Modulo III Introduccion La Informatica

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

HCTTGTC; FGTGLHEC @G LGFMHEMX CXEFLCPWTC

ELPTM@WHHEØL C OC ELAMTJÃPEHC ?? EEG->1>3 , gs `gher, ul lûjgrm qug hmjeglzc hml ul 3 sgfue`m `g hegl hgrms. Oc e`gc vgl`rêc `g Xgcl Cl`grsml, quegl surfeø "fmmfmopogx", ul lmjdrg qug ctrckm c Ocrry ^cfg. Åo og pe`eø er c rgfestrcr go lmjdrg `g `mjelem "fmmfmo". Xgcl Cl`grsml sgrêc ul grrmr gl oc gltrc`c `go lmjdrg, smrprgl`gltg fmmfog.hmj. Mtrms `ehgl qug go lmjdrg `g `mjelem lm gstcdc `espmledog pcrc yc cseflc`m, y qug, pmr om tcltm, go lmjdrg aug hcjdec`m `g amrjc vmoultcrec. ^mr mtrc pcrtg, oc sejeoetu` hml oc pcocdrc elfoås fmffogs qug sefleaehc "fcacs", `ehg qug oms `ms YMZ `g oc jcrhc. Xe lm pm`gjms ctreduer go mrefgl, Fmmfog uteoezc go kugfm `g pcocdrcs gl su dûsqug`c `g amtms sgrvehems; Fmmfog Fmffogs. C`gjãs, go omfm `g Fmmfog gs juy sglheoom, y prmveglg `g su jmtmr `g dûsqug`c. Xg hmjpmlg `g oc pcocdrc gshretc gl Fmmfog Hctuoo oc pmoehêc, huycs ogtrcs sml `g hmomr gl oc sefuegltg sghuglhec czuo-rmkm-cjcreoom-czuo-vgr`g-rmkm, gstc hmjpmseheøl lm bc hcjdec`m `gs`g 3555. Oc crquetghturc `go hmomr y oc amrjc sg glhugltrc gl juhbms prm`uhtms, hmjm Fjceo. Go 2 `g agdrgrm `g 4>>7, Fmmfog gltrm gl go jul`m `g oc hcrtmfrcaêc `efetco hml go oclzcjegltm `g ulc oêlgc `g su prm`uhtm jãs pmpuocr; Fmmfog Jcps. Gstg sgrvehem gs frctuetm pgrm oejetc`m c oms o ms Gstc`ms Wle`ms, Hclc`ã y Frcl Drgtcóc. Go kugvgs 46 `g c cdreo `g 4>>1, go sgrvehem cdcrhm Arclhec, Cogjclec, Gspcóc g Etcoec. Jglms `g `ms jgsgs jãs tcr`g, ocs aulhemlgs pmpuocrgs pcrc hcohuocr ocs rutcs y vestcs `g sctåoetg augrml eltgfrc`cs. Gstg sgrvehem sg uteoezcrã pmstgremrjgltg pcrc oc omhcoezcheøl `g oms tgoåamlms jøveogs y F^X. Fmmfog bc hmlstrue`m su rgputcheøl `g gjprgsc `elãjehc g ellmvc`mrc hml go oclzcjegltm `g smatwcrg y sgrvehems ûteogs pcrc tm`ms, gaehegltg y smdrg tm`m oedrg. C hmltelucheøl, Fmmfog hugltc hml 7.12> gjpogc`ms‚.   ^moetåhlehc `g Qcoglhec. 6

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

Xe quegrgs chhg`gr co crtêhuom  ‟Bestmrec `g oc elamrjãtehc; Fmmfog‚  hmjpogtm pug`gs elfrgscr co sefuegltg glochg bttps;//bestela.domfs.upv.gs/aeogs/4> bttps;//bestela.domfs. upv.gs/aeogs/4>34/>3/fmmfog.p`a 34/>3/fmmfog.p`a

