, fighting, force, frenzy, fury, murderousness, passion, rough handling, savagery, strong-arm tactics (informal) terrorism, thuggery, vehemence, wildness 2 boisterousness, power, raging, roughness, storminess, tumult, turbulence, wildness News Part of Speech: noun Definition: information, revelation Synonyms: account, advice, announcement, broadcast, bulletin, cable, cognizance, communication, communiqué, copy, data, description, disclosure, discovery, dispatch, enlightenment, exposé,

Below is a 'band 9' paragraph about the benefits of zoos. I took the vocabulary ideas from this lesson (click here) and organised them in the following way: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Simple topic sentence. The main benefit is that... Another advantage of zoos is that... From a personal point of view,...

I've underlined the band 9 vocabulary. Zoos have several benefits. The main benefit is that zoos play an important role in wildlife conservation. They help to protect endangered species, such as pandas or rhinos, and allow scientists to study animal behaviour. Another advantage of zoos is that they employ large numbers of people, therefore providing job opportunities and income for the local area. Also, the money that zoos make can be used for conservation projects. From a personal point of view, zoos are interesting, educational and fun. They are entertaining for families, and teach children to appreciate wildlife and nature. Phrasal verbs:

1. Go on 2. Carry out 3. Set up 4. Pick up 5. Go back 6. Come back 7. Go out 8. Point out 9. Find out 10. Come up

-- 14,903 -- 10,798 -- 10,360 -- 9,037 -- 8,065 -- 8,029 -- 7,688 -- 6,984 -- 6,619 -- 5,523

Brain Storming Tips Before Writing Essay:

     

Think 3 to 4 minutes regarding your topic Make a “Spider Net Diagram” sketch on a paper Circle your main topic in the middle of paper and draw spider lines coming out from that circle Make points and attach those points with the lines coming out from main circle Make Points both Negative and Positive pertaining to your Topic Try to confine your positive points on one side and negative points on the other side

IELTS Package: Spider-Net Technique for Essay Writing: As per the IELTS Package recommendation, it is always advised that you must practice more and more for this “Spider Net Technique” and try to link ideas with each other to expand your essay, but ideas should be logical. For Instance, if someone asks you to write an essay on “Child Labor”, than how you will be writing and brainstorming within a minute? The solution is always “Spider Net Technique”, by which you can make points instantly and can start writing.

From the above example it is evident that you can make points instantly. IELTS Package, always advice students to correlate one topic with other. For example, if you are talking about “Alcohol” than you must think about its impact on society, health, psychology, and associated crime. Similarly, if you are going to discuss the topic “Role of Media” than you must think about media & society, media & news, its advantages, disadvantages, media and marketing, media & business development, however on negative side we can discuss, media and psychological problems, media and health issues etc. Note: IELTS package informs all students that the key success in this Writing Task 2 is basically a connection between your ideas to make a genuine flow in your writing. Also, to make a flow in writing the best possible solution is “Spider-Net Technique”, because with this technique you are just writing down all your ideas, which are actually helpful for your essay. Secondly, for your IELTS test preparation, it is advised that you must be reading different topics and not just stick with your field of specialization, so that you may be having a lot more information to correlate your ideas within an essay.

Many developing countries have welcomed foreign companies, while others think that local businesses should be protected and supported instead. Discuss both sides and give your opinion. OUR TRICK:Topic;- discussion Subject;- welcoming foreign companies; local business safety Question:- why people introducing foreign companies? How can we protect local business? Brain storming:- IDEAS GOLDEN RULE TO REMEMBER:- EVERY ESSAY IS “SUBJECT”. why people introducing foreign companies? SUBJECTS;Science:- advanced things in economic cost Economics:- less taxation Civil:- customer satisfaction and different equipments Geography:-can be sold worldwide How can we protect local business? SUBJECTS;Science:- scientific research and experiments on new manufacturing Economics:- high scale production Civis:- standardizing it. Geography:-opening various outlets How to write:Paragraphs:- at least 5 Introduction Body 1 Body 2 Body 3 Conclusion How to write an introduction:Background sentence Detailed background sentence Thesis Model Answer : Opinions of the people differ on a new product and companies when launched into a new region or country. The some experts insight the change as demanding and well for the country. But the opposition struggle for the existence of their confined business. For me, both opinions are favorable as it can be explained in detailed. Explanation Background sentence - Opinions of the people differ on a new product and companies when launched into a new region or country. Detailed background: - The some experts insight the change as demanding and well for the country. But the opposition struggle for the existence of their confined business.

Thesis; - For me, both opinions are favorable as it can be explained in detailed. Body structure 1, 2, 3:Topic sentence and reasons. Example Discussion statement Conclusion For example:It is a considering issue why people introduce new foreign companies? To an account, the first and the foremost reason is advanced items in economic cost. For example, the international companies such as Akai, LG equipments are latest and have no side effects on physical environment in cheaper prices. If these companies are benefiting the both people’s pocket and satisfaction then one should restrict on particular industries. Therefore, a country should pioneer international brands in near to every cities of country. Topic sentence and reasons:It is a considering issue why people introduce new foreign companies? To an account, the first and the foremost reason is advanced items in economic cost. Example For example, the international companies such as Akai, LG equipments are latest and have no side effects on physical environment in cheaper prices. Discussion statement If these companies are benefiting the both people’s pocket and satisfaction then one should restrict on particular industries. Conclusion Therefore, a country should pioneer international brands in near to every cities of country. @ in every paragraph, it should be written in the same way.

An Example of the IELTS Academic Task 2 Writing It's very difficult to visualize and understand all the things that I have said above. You need to practice with good quality questions from IELTS practice tests. Here I will try and provide you with an example question and then go through the stages of thought to show you how to approach an IELTS Task 2 essay. Here is a possible question that would be typical for a Task 2 essay question. "Do you believe that societies ought to enforce capital punishment or Are there alternative forms of punishment that would be better used?" First of all you need to consider the question. What does it ask? Straight away, you can see that it asks 2 things. It wants to know if you believe that society should use capital punishment (cp) and it also wants to know if you can offer any alternatives to capital punishment. Your answer should give a balanced view of both parts of this question. What is important to realize is that there is no correct answer here. You can present any point of view as long as you can support it. So, in your planning stage you should have a roadmap for the introduction, each paragraph and the conclusion. Here is my brief plan for the essay.

Intro   

What cp is. Where it's used. (not my country). Differing opinions. I don't believe in cp. There are alternative punishments.

Body 1. Inhumane - we shouldn't sink to the level of criminals. 2. We can get convictions wrong; prisoners can be released if there's an error. Mentally ill. Examples. 3. Alternative punishments: life means life; hospitals for criminally insane. Costs more but society has a duty to care. 4. Many countries favour it and they say it works. Prisons too full. Killers deserve nothing less. Some crimes deserve it. Not my morals though.

Conclusion I don't agree. We can do other things. Avoid mistakes and make modern society a humane one. The above is a basic plan of how I want to write my essay. It's not rigid. I can change my ideas and format as I write if I feel I can do better. I can also add things that I've forgotten as the essay goes on. It's normal of course for you to have new, good ideas as you write and the skill is to get them into your essay without upsetting the balance of the essay. How do you do this? It's practice again. You won't get good at writing essays and adapting your writing well without practice with relevant questions from quality IELTS practice tests. So, below is an example essay using the plan above as a basis.

IELTS Writing Task 2: problem and solution Behaviour in schools is getting worse. Explain the causes and effects of this problem, and suggest some possible solutions. Here are some ideas for two main body paragraphs: Causes of bad behaviour in schools: 1. 2. 3. 4.

bad behaviour / lack of discipline large classes / difficult to teach disruptive students / family background parents / lenient / spoil

Possible solutions: 1. 2. 3. 4.

schools / clear rules teachers / punish disruptive students parents / support / school rules parents / take responsibility / children‟s behaviour

A good way to practise your writing is to try making full sentences with these ideas e.g. one reason for bad behaviour is the lack of discipline in many schools.

More houses are needed in many countries to cope with increasing populations. Would it be better to build houses in existing towns and cities, or to develop new towns in rural areas? The first thing that I would do is think about my 4-paragraph structure. This means that we need 2 main body paragraphs (2 main ideas). Don't worry about putting your real opinion; just try to think of the easiest opinion for a 4-paragraph essay. Here's one way that we could structure the essay: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Introduction: give your opinion e.g. it's better to develop new towns Paragraph: explain why we shouldn't build more houses in cities Paragraph: explain the benefits of building new towns Conclusion: repeat / summarise your opinion

Here's my 2-sentence introduction: It is true that the populations of many countries are growing, and that new housing is therefore needed. In my opinion, it would be better to increase the provision of housing by creating new towns, rather than by further developing existing towns and cities.

Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. What, in your opinion, should be the function of a university? Here are some ideas:  It would probably be easiest to argue that universities should fulfil both roles (providing vocational skills and knowledge for its own sake).  We could use examples to help us generate ideas: try to make a list of some vocational degree courses (that provide training for a specific job), and a list of courses that do not lead to a particular job.  Write one main paragraph explaining the benefits (to the student and to society in general) of the two types of course.

The main reason people go to work is to earn money. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Ideas for one main paragraph:  agree that money is the main reason people work  people look at salary first, they rarely take a salary cut

  

need to live, pay bills, food etc. look after our families, save for the future otherwise, most people would probably choose not to work

Full paragraph using the ideas above: I agree that the majority of people work in order to earn money. Before taking any other factors into account, it is normal to first consider the salary that a particular post offers, and it is rare to hear of a person who happily takes a cut in pay when beginning a new job. We all need money to pay for our basic necessities, such as accommodation, bills and food. Many adults also have families who depend on the wages they earn, and at the same time they are conscious of the need to save for the future. If we no longer needed money, I doubt most of us would choose to continue in our jobs. (116 words)

The number of plants and animals is declining. Describe the problem and suggest some solutions. Ideas for describing the problem:    

over-farming, land needed for crops and animals cutting down trees destroys natural habitats, animals become extinct industrial waste in rivers, sea chemicals kill fish and plants, interrupt natural cycles / food chain

It seemed that we had 2 main ideas, so we wrote a 2-idea paragraph: There are two main reasons why plants and animals are disappearing. Firstly, in many parts of the world trees are being cut down to make way for farmland on which to grow crops and keep animals. The result of this is that natural habitats are being destroyed, and in some cases whole species of animals are becoming extinct. Secondly, human activity is also responsible for the destruction of aquatic life as domestic and industrial waste is pumped into rivers and seas. This chemical waste kills plants and fish, interrupting natural cycles and having a devastating effect on food chains. (99 words)

SSS Today, I'd like to share a 'band 9' sample essay for the question below.

Several languages are in danger of extinction because they are spoken by very small numbers of people. Some people say that governments should spend public money on saving these languages, while others believe that would be a waste of money. Discuss both these views and give your opinion. It is true that some minority languages may disappear in the near future. Although it can be argued that governments could save money by allowing this to happen, I believe that these languages should be protected and preserved. There are several reasons why saving minority languages could be seen as a waste of money. Firstly, if a language is only spoken by a small number of people, expensive education programmes will be needed to make sure that more people learn it, and the state will have to pay for facilities, teachers and marketing. This money might be better spent on other public services. Secondly, it would be much cheaper and more efficient for countries to have just one language. Governments could cut all kinds of costs related to communicating with each minority group. Despite the above arguments, I believe that governments should try to preserve languages that are less widely spoken. A language is much more than simply a means of communication; it has a vital connection with the cultural identity of the people who speak it. If a language disappears, a whole way of life will disappear with it,

and we will lose the rich cultural diversity that makes societies more interesting. By spending money to protect minority languages, governments can also preserve traditions, customs and behaviours that are part of a country‟s history. In conclusion, it may save money in the short term if we allow minority languages to disappear, but in the long term this would have an extremely negative impact on our cultural heritage. (258 words)

Several people have asked me about this question from Cambridge IELTS 8. I wrote the essay below with the help of some of my students. A few simple linking features are highlighted.

Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships that people make? Has this been a positive or negative development? It is true that new technologies have had an influence on communication between people. Technology has affected relationships in various ways, and in my opinion there are both positive and negative effects. Technology has had an impact on relationships in business, education and social life. Firstly, telephones and the Internet allow business people in different countries to interact without ever meeting each other. Secondly, services like Skype create new possibilities for relationships between students and teachers. For example, a student can now take video lessons with a teacher in a different city or country. Finally, many people use social networks, like Facebook, to make new friends and find people who share common interests, and they interact through their computers rather than face to face. On the one hand, these developments can be extremely positive. Cooperation between people in different countries was much more difficult when communication was limited to written letters or telegrams. Nowadays, interactions by email, phone or video are almost as good as face-to-face meetings, and many of us benefit from these interactions, either in work or social contexts. On the other hand, the availability of new communication technologies can also have the result of isolating people and discouraging real interaction. For example, many young people choose to make friends online rather than mixing with their peers in the real world, and these „virtual‟ relationships are a poor substitute for real friendships. In conclusion, technology has certainly revolutionised communication between people, but not all of the outcomes of this revolution have been positive. (257 words, band 9)

Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be enjoyable. To what extent do you agree or disagree? When I wrote my list of hobbies, I realised that some were easy and others were difficult. As a result, I'd say that "I partly agree" with the statement. Here's my 4-paragraph essay plan: 1. Introduction - write 2 sentences: introduce the topic, and give an overall answer. 2. Main paragraph - about difficult hobbies. My examples: swimming, football, chess. Most sports and games are difficult, but the challenge makes them more enjoyable, especially when you can see that you are improving. 3. Main paragraph - about easy hobbies. My examples: photography, reading, cinema. In my opinion, you do not need to be an expert to enjoy taking photos, reading books, or watching films. I find these activities both easy and enjoyable. 4. Conclusion - repeat / summarise your answer in one sentence.

Some hobbies are relatively easy, while others present more of a challenge. Personally, I believe that both types of hobby can be fun, and I therefore disagree with the statement that hobbies need to be difficult in order to be enjoyable. On the one hand, many people enjoy easy hobbies. One example of an activity that is easy for most people is swimming. This hobby requires very little equipment, it is simple to learn, and it is inexpensive. I remember learning to swim at my local swimming pool when I was a child, and it never felt like a demanding or challenging experience. Another hobby that I find easy and fun is photography. In my opinion, anyone can take interesting pictures without knowing too much about the technicalities of operating a camera. Despite being straightforward, taking photos is a satisfying activity. On the other hand, difficult hobbies can sometimes be more exciting. If an activity is more challenging, we might feel a greater sense of satisfaction when we manage to do it successfully. For example, film editing is a hobby that requires a high level of knowledge and expertise. In my case, it took me around two years before I became competent at this activity, but now I enjoy it much more than I did when I started. I believe that many hobbies give us more pleasure when we reach a higher level of performance because the results are better and the feeling of achievement is greater. In conclusion, simple hobbies can be fun and relaxing, but difficult hobbies can be equally pleasurable for different reasons. Note: Notice that we used examples as the basis of both main paragraphs. Band 9

The problem/solution essay The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest? There is no doubt that the internet has revolutionised communication and information-sharing in the same way that the telegraph and the television did before it. However, societies have had to cope with unanticipated new problems, including crimes which traditional laws are powerless to prevent. This essay will address some of the illegal acts enabled by the internet and propose solutions. To begin with, the global scale of the internet means that national laws are no longer adequate to control what happens online. Take restrictions on legal reporting, for example. In some countries, the media is prohibited from revealing details of a defendant‟s past in case this prejudices a fair trial. However, such restrictions are no longer enforceable now that information may be freely published in other countries and accessed by all. The only solution here, it seems, is to adopt global standards. Since the internet traverses national borders, the flow of information can only be controlled if all nations agree on what can and cannot be shared. Another problem concerns anonymity, as internet users can easily conceal their identity and even impersonate others. Many crimes such as identity theft and child abuse result from the ease with which criminals can operate anonymously online. Some have proposed a system of online identification, similar to a passport, which would allow all internet users to be verified and traced. I believe this idea should be explored further, though there are clearly concerns about the security of those who use the internet to protest against oppressive regimes. In conclusion, the only long-term solution to the problem of internet crime is greater international cooperation. Since the problem is global is scale, the solution must also be global. A new agency of the United Nations should be created to tackle the problems described here. (298 words, IELTS 8.5)

The argument essay It is sometimes argued that too many students go to university, while others claim that a university education should be a universal right. Discuss both sides of the argument and give your own opinion. In some advanced countries, it is not unusual for more than 50% of young adults to attend college or university. Critics, however, claim that many university courses are worthless and young people would be better off gaining skills in the workplace. In this essay, I will examine both sides of this argument and try to reach a conclusion. There are several reasons why university has become a popular choice for young people. First, growing prosperity in many parts of the world has increased the number of families with money to invest in their children‟s future. At the same time, falling birthrates mean that one- or two-child families have become common, increasing the level of investment in each child. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that young people are willing to let their families support them until the age of 21 or 22. Furthermore, millions of new jobs have been created in knowledge industries, and these jobs are typically open only to university graduates. However, it often appears that graduates end up in occupations unrelated to their university studies. It is not uncommon for an English literature major to end up working in sales, or an engineering graduate to retrain as a teacher, for example. Some critics have suggested that young people are just delaying their entry into the workplace, rather than developing professional skills. A more serious problem is that the high cost of a university education will mean that many families are reluctant to have more than one child, exacerbating the falling birthrates in certain countries. In conclusion, while it can be argued that too much emphasis is placed on a university education, my own opinion is that the university years are a crucial time for personal development. If people enter the workplace aged 18, their future options may be severely restricted. Attending university allows them time to learn more about themselves and make a more appropriate choice of career. (320 words. IELTS 9.0)

Why does this Task 2 answer get an IELTS Band 9 score? Task response: The model answer fully answers the question by stating several arguments both for and against the expansion of higher education. The candidate‟s position is clearly expressed in the conclusion. The style is appropriate to academic writing and the answer is at least 250 words in length. Coherence and cohesion: The model answer has an introduction and conclusion. Each body paragraph deals with a different side of the argument and begins with a clear topic sentence. Arguments are developed with logical connectives such as therefore and furthermore. Lexical resource: There is a good range of vocabulary suited to an argument essay, including reporting verbs like claim and suggest, and hedging verbs like can and appear. There is native-like collocation throughout, including growing prosperity, enter the workplace and severely restricted. Grammatical range and accuracy: The model answer uses a wide range of grammatical devices appropriate to academic writing. These include conditionals (If…), participle clauses (…, increasing the…), concessive clauses (while it can…) and passive constructions (…it can be argued that…). There are no grammatical errors.

Opinion essay

Space exploration is much too expensive and the money should be spent on more important things. To what extent do you agree or disagree? There is an argument that exploring space is a waste of money and that there are more urgent needs to be addressed on earth, such as reducing poverty and preventing environmental destruction. However, I completely disagree with this opinion for two reasons. First of all, many of the technologies we take for granted today were originated thanks to space research. Take satellite technology, for example, which we depend on for broadcasting and weather forecasting. Without

satellites, we would not be able to follow global events as they happen, nor give populations any warning of approaching storms. Space research has also led to the development of new lightweight materials that offer us heat protection and enable food preservation. Therefore, the challenge of sending human beings into space has often driven the development of new technologies that benefit our everyday lives. Second, we cannot foresee the distant future, so we ought to develop the capability to escape from the earth. Gradually, we are learning how humans can survive for long periods in space and even travel to other planets in the future. If space exploration is halted, this valuable knowledge will never be acquired. It is true that environmental destruction is also a serious issue, but it is also true that we remain dependent on our environment if we never accept the challenge of exploring other worlds. In conclusion, while we undoubtedly face serious problems on our own planet, it is imperative that we continue to explore space. This will promote further technological advances as well as provide a possible means of escape should earth become uninhabitable in future. Ideally, all nations should cooperate in the advancement of space research. (278 words, IELTS 8.5)

Why does this Task 2 answer get an IELTS Band 8 score? Task response: The introduction effectively paraphrases the question and presents a clear opinion. The writer‟s opinion is supported in the body of the essay. Concrete examples are given. The conclusion restates the writer‟s opinion and ends with a recommendation. Coherence and cohesion: The model answer is divided into clear paragraphs and each body paragraph contains one main idea. There are cohesive links between all paragraphs and between most sentences. Lexical resource: The key concept of space exploration is paraphrased several times. There are many words characteristic of academic writing such as originated, imperative, and foresee. Vocabulary is used with a strong awareness of collocation: take for granted, develop the capability, accept the challenge. Grammatical range and accuracy: The model answer is free from grammatical errors. A good balance of simple and complex sentences is used to develop an argument. Verb tenses vary, and other grammatical devices such as conditionals and modals are used with high accuracy

SSS We cannot help everyone in the world that needs help, so we should only be concerned with our own communities and countries. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Let's plan an essay for this question. 1. Introduction - I don't think there is a "middle" opinion for this question. You either agree that we should only be worried about our own communities and countries, or you think that we should also help those outside our own countries. The best response might be to disagree - then you can say that we should try to help everyone. 2. Paragraph 2 - I agree that it is important to help our neighbours and fellow citizens. (Explain this idea) 3. Paragraph 3 - At the same time, I believe that we have an obligation to help those who live beyond our national borders. (Explain) 4. Conclusion - Repeat the idea that we can help people both at home and abroad. Some people believe that we should not help people in other countries as long as there are problems in our own society. I disagree with this view because I believe that we should try to help as many people as possible. On the one hand, I accept that it is important to help our neighbours and fellow citizens. In most communities there are people who are impoverished or disadvantaged in some way. It is possible to find homeless people, for example, in even the wealthiest of cities, and for those who are concerned about this problem, there are usually opportunities to volunteer time or give money to support these people. In the UK, people can help in a

variety of ways, from donating clothing to serving free food in a soup kitchen. As the problems are on our doorstep, and there are obvious ways to help, I can understand why some people feel that we should prioritise local charity. At the same time, I believe that we have an obligation to help those who live beyond our national borders. In some countries the problems that people face are much more serious than those in our own communities, and it is often even easier to help. For example, when children are dying from curable diseases in African countries, governments and individuals in richer countries can save lives simply by paying for vaccines that already exist. A small donation to an international charity might have a much greater impact than helping in our local area. In conclusion, it is true that we cannot help everyone, but in my opinion national boundaries should not stop us from helping those who are in need. (280 words, band 9)

SSS Some people believe that studying at university or college is the best route to a successful career, while others believe that it is better to get a job straight after school. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Here's an example of how I write a 4-paragraph essay for "discuss and give your opinion" questions. Notice that I give my opinion in 3 places (introduction, paragraph 3, conclusion). Introduction When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma of whether to get a job or continue their education. While there are some benefits to getting a job straight after school, I would argue that it is better to go to college or university. Paragraph 1: benefits of getting a job The option to start work straight after school is attractive for several reasons. (IDEAS: start earning money, become independent, gain experience, learn skills, get promotions, settle down earlier, afford a house, have a family) Paragraph 2: benefits of higher education (my opinion) On the other hand, I believe that it is more beneficial for students to continue their studies. (IDEAS: some jobs require academic qualifications, better job opportunities, higher salaries, the job market is very competitive, gain knowledge, become a useful member of society) Conclusion For the reasons mentioned above, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their lives if they continue their studies beyond school level. When they finish school, teenagers face the dilemma of whether to get a job or continue their education. While there are some benefits to getting a job straight after school, I would argue that it is better to go to college or university. The option to start work straight after school is attractive for several reasons. Many young people want to start earning money as soon as possible. In this way, they can become independent, and they will be able to afford their own house or start a family. In terms of their career, young people who decide to find work, rather than continue their studies, may progress more quickly. They will have the chance to gain real experience and learn practical skills related to their chosen profession. This may lead to promotions and a successful career.

On the other hand, I believe that it is more beneficial for students to continue their studies. Firstly, academic qualifications are required in many professions. For example, it is impossible to become a doctor, teacher or lawyer without having the relevant degree. As a result, university graduates have access to more and better job opportunities, and they tend to earn higher salaries than those with fewer qualifications. Secondly, the job market is becoming increasingly competitive, and sometimes there are hundreds of applicants for one position in a company. Young people who do not have qualifications from a university or college will not be able to compete. For the reasons mentioned above, it seems to me that students are more likely to be successful in their careers if they continue their studies beyond school level. (271 words, band 9)

I student sent me this question, and I agree that it's difficult:

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the relationship between equality and personal achievement. Some people believe that individuals can achieve more in egalitarian societies. Others believe that high levels of personal achievement are possible only if individuals are free to succeed or fail according to their individual merits. What is your view of the relationship between equality and personal success? Faced with this question, here are 3 tips: 1. Have a strong opinion (e.g. I completely agree that people can achieve more in egalitarian societies.) You can ignore the other view. 2. Focus on the last line of the question (What is your view of...?). This line sums up the whole question very clearly. Just answer this question. 3. Use examples as the basis of your argument e.g. free university education ensures equality of opportunity, and therefore allows individuals to achieve more. If you try writing an essay for this question, you can compare your essay with my answer next Wednesday. I'm afraid I can't check essays or give scores. Note: 'egalitarian' refers to the principle that people are equal, and deserve equal rights and opportunities.  In my opinion, an egalitarian society is one in which everyone has the same rights and the same opportunities. I completely agree that people can achieve more in this kind of society. Education is an important factor with regard to personal success in life. I believe that all children should have access to free schooling, and higher education should be either free or affordable for all those who chose to pursue a university degree. In a society without free schooling or affordable higher education, only children and young adults from wealthier families would have access to the best learning opportunities, and they would therefore be better prepared for the job market. This kind of inequality would ensure the success of some but harm the prospects of others. I would argue that equal rights and opportunities are not in conflict with people‟s freedom to succeed or fail. In other words, equality does not mean that people lose their motivation to succeed, or that they are not allowed to fail. On the contrary, I believe that most people would feel more motivated to work hard and reach their potential if they thought that they lived in a fair society. Those who did not make the same effort would know that they had wasted their opportunity. Inequality, on the other hand, would be more likely to demotivate people because they would know that the odds of success were stacked in favour of those from privileged backgrounds. In conclusion, it seems to me that there is a positive relationship between equality and personal success. (260 words) score 9 Note: I'm not sure that this was a 'real' IELTS question (maybe the student who sent it to me remembered it wrongly)

because it is a bit confusing: it seems strange to me to imply that "egalitarian/equality" is the opposite of "free to succeed or fail". Anyway, I hope you still find the essay useful.

