INGLÉS Teresa Vaello Reos María Vicenta Llorca Llorca Mayte Calatayud Puerto
Supuestos prácticos Secundaria
Supuestos prácticos de
INGLÉS SECUNDARIA Teresa Vaello Reos Vicenta María Llorca Llorca Maite Calatayud Puerto
Última edición 2017 Autoras: Teresa Vaello Reos, Vicenta María Llorca Llorca y Maite Calatayud Puerto Maquetación: Raquel Garzón Montagut y Jessica Sánchez Gavilán Edita: Educàlia Editorial Imprime: Servicecom ISBN: 978-84-946884-2-3 Depòsit Legal: V-739-2017 Printed in Spain/Impreso en España. Todos los derechos reservados. No está permitida la reimpresión de ninguna parte de este libro, ni de imágenes ni de texto, ni tampoco su reproducción, ni utilización, en cualquier forma o por cualquier medio, bien sea electrónico, mecánico o de otro modo, tanto conocida como los que puedan inventarse, incluyendo el fotocopiado o grabación, ni está permitido almacenarlo en un sistema de información y recuperación, sin el permiso anticipado y por escrito del editor. Alguna de las imágenes que incluye este libro son reproducciones que se han realizado acogiéndose al derecho de cita que aparece en el artículo 32 de la Ley 22/18987, del 11 de noviembre, de la Propiedad intelectual. Educàlia Editorial agradece a todas las instituciones, tanto públicas como privadas, citadas en estas páginas, su colaboración y pide disculpas por la posible omisión involuntaria de algunas de ellas. Educàlia Editorial, S.L. Avda. de les Jacarandes, 2, loft 327 - 46100 Burjassot Tel: 960 624 309 - 963 768 542 - 610 900 111 E-mail:
[email protected] www.e-ducalia.com
ÍNDICE
(PARTE 1: Teresa Vaello Reos,Vicenta María Llorca Llorca
EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS OPOSICIONES SECUNDARIA INGLÉS 1. The Physician by Noah Gordon ................................................................................. 8 2. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by JK Rowling .............................................. 13 3. Wuthering Heights by E. Brönte .................................................................................. 17 4. The Girl with a Pearl Earring by Tracy Chevalier ...................................................... 20 5. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur Golden .................................................................... 24 6. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley ..................................................................................... 27 7. Moby Dick by Herman Melville .................................................................................. 30 8. Gulliver’s travels by Jonathan Swift ........................................................................... 33 9. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald ................................................................... 37 10. Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen ......................................................................... 40 11. Robin Hood by Henry Gilbert ..................................................................................... 44 12. Dracula by Bram Stoker .............................................................................................. 48
SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS OPOSICIONES SECUNDARIA INGLÉS 1. The Physician by Noah Gordon .................................................................................. 56 2. Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone by JK Rowling ...............................................59 3. Wuthering Heights by E. Brönte ...................................................................................62 4. The Girl with a Pearl Earring by Tracy Chevalier ....................................................... 64 5. Memoirs of a Geisha by Arthur Golden ..................................................................... 67 6. Frankenstein by Mary Shelley ...................................................................................... 69 7. Moby Dick by Herman Melville ................................................................................... 72 8. Gulliver’s travels by Jonathan Swift ............................................................................ 74 9. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald .................................................................... 78 10. Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen ......................................................................... 80 11. Robin Hood by Henry Gilbert ...................................................................................... 83 12. Dracula by Bram Stoker ............................................................................................... 86
