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MALAYSIAN STANDARD
MS 1462-2-3:2011 (CONFIRMED:2015)
Metal scaffolding - Part 2: Tubular (tube and coupler) scaffolds - Section 3: Specification for steel and aluminium couplers, fitting and accessories
ICS: 91.220 Descriptors: scaffolds, scaffolding components, couplers (scaffolding), scaffolding fixing components, temporary structures, falsework, construction equipment, steels, aluminium, design, strength of materials, classification systems, designations, mechanical testing NOTE. This MS has been reviewed by the responsible committee and confirmed that its contents are current
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© Copyright 2015 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA
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The main function of STANDARDS MALAYSIA is to foster and promote standards, standardisation and accreditation as a means of advancing the national economy, promoting industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of the public, protecting the consumers, facilitating domestic and international trade and furthering international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation. Malaysian Standards (MS) are developed through consensus by committees which comprise balanced representation of producers, users, consumers and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject at hand. To the greatest extent possible, Malaysian Standards are aligned to or are adoption of international standards. Approval of a standard as a Malaysian Standard is governed by the Standards of Malaysia Act 1996 [Act 549]. Malaysian Standards are reviewed periodically. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in so far as they are made mandatory by regulatory authorities by means of regulations, local by-laws or any other similar ways. For the purposes of Malaysian Standards, the following definitions apply: Revision: A process where existing Malaysian Standard is reviewed and updated which resulted in the publication of a new edition of the Malaysian Standard. Confirmed MS: A Malaysian Standard that has been reviewed by the responsible committee and confirmed that its contents are current. Amendment: A process where a provision(s) of existing Malaysian Standard is altered. The changes are indicated in an amendment page which is incorporated into the existing Malaysian Standard. Amendments can be of technical and/or editorial nature. Technical corrigendum: A corrected reprint of the current edition which is issued to correct either a technical error or ambiguity in a Malaysian Standard inadvertently introduced either in drafting or in printing and which could lead to incorrect or unsafe application of the publication. NOTE: Technical corrigenda are not to correct errors which can be assumed to have no consequences in the application of the MS, for example minor printing errors.
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MS 1462-2-3:2011
Committee representation
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The Industry Standards Committee on Building, Construction and Civil Engineering (ISC D) under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was adopted, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Department of Irrigation and Drainage Department of Standards Malaysia Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers Jabatan Bekalan Air Jabatan Kerajaan Tempatan Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Kementerian Perumahan dan Kerajaan Tempatan Malaysian Timber Industry Board Master Builders Association Malaysia Ministry of International Trade and Industry Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) The Chartered Institute of Building Malaysia The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
The Technical Committee on Steel Products which supervised the adoption of the EN Standard as Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia Malaysian Iron and Steel Industry Federation Malaysian Structural Steel Association Master Builders Association Malaysia SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) SIRIM QAS International Sdn Bhd Universiti Malaya Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Universiti Teknologi MARA
The Working Group on Tubular and Prefabricated Scaffolding which recommended the adoption of the EN Standard as Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Concrete Society Malaysia Department of Occupational Safety and Health Malaysia F.D Industrial Supplies Sdn Bhd Huatraco Marketing Sdn Bhd Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia PMB Quick Access Sdn Bhd SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat) Southern Pipe Industry (M) Sdn Bhd SUMI-Tech Industrial Supplies Sdn Bhd Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Malaya Universiti Teknologi MARA
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2011 - All rights reserved
i
MS 1462-2-3:2011
NATIONAL FOREWORD The adoption of the EN Standard as a Malaysian Standard was recommended by the Working Group on Tubular and Prefabricated Scaffolding under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Building, Construction and Civil Engineering.