Many people decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it. This, they argue, leads to a more satisfying working life. To what extent do you agree with this view? What other things can people do in order to have a satisfying working life? Introduction: It is true that some people know from an early age what career they want to pursue, and they are happy to spend the rest of their lives in the same profession. While I accept that this may suit many people, I believe that others enjoy changing careers or seeking job satisfaction in different ways.

I tried to use an "Idea, Explain, Example" structure for the first paragraph, and a "Firstly, Secondly, Finally" structure for the second. Main body paragraphs: On the one hand, having a defined career path can certainly lead to a satisfying working life. Many people decide as young children what they want to do as adults, and it gives them a great sense of satisfaction to work towards their goals and gradually achieve them. For example, many children dream of becoming doctors, but to realise this ambition they need to gain the relevant qualifications and undertake years of training. In my experience, very few people who have qualified as doctors choose to change career because they find their work so rewarding, and because they have invested so much time and effort to reach their goal. On the other hand, people find happiness in their working lives in different ways. Firstly, not everyone dreams of doing a particular job, and it can be equally rewarding to try a variety of professions; starting out on a completely new career path can be a reinvigorating experience. Secondly, some people see their jobs as simply a means of earning money, and they are happy if their salary is high enough to allow them to enjoy life outside work. Finally, job satisfaction is often the result of working conditions, rather than the career itself. For example, a positive working atmosphere, enthusiastic colleagues, and an inspirational boss can make working life much more satisfying, regardless of the profession.

Some people think that all teenagers should be required to do unpaid work in their free time to help the local community. They believe this would benefit both the individual teenager and society as a whole. Do you agree or disagree? Many young people work on a volunteer basis, and this can only be beneficial for both the individual and society as a whole. However, I do not agree that we should therefore force all teenagers to do unpaid work. Most young people are already under enough pressure with their studies, without being given the added responsibility of working in their spare time. School is just as demanding as a full-time job, and teachers expect their students to do homework and exam revision on top of attending lessons every day. When young people do have some free time, we should encourage them to enjoy it with their friends or to spend it doing sports and other leisure activities. They have many years of work ahead of them when they finish their studies. At the same time, I do not believe that society has anything to gain from obliging young people to do unpaid work. In fact, I would argue that it goes against the values of a free and fair society to force a group of people to do something against their will. Doing this can only lead to resentment amongst young people, who would feel that they were being used, and parents, who would not want to be told how to raise their children. Currently, nobody is forced to volunteer, and this is surely the best system.

In conclusion, teenagers may choose to work for free and help others, but in my opinion we should not make this compulsory. (250 words, band 9)

SSS Families who do not send their children to public schools should not be required to pay taxes that support universal education. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Strong opinion 1) Some people may argue that citizens should not be required to financially contribute to the public education system if their children attend private schools. However, I completely disagree with this idea as will be now explained. The main reason why all members of society should be paying for public education is of a great importance. Education is considered to be basic human right and every child should be given this opportunity regardless of his or her social status. Young generations should be able to attend schools and pursue their education so they can contribute to the general welfare when they reach adulthood. If we don't contribute equally to the public sector, the standard of public schooling will suffer. As a result, children attending public schools will not be able to compete with children whose parents can afford private schools. In addition, lack of proper education is the main reason of unemployment, poverty and crime. Moreover, it seems that the existing system of financing public schools is justifiable. If we were to pay only for things that we use or need, many other sectors wouldn't be able to operate either. For instance, in my home country medical system is also supported by government's money and every member of society is required to pay for it regardless their well-being. To conclude, it seems that it is crucial for every citizen to provide financially to the public education system; otherwise, significant inequalities will develop between reach and less advantaged children. 2)

In recent years, it has become more common topic for societies. And I completely disagree with this statement which is about paying taxes for supporting universal education from families who do not send their kids to public schools. First of all, I believe that paying any kind of taxes should be an obligation. Especially taxes that have connection about education should be a must. Because governments take this taxes from citizens not only for making benefits to in favour of this citizens but also helping to other poor people. This taxes like some kind a balance tool among people who earn high incomes and poor ones. So, whether or not some people send their children to public schools, they have to pay taxes for universal education if they have an feasible income. Furthermore, there are not any reason about taxes should fair. Educational taxes are very important for developing countries. Because if one country has a good education system, this country will get benefits from this system in the future. So, at this point, governments have to make this opportunity for families. But they do not have to follow families decisions and make law for personal. This is families' responsibilities to decide their kid's educational life. And even if they do not send to their children this schools, they do not have right to complain that paying taxes for supporting education. To sum up, for this reason mentioned above, it is obvious that everyone must pay their taxes in any situation they have. As we can see, there are various reason for doing this. 3) Although it is fundamental right of any government to charge taxes from its citizens but I strongly agree with the fact that parent whose children going other than public school can not be forced to pay education tax as it would be morally and ethically incorrect and violation of citizen's primary right. Further discussion on this essay will fortify my point.

There are number of causes that make people to reach this decision. Firstly, education is the most important requirement of children and almost every parents leave to stone unturned to meet it. As a result some parents send their children to well-equipped, private schools that are much better in facilities and quality of teaching in comparison to government schools. These things come at a cost of increased fees and expense which parent have to take into account. Hence, paying government taxes for public education would be equal to paying for the services which you are not availing at all and seems to be unreasonable. Therefore In my point of view parents opting private schools for their children should not charged for education taxes. Furthermore, although government of any country charge taxes from its citizen either for the services such as water, security, transport, education, which it make available to its people or the taxes such as income tax, sale tax and so on but in any case government can put taxes on those citizen who are not using their services. For example if we do not buy a ticket for government run buses we do not pay the taxes which is generally included in fare. On the other hand, at the same time, we can not deprive education to the children from poor economic family background since it would have an devastating effect on our social and economic development as a whole. As a result this tax can be made optional for the parents whose children not attending public schools. To conclude with, it would be highly unjustifiable and unconventional to levy tax on them who do not use that service.

In the last century, the first man to walk on the moon said it was "a giant leap for mankind”. However, some people think it has made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Balanced opinion 1) Some people may argue that our ability to explore the moon was a significant achievement of the twentieth century while others argue that this has not impacted our lives at all. Both points of view have their merits as will now be explained. On the one hand, it can be argued that the arrival of the Appollo crew on the moon has changed our points of view about many aspets of our lives. Some people, mainly scientists, had high hopes for changes that could enhance human's existence on Earth. Others had been inspired by this achievement; it showed us that we can achieve anything if we put our minds to it. Inevitably, we concluded that since men has set his foot on the moon, other places in space will be explored in a matter of time and that there will be very little unknown left to possess the knowledge of the universe. On the other hand, it can be said that the money spent on research, space ships and training of astronauts has been wasted because we have not benefited in terms of our standard of living. Many people argue that the money could have been spent on public services such as healthcare, education or infrastructure. We would be better off if we made progress in areas directly related to our daily lives. For instance, by subsidizing healthcare sector, many more people could get medical coverage. To conclude, although the benefits of exploring the moon cannot be said to be significant when considering the standard of our lives, it seems that the idea inspired a lot of people and brought hope for a better life for all. 2) Since its existence on universe, mankind was always eager to figure out the mystery and rational behind their birth as well as how and why the world sprang up. However, it is a question of extremely intensified debate that landing on moon by human kind was a benefit or loss for the world. This essay will show some light on both aspect of the discussion.

On the one hand people refuting this logic claims that most countries in the world except some highly affluent, are suffering from hunger, upheaval and poverty. Thus being a human kind it is the our collective responsibility to help them making their ends meet rather than spending money on such kind of act which has yield no direct result and advantage to the society. They suggest that it would be better to put the money in innovation and invention in the field of science and technology which have a upfront impact on the day to day life of ours and which can make life easier. However on the other side are those who support the idea and argue that our view should be foresighted rather than myopic. In fact they argue that many countries especially Asian in the world now a days are facing the problem of population and very soon there will no space to live on the earth. Beside this do the enormous growth of population the requirement of housing is increasing constantly which results in acquiring more land for building up new house and leaving very few field for farming. They also claim that days are not far from the fact that people will start dying with hunger because of the scarcity of food. Hence it becomes vital to find some new place to at tackle this problem at least for temporary means. To conclude, it is certainly true that huge money have been spent by many countries in this project yielding temporarily no immidiate advante but we should realise the fact that in long run it will definitely pay back us immensly.

SSS Women should have an equal role alongside men in both police and armed forces. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Here is my plan for a 4-paragraph essay: 1. Introduction: topic + response - Introduce the topic e.g. "Increasing numbers of women are choosing to..." - Respond to the question e.g. "I completely agree that women should be able..." 2. First reason why I agree: equal opportunities Explain why women should have the same right as men to choose their profession. People should be chosen for jobs according to their skills, qualifications, character etc. 3. Second reason why I agree: women's capabilities I would disagree with the view that women are less able than men to do certain jobs. Also, I would argue that policewomen, for example, may be better at controlling a situation by communicating more effectively. Police and military work requires more than just physical strength. Teamwork, leadership and communication can be much more important. 4. Conclusion: one sentence Repeat your response in a different way. --- Health care and education are the fundamental requirements for the development of A/ANY country.

SSS Some people think that museums should be enjoyable places to entertain people, while others believe that the purpose of museums is to educate. Discuss both views and give you own opinion. Let's forget about the whole question. Just try to list some words that are related to the 3 main ideas. Museums:



exhibition, exhibit (verb, like 'show'), an exhibit (noun, 'item'), artifact, object, collection, history, science, art, culture, visitors, members of the public, public viewing...

Entertain: 

entertainment, entertaining, enjoy, enjoyment, enjoyable, have fun, interesting, fascinating, spectacular, impressive, leisure time, free time, a day out, tourist attraction...

Educate: 

education, educational, teach, learn, explain, understand, know, gain/expand/pass on/transmit knowledge, skills, experience, open your mind, broaden your horizons...

Making lists of related words is a good way to generate ideas. You might not have time to do this in the exam, but it's a useful study technique.

People have different views about the role and function of museums. In my opinion, museums can and should be both entertaining and educational. On the one hand, it can be argued that the main role of a museum is to entertain. Museums are tourist attractions, and their aim is to exhibit a collection of interesting objects that many people will want to see. The average visitor may become bored if he or she has to read or listen to too much educational content, so museums often put more of an emphasis on enjoyment rather than learning. This type of museum is designed to be visually spectacular, and may have interactive activities or even games as part of its exhibitions. On the other hand, some people argue that museums should focus on education. The aim of any exhibition should be to teach visitors something that they did not previously know. Usually this means that the history behind the museum’s exhibits needs to be explained, and this can be done in various ways. Some museums employ professional guides to talk to their visitors, while other museums offer headsets so that visitors can listen to detailed commentary about the exhibition. In this way, museums can play an important role in teaching people about history, culture, science and many other aspects of life. In conclusion, it seems to me that a good museum should be able to offer an interesting, enjoyable and educational experience so that people can have fun and learn something at the same time. (253 words, band 9)

There are two groups of people having controversial views about museums. One group think that museums motivate people to further education whereas others think that people visit museums to entertain and amuse. I believe, museums are having an educational support to a wide range of people . Museums play a significant role in educating people in terms of what the past used to look like, how the animals were and ech-system it gives the general picture of how people in specific period of time were governate and how socialising . take a person who studies a specific subject about history which is sometimes difficult to digest without physical aid. Museums provide the physical aid to study history philosophy, art, science, culture ,etc, Museums are the source of tourist attraction. Tourism is a flourishing industry supporting the economy of the nations all around the world these days. It is a main source of income in countries like Egypt to mention as an example. There are many other countries around the world which are of a major tourist destiny. Their museums play a phenomenal role in playing a backbone role in the general scheme.

To conclude it is important to have the opportunity to visit museums because we could improve our horizons in terms of history, art, astronology. So, if people take their time well and motivate their children to visit local museums, they might contribute in teaching their children indirectly about a museum piece or tool .

There are many different types of music in the world today. Why do we need music? Is the traditional music of a country more important than the international music that is heard everywhere nowadays? Here's a quick plan to show you how I would approach this question: 1. Introduction: Paraphrase the idea that many types of music are found around the world, then briefly answer both parts of the question. 2. Paragraph answering the first question: Explain why we need music e.g. for enjoyment, to express ideas and emotions. Give an example from your experience, and/or explain what life would be like without music. 3. Paragraph answering the second question: It might be easier to argue that traditional music is more important e.g. because it expresses cultural identity, customs, history. Give an example from your country, and/or explain how you would feel if traditional music disappeared. 4. Conclusion: Repeat / summarise your views. It is true that a rich variety of musical styles can be found around the world. Music is a vital part of all human cultures for a range of reasons, and I would argue that traditional music is more important than modern, international music. Music is something that accompanies all of us throughout our lives. As children, we are taught songs by our parents and teachers as a means of learning language, or simply as a form of enjoyment. Children delight in singing with others, and it would appear that the act of singing in a group creates a connection between participants, regardless of their age. Later in life, people‟s musical preferences develop, and we come to see our favourite songs as part of our life stories. Music both expresses and arouses emotions in a way that words alone cannot. In short, it is difficult to imagine life without it. In my opinion, traditional music should be valued over the international music that has become so popular. International pop music is often catchy and fun, but it is essentially a commercial product that is marketed and sold by business people. Traditional music, by contrast, expresses the culture, customs and history of a country. Traditional styles, such as ...(example)..., connect us to the past and form part of our cultural identity. It would be a real pity if pop music became so predominant that these national styles disappeared. In conclusion, music is a necessary part of human existence, and I believe that traditional music should be given more importance than international music. (261 words, band 9)

Some people think that governments should give financial support to creative artists such as painters and musicians. Others believe that creative artists should be funded by alternative sources. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. People have different views about the funding of creative artists. While some people disagree with the idea of government support for artists, I believe that money for art projects should come from both governments and other sources.

Some art projects definitely require help from the state. In the UK, there are many works of art in public spaces, such as streets or squares in city centres. In Liverpool, for example, there are several new statues and sculptures in the docks area of the city, which has been redeveloped recently. These artworks represent culture, heritage and history. They serve to educate people about the city, and act as landmarks or talking points for visitors and tourists. Governments and local councils should pay creative artists to produce this kind of art, because without their funding our cities would be much less interesting and attractive. On the other hand, I can understand the arguments against government funding for art. The main reason for this view is that governments have more important concerns. For example, state budgets need to be spent on education, healthcare, infrastructure and security, among other areas. These public services are vital for a country to function properly, whereas the work of creative artists, even in public places, is a luxury. Another reason for this opinion is that artists do a job like any other professional, and they should therefore earn their own money by selling their work. On the other hand, it is justified for some people to hold the view that there are many other sources for artists to seek for financial support. Apart from the direct funding/grants from the governments, industries sponsorships can be one major way for them to support their arts creation. For example, arts related industries like the mobile giant Apple may provide some funding for those designers in an exchange for inspirations of future appearance designs for their electronic devices. The revenue from auctions of artists’ works can also be a way to think of. By selling their masterpieces to some arts collectors, it would be not that difficult for artists to maintain their daily expenses. Besides these two major ways, sometimes individual donations can also be an effective origin that artists can draw from. on the other hand, the authorities that would budget to assist the artists must posses a sound construction on the infrastructural education and social security. With regard to the property of arts, which is a sort of relaxation, the development of the forms of art such as music, horticulture and painting are thrived on the ground of the social wellbeing. It is unbelievable that the government of countries in South America, Africa and some directions of Asia which people are suffering from the torment of war, the threaten of famine and the horrify of paucity are still fiscally supporting artists. Under such circumstances identified above, though cynical, there are at least one third of the countries throughout the world should not even think about the appropriation to the art spectrum.

In conclusion, there are good reasons why artists should rely on alternative sources of financial support, but in my opinion government help is sometimes necessary.

Some people regard video games as harmless fun, or even as a useful educational tool. Others, however, believe that videos games are having an adverse effect on the people who play them. In your opinion, do the drawbacks of video games outweigh the benefits? Personally, I'd answer this question in the same way as I'd answer a 'discuss both views and give your opinion' question. I'd write 4 paragraphs: 1. Introduce the topic, both sides of the argument, and my view. 2. Explain the benefits of video games. 3. Explain the drawbacks. 4. Summarise / repeat my overall opinion. Many people, and children in particular, enjoy playing computer games. While I accept that these games can sometimes have a positive effect on the user, I believe that they are more likely to have a harmful impact. On the one hand, video games can be both entertaining and educational. Users, or gamers, are transported into virtual worlds which are often more exciting and engaging than real-life pastimes. From an educational perspective, these games encourage imagination and creativity, as well as concentration, logical thinking and problem solving, all of which are useful skills outside the gaming context. Furthermore, it has been shown that

computer simulation games can improve users‟ motor skills and help to prepare them for real-world tasks, such as flying a plane. However, I would argue that these benefits are outweighed by the drawbacks. Gaming can be highly addictive because users are constantly given scores, new targets and frequent rewards to keep them playing. Many children now spend hours each day trying to progress through the levels of a game or to get a higher score than their friends. This type of addiction can have effects ranging from lack of sleep to problems at school, when homework is sacrificed for a few more hours on the computer or console. The rise in obesity in recent years has also been linked in part to the sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise that often accompany gaming addiction. In conclusion, it seems to me that the potential dangers of video games are more significant than the possible benefits. (258 words, band 9)

The following question comes from Cambridge IELTS book 8.

Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems. To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective? My students wrote the introduction below. Notice that it addresses all parts of the question so that the examiner knows exactly what our position is. Traffic and pollution are growing problems in today’s society. Personally, I disagree with the idea that higher petrol prices could solve these problems, and I believe that various other measures would be more constructive. PS. Don't waste time writing a longer introduction than this. The main body paragraphs are much more important!

1) Traffic and pollution are inevitable problems in today‟s society. Personally, I disagree with the idea that raising petrol prices could solve these problems and I believe that other various measures would be more constructive. Basically, an increase of fuel prices means that consumers have to pay more money to use their cars, resulting in a decrease of their interest and ability to do other shopping. As higher costs are needed to transport goods and foods, their prices will also ascend accordingly, which will consequently increase the financial burden of a business to run smoothly. Furthermore, the fares of public transport will also rise in response to the increase of fuel price. Provided that people have to pay extra money to use public transport, they are less likely to abandon driving their cars instead of catching a bus or train. Eventually, the root of traffic congestion and pollution will not be solved. Clearly, other measures need to be taken to combat the present issues. To bring down the amount of traffic congestion, the governments will need to focus on improvement of public infrastructure, such as putting more new buses and trains into operation. More people will be interested in using public transport if the governments committed to provide incentives to make public transport more affordable. Besides, with the introduction of a toll entering city centers, the governments can utilize this revenue by investing back into improving public transport and bicycles inside city centers. As a result, while the overall number of private vehicles will decrease, we will see a significant reduction in traffic congestions as well as an improvement of air. As has been shown above, simply rising fuel prices is not the optimal approach to bring down the amount of traffic congestion and thus pollution. Alternatively, other measures, such as improving public infrastructures and a toll system, would offer more promising future to tackle the ever-increasing problem.

2) Major cities in the world are facing the problem of pollution and traffic, and it seems to get worst each day. I do not agree if raising the fuel price would reduce the problem, and I believe that there are other alternative ways to solve the matter. Firstly by increasing petrol price, it would trigger the inflation rate. It means that when the price of fuel rise, all the other cost will also increased. It will impact most on the low economy residents, since the price of their prime consumption goods will increase. Another point is that it doesn‟t solve the traffic and pollution problem, most of the transportation owner will still used their vehicle for daily routines since most of the car owners are the middle and high income people. The increment of the fuel price will not affect their expenditure budget. There are some solutions that the government should consider rather than increasing the petroleum price. First of all, they should provide safer and cleaner public transportation mode, therefore people will be more attracted to use them for their daily activities. Some cities are successful with this mass transportation system, such as the city of London and Singapore. Another good solution would be, to urge the citizens to use a non motor vehicle such as bicycle which would reduce the air pollutions. For this solution, the government should build some special lane for bike riders. Cities like Amsterdam and Beijing has used this solution for sometimes. To conclude, there are other effective and efficient ways to solve the traffic and pollution problems, rather than raising the cost of fuel and many metropolitan cities has been successful with that programs.

In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations. Some advice: - Write 4 paragraphs: introduction, problems, solutions, conclusion. - You don't need to separate ideas about individuals and ideas about society. Just mention something about both in your paragraphs. Some ideas: Problems - an increase in the number of retired people who will receive a pension - a smaller proportion of young adults = smaller working populations - a greater tax burden on working adults - demand for healthcare will rise - young adults will have to look after elderly relatives Solutions - people may have to retire later; the state pension age will rise - medical advances and health programmes might allow elderly people to stay healthy and work for longer - people should be encouraged to have more children - governments could encourage immigration (in order to increase the number of younger adults)

1) The gradual increase of old population in developed countries is really alarming. This will lead to a variety of negative impacts on their people and society that measures need to be introduced immediately to tackle this problem. In our modern society, many developed countries are dealing with burdens from their ageing populations. More people age, more working population decreases. It is clearly to see that the proportion between young adults and retired people is declining considerably. Therefore, governments must spend more budgets for pension whereas young adults must spend much more time and money in order to look after their old relatives. Furthermore, the demand for medical services of this population increases which may affect to the budgets for other age groups.

Many solutions should be taken to solve these problems. In developed countries, governments, with the help of excellent medical systems, can rise the retired ages so they still both have their contribution with many precious experiences and take the big burden on the pension budget away. Besides, young adults should be encouraged to give more births to create a younger population. The governments should loosen the immigration policies to attract many more young adults population. These measures are hoped to provide a younger population for the society to keep balance with the ageing population. In conclusion, the augmentation of average life expectancy in developed countries is creating some problems. The governments should have immediate and appropriate measures to increase the younger population in order to keep balance for the society. (252 words) 2) There is an increase in lifespan in many modern countries. This may pose some problems in a society. However, to address them some practice should be taken as will now be explained in this essay. The main problems that the extended lifespan would be caused is increasing the tax burden on a society. It is more likely that governments should put aside more expenditures to pay retired people‟s pensions as they are very likely to live longer than people living in other countries. In this case, governments should levy greater taxes on working people to compensate those expenses, inclusing health care which older people receive. In addition, young people should spend more time on looking after ageing population. However, there are some solutions may be put forward in order to mitigate this situation. Firstly, the authorities can raise the age of retirement, as today many countries have done, the UK for example. Some might argue that as people become older, they display less effectiveness, as they are prone to more diseases, but I think today thanks to medical advances, people can stay healthy and work longer even at ages above 60. Secondly, since today we see a drop in the birth rate, people should be encouraged to give more birth to already ensure there will be the young people enough to replace the older population in the future. Finally, immigration would be the last resort if all other solutions didn‟t meet the needs of a society or governments require to revive their markets with younger workers. In conclusion, although the increased life expectancy in developed countries leads to some problems, there are still ways to tackle them and steer the economy. Topic of capital punishment. Remember that you won't be able to write a good essay unless you have good ideas. Also, you should always try to prepare both sides of the argument. Arguments for capital punishment:      

Supporters say that capital punishment deters crime. Fear of the death penalty stops people from committing offences. The death penalty shows that crime is not tolerated. It is a form of revenge. The cost of imprisonment is avoided. The offender cannot pose a threat to others.

Arguments against capital punishment:      

Innocent people could be wrongly convicted and executed. Crime rates are not necessarily reduced. Many criminals do not think they will be caught. Capital punishment is not a good deterrent. Executing prisoners creates a violent culture and encourages revenge. We have no right to take another human life.

SSS If the question asks you to explain a problem related to the environment, you could write about global warming. Here is a paragraph explaining the problem (causes) of global warming: Perhaps the most serious problem facing the environment is global warming. Gases such as carbon dioxide trap heat from the sun within the earth‟s atmosphere, and this causes global temperatures to rise. This process is known as the greenhouse effect, and human activity is a major factor in the rise of the greenhouse gases which cause it. For example, factories and vehicles produce emissions and exhaust fumes. As many developing countries are becoming industrialised, emissions from factories are expected to increase. Furthermore, the number of cars on our streets is growing all the time, and cheap air travel is making flying accessible to more and more people. Consequently, the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere shows no signs of decreasing. You can learn a lot from this paragraph if you analyse it: 1. How many sentences are there? What does each sentence do? (e.g. The first sentence introduces the topic) 2. Can you find some "band 7 vocabulary"? 3. Look at how the ideas are linked. Can you see that the word "this" is an important linking word?

The range and quality of food that we can buy has changed because of technological and scientific advances. Some people regard this change as an improvement, while others believe that it is harmful. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Positives of advances in food technology:      

Farmers can produce crops that grow bigger and faster. Genetically modified crops may be more resistant to disease or insects. This could be important for food production in developing countries. Faster growing cereals, fruit and vegetables will mean more profit. Foods can be modified to look perfect and last longer. They may be more attractive to customers.