TRADUCCIÓN TEXTOS CLÁSICOS 1. Drácula de Bram stoker ............................................................................................... 92 2. El Príncipe y el Mendigo de Mark Twain .................................................................... 93 3. El Retrato de Dorian Gray de Oscar Wilde ............................................................... 94 4. El libro de la Selva de Rudyard Kipling ...................................................................... 95 5. La Letra Escarlata de Nathaniel Hawthorne .............................................................96 6. La Máscara de la Muerte Roja de Edgar Allan Poe ................................................ 97 7. Canción de Navidad de Charles Dickens ................................................................ 98 8. Retrato de una Dama de Henry James .................................................................... 99 9. El Gran Gatsby de F. Scott Fitzgerald ........................................................................ 100 10. Soneto 18 de William Shakespeare ............................................................................ 101 11. Moby Dick de Herman Melville ...................................................................................102 12. Los Viajes de Gulliver de Jonathan Swift ................................................................... 103 13. Frankenstein de Mary Shelley ..................................................................................... 104 14. El Gran Gatsby de F. Scott Fitzgerald ........................................................................ 105 15. Orgullo y Prejuicio de Jane Austen ............................................................................ 106 16. Robinson Crusoe de Daniel Defoe ............................................................................. 108
(PARTE 2: Maite Calatayud Puerto
ÍNDICE
EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS OPOSICIONES SECUNDARIA INGLÉS 1. Google’s Satellite timelapses show the inconvenient truth about out place ...............110 2. King tide flooding a preview of the daily norm we can expect ...……….......................113 3. How to survive a plague ............................................................………...............................116 4. Is this the most liveable city in the world ............................................................................119 5. You need need to go back to school to relearn english .....……….................................122 6. Boxing day ..……………………………………………………………............…........................125 7. Nato review ..…………………………………………………………..........................…............128 8. Donald Trump’s Victory speech ......……………………………….....................................…131 9. King George’s speech ...…………………………………………………..................................134 10. Some medical treatments are pointless ..…………………...................................…..........136 11. Veganism ...……………………………………………………………...............…............……...138 12. Are you too old to find sucess? ...........................................................................................141 13. Your private medical data ir for sale ...........…………….....................……............…….....144
SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS OPOSICIONES SECUNDARIA INGLÉS 1. Google’s Satellite timelapses show the inconvenient truth about out place ...............148 2. King tide flooding a preview of the daily norm we can expect ...……….......................149 3. How to survive a plague ............................................................………...............................150 4. Is this the most liveable city in the world ............................................................................151 5. You need need to go back to school to relearn english .....……….................................153 6. Boxing day ..……………………………………………………………............…........................154 7. Nato review ..…………………………………………………………..........................…............156 8. Donald Trump’s Victory speech ......……………………………….....................................…157 9. King George’s speech ...…………………………………………………..................................158 10. Some medical treatments are pointless ..…………………...................................…..........159 11. Veganism ...……………………………………………………………...............…............……...161 12. Are you too old to find sucess? ...........................................................................................162 13. Your private medical data ir for sale ...........…………….....................……............…….....164
TRADUCCIÓN TEXTOS CLÁSICOS 1. El Amigo Fiel, de Oscar Wilde .............................................................................................168 2. El Corazón Delator, de Edgar Allan Poe ..........................................……….......................169 3. Lazarillo de Tormes ......................................................................………...............................170 4. Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos ............................................................171 5. Constitución de los Estados Unidos .........................................……….................................172 6. Si, de Rudyard Kipling ..........…………………………………………............…........................174 7. Cuento de Navidad, de Charles Dickens ...……………………..........................….............176 8. El Gigante Egoísta, de Oscar Wolde .....…………………………......................................…179 9. Romeo y Juliera, de William Shakespeare. Huerto de los Capuleto ...............................180 10. Diario Oficial de la Unión Europea ............…………………...................................…...........183 11. Mi Ciudad de me deja Dormir .……………………………………...............….............……...184 12. Día de Acción de Gracias ....................................................................................................185 13. La Princesa y el Guisante ...............................…………….....................…….............…….....186
Supuestos prácticos de
INGLÉS SECUNDARIA PARTE 1 Teresa Vaello Reos Vicenta María Llorca Llorca
EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
