Módulo 3

 

  Daeastkrag `k K`ucfcaóe Cgikhag @feaki Gctfvag Crkspg @kpfrtfdketg `k Cakecafs Efturfiks y Kxfctfs Cætk`rf `k Vuädacf

Huäf `a`æctacf futg-aestruccagefi `k Vuädacf Rrkpfrf`g pgr Rrglksgrf Fheks K. Lgeh \.

@araha`g f kstu`afetks `k ^A ½ Hrupgs= F, J, C, @, K.

@urfcaóe `k 3 skdfefs Skdfef `ki 8 fi :; `k skptakdjrk Fög ikctavg :2:2

 

  Aetrg`uccaóe Ke kstf huäf `a`æctacf futg aestruccagefi vfdgs f cgetaeufr ki `ksfrrgiig `k prgjikdfs `k gr`ke dftkdætacg quk egs pkrdataræe rkfiazfr igs cæicuigs cgrrkspge`aketks f ifs cfeta`f`ks kstkquagdktracfs, y sk klkctufræe f pfrtar `k ifs dfsfs `f`fs ke hrfdgs g if cfeta`f` `k sustfecaf kxprksf`f ke dgiks. Ksfs rkifcageks egs pkrdataræe cgegckr ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `k uef sustfecaf cgesa`krfe`g su dfsf ke hrfdgs, g f pfrtar `k sus pgrcketfmks pg`kr `ktkrdaefr ifs lórduifs quädacfs kxpkradketfiks g vkr`f`krfs `k ifs dasdfs.

Cgetkea`g 6-  Kstkquagdkträf ke lórduif 6.6 Rgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe 6.:.   Lórduif kdpäracf 6.3.  Lórduif dgikcuifr :- Huäf `k kxfdke tradkstrfi y gjskrvfcageks sgjrk ki dasdg 3- Futgkvfiufcaóe 0- Zklkrkecafs jajiaghrælacfs

 

Pkdf E½ 6 Rrglf. Fheks Lgeh Rgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe Vuädacf ^A ² Gjmktavg== Cficuifr ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `k uef sustfecaf f pfrtar `k su lórduif quädacf. Gjmktavg F pfrtar `k ifs lórduifs quädacfs ks pgsajik gjtkekr if cgdpgsacaóe cketksadfi `k ue cgdpukstg quädacg, ks `kcar ki pgrcketfmk ke dfsf `k cf`f kikdketg quk lgrdf pfrtk `k ái. Ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `k ue cgdpukstg cgrrkspge`k f if sudf `k igs pgrcketfmks ke pksg `k cf`f kikdketg prksketk ke if sustfecaf. Ki pgrcketfmk (%) `k cgdpgsacaóe sk `ktkrdaef `k if sahuaketk lgrdf= 6-  Cficuifr ki pksg dgikcuifr pfrf ue (6) dgi `ki cgdpukstg. :-  @ava`ar if dfsf g pksg ftódacg `k cf`f kikdketg ketrk ki pksg dgikcuifr y duitapiacfrig pgr ki 622 %. 3-  Sudfr igs pgrcketfmks gjtkea`gs y tgtfiazfr ki 622 %. F cgetaeufcaóe, igs sahuaketks kmkdpigs= Kmkdpig 6 Ki gigr `k ifs pkrfs sk `kjk fi fcktftg `k prgpaig, cgdpukstg `k lórduif C ;N62G:. @ktkrdaek ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe g cgdpgsacaóe pgrcketufi pgr dfsf `ki cgdpukstg Rfsg 66- Cficuifr ki pksg dgikcuifr pfrf 6 dgi `ki cgdpukstg 6 dgi C;N62G: ; C 4 ; ^ 6:.26 h/dgi 4 g 11.11 %. % C;N62G: 4 ;>.>0 %C + 1.>2 % N + 36.3< % G 4 622 % Egtf== igs rksuitf`gs `k pgrcketfmk sk puk`ke rk`ge`kfr ke su rkspukstf, sakdprk quk kstk rk`ge`kg Egtf eg flkctk if rkspukstf laefi `ki 622 %. Sk rkcgdake`f fmustfr cge rk`ge`kg 6 g dæxadg : `k igs rksuitf`gs y eg tg`gs, pfrf fsä kvatfr fitkrfr ki tgtfi `ki pgrcketfmk. Ke ki kmkdpig fetkragr rk`ge`kfdgs ki % `k N.