Negatives of advances in food technology:      

Many people distrust foods that have been modified or processed. They prefer organic foods which are produced without chemicals. Farming without fertilisers or pesticides is more environmentally friendly. There may be risks involved in the genetic engineering of foods. Genetically modified crops might change whole ecosystems. Food chains could be broken if crops are resistant to predators.

Should arts-related entertainment venues such as museums and art galleries be free of charge for the general public, or should a charge apply for admittance? Some people claim that public places like the museums and art galleries should be free of any entrance fee. In my opinion, I would oppose a fee for such venues because of the educational purposes and entertainment qualities that are involved.

On the one hand, museums and art galleries are expensive to maintain in terms of workers' salaries, expenditures, furniture and fittings and the like. They are providing and building storage cabinets to house the exhibitions for public to view and all these cost money. Secondly, funds are needed to secure extraordinary items for display and they are expensive to be included as assets. Even renting some items involves money and entrance collections are important. For example, to exhibit the Egyptian Pharaoh collection will cause millions of dollars in insurance, transportation costs, securities costs and much more. Collections from admittance fees will be able to offset or perhaps making profits to showcase future exhibitions. On the other hand, charging a fee for public venue or event might have a low participant of guests and as a result, the whole exhibit or display may be cancelled or stagnant. Families, on weekend outings, face the impossible task of paying expensive admission fees to have fun and entertainment values. Often people are charged for exhibits or events that are deemed to be ordinary or not worthy for the price they paid. This happens when the organisers are subjected to make profits instead of giving an outstanding performance show. In conclusion, public venues and events are to be free of admission fees. This gesture will definitely be applaud by the public and generate much more interest in charity, appreciation and values.

One very complex issue in today’s world is the funding of museums and art galleries. While there is an argument that they should be free to the general public and funded by governments, I also believe that there is also a case for saying that they should charge an entrance fee like other attractions. Those who argue that museums should be free typically make one of two arguments. The first argument is that institutions like museums are a public service and therefore there should be free access to the man in the street. If for example there was a charge only the wealthy could afford to enjoy works of art. The second, and related, argument is that if they did levy a charge fewer people would go to museums. This would be serious as they are educational institutions and standards would fall. In contrast, there is only one major argument on the other side of the debate. This is that both museums and art galleries need to charge an entrance fee if they are to survive in the modern world. Governments do not have sufficient funds to subsidise all such institutions and there are other priorities for public money. Therefore these galleries and museums need to charge their customers not only to survive but to update their exhibitions and make new purchases. By way of illustration, the Tate Modern in London could not have been founded without revenue from admissions. My personal position is that there is no clear answer to this question as there are such strong arguments on both sides. Perhaps it is possible for some museums and galleries to charge fees and for others not to. It will depend on the situation of the individual museum or gallery.

SSS All high school students should be encouraged to take part in community service programmes. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? People hold different views about whether or not students should participate in community service programmes. Though taking part in such activities has been criticized, I still agree that students' involvement in serving their community can be a good idea. There are several reasons why students' engagement in community services can be seen as a worrying development. A major fear is that it could remove focus from their education and bring them some sort of distraction. Another concern is that it could negatively affect employment opportunities by moving tasks from paid job to voluntary work. Despite the above critics, I think that encouraging students to do unpaid work to their community could bear several advantages. The main benefit is that it helps the young people to build their sense of personal responsibility toward their communities, and to learn how to play constructive roles in their societies. Doing activities such as

cleaning public parks or roadsides, assisting the local fire or police service, and helping the elderly in nursing homes will teach the youth to make efforts in order to serve the common good by improving the life for all citizens. In addition, students can also learn to identify and address issues of public concern All in all, despite the fears that could be raised about students' inclusion in community programmes, it seems that such kind of acts brings overwhelming advantages both to the individual himself and to his/her community.

The money given to help poor countries does not solve the problem of poverty, so rich countries should give other types of help instead. To what extent do you agree or disagree? My students and I planned a 4-paragraph essay: 1. Introduction: introduce the topic of helping poor countries, and agree that giving money is not the best way to help. 2. Paragraph explaining why giving money is a bad idea. 3. Paragraph explaining why other types of help are better. 4. Conclusion: repeat the argument (investing is better than giving). We discussed some ideas and wrote paragraph 2 together: In my opinion, it is a bad idea to simply give financial aid to governments of poor countries. If rich countries do this, there is a risk that the money will not go to the people who need it most. Governments may misuse the money they are given because they do not have the resources or the know-how to tackle the causes of poverty. In some cases, corrupt politicians have become rich while their citizens continue to suffer. For these reasons, it is important for developed countries to find ways to invest in developing nations, instead of just donating money. how it is as an introduction? The discussion about whether or not rich countries should give other types of help instead just providing money is a very controversial one. There are people on both sides of the argument who have very strong feelings. Here is my essay based on your advice: It is undeniable that the donation of finance for the poor nations does not an effective solution for the poverty. In order to tackle this phenomenon, there is one suggestion that the wealthy countries should offer the other assistance. In my opinion, this viewpoint needs to be examined thoroughly. This essay will discuss this issue to establish my position. First and foremost, there are obvious benefits if money can contribute suitably to poor countries. As evidence of this, governments could spend money on improving and expanding their agriculture systems. As a result, the quantity of foods has been increased more which can fulfill the demand of all people and the poverty will be repulsed. In addition, the charity funds can help children receive a better educational system which give them chances to earn more living in the future. On the other hand, there are also some drawbacks of such approach that need to be taken into consideration. One of the most common criticisms is that money can cause the increase in corruption in officials. As a consequence, there are a little fund invested in the right purposes and the last one flow into official pockets. To solve these problems, the rich countries should invest directly in agriculture or manufacturing in poor nations which can help people have stable jobs as well as nutriments. Furthermore, they should transfer the plants which high quantity and good quality together with technology supporting to the poor. These all things can solve troubles roof and branch.

In a nutshell, I am convinced that giving money to poor countries is not the good solution to solve poverty. The development of agriculture and manufactures is the background to create a long-lasting life in the future. In today modern world the gap between rich and poor nations is increasing day by day. There are many generous nations who really want to make difference in the life of an ordinary man of the poor nation. They donate money to help them but i think giving money is not the right solution to the problem. In my opinion, it is a bad idea to simply give financial aid to the authorities of poor nations. If the modern countries do this, there is a high risk aid may not be use for the benefit of a common man. The aid may go in hand of corrupt government and they have become more richer. In some cases, the executives misuse this aid because they do not have the resources to estimate the budget of a project. For these reasons, it is important that developed nations should find ways to invest money in these countries, instead of just donating money. There are a number of fields where the money can be invested. For example, opening new schools, collages and universities and giving scholarships to brilliant students. By providing good education opportunities, a great difference can be seen. Another way of helping them is by opening new plants and projects in these areas so that more job are available. Furthermore, the World Bank and IMF should overdraw their debts. In the end, in my opinion investing is better than donation because it may enable them to become more independent and move forward.

In our modern world which is becoming smaller, countries are interacting with each other in unprecedented way. Poverty in one country can affect the way of life in another country. The aid money given to many poor countries around the world has not worked, poverty is not alleviated. What is wrong, there must be something which is to be given but not yet givenThe phenomenal failure of aid money given by the west to the poor countries around the world is not hitting the target. The commonest cause of poverty in the poor countries is lack of people driven approach to the governance and to the economics. In many of these countries there is no social contract theory of governance. Governments are imposed either by their own gun or by the wheel of the west. they are not the government of the people , from the people , by the people no body listens to the policies of the government nor the policy of the government recognizes the wheel of the people. So economic stand still-whatever aid come to the country ends up in the pocket of political elite class of the regime- that is a dead end. The debt will be paid by the next generation-what a shame ! Indeed, poor countries need aid but the aid must be an idea which motivates or put into action the natural resource of poor nations . Aiding them in planning , education, exchange of experience and above all siding with the people and preparing the ground for genuine law and order. Justice must be dispense it with free and fair election. There must be a law conducive for investment not slanting one side. Countries will develop through investment channeled with the rule of the law. In conclusion, countries need each other . the poor man and the rich man need each other to convert capital into manufactured products by consumption of labor. this is a moral way of development. No donor fatigue or dependency syndrome, every body for himself and the devil text the hind most. The skies are limit if the equation like this. It is certainly true that the problem of poverty remain unsolved if poor countries are being provided with money.In my opinion rich countries should definitely help poor countries in other ways. Providing financial aid is not the best way to help poor nations as billion of dollars of aid often goes into corrupt government or insufficient administration.And corrupt administration think about their own benefits instead of helping their people.So,because of following reasons developed countries should think of other ways to hep poor. Firstly ,opening up the barriers for trade to sell goods in those markets in which poor countries are competitive could be a

better option.Along with this,remove subsidies so that imported goods from poor countries could compete fairly. Secondly,Foreign aid projects are more suitable.for instance building huge dams and investing in buildings like schools and hospitals which involves local people would help them in earning their livelihood and these buildings are primary tools through which new generation fostered and developed. thirdly,forgiving huge debts or old payments would be a much better option instead of giving them money. so examining the real needs of poor people and investing rather than giving is much more beneficial for them.

SSS Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree? I did a lesson about this question with my students. Here are our ideas: 1. Introduction: We decided to completely disagree with the question statement. You don't need to explain both sides of the argument. Just give your opinion in the introduction, then support it in the main body paragraphs. 2. Paragraph 2: One reason why we decided to disagree is that it would not be practical or realistic to have exactly the same number of males and females on every course. Some courses have mainly male applicants, while others are more popular with females. 3. Paragraph 3: Another reason we disagreed is that it would not be fair to base admission to courses on gender. Universities should select candidates based on their qualifications, skills, experience etc. 4. Conclusion: Repeat the idea that selecting according to gender is not the best way to ensure equal opportunities for men and women at university. I'll put a full example essay on the site next week. You are welcome to share your own ideas, but I'm afraid I can't give feedback, scores or corrections. Universities should accept equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree? In my opinion, men and women should have the same educational opportunities. However, I do not agree with the idea of accepting equal proportions of each gender in every university subject. Having the same number of men and women on all degree courses is simply unrealistic. Student numbers on any course depend on the applications that the institution receives. If a university decided to fill courses with equal numbers of males and females, it would need enough applicants of each gender. In reality, many courses are more popular with one gender than the other, and it would not be practical to aim for equal proportions. For example, nursing courses tend to attract more female applicants, and it would be difficult to fill these courses if fifty per cent of the places needed to go to males. Apart from the practical concerns expressed above, I also believe that it would be unfair to base admission to university courses on gender. Universities should continue to select the best candidates for each course according to their qualifications. In this way, both men and women have the same opportunities, and applicants know that they will be successful if they work hard to achieve good grades at school. If a female student is the best candidate for a place on a course, it would be wrong to reject her in favour of a male student with lower grades or fewer qualifications. In conclusion, the selection of university students should be based on merit, and it would be both impractical and unfair to change to a selection procedure based on gender. (265 words, band 9)

In this modern world, streaming of genders is essential for university studies , if authorities are looking for a high standard of education. The implication of this idea is un-welcoming and having many drawbacks, so I strongly do not go with it. In today‟s modern world, university education is an indicator of a direction the countries moving. Because of that the policy of entrance to universities must be very clear. Competitiveness and the ability to learn what you want to learn must be the single most factor underpinning the admission criteria . the idea of equal genders in each subject of higher education is absurd and retrogressive- it will not take science and technology to the next higher level. Because of the fact that both genders do have their own preferences in terms on what they want to learn. In higher education success depends on a matter of right choice , the student must know his or her natural bent . they must be helped in making the right choice on their way to university . the family , the high school teacher and the student including the exam results must put together for the student to take the right choice so that he performed better at leisure. Many students who might not succeed in the universities are not because of lack of mental capacity , mostly of poor choice. Gender is not an issue , talent and the right is the issue so balancing gender in universities subjects is unproductive . It is extremely important to know that it is impossible to enroll equal number of males and females students in each subject . male and female students do have their preferential areas of study trying to influence the choice of the student to balance a number, would put some boys or girls in the subject which they do not have an affiliation for. When there is no affiliation and interest -there is no energy to learn. One must be enthusiastic about the subject to learn. Their comes effort to bear a fruit . a graduate of a given subject who in not fervor about his subject is unlikely to be employable. To conclude , the idea of balancing the number of students by gender in universities endangers the basic principle of competitiveness and the choice. This compromises the standards of the universities and makes them less relevant in the rat-race competition global education. The fact is every person has his own pace in terms of higher education and motivation in studying in universities. As far as higher education is concerned It is illogical to discriminate men from women or vice versa. The reason is that higher education studies are likely depending on brain preferences and skills of the individual man or woman which is extremely different than vocational studies such as car mechanics, study to be a plumber or carpenter. Streaming genders is possible to be considered in the latter mentioned studies because some of these studies ought to go with men such as plumber and vice versa . Therefore, every person should be selected according to his bent when applies to higher education . Moreover, I decided to disagree because it would not be practical or realistic to have exactly the same number of males and females on every course. Some courses have mainly male applicants, while others are more popular with females. if we try to allocate one gender in a particular subject, we might end up by a few individuals who are not in favour of the subject . so when there is no affiliation and interest -there is no energy to learn of that is we might lose . take the discovery of uranium that was discovered by madam koori . this discovery has a huge effect on science and medicine. If madam koori did not give the chance to go to study on university , this material might not be discovered. Therefore it is important to give chance to enrol in universities. the skills of both genders are our assets in long term. It is not logical to prioritize men to women or follow fixed enrolment pattern when applying to universities because we may create A PROBLEM which is likely lose of the talented students.

SSS It is right that university graduates should earn more money than less well educated people, but they should pay the full cost of their education. To what extent do you agree or disagree? My students and I planned a 4-paragraph essay:

1) Introduction: introduce the topic and respond to both parts of the question. We decided to agree that graduates deserve good salaries, but we disagree with the idea that they should pay the full cost of their degree courses. 2) Paragraph explaining why graduates should earn good salaries: they have invested time and effort into gaining their qualifications; they have knowledge, skills and training required for important jobs; they are an asset to society. 3) Paragraph explaining why graduates should not have to pay the full cost of education: this will be too expensive and will deter many young people from going to university; students will have huge debts; graduates contribute by paying taxes when they work. 4) Conclusion: repeat the two main ideas.

1) Without any doubt, employees holding university degree deserve higher salaries compared the other people with lower education levels. It does not seem to be fair to request the complete costs of the university education from individuals who tend to attend universities. It is obvious that a university degree requires intensive effort and study at least for (for at least?) four years. In addition to that, students cannot have the opportunity to work in full time jobs and earn enough money to meet their basic needs during their university studies. On the other hand, graduates have various valuable skills and knowledge regarding their professions. Education enables them to approach professionally and adapt rapidly to the technical problems regardless having real work experience. Taking all the above mentioned points into consideration, there is no doubt that educated people should be paid with higher salaries than the others. On the other hand, well-educated individuals provide valuable and infrequent workforce which is crucial for numerous sectors. Education has also positive effects on society’s life in terms of social and politic aspects. Furthermore, statistics demonstrate that people with high education levels also play a significant role in the scientific achievements compared to the ones without university degree. Eventually, it is clear that well educated workers are valuable for both companies and the society. Therefore the authorities should promote university education by supporting the students in economic ways rather than billing the complete costs to the young people who have tendency to receive university education. In conclusion, people should keep in mind that education is a significant investment for the prosperity of every nation. I am of the opinion that education costs are being exceedingly paid by the educated workers in long terms and governments should keep supporting young students during their studies in order to establish a well-educated nation.

2) In today's world, students work extensively to obtain excellent marks and be enrolled in one of the well known universities in their hometown. One might say that this puts tremendous amount of pressure to those aiming to be on the top-notched school in order for them to get a better paying job than those people who are less educated. However, I do not agree that students who came from high standard university institutions are required to spend more money on their education. There are lots of things why graduates deserve good salaries due to the fact that they invested significant time and effort into gaining their qualifications. Some even have spent most of their leisure time to studying instead of going out with there friends to play sports every weekend. In addition, they even value so much of their time and money to projects and researches which puts humongous stress on themselves. Furthermore, newly graduates have adequate knowledge, skills and training needed for their employment, which in turn not only an asset to company but also to society. On the other hand, some may say that it is brutal if we let the students to pay the full cost of education that could lead to reduction of student applicants in a university because they cannot afford and sustain the expenses to finish the courses. This problem also causes to place students in a great deal of debt by resorting to student loan.

In summary, I personally agree that by giving something in return for those graduates who achieved excellent grades, is indeed, deserve to earn higher amount of money than those who do not. Nevertheless, educational institutions should at least lower the tuition fee cost for those student who strive hard by giving scholarship rather than pressing another pressure on financial aspect of student's life. 3) It is certainly true that college graduates earn significant more salary than lower educated people in society. Although I accept that graduates earn far more than other. However, I disagree with the idea that they pay whole fees to finish their education degree. Firstly, higher qualified people are assets of our society. The time they spent to gain education and skilled eventually beneficial for community. It is not abnormal for graduates to event new technology which provides advance features to access information such as latest I phone, and computer technology in this way their skills and education helps to built future of nation. Moreover, this new technology especially in health discovered by graduates provides assistance for sick people. Brain scanner for instance provides accurate result of patents problems within a few second it not possible in early life. As a result, graduate deserve some subsidies fees instead of pay full amount. Secondly, obtain graduate degree is symbol of their scarification, individuals spent enormous time and sometime they give up their earlier job to get graduate degree. They spend their huge amount of time to reading and finishing assignment instead of part time work. In addition, higher qualification is expansive today therefore individual cannot afford to pay full amount of their education fee without earning. Hence, it is clear that individuals‟ graduates need some financial help to finish their education. In conclusion, it is certain that well educated people receive more money than other people. However their education symbol of their hard work and helps society in many ways, therefore I think that they not require paying full fees of education.

IELTS Writing Task 2: 'nuclear power' topic Following on from yesterday's listening lesson, here is a paragraph explaining some of the benefits of nuclear power: There are several benefits to building more nuclear power stations. Firstly, nuclear power is a relatively sustainable energy source, meaning that it can be used to produce electricity without wasting limited natural resources like coal, oil or gas. Secondly, nuclear power stations are cleaner than fossil fuel power stations, and could help to reduce carbon emissions that cause global warming. With improvements in nuclear technology, the risks of accidents are being reduced. As a result, many countries are now considering nuclear power as a solution to high oil and gas prices, increasing demand for electricity, and worries about pollution and climate change. Read, analyse and use the paragraph:   

How many sentences are there, and what does each sentence do? Note the main ideas and collocations (e.g. sustainable energy source). Try to rewrite the paragraph using only your notes.

Many people decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it. This, they argue, leads to a more satisfying working life. To what extent do you agree with this view? What other things can people do in order to have a satisfying working life?

Here are some points to notice:     

There is a clear 4-paragraph structure, and the essay is easy to read because the ideas are developed in a logical way. The introduction is short, but it covers everything that the question asks you about. The main paragraphs make up around 70% of the essay. These paragraphs are the key to a high score. The conclusion is very short, and simply summarises what I had already written. Never put any new ideas in the conclusion. I focus on expressing my ideas well, using a range of relevant words and phrases. I'm not thinking about 'complex grammar' or linking phrases.

Note: I went a bit "over the top" with this essay. It's 310 words long, and more than good enough for band 9. It is true that some people know from an early age what career they want to pursue, and they are happy to spend the rest of their lives in the same profession. While I accept that this may suit many people, I believe that others enjoy changing careers or seeking job satisfaction in different ways. On the one hand, having a defined career path can certainly lead to a satisfying working life. Many people decide as young children what they want to do as adults, and it gives them a great sense of satisfaction to work towards their goals and gradually achieve them. For example, many children dream of becoming doctors, but to realise this ambition they need to gain the relevant qualifications and undertake years of training. In my experience, very few people who have qualified as doctors choose to change career because they find their work so rewarding, and because they have invested so much time and effort to reach their goal. On the other hand, people find happiness in their working lives in different ways. Firstly, not everyone dreams of doing a particular job, and it can be equally rewarding to try a variety of professions; starting out on a completely new career path can be a reinvigorating experience. Secondly, some people see their jobs as simply a means of earning money, and they are happy if their salary is high enough to allow them to enjoy life outside work. Finally, job satisfaction is often the result of working conditions, rather than the career itself. For example, a positive working atmosphere, enthusiastic colleagues, and an inspirational boss can make working life much more satisfying, regardless of the profession. In conclusion, it can certainly be satisfying to pursue a particular career for the whole of one’s life, but this is by no means the only route to fulfillment. (310 words

Several people have asked me about the following question from Cambridge IELTS book 4.

Compare the advantages and disadvantages of three of the following as media for communicating information. State which you consider to be the most effective.      

comics books radio television film theatre

Usually I recommend writing 4 paragraphs, but for this question I think I would write 5 paragraphs: 1. Introduction: state which 3 media you are going to write about (e.g. books, radio, TV), and say which you think is most effective (e.g. television). 2. Advantages and disadvantages of books. 3. Advantages and disadvantages of radio.

4. Advantages and disadvantages of TV (mention again that you consider this the most effective). 5. Conclusion: summarise and repeat your opinion. Introduction There are various benefits and drawbacks of books, radio and television as ways to convey information. In my view, television is definitely the most effective of these three media.

Here are my 'main body' paragraphs for last week's question. Notice that it's possible to put advantages and disadvantages together in the same paragraph. Also, you need to be careful not to write too much! Advantages / disadvantages of books: The main advantage of books is that they are usually considered to be reliable sources of information. People tend to refer to books when they want to research a subject in depth, and for this reason they continue to play an important role in education. On the other hand, books quickly go out of date, and therefore they are not the best medium for communicating news stories. Advantages / disadvantages of radio: Radio is a much more effective medium than books for the communication of up-to-date information. We can listen to news broadcasts about events as they happen, and a key benefit of radio is that we can listen to it while doing other activities, such as driving or working. The main drawback of radio, when compared to books or television, is that there is no visual element; we cannot see what the broadcaster is describing. Advantages / disadvantages of TV, and my opinion: In my opinion, television is the most effective of these three media because it brings us closer to reality than a book or radio programme ever can. For example, we can watch events as they take place on the other side of the world, or we can see the body language of a politician who is being interviewed. The disadvantages of television are that programmes tend to be short and interrupted by advertisements, meaning that information is presented in limited depth. Conclusion In conclusion, although books, radio and television each have their advantages and disadvantages, it seems to me that the impact of television is greater.

These days people pay more attention to artists (writers, painters and so on) and give less importance to science and technology. To what extent do you agree or disagree? This seems to me to be a perfect question for a "balanced opinion" answer (i.e. both art and science are given equal importance). However, notice that you need to disagree with the question statement in order to give this balanced response. Here's my recommended 4-paragraph essay plan: 1. Introduction: we could accept that artists are popular nowadays, but disagree that science and technology are treated as less important. 2. Main paragraph about the popularity of artists. I'd use examples as the basis for this paragraph. If you don't know any writers or painters, you can talk about actors and musicians. 3. Main paragraph about the importance of science and technology. I'd write about the popularity of mobile phones, computers and tablets. Maybe I'd use Steve Jobs or Bill Gates as examples of people who are famous for the technologies they created. 4. Conclusion: paraphrase the argument that you presented in the introduction.

SSS Differences between countries become less evident each year. Nowadays, all over the world people share the same fashions, advertising, brands, eating habits and TV channels. Do the disadvantages of this trend outweigh the advantages? Here's my outline for a 4-paragraph essay: Introduction It is true that many aspects of culture are becoming increasingly similar throughout the world. Although this trend has some benefits, I would argue that there are more drawbacks. First sentence of paragraph 2 On the one hand, the globalisation of fashion, brands, eating habits and other areas of culture has some benefits. (Explain the benefits) First sentence of paragraph 3 On the other hand, I believe that the disadvantages of cultural globalisation are even more significant. (Explain the disadvantages) Conclusion In conclusion, it seems to me that the drawbacks of globalisation, in terms of cultural habits such as the clothes we wear or the foods we eat, do outweigh the benefits. Some ideas for advantages: We get the best aspects of different cultures e.g. the best food, brands, products are sold all over the world. Also, our understanding of other people and cultures increases. Disadvantages: Sometimes we get the worst aspects of certain cultures e.g. fast/junk food. Also, traditional customs, clothing etc might disappear due to the influence of foreign cultures. 1) Each nation has its own culture and traditions that are unique to it and to its people. It distinguishes itself from other nations, creating a strong bond among its people. Because of the common knowledge and understanding, peace and harmony exist. Nowadays, the distinctiveness in each country is becoming less apparent as time passes by. Starting in the year 1950s, much has changed and developed in a lot of countries. More and more advanced modern science and technologies were created beyond our wildest imagination. Globalization has opened the doors of many countries in the hope of providing prosperity to their people. Aside from unrestricted exchange of goods among the countries, they also share information, culture, services and technologies. Globalization creates an unparalleled impact to the world – both positive and negative. Connections between nations offer a lot of advantages in the world. Because of the shared customs and traditions, people from different nations learn their differences. Knowledge creates interests, which in turn encourages resembling new lifestyles from other countries. A Filipino teenager, who idolizes the well-known actress and singer Paris Hilton, copies the way she dresses and does things. This has a ripple effect to other teenagers and adults who admire what they observed in the teenager. Thus, fashion, choice of brands, way of life, and among others are passed on and so,the identity of one‟s culture changes rapidly. People with fewer differences entail less misunderstanding. In wars were it is common, government leaders will understand each other more, and will finally create a common goal after discussing issues concerning their countries. World peace ensues. On the other hand, some people are against on the existence of globalization. This is mainly due to the fact that we cannot easily distinguish one country from another because of commonalities in lifestyles and habits. Some people

do not agree on copying another country when it comes to culture and traditions. They fear that globalization has greatly affected the entire environment after creating more infrastructures and businesses. As a denouement, there is no harm on people and their harmony if cultures and traditions are shared as long as people will cooperate and unify so that peace will be gradually attained in the future. If people want to uphold their own nationality, they can maintain their own cultural identity so that future generations will not put it into oblivion. 2) It is true that many aspects of culture are becoming increasingly similar throughout the world. Although, this trend has some benefits, I would argue that there are more drawbacks. On the one hand, the globalization of fashions, advertising, brands, eating habits and TV channels brings several advantages. An obvious benefit is that there is a wide range of choices of products open to people including the latest fashion trends or the global brand products such as IBM computers and Nokia mobile phones. A further positive aspect of this trend is people can enjoy more types of delicious cuisines around the world. The increase in the understanding among nations is the third argument in favour of this phenomenon. As a result, there is a possibility of no more culture shocks for immigrants and dispute between the states. On the other hand, despite these above mentioned advantages, this trend has its own downside. Due to the interesting advertisements or chains of elegant restaurants, fast food and junk food are more popular, leading to many health problems, especially in children. In addition, the world’s top brands of clothes have made up a large share of market, so people seemingly wear alike. Finally, the most common criticism of this trend is the fading of culture identity. While a huge number of people enjoy the Western entertainment including films, music and game shows, they also start imitating the Western lifestyle to some extent. In conclusion, it seems to me that the drawbacks of globalization, in terms of cultural habits such as the clothes we wear and the foods we eat, outweigh the benefits.