1. The Physician by Noah Gordon Read carefully the following text and answer the questions about it: “Let us catch some breakfast”, he said as they washed the dirt from their faces and hands. He cut two willow poles and got hooks and line from the wagon. From the shaded place behind the seat he pulled out a box. “This is our grasshopper box.” He said. “It is one of our duties to keep it filled”. He lifted the lid only far enough to allow Rob to stick his hands inside. Living things rustled away from Rob’s fingers, frantic and spiky, and he pulled one gently into his palm. When he withdrew his hand, keeping the wings folded between his thumb and forefinger, the insect’s legs scrabbled frantically. The four front legs were thin as hairs and the hind two were powerful and large-thighed, enabling it to be a hopper. Barber showed him how to slip the point of the hook just beneath the sort section of tough, ridged shell behind the head. “Not too deep or he’ll bleed molasses and die. Where have you fished?” “The Thames.” He prided himself on his ability as a fisher, for he and his father often had dangled worms in the broad river, depending on the fish to help feed the family during the unemployment. Barber grunted. “This is a different kind of fishing,” He said. “Leave the poles for a moment and get on your hands and knees” They crawled cautiously to a place overlooking the nearest pool and lay on their bellies. Rob thought the fat man daft. Four fish hung suspended in glass. “Small,” Rob whispered. “Best eating that size,” Barber said as they crept away from the bank. Your big river trouts are tough and oily. Did you note how these drifted near the head of the pool? They feed facing upstream, waiting for a juicy meal to fall in and come floating down. They’re wild and wary. If you stand next to the stream, they see you. If you tread strongly on the bank they feel your step and they scatter. That’s why you use the long pole. If you stand next back and lightly drop the hopper just above the pool, letting the flow carry it to the fish.” He watched critically as Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed. With a shock that travelled along the pole and sent excitement up into Rob’s arms, the unseen fish struck like a dragon. After that it was like fishing in the Thames. He waited patiently, giving the trout time to doom itself, and then raised the tip of the pole and set the hook as his father had taught him. When he pulled in the first flopping prize they admired its blood: the gleaming background like oiled walnut wood, the sleek sides splattered with rainbow reds, the black fins marked with warm orange...
The Physician by Noah Gordon 1. Give homophones from the text for the following words (state the line number): were would taut plaice dye sighs tuff
2. Give minimal pairs (from the first paragraph) for the following words: come for calm get thinks
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
3. Make a phonetic transcription of the following words: Thames
withdrew
wagon
beneath
grasshopper
tough
duties
leave
enough
cautiously
4. Give 6 examples of silent letters found in the text:
5. Give 10 verbs belonging to the lexical field of TYPES OF MOVEMENTS:
6. Give 3 verbs belonging to the lexical field of types of talking:
7. Give 5 words belonging to the lexical field of Nature: NATURE
8. Give 5 words from the text which refer to different parts of animals:
9. Give 7 words from the text which refer to different parts of a person’s body:
10. Give 6 words from the text which refer to the lexical field of types of animals:
11. Name a simile in the text and add two more:
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
12. Name a metaphor in the text and add two more:
13. Give one example of: Temporal deixis: Personal deixis: Place deixis: 14. Give a euphemism which can be substituted by “decease” or “expire”:
15. Classify the category of the words given in the text according to their word formation (prefixes, suffixes, compounds): unemployment excitement flopping grasshopper rainbow forefinger walnut frantically gleaming enabling
16. Give 5 examples from the text of prepositions of place:
17. Define the following expressions using your own words: pole
wagon
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS hook
living things
wings
bleed
to feed
juicy
18. Find the word or expressions from the text for these definitions: the thick short digit of the forelimb
an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun’s rays by rain
the feeling of lively and cheerful joy
a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth
organ of locomotion and balance in fishes and some other aquatic animals
19. Give examples of synonyms for the following words: skills
back
excited
to fish
bony
almighty
hidden
succulent
glossy
to supply
20. Give examples of antonyms for the following words: tame
Tiny
tender
Wide
weakly
shallow
empty
Cool
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS fat
Long
21. Give examples of connectors from the text and classify them:
22. Comment the following sentence from a morphosyntactic point of view: “he watched critically as rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed”
23. Complete the following sentences with words from the text: a. Mind your hands! I don’t want you …………….. the needle in your finger b. Ummm, it smells tasty when you’ve .................... from the pot. c. He is not a confident person. He is always.............. of running his own business. d. The city has been destroyed by a huge earthquake. It was a ............... and gloom
situation.