 

Kmkdpig : If dgrlaef pkrtkekck f uef cifsk `k dk`acfdketgs iifdf`gs fefihásacgs gpaæckgs (efrcótacgs). Luecagef fi cfdjafr if dfekrf ke quk ki ckrkjrg y ki sastkdf ekrvagsg rkspge`ke fi `gigr. @ktkrdaek ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `k if dgrlaef cuyf lórduif quädacf ks C68N61EG3. 6dgi C68N61EG3 68 C 4 68 ^ 6:.26 h/dgi 4 :20.68 h/dgi 61 N 4 61 ^ 6.22 h/dgi 4 61.22 h/dgi  6 E 4 6 ^ 60.22 h/dgi 4 60.22 h/dgi 3 G 4 3 ^ 6.22 h/dgi :>;.68 h/dgi % C 4 :20.68 h/dgi ^ 622 4 86.;.68 h/dgi % N 4 61.22 61.22 h/dgi ^ 622 4 .22 0>.22 h/dgi ^ 622 4 63 % :>;.68 h/dgi % C68N61EG3 4 86..18 h/dgi

% R 4 32.18 h/dgi ^ 622 4 :2.>2 % 60>.18 h/dgi

 

  % G 4 .61 % E + >.2; % N + :2.>2 % R + 0:.1< % G 4 622 % Ki pgrcketfmk `k lóslgrg quk prksketf ki lkrtaiazfetk ks `k :2.>2 %? ki dasdg ks óptadg pfrf ki juke `ksfrrgiig `k ifs rfäcks y ligrks fjue`fetks ke ifs pifetfs. Ke fihuefs gcfsageks sgig ks ekcksfrag `ktkrdaefr ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `k ueg `k igs cgdpgeketks `k if lórduif quädacf. Rfrf kiigs sk klkctýf ki cæicuig sgig pfrf ksk kikdketg, pgr kmkdpig Kmkdpig 0 Ke if lfjracfcaóe `k pfpki sk utaiazf lgslftg `k sg`ag cgdpukstg `k lórduif quädacf Ef 3RG0 cgdg fhketk jifequkf`gr, `ktkrdaek ki pgrcketfmk `k cgdpgsacaóe `ki sg`ag prksketk ke ki cgdpukstg. 6 dgi Ef3RG0 3 Ef 4 3 ^ ::.13 h/dgi 4 .81 h/dgi 6 R 4 6 ^ 32.18 h/dgi 4 32.18 h/dgi 0 G 4 0 ^ 6.02 % 4 3>.02 h N 4 0.>2 % 4 0.>2 h Ci 4 ;2 % 4 ;2 h Rfsg : Cficuifr igs dgiks `k cf`f kikdketg, pfrf kiig `ava`f igs hrfdgs `ki kikdketg ketrk su pksg ftódacg. Zkcukr`k quk igs dgiks (e) sk gjtakeke fi `ava`ar igs hrfdgs ketrk ki pksg ftódacg `ki kikdketg, g skf, e4 h/p.f. eC 4 3>.02 h 4 3.:2 dgi 6:.26 h/dgi eN 4 0.>2 h 4 0.>2 dgi 6.22 h/dgi

 

  eCi 4 ;2 h 4 6..6< dgi

 

  eG 4 03.:2 h 4 :.82 dgi 6.6< dgi 4 3   :.82 dgi G 4 :.82 dgi 4 6 :.82 dgi Rfsg 0 Cufe`g ueg `k igs vfigrks kecgetrf`gs `k if rfzóe `k eýdkrgs ketkrgs egs `k vfigr lrfccagefrag, `kjkdgs duitapiacfr pgr ue ketkrg quk ig cgevakrtf ke ue eýdkrg ketkrg. Ke kstk cfsg ki Cfrjgeg egs `ag 6.;, `kdfsaf`g ikmgs pfrf rk`ge`kfrig f `gs. @k dg`g quk ig quk nfrkdgs ks duitapiacfrig pgr `gs pfrf cgevkrtarig ke ue eýdkrg ketkrg, `k if sahuaketk dfekrf C 4 6.; x : 4 3 N43^:4< G46^:4: Egtf= cgdg nujg quk duitapiacfr fi cfrjgeg pgr `gs (:) pfrf kecgetrfr ki vfigr ketkrg `k trks (3). Igs Egtf= vfigrks `ki Na`róhkeg y ki Gxähkeg tfdjaáe `kjke skr duitapiacf`gs pgr `gs. Egtf= sa fi duitapiