Morfologia Flor
August 7, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
Short Description
Download Morfologia Flor...
Description
Ykjk n` lr`lhjh`otc bhjhtknc qu` bb`vk bks aceks jcnhlknks `olkrgknks n` bk r`prcnullhüo y n` bk prct`llhüo n` bcs gkj`tcs, n`ocjhoknks kotübcs c «ph`zks fcrkb`s. @o `bbk s` nhsogu`o bks shguh`ot`s pkrt`s5
;.]`nõolubc5 ]krt` qu` bk uo` lco `b tkbbc. 9.Y`l`ptëlubc5 ]krt` t`rjhokb y `oskolaknk n`b p`nõolubc ncon` s` hos`rtko bks ph`zks (\èpkbcs, pètkbcs, `stkjir`s, phsbcs) n` bcs v`rlhbcs fcrkb`s. v`rlhbcs •]`otklêlbhlks5 > v`rlhbcs y uo `phlkbêz lcoshn`rknc lcjc uo v`rlhbc jks. @e`jpbc5 `o r`pr`skot`s n` bk kjhbhk Jkbvkl`k`
Fbcr`s \èshb`s c s`otknks
Fbcr p`otklêlbhlk n`b kbgcnüo
@phlëbhz
Fbcr`s p`nuolubknks p`nuolubknks
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BK FBCY
OÕJ@YC N@ ]H@UK\ N@ BC\ V@Y^HLHBC\
OPJ@YC N@ ]H@UK\ N@ BC\ V@Y^HLHBC\ \PL@\HVC\
•Jcocj`rk5 V`rlhbc crjknc pcr uok ph`zk. ph`zk. •Nhj`rk5 Ncs ph`zks. •^rhj`rk5 ^r`s ph`zks. Luktrc ph`zks. ••^`trkj`rk5 ]`otkj`rk5 Lholc ph`zks. •]cbhj`rk5 Jks n` lholc ph`zks.
•Hsüj`rks5 @b oõj`rc n` ph`zks `s hgukb `o ncs c jks v`rlhbcs. •A`t`rüj`rks5 @b oõj`rc n` ph`zks n` bcs v`rlhbcs sul`shvcs vkrhk.
OÕJ@YC N@ ]H@UK\ N@ BC\ V@Y^HLHBC\
•Klêlbhlks c @sphrkbknks5 Bks ph`zks s` hos`rtko k NH\]C\HLHÜO N@ BK\ ]H@UK\
nh`r`ot` ohv`b, n`slrhih`onc uok `sphrkb. ^hphlk n` bcs grupcs n` pbkotks lco fcr`s jks prhjhvcs, `e`jpbc5 Jkgocbhkl`k` y Koocokl`k. •Lêlbhlks c v`rlhbknks5 @o lknk ounc s` hos`rtko vkrhks ph`zks.
FBCY@\ KLÊLBHLK\ C @\]HYKBKNK\
FBCY@\ LÊLBHLK\ C V@Y^HLHBKNK\
]@YHKO^C Lcoeuotc lcocrjknc pcr `b lëbhz y bk lcrcbk, `olcotrëoncs` fcr`s5
•Klbkjên`ks c n`sounks5 Oc pr`s`otko lëbhz oh lcrcbks, g`o`rkbj`ot` prct`ghnks pcr irëlt`ks `e`jpbc5 @sp`lh`s n` bk kjhbhk ]ckl`k` (Krrcz, Jkêz). •Jcoclbkjên`ks5 ]r`s`otko uoc n` bcs ncs v`rlhbcs n` p`rhkotc, `e`jpbc5 V`rko`rk. k. Ks`pkbks5 Oc pr`s`otko lëbhz. i. Kp`tkbks5 Oc pr`s`otko lcrcbk. •Nhlbkjên`ks5 ]r`s`otko lëbhz y lcrcbk. k. Acjclbkjên`ks5 Lëbhz y lcrcbk n` hgukb lcbcr, `o `st` lksc `b lcoeuotc s` bbkjk p`rhgcohc y bks ph`zks tèpkbcs.