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 1 1. Give homophones from the text for the following words (state the line number): were
Where
would
Wood
taut
Taught
plaice
Place
dye
Die
sighs
Size
tuff
Tough
2. Give minimal pairs (from the first paragraph) for the following words: Come
Some
For
Four
Calm
Palm
Get
Got
Thinks
Things
3. Make a phonetic transcription of the following words: Thames
tɛmz
withdrew
wɪθdru
Wagon
ˈwæɡən
beneath
bɪˈniːθ
grasshopper
ˈɡrɑːshɒpə(r)
tough
tʌf
Duties
ˈdjuːtɪz
leave
liːv
Enough
ɪˈnʌf
cautiously
ˈkɔːʃəsli
4. Give 6 examples of silent letters found in the text: Some
knees
Allow
where
often
would
5. Give 10 verbs belonging to the lexical field of TYPES OF MOVEMENTS: to cut
Pulled
lifted
stick
withdrew
scrabbled
to slip
crawled
lay on
Crept
drift
fall
come
scatter
struck
6. Give 3 verbs belonging to the lexical field of types of talking: said
grunted
whispered
7. Give 5 words belonging to the lexical field of Nature: NATURE willow river bank stream fish
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
8. Give 5 words from the text which refer to different parts of animals: Fin
wings
head
legs
shell
9. Give 7 words from the text which refer to different parts of a person’s body: Faces
hands
fingers
palm
knees
thumb
bellies
forefinger
10. Give 6 words from the text which refer to the lexical field of types of animals: Insect
worms
grasshopper
trout
fish
dragon
11. Name a simile in the text and add two more: The four front legs were thin as hairs
12. Name a metaphor in the text and add two more: The unseen fish struck like a dragon. 13. Give one example of: Temporal deixis: “…breakfast” Personal deixis: “Barber, Rob” Place deixis: “the Thames” 14. Give a euphemism which can be substituted by “decease” or “expire”: “ to die” 15. Classify the category of the words given in the text according to their word formation (prefixes, suffixes, compounds):
excitement
noun that results adding the prefix un- to the noun employment forming its antonym noun that results adding the suffix –ment to the verb to excite
flopping
adjective that results from adding the suffix –ing to the verb to flop
grasshopper
compound noun
rainbow
compound noun
forefinger
compound noun
walnut
compound noun
frantically
adverbs that result from adding the suffix –ly to the adjective frantic
gleaming
adjective that results from adding the suffix –ing to the noun gleam
enabling
verb resulting from the prefix –en and the suffix –ing added to the verb to able
unemployment
16. Give 5 examples from the text of prepositions of place: Beneath
behind
Above
along
inside
17. 17. Define the following expressions using your own words: Pole
a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic.
Wagon
any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drwn by an animal or a tractor.
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
hook
a device that is curved or bent to suspend or hold or pull something.
living things
Insects
Wings
moveable organs for flying
Bleed
drain of liquid or stream
to feed
to provide food
Juicy
full of juice
18. Find the word or expressions from the text for these definitions: Thumb
the thick short digit of the forelimb
Rainbow
an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun’s rays by rain
excitement
the feeling of lively and cheerful joy
Stream
a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth
Fin
organ of locomotion and balance in fishes and some other aquatic animals
19. Give examples of synonyms for the following words: Skills
Abilities
back
hind
Excited
Frantic
to fish
to catch
Bony
Fat
almighty
powerful
Hidden
Unseen
succulent
juicy
Glossy
Sleek
to supply
to feed
20. Give examples of antonyms for the following words: Tame
Wild
tiny
colossal
Tender
Tough
wide
closed
Weakly
Strongly
shallow
deep
Empty
Filled
cool
warm
Fat
Thin
long
sort
21. Give examples of connectors from the text and classify them: For he: explicative When: temporal Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial sin permiso escrito del editor
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
22. Comment the following sentence from a morphosyntactic point of view: “HE WATCHED CRITICALLY AS ROB SWUNG THE GRASSHOPPER WHERE HE HAD DIRECTED” Temporal Subordinate clause Main clause: He watched critically Temporal subordinate clause: As Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed Place-Relative clause subordinate: Where he had directed Main clause: He watched critically Subject
he
Verb: Past simple tense
watched
Adverb of manner
critically
subordinate clause: As Rob swung the grasshopper where he had directed Temporal nexus
as
Subordinate subject
Rob
Verb: Past simple tense, irregular verb
swung
Object complement
The grasshopper
Place relative nexus
where
Subordinate subject
He
Verb: Past Perfect simple, regular verbs
Had directed
23. Complete the following sentences with words from the text: a. Mind your hands! I don’t want you …To stick... the needle in your finger b. Ummm, it smells tasty when you’ve ...Lifted the lid... from the pot. c. He is not a confident person. He is always...wary... of running his own business. The city has been destroyed by a huge earthquake. It was a ...Doom... and gloom situation.