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This Malaysian Standard is identical with EN 74-1:2005, Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework and scaffolds - Part 1: Couplers for tubes - Requirements and test procedures, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) with the exceptions as listed below. MALAYSIAN STANDARD EXCEPTIONS a)
in the source text, "this European Standard" should read "this Malaysian Standard";
b)
the comma which is used as a decimal sign (if any), to read as a point;
c)
the title has been changed to Metal scaffolding - Part 2: Tubular (tube and coupler) scaffolds - Section 3: Specification for steel and aluminium couplers, fitting and accessories;
d)
in Table 8 and Table 9, in the “Clause” column, for all references the initial “8” should be replaced by “7”;
e)
in Table 10, in the NOTE, “7.1” should read “6.1”;
f)
in Table B.2, column 3, “8.2.1” and “8.2.2” should read “7.2.1” and “7.2.1” respectively;
g)
in Table B.2, column 4, “BRB” should read “RB”;
h)
in the NOTE below Table B.2, “Table 6” should read “Table 7”;
i)
this standard specifies test procedures to establish whether couplers meet with the criteria specified. The characteristic of structural parameters for couplers for use in design are not given in this standard but in MS 1462-4-1:2010, Annex C; and
j)
reference to European Standards should be replaced by corresponding Malaysian Standards as follows:
Referenced European Standards
Corresponding Malaysian Standards
EN 12811-1:2003, Temporary works equipment - Part 1: Scaffolds Performance requirements and general design
MS 1462-4-1*, Metal scaffolding - Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 1: Performance requirements and general design
ii
© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2011 - All rights reserved
MS 1462-2-3:2011
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NATIONAL FOREWORD (continued) Referenced European Standards
Corresponding Malaysian Standards
EN 12811-2:2004, Temporary works equipment - Part 2: Information on materials
MS 1462-4-2*, Metal Scaffolding - Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 2: Information of materials
EN 12811-3:2002, Temporary equipment - Part 3: Load testing
MS 1462-4-3*, Metal Scaffolding - Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 3: Load testing
works
MS 1462 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metal Scaffolding: Part 1: Prefabricated scaffolds∗ Part 2: Tubular (tube and coupler) scaffolds - Section 1: Specification for steel tubes Part 2: Tubular (tube and coupler) scaffolds - Section 2: Specification for aluminium tubes Part 2: Tubular (tube and coupler) scaffolds - Section 3: Specification for steel and aluminium couplers, fitting and accessories Part 3: Prefabricated scaffolds - Section 1: Specification for steel and aluminium modular system scaffolding Part 3: Prefabricated scaffolds - Section 2: Particular methods of structural design for steel and aluminium modular system scaffolding* Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 1: Scaffolds - Performance requirements and general design* Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 2: Information of materials* Part 4: Temporary works equipment - Section 3: Load testing* Part 5: Mobile access and working tower made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements* Part 6: Temporarily installed suspended scaffolds and access equipment* This standard is published with the permission of the European Committee for Standardization. Such permission is hereby acknowledged. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
∗
under development © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2011 - All rights reserved
iii
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 74-1
NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM
October 2005
ICS 91120
Supersedes EN 74:1988
English Version
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Couplers, spigot pins and baseplates for use in falsework and scaffolds - Part 1: Couplers for tubes - Requirements and test procedures Raccords, goujons d'assemblages et semelles pour etaiement et echaffaudages de service - Partie 1: Raccords pour tubes - Exigences de performance et methodes d'essai
Kupplungen, Zentrierbolzen and Fullplatten fur Arbeitsgeruste and Traggeruste - Tell 1: Rohrkupplungen Anforderungen and Prufverfahren
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 August 2005, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any DEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPE`EN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCIIES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG
Management Centre : rue de Stassart, 36
' 2005 QEN
All rights bf exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
B-1050 Brussels
Ref. No. EN 74-1:2005: E
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................3
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Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................4 1
Scope ... ................................................................................................................................................ 5
2
Normative references ......................................................................................................................... 5
3 3.1 3.2
Terms , definitions and symbols ........................................................................................................ 5 Terms and definitions ......................................................................................................................... 6 Symbols and abbreviations ................................................................................................................ 6
4 4.1 4.2
Types and classes of couplers .. ........................................................................................................7 Types of couplers ...............................................................................................................................7 Classes of couplers ............................................................................................................................7
5
Reference tubes and bar for coupler tests ...................................................................................... 12
6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
General requirements .......................................................................................................................13 Materials ... .......... ........................ __ ....... ............. _ ....... ...... _ ....... ........... ............ _ ................ 13 Design ................................................................................................................................................13 Manufacturer's drawing .................................................................................................................... 16 Production ......................................................................................................................................... 16
7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5
Test methods and evaluation of results .......................................................................................... 16 General ..............................................................................................................................................16 Slipping and failure force ................................................................................................................. 19 Pull-apart force Fp ( RA) .....................................................................................................................26 Stiffnesses and ultimate moments ... ...............................................................................................27 Indentation ( RA,SW,PA) ...................................................................................................................34
8
Designation ....................................................................................................................................... 36
9
Marking .............................................................................................................................................. 36
10
Test report .........................................................................................................................................37
11
Evaluation of test results ..................................................................................................................37
12
Assessment .......................................................................................................................................37
13
Product manual .................................................................................................................................37
Annex A ( normative ) Whitworth thread size 112 X 12 Tpi .......................................................................... 38 A.1
Nominal values ................................................................................................................................. 38
A.2
Tolerances and limiting dimensions after coating . ............................................................... .... _. 39
Annex B ( informative ) Ongoing production control ................................................................................... 40 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................................................42
2
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
Foreword This European Standard (EN 74-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 53 "Temporary works equipment", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
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This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2006. When published this European Standard supersedes the requirements for couplers specified in EN 74:1988. There are additional requirements for some couplers. The couplers specified in this European Standard are intended for use in scaffolds erected in accordance with EN 12811-1 and falsework erected in accordance with EN 12812. This European Standard is not mandated at the time of publication.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
3
EN 74-1 : 2005 (E)
Introduction This is the first of three parts of a European Standard which supersedes EN 74:1988. This first part, EN 74-1, covers common types of friction couplers.