i. A`t`rclbkjên A`t`rclbkjên`ks5 `ks5 Lëbhz y lcrcbk n` nh`r`ot` lcbcr
Klbkjên`ks c n`sounks
Jcoclbkjên`ks
Irëlt`ks
Nhlbkjên`ks a`t`rclbkjên`ks
Nhlbkjên`ks acjclbkjên`ks
]ètkbc
\èpkbc
LËBHU
V`rlhbc jks `xt`roc n` bk fcr, crjknc pcr ph`zks g`o`rkbj`ot` v`rn`s bbkjknks sèpkbcs. @o clkshco`s lco lcbcrklhüo s`j`ekot` k bk n` bcs pètkbcs (Lëbhz p`tkbchn` `e`jpbc5 Bhrhc).
FPOLHCO@\ N@B LËBHU5
• ]rct`g`r pkrt`s hot`roks n` bk fcr `o bk `tkpk n` y`jk. •]rct`g`r `b rutc nurkot` su n`skrrcbbc. •Lcotrhiuhr k bk nhsp`rshüo n` rutcs y s`jhbbks. •Lcotrhiuhr lco bk lcrcbk `o bk ktrkllhüo n` hos`ltcs pcbhohzkncr`s
Lëbhz
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@B LËBHU
POHÜO N@ BC\ \È]KBC\
•Nhkbhsèpkbc5 \èpkbcs s`pkrkncs `otr` sh. •Gkjcsèpkbc5 \èpkbcs uohncs `otr` sh crjkonc uok `sp`lh` n` tuic
Lëbhz gkjcsèpkbc
Lëbhz nhkbhsèpkbc
Lëbhz
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@B LËBHU •Lhbêonrhlc5 ]r`s`otk uo tuic lco bkncs pkrkb`bcs. •Prl`cbknc5 Lco tuic r`bkvkj`ot` grkon` nhbktknc `o su pkrt` ho`rhcr y `b icrn` pclc n`skrrcbbknc. ]CY BK FCYJK
•Ihbkihknc5 Bhjic crjknc pcr ncs ph`zks. •@spcbcoknc5 Bk iks` n`b lëbhz s` prcbcogk crjkonc uok `sp`lh` n` `spcbüo. •Ghicsc5 @o `b conc n`b tuic s` crjk uok `sp`lh` n` icbsk c ghik. •^urihoknc5 Lco `b tuic `o crjk n` lcoc hov`rnc
JCYFCBCGÊK N@B LËBHU
Lhbêonrhlc
Ghicsc
@spcbcoknc
Ihbkihknc
^urihoknc
Prl`cbknc
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@B LËBHU ]CY BK LCO\H\^@OLHK
]CY BK NPYKLHÜO
•A`riël`c5 Lëbhz cpklc, v`rn`. •@slkrhcsc5 Lëbhz j`jirkocsc, trksbulhnc y s`lc. •Lkrocsc5 Lëbhz cpklc y sulub`otc. •]`rshst`ot`5 ]`rjko`l` akstk n`spuès n` bk rullklhüo `e`jpbc5 tcjkt`. •Jkrl`sl`ot`5 \` s`lk `o bk fcr sho n`spr`on`rs` y lk` n`spuès n` bk kp`rturk n`b ictüo fcrkb. •N`lhnuc5 Lk` kot`s n` bk crjklhüo n`b rutc. •Lknulc5 Lk` lukonc s` kir` `b ictüo fcrkb. •Klr`sl`ot`5 Lcoouk lr`lh`onc n`spuès n` bk kp`rturk bk fcr, crjkonc uok icbsk qu` `ovu`bv` kbn` rutc.
Nurklhüo
JCNHFHLKLHCO@\ N@B LËBHU •]@^KBCHN@5 Lco sèpkbcs n` lcbcr`s nhsotcs kb v`rn`s. • VHBKOC C ]K]C5 Lco `b bhjic trkoscrjknc `o p`bcs c l`rnks qu` kyunko k bk nhsp`rshüo n` s`jhbbks (Lcjõo `o r`pr`s`otkot`s n` bk kjhbhk Kst`rkl`k`).
Lëbhz p`tkbchn`
LCYCBK V`rlhbc hot`roc n`b p`rhkotc, crjknc pcr ph`zks bbkjknks ]È^KBC\, g`o`rkbj`ot` lco lcbcr`s nhsotcs kb v`rn`.
FPOLHCO@\ N@ BK LCYCBK5 •Ktrk`r k bcs kg`ot`s pcbhohzkncr`s pcbhohzkncr`s.. •]rct`g`r k bcs ürgkocs s`xukb`s n` bk fcr. .
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@ BK LCYCBK POHÜO N@ BC\ ]È^KBC\
]CY BK \HJ@^YÊK
•Nhkbhpètkbk5 ]ètkbcs s`pkrkncs `otr` sh. •Gkjcpètkbk5 ]ètkbcs uohncs `otr` sh crjkonc uok `sp`lh` n` tuic
•Klocjcrk5 Lcrcbk lco pètkbcs hgukb`s `o crjk tkjkûc y vkrhcs pbkocs n` shj`trêk. •Uhgcjcrk5 Lcrcbk lco pètkbcs nh`r`ot`s `o tkjkûc y lco ncs pbkocs n` shj`trêk. •Kshjètrhlk5 Lco pètkbcs n`shgukb`s `o tkjkûc y sho pbkoc n` shj`trêk.
Nhkbhpètkbk
Klocjcrk
Gkjcpètkbk
Uhgcjcrk
Kshjètrhlk
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@ BK LCYCBK
LCYCBK\ GKJC]È^KBK\ KL^HOCJCYFK\
Lkjpkoubknk
@jiunknk
Ahpclrkt`rhcrj`
Yctkl`k
^uiubkr
Prl`cbknk
LCYCBK\ GKJC]È^KBK\ UHGCJCYFK\
Bhgubknk
Ihbkihknk
]`rscoknk
LCYCBK\ NHKBH]È^KBK\ KL^HOCJCYFK\
Lrulhcrj`
Klbkv`bknk
Ycskl`k
LCYCBK\ NHKBH]È^KBK\ UHGCJCYFK\
]kphbhcoknk
Gkb`knk
Kocjkbk
KONYCL@C V`rlhbc jkslubhoc n` bk fcr, lcocrjknc pcr ph`zks bbkjknks `stkjir`s qu` lco`o`o bcs grkocs n` pcb`o `o bks kot`rks.
]KY^@\ N@ @\^KJIY@5 •Fhbkj`otc5 ]krt` kbkrgknk bkj`otcsk y `stèrhb qu` scs`o` k bks kot`rks. •Kot`rk5 ]krt` èrb n` bcs `stkjir`s lcocrjknks pcr ncs `strulturks bbkjknks t`lks, `o luyc hot`rhcr s` `olu`otrko bcs sklcs pcbêohlcs, ncon` s` crjko bcs grkocs n` pcb`o.
GYKOC N@ ]CB@O Lèbubk qu` lco`o` `b gkj`tc jkslubhoc, crjknc pcr5 •@xhok 5 ]kr`n `xt`rok, r`luih`rtk pcr `spcrcpc `spcrcpcb`ohok. b`ohok. •Hook5 ]kr`n hot`rok, r`lu r`luih`rtk ih`rtk pcr l`bubcsk4 crjk k kbb tuic pcbêohlc. pcbêohlc.
•`luonklhüo. Oõlb`c g`o`rkvc5 ]cr jhtcshs crhghok ncs oõlb`cs `sp`rjëlcs pkrk bk •Oõlb`c v`g`tkvc5 Yhg` `b lr`lhjh`otc c n`skrrcbbc n`b tuic pcbêohlc.
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@ BK\ KO^@YK\ POHÜO LCO @B FHBKJ@O^C
•Ikshek •Ncrscek •\ui ikshek •V`rsëb
NHY@LLHÜO N@ BK K]@Y^PYK LCO Y@BKLHÜO KB ]@YHKO^C
N@AH\L@OLHK N@ BK\ KO^@YK\
•Bcoghtunhokb •]crhlhnk • Vkbvkr
•Hotrcrsk5 \` kir`o `o bk pkrt` qu` jhrk aklhk `b hot`rhcr n` bk fcr. •@xtrcrsk5 \` kir`o `o bk pkrt` qu` jhrk aklhk `b `xt`rhcr n` bk fcr.
Ncrshfhek
Ikshfhek
V`rskthb
N@AH\L@OLHK N@ BK\ KO^@YK\
]crhlhnk
Bcoghtunhokb
^rkosv`rskb
Vkbvkr
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO LBK\HFHLKLHÜ O N@ BK\ KO^@YK\ OÕJ@YC N@ ^@LK\
•Jcoct`lk •Nht`lk
•Knoknks c ]krkb`bks5 ^`lks uohnks `o tcnk su KYY@GBC N@ BK\ ^@LK\
bcoghtun. •Nhv`rg`ot`s5 ^`lks s`pkrknks uohnks `o uo puotc. •Cibhluks5 Pok t`lk n` jkycr bcoghtun qu` bk ctrk.
KYY@GBC N@ BK\ ^@LK\
Knoknks c ]krkb`bks Nhv`rg`ot`s
Cibhluks
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\
•Bhir`s c kpcst`jcocs5 Ncs pkr`s hgukb`s n` `stkjir`s k.. Nênhjc5 Nênhokjc5 Ncs pkr`s n`shgukb`s n` `stkjir`s. i l. ^rhnêokjc5 Ncs grupcs n` tr`s `stkjir`s. n. ^`trknêokjc5 \`hs `stkjir`s, n` bcs lukb`s luktrcs sco jks bkrgcs.
]CY \P KGYP]KLHÜO
scbnkrs`. . Lcoohv`ot`5 Bks kot`rks s` tclko sh bb`gko k •Lcookncs c lca`r`ot`s5 k. Jcokn`bcs5 \` uo`o pcr bcs bkj`otcs crjkonc uo akz. Nhkn`bcs5 \` uo`o pcr bcs bkj`otcs crjkonci.ncs akl`s. l. ]cbhkn`bcs5 \` uo`o pcr bcs bkj`otcs crjkonc jks n` ncs akl`s. n. \hokot`r`cs5 \` uo`o pcr bks kot`rks, crjkonc uo kohbbc kbr`n`ncr n`b `sgjk. . \hokonrcs5 \` uo`o pcr bkj`otcs y kot`rks
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\ LBK\HFHLKLHÜO Bhir`s c kpcst`jcocs
^`trknêokjc Nênhokjcs
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\ LBK\HFHLKLHÜO Lcookncs c lca`r`ot`s
Jcokn`bcs
Nhkn`bcs
]cbhkn`bcs
\hokot`r`cs \hokonrcs
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\
\èpkbcs
]C\HLHÜO LCO Y@BKLHÜO K BC\
•Kbt`roh
\È]KBC\ X/C ]È^KBC\
•Ko
]ètkbcs
\èpkbcs ]ètkbcs
@stkjir` kopètkbc
@stkjir` kbt`rohpètkbc k bt`rohpètkbc
LBK\HFHLKLHÜO N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\ BCOGH^PN N@ BC\ @\^KJIY@\ LCO Y@BKLHÜO K BC\ \È]KBC\ X/C ]È^KBC\
•Lrhptcst`jcocs c hos`rtcs
•Fko`rcst`jcocs c `x`rtcs
Lrhptcst`jcocs c hos`rtcs
Fko`rcst`jcocs c `x`rtcs
•Hscst`jcocs5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s hgukb kb oõj`rc n` sèpkbcs y/c pètkbcs.
OÕJ@YC N@ @\^KJIY@\ LCO Y@BKLHÜO K BC\ \È]KBC\ X/C ]È^KBC\
•Kohscst`jcocs 5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s nh`r`ot`s kb oõj`rc n` sèpkbcs y/c pètkbcs. k. J`ycst`jcocs5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s j`ocr kb oõj`rc n` sèpkbcs y/c pètkbcs. i. Nhpbcst`jcocs5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s ncs v`l`s kb n` sèpkbcs y/c pètkbcs. * @stkjir`s `xt`rocs5 Kbt`rocs * @stkjir`s hot`rocs5 Cpu`stcs. l.Cinhpbcst`jcocs5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s ncs v`l`s kb n` sèpkbcs y/c pètkbcs. * @stkjir`s `xt`rocs5 Cpu`stcs. * @stkjir`s hot`rocs5 Kbt`rocs. n. ]cbhst`jcocs5 Oõj`rc n` `stkjir`s jks n`b ncib` n` ` `bb oõ oõj`rc j`rc n n` ` sè sèpkbcs pkbcs y/c pètkbcs.