Xgrvehems qug marghg fmmfog chtucojgltg Hml Fmmfog pm`gjms fgstemlcr lugstrc prmpec hugltc `g hmrrgm goghtrølehm, vgr jeogs `g vê`gms sude`ms pmr mtrms usucrems, cojchglcr lugstrms `mhujgltms gl oc ludg, hmlmhgr lugstrc udehcheøl pmr fgm sctåoetgs, fgstemlcr lugstrc pudoehe`c` mloelg, gth. Om qug `eagrglhec c Fmmfog `g juhbms `g sus hmjpgte`mrgs gs qug su magrtc, c`gjãs `g elhrgêdogjgltg vcrec`c, gs hmjpogtcjgltg frctuetc. Gstm oc hmlvegrtg gl ulc hmjpcóêc hcpcz `g bchgr smjdrc co fefcltg `g oc elamrjãtehc, Jehrmsmat. Gl ulms pmhms cóms, gstc gjprgsc bc scde`m pmsehemlcrsg hmjm ulm `g oms prmvgg`mrgs `g sgrvehems `g rgagrglhec, se lm go jãs ejpmrtcltg. Pm`m frchecs c su elhrgêdog vcreg`c` `g cpoehchemlgs, sgrvehems y poctcamrjcs tcltm eltgrlcs hmjm gxtgrlcs, ocs hucogs clcoezcrgjms c hmltelucheøl. ∔  Fmmfog Hbrmjg Gs ul lcvgfc`mr wgd `g smatwcrg prevctevm m hø`efm hgrrc`m `gscrrmooc`m pmr Fmmfog, culqug `grevc`m `g prmyghtms `g hø`efm cdegrtm. Gs go lcvgfc`mr qug Fmmfog marghg c sus usucrems `g amrjc hmjpogtcjgltg frctuetc.

Chtucojgltg, Hbrmjg gstã `espmledog gl prãhtehcjgltg tm`ms oms sestgjcs mpgrctevms, tcltm hmjm pcrc `espmsetevms `g smdrgjgsc hmjm pcrc `espmsetevms jøveogs. Xu aoue`gz, sglheoogz y mptejezcheøl pcrc tm`ms oms sgrvehems 2

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

`g Fmmfog bchgl qug sgc chtucojgltg go sestgjc mpgrctevm jãs usc`m `go jul`m. ∔  Fmmfog+; Oc rg` qug om hmlghtc tm`m Gl Kulem `go cóm 4>33, Fmmfog oclzø su prmpec rg` smheco, hml go lmjdrg Fmmfog+. Gstc rg` tglêc hmjm prmpøsetm uleaehcr tm`ms oms sgrvehems qug marghg oc gjprgsc, csmheãl`moms c lugstrc e`glte`c` hmjm usucrems. Gl prejgr oufcr, tm`m usucrem `g Fmmfog qug `gsgg uteoezcr sgrvehems tcl `evgrsms hmjm Jcps, UmuPudg, Bclfmuts m @revg, `gdgrã gl prejgr oufcr hrgcrsg ulc hugltc. ^mr sugrtg, gstc mpheøl gs hmjpogtcjgltg frctuetc y gl lelfûl hcsm lms supml`rã lelfûl tepm `g hmstg. ∔  UmuPudg, oc poctcamrjc `g vê`gms Gl Agdrgrm `go cóm 4>>7, lcheø UmuPudg, ulc poctcamrjc hrgc`c pmr `ms cjefms `g oc ulevgrse`c` hml go mdkgtevm `g suder sus prmpems vê`gms y qug sus hmjpcógrms pu`egrcl vgroms. Gstc e`gc fgrjelø y hrgheø rãpe`cjgltg pmr Eltgrlgt y bc chcdc`m hmlverteål`msg gl go fefcltg y rgy el`eshutedog `g oms vê`gms mloelg. Xmocjgltg ul cóm `gspuås, Fmmfog tuvm oc dreoocltg e`gc `g hmjprcr UmuPudg pmr 38>> jeoomlgs `g `øocrgs. Gstc hmjprc supmlêc ulc smdrggstejcheøl glmrjg `go vcomr rgco `g oc hmjpcóêc gl gsg jmjgltm, c`gjãs `g ulc gstejcheøl `g ocs fclclhecs pmtglhecogs qug mdtgl`rêc hmjprcl`m gstc poctcamrjc. ∔  Fjceo, ulc mpheøl fgleco pcrc fgstemlcr lugstrm hmrrgm Fjceo gs ul sgrvehem `g hmrrgm hml pmsedeoe`c`gs ^M^8 g EJC^ `gscrrmooc`m pmr oc gjprgsc Fmmfog. Gjpegzc c sgr ulc rgcoe`c` c jg`ec`ms `go cóm 4>>0 y chtucojgltg yc bc supgrc`m c Mutommi hmjm go sgrvehem `g hmrrgms jãs usc`m `go jul`m. @gstchc su eltgracz sglheooc g eltuetevc, sus ellmvchemlgs tghlmoøfehcs, su hcpche`c` glmrjg pcrc cojchglcr y crhbevcr hmrrgms y su hmjpogtc mptejezcheøl y c`cptcheøl co rgstm `g sgrvehems `g Fmmfog.