As I've said before, you can't get a high score for IELTS writing task 2 if you don't have good ideas about the question topic. Here are some ideas from my ebook about the following question:

Some people believe that the salaries paid to professional sportspeople are too high, while others argue that sports salaries are fair. Discuss both views and give your opinion. View 1: sports salaries are too high     

Sports professionals earn too much money. They do not provide a vital service. Football players earn enormous salaries by simply kicking a ball. We could all live happily without professional football. We should value professionals such as nurses and teachers more highly.

View 2: sports salaries are fair     

It is fair that the best sportspeople earn a lot of money. Sport is a multi-million-pound industry. There is a large audience of sports fans who are willing to pay. Televised games or events attract many viewers. Being a top sportsperson requires hours of practice.

2) In today‟s modern world where a sport is an integral part of every society, talking about the incredibly high amount of salary paid to them should come as no surprise. If they can benefit a nation in one way or another, why should not be highly rewarded. At the same time, it cannot be denied that because of this, those who are paid low salary despite playing crucial roles in a country‟s development, are discouraged. The fact is that professional sportspeople bring recognition to a country. This leads to raise in job opportunities which not only simply enhances employment, but also facilitates building of infrastructures in a country. A place

that is popular because of a sport like football attracts visitors and fans of this play and boosts tourism industry, which is a main source of income in addition to accelerating building of roads or telecommunication services. It is extremely important that other vital sectors‟ experts are rewarded more than sportsmen and women since their active participation in a country development is exceptionally vital. Given that, the role of experts of sectors such as health and education is incredibly essential in a society. The efforts of a doctor who serve day and night and rescuing lives of thousands of people, or a teacher, who directly impacts development of a country , cannot be compared to that of the footballer who only kick a ball. From what has been discussed, the high payment to sport stars can be simply justified for the role they play in financial growth of a country, but it can cost reduction in productivity of other key experts. In my opinion, equally payment to the exceptionally well-done job can guarantee the harmonious development of a society.

2) In this modern world, sports can be as meaningful as a career for someone who is excellent in playing nationally or internationally. There are controversial debates between people- one group of people believe that the salaries paid to sportsmen or women are fair and reasonable while others believe that salaries of these professionals are too high. In this essay I will examine both sides and my opinion. It can not be denied the contribution of athletes to society financially, globally and leisurely. Take Rooney who is a football player in Manchester United team as an example model in terms of finance. Although he has become a Millionaire due to his substantial salary since his performance in the team attracts a wide range of people from different countries .people may travel from abroad to Manchester in the UK at old Trafford stadium to see this athlete . This lead to flourishing tourist industry because of the proceeds that have been generated by hotels restaurants and amusements. However, others believe that the roles of people in careers other than sports are more significant and vital than athletes because some of these careers have a positive impact on health, education and economy. For example, no body can deny our reliance to the people who work in health sectors-thousands of lives are saved hourly by doctors and paramedics. It is illogical to award sportsmen and ignore scientists. Although I am against the high salaries to athletes, I think there is no logical reason to be considered to minimize the huge salaries given to athletes because these athletes are supported by big companies who generate huge amount of money by these athletes. To conclude, athletes who earn high salaries play an important role in improving the image of their countries. Nevertheless, scientists „contribution to society are more beneficial than athletes.

SSS Some people believe that it is wrong to keep animals in zoos, while others think that zoos are both entertaining and ecologically important. Discuss both views. Here are some (band 7 or higher) vocabulary ideas. I've organised the vocabulary according to different perspectives. Positives of keeping animals in zoos: 1. Environmental perspective: Zoos play an important role in wildlife conservation. They help to protect endangered species. They allow scientists to study animal behaviour. 2. Economic perspective: Zoos employ large numbers of people. They provide job opportunities and income for the local area. The money raised can be used for conservation projects.

3. Personal perspective: Zoos are interesting, educational and fun. They make a great day out for families. Children learn to appreciate wildlife and nature. Negatives of zoos: 1. Environmental perspective: Zoos are artificial environments. Animals lose their instinct to hunt for food. It would be better to save endangered species by protecting their natural habitats. 2. Moral perspective: Keeping animals in cages is unethical. We have no right to use animals for entertainment. Zoos exhibit animals with the aim of making a profit. Thinking about topics from different perspectives is a useful technique. It helps you to generate a variety of interesting ideas. I used this technique when thinking of ideas for my ebook, and I encourage my students to use it when planning their essays.

I'm going to write a paragraph about gun control. I'll start with some vocabulary ideas, then I'll make them into full sentences. Ideas: why should the ownership of guns be limited/controlled? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Topic sentence to introduce the idea of gun control risk of accidents, danger to children more violent crimes, criminals will use guns, police will need guns higher suicide rates guns create violent societies

Here's my paragraph using the ideas above. I've divided the paragraph into separate sentences so that you can see what I have done more clearly. 1. In many countries, gun ownership is strictly controlled. 2. Supporters of this policy point out the risk of accidents with guns, especially when children can gain access to them. 3. They also argue that the number of violent crimes increases when guns are available, and that police are forced to use guns to combat armed criminals. 4. Furthermore, suicide rates have been shown to rise in places where guns are legal. 5. All in all, gun control advocates believe that guns create violent societies with high murder rates. Of course, in the IELTS exam you would probably have to explain the opposite view: the arguments in favour of gun ownership.

SSS Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? To a certain extent I agree that the role of schools is to turn our children into productive members of society. However I also believe that education process has a positive influence on us as individuals and I will try to give some reasons for this in my essay below. Traditionally, people have classed education as being the time spent at school and studying subjects that allow certain abilities to grow and flourish, such as reading, writing and research skills. These abilities are crucial in terms of preparing

younger generations for adulthood. Many education institutions put more of an emphasis on problem-solving and independent thinking to better prepare our children for future employment. These measures help us turn future generations into good workers who will contribute to the welfare of the general public. Inevitably, all the aspects mentioned above benefit our children as through the process of learning they often develop stronger self-confidence and also show greater educational and personal success. In addition, teachers act not only as a tool in the process of learning, but also as a role models which consequently has a significantly positive influence on our pupils. Teachers encourage children to perform, praise them and also teach that our failures are supposed to make us try hareder; this motivates children to become better individuals.Since children spend most of their time at school, it is apparent that they gain positive experiences and benefit from the time spent there, To conclude,it seems that schools are doing a good job turning our children into productive citizens and valuable individuals, and that children do benefit personally from the time spent there.

As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual well-being. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers? The following paragraph answers the second part of the question (How realistic..) It is difficult to imagine a world in which everyone is truly satisfied with their job. Most people work in order to earn a salary, and they would probably not choose to spend eight or more hours each day doing their jobs if they did not need the money. The need to earn money to pay mortgages, bills and everyday living costs is of much greater concern than job satisfaction. In fact, I would argue that the majority of people dislike their jobs and are unhappy about their salaries, working hours, workloads, or their bosses. (95 words)

Example Essay for the IELTS Academic Task 2 Writing Capital punishment is the killing of a criminal for a crime that he has committed. Previously most countries employed this method of punishment but nowadays it is much less widely used. I personally do not believe that societies today should use capital punishment and I also believe that there are alternative punishments that can be used. My main argument against capital punishment is that I believe we do not have the right to kill another human being regardless of the crime. I don't believe in the old religious maxim of "an eye for an eye." Modern societies shouldn't turn to such barbaric punishments. Another argument against capital punishment is that people can be wrongly convicted and executed. If a man is in prison, he can be released if later proved not guilty. If he is dead, there is nothing that can be done. In the UK, a group of supposed terrorists were convicted of murder in Birmingham in the 1970s. They were proved innocent about 15 years later and released. If they had been executed, innocent people would have died. There are alternative punishments available. For bad crimes prison life sentences can be given with criminals imprisoned for the rest of their lives. Also a lot of horrific crimes are committed by people who are mentally sick. These people are not responsible for their actions and can be kept safely and permanently in secure hospitals. Yes, this costs a lot more but I believe it is the duty of society to do this. There are arguments for capital punishment. Many people feel its threat stops serious crime and that criminals deserve nothing less. It's cheaper and keeps the prisons manageable. I can understand this point of view but I cannot agree with it. So, in conclusion, I don't believe in capital punishment, as there are less barbaric alternatives available. We can avoid horrific mistakes and make modern society a humane one.

Some people believe that robots will play an important role in future societies, while others argue that robots might have negative effects on society. Discuss both views and give your opinion. In the last fifty years, there are a lot of technology invention especially in the cybernetics. The robot has the positive effects for reducing the cost of company and has the negative effects for the human role. This essay will giving information about the roles of robot from the company side and the labour side. The advantage is the robot gives positive effects to increase the income of company. Even though, the company has to invest a lot of money for buying an expensive robot and for maintaining the robot, the company will get a high profit since the robot could produce the goods in short time rather than the skilled labours. Furthermore, the robot also has an effective working hour. The robot could be operated for 24 hours per day. Comparing with the skilled labours, they could be working only for 8-12 hours per day. The disadvantage of the robot will play an important role in the future is increasing the number of unemployees in the world. Many company will be laying off their workers for long terms and the final results are poverty, drug abuse and many social community problems. All the social community problems can breed crime in inner cities. So, we do not feel safety anymore while walking alone in the city center. In my conclusion, it is a good opinion if we can use robot for the effective and efficient time. However, as a good citizen, we have to think about the increasing number of unemployee problems by providing more working field in different industry and acknowledging in advanced skill. the essay: With the industrial revolution, many technologies have been invented. These technologies have a major impact in the human life style. Robots have positive effects for companies and individuals as well as negative effects for human role. From one side, robots have many advantages for both companies and persons. First, the benefits for companies are using robots in the work allow the companies to increase their profits. The reason of that is robots can perform the manual jobs faster than human such as packing. Moreover, robots are operated 24 hours per a day so this will raise the productivity of the companies. Second, the benefit for the individuals is creating extra time for the employees to spend it doing what they want or spend it with their families. From the other side, the disadvantages of becoming more dependent on robots will play a vital role in the human life. First, people will lose their basic skills such as cooking. Second, there will be less human interactions. Third, people will become lazier and this may cause serious health problems such as obesity. In addition, the number of unemployed people will increase because people will be replaced by machines. For example, today the self-service checkouts in supermarkets are used instead of human. The increase of the number of jobless people will lead to many social community problems such as poverty, crimes and drug abuse. To sum up, some claim that it is good to have robots in the industries for the effective and efficient time. However, the others refuse it because it‟s negative impacts. In my opinion, the uses of robots have proved their efficiency in the work but by providing more working field we will overcome the unemployment problem. 287 words.

Some people think schools should group pupils according to their academic ability, but others believe pupils with different abilities should be educated together. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Here are some "band 7" (or higher) ideas from my ebook: For grouping by ability:

   

Teachers can work at the right speed for their students. Teachers can plan more suitable lessons. High-level groups may progress faster. Lower level groups can benefit from a slower pace.

Against grouping by ability:    

Grouping by ability may have a negative impact on students. Children do not want to be seen as less intelligent than others. Being in a lower level group could damage their self esteem. Mixed ability classes encourage children of all abilities to cooperate.

Road safety could be the topic of a "problem/solution" essay: Despite improvements in vehicle technology, there are still large numbers of road accidents. Explain some of the causes of these accidents, and suggest some measures that could be taken to address the problem. Causes:   

Driving while tired or drunk is extremely dangerous. Mobile phones can be a dangerous distraction for drivers. They draw the driver’s attention away from the road.

Solutions:    

The use of phones while driving has been banned in many countries. Punishments are becoming stricter. Television campaigns are used to remind people to drive safely. Speed cameras have become more common.

Traffic congestion is becoming a huge problem for many major cities. Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce traffic in big cities. Nowadays, it is obvious that the congestion in nearly all over the world is on the increase and cities are becoming busier. In my opinion, this problem must be tackled because it is a global issue and most of people, especially who live in big cities, are suffering from that. One of the main reasons which causes the traffic jam is that the majority of people prefer using their own cars instead of public transportation. However, it is not impossible to find good and effective ways to control the congestion. Public transportation is the easiest way to solve this trouble. If there are comfortable and cheap public transportations such as trains and buses, they will make people like to use them better than drive. For instance, in Manchester, Stagecoach buses are the most convenient buses that help the city to have comfortable life in its roads and streets during rush hours. In fact, governments should provide much better public transportation and charge prices that are affordable for everyone. Another solution to solve that is to charge the congestion fee for every car that will go into a city centre. It will either discourage people from driving into that area, or raise more money for public transportation. A good example of this situation is London, which now has a congestion charge. Going to the city centre in London costs about £8 per day.

In conclusion, the problem of traffic congestion can be tackled by improving public transportation and by charging drivers who enter city centres. (255 words) Score 7 – Dobre fraze!!!!!!

In order to solve traffic problems, governments should tax private car owners heavily and use the money to improve public transportation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of such a solution? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. Traffic congestion in many cities around the world is severe. One possible solution to this problem is to impose heavy taxes on car drivers and use this money to make public transport better. This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such a measure. One of the first benefits of such a measure is that the heavy taxes would discourage car owners from using their cars because it would become very expensive to drive. This would mean that they would begin to make use of public transport instead, thus reducing traffic problems and pollution as well. Another benefit would be that much more use would be made of public transport if it was improved. It is often the case that public transport in cities is very poor. For example, we often see old buses and trains that people would rather not use. High taxes would generate enough money to make the necessary changes. Nevertheless, there are drawbacks to such a solution. First and foremost, this would be a heavy burden on the car drivers. At present, taxes are already high for a lot of people, and so further taxes would only mean less money at the end of the month for most people who may have no choice but to drive every day. In addition, this type of tax would likely be set at a fixed amount. This would mean that it would hit those with less money harder, whilst the rich could likely afford it. It is therefore not a fair tax. To conclude, this solution is worth considering to improve the current situation, but there are advantages and disadvantages of introducing such a policy. (277 words View a model answer for this question

Explain some of the ways in which humans are damaging the environment. What can governments do to address these problems? What can individual people do? Humans are responsible for a variety of environmental problems, but we can also take steps to reduce the damage that we are causing to the planet. This essay will discuss environmental problems and the measures that governments and individuals can take to address these problems. Two of the biggest threats to the environment are air pollution and waste. Gas emissions from factories and exhaust fumes from vehicles lead to global warming, which may have a devastating effect on the planet in the future. As the human population increases, we are also producing ever greater quantities of waste, which contaminates the earth and pollutes rivers and oceans. Governments could certainly make more effort to reduce air pollution. They could introduce laws to limit emissions from factories or to force companies to use renewable energy from solar, wind or water power. They could also impose „green taxes‟ on drivers and airline companies. In this way, people would be encouraged to use public transport and to take fewer flights abroad, therefore reducing emissions. Individuals should also take responsibility for the impact they have on the environment. They can take public transport rather than driving, choose products with less packaging, and recycle as much as possible. Most

supermarkets now provide reusable bags for shoppers as well as „banks‟ for recycling glass, plastic and paper in their car parks. By reusing and recycling, we can help to reduce waste. In conclusion, both national governments and individuals must play their part in looking after the environment. Note: This essay is exactly 250 words long. I've tried to make it as simple as possible, but it's still good enough to get a band 9.

IELTS Essay, topic: Events bringing people together Popular events like the Football World Cup and other international sporting occasions are essential ineasing international tension and releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way.

Every four years, the whole world stops to watch international sporting events such as the Olympics and the Football World Cup in which athletes show their best performance to make their country proud. These sporting occasions have proved to be helpful in easing international tension in difficult times when powerful leaders were trying to control the world‟s economy and other governments were fighting over the land. The Olympic Games are one of the best examples which prove how sporting events can bring nations together, at least temporarily. From the ancient History, when Greeks and Romans would interrupt battles to participate in the games, to the more recent international disputes, when athletes from Palestine and Israel would forget their differences, compete peacefully and even embrace each other after an event. Moreover, these popular events have called the world‟s attention to the terrible consequences of wars; thus some leaders have tried to reach agreements to end their disputes and live peacefully. Similarly, international sporting events show benefits in some developing countries which live in a daily internal civil war. For example, Brazil has a high rate of unemployment, lack of education, hunger, crime, poverty and corruption which leads to an immense embarrassment of being Brazilian and a low self-esteem. However, when the Football World Cup starts, the Brazilian squad, which is considered the best team in the world, provokes an amazing feeling of pride in their country. Most people seem to forget all their problems and even the criminal activity decreases. They paint roads with the national colors, wear the Brazilian team shirts and buy national flags. Moreover, the competition brings families and neighbors together and even rival gangs watch the games and celebrate peacefully. In conclusion, popular sporting events play an important role in decreasing international tensions and liberating patriotic feelings as history has shown. This is a great essay, the ideas, language, structure of paragraphs and sentences, and your grammar show a good command of the English language. In my opinion it is Band 8. Keep up the good work.

IELTS Essay, topic: Rich countries should help the poor Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. Today‟s world has been divided into developing and industrialized countries which the main difference between them is the amount of money that governments apply in important sectors such as education, health and commerce. Most of the poorer nations are buried in debts as a result of their unbalanced finances where are reflected in a poor health care, an unstructured education system and a weak international trade. This vicious cycle will continue indefinitely unless wealthier nations show interest in minimizing the worldwide economic differences, as well as taking more responsibility for assisting less fortunate countries.

Most of the African countries live in inhuman conditions because of the extreme poverty, upheaval, hunger, disease, unemployment, lack of education and both inexperienced and corrupt administrations. The devastating consequences of the AIDS epidemic in those countries could improve if the infected population were to receive free drugs to control the disease, have access to health professionals and get information on how to prevent its spread. But this can only be achieved through international help programs in which leaders of the world‟s richest countries donate medicine and also send doctors and nurses to treat and educate those in need. Moreover, most of the poor countries rely on selling agricultural products and raw materials to rich nations and buying industrialized products from them which results in a huge financial deficit. Consequently, they borrow a significant amount of money from the World Bank to try to improve their broken economies, but sometimes the money disappears with no significant changes and they cannot even pay the interest to the bank. Regarding this issue, last year the G8, which is comprised of leaders of the eight richest nations, decided to forgive billions of dollars worth of debt owed by the world‟s poorest nations. In addition, they developed adequate loan programs to financially assist those countries. In conclusion, leaders of the industrialized countries play an indispensable role in assisting developing nations in dealing with essential areas such as health, education and trade. Also, their aid is the key to breaking the vicious cycle, which results in poverty and death. This is a great essay, seems to be on a Band 8 level, there’s nothing to improve here.

IELTS Essay, topic: Computers replacing teachers I - As computers are being used more and more in education, there will be soon no role for teachers in the classroom. There have been immense advances in technology in most aspects of people‟s lives, especially in the field of education. Nowadays, an increasing number of students rely on computers for research and to produce a perfect paper for school purposes. Others have decided to leave the original way of learning and to get knowledge through online schools. These changes in the learning process have brought a special concern regarding the possible decrease of importance of teachers in the classroom. Some people believe the role of teachers started to fade because computers have been helping some students to progress in their studies quicker compared to studies in an original classroom. For example, in the same classroom, students have different intellectual capacities, thus some would be tied to a slow advance in their studies because of others‟ incapability of understanding. In this way, pupils could progress in their acquisition of knowledge at their own pace using computers instead of learning from teachers. However, the presence of a teacher is essential for students because the human contact influences them in positive ways. Firstly, students realize that they are not dealing with a machine but with a human being who deserves attention and respect. They also learn the importance of studying in a group and respect for other students, which helps them improve their social skills. Moreover, teachers are required in the learning process because they acknowledge some students‟ deficiencies and help them to solve their problems by repeating the same explanation, giving extra exercises or even suggesting a private tutor. Hence, students can have a better chance of avoiding a failure in a subject. In conclusion, the role for teachers in the learning process is still very important and it will continue to be such in the future because no machine can replace the human interaction and its consequences. This is a great essay. Seems worthy of Band 8. No improvements are necessary, keep up the good work!

II - As computers are being used more and more in education, there will be soon no role for teachers in the classroom. There is no doubt that education and the learning process has changed since the introduction of computers: The search for information has become easier and amusing, and connectivity has expedited the data availability. Though experts systems have made computers more intelligent, they have not yet become a substitute of the human interaction in the learning process. In my opinion what can be expected is a change of the teachers‟ role, but not their disappearance from the classroom. Nobody can argue that the acquisition of knowledge is more fun and easier with computers. The mere activity of touching and exploring this device constitutes an enjoyable task for a child. This, accompanied by the relaxing attitude and software interactivity, usually contributes to a better grasping of new knowledge. At a higher educational level the availability of digital books, simulators and other academic materials provide the student with an ever accessible source of information, that otherwise would not be at hand. But, besides the increasing complexity and behavior of intelligent software, which is usually embedded in the academic digital material, the need for human interaction in the learning process will always be present, at least in the foreseeable future. There is the necessity for a human being to be able to determine what the specifics needs of each individual are. The expertise of a teacher in how to explain and adapt complex concepts to different individuals can hardly be mimicked by a computer, no matter how sophisticated its software is. As computers are becoming a common tool for teaching, teachers should be more aware of their role as guides in the acquisition of knowledge rather than transmitters of facts. They have to be open minded to the changes that are taking places, keep updated and serve as problem solvers in the learning process, thus allowing students to discover the facts for themselves. To summarize, in my personal view, teachers play and will continue to play an important role in the classroom, especially at the primary level. No matter how complex computers become, there will be no replacement for the human interaction, but in the way haw this interaction takes place. This is an excellent essay! Are you a native English speaker? Well done. The only problem is that this essay is too long, 365 words instead of 250-265 maximum.

IELTS Essay, topic: Financial education Financial education should be a mandatory component of the school program. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? It is an obvious fact that financial aspects are a major part of the daily life, as an adult and even as a young individual. Each and every one of us has to make financial decisions concerning recreation, health, education and more. The question is whether to start with financial education as part of school program or to postpone it for a later stage in life. To begin with, being able to understand the value of money, the way the economic system works and to interpret financial news and its implications is a virtue. Without this virtue, an individual, even a young one, might suffer to some extent. For example, a child who doesn‟t understand the concept of money might find it more difficult to accept choosing only one present out of more possible ones. In addition, many adults are lacking capability of financial analysis. Quite often, the reason can be the lack of sound foundations or insecurity when it comes to financial terms and concepts. Starting from an early age, building a strong background, can very likely prevent such situation.

However, financial education necessarily involves quantifying and setting prices and value for services and goods. It can easily turn young people into cynical human beings who lack emotion. Furthermore, a tendency to selfconcentration and egoism might rise when one starts measuring everything from a profit-making perspective. In conclusion, financial education has both pros and cons. In my opinion, the advantages are more significant than the disadvantages, making financial education an advisable component of the school program. The disadvantages should be thought of as a certain price that young people have to pay due to the characteristics of the world that we live in. This is a wonderful essay. It covers the task, is correctly structured, the paragraphs are logically connected, the structure of sentences shows excellent command of the English language. The vocabulary is fine and both spelling and grammar are very good. See comments underlined in blue for some minor corrections. Overall, looks like a Band 7.5 – Band 8 essay.

IELTS essay, topic: the development of technology causes traditional skills to die out, agree or disagree? When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Nowadays, technological advances and their rapid and wide applications are having a significant impact on a nation‟s traditional skills and ways of life. Some argue that such impact is so extraordinary that it would make conventional skills and life style obsolete. However, I believe they would continue to thrive by providing alternatives to modern ways of life, and innovative ideas for modern technologies. First of all, traditional skills and ways of life are becoming an alternative solution to the problems caused by “mainstream” ways of life which are greatly influenced by modern technologies. For instance, a cozy restaurant where traditional, home-brewed beer is served, offers another experience to people who are bored with branded beers that have the same flavor and come out of mass production with new technologies. It is in such a venue where traditional skills are preserved, people become relaxed and educated. Providing diversity and thus enriching modern ways of life, such traditional skills and ways of life would continue to have their place. Furthermore, conventional skills provide innovative ideas to the development of modern technologies. For example, sparkled by how the word “Love” is traditionally knitted into a sweater by some ethnic minority women in some parts of Asia, some business managers from textile industry have developed some production lines by applying the traditional skills to Computer-Aided Designs (CAD). The products have boosted the companies‟ sales which in turn have increased their investment in preserving traditional skills for further developing their technologies. To conclude, traditional skills and life style are increasingly becoming a useful alternative to the homogeneity brought by global applications of modern technologies. However, the evolution of technologies is a selection process, whereby some would become obsolete, but there is no doubt that some would thrive when their roles are appreciated. This is a good essay. The requirements of the task statement are covered, the arguments make sense and are presented in a coherent, easy to follow way, the range of vocabulary is wide enough and the writer shows fluency and flexibility. There are only a few errors (mouse over the words underlined in blue shows suggested corrections). Overall this looks like an IELTS Band 8 essay.