Kohscst`jcocs ]cbhst`jcocs
Kohscst`jcocs j`ycst`jcocs
]ètkbc
\èpkbc
GHO@L@C V`rlhbc `j`ohoc n` bk fcr, lcocrjknc pcr ph`zks bbkjknks phsbcs qu` lco`o`o bcs cvubcs.
]KY^@\ N@ ]H\^HBC5 Cvkrhc, `sbc y `sgjk. •Cvkrhc5 ]krt` ikskb y `oskolaknk `oskolaknk n`b phsbc, lcocrjknc pcr uoc c vkrhcs lkp`bcs, lkp`bcs, `o luyc hot`rhcr s` n`skrrcbbko bcs üvubcs.
k. Lkrp`bcs5 Aceks jcnhlknks qu` crhghoko bcs üvubcs. i. ]bkl`otk5 ]krt` n`b cvkrhc ncon` s` n`skrrcbbk bcs üvubcs. l. üvubcs5 @strulturk crjknk pcr jksks n` lèbubks, qu` s` n`skrrcbbko scir` bk pbkl`otk y n`spuès n` bk `luonklhüo s` lcovh`rt`o `o s`jhbbks. n. Bülubcs5 Lkvhnkn`s ncon` s` n`skrrcbbko bcs üvubcs. . ^kihqu`s5 @strulturk j`jirkocsks crjknks pcr bk uohüo n` bcs lkrp`bcs y s`pkrko bcs bülubcs. g. \uturk ncrskb5 Bêo`ks jkrlknks `o bk pkrt` pcst`rhcr n` lknk lkrp`bc, lcrr`spconh`ot` k bk o`rvknurk l`otrkb n` bk acek. a. \uturk v`otrkb5 Bêo`ks jkrlknks `o bcs icrn`s lcolr`sl`ot`s n` bks aceks lkrp`bkr`s
]KY^@\ N@B CVKYHC
Cvubc Lkrp`bc
]bkl`otk
\uturk ncrskb5 Bülubc
\uturk v`otrkb ^kihqu`
Pohüo n` bcs lkrp`bcs
Lcjpu`stc
]cshlhüo n`b cvkrhc lco r`bklhüo k bk b k hos`rlhüo n` bcs n`jës v`rthlhbcs (Lëbhz, lcrcbk, konrcl`c)
Cvkrhc
Cvkrhc
Cvkrhc
]BKL@O^KLHÜO Nhspcshlhüo n` bk pbkl`otk y bcs üvubcs n`otrc n`b cvkrhc. \` pr`s`otko bcs shguh`ot`s pcs5
;.Jkrghokb5 lukonc bk nhspcshlhüo clurr` `o `b jkrg`o n` bk acek lkrp`bkr (]aks`cbus vubgkr`, Frhecb) 9.]krh`tkb5 Bk pbkl`otk y bcs üvubcs s` nhspco`o `o bks pkr`n`s n`b cvkrhc ( Lkrhlk pkpkyk, ]kpkyk). bhir` (Lkpshluj .Kxhbkr5 pbkl`otk y bcs üvubcs s` uihlko `o bcs ëogubcs crjkncs pcr bcs n` bcs lkrp`bcs ( Lhtrus bhjco, bhjüo) . 0.Ikskb5 pbkl`otk y bcs üvubcs s` nhspco`o `o bk iks` n`b cvkrhc (]uohlk grkoktuj, grkoknhbbk)
]BKL@O^KLHÜO
ÜVPBC\ @strulturks crjknks pcr jksks n` lèbubks qu` s` n`skrrcbb n`skrrcbbko ko scir` bk pbkl`ot pbkl`otk ky n`spuès n` bk `luonklhüo s` trkoscrjko t rkoscrjko `o s`jhbbks.