5

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

 Chtucojgltg, sg marghg ulc hcpche`c` `g cojchglcjegltm `g 37 FD. Oc hcpche`c` `g cojchglcjegltm cujgltø hml jmtevm `go oclzcjegltm `g Fmmfog @revg, culqug pmstgremrjgltg, sg uleaehø go gspchem `espmledog pcrc su usm hml @revg, Fmmfog+ y Fjceo. ∔  Cl`rme`, go sestgjc mpgrctevm jøveo Cl`rme` gs ul sestgjc mpgrctevm gl dcsg Oelux hrgc`m gl go cóm 4>>7 y hmjprc`m pmr Fmmfog gl go cóm 4>>2. Gstg sestgjc mpgrctevm gstã pglsc`m y mptejezc`m pcrc `espmsetevms jøveogs, hmjm Xjcrtpbmlg m tcdogts, y chtucojgltg gs go sestgjc mpgrctevm jøveo jãs usc`m `go jul`m.

Cl`rme` usc go jgrhc`m `g cpoehchemlgs ^ocyXtmrg, gl go qug sg pgrjetg tcltm go `gscrrmoom `g cpoehchemlgs prmpecs `g Fmmfog hmjm ocs `esgóc`cs `erghtcjgltg pmr gjprgscs gxtgrlcs. Oc jcymrêc `g cpoehchemlgs `go ^ocyXtmrg sml frctuetcs, culqug tcjdeål bcy juhbcs `g pcfm. ∔  Fmmfog @revg; Fmmfog @revg gs ul sgrvehem `g cojchglcjegltm `g crhbevms mloelg qug marghg Fmmfog `gs`g go cóm 4>34. ^grjetg c oms usucrems rgfestrc`ms gl Fmmfog+ go pm`gr eltgrhcjdecr crhbevms `gs`g hucoquegr pcrtg c trcvås `g sus `espmsetevms. @g oc jesjc amrjc, lms pgrjetg rgcoezcr hcjdems gl tegjpm rgco c gstms crhbevms. Fmmfog @revg supmlg ulc bgrrcjegltc acltãstehc pcrc gstu`ecltgs, frupms `g trcdckm y gjprgscs, `gde`m c su cfeoe`c` y acheoe`c` `g eltgrhcjdem c trcvås `g oc rg`.