Some people think that it is important to use leisure time for activities that improve the mind, such as reading and doing word puzzles. Other people feel that it is important to rest the mind during leisure time. Discuss two views and give your opinion. Nowadays, with busy lifestyles, there is little time for people to entertain themselves. Therefore, selecting what to do in one’s spare time is fairly important. Some suggest that it is better to do activities that boost the mind like reading and solving word puzzles, whereas, in contrast, others want to relax their brain completely in their leisure time. I will discuss both points of view. First of all, doing mental activities is beneficial. When we read or play puzzles, our brain still works at a lower capacity in comparison with its normal status. It means that the mind in leisure and working time is not significantly different. Hence, we can retain our ability to work under pressure despite the fact that we are free for quite a while. Nevertheless, a great number of people long for and need their brain to relax thoroughly. In weekdays, they spend eight hours per day working and the pressure of their job makes them exhausted. They are bored with mental activities as their brains are stimulated continuously in their job so they need to do something which is very different. In conclusion, I think that one way is not better than the other way. Each one is appropriate for various circumstances. For instance, if I have an enormous workload in office hours, I will likely choose the second way to spend my leisure time. On the other hand, providing that I am not too uptight in my job, I may challenge my friends to play a puzzle or find a peaceful place to read some books.

In some countries young people have little leisure time and are under a lot of pressure to work hard in their studies. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience As we know, the higher the standard of life is getting, the harder people try to work in order to catch up it. Presently, the young now have little spare time and mostly focus on studying as well as working. There is a myriad of reasons to explain this inclination and follows by a wide range of solutions to them. To begin with, some claim that if they study assiduously, they will earn much more money in the future. So they can help their parents, the unlucky and especially provide their children with perfect lives in the future. This answer is generally given by average or poor people, inasmuch as they are aware of their shortages and try to make up what they have not had before. Perhaps the best way to deal with this problem is that people should balance time to study effectively. In addition, parents are also another factor contribute to this trend. They force their kids to study, which they consider the best for their children. A number of solutions have been put on the table, but I think the best one is that adult should ask for what the young wants, instead of pushing them. If they are interested in something, they will be diligent. Last but not least, some others misunderstand success; they believe it is to be affluent and illustrious. They sacrifice their leisure time for working hard on their studies, try to fulfill their targets. Matters would much better if they think in other ways, spend time on exploring world. They should not waste the most beautiful time of their life, and regret it later. Time wait no man. In a nutshell, everything has its remedies, so does this issue. From my perspective, people should weigh up their thoughts in order to give out efficient solutions.

latest Writing task 2 (an essay):- solved Some people think that humans can use animals in any way for their own benefit. Others, however, believe that people should not use animals in the wrong way. Discuss both this views and give your opinion. Brain storming

it is proved that animals are our friends………………………… interact socially and emotionally -hence , keeping an animal for commercial and personal ………………………..propose many benefits -drawbacks are little but concerning . Body 1 Animals Helping People in Many Different Ways. - for example, ………… pets for therapy………….. dogs, cats, horses, or other animals, pets can be beneficial to our health both via animal-assisted therapy schemes -Animals help pollinate plants. - fertilize plants. For example ; animal walks by, the pollen spores catch onto their fur………………… animal travels, some spores fall of, hopefully to reach another plant either near or far from the original plant. Body 2 Animals produce and serve as food for humans -for example; in Canada …………….beef as main food ………………is attained cows, bulls, heifers or steers. Animals can be beneficial in controlling harmful animals and plants - for example ;Snakes keep down rodent and insect populations that can carry diseases harmful to humans. Body 3 It is true that ,,,,,,, - cruelty against farmed animals &exploitation ….major concern. -killing animals for scientific researches…………… humans do not have the right to use animals. hunting for fun should be banned - walking in the forest and shooting living things. -detaining animals and taming for personal income Conclusion -To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that ……… - both advantages and disadvantages. -keep them happy.

Writing task 2 (an essay) Animals are used by humans for profit in many ways. However, some people don’t agree with this use of animals. Discuss both views and express your own opinion Intro Man and animal dominancy . -in some ways , these dumb creatures are source of earning ……………………….. However, a lobby of people argue that animals should not be misused. This will essay will discuss some arguments for and against………………………….. Body 1( ways to use animals for profit ) To begin with, animals are domesticated for commercial purposes . -for example ; In india cow is tamed to ……….plough…………; dairy products from milk, and flesh Secondly, source of entertainment and earning too. - in circus, …………….dogs, cats , horses………….trained ……………performance ……………collect treasure with their exploitation

Body 2 Additionally, personal security .. Some species of dog such as ………………………………………………… Other than this, practice of killing animals for their fur or other body simply to use for cosmetic reasons. For example; elephants are hunted and killed for the ivory contained in their tusks Body 3 There is a certain lobby of people who consider these benefits as a negative approach. The reasons are; -endangering the animal species -misbalancing the eco system …………………….for example ; animal cycle Conclusion To put it in nutshell, I believe that physical advantages with involving them in ............................. , but killing them for a various benefits is deleterious.

SSS Marriages are bigger and more expensive nowadays than in the past. Why is this the case? Is it a positive or negative development? To plan an essay for this topic, consider the following questions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Would you call this an 'opinion' essay or a 'discussion' essay? For a 4-paragraph essay, what would each paragraph be about? What 2 things do you need to do in the introduction? Do you have any ideas to explain why weddings are bigger/expensive? Should you choose 'positive' or 'negative', or can you discuss both?

1) I'd call it an opinion essay. It asks why YOU think weddings are bigger and more expensive, and whether YOU think this is positive or negative. 2) 4 paragraphs: - Introduction - Reasons why marriages are bigger and more expensive - Your opinion about whether it is positive or negative - Conclusion 3) Introduction: topic + response You could paraphrase the question to introduce the topic, then give a basic answer to the questions (response). 4) People want a special, memorable day. Weddings have become status symbols - people want to show off. Nowadays it is easier to pay for a wedding using a loan or credit card. We are also influenced by the media - we see pictures of famous people's weddings and we want to copy them. 5) You can do whatever you want. You don't have to discuss both. Just make your opinion clear, then support it.

Some ideas from the ebook about the benefits of mobile phones:   

The mobile phone is the most popular gadget in today‟s world. We can stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are. Users can send text messages, surf the Internet, take photos and listen to music.

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Mobiles have also become fashion accessories. Mobile phones have revolutionised the way we communicate.

By linking these ideas (and adding a few things) I can write a paragraph: The mobile phone has become the most popular gadget in today‟s world. The reason for this is that it is portable and versatile. Mobile phones are now carried at all times by most people, allowing us to stay in touch with family, friends and colleagues wherever we are. Furthermore, they now have many more functions than a standard telephone; mobile phone users can send text messages, surf the Internet, take photos and listen to music, as well as making calls. Mobiles have become fashion accessories, and they have revolutionised the way we communicate. (93 words)

SSS Online shopping is increasing dramatically. How could this trend affect our environment and the kinds of jobs required? My advice is to plan your essay with a 4-paragraph structure: 1. Introduction: topic + response (2 sentences are enough) Introduce the topic of 'online shopping becoming more popular'. Then write that it will have a significant impact on the environment and on jobs. 2. Paragraph about the environment Write about simple ideas e.g. people will drive less, so there will be less pollution, less destruction from the building of new roads, but perhaps more packaging. 3. Paragraph about jobs Simple ideas e.g. many shop workers will lose their jobs, unemployment may rise, but there will be more skilled jobs in IT (computer programmers, web designers). 4. Conclusion: repeat your response Overall opinion: online shopping may have a negative effect on employment, but it might be a good thing for the environment.

SSS Many people say that we now live in 'consumer societies' where money and possessions are given too much importance. Others believe that consumer culture has played a vital role in improving our lives. Discuss both views and give your opinion. General ideas: a consumer society, materialistic, earn money, make money, make a profit, success, material possessions, connect wealth with happiness, status symbols, the power of advertising. Positives of consumerism: employment, income, salaries, products that we need, reduce poverty, better standard of living, quality of life, creativity and innovation, trade between countries. Negatives:

create waste, use natural resources, damage to the environment, throw-away culture, people become greedy, selfish, money does not make us happy, loss of traditional values.

Some people believe that there should be fixed punishments for each type of crime. Others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Here is my suggested essay outline: 1. Introduction: topic + response People have different views about whether punishments for crimes should be fixed. Although there are some advantages of fixed punishments, I believe that it is better to judge each crime individually. 2. Benefits of fixed punishments There are some good arguments for having one set punishment for each crime. IDEAS: easy, fair justice system; everyone is aware of the punishment for each crime; fixed punishments could deter criminals. 3. Benefits of not having fixed punishments However, I would argue that the circumstances of a crime and the criminal‟s motivation should have an influence on the punishment. IDEAS: judge can decide the best response; a more humane system; example: stealing to feed a family compared to stealing for profit. 4. Conclusion: repeat your response In conclusion, despite the advantages of fixed punishments, it seems to me that each crime should be judged taking both the circumstances and motivation into account.

The government should Investment in public transportation to against pollution. Do the advantages of this policy can outweigh its disadvantages? Write at least 250 words. solution:The policy to increase spending on public transportation to reduce air pollution has been common in many cities in developed countries. Besides, a number of governments in developing countries are beginning to put more attentions into this solution as it can help them to deal with the same problem more efficiently. I believe that it is because the policy has been agreed by the majority in every where. Low fare of metro or bus may attract more people using this kind of public service. Especially, students and low-income citizens seem to be influenced heavily by economic measure. Moreover, comfortable buses or trains and convenient routes are able to please variety types of people when they allow them to get rid of terrible weather conditions or difficulties on

raising petrol cost. As representing for a great proportion of the population, they help to solve the air pollution when they leave their individual motorbikes at home. Consequently, less individual vehicles means less green gases released. Well-invested buses and trains with less gas emission is another factor that guarantee for the success of the policy as it is environmentally friendly. In Scandinavia's nations, spending for the study of and using hydro buses on their roads are convincing evidences for the commitment of their governments to protect the environment. Moreover, the increasing on using public transportation creates a possibility to solve traffic jams which in general are the main cause of air pollution in almost big cities nowadays. There is no doubt that spending national budget for public transportation is an overwhelming policy that more governments need to think about. It is because this investment benefits not only the environment but also the infrastructure in those cities.

In some countries children have very strict rules of behavior, in other countries they are allowed to do almost anything they like. To what extent should children have to follow rules? Intro -Freedom plays a pivotal role in everybody’s life. -freedom in modern worls -some people think that……………………………… - I disagree with…… Body 1 It is reality that …………………. -more restrictions can cause more frustration in children,……………………………………………….. -behave like a stubborn - under pressure…………………………..cause poor performance - sometimes try to do illegal acts Body 2 In other words If ignored………………………can’t be good humans never draw attention upon the children’s main activities……………………………………..bad companies -value of respect for their elders -importance of relationships -cultural values as well. Conclusion In a nutshell, I would like to say that….. -customs, rituals and respect towards their elders for their future life, -good human beings in future.

Some people think that scientific work on plants and food is good while others deny its usefulness. Discuss both sides of the argument, give your own opinion and examples . Intro

-People have been altering the genomes of plants and ingredients of food for many years using traditional and scientific techniques -some people think ……………..advantages, while others consider it is……………………….disadvantageous In this essay I will discuss both side of the argument for and against the researches on plants and food. Body 1(researches on plants ) First of all , Agricultural plants are one of the most frequently cited examples of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) - genetic engineering…………………….. increased crop yields - reduced costs for food or drug production………………….. reduced need for pesticides - enhanced nutrient composition and food quality - mature faster and tolerate aluminum, boron, salt, drought, frost, and other environmental stressors For example ; Soybean………………….. Glyphosate herbicide…………………… form of the plant enzyme 5……………… isolated from the soil bacterium Body 2 (researches on food) When it comes to human health benefits…….food and its standard is mandatory. Thus , scientific methods have …………………methods of preservation -for example ; radiation processing of food……………….. highly effective and causes minimal changes in food - process is safe to workers and eco-friendly -organic food…………………….food under test………certified…………… - Foods that have more than one ingredient, such as breakfast cereal Body 3 (others deny its usefulness) -loosing the conventional food and plants -effecting soil and its enriches ………………………harming the notional food and plants Conclusion -scientific researches has both pros and cons. I believe………………………pros are more than cons. -balanced and observed researches

Some people think that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences. Others, however, believe there are better alternative ways of reducing crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. Intro Crime is a serious and growing problem in most societies. -thus, many people believe that……………………………….criminals behind the bars While others conclude other measures Body 1 There are benefits of giving offenders longer prison sentences - rehabilitate a prisoner For example, ……………………………..committed assault…………………………re-educated ……………………….. In addition to this,……………………………… longer prison sentences will act as a deterrent Body 2 However, some people argue that………………………….

-will mix with other criminals ……………………………………………..character will not improve. -One alternative is community service………………………………………….may improve their character. -Also, the government ……………………………………………………………………..focus its resources on the causes of crime Body 3 In my opinion, -important to look at alternative methods - lengthy prison sentences………………………………………………….still not completely effective. -That said, long prison sentences should remain for those ………………………………………………………….such as assault or murder, as justice for the victim and their family should take priority Conclusion -there are good arguments for and against long sentences, -rime reduction to ensure effective policies are in place.

Some say that children should spend more time working on school projects from an early age, others believe that young children should spend more time playing and have less stress at school. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Use examples from your experience. Intro Childhood is the golden period to learn……………………………………….., and school teaches all………………………. That’s why some of the observers think that …………………………………………………………………….. However, there is another lobby that suggests that…………………………………………………………. In my view both opinions has its advantages. Body 1 (benefits of working on school projects from an early age) As a matter of fact, children who participate in these programs tend to be more successful in later school, - competent socially and emotionally. - intellectual and physical development during early childhood - Higher intelligence scores Improved social and emotional behavior - Increased earning potential and economic self-sufficiency as an adult Body 2 (benefits of young children should spend more time playing and have less stress at school) - Mental development needs physical activities……….- limit for brain development according to scientist -for example ; when children are playing house, fighting imaginary dragons or organizing a game of hopscotch, they're actually developing crucial life skills -Play is integral to the academic environment………………….enhance children’s learning readiness, learning behaviors, and problem-solving skills Conclusion In overall analysis, I assert that ……… -advantages can stay longer if children co operate ………………………….. Similarly ,parents and school should…………………………..

Private cars now are banned from the city centres. Does this have more advantages than disadvantages for individuals and businesses? What is your opinion?

Intro Cars are one of the most popular transportation in the world. In cities overreliance of cars has ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, - However, it has a lot of disadvantages………………. - Because of that, I think people should use other means of transport instead of private cars. Body 1 (advantages) There are some advantages of banning cars in cities. firstly- traffic jam is a ubiquitous problem, which has been reduced ……………………………… secondly- reduced the stagnant investment on enhancement of roads and highways system, thirdly-deaths caused by road accidents for example; 1103 - Motor Vehicle Accidents--Number and Deaths in india body 2 likewise; - less exhaust emission……………less air pollution Green house effect controlled -taxation -people using more public transport………….revenues added to government treasure Body 3 Howvere; -the only disadvantage - freedom of travelling that matter. - public vehicles have to travel on schedules, and it caters to a lot of people, Conclusion To put it in a nutshell , I pen down this saying ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, More advantages than disadvantages -government and both citizens are happy…

Saving money is a good habit for an individual after retirement. Do you agree or disagree? Intro I tend to agree that ……… in old age , money has………………………………………. In my views , there are several advantages…………………………………………… Body 1 can help provide you with a comfortable retirement in your 60s. -Financial Discipline: -helps to start differentiating between what you need and what you want. -tendency of Safety net -don't have to worry about any problems Body 2 unbelievable freedom to do what you want to do,

-where you want to be in life, Social Security may be found around forever. -live on a relatively meager fixed income. Body 3 Protection from disaster. In old age . you don’t know when your car is going to break down, whether your roof will be caved in by a falling tree on a windy day, or even if you or a child is going to need medical care that insurance doesn’t cover. -prepared when these kinds of unforeseen circumstances arise. Conclusion To put it in a nutshell, I say that… reap the benefits for a long time to come. -When you get your paycheck, you naturally desire to take care of your wants and needs.

Some people say that school studies are not useful and most important things are learnt outside the school. Do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion and examples. The Initial education is meant by school and………………….. In fact, a child learns ………………………… However, it doesn’t mean he/she should stay away from social contacts which……… I disagree ……. Body 1 -Attaining a school is extremely valuable for various reasons character—the kind of people they become For example; building positive, productive citizens. -livelihood……… earn oneself a job For example; high school diploma is crucial in that it represents the qualifications and skills acquired by the student. Body 2 Like wise - . teaches legends and heroes, people we look up to For example; role plays and mono acts competitions in school - preserves the cultural identity - social behavior , law and implementation Body 3 Might be social contacts teaches too. -a child needs guidance to judge right from wrong. -parents play a part Conclusion -school can teach more good than social environment. -one term ; school is …………………….community for child ……………external and internal knowledge ……………with experience.

Some people think that radio has become out-of-date, and there is no need to listen to the radio for entertainment and news. Do you agree or disagree? Brain storming Intro In the past, radio was considered the most………………. However, with the emergence of other media such as the TV and the internet, some individuals opine that…………….. In my opinion, such pessimism does not hold any water. Body 1 One of the main reasons…………….. -Radio is a regular piece of equipment installed in a car,……… -gaining the latest information, such as news, weather forecast, share markets -Increased car use gives radio Body 2 Secondly, for those people who have no time to watch TV……. -immediate and easy access to information -highly affordable -free to the public, unlike the TV on which one has to pay for the channels of choice -the radio is portable -where people cannot watch TV, read newspapers or surf the net…… Body 3 The newer technologies are also responsible for the popularity of radio. -For example, people can get radio via satellite, the internet and cable nowadays. -only disadvantage of the radio is that it is unable to convey messages with sight and motion -However, the radio is still able to serve the needs of audiences as it always did. Conclusion To put it in a nutshell, I pen down saying that…… advantages that give it an edge over other media -will continue to hold its important place

Some people think that technological progress has affected their lives. To what extent do agree or disagree with the statement? Intro Technology is a boundless horizon consisting of myriad fields, from the environmental conditions to the governance issue, affecting millions across the globe. Therefore it follows logically that, technological…….. Body 1 Considering the high degree of the impact of technology on our society. For example; person begins rising to the sound of an alarm,……………

Earlier rises the sound of bird or animal cries………………………….. ultra-modern amenities of bathing and cleaning to the refreshing breakfast body 2 in addition The day begins with the aid of most modern equipment……………….. For example ; travel, work related and entertainment amenities, The evening, ironically marks the illumination of society by…………….. Body 3 However, a day in the life of a common man, may also be affected by bombings,…………………….. The social issues like…………..sociological aspects due to modern warfare or the launch of a new phase in global relations In conclusion At last , the question that remains to be answered………… -sustainability and flourishing of modern society.

Advertising influences people to buy thing such as clothes and shoes. What are the problems caused by advertising? What solutions can be offered? Intro In modern days, advertisement is source to communicate……………………… Most of the people are associated with its publishing whether it is commercial or personal. However, in my opinion there are several problems if advertisement states false…. So individual should stand up to resolve these problems which should consist longevity. Body 1 ( commercial problems caused by advertisement ) - Each day, we are bombarded by advertisements from companies persuading us to buy their products and services on television, - encouraging harmful monopolies -for example ; companies embark on advertising campaigns, they…………. - effect of limiting competition - consumers become less price sensitive - enabling companies to raise prices and extract abnormal profits. Body 2 (personal problems caused by advertisement) - encourage harmful behaviors and establish unrealistic social standards, - for example ; teens are overexposed to ads endorsing harmful products of drugs and alcohol. - concise summary of the most important elements relating to product - unable to offer direct, absolute proof, taking into account the psychology Body 3 (Solution) - Banning advertising to children - Protecting public space------“visual pollution” - Taxes on advertising - Restrict new forms of advertising

in conclusion -it is medium to show and publish -government should keep eye and regular check to maintain the consumerism

benefits of advertising Advertising has several benefits. Firstly, advertising is a key part of modern business and help to contribute to the economy of a country. For example, it provides opportunities for employment and there are many other industries, such as movie and tourism, which are closely associated with the development of advertising. Secondly, companies need to tell customers about their products and advertisements inform us about the choices we have. Without advertising we would have less choice and therefore can not make a comparison between products of different qualities to reach a decision. Finally, some advertisements are considered as a form of modern art and many people enjoy adverts.

Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Brain storming :Agree:- high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising 1. advertisements can provide a competition situation for companies to produce goods with high quality which is lead to encouraging people to buy these goods and increase the customer satisfactory 2. advertisement is a sophisticated method that benefits both the customer and the seller 3. As an example various products like the lays and uncle chips though a very small product and not really needed in our society does makes high sale in the market as a result of there popular advertisement. Other point:- not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. 1. some goods being advertised and does comes in real use in our society such as refrigerators and washing machines etc 2. People are exposed by tones of selling information from TV shows, the Internet and flyers on the streets. 3. But if compared and calculated the number of goods which are not the real needs of society out numbered that of the goods really needed. Vocabulary Sale:auction, barter, business, buying, clearance, closeout, commerce, consuming, deal, demand, disposal, dumping, enterprise, marketing, negotiation, purchase, purchasing, reduction, selling, trade, transaction, unloading, vending, vendition Popular accepted, approved, attractive, beloved, caught on, celebrated, crowd-pleasing, faddish, famous, fashionable, favored, in, in demand, in favor, in the mainstream, in vogue, leading consumer:Definition: person who buys merchandise, services Synonyms: buyer, customer, end user, enjoyer, purchaser, shopper, user applicant, believer, buyer, chump, consumer, dependent, disciple, follower, front, habitué, head, mark, patient, patron, protégé, protégée, purchaser, shopper, walk-in, ward

Goods:appurtenances, belongings, chattels, effects, encumbrances, equipment, furnishings, furniture, gear, impedimenta, movables, paraphernalia, property, stuff, things, trappings Advertising : PR, announcement, announcing, ballyhoo, billing, blasting, broadcasting, buildup, displaying, exhibiting, exhibition, exposition, hard sell, hoopla*, hype*, pitch, plug, posting, proclamation, promo, promoting, promotion, publicity, puff, screamer, spread, squib Society association, camaraderie, civilization, commonality, commonwealth, community, companionship, company, comradeship, culture,

Advertising is a very common topic in both the IELTS writing and speaking tests. Positives of advertising:    

Companies need to tell customers about their products and services. Advertisements inform us about the choices we have. The advertising industry employs many people. Advertisements are often funny, artistic or thought-provoking.

Negatives of advertising:    

Advertisers aim to convince us that buying things leads to happiness. We are persuaded to follow the latest trends and fashions. Children can be easily influenced by advertisements. They put pressure on their parents by pestering or nagging.

Opinions:    

Advertising should be regulated by governments. Advertisements that target children should be banned. Packaging for junk food should display clear health warnings. Overall, advertising is necessary but it needs to be controlled.

Some people think that private medicine is better for your health. Others say that healthcare should be free of charge and government-funded. Discuss, what is your opinion? Intro In more recent times, the term of socialized medicine…………………….health care and its approach ……….categorized by private and government . -for some lobby believe that,,,,,,,,,,,,, -others, however, defines that…………………………………… Both the discussion had its merits. Body 1 (advantages of private medicines) From the first standpoint,…………………………..

- it is highly flexible. - Patients can go online and post some of their key symptoms and then get some treatment suggestions based on what they posted. - recovering at home, lessening hospital stay highly advanced medical devices that doctors can use to ensure proper treatment. - For instance, X-ray, a doctor is able to locate the problem - Western medicine is to completely eliminate the symptoms of whichever condition. Body 2 (healthcare should be free of charge and government-funded) - Visits to the emergency room of a hospital are very often not made voluntarily, - designed to meet the cost of all or most health care needs from a publicly managed fund - many increasingly expensive, become available, which increases health costs both for public and private systems In conclusion -not complete should be free of cost -some part should be taxed - both are advantageous according to the situation and varies country to country

Some poor students and students from rural areas find it difficult to get access to the university education. For that reason universities should make it especially easy for people from these backgrounds. In what extent do you agree or disagree? Intro Now majority of population ……………………. However, too many students who reside in countryside…………………………….(away from good universities and colleges. ..and, exposure is …………………………. Hence, this is my belief that…………………………………………………………….. Body 1 (disadvantages of providing education in rural areas for universties) -not good thing to inaugurate campuses in rural areas. First,….. land costs money, and building labs, libraries and research units is eye-wateringly expensive. - problem of staff………. -third… inefficiency….. may only serve a few hundred students, - may miss the interaction and atmosphere of a larger city university Body 2 (advantages of providing education in rural areas for universities) However, - there are many ways to facilitate third level education outside the cities - technological solutions………/for example Radio and television…. /via email or the internet. - Another approach is to offer beginner-level courses in rural campuses and then require students to transfer for their final years. -providing scholarship - lack the financial resources to live in cities and pay high tuition fees Conclusion -in conclusion,

-welcome diversity and equality in their policies - make sure that students from rural areas also get the best education they can.