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The second part, EN 74-2, deals with other less common types of couplers. The third part, EN 74-3, deals with plain base plates and loose spigot pins. Until this part is available the respective clauses of EN 74:1988 remain valid. EN 74-1 defines a set of steel and aluminium reference tubes for the required tests. EN 74-1 is not intended to prevent the development of other types of couplers. For example couplers may be manufactured in aluminium or other materials or be designed for use with steel or aluminium tubes other than the normally used 48,3 mm nominal outside diameter. Whilst such couplers cannot comply with this European Standard, it is recommended that the principles of this European Standard are considered in their design and assessment.
The couplers in this European Standard are intended for use in scaffolds and falsework for connecting 48,3 mm outside diameter steel and aluminium tubes which fulfil in other respects (e.g. material grade, thickness and tolerances) the requirements given in EN 12811-1, EN 12811-2 and EN 12810-1.
I
4
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
I
Scope
This European Standard specifies, for right angle couplers, swivel couplers, sleeve couplers and parallel couplers working by friction: - materials;
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- design requirements; - strength classes with different structural parameters including values for resistance and stiffness; - test procedures; - assessment; and gives - recommendations for ongoing production control. For testing, screw couplers are tightened to a torque of 50 Nm and wedge couplers are tightened with a 500 g hammer until the jarring blow.
2
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature
EN 12811-1:2003, Temporary works equipment - Part 1: Scaffolds - Performance requirements and general design EN 12811-2:2004, Temporary works equipment - Part 2: Information on materials EN 12811-3:2002, Temporary works equipment - Part 3: Load testing EN ISO 898-1, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel - Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (ISO 898-1:1999)
EN 20898-2, Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load value -; Coarse thread (ISO 898-2:1992) EN 12812, False work- Performance requirements and general design
3
Terms, definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 12811-1:2003 and the following apply.
5
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
3.1
Terms and definitions
3.1.1 coupler device used for connecting two tubes 3.1.2 wedge coupler
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coupler in which the clamping force is obtained by tightening a flap around the tube by means of hammering home a wedge 3.1.3 screw coupler coupler in which the clamping force is obtained by tightening a flap around the tube by means of a nut and a bolt 3.1.4 supplementary coupler
right angle coupler positioned touching an identical coupler in order to increase the slip resistance 3.1.6 assessment checking process to establish compliance with the requirements specified in this European Standard 3.2
Symbols and abbreviations
For the purpose of this European Standard, the following symbols apply: - Fs
slipping force in kN;
- Fr
failure force in kN;
- F,
pull apart force in kN;
- MB
bending or cruciform bending moment in kNm;
cNl;),MB
cruciform bending stiffness in kNm/rad;
- MT rotational moment in kNm; - CMT rotational stiffness in kNm/rad; - F,,
specified value for slipping force in kN;
- Fr,,
specified value for failure force in kN;
- Fp,c
specified value for pull apart force in kN;
- MB, specified value for bending moment in kNm; - cmO,MB,c specified value for cruciform bending stiffness in kNm/rad; - MT, specified value for rotational moment in kNm; - C.,MT,c
6
specified value for rotational stiffness in kNm/rad;
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
displacement in millimetres of the transverse tube under load relative to a tube or solid bar in rotational tests;
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- V
A
displacement in millimetres of a coupler under load relative to a tube or solid bar;
'tio
indentation in millimetres;
P
test load in kN;
rind
test load for indentation in kN;
y,
specified angle of rotation of a coupler in degrees;
Pf,,,,,
load bearing capacity of a coupler at failure;
PP,,,it
load bearing capacity of a coupler for pull apart;
M„ j1
capacity of a coupler of cruciform bending ultimate moment;
- ReH
yield strength;
- RP o,2
proof stress at elongation of 0.2 %;
- R. tensile strength;
4 4.1
Types and classes of couplers Types of couplers
The types of couplers are listed in Table 1. Table 1 - Types of couplers
Type of coupler
4.2 4.2.1
Identification
Arrangement of tubes
Right angle coupler
RA
Crossing at a right angle
Swivel coupler
SW
Crossing at any angle
Parallel coupler
PA
Parallel
Sleeve coupler
SF
End to end coaxially
Classes of couplers General
The classes for each type of coupler are given in Table 2.