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TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS
TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS
Drácula de Bram stoker En cuanto llegué a esta conclusión escuché pesados pasos que se acercaban detrás de la gran puerta, y vi a través de las grietas el brillo de una luz que se acercaba. Se escuchó el ruido de cadenas que golpeaban y el chirrido de pesados cerrojos que se corrían. Una llave giró haciendo el conocido ruido producido por el largo desuso, y la inmensa puerta se abrió hacia adentro. En ella apareció un hombre alto, viejo, limpiamente afeitado, a excepción de un largo bigote blanco, y vestido de negro de la cabeza a los pies, sin ninguna mancha de color en ninguna parte. Tenía en la mano una antigua lámpara de plata, en la cual la llama se quemaba sin globo ni protección de ninguna clase, lanzando largas y ondulosas sombras al fluctuar por la corriente de la puerta abierta. El anciano me hizo un gesto con su mano derecha, haciendo un gesto cortés y hablando en excelente inglés, aunque con una entonación extraña: - Bienvenido a mi casa. ¡Entre con libertad y por su propia voluntad! No hizo ningún movimiento para acercárseme, sino que permaneció inmóvil como una estatua, como si su gesto de bienvenida lo hubiese fijado en piedra. Sin embargo, en el instante en que traspuse el umbral de la puerta, dio un paso impulsivamente hacia adelante y, extendiendo la mano, sujetó la mía con una fuerza que me hizo retroceder, un efecto que no fue aminorado por el hecho de que parecía fría como el hielo; de que parecía más la mano de un muerto que de un hombre vivo. Dijo otra vez: - Bienvenido a mi casa. Venga libremente, váyase a salvo, y deje algo de la alegría que trae consigo. La fuerza del apretón de mano era tan parecida a la que yo había notado en el cochero, cuyo rostro no había podido ver, que por un momento dudé si no se trataba de la misma persona a quien le estaba hablando; así es que para asegurarme, le pregunté: - ¿El conde Drácula? Se inclinó cortésmente al responderme. - Yo soy Drácula; y le doy mi bienvenida, señor Harker, en mi casa. Pase; el aire de la noche está frío, y seguramente usted necesita comer y descansar.
Dracula by Bram stoker Just as I had come to this conclusion I heard a heavy step approaching behind the great door, and saw through the chinks the gleam of a coming light. Then there was the sound of rattling chains and the clanking of massive bolts drawn back. A key was turned with the loud grating noise of long disuse, and the great door swung back. Within, stood a tall old man, clean shaven save for a long white moustache, and clad in black from head to foot, without a single speck of colour about him anywhere. He held in his hand an antique silver lamp, in which the flame burned without a chimney or globe of any kind, throwing long quivering shadows as it flickered in the draught of the open door. The old man motioned me in with his right hand with a courtly gesture, saying in excellent English, but with a strange intonation. “Welcome to my house! Enter freely and of your own free will!” He made no motion of stepping to meet me, but stood like a statue, as though his gesture of welcome had fixed him into stone. The instant, however, that I had stepped over the threshold, he moved impulsively forward, and holding out his hand grasped mine with a strength which made me wince, an effect which was not lessened by the fact that it seemed cold as ice, more like the hand of a dead than a living man. Again he said. “Welcome to my house! Enter freely. Go safely, and leave something of the happiness you bring!” The strength of the handshake was so much akin to that which I had noticed in the driver, whose face I had not seen, that for a moment I doubted if it were not the same person to whom I was speaking. So to make sure, I said interrogatively, “Count Dracula?” He bowed in a courtly was as he replied, “I am Dracula, and I bid you welcome, Mr. Harker, to my house. Come in, the night air is chill, and you must need to eat and rest.”