Do you think scientific development has a positive or a negative effect on the quality of food? What is your opinion? Intro In by gone society , food preserved its nutritional value …………………………….. However, in modern days the scientific methods has abated the enrichment………………………….. In my opinion, the facts tells that food has identically……………………………………… Body 1 (negative development ) - Microwave: Destroys nutrients - microwave cooking destroys some important nutrients in vegetables. Broccoli, when microwaved, lost 97 percent, 74 percent and 87 percent of three cancer-protecting antioxidants - Microwaves use super-fast particles to radiate the water inside food to bring it to a boil. Body 2 Dried Fruit vs. fresh fruit - water content out and dehydrating it. - Vitamin C, for instance, is fragile, so it may be destroyed in the process. -abating the quality and taste of actual and fresh food Body 3 - Organic for nutrients and safety - expensive than commercially grown produce. - negative effects of pesticides and herbicides used on commercial crops: cancer risk, inflammation, and reproductive imbalance in humans and animals. Conclusion -from above analysis , I conclude that…… - disadvantages are more concerned -will look upon to preserve real eatables.

Several students have asked me to help them with this IELTS question:

Some people think that school children need to learn practical skills such as car maintenance or bank account management along with the academic subjects at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Here are some suggestions (this is NOT an essay): 1. Introduce the topic then give your opinion I would write that it is true that children learn academic subjects at school, but not many practical skills. However, I would then disagree that schools should teach skills like bank account management and car maintenance. 2. First supporting paragraph I would write a paragraph about the importance of academic subjects like maths, science, languages etc. We live in

a knowledge-based economy where independent thinking and problem solving are the most important skills. With timetables already full, schools do not have time to teach children anything else. 3. Second supporting paragraph I would argue that bank account management is a 'life skill' that anyone can learn by simply opening a bank account. Most adults have no problem managing their finances without being taught accounting lessons at school. Other skills like car maintenance are not really necessary. Most people take their cars to a qualified mechanic. 4. Conclusion Repeat the idea that schools are already doing a good job teaching the traditional academic subjects. If they start to teach practical skills, the study of important academic subjects will suffer. I wrote an introduction and a conclusion of this topic. In the contemporary society, increasing number of people suggest that children should be taught practice skills at school besides traditional academic subjects. However, I do not believe that it is necessary for schools to teach such skills as bank account managment and car maintance. ..... From the points enlisted above, it seems evident that it is more important for school children to learn academic subjects, while practice skills like bank account management and car maintance could be learned in the leisure time if chilren are interested in them.

Some people say subjects like arts, music, drama and creative writing are more beneficial to children, and therefore they need more of these subjects to be included in the school program. Do you agree or disagree? Intro In the present education methodology , …. What is education and what subjects are taught.(academic such as business, science…) - however, the arts , music , drama should be taught because …………………. Hence, In my opinion, there should be …………………. Body 1 (advantages of art and music) - arts and music can boost students’ test scores For example ; Arts and music education programs are mandatory in countries that rank consistently among the highest for math and science test scores, like Japan, Hungary, and the Netherlands. -enhances the creative thinking and works as stress buster Body 2 ( advantages of drama) - Like theatre, drama in schools can unlock the use of imagination, intellect, empathy and courage. - familiar with the culture and conventions -for example ; jobs in television, film, radio and new media -practical subject Body 3 (advantages of creative writing) - creative writing prompts will allow your kids to use their imaginations to some up with a good story. - Gaining a Love of Writing. -for example ; reading and writing skills—skills that easily translate into careers in fiction writing, - government, law and business.

Conclusion -in overall analysis., I would say that …… -All studies are mandatory whether……. - the teacher has the role……………………..

In most countries, the number of plant and animal species is declining. What is causing this? What can we do to correct the situation? Intro From the right beginning of the earth , ……the creatures and living plants …………………….. However, the basic needs of human in modern times…………. This is an alarming issue where several factors are….., ……………./should be resolved before ………………………… Body 1 (cause of animal decline First and foremost, which is major cause …. -deforestation resulting in the loss of natural habitat for wildlife. -harvest the wood or create space for building or agriculture Second contributor is ; Global Warming -for example ; temperature increase of even 1 degree can affect plant and animal life. Body 2 (causes of plants declination) -Exotic Species Introduction -plants introduced to new ecosystem, the native compete for survival -Overharvesting -not providing space to species to renew its numbers Body 3 (solution) -Manage Global Warming -By protecting habitat, entire communities of animals can be protected together -Minimize use of Herbicides and Pesticides -Reduce the Threat of Invasive Species Conclusion -plants and animals role -government and their part to play

Here is a "problem/solution" question, with some ideas for an essay below:

Many criminals re-offend after they have been punished. Why do some people continue to commit crimes after they have been punished, and what measures can be taken to tackle this problem? Causes of crime and re-offending:  

The main causes of crime are poverty, unemployment and lack of education. People who commit crimes often have no other way of making a living.

   

The prison system can make the situation worse. Offenders mix with other criminals who can be a negative influence. A criminal record makes finding a job more difficult. Many prisoners re-offend when they are released.

Possible measures to reduce crime and re-offending:      

Prisons should provide education or vocational training. Rehabilitation programmes prepare prisoners for release into society. Community service is another way to reform offenders. It makes offenders useful in their local communities. They might be required to talk to school groups or clean public areas. Offenders also need help when looking for accommodation and work.

My introduction here: It is very often to see that some offenders commit crime again. It can be viewed from many aspects such as poverty, unemployment and lack of unemployment. To tackle this some measures could be taken by governments. Or The increasing crime rate is one of major issues in contemporary society and what astonish us more is that the same crime is often committed by the same offender even after punishment. There are a number of causes of this problem and each one needs to be dealt with in a particular way.

TASK 2. Health is a basic human need so healthcare should not be provided by private profit-making companies. Do you agree? Brain storming first step: identify the topic within the topic: e.g., here: privatization of healthcare second step: rephrase keywords in original question: e.g. basic -> fundamental. profit-making -> profit-oriented. companies -> enterprises. (large companies -> global conglomerates) third step: write a background sentence. you can use structures given if you wish. (sth has been the subject of heated debate) intro in by gone society , a healthy man was considered as the richest person of the world. However in modern days …..the definition of health is ………………………………private enterprises …………………..terms of medicine This approach has many silent features, but ………………………………….privatization is completely not reliable. Body 1 (demerits) First and foremost , - Inequality low in income will have greater burden of medical fees than those with high income. - Also, people with high income usually have medical insurance covered by their employing company. In addition , Children, students, or those with no jobs will not have a medical insurance. -companies cover medical insurance for the employee’s children, however, majority of companies simple do not because of its expensive cost.

So, children or student are vulnerable to injuries or disease as the medical fee will be so expensive for them. Body 2 Secondly, -Discrimination For example , In the U.S.,…………………………. public and private hospitals are getting almost the same amount of Medicaid business. Despite this, private profit hospitals have shown discrimination against patients who are publicly insured with Medicaid on occasion. Reports have been filed that show hospitals will sometimes have a preference for families that are young and growing, as well as to healthier patients who have Medicaid, Blue Cross/Blue Shield or a commercial medical insurance policy. Body 3 Lastly, -Uninsured Persons A severe downside with private healthcare is that it leaves many people uninsured. This means that people without insurance may have to pay medical bills---that can reach extraordinary figures---without any outside help; often times proving to be a financial burden that is difficult to overcome. Conclusion To put it in a nutshell, I argue that ……………………… More disseminates of privatization -government is cost effective and in regard of poor society

These days many countries are facing different problems, so it is better that each country concentrates on solving its own problems, instead of cooperating with other countries. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Kinds of problems countries are facing - MIGRANT WORKERS FROM OTHER countries - WEAPONS DO NOT MAKE A COUNTRY A SUPER POWER - UNORGANIZED SECTOR different nations NEEDS TO BE REGULARIZED - CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC LIFE - DISPARITIES IN DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH - MALNUTRITION AND GENDER INEQUALITY - Generating Political and Economic Development Brain storming Intro In the current state of affairs of every nation, cooperation and its value….. -however, disturbance of other nation affairs ……………..unbalancing the economy and social fronts …..need to improved

before situation get worse. Body 1 (why it is better that each country concentrates on solving its own problems) -reason 1 :- balances the Economic Development -for example; in india –migration of people to Mumbai- distressing money flow- categorsing rich and poor -lack in human and natural resources -effecting the generic development -sources and money indirectly fleeing to other nations -public dissatisfaction -generating social crisis. Body 2 (why it is better that each country concentrates on solving its own problems) -reason 2 :- eradicate CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC LIFE -for example ; The survey disclosed that the greatest number of people affected by corruption (81 million) was by the Health department, followed by Power (59 million) and Education (53 million) -increase public and self satisfaction -will renowned by prosperous nation -personality security of wealth Body 3 (why not cooperate with other countries) - Unilateralism - Such action may be in disregard for other parties, or as an expression of a commitment toward a direction which other parties may find agreeable - A foreign government sharing in the cost of development - international producers to compete with domestic sources Conclusion From above mentioned , it is derived that cooperation with individual is best than shaking hands with unknown. -develop nation to mufti-power in world.

Some people believe that study is important to success, others say there is no relation between study and success. Discuss both views. Give your own opinion based on your experience. Brain storming Intro -Education is an important human activity. It was born with the birth of the human race and shall continue to function as long as the human race lives. Or Learning is the most powerful tool in the world. The more you know the better you get along in the world. -some lobby claims that …….(relate it with success) -others argue that …(controversial statement study & success ) Body 1 advantages of education for success - first and foremost, Getting paid for better jobs

For example ; Many people who are making what is labeled as PEANUTS, while engineers …… To survive you must have knowledge and money educated people who have no common sense Dispels inequality……. a wealthy or fortunate background body 2 (there is no relation between study and success.) Educated people don't know the reality of life because they are only book worms. Success needs practical Education doesn’t means employed, success correlates employment For example; A person may have skills in different area like sports, singing, dancing etc, and for that they don't need a particular education Conclusion In conclusion, I completely believe that …… Success and education are proportional Require analysis ‘of where it is mandatory on accurate situation.

Some people think that spending a lot on holding wedding parties, birthday parties and other celebrations is just a waste of money. Others, however, think that these are necessary for individuals and the society. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Intro In by gone society , …occasion and its importance Hence, some lobby feel that…….(first opinion) There are others who argue that…….(second opinion) Body 1 (these are necessary for individuals and the society) advantage of parties -People choose to throw parties for a number of reasons. - parties can make better teams - members to know each other better - Victory parties……… - good memories -for example ; birthday parties……………. has great photos took on family parties - actually create value, either by employing people in the party planning business or by offering people better party experiences. Body 2 (pending a lot on holding wedding parties, birthday parties and other celebrations is just a waste of money.) - causes some tension in the society - social anxiety disorder - There are other ways to celebrate important events that may have greater value for their cost -. For instance; send out gifts after successful projects.

conclusion -in overall analysis, I believe that - form of social event that brings many benefits to individuals and the society -helps to get rid of stress who are not fond of parties.

Public libraries should only provide books and should not waste their limited resources on expensive high-tech media such as software, videos or DVDs. Do you agree or disagree? Brain storming Intro With the proliferation of high-tech media,........ some people hold that the public libraries would be rendered obsolete…… while other assert it’s only a waste of limited resources and the libraries should offer books only. Body 1 On one hand,High-tech media is,.......... indeed superior to the books in terms of entertainment, attraction, and functionality. ........ For instance, first-hand experience even though those people have not physically visited or seen the.......... Also, capital cost would be lowered by appealing to a sizable number of users. Body 2 More importantly, access the Internet to update their knowledge . in contrast, books typically take multiple months to be published, In addition, computer literacy has become an essential skill recently, public libraries should take on the responsibility to educate its users how to operate a computer. Body 3 Furthermore, share their resources via the Internet. In this way, cannot be found in one library, the borrower still could locate the book from other libraries Conclusion benefit in multiple ways if they are equipped with the high-tech media.

Many people believe that teachers should teach students how to judge right from wrong and how to behave, while others think they should just teach academic subjects. What is your opinion? You should write at least 250 words. Brain Stormimg Teaching is the art of transferring information from one human being to another. A good teacher is someone…….. It is argued that instructors should make efforts ,….teach academics…basic skills To prove this, the heightened abilities of a teacher to instill ideas and the community-…..analyzed

Body 1 Firstly, teachers are trained to communicate……….ideas……….morality…….a positive thing. . For example, Canadian Catholic schools engage students in lessons ….moral and immoral ones part of a spiritual studies program, they are not found in Canadian public schools. Interestingly, Canadian public schools ,,,reduced….drug rates… Thus, when Canadian Catholic schools are compared ,,,clearly benifical Body 2 In addition to this, standardised classes….. preserve the values of a community from one generation to the next. Take China as an example. The Chinese education system to this day includes the teachings of Confucius, which stress the honouring of one’s parents. As anyone who has been to China can attest,,,,clearly tend the nature of behavior . Thus, the teachings of behaviour by classroom ,,,upholding the values of community Conclusion After looking at how the teaching of behaviour and morality can be efficiently accomplished by teachers , it is concluded that teachers should instruct ,,,,,,,judge wrong and right Hopes global morality will retain.

TV watching is argued to be detrimental to children’ development, but some argue that it could bring positive effects as well. Do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion. Intro Tv and its invention Tv and family members Tv and children Indeed, in spite of there are some negative effect not able to deny its some huge values body 1 (advantages of tv) On the one side, entertaining and educational -children are often so busy studying……leisure time reduced -a good friend……..useful entertainment programs -feel entirely cozy, relax and get energy back to concentrate Moreover, Today…..not just have functions such as entertainment, transmit news -performing education mission well. -plenty of education programs, namely teaching English, teaching cook and so on. Body 2 (disadvantages of tv) -some argues that there are also some negative effects -when they stay for a long time in front of TV to watch violent movies

-As an unfortunate result…….health issue such as paint back and eyes Body 3… .in my point of view,… these can be block by parent’s manage. -rich of children spend long hours for watching movie, listening music because of lack of control from parent.

In conclusion benefits of watching television are more significant than potential dangers

TV is one of great create produce of our modern world. In each family nowadays every members, especially children cannot live without watching Television. Indeed, in spite of there are some negative effect from it to growing up of children, we are not able to deny its some huge values. On the one side, watching TV can be both entertaining and educational. We can easy to see that today children are often so busy studying, that means their leisure time is becoming little and little. Hence, TV at this time is really a good friend of their, it brings to them useful entertainment programs and consequently, after watching those children can be entirely cozy, relax and get energy back to concentrate on doing assignments and others. Moreover, TV today does not just have functions such as entertainment, transmit news, otherwise it is performing education mission well. There are plenty of education programs, namely teaching English, teaching cook and so on. Yet, some argues that there are also some negative effects of television on children when they stay for a long time in front of TV to watch violent movies, worthless game shows. As an unfortunate result, this brings with health issue such as paint back and eyes to them. However, in my point of view, these can be block by parent‟s manage. Definitely, rich of children spend long hours for watching movie, listening music because of lack of control from parent. In conclusion, it seems to me that the benefits of watching television are more significant than potential dangers.

Older people think the world was a better place when they were young. Do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion Intro Over a century ago, The older people and their community …….. The young age and its merits……… Body 1 (negatives of young age for old people) From a psychological standpoint… -suffered much for the survival For example ; lack of clean drinking water and antibiotics experienced world wars, the Depression, even the Holocaust body 2:- (what has changed) connection with modern life , technology eradicated the physical and medical troubles. =- field of connected health has given birth to great innovations in areas such as self-tracking or preventive medicine

- introduce connected devices, unrelated to healthcare, into the home of seniors -for example ; iPod offers many apps and features that make it the perfect tool for seniors to keep in touch with their family, their community, and start using modern means of communication such as e-mail or Internet forums Conclusion To put it in a nutshell, I assert that … - the old age with modern life is much greater in terms of longevity of life. -the young age was struggle.

Nowadays there is no need for museums and art galleries any more. Since everything is accessible through internet, people can find any historic facts there. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons and examples from your personal knowledge. Intro Nowadays Internet is a great tool, the extremely useful one especially for self-study it can not replace even partially real experience of acquaintance with the original works of art, history and science directly Hence, this is believed from my side that museums and art galleries state various positives. Body 1:- ( the need of museums and art gallaries) Education going to a museum can bring what is taught in schools to life, by seeing artefacts or paintings for example. for example:- If children are learning about the Romans ….. exhibition full of armour and weapons dating from that period valuable source of creativity, particularly organisations such as art galleries or photography exhibitions, -demonstrates the common laws of nature , ancients things and its value, Body 2 Tourism and the Local Economy significant factor in attracting tourists to an area and can therefore be instrumental in helping the local economy for example :- in 2004, 85 % people visited uk’s rich heritage and array of museums and galleries offering local people employment Body3 :- (disadvantages of finding facts from web ) - Internet does not mean it is completely true or accurate even you spend a lot of hours - In addition the Internet is an ever changing medium. So sites that are here today may be gone tomorrow. Conclusion - in overall analysis, -the value of musems and art gallaries -the untruth of internet

Many universities and colleges these days offer distance learning programs instead of face-toface courses. Do you think the advantages of this new approach outweigh the disadvantages? Brain storming Intro

In by gone society , the meaning of education was attending classes in government schools. Lately, in modern various approaches of technology has changed the meaning. Online-learning is one the most approaching way . Advantages and disadvantages Body 1-advantages -Students can "attend" a course at anytime, from anywhere - Online learning enables student-centered teaching approaches - Course material is accessible 24 hours a day 7 days a week. - Online instructors come with practical knowledge and may be from any location across the globe. - . Learn From The Comfort Of Your Own Home - Avoid Schedule Conflicts body 2 Disadvantages - Online courses require more time than on-campus classes - Online courses require good time-management skills - Online courses may create a sense of isolation. - Online courses require you to be an active learner. - Online courses require you to be responsible for your own learning. Conclusion In overall analysis, I would say that …… Your opinion…outweigh or not? Write at least one line about face to face course compared with online education

Subjects at schools are selected by authorities such as the central government (not by the teachers). Some say that these subjects should be chosen by teachers. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons and examples. Brain storming Intro:Over several years of last century…. developed in many countries, a new trend of establishing central authorities to look…… curriculum academic pursuals has also emerged This system has many advantages but there are some who criticize…. teachers must be given authority to plan curriculum and syllabus for individual schools BODY 1 People who vouch for the central authority…. aces greatest challenge harmonizing academic disciplines and syllabus across the country help assess and evaluate the intelligence of students on basis of single criteria list. create a strategy to develop a comprehensive education BODY 2

Besides the harmonization of standards, access to broader perspectives and abundance of resources develop such study material that can assist greatly in enhancing the student’s knowledge body 3 On the contrary there is a lobby that strongly feels that….. teachers who should be given responsibility As per them,….. teachers are closer to the students and have a better access to their intelligence levels first hand information on level of understanding deciding the subjects that can be easily grabbed by the pupils conclusion In overall analysis, I feel that….. central agency to take care of establishment of curriculum as it helps guarantees delivery of standardized education These days parents are more concerned with their children’s up-bringing than before. Child-care training course for parents can be the best way to update their parenting skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give your opinion and support it with examples where possible. Intro By gone days, Parents role for child Lately, modern parents Child care program –the best way Body :- advantage1 Teaches the parents how to Social & Emotional Development in a baby For example ;parents to follow the correct format of daily routine of feeding, playing, and growing In addition ; Separation anxiety -----when babies begin to understand that things,--biggest factor to handle Body 2 Baby health care guidelines -for example; most of parents lack - • Baby acne• Baby colds• Baby teething Body 3 -Baby Vaccines For example ; all parents do not know right vaccination----wrong Immunizations: conclusion:Overall Guide line is must before becoming aprent Child care program develops the skills of becoming good parents

Some people think that young learners should not have school subjects such as sport or physical exercises, and that these subjects should be replaced. What is your opinion? Add any relevant information and give examples from your own experience. Brain storming

Intro :Importance of sports in education Why students should learn along with academics. Body 1:- advantages of sports The first advantage of sports for people is that--------healthy and be fit first aim should be healthy and fit with the benefits of sports As a possible example-------- a car which has not worked for yearsSecondly , Playing in early age ---strengthens up body and physic Sports that involve jumping and stretching help increase height; for example basketball. Thirdly Research shows that sports improve Math skills in children. for example, tennis, badminton, baseball and cricket help them increase focus lastly beneficial for the development of social skills interact with people, communicate with them and collaborate as a team foster collective thinking and harness your planning and delegation skills too Winning a game gives you a sense of accomplishment, which boosts your confidence further. Conclusion I would say that -0—as a subject sports activities are less prone to depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders. However, But it is also true that spending too much time on sport will bring out negative effect on them.

“People are living longer, so soon some countries will have more old people than young people. Do you think this development will have more advantages or disadvantages?” BRAIN STORMING INTRO :- Thanks to improved living standards and universal accessibility of medical facilities, more and more people now live to be seventy or eighty. longevity is a positive thing. But what exactly happens when the number of older people in the society increases. In my opinion, the issue has both positive and negative side . BODY 1 : advantages 1. Older people are far more experienced and knowledgeable……guide the younger generation in the right direction…….. 2. grandparents will look after their grand children 3. beneficial for the society by solving the problems with their experience 4. traditions and customs of their respective culture BODY 2 :- disadvantages 1special care and medical attention 2aren’t necessarily productive 3.reason of being family crisis

CONCLUSION I believe, some good……..some bad…both are acceptable

In many countries more and more young people are leaving school but unable to find jobs. What problems do you think youth unemployment causes for individuals and the society? What measures should be taken to reduce the level of unemployment among youngsters? Intro: Para 1: Effects on individual - Economic loss - Peace of mind and feeling of security is lost - Self worth is lost - Social status and status within the family is lost - Mental health is affected Para 2: Effects on society - Increased poverty - Crime - Political instability - Diminished health standards Para 3: What can be done - Education system reform – many people are without jobs and many jobs are without suitable people - Government subsidies to those firms that take on unemployed people - Control of birth rate – fewer children to care for and feed - Set up industries based on agriculture - Set up cottage industries – carpets – mats – soaps Conclusion:

International tourism has become a huge industry in the world. Do the problems of international travel outweigh its advantages? Intro – Faster planes – cheaper flights. In developed societies – visiting exotic places is a status symbol. Tourism industry of both developing and developed countries are taking advantage. Para 1 : Problems of international tourism 1. Increase in crime – tourists are in unfamiliar territory and carry visible items of wealth like cameras and jewellery which can be easily disposed off for a profit. 2. Health – spread of infectious and contagious diseases like SARS, AIDS etc. 3. Damage to environment Para 2: Advantages 1. Boost economy Para 3: Advantages 1. Cultural exchange

2. Infrastructure develops which helps local people Conclusion:

SSS Do the benefits of tourism outweigh the drawbacks? Da li koristi od turizma nadmasuju rezultate? Here are some ideas. I've organised the vocabulary according to different perspectives (different ways of looking at this issue). Positives of tourism: 1. Personal perspective: Tourism is a popular leisure activity. Tourists can relax, have fun, 'recharge their batteries', experience different customs and cultures (sight-seeing, sunbathing, visiting monuments, tasting new cuisine). Travel opens our minds. It can broaden our horizons. 2. Economic perspective: The tourism industry is vital for some countries. People rely on tourism for their income. Tourism attracts investment from governments and companies. It creates employment due to demand for goods and services (hotels, entertainment etc.). It helps to improve the standard of living. Negatives of tourism: 1. Environmental perspective: Tourism can have a negative impact on the environment. Excessive building (roads, hotels etc.) destroys natural habitats and spoils the landscape. Tourism creates pollution and waste. It puts pressure on local resources such as food, water and energy. 2. Economic perspective: Tourism may cause a rise in the cost of living. Prices of goods and services go up. Tourists buy second homes. All of this affects local people. 3. Cultural perspective: Local traditions may be lost. Traditional jobs and skills die out (e.g. farming, fishing). Local people are forced to work in the tourist industry. Thinking about topics from different perspectives can help you to generate better ideas. This technique isn't perfect for every topic, but it can be really useful.

Many people leave the countryside for the greater opportunities which are offered by cities. This move is not without disadvantages for both people and the environment. What are some benefits and drawbacks of urbanisation? Brain storming Intro Today-issue of urbanization advantages of urbanization- economy and education-less land to be used for agricultural purposes poor living and working conditions-air quality. Body 1 First,- higher-income jobs and better education Example:- Melbourne –rural youngsters –migrate- better living-income Other people, however-children to have the best education high-ranked schools or universities-cities people left to do the agricultural works so there will be less land to be exploited-good impact on the environment. Body 2

However-critics of urbanization argue that-people move to major cities-greater competition for jobs people with greatest ability can remain staying example:- works in construction sites, and are often in dangers which can cause death overpopulation-no space to live Some people even have to live under a bridge or in a park. reduced amount of trees-fall in the quality of air conclusion:after considering both sides of urbanization,-bad more than good increasing trend-managed by strict policies.

The rate of young women crimes is rising in the current society. What are the causes and how to solve it? Brain storming :Intro:Juvenile delinquency young women crimes spearheads very fast great concerns about this problem. Causes for this issue and explore some possible solutions. Body 1 First of all,- rapid development of society and the changes of people's value eye-catching development of economy- find a jobAs a consequence- influenced by the malfeasance in the society Body 2 Secondly, women's quality attributes partly to the rise of criminal rate prosperity and luxurylack of education and good skills body 3 The last factor is the over-description of violence on the media Provides abudunt information For example:- programs are full of violence, sexual alluring, bloody contents- astray young women Conclusion and solution government should pay more attention strengthen education and raise the quality of people government and people should join hands

Some people think that travel helps gaining knowledge, but others think that TV and internet play an important role in gaining knowledge. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. Intro It is very well said that …………………………………….. Information is not knowledge . therefore , some people think that pragamatic experience such as travelling……………..