Bgrrcjegltcs `g hmocdmrcheøl `g Fmmfog Cpps/ Fmmfog Xetgs Bgrrcjegltcs `g hmocdmrcheøl `g Fmmfog Cpps/ Fmmfog Xetgs Fmmfog Hcogl`cr

@gshrepheøl Hcogl`crems prevc`ms y hmjpcrte`ms9 vcrems hcogl`crems. 3>

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

Bgrrcjegltcs `g hmocdmrcheøl `g Fmmfog Cpps/ Fmmfog Xetgs Fmmfog Fjceo Fmmfog Pcoi Fmmfog @mhs. Fmmfog Xetg Fmmfog Qe`gms Fmmfog Frmups

Fmmfog @revg

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

@gshrepheøl Xgrvehem `g hmrrgm gl oêlgc frctuetm `g fmmfog, hml bgrrcjegltcs pcrc chhgsm jøveo. Jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, hbct `g tgxtm y vmz. ^rmhgscjegltm `g pcocdrcs, prgsgltchemlgs, bmkcs `g hãohuom y smatwcrg. Xetems `g hmocdmrcheøl gl gquepm pcrc hmjpcrter `mhujgltms, prmfrcjcs, hcogl`crems9 dushcr `mhujgltms y hrgcr weies gl frupm. Hmjpcrteheøl `g ve`gms hml bmspg`ckg prevc`m. Frupms hrgc`ms pmr oms usucrems hml oestc `g hmrrgms, hcogl`crems hmjpcrte`ms, `mhujgltms, setems y ve`gms9 sg pug`g rgcoezcr dûsqug`cs gl oms crhbevms. Gs ul oufcr sgfurm pcrc tm`ms tus crhbevms y tg pgrjetg tglgroms c jclm gl hucoquegr Xjcrtpbmlg, Pcdogt u mr`glc`mr. Oms crhbevms qug fucr`gs gl @revg (vê`gms, amtms, `mhujgltms, gth.) teglgl ulc hmpec `g sgfure`c` pcrc qug lulhc oms pegr`cs.

Fmmfog bc `gscrrmooc`m ulc poctcamrjc c`ehemlco dcsc`c gl wgd pcrc oc hmocdmrcheøl y hmjulehcheøl gl tegjpm rgco, hmlmhe`c hmjm FMMFOG VCQG (‟MOCX‚). Ocs  ‟Mocs‚ sml ‟hmlvgrschemlgs y `mhujgltms gl pcrtgs efucogs‚, gl `ml`g hucoquegr pcrtehepcltg `g ulc moc pug`g rgspml`gr gl hucoquegr pcrtg `go jglsckg, g`etcr go hmltgle`m y cfrgfcr m goejelcr pcrtehepcltgs gl hucoquegr pultm `go prmhgsm. Oms usucrems pug`gl vgr ocs rgspugstcs `g mtrms pcrtehepcltgs gl su ‟Ml`c‚ jegltrcs ocs gshredgl, hml om huco sg chgogr c go retjm `g oc `eshuseøl.

Jehrmsmat Xbcrg ^melt

Jehrmsmat Xbcrg ^melt gs go sestgjc `g hmocdmrcheøl jãs uteoezc`m c levgo jul`eco pcrc gjprgscs pgqugócs y jg`eclcs qug uteoezcl prm`uhtms `g sgrve`mr y rg`gs `g Jehrmsmat. 33

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

Xbcrg ^melt gs ulc poctcamrjc `g fgsteøl `g `mhujgltms y hmocdmrcheøl dcsc`c gl Vgd, oc huco sg hmjdelc hml ul pm`grmsm jmtmr `g dûsqug`c qug sg elstcoc gl oms sgrve`mrgs hmrpmrctevms.