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Supuestos prácticos de
INGLÉS SECUNDARIA PARTE 2 Maite Calatayud Puerto
EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
1. GOOGLE’S SATELLITE TIMELAPSES SHOW THE INCONVENIENT TRUTH ABOUT OUR PLANET The image of the Earth from space is so seared into human consciousness that it is hard to conceive what it was like to live without the picture of our planet as a blue sphere that we all now carry in our minds. The first photographs of the Earth’s surface seen from 100 miles were taken in 1947. By 1968, the famous Earthrise image photographed by the crew of Apollo 8 framed our planet as a beautiful oasis in black space. Today, stunning and intensely informative pictures of the Earth’s surface are being taken from space constantly: so comprehensively, for so long, that Google has now created timelapses that show three decades of change. It induces anxiety to watch, in just a few seconds, a desert in Saudi Arabia turn into a vast agribusiness complex, a lake in Bolivia vanish or cities grow spectacularly in China. History has become a car crash in speeded-up motion. We can see, in these timelapse satellite videos, how the Earth is being torn apart by human acts. We can also see, in timelapse videos of Arctic ice, great glaciers melt before our eyes. Yet, are human beings capable of assimilating such global perspectives or is our consciousness tragically limited to a pre-space age, even pre-Copernican mentality? Are people only capable of acting on immediate, personal and local concerns, even though images from space can show us the bigger picture? […] All the images of climate change, the timelapse videos of a crumbling Earth, the crash of glaciers, don’t apparently mean anything compared with the direct experiences people have in their own neighbourhoods. If a truth is inconvenient, ignore it. If you want to experience, directly, the gap between imagination and reality, science and common sense, that threatens our ability to act rationally to save the planet, just consider your smartphone. Walking down the street, I can see myself move on the screen of my phone, in a real-time, real-life link between myself and a network of satellites. Yet do we go around pondering this magic? No, and perhaps it even seems naive to do so. We just use the app to check how far we are from the meeting or pub we’re trying to get to. We are now a species in space, our lives as well as the health of our planet scanned by satellites. Globalisation is not abstract but a scientific reality that is made visible in these timelapse images of our changing world. Yet that knowledge somehow does not get into the depths of our psyches. The GPS in our smartphones and cars is an unfortunate metaphor for a crushing failure of human imagination. We literally refuse to engage with the dazzling global and extra-global nature of modern life. It’s all too complex, apparently. We are mentally imprisoned, unable to soar in our minds to see the Earth as a satellite can see it. And it’s killing us.
1. Summarize the text in no more than 80 words.
2. Give a synonym and an antonym word or expression for the following words from the text: seared into
torn apart
dazzling
soar
pondering
crushing
3. Write the phonetic transcription of the following words from the text: naive
globalisation
failure
depths
psyches
speed-up
4. Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb. a) I often use Wikipedia to_________________________information. b) If you want to_________________________a bus in London, you will have to queue. c) Can I_________________________the TV? I want to watch the weather forecast. d) It is very hard to_________________________smoking. e) It is so dark in here, you can really_________________________your sunglasses now. Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial sin permiso escrito del editor
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS f) Shall I_________________________and offer my seat to the old lady? g) With a few buckets of water, we_________________________the fire. h) Who will_________________________your cat when you’re on holiday? i) Would you like to_________________________your new dress today? j) At the next stop we have to_________________________the bus and________________________the street to the cinema.
5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap you can write between three and six words. a) If your sister didn’t work so hard, your family would starve! for Were it_________________________working so hard, your family would starve. b) Margaret told her daughter never to touch the vase. circumstances “Under_________________________this vase to be touched,” Margaret told her daughter. c) We get on well with both of Jack’s parents. terms We_________________________with both of Jack’s parents. d) If we could choose, we’d prefer to go to Paris. rather We’d_________________________Paris if given the choice. e) “Have you considered the cost of this project?” Elena asked. account Elena wanted to know if they had taken_________________________of the project. f) “You might have to drive a lot in this job,” Greg said to Kathy involve Greg told Kathy that the job_________________________of driving. g) The airline never said anything about having overbooked the plane. time At _________________________tell us they had overbooked the plane. h) If you left the bank at 3pm, it’s possible you saw the thief. have You may_________________________you were in the bank at 3pm.
6. For each space, choose ONE word which you think best completes the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space. a) In response to the question, Mary said that as_______________as she knew, the house was empty. b) I knew there were rabbits in the park, but I’ve never seen that_______________of them here before. c) I need the name of the person_______________car is parked right in front of mine. He’s completely blocking me! d) Go down to the building site quickly. There appears to_______________been a bad accident. e) We’ve now discovered you were the person who broke the door and in that_______________, we cannot be held responsible. f) This is a great book,_______________only for those that are geology experts, but also for keen amateurs like myself. g) I don’t like_______________type of spice, but pepper in particular, I can’t stand. h) I’ve read_______________single book you can see in this room. I think I read three books a week.
7. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful). 1. In___________________with an ancient tradition, dinner will be served on blue china. keep 2. It’___________________rare to see large sharks in the Mediterranean Sea. credible Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial sin permiso escrito del editor
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EJEMPLOS EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS 3. The royal wedding finished with a___________________8-course meal in the evening. majesty 4. Scientists used a simple beetle as the________________for their invention of a water-collecting bottle for hot climates. inspire 5. A group of powerful___________________invested in the new company and made a fortune. finance 6. Helen Weldon has been totally___________________an a historian after it was shown she invented quotations. credit 7. In your___________________, how much money do we need to save in order to buy the house? estimate 8. Parking in the city centre can be a major___________________due to the narrow streets. convenient
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS
SOLUCIONES EXAMEN PRÁCTICO 1 1. Summarize the text in no more than 80 words. Several possible answers.
2. Give a synonym and an antonym word or expression for the following words from the text: seared into
burnt in / unexploited in
torn apart devastated / preserved, protected
dazzling
impressive, stunning / unimpressive, ordinary
soar
ascend / descend
pondering
considering / ignoring
crushing
destructive, devastating / creative, improving
3. Write the phonetic transcription of the following words from the text: naive
/naɪˈiːv/
globalisation
/ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
failure
/ˈfeɪljə/
depths
/dɛpθs/
psyches
/ˈsaɪki(ː)z/
speed-up
/ˈspiːdʌp/
4. Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb. a) I often use Wikipedia to look up information. b) If you want to get on a bus in London, you will have to queue. c) Can I turn on the TV? I want to watch the weather forecast. d) It is very hard to give up smoking. e) It is so dark in here, you can really take off your sunglasses now. f) Shall I stand up and offer my seat to the old lady? g) With a few buckets of water, we put out the fire. h) Who will look after your cat when you’re on holiday? i) Would you like to put on your new dress today? j) At the next stop we have to get off the bus and walk along the street to the cinema.
5. Rewrite the following sentences using the word in bold so that the second sentence has the same meaning as the first. You cannot change the word in bold. In each gap you can write between three and six words. a) Were it not for your sister working so hard, your family would starve. b) “Under no circumstances is this vase to be touched,” Margaret told her daughter. c) We are on good terms with both of Jack’s parents. d) We’d rather go to Paris if given the choice. e) Elena wanted to know if they had taken into account the cost of the project. f) Greg told Kathy that the job might involve a lot of driving. g) At no time did the airline tell us they had overbooked the plane. h) You may have seen the thief if you were in the bank at 3pm.
6. For each space, choose ONE word which you think best completes the sentence. Look carefully at the words both before and after each space. a) In response to the question, Mary said that as far as she knew, the house was empty. b) I knew there were rabbits in the park, but I’ve never seen that many of them here before. c) I need the name of the person whose car is parked right in front of mine. He’s completely blocking me! d) Go down to the building site quickly. There appears to have been a bad accident. e) We’ve now discovered you were the person who broke the door and in that case, we cannot be held responsible. f) This is a great book, not only for those that are geology experts, but also for keen amateurs like myself. g) I don’t like any type of spice, but pepper in particular, I can’t stand. h) I’ve read every single book you can see in this room. I think I read three books a week.
7. For each question, fill the space in the sentence using the base word given in bold at the end. The required word may be a noun, adverb, adjective or verb and it may be either positive (e.g. helpful) or negative (e.g. unhelpful). Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial sin permiso escrito del editor
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SOLUCIONES EXÁMENES PRÁCTICOS a) In keeping with an ancient tradition, dinner will be served on blue china. b) It’ incredibly rare to see large sharks in the Mediterranean Sea. c) The royal wedding finished with a majestic 8-course meal in the evening. d) Scientists used a simple beetle as the inspiration for their invention of a water-collecting bottle for hot climates. e) A group of powerful financiers invested in the new company and made a fortune. f) Helen Weldon has been totally discredited an a historian after it was shown she invented quotations. g) In your estimation, how much money do we need to save in order to buy the house? h) Parking in the city centre can be a major inconvenience due to the narrow streets.