However , some certain populace think that ……………….. media like Tv and internet …………………………..skills. Both these arguments will be analyzed and a conclusion will be decided upon it. Body 1 (that travel helps gaining knowledge) On one hand , Traveling increases our knowledge and widens our perspective . - new perspective about life and especially our life……………………………. change some of our habits or even create new ones - for example Columbus discovered a whole new world due to traveling -another reason is ………….. New experiences increase our resourcefulness - . I have noticed that people who traveled………………………………………. were ready to embrace change and have a natural ability of overcoming problems that others would frown upon. Body 2 On the other hand , some people believe that social media is the best way to get knowledge For business and economical development…………………. -for instance , Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter continue to draw attention, many businesses are finding that these social media sites are a wonderful way to connect with their customers. Additionally , internet and TV are less expensive -in a classroom , ………………………………. Gives students and teachers alike a common approach to critical thinking Conclusion Conclusion To put it in a nutshell , Both have realistic points -media is superior than travelling . More saving and safer ever than travelling.

Many people assume that the goal of every country should be to produce more materials and goods. To what extent do you agree or disagree that constantly increasing production is an appropriate goal? These days, both developed countries and developing countries are struggling with several economical problems and they try to adopt good solution for their problems and increase their productivity. Moreover, countries set several appropriate goals for their society which will eventually lead to not only solving their economical problems but also improving their productivity. It is obvious that increasing production controversial issue because this strategy has several advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, whenever the country try to produce more materials and goods not only will people be able to use their own materials and commodities and they act independently without need to import them from other countries with high prices but they also will be able to export their additional productions and make profit by this way. Furthermore, the government can create more jobs and positions at workplaces and support many factories to produce more materials and products which would never happen if these countries wanted to import their demands instead of producing them. On the other hand, increasing productions need several prerequisites and initial capital and infrastructures to create factories and support them as regards producing materials with decent quality. It is clear that all of factors that are

mentioned force countries to spend a lot of money and even make irreversible damages if the government can not manage this strategy well. This fact can not be overlooked that more production need more human resources and human resources should be had good expert in their fields while these factors definitely depend on country’s circumstances. Take an example, china is one country that is successful by using this strategy because has many labors with low salaries and it would be able to produce more materials and goods and export them entire the world in different categories of quality for any kinds of cultures. In conclusion, I think that increasing productions has several advantages and disadvantages that countries should be considered both of them that whether select this strategy as an appropriate goal or not. It depends on country’s circumstance since lead to making irreversible damages with mismanagement.

In order to improve safety on our roads more severe punishment should be established for driving offenses. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? brain storming Agree :1. severe fining system surely enables to cut down the quantity of offences 2. strict chastisement will raise public awareness 3. Penalties are a critical part of the mix of speed limit enforcement necessary to save lives and reduce injuries on our roads. If disagree , write other factors only such as:1. increase the quality of traffic facilities. 2. Abate the road collision by adequate number of road signs 3. educate people with traffic law and safety. 4. invest in public transport system while some increase traffic fees. 5. availability of proper infrastructure 6. presence of overhead bridge for pedestrians can abate the roads intersections crowded which also decrease the probability of accidents vocabulary:improve:advance, ameliorate, amend, augment, better, boost, civilize, come around, convalesce, correct, cultivate, develop, doctor up, edit, elevate, emend, enhance,remedy, revitalize Safety:assurance, asylum, cover, defense, freedom, immunity, impregnability, inviolability, invulnerability, refuge, safeness, sanctuary, security, shelter Punishment:abuse, amercement, beating, castigation, chastening, chastisement, comeuppance, confiscation, correction, deprivation, -adjectives punishing; penal; punitory, punitive; inflictive, castigatory; punished. Driving

:- active, compelling, dynamic, energetic, enterprising, galvanic, impellent, lively, propulsive, sweeping, urging, vigorous, violent

What are the advantages and disadvantages of maternity leave? Which side do you feel outweighs the other? Laws and social practices surrounding maternity leave vary widely from one country to another. Equally varied are the positions people take on whether maternity leave brings with it more advantages or disadvantages. A conclusion will be reached following this essay’s discussion of these two positions. On the one hand, the benefits young families receive from paid work leave are evident. For one, it gives new mothers a chance to properly prepare for the birth of their child and recuperate afterward. Not having to shoulder the financial burdens that come with taking unpaid leave, mothers can focus entirely on providing a healthy home environment for their new baby. Thus, the advantages that come from maternity leave are obvious. However, paid maternity leave can also cause some hesitation towards the hiring of women, particularly among highpressure corporate positions. For example, often companies in Shanghai will ask job seeking women whether they are married or not. By hiring unmarried women, these firms hope to circumvent the need to provide parental leave should one of their married employees decide to start a family. As these sorts of practices are not isolated to only Shanghai, it is clear that maternity programs have the disadvantage of indirectly encouraging sexism. Following this look, it is difficult to say the disadvantages of maternity leave outweigh the advantages. Thus, programs that offer new mothers paid work leave are thought to provide more benefits than drawbacks. It is hoped that parental leave programs will continue to develop and improve into the foreseeable future.

SSS It has been said that the world is becoming a global village in which there are no boundaries to trade and communication. Do the benefits of globalisation outweigh the drawbacks? I would treat this as a "discuss both views and give your opinion" question. I'd give both sides, but also make it clear which side is my view.

Positives of globalisation:      

Business is becoming increasingly international. A global economy means free trade between countries. This can strengthen political relationships. Globalisation can also create opportunities for employment. It encourages investment in less developed countries. It could reduce poverty in the developing world.

Negatives of globalisation:     

Globalisation can also lead to unemployment and exploitation. Companies move to countries where labour is cheap. This creates redundancies, or job losses. Some companies exploit their employees in developing countries. Salaries are low and working conditions are often poor.



Global trade also creates excessive waste and pollution.

Note: The American English spelling is 'globalization'. You can use either spelling in the IELTS test. Int. - Globalisation promotes greater contact between cultures through activities such as international business and tourism, thereby encouraging peace between nations."

This essay is not about positive or negative features but which one is better. So I assume candidates will lose score just by writing few ads and disads and then generalising it. To get a task response 9 band score, candidate must contrast and show the variance that balance out the other side.Alternatively it can be compared and concluded as ' no difference therefore (:DISAGREE)'. POSSIBLE FORMAT IS : INTRO ( As usual --> paraphrase the question_+ signal) Body 1 : merits – zasluge - 1 and 2 demerits 1 and 2 ( just state those-- no need to explain) Body 2: merit -1 vs demerit 1 or 2 --> contrast: = show the variance with a reason and convince that one side is better or outweigh the other one. Body 3: do the same as body-1 but do the other merit and demerit. Conclusion: sum up and say which one balances out the other one. You may go for similarity in the 3rd body but the conclusion will be = no difference. But if you use inductive style such as 'A' side outweighs 'B' sides (in your 2 bodies), then sum up and state A side is better. Avoid non-sequitur as you will lose mark in the coherence and task response sections. Remember, these are the questions where students will not achieve 9 band in Task response and Coherence. You have no idea in which section you will lose scores because IELTS only provide you an whole band system which is their secret. This way IELTS makes heck a lot of ...... They want students to think of they lost in the IELTS test because of their grammar and vocabulary.

Animals also have emotions and feel equal pain as humans. We should stop all pharmaceutical companies from doing trials on innocent animals. Do you agree or disagree? Brain storming For:- 1 not a perfect way of developing new human medicines or vaccines 2 too expensive and more experimentally efficient 3. animals are vulnerable, defenseless and totally in people's control 4. lot of correlations between animals and humans including homologous genes, neurology, and molecular biological. 5. human diseases are different from that of animals Vocabulary Animals:- animal, animal kingdom; fauna; brute creation., beast, brute, creature, created being; creeping, thing, living thing; dumb animal, dumb creature., flocks and herds, livestock; domestic animals, wild anima Emotion:amore, ardor, attachment, care, case*, closeness, concern, crush, desire, devotion, emotion, endearment, feeling,

friendliness, friendship, good will, hankering*, heart, inclination, itch, kindness, liking, love, passion, predilection, propensity Human:- bipedal, civilized, creatural, ethnologic, ethological, hominid, hominine, humanistic, individual, mortal, personal, vulnerable Being:animal, beast, body, conscious thing, creature, entity, human, human being, individual, living thing, mortal, organism, person, personage, soul, thing pharmaceutical Definition: drug Synonyms: biologic, cure, depressant, dope*, essence, medicament, medication, medicinal, medicine, narcotic, opiate, pharmaceutic, physic, pill, poison, potion, prescription, remedy, sedative, stimulant, tonic Definition: substance that helps cure, alleviate, or prevent illness Synonyms: anesthetic, antibiotic, antidote, antiseptic, antitoxin, balm, biologic, capsule, cure, dose, drug, elixir, injection, inoculation, liniment, lotion, medicament, ointment, pharmaceutical , pharmacon, physic, pill, potion, prescription, remedy, salve, sedative, serum, tablet, tincture, tonic, vaccination, vaccine

Doctors say that many people have health problems due to lack of physical activity. What is your opinion on this issue? What might be the reasons for this? What are the ways to improve the situation? Into In by gone society , …………………………………..physical work However in modern days , ………………………….technological comforts, busy lives and white color jobs……………… In my opinion, the situation is getting worsen, while there are various aspects to get rid of this position. Body 1 In detail, technological comforts…………………biggest enemy For example ; For adults, modern technological conveniences ……………………………………… physical labor Remote controls. Automatic garage door openers. Electric golf carts……………………. great for everything except our health. In addition long commutes to work ……………….. If you spend an hour traveling each way, that’s two hours out of your day, ten hours a week, which leaves less time for exercise. Body 2 Subsequently , lack of support busy lifestyle makes it challenging to build community……………………… leaving people without social support for most things. Moreover , lack of knowledge……………………… lack of facilities or equipment and cost. ……………………. Body 3 Above addressed reasons might be improved if ; throw in a lack of motivation and it becomes even more clear why so many people are physically inactive; , add in social support such as friends, co-workers or family members to keep them engaged in the activities . -instead of relying on technical gadgets……………………………………………….communal work Conclusion - On the whole , it is concluded that …………………….. Individual should …………………………………..aware ………………………………..healthier life.

In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. Taking a gap year to travel or work has become a fashionable trend in some countries like the UK, Australia and South Africa resulting in a whole market being built around providing travel and work services to this emerging market segment. On average, high school graduates are teenagers. They are usually full of energy and undecided about what they want to study over the next three years. There are several benefits to travelling or working before embarking on further studies. Firstly, travelling broadens the mind giving young people skills they can use later on in life. They learn how to be independent, manage their budget, improve their social skills, and enhance their geographical, cultural and general knowledge. If they choose to work instead or while travelling, teenagers get a taste of the working world and know what to expect when they complete their studies. In cases where they are uncertain about their study choice some experience will

confirm it. There are only a few drawbacks. The first has to do with finance. Perhaps families are unable to fund their child’s roundthe-world trip. Secondly, students might not be able to defer their studies to a later date and as a result lose their unconditional offer. Once they are out of a study mind frame young people might have difficulties getting back to studying. All in all, the advantages in terms of personal growth and experience outweigh the disadvantages. Provided students have the necessary funds and motivation to continue their studies on their return then I think working and/or travelling is a good idea. Many universities and collages these days offer distance-learning programs instead of face-to-face courses. Do you think the advantages of this new approach outweigh the disadvantages? It can be seen that most educational institutions are focusing more on distance learning inorder to combat a heap of concerns and barriers for those who apply well away from these centers. Nevertheless, the convenient style of learning maintaining its own merits points out certain drawbacks in technology-based education. Having looked at both sides I believe that the advantages brought by this E- learning cannot be over ridden for its minor drawbacks. When the positive aspect of distance learning is taken in to account, it has done enormous benefits not only to students, but also to the universities and in a broader perspective, for the environment as well. From the institution’s point of view, lage number of enrollments are possible as space and facilities will no longer be a limiting factor .Similarly, it has maximized the opportunity to cater to the need of a variety of individuals living in the every corner of the world; for example, a baby sitter or a teenage mother is able follow these type of courses with out which it will be a dream for them. In addition, a student engages in fulltime work would be benefited as they can refer the lessons at any time with ease. Further aspect would be, time spent on transport can be eliminated saving both time and money. This has indirectly contributed to keep the environment green by reducing fossil fuel consumption. However, there remain few arguments in favour of the hardship of distant learning. Firstly, one should fulfill the basic requirements with a computer and the access to the Internet, which may be an extra burden for a beginner. Meanwhile, there are health related issues resulted from long periods of studying in front of the screen and getting isolates from the rest of the students. This is detrimental as it badly affects the social interactions and motivation through peer group competition. In conclusion, development in the system of education should go hand in hand with the other fast growing fields and this new approach will be a better way of learning for those who have obstacles for further studies and hence its merits can never be outweigh the dark side of it.

Some people believe that teaching children at home is best for a child’s development while others think that it is important for children to go to school. Discuss the advantages of both methods and give your own opinion. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. The argument over whether learning at home or at school is better for children has not been settled yet. Whereas home education offers better protection with individual learning and opportunities for families to bond, schools have a superior range of material and human resources. Ultimately, I think the school experience is best for children. There are several advantages for children who learn at home. Firstly, they can spend more time with their parents and siblings. Many social problems are associated with families not spending enough quality time together. Teaching children at home also provides them with an individualized learning environment. Instruction is custom designed and moves at the child’s own pace and in accordance with his or her individual learning style. Finally, home schooling protects children from bullies and others who might be a bad influence.

On the other hand, the school environment also offers advantages for children. Schools encourage children to socialize with their peers and learn how to cope with gossip, bullying and peer pressure. In addition, children will receive better tuition across a range of disciplines, as schools have teachers who are trained in special subjects. What is more, schools provide better access to physical resources such as sports equipment, musical instruments and library books. I believe that children are better off in a school environment. Although family time and individual learning are important, the range of expertise and resources that schools offer cannot be matched in the home. School environments may present difficult social situations, but so too does the real world and children must learn to navigate these on their own

Some people prefer to live in a house, while others think that there are more advantages living in an apartment. Are there more advantages than disadvantages to living in a house rather than in an apartment? There are several reasons why people choose to move into a house or apartment. Generally, while most people seems to prefer living in houses apartments offer some practical advantages. Personally, I prefer living in an apartment at this stage of my life but at some time in the future I want to move in a house of my own. There are clear benefits of living in a house in terms of privacy and safety and having more room but it may also involve more costs and effort. Usually, houses are more spacious than apartments. They may even come with a private yard or garden or extra space for hobbies. Another important aspect of having your own building is privacy and safety. For families it can be particular important to have a safe playground for their children. Moreover, neighbours life in some distance and therefore conflicts with them are less likely compared to living wall-to-wall in apartments. However, there are also downsides to staying in your own house. Not only are the costs usual higher but the residents are usually responsible for all repairs and maintenance. One must expect to spend more time working in the garden or repainting the walls of a house. Such responsibilities are usually shared among the residents when living in an apartment building. In contrast, apartments are more cost effective and require less commitment by the inhabitants. The principal benefit of dividing a house in several units is cost savings as some facilities and common costs are shared are fewer expenses for each resident. Certainly, these units have less space in most cases. I would therefore argue that apartments are more adequate housing in places where space is scare, such as large cities. Moreover, living in an apartment means less commitment and more flexibility. Flats are more often rented instead of sold. Hence, it can be easier to simply move if one’s requirements of space changes. Also there are less duties in terms of maintenance and administration compare to living in a house. All things considered, the best type of housing depends on the circumstances and personal preferences. In a large city or for young people without a family apartments can be a more cost effective and convenient solution. In the countryside houses tend to be more affordable. They are also more suitable for the space and safety requirements of a family or a person working from home.

Nowadays environmental problems are too big to be managed by individual persons or individual countries. In other words, it is an international problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree? An essential problem of the 21st century is world pollution. Currently the environment is so contaminated that urgent measures should be taken. A single individual cannot be blamed for the world pollution, however every person should take care of his or her habitat. In addition, it is vital that environmental issues are treated internationally. Lately, many presentations, conferences and international summits are held to deal with waste treatment, recycling, and soil and water contamination. For sure joint efforts and consolidation can only help in the mutual war towards the ongoing environmental disaster. For instance, governments should offer support to companies and organizations, involved in

manufacturing, industry or agriculture in order to find environment-friendly approaches. These could be special law regulations, recycling programs, helping courses in order to implement ISO certificates and many more. However, the influence of individuals over environment should not be ignored. If we do not confess that our planet is our home, we will never be able to take adequately care of it. We have to contribute every day to the preservation of nature and environment. For example, always remember to save energy by switching off lamps, computers and everything that we do not use. Our next obligation is to separate waste and throw bulk only in the designated areas. Driving vehicles can also be environment friendly. For example, we have to avoid accelerating the engines too rapidly or using the air conditioning in the country, where it would be better to save energy and simply open the windows. To sum up, environmental problems should be handled by local and international authorities as well as individuals. Every single person should take care of the environment; moreover we have to bring up our children to be conscious citizens of a clean and preserved planet.

Nowadays, pollution and waste levels are increasing rapidly. How does this effect ordinary people? What steps can be taken to overcome this problem? Pollution levels around the world have been increasing at exponential rates。 It is argued that this trend affects the physical health of ordinary people and the future of the natural resources these people need to survive. To combat these issues, the solutions of government intervention and conscientious product buying will be analyzed for viability in this essay. Firstly, to address the physical health problems people experience as a result of high pollution levels, it is argued that governments should work towards educating people about the role they play in the well-being of the natural world. For example, the Emirates used to have the highest rate of garbage production per capita on the globe. But after initiating a compulsory education program in all high schools across the country, this rubbish to person ratio was reduced significantly. Thus, it can be concluded from this example that education plays a very clear role in the fight against worldwide pollution. Further, to encourage the preservation of natural resources, people should take it upon themselves to avoid buying products known to be environmentally harmful. For instance, in the United States it has become trendy for people to buy hybrid cars as opposed to petrol guzzling vehicles, such as Cadillac Escalades. The conscious purchasing decisions these people are making are clearly having results, as the American contribution to global warming is not swelling at nearly the rate it once was. Thus, promoting smart consumer choices is obviously an excellent strategy for combating issues related to pollution. Following this look at the causes and potential solutions to the challenges associated with global contamination, it is felt that with a united effort humanity will be able to overcome this hurdle. It is thus hoped the solutions suggested in this essay are adopted the world over.

Health is a basic human need so healthcare should not be provided by private profit-making companies. Do you agree? Brain storming first step: identify the topic within the topic: e.g., here: privatization of healthcare second step: rephrase keywords in original question: e.g. basic -> fundamental. profit-making -> profit-oriented. companies

-> enterprises. (large companies -> global conglomerates) third step: write a background sentence. you can use structures given if you wish. (sth has been the subject of heated debate) intro in by gone society , a healthy man was considered as the richest person of the world. However in modern days …..the definition of health is ………………………………private enterprises …………………..terms of medicine This approach has many silent features, but ………………………………….privatization is completely not reliable. Body 1 (demerits) First and foremost , - Inequality low in income will have greater burden of medical fees than those with high income. - Also, people with high income usually have medical insurance covered by their employing company. In addition , Children, students, or those with no jobs will not have a medical insurance. -companies cover medical insurance for the employee’s children, however, majority of companies simple do not because of its expensive cost. So, children or student are vulnerable to injuries or disease as the medical fee will be so expensive for them. Body 2 Secondly, -Discrimination For example , In the U.S.,…………………………. public and private hospitals are getting almost the same amount of Medicaid business. Despite this, private profit hospitals have shown discrimination against patients who are publicly insured with Medicaid on occasion. Reports have been filed that show hospitals will sometimes have a preference for families that are young and growing, as well as to healthier patients who have Medicaid, Blue Cross/Blue Shield or a commercial medical insurance policy. Body 3 Lastly, -Uninsured Persons A severe downside with private healthcare is that it leaves many people uninsured. This means that people without insurance may have to pay medical bills---that can reach extraordinary figures---without any outside help; often times proving to be a financial burden that is difficult to overcome. Conclusion To put it in a nutshell, I argue that ……………………… More disseminates of privatization -government is cost effective and in regard of poor society

Children today are not as fit and healthy as in the past. Discuss the causes for this situation with relevant examples and give your opinion on possible solutions. Intro In by gone society, …...health and its character ………… However, in modern days the psychology of healthy ……………………………. But, do parents keep a watch on what children eat? This situation has arisen much…………………………….. This should be resolved by some………………….. Body 1 (causes of unhealthy) 1. prevalence of obesity in school children for example ; ages of 14 -17 is seen to be as high as 29 per cent in private schools of New Delhi 2.eating disorders -parents do not cook nutritional and balanced food…………staying away from homemade food. 3. technological comforts -for example; video game ……………………… completely lost the habit of physical exercise -increasing the chances of risk of heart disease rises for them as early Body 2 (comparison with past) -healthy diet -physical works more -food were away from chemicals Body 3 (solution) - suffering from obesity, healthy foods like whole grains, vegetables, fruits, low-fat dairy and healthy oils should be added in the diet. -physical and games periods at school in school syllabus -parents should take child care courses Conclusion - finally, I assert that parents and school should take responsibility -otherwise, ageing will diminish in next generation

Modern children are suffering from the diseases that were once considered to be meant for adults only. Obesity is a major disease prevalent among children. What are its causes and what solutions can be offered? Nowadays, the increasing rate of overweight children and adults is a worldwide health issue. Obesity is a major problem which is increasing day by day in school going -age children. There are various reasons behind it. This essay will discuss the causes of obesity and offer some solutions. The first cause of obesity is junk food. It is often seen that mostly children are fond of burgers, pizzas, noodles and Coke. These types of foods are easily available to them in school canteens. Children love to purchase chips, chocholates, - and ice-cream for lunch. Moreover, in this modern era, parents are working and they do not have time to cook at home. Parents often buy dinner for their children instead of preparing food at home. This calorierich diet is making children obese. This problem can be solved by teaching children to cook healthy foods for themselves and banning junk foods and fizzy drinks in schools. This diet can be replaced by milk, juice and fruits for lunch.

The second cause of obesity is sedentary life style. It is true that the use of computers and television is increasing in among children. They spend most of their time watching television or playing video games on a computer. This technological advancement has reduced the level of physical activity in this specific age group. This issue can be resolved by encouraging children to do physical exercises. Parents can take their children to park to encourage playing with friends. Furthermore, schools can add sports in their curriculum to maintain physical fitness in their students. To sum up, it is clear that main causes of obesity are unhealthy eating and not enough physical activities. This ailment can be prevented and treated by healthy eating habbits and physical exercises. This is a good essay. There are only a few minor errors that could have been easily prevented by proofreading this essay one last time before submission (mouse over the words underlined in blue shows corrections). Overall, this work seems worthy of IELTS Band 8. Keep up the good work!

The percentage of overweight children in western society has increased by almost 20% in the last ten years. Discuss the causes and effects of this disturbing trend. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. Over the last ten years, western societies have seen close to a 20% rise in the number of children who are overweight. This essay will discuss some reasons why this has occurred and examine the consequences of this worrying trend. The main cause of this problem is poor diet. Over the last decade there has been a prolific increase in the number of fast food restaurants. For example, on nearly every high street there is a MacDonald‟s, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Pizza Hut. The food in these places has been proven to be very unhealthy, and much of the advertising is targeted at children, thus ensuring that they constitute the bulk of the customers of these establishments. However, it is not only due to eating out, but also the type of diet many children have at home. A lot of food consumed is processed food, especially with regards to ready-made meals which are a quick and easy option for parents who are working hard.

The effects of this have been and will continue to be very serious. Firstly, there has been a large increase in health related diseases amongst children, especially diabetes. This debilitating illness means a child has to be injected with insulin for the rest of their life. Not only this, very overweight children often experience bullying from other children, which may affect their mental health. The negative stigma of being overweight may also affect selfesteem. To sum up, it is evident that there are several causes of obesity amongst children, and a variety of negative effects. Society must ensure steps are taken to prevent this problem from deteriorating further. (275 words)

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest? There is no doubt that the internet has revolutionised communication and information-sharing in the same way that the telegraph and the television did before it. However, societies have had to cope with unanticipated new problems, including crimes which traditional laws are powerless to prevent. This essay will address some of the illegal acts enabled by the internet and propose solutions. To begin with, the global scale of the internet means that national laws are no longer adequate to control what happens online. Take restrictions on legal reporting, for example. In some countries, the media is prohibited from revealing details of a defendant‟s past in case this prejudices a fair trial. However, such restrictions are no longer enforceable now that information may be freely published in other countries and accessed by all. The only solution here, it seems, is to adopt global standards. Since the internet traverses national borders, the flow of information can only be controlled if all nations agree on what can and cannot be shared. Another problem concerns anonymity, as internet users can easily conceal their identity and even impersonate others. Many crimes such as identity theft and child abuse result from the ease with which criminals can operate anonymously online. Some have proposed a system of online identification, similar to a passport, which would allow all internet users to be verified and traced. I believe this idea should be explored further, though there are clearly concerns about the security of those who use the internet to protest against oppressive regimes. In conclusion, the only long-term solution to the problem of internet crime is greater international cooperation. Since the problem is global is scale, the solution must also be global. A new agency of the United Nations should be created to tackle the problems described here. (298 words, IELTS 8.5)

Why does this Task 2 answer get an IELTS Band 8 score? Task response: The model answer fully answers the question by stating two distinct problems caused by the internet together with relevant solutions to each problem. The serious nature of each problem is illustrated with examples. The style is appropriate to academic writing and the answer is at least 250 words in length. Coherence and cohesion: The introduction contains a clear thesis statement. Each body paragraph deals with a different problem and its solution. Examples are signalled with logical connectives like for example and such as. The conclusion contains a clear recommendation which follows from the body.