Oms prm`uhtms y tghlmomfêcs `g Xbcrg ^melt prmvggl ulc poctcamrjc pcrc hmocdmrcheøl dcsc`c gl wgd c levgo gjprgscreco. ^m`gjms uscr Xbcrg ^melt pcrc bmspg`cr setems wgd qug mrfclehgl oc elamrjcheøl gl ulc udehcheøl hgltrco qug pgrjetc c oms gquepms hmmr`elcr ocs chteve`c`gs `g trcdckm, hmocdmrcr gl `mhujgltms y pudoehcroms, jcltglgr oestcs `g tcrgcs, ejpogjgltcr aoukms `g trcdckm y hmjpcrter elamrjcheøl c trcvås `g weie, domfs y chtucoezchemlgs `g gstc`m co gsteom Pwettgr. (Ocu`mj, 4>34) Ocs mrfclezchemlgs uscl Xbcrg^melt pcrc hrgcr setems wgd. Xg pug`g uscr hmjm ul oufcr sgfurm `ml`g cojchglcr, mrfclezcr y hmjpcrter elamrjcheøl `gs`g hucoquegr `espmsetevm, csê hmjm chhg`gr c gooc. Om qug lghgsetc gs ul gxpomrc`mr wgd, hmjm Jehrmsmat G`fg, Eltgrlgt Gxpomrgr, Hbrmjg m Aergamx.

^rm`uhtms y `gshcrfcs `g Xbcrg^melt

∔  Xbcrg^melt Mloelg; Wl sgrvehem dcsc`m gl oc ludg, bmspg`c`m pmr Jehrmsmat, pcrc gjprgscs `g tm`ms oms tcjcóms. Gl oufcr `g elstcocr g ejpogjgltcr Xbcrg^melt Xgrvgr omhco, hucoquegr gjprgsc pug`g sushredersg c ul pocl `g Maaehg 817 m co sgrvehem `g Xbcrg^melt Mloelg 34

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

el`gpgl`egltg. Xus gjpogc`ms pug`gl hrgcr setems pcrc hmjpcrter `mhujgltms g elamrjcheøl hml sus hmjpcógrms, csmhec`ms y hoegltgs. ∔  Xbcrg^melt Xgrvgr; Ocs mrfclezchemlgs pug`gl ejpogjgltcr y c`jelestrcr Xbcrg^melt Xgrvgr omhco m hml ulc sushrepheøl `g Maaehg 817 Gltgrpresg pcrc cprmvghbcr tm`cs ocs hcrchtgrêstehcs jãs rghegltgs. Elhouyg tm`cs ocs hcrchtgrêstehcs `g Xbcrg^melt Amul`cteml. C`gjãs, marghg hcrchtgrêstehcs y hcpche`c`gs c`ehemlcogs, hmjm pãfelcs `g setem jm`grlcs, hrgcheøl `g gogjgltms Vgd jm`grlms, oestcs y dedoemtghcs jm`grlcs, dûsqug`c jm`grlc, eltgfrcheøl hml ^mwgr Cpps, ^mwgr DE y Jehrmsmat Aomw, csê hmjm oc ^ãfelc prelhepco `g Xbcrg^melt. ∔  Xbcrg^melt Amul`cteml; Gstm smom gstã `espmledog pcrc Xbcrg^melt Xgrvgr 4>38, Xbcrg^melt Amul`cteml grc oc tghlmomfêc sudychgltg pcrc tm`ms oms setems `g Xbcrg^melt. Xbcrg^melt Amul`cteml (cltgremrjgltg Vel`mws Xbcrg^melt Xgrvehgs) gs frctuetm pcrc oc ejpogjgltcheøl omhco. ^ug`g uscr Xbcrg^melt Amul`cteml pcrc hrgcr juhbms tepms `g setems `ml`g pug`g hmocdmrcr gl pãfelcs wgd, `mhujgltms, oestcs, hcogl`crems y `ctms. ∔  Xbcrg^melt @gseflgr; Wl prmfrcjc frctuetm qug sg oclzø pmr ûotejc vgz gl 4>38. Wsc`m pcrc hrgcr smouhemlgs pmtgltgs bcdeoetc`cs pcrc go aoukm `g trcdckm. U qug sg usc pcrc g`etcr oms tepms `g hmltgle`m gxtgrlm pcrc ulc smouheøl `g `ctms gxtgrlms dcsc`c gl oms Xgrvehems `g hmlghteve`c` gjprgscreco.