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TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS
TRADUCCIÓN DE TEXTOS CLÁSICOS
1. EL AMIGO FIEL, de Oscar Wilde Una mañana, la vieja rata de agua sacó la cabeza por su agujero. Tenía unos ojos redondos muy vivarachos y unos tupidos bigotes grises. Su cola parecía un largo elástico negro. Unos patitos nadaban en el estanque semejantes a una bandada de canarios amarillos, y su madre, toda blanca con patas rojas, esforzábase en enseñarles a hundir la cabeza en el agua. -No podréis ir nunca a la buena sociedad si no aprendéis a meter la cabeza -les decía. Y les enseñaba de nuevo cómo tenían que hacerlo. Pero los patitos no prestaban ninguna atención a sus lecciones. Eran tan jóvenes que no sabían las ventajas que reporta la vida de sociedad. -¡Qué criaturas más desobedientes! -exclamó la rata de agua- ¡Merecían ahogarse verdaderamente! -¡No lo quiera Dios! -replicó la pata-. Todo tiene sus comienzos y nunca es demasiada la paciencia de los padres. -¡Ah! No tengo la menor idea de los sentimientos paternos -dijo la rata de agua- No soy padre de familia. Jamás me he casado, ni he pensado en hacerlo. Indudablemente el amor es una buena cosa a su manera; pero la amistad vale más. Le aseguro que no conozco en el mundo nada más noble o más raro que una fiel amistad. -Y, dígame, se lo ruego, ¿qué idea se forma usted de los deberes de un amigo fiel? -preguntó un pardillo verde que había escuchado la conversación posado sobre un sauce retorcido. -Sí, eso es precisamente lo que quisiera yo saber -dijo la pata, y nadando hacia el extremo del estanque, hundió su cabeza en el agua para dar buen ejemplo a sus hijos. -¡Necia pregunta! -gritó la rata de agua-. ¡Como es natural, entiendo por amigo fiel al que me demuestra fidelidad! -¿Y qué hará usted en cambio? -dijo la avecilla columpiándose sobre una ramita plateada y moviendo sus alitas. -No le comprendo a usted -respondió la rata de agua. -Permitidme que les cuente una historia sobre el asunto -dijo el pardillo. -¿Se refiere a mí esa historia? -preguntó la rata de agua- Si es así, la escucharé gustosa, porque a mí me vuelven loca los cuentos. -Puede aplicarse a usted -respondió el pardillo. Y abriendo las alas, se posó en la orilla del estanque y contó la historia del amigo fiel.
1. THE DEVOTED FRIEND, by Oscar Wilde One morning the old Water-rat put his head out of his hole. He had bright beady eyes and stiff grey whiskers, and his tail was like a long bit of black india-rubber. The little ducks were swimming about in the pond, looking just like a lot of yellow canaries, and their mother, who was pure white with real red legs, was trying to teach them how to stand on their heads in the water. ‘You will never be in the best society unless you can stand on your heads,’ she kept saying to them; and every now and then she showed them how it was done. But the little ducks paid no attention to her. They were so young that they did not know what an advantage it is to be in society at all. ‘What disobedient children!’ cried the old Water-rat; ‘they really deserve to be drowned.’ ‘Nothing of the kind,’ answered the Duck, ‘every one must make a beginning, and parents cannot be too patient.’ ‘Ah! I know nothing about the feelings of parents,’ said the Water-rat; ‘I am not a family man. In fact, I have never been married, and I never intend to be. Love is all very well in its way, but friendship is much higher. Indeed, I know of nothing in the world that is either nobler or rarer than a devoted friendship.’ ‘And what, pray, is your idea of the duties of a devoted friend?’ asked a Green Linnet, who was sitting in a willowtree hard by, and had overheard the conversation. ‘Yes, that is just what I want to know,’ said the Duck, and she swam away to the end of the pond, and stood upon her head, in order to give her children a good example. ‘What a silly question!’ cried the Water-rat. ‘I should expect my devoted friend to be devoted to me, of course.’ ‘And what would you do in return?’ said the little bird, swinging upon a silver spray, and flapping his tiny wings. ‘I don’t understand you,’ answered the Water-rat. ‘Let me tell you a story on the subject,’ said the Linnet. ‘Is the story about me?’ asked the Water-rat. If so, I will listen to it, for I am extremely fond of fiction.’ ‘It is applicable to you,’ answered the Linnet; and he flew down, and alighting upon the bank, he told the story of The Devoted Friend.
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