Lexical resource: There are many instances of higher-level vocabulary such as prohibited, verified and oppressive. Examples of good collocation include prejudices a fair trial and tackle the problems. There are no spelling errors and correct word forms are used throughout. Grammatical range and accuracy: The candidate uses a wide range of conjunctions to link ideas into more complex sentences. Where necessary, the candidate uses a shorter sentence to emphasise a point more strongly. Verb tenses, including modals, are always accurate. Punctuation is handled skilfully throughout.

Some people say that cooking food at home is a waste of time. They claim that good restaurants are better and can make modern living easier and less stressful. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Here is a summary of the arguments in favour of a vegetarian diet, according to the speaker in yesterday's video:      

A vegetarian diet is healthier. Eating a hamburger a day can increase your risk of dying by a third. Raising animals in factory farm conditions is cruel. Meat production causes more emissions than transportation. Beef production uses 100 times the amount of water that vegetable production requires. A vegetarian diet is cheaper.

So, basically he is saying that a vegetarian diet is healthier, kinder to animals, better for the environment and cheaper. Now you need to think about the opposite argument. Feel free to discuss your ideas in the "comments" area. Here are some ideas - Vegetarian diet is not a balanced diet and there is no study which guarantees the absolute health by eating veges alone - Some nutrients are best absorbed from meat sourse like iron which is one of the essential mineral of our diet - Plants are also living things so killing or eating them can also make you cruel - If animals are not slaughtered for eating pupose due to cruelity and ethical reasons then leaving them in wild will not make them safe, think of fox waiting for peaceful death of chicken before eating it or cow to volunteer to be eaten by lion without involving any traumatic hunting by lion - Humans are omnivores by nature - Fish and free range chicken can be other alternatives - Reducing the aount of meat and having the balanced diet consisting of both veges and meat is the ideal for health and will help to eliminate most of the concerns and arguments of vegetarian.

Some people believe success in sports is due to fitness and physical conditions while others argue that mental state in more important discuss both views and give your opinion.....

A recent IELTS Writing Task 2 question was about the advantages and disadvantages of private healthcare.

State Health Systems: Advantages     

Good healthcare should be available to everyone for free. State healthcare is paid by the government using money from taxes. Everyone has access to the same quality of care and treatment. Private healthcare is unfair because only wealthy people can afford it. The National Health Service in the UK provides free healthcare for every resident. (use this as an example)

Private Healthcare: Advantages     

State hospitals are often very large and difficult to run. Private hospitals have shorter waiting lists for operations and appointments. Patients can benefit from faster treatment. Many people prefer to pay for a more personal service. Patients have their own room and more comfortable facilities.

Note: You can use the advantages of state healthcare when discussing the disadvantages of private healthcare. i have some ideas to share about this topic: the benefits of private hospitals: 1)Faster access to treatment with nearly no waiting time. 2)Choice of when and where you want to be treated. 3)Choose your own private health care doctor or a private specialist. 4)Access treatment to fields, which are not covered by the NHS. 5)Treatment and consultation can be done quickly and at a time convenient to you. 6)Payment is either by private insurance or you can pay directly by the 'self-paying' method.

What problems do children face in today's world? What should we do to address or solve these problems? Here are some ideas from my ebook to get you thinking about this topic:       

The lack of closeness in families can have a negative effect on children. Many parents have no idea how their children spend their time. Friends, television and the Internet have become the main influences on children’s behaviour. Teenagers are influenced by peer pressure. Juvenile delinquency is on the increase. Parents should be more involved with their children’s upbringing. Young people need positive role models.

Can you think of any more problems that children face, or suggest other solutions? Is it the responsibility of parents, schools or governments to tackle these problems? In the today’s world increasing rate of problems effect children firstly and more profoundly. In my opinion, several bad situations that the children are forced to face nowadays should be tackled and the children need to be protected from being affected by mitigating circumstances. It is wise to mention that all the factors might have almost the same degree of influence. Being in a long distance from children and making them suffer from lack of care would exacerbate their mental development and physical survival. Since parents tend to have limited time they are mostly unaware and inconsiderate of their children’s pastime activities. That factor leads to the dependence of children on the television, internet or mobile phones which in turn causes badly to their further development. There are some governmental factors, such as lack of law on child laboring, juvenile delinquency and war controlling that resulted in children’s lagging behind. To address children’s problems firstly parents’ should be involved in this activity by spending more time with their upbringing, organizing their outdoor activities, pastime and playing some adventurous games with them. It is wise to note that children tend to learn from adults, so that young people need positive role models. In order not be affected by the pressure of their peers the parents should take some actions by changing the school or moving to another place to live. In conclusion, children’s problems need to be mitigated by spending more time to caring of them because they are the future leaders of the world.

What are the benefits and drawbacks of immigration or multi-cultural societies? Here is a paragraph giving some of the economic benefits of immigration: From an economic perspective, immigration can be extremely positive. Many immigrants have skills that are needed in the country they move to. For example, countries sometimes lack key workers like doctors and nurses, and immigration is therefore encouraged. Immigrants who find work contribute to the economy of their new country with the skills they bring and the taxes they pay. At the same time, many immigrants send money to help family members in their home country, therefore helping to boost that economy too. Can you think of any social benefits of immigration? Are there any economic or social disadvantages?

Should governments make decisions about people's lifestyle, or should people make their own decisions? This question seems difficult, but if you take "smoking" as an example of a lifestyle choice, it becomes a lot easier. Here's my paragraph: In some cases, governments can help people to make better lifestyle choices. In the UK, for example, smoking is now banned in all workplaces, and it is even prohibited for people to smoke in restaurants, bars and pubs. As a result, many people who used to smoke socially have now given up. At the same time, the government has ensured that cigarette prices keep going up, and there have been several campaigns to highlight the health risks of smoking. These measures have also helped to reduce the number of smokers in this country. You need to simplify it by focusing on just 2 or 3 examples from your list. For example, just do a paragraph about the Internet and one about globalisation. You only have 40 minutes and they don't expect you to write anything special - just write a simple, clear essay with logical arguments.

Question: Who is better to carry out scientific research? Governments or large companies? Part of the model essay: The government has a crucial role to play in scientific research. Firstly, corporations are always in constant pursuit of maximum profit at the lowest possible cost. As a consequence, corporate scientific research, if left unfettered, often compromises ethics for the sake of shareholder wealth. Shall I write like this to achieve a band-8 or 9?

Would you be able to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering? Here are some ideas - Genetic engineering is the practice of manipulating the genes of an organism. - It is used to produce crops that are more resistant to insects and diseases. - Some genetically modified crops grow more quickly. - Some drugs and vaccines are produced by genetic engineering. - It may become possible to change a person's genetic characteristics. - Scientists may use genetic engineering to cure diseases. - Inherited illnesses would no longer exist. - Genes could be changed before a baby is born. - It could also be possible to clone human organs. - We could have replacement body parts. - Humans could live longer, healthier lives. As you can see, I've only listed the advantages. Can you think of any disadvantages?

Many people believe that parents are not as close to their children as they used to be. Suggest some reasons why this could be true. Here is an example paragraph about the above topic: Parents and their children seem to be less close nowadays. Perhaps the main reason for this is that both parents often work full-time and therefore spend less time with their children. Whereas women traditionally stayed at home to cook, clean and look after children, many mothers now choose to work or are forced to do so. This means that children may be left alone, or with nannies or babysitters. Busy parents have less contact with their children and less energy to enjoy family activities. Many families no longer eat meals together, and children are given the freedom to go out with friends, watch television or chat on the Internet for hours. Please note: A full IELTS question would also ask you to suggest how families could become closer. I want to talk about the suggestions that can make families become closer. The best way to tackle this problem would be that one of the parents quits his or her job to look after the children. However, it may not be practical for every family due to various financial needs. In this case, they should at least spend more time with their children at weekends. For example, eating meals together, taking them to Disneyland or a family walking alongside the beach could serve to build up a closer relationship between parents and children. Alternatively, mobile phones can play a significant role in helping children and parents stay closer. By using this

real-time communication device, parents can have a better idea what their kids are doing when they are left alone. Meanwhile, children would be able to reach their parents whenever they are in need. In my opinion, the reasons why currently parents are becoming less close with their children are: 1. The pressure comes from social competences in modern society, people need to work hard to live, so that they have less leisure time than before to stay with their children. 2. With the fast developing of education system, people now have more opportunities than before to enrol into the higher education such as college and university, those institutions need students to study far from their hometown, thus children has less chances to live with their parents. (This reason might not appropriate? Can those colleges students still be called 'children'?) 3. Might due to the modern communication techniques? Such as E-mail, mobiles, and video chatting, children doesn't need to be as close to their parents as before to enable the family links. For example, rather than come to home, lots of teenagers who live in different cities with their parents prefer to keep contact with their parents using internet, such as Skype or MSN.

There has been a topic like this: People in the same family are not as close as before. Some people think we should return to traditional family values, but others think this would lead to many problems. Discuss. I agree that "traditional family values" is a confusing phrase. It could mean all kinds of different things for different people and cultures. On the other hand, this is a nice question because it allows you to choose what family values you discuss. For example, you could use the ideas in my paragraph above to talk about the changing roles of men and women in the family. You could then write about the opposite side of the argument - that it is important to look to the future rather than the past i.e. we shouldn't return to a time when women had to stay at home. You could even disagree with the idea that families are not as close as they used to be, or you could argue that modern methods of transport and communication have been responsible for putting more distance between families - it is not a problem caused by a change in values.

We have been living in the nuclear age now for over half a century. Since the first atomic bombs were developed, nuclear technology has provided governments with the ability to totally destroy the planet. Yet the technology has been put to positive use as an energy source and in certain areas of medicine. To what extent is nuclear technology a danger to life on Earth? What are the benefits and risks associated with its use?

This is basically an 'advantages and disadvantages' essay. Here's a simple introduction: The use of nuclear technology has been the subject of great debate in recent years. This essay will discuss both the positive applications and the dangers of this technology. Just keep it simple, then you can start your main body paragraphs.

Some people believe that it is wrong to keep animals in zoos, while others think that zoos are both entertaining and ecologically important. Discuss both views.

Here are some (band 7 or higher) vocabulary ideas. I've organised the vocabulary according to different perspectives. Positives of keeping animals in zoos: 1. Environmental perspective: Zoos play an important role in wildlife conservation. They help to protect endangered species. They allow scientists to study animal behaviour. 2. Economic perspective: Zoos employ large numbers of people. They provide job opportunities and income for the local area. The money raised can be used for conservation projects. 3. Personal perspective: Zoos are interesting, educational and fun. They make a great day out for families. Children learn to appreciate wildlife and nature. Negatives of zoos: 1. Environmental perspective: Zoos are artificial environments. Animals lose their instinct to hunt for food. It would be better to save endangered species by protecting their natural habitats. 2. Moral perspective: Keeping animals in cages is unethical. We have no right to use animals for entertainment. Zoos exhibit animals with the aim of making a profit. Thinking about topics from different perspectives is a useful technique. It helps you to generate a variety of interesting ideas. I used this technique when thinking of ideas for my ebook, and I encourage my students to use it when planning their essays.

Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion" Introduction: "Top successful athletes are among the richest people in the world with high income and luxurious gifts from their sponsors. While many people think of this as unfair, I firmly believe that those athletes deserve the money they are paid."

SSS Many students find the following question difficult (Cambridge IELTS 4, page 55): Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?         

Happiness means different things to different people. It can be described as a feeling of pleasure or enjoyment. People enjoy spending time with family and friends. Hobbies, sports and games can be a source of fun and enjoyment. Some people see money as a source of happiness. Other people define happiness as something deeper. They need to feel that they are doing something useful with their lives. Some people get a sense of achievement from their work. Others find happiness in bringing up their children.

Try expanding on these idea to write a full essay. Remember to use examples from your experience; this is the best way to develop an idea.

SSS More and more people are migrating to cities in search of a better life, but city life can be extremely difficult. Explain some of the difficulties of living in a city. How can governments make urban life better for everyone? Here are some band 7 vocabulary ideas from my ebook for describing city problems:          

Life in cities has its drawbacks. The cost of living is higher than in rural areas. Housing is usually much more expensive. Homelessness and poverty are common in cities. There is a gap between the rich and poor. Life in cities can be extremely stressful. There are problems like traffic congestion and crime. Cities lack a sense of community. People do not even know their neighbours. Cities are sometimes described as “concrete jungles”.

Can you suggest any solutions to these problems? Watch yesterday's video for some ideas. 1; encourge residents in rural areas to continue living there by improving the infrastructure ,sanitation, and transportation in that places. 2, provide different kinds of jobs in these areas to prevent moving to cities for seeking work. 3, more plans to organise the cities lives.

1/introduction: it is true that the population is moving from remote communes to modern cities as the process of urbanization.This has caused remarkable numbers of problems which government should involve in to solve. 2/Main Body 1: -Briefly explain why people want to live in a big city. for instant, I would write: People coming from rural area want to have a higher standard of living which includes more advanced healthcare system and technology, better education, higher income, more comfortable life. -This trend of population movement has been creating several problems (like your mentioned pointed)

3/Main Body 2: To settle down all of listed difficulties rising from urbanization, government should encourage the local people to stay at their homeland by improve the local standard of living by investment more in healthcare system and technology, establishing more pretigious shools, creating more jobs for local people. 4.Comclusion: Exsiting along with undeniable benefits of urbannization, there are several of its drawbacks that the authorities should take proper actions to tackle. I wonder if I can split my 1st body para into 2 paragraphs: 1 for why people move to city, 1 for drawbacks of such movement. This looks good. You don't need to split the first main body paragraph - most of it should be about the problems of city life, so don't waste too much time/space explaining why people come to cities.

Is this a right introduction, sir? It is certainly true that more people are attracted towards cities in order to have better lifestyles. However, this trend has resulted much problem. There are a number of reasons why life is

challenging, and to make sure that people have better lifestyles, certain effective measures could be taken into an account.

More and more students are choosing to study at colleges and universities in a foreign country. Do the benefits of studying abroad outweigh the drawbacks? Benefits of studying abroad:      

Many students travel abroad to study at a prestigious university. The best universities employ lecturers who are experts in their fields. Qualifications gained abroad can open doors to better job opportunities. Living in a foreign country can broaden students' horizons. Overseas students are exposed to different cultures and customs. They can immerse themselves in a language.

Drawbacks of studying abroad:      

Living away from home can be challenging. Students have problems with paperwork such as visa applications. The language barrier can cause difficulties. Students have to find accommodation and pay bills. Many students feel homesick and miss their families. Some students experience culture shock. Which of the words or phrases above do you think would be considered band 7 or higher?

SSS The money spent by governments on space programmes would be better spent on vital public services such as schools and hospitals. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Planning your answer: 1. First you need to decide what your opinion is. Will you agree, disagree, or try to present a balanced opinion? Which would be easier? 2. Then you need to decide how to organise the essay. How many paragraphs will you write, and what will each paragraph be about? 3. Finally, you need to plan some ideas (good vocabulary) to support your opinion. I looked at this question with one of my classes. Here is our essay plan: OVERALL ANSWER: We decided that it would be easier to agree with the question statement. STRUCTURE: We wrote 4 paragraphs. - Introduction: introduce the topic of government spending, then agree with the statement. - One paragraph explaining why space programmes are a bad idea (too expensive, don't directly benefit most people) - One paragraph explaining the importance of spending money on public services that benefit everyone. - Conclusion: repeat the opinion that governments should spend on public services rather than space projects.

SSS Some people think that in the modern world we have become more dependent on each other, while others think that people are now more independent. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. First view: we have become more dependent

   

Life is more difficult and expensive, and we are less self-sufficient Young people rely on their parents for longer Unemployed people receive state benefits Our jobs are much more specialised, and we need to work in teams

Second view: we are more independent    

We rely on machines more than we depend on each other The Internet allows us to solve problems without needing help Families are more dispersed, and therefore provide less support Education gives us the freedom to make our own choices

By linking these points together and supporting them with examples, you could easily write two good paragraphs.

SSS Some people believe that the range of technology available to individuals today is increasing the gap between rich people and poor people, while others say that technology has the opposite effect. Discuss both views and give your opinion. I'd write a 4-paragraph essay: 1. 2. 3. 4.

Introduction: introduce the topic and give your view One view The other view (that you agree with) Conclusion: repeat your view

Some ideas: Technology could increase the gap between rich and poor. Rich people have smartphones, laptops, wireless broadband Internet etc. People in developed countries can now work from home or from anywhere in the world. They can do their shopping online and have things delivered to their homes. Technology improves their quality of life. On the other hand, many people in poorer countries, who did not have normal telephones, now have mobile phones. Also, the Internet is spreading to all parts of the world. In the past, only people in developed countries had access to world-class libraries, but now the Internet gives everyone access to the same information. This will lead to greater equality.

Animals - http://www.ieltsbuddy.com/ielts-writing-questions.html Blood sports have become a hot topic for debate in recent years. As society develops it is increasingly seen as an uncivilized activity and cruel to the helpless animals that are killed. All blood sports should be banned.

Discuss the main arguments for this statement and give your own opinion. Culture As only a small percentage of people have an interest in the Arts, government funding for this is a waste of money. Spending this money on health and education would be far more beneficial to society.

To what extent do you agree? ______________________________ It is inevitable that as technology advances, traditional cultures will be lost. It seems that we cannot have these two things together.

To what extent do you agree or disagree? ______________________________ There are many types of music in the world today. Why do we need music? Is the traditional music of a country more important and should it be preserved or is international music that is heard everywhere nowadays more useful to a society?

Education Education is not a luxury, but a basic human right and as such should be free for everyone irrespective of personal wealth.

Do you agree or disagree? ______________________________ Some people think that children's free time must include educational activities otherwise they will waste their time.

What is your opinion? ______________________________ Formal examinations are the only effective way to assess a student's performance. Continual assessment such as course work and projects is not a satisfactory way to do this.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Environment Developed countries have created many environmental problems in the World, particularly in their contribution to global warming.

What can be done to reduce the dangers of global warming? ______________________________

Global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today. What are the causes of global warming and what measures can governments and individuals take to tackle the issue? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. Probably the most worrying threat to our planet at the present time is global warming. This essay will examine the reasons why global warming is occurring and discuss some possible solutions. The predominant factors resulting in the warming of the earth are the emissions of CO2 and deforestation. CO2, which damages the ozone layer, comes from several sources, but the most problematic are those coming from the

burning of fossil fuels from power plants. This releases thousands of tones of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. Another cause of these emissions is the burning of gasoline for transportation, which continues to increase because of our demand for cars and also our increasing worldwide consumption, resulting in an increasing need to transport goods. Also, forests store large amounts of carbon, so deforestation is causing larger amounts of CO2 to remain in the atmosphere. Nevertheless, there are potential ways to solve these problems, or at least reduce the effects. Firstly, governments need to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and promote alternatives. Plant-derived plastics, biodiesel, wind power and solar power are all things that are a step in the right direction, but governments need to enforce the limits on CO2 emissions for the polluting industries in their countries for these to be effective. Also, individuals can play a part by making lifestyle changes. People should try to buy cars with the best fuel economy, and only use their car when really necessary. They can also switch to energy companies that use renewable energy rather than fossil fuels. Finally, small things like buying energy efficient light bulbs, turning off electricity in the house, and planting trees in the garden can help. To conclude, although global warming is a serious issue, there are steps that governments and individuals can take to reduce its effects. If we are to save our planet, it is important that this is treated as a priority for all concerned. (320 Words) Logging of the rain forests is a serious problem and it may lead to the extinction of animal life and human life. Discuss.

Health The percentage of overweight children in western society has increased by almost 20% in the last ten years.

Discuss the causes and effects of this disturbing trend. View a model answer for this question ______________________________ Eating a balanced diet is the most important factor for a healthy life.

To what extent do you agree? ______________________________ Many of the medical problems that people are experiencing in today's world are due to the fact that we have a very sedentary lifestyle.

To what extent to you agree? ______________________________ Stress is now a major problem in many countries around the world.

What are some of the factors in modern society that cause this stress, and how can we reduce it? ______________________________ Smoking not only harms the smoker, but also those who are nearby. Therefore, smoking should be banned in public places.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

______________________________

Media Are famous people treated unfairly by the media? Should they be given more privacy, or is the price of their fame an invasion into their private lives? ______________________________ These days, we are seeing an increasing amount of violence on television, and this is having a negative impact on children's behaviour. Do you agree or disagree?

Society Nowadays, families are not as close as in the past and a lot of people have become used to this.

Explain the reasons for this and discuss any possible effects it may have on society. ______________________________ Smokers have rights too, so they should be allowed to smoke in public places.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? ______________________________ Levels of youth crime are increasing rapidly in most cities around the world.

What are the reasons for this, and suggest some solutions. View a model answer for this question ______________________________ There is an increasing trend around the world to have a small family rather than a large family.

What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of having a small family rather than a large family? Technology People use computers when they work or go banking, but some argue that it will make people isolated and decrease their social skills.

To what extent do you agree with this viewpoint? ______________________________ Some people think that computers are more of a hindrance than a help in today's society. Others believe that they are such indispensable tools that they would not be able to live or work without them.

Discuss both opinions and give your opinion. ______________________________

Nowadays many people have access to computers on a wide basis and a large number of children play computer games.

What are the negative and positive impacts of playing computer games and what can be done to minimize the bad effects? View a model answer for this question ______________________________ Do you think that modern technology, such as the internet and computers will ever replace the book or the written word as the main source of information?

Science Genetic engineering is an important issue in modern society. Some people think that it will improve people's lives in many ways. Others feel that it may be a threat to life on earth.

Discuss both opinions and give your opinion?

A lot of IELTS Writing questions ask you to give opinions about what governments should do in relation to an issue. Governments can have an influence on almost everything: environment, crime, television, advertising, work etc. As part of your IELTS preparation, you should think about what governments can do in relation to IELTS topics.        

Governments provide public services like healthcare and education. They introduce new laws. They raise money by taxing working people. They can spend money on campaigns to educate people. They can raise people's awareness of issues. They can create new jobs. They can provide resources for schools, hospitals etc. They can support people who are living in poverty or unable to work.

So, if the question asks you to suggest what governments should do to reduce obesity, you could write this: "In my opinion, governments should spend money on campaigns to educate people about the importance of regular exercise and a healthy diet. Perhaps they should also introduce new laws to ban the advertising of junk food to children." Think about some other IELTS topics. What do you think governments should do? They can take more effective measures to eliminate the gap between poor and rich. They can revise the laws to keep pace with the times. They can import advanced technologies and cultures to make their people live a better life, and export their own things to share with other people all around the world. The government can serves as a bridge for the communication between people of different nationalities.

1-encourage and support small individual's projects. 2-provide more vacant work places. 3-enhance banks to loan people money for good things such as farming, getting a house .

Despite huge improvements in healthcare, the overall standard of physical health in many developed countries is now falling. What could be the reason for this trend, and what can be done to reverse it? Here's an example introduction for cause-effect-solution types. Health problems such as obesity, diabetes and heart disease are becoming more widespread in parts of the developed world. There are several reasons for this problem, and various measures could be taken by governments and individuals to improve the situation.

Here is a paragraph about causes of poor health: Lifestyle is a major cause of poor health in developed countries. Most people now travel by car rather than walking, and machines now perform many traditional manual jobs. As a result, people tend to work in offices where little physical activity is required. At home, people are also less active; most adults relax by watching television, while children play video games rather than doing outdoor sports. Technology has therefore made our lives more comfortable but perhaps less healthy. Can you suggest any solutions to these lifestyle problems? 1- Sports activities in school should be encouraged 2- government should explain the dangers of a lazy lifestyle". 3- special manual activities at home like gardening should be encouraged

My answers to your question are stated as follows: Reasons: 1) Competition at work, stress at work, tired at work - hence no proper meals - e.g. fast food or skip meal hence do not have balance diet 2) No time to exercise even the gym facility is in the office. they are too busy, workerholic.. 4)lack of wisdom in juggling job promotion and healthy lifestyle What can be done: 1)government promotes healthy lifestyle - encourage people to eat balance diet and regular exercise and annual medical checkup 2)company promote work life balance culture - family days events, work from home arrangment 3)self awareness and self responsibility of own health. For example: 1.diet: External：National governments are responsible for the quality and safety of food in the market, they should take effective steps to make sure that public heath will not be damaged by polluted or expired food. Internal: Individuals should choose more suitable food according to their own physical conditions, and retain a kind of good

eating habit for long term. 2.Pressure: External: Governments should introduce more strict laws to force factories and companies not to preoccupy employees’ leisure time, in the meantime, create more entertaining and meaningful activities to distract people’s attention from hectic pace of daily life. Internal: We should have positive and upbeat attitudes toward our lives, no matter what hardships and intense pressure we have, we should always keep smiling and calm. 3.Environment: External: By common consent, polluted air and water is the root cause of some diseases. So, we should exert ourselves to protect our environment from being polluted more deeply, not just stay on propaganda. Internal: We can benefit from clean and hygeian habits, such as non-smoking, non-alcoholic, periodic cleaning for our places, etc.

MY OPINIONS: Causes: -Environmental pollution do harm to individual's health. -People like driving car instead of walking. -Advanced technologies make us lack of activities. -Too much work pressures exert negative impact on our bodies. -Food additives are overused nowadays. Solutions: -Government should take action to protect environment. -Healthy lifestyle like balanced diet and regular exercise should be encouraged. -Companies should allow their employees to have enough time to finish their meals and also set up a gym room in the office. -Authorities should introduce laws to regulate the usage of food additives.