∔  Mlg @revg pcrc oc Gjprgsc Xylh; Wl prmfrcjc `g gshretmrem qug pug`g uscr pcrc selhrmlezcr `mhujgltms setem `g frupm u Mlg @revg pcrc oc Gjprgsc c su gquepm pcrc su `gs`g usm selul hmlgxeøl. 38

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

Oestc `g hmjprmdcheøl pcrc oms fgrgltgs; Gvcoucheøl y sgoghheøl `g bgrrcjegltcs `g smatwcrg `g hmocdmrcheøl Hml tcltcs bgrrcjegltcs y sgrvehems `g hmocdmrcheøl `espmledogs, ½Højm pug`m gogfer oc tghlmomfêc `g hmocdmrcheøl hmrrghtc pcrc su gjprgsc= ^crc rgspml`gr gstc prgfultc, sg lghgsetc ul jcrhm `g trcdckm pcrc hmjprgl`gr hml gxchtetu` oms prmdogjcs qug gstcs bgrrcjegltcs gstcs `esgóc`cs pcrc rgsmovgr.

Wl jcrhm `g trcdckm qug bc se`m ûteo pcrc qug pm`cjms bcdocr smdrg ocs bgrrcjegltcs `g hmocdmrcheøl gs oc jctrez `g hmocdmrcheøl `g tegjpm/gspchem qug sg `gscrrmooø c prelhepems `g ocs `åhc`cs `g 355> jg`ecltg vcrems gru`etms `go trcdckm hmocdmrctevm. 30

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

Oc aulheøl `g oms sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl gl oms lgfmhems ½Sueål gs rgspmlscdog `g mpgrcroms= ½Sueål gs rgspmlscdog `g csgfurcrsg qug go bcr`wcrg, smatwcrg y `gjãs tghlmomfêcs uteoezc`cs pmr gstms sestgjcs gstål mpgrcl`m `g jclgrc cprmpec`c y gstål chtucoezc`ms= Gl tm`cs ocs gjprgscs gxhgptm ocs jãs pgqugócs, go `gpcrtcjgltm `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl gs oc ule`c` mrfclezchemlco amrjco rgspmlscdog `g oms sgrvehems `g tghlmomfêc. Go `gpcrtcjgltm `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl gs rgspmlscdog `g jcltglgr go bcr`wcrg, smatwcrg, cojchglcjegltm `g `ctms y ocs rg`gs qug hmjpmlgl oc elarcgstruhturc `g PE `g oc gjprgsc.

37

 

 

WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

@G^CTPCJGLPM @G XEXPGJCX @G ELAMTJCHEØL Gstg `gpcrtcjgltm gstã hmlamrjc`m pmr gspghecoestcs, hmjm prmfrcjc`mrgs, clcoestcs `g sestgjcs, oê`grgs `g cpmym y fgrgltgs `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl. ∔  Oms prmfrcjc`mrgs;  Xml gspghecoestcs tåhlehms hml ul cotm frc`m `g hcpchetcheøl, qug gshredgl ocs elstruhhemlgs  `go smatwcrg pcrc ocs hmjputc`mrcs. ∔  Oms clcoestcs `g sestgjc;  sestgjc;  Chtûcl hmjm glochgs prelhepcogs gltrg oms frupms `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl y go rgstm `g oc mrfclezcheøl. ∔  Oms fgrgltgs `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl; Xml oê`grgs `g gquepm `g prmfrcjc`mrgs y clcoestcs, fgrgltgs `g prmyghtms, fgrgltgs `g elstcochemlgs aêsehcs, fgrgltgs `g tgoghmjulehchemlgs m gspghecoestcs gl dcsg `g `ctms. Gl juhbcs gjprgscs, go `gpcrtcjgltm `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl gs `erefe`m pmr;

Wl `erghtmr `g elamrjcheøl (HEM); Go HEM gs ul fgrgltg `g levgo supgremr qug supgrvesc go usm `g oc tghlmomfêc y `g oc elamrjcheøl `g oc gjprgsc.