7
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
Table 2 - Classes of couplers
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Type of coupler
Class A
B
AA
BB
Right angle coupler
■
■
■
■
Swivel coupler
■
■
-----
-----
Parallel coupler
■
■
-----
-----
Sleeve coupler friction type
■
■
■ Specified class
NOTE Classes A and B differ in transmissible internal forces and moments and in values of load bearing capacity and stiffness. Couplers of classes AA and BB, used as single couplers have the same characteristics as couplers of classes A and B respectively, but they may also be used to increase slipping capacity if two identical couplers AA+AA or BB+BB are positioned touching each other. 4.2.2
Transmissible internal forces, moments and related stiffnesses
In general a connection between two tubes is able to transmit three forces and three moments at right angles to each other with related stiffness. Tables 3 to 6 show which structural parameters apply. See Table 8 for values for testing purposes. NOTE
8
Longitudinal stiffness may be derived from load -displacement curves for slipping forces.
EN 74-1 : 2005 (E)
Table 3 - Structural parameters for right angle couplers (RA) St ruc t ura l parameters
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c
Slipping force Fs
Class
AandAA
Band BB
■
■
w o ^
Rotational moment MT
0m 0 U-
Pull apart force F Failure force Ff
■
■
■
■
Cruciform bending moment MB*
---
■
Rotational stiffness c q,, MT*
---
■
0 U-
o u
■
U N
Cruciform bending stiffness cp Mg ■ *
■
Resistance or stiffness specified Only for screw couplers
Figure 1 - Forces and moments for a right angle coupler
9
EN 74-1 :2005 (E)
Table 4 - Structural parameters for swivel couplers (SW)
Class
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Structural parameter A
B
1
Slipping force F. (Figure 2)
■
M
2
Failure force Ff (Figure 2)
■
■
■
Resistance specified
Figure 2 - Forces for a swivel coupler
Table 5 - Structural parameters for parallel couplers (PA) Class
Structural parameter
B
1
Slipping force F, (Figure 3)
■
■
2
Failure force Fr (Figure 3)
■
■
■
10
A
Resistance specified
EN 74-1:2005 (E)
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F, F;
Figure 3 - Forces for a parallel coupler
Table 6 - Structural parameters for sleeve couplers (SF) Structural parameters
Class A
B
1
Slipping force Fs (Figure 4)
■
o
2
Bending moment MB (Figure4)
---
■
■
Resistance specified
11
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EN 74- 1:2005 (E)
Figure 4 - Forces and moments for a sleeve coupler
5
Reference tubes and bar for coupler tests
The specified outside diameter of all tubes and bars shall be 48,3 mm with a tolerance for tubes of ± 0,5 mm and for bars of ± 0,2 mm.
Reference tubes shall be used that are selected from normal production whose properties lie within the tolerance bands specified in Table 7. The tubes shall be unused and steel tubes shall be hot dip galvanized in accordance with EN 12811-2 class C2 of corrosion protection.
Table 7 - Reference tubes and bar for coupler tests Reference Structural form
Material
Yield strength or hardness
Wall thickness
Wall thickness tolerance mm
RTS1
Tube
Steel
235 N/mm2 < ReH < 265 N/mm2 3.2 mm
+ 0,1 - 0,2 (including corrosion resistance)
RTS2
Tube
Steel
315 N/mm2 < ReH