]KY^@\ N@B ÜVPBC ;.\klc `jirhcokrhc5 Lèbubk cvchn`, bclkbhzknk `o `b l`otrc n`b cvubc, `o luyc hot`rhcr s` `olu`otrko clac oõlb`cs ( Cvcl`bubk, tr`s kopcnks, ncs sho`rghnks, sho`rghnks, ncs oõlb`cs pcbkr`s) . • Cvclèbubk5 Oõlb`c shtuknc kb bknc n` bks sho`rghnks, qu` nk crhg`o kb `jirhüo n` bk s`jhbbk. • Kopcnks5 Oõlb`cs uihlkncs `o `b bknc cpu`stc n`b jhlrüphbc. • \ho`rghnks5 Oõlb`cs shtukncs l`rlk n`b jhlrüphbc. • Oõlb`cs pcbkr`s5 Pihlkncs `o bk pkrt` l`otrkb n`b sklc `jirhcokrhc, n`spuès n` bk `luonklhüo crhghoko `b `oncsp`rjc n` bk s`jhbbk. 9. Oul`bk5 ^`ehnc qu` rcn`k kb sklc `jirhcokrhc, `o kbguoks s`jhbbks (Lclus oulhf`rk, lclc ) crhghok uo t`ehnc outrhlhc bbkjknc p`rjhsp`rjk .
. Jhlrcphbc5 ]crc kphlkb n`b cvubc qu` s` crjk kb n`skrrcbbkrs` lcjpb`tkj`ot` bcs t`guj`otcs.
0. Lkbkzk 5 Iks` n`b cvubc qu` crhghok bcs t`guj`otcs , g`o`rkbj`ot` uihlknk `o `b bknc cpu`stc n`b jhlrüphbc.
6. Fuoêlubc5 Lcrnüo vkslubkrhzknc qu` uo` kb cvubc lco bk pbkl`otk, p`rjht` `b pksc n` kguk y outrh`ot`s aklhk bk s`jhbbk s`jhbbk `o n`skrrcbbc. n`skrrcbbc.
]KY^@\ N@ ]H\^HBC
@\^HBC @strulturk lcbujokr bclkbhzknk `o `b ëphl` n`b cvkrhc luyk uolhüo `s lcbclkr kb `sgjk `o crjk tkb qu` klhbht` bk r`l`plhüo n`b grkoc n` pcb`o.
]cshlhüo n`b `sthbc lco r`sp`ltc kb cvkrhc
@sthbc
]KY^@\ N@ ]H\^HBC
@\^HGJK ]krt` sup`rhcr n`b phsbc qu` r`lhi` `b grkoc n` pcb`o.
FCYJK\ N@B @\^HGJK ;. 9. .
]bujcsc5 ]`bcs ocs qu` ktrkpko kb grkoc n` pcb`o ( Cryzk skvk, krrcz). Lkphtknc5 Lco crjk n` lki`zubk ( ^a`v`k p`ruvhkok, lkbk icogk). Nhslchn`5 N` crjk lhrlubkr (]shnhuj krklk, guykik kgrhk). Yknhknc5 @sgjk rkjhlknc (Ahihslus rcsk-sho`oshs, icla`).
Lkphtknc
Yknhknc
C^YK\ @\^YPL^PYK\ (@QLY@L@OLHK\) FBCYKB@\ Nhslc 5 \cir`lr`lh`jh`otc n`b r`l`ptëlubc `o crjk n` kohbbc qu` rcn`k k bk iks` n`b cvkrhc ( Lr`sl`ok lue`t`, tctujc). Lcrcok5 Ykjhlklhüo hot`rok n` bk lcrcbk crjknk pcr bkj`otcs bkrgcs y vhstcscs (]ksshcrk `nubhs, jkrkluyë).
O`ltkrhcs5 Gbkonubks qu` s`lr`tko sustkolhks kzulkrknks. Lcrcok Nhslc
O`ltkrhcs
View more...
Comments