Go `erghtmr `g sgfure`c` (HXM); Gstã c hcrfm `g oc sgfure`c` `g oms sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl pcrc oc gjprgsc y gs rgspmlscdog `g ejpogjgltcr oc pmoêtehc `g sgfure`c` `g oc elamrjcheøl.

@erghtmr `g prevche`c` (H^M);  Go H^M gs rgspmlscdog `g csgfurcr qug oc hmjpcóêc hujpoc hml ocs ogygs gxestgltgs `g prevche`c` `g oms `ctms.

Go `erghtmr `go hmlmhejegltm (HIM);  Gs rgspmlscdog `go prmfrcjc `g c`jelestrcheøl `go hmlmhejegltm `g oc gjprgsc. Go HIM cyu`c c `esgócr prmfrcjcs y sestgjcs pcrc dushcr lugvcs augltgs `g hmlmhejegltm m bchgr ul jgkmr usm `go gxestgltg gl oms prmhgsms mrfclezchemlcogs y fgrglhecogs. (XC^. ‟Cohcl ^chicfelf Ejpogjglts jyXC^ XHJ tm Elhrgcsg , 4>>7)

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WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

Mrfclezcheøl `g ocs aulhemlgs `g oms sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl Gs hmjûl qug ocs hmjpcóêcs jãs frcl`gs tglfcl ul `gpcrtcjgltm sgpcrc`m `g sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl, go huco pug`g gstcr mrfclezc`m c om ocrfm `g vcrecs oêlgcs `esteltcs, `gpgl`egl`m `g oc lcturcogzc y oms eltgrgsgs `g oc gjprgsc.

Oc fmdgrlclzc `g PE elhouyg oc gstrctgfec y ocs pmoêtehcs pcrc uscr oc tghlmomfêc `g oc elamrjcheøl `gltrm `g ulc mrfclezcheøl. Gspgheaehc oms `grghbms `g `gheseøl y go jcrhm `g trcdckm pcrc oc rgl`eheøl `g hugltcs hml go ael `g csgfurcr qug go usm `g oc tghlmomfêc `g oc elamrjcheøl cpmyg ocs gstrctgfecs y mdkgtevms `g oc gjprgsc.

GQCOÛC PW ^TMFTGXM @G C^TGL@E[CKG;  @gspuås `g bcdgr ogê`m go jø`uom EEE hmltgstc ocs sefuegltgs prgfultcs. 3.  3.  ½^mr quå sml tcl ejpmrtcltgs oms sestgjcs pcrc oc hmocdmrcheøl y go trcdckm gl gquepm, y qug tghlmomfêcs uteoezcl= 4.  4.  ½Huão gs go pcpgo `g oc aulheøl `g oms sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl gl ulc gjprgsc=

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WLEQGTXE@C@ PGHLMOØFEHC @G BML@WTCX

JØ@WOM EEE; BGTTCJEGLPCX U PGHLMOMFECX ^CTC HMOCDMTCHEML U PTCDCKM GL GSWE^M Bgrrcjegltcs Xmatwcrg, jglsckgrêc elstcltãlgc, sestgjcs `g elamrjcheøl.

DEDOEMFTCAÊC Fmmfog ^ocy. 4>31. Fmmfog ^ocy. 4>31. bttps;//pocy.fmmfog.hmj/stmrg/cpps/`gtceos=e`:hmj.fm bttps;//pocy.fmmfog.hmj/stmrg/cpp s/`gtceos=e`:hmj.fmmfog.cl`rme`.cpps.`mhs&bo mfog.cl`rme`.cpps.`mhs&bo :gs-035.

Ocu`mj, Igllgtb H. 4>34. Xestgjcs `g Elamrjcheøl Fgrglheco. Jgxehm ; ^gcrsml G`uhcheøl, 4>34.

XC^. ‟Cohcl ^chicfelf Ejpogjglts jyXC^ XHJ tm Elhrgcsg . 4>>7. YGl oêlgcZ Cfmstm `g 4>>7. www.jyscp.hmj.

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