Mud Pumps

 

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MU D PU MPS

20. MUD PUMPS HIGH PRESSURE MUD PUMPS20.1 PRINCIPLES - Duplex Pump / Triplex pump Hi-pressure mud pumps: In a Duplex Pump  the piston discharges mud on one side of the piston and atthe same time takes mud inon other side. In a Triplex Pump  thepiston discharges mud only when it moves forward inthe liner. In the Oilfield, duplex pumps have been replaced by triplex pumps.Triplex pumps of the same power, are smaller and lighter than duplex pumps. They also provide an uniform flow.

20.2 NOMENCLATURE Pistons Piston s are moved with a shaft by an electrical engi engine ne or a dieselengine. dieselengine. The p pump ump is divided in 2 pa parts: rts: - POWER END - FLUID END

POWER END - POWER END Schematic 1 api r i g r oup.com/mud_pumps.html

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- POWER END Schematic 2

- POWER END Schematic 3

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FLUID END - FLUID END Schematic 1

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- FLUID END Schematic 2

- Fluid end type " L"

20.3 TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS Performance Data - NATIONAL OILWELL OILWELL 10-P-1 10-P-130 30

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- NATIONAL OILWELL OILWELL 12-P-1 12-P-160 60

- NATIONAL OILWELL OILWELL 14-P-2 14-P-220 20

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- Type Typ e P Mud Pump Spe cifi cificatio cation n and Dimension Dimensions s

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20.4 ACCESSORIES

- Pulsation Dampeners - Function: Alternating movement of thepistons produces an irregular flux(See below).Pulsation dampener reducesvibrations of  pumps and lines(See below).

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- Installation examples

- Pulsation dampener on discharge line

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- Pulsation dampener on suction line

- PULSATION DAMPENER HYDRIL TYPE K - Characteristics Pulsation Dampeners are usually installed on discharge line.It is a bottle with a diaphragm inside and pre-charged withNitrogen at maximum 1000psi. It absorbs pressure variation variations, s, re duces pe ak p ressures, permits sligh slightly tly h high igher er p umpoutput umpoutput and increases d isch ischargelin argeline e life.

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- Movement and Components

- Pre ssure Relief Valve (Safety Valve) - Installation and Primary Purpose A pre ssure relief valve must be install installed ed in th the e discharge lin line e immediately beyond the p pump. ump. Its purpose is primarily to protect th the e pump and discharge line against extreme pressures that might occur when a bit becomes plugged. api r i g r oup.com/mud_pumps.html

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Pressure Relief Va Valve lve - Installat Installation ion

- Use of the Re lief Valve The relief valve should be used to limit the pressure in accordance with the pump manufacturer'srating for a given liner size. Pre ssure Re lie f Valve - Sche me

Safe ty Valve s

- Pump Stroke Counter 20.5 FLOW RATE AND EFFICIENCY CALCULATION - Theoretical Flowrate

where Pt = theoretical flow rate (l/min) api r i g r oup.com/mud_pumps.html

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D = Liner diameter in mm L = Length of stroke in mm Vliq = Output volume per stroke SPM = strokes per minute- EfficiencyReal flow rate must be calculated with the pump efficiency, which varies according to the state ofthe ofthe valves, the supercharging and the type of flui fluid.In d.In the best case it is 0.98 for a supercharged triplex pump.Usuall pump.Usually ya normal average is between 0.95 - 0.97 20.6 20. 6 POWER AND EFFICI EFFICIENCY ENCY CALCU CALCULATIO LATION N

where Pt = Real Flow rate (theoretical flow rate x efficiency) HHP = Hydraulic power in HP P = output pressure in kg/cm2 - Efficiency Real flow rate must be calculated with the pump efficiency.Usually efficiency is between E = 0.95 - 0.97 LOW PRESSURE MUD PUMPS (Centrifugal Pump) 20.7 FUNCTION - Centrifugal pumps Centrifugal pumps have an important role on drilling rigs.They are used to: - Feed the degasser, desander desilter, mud cleaner, trip tank - Supercharge mud pumps - Mix mud

- Transfer mud

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- Total head and Output pressure Total head stays the same . Output pressure chang changes es - Pressure gage readings

- Pressure gage and Mud weight

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20.8 NOMENCLATURE

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20.9 PUMP PERFORMA PERFORMANCE NCE CURVES - Performance Curve 1

- Performance Curve 2

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- Performance Curve 3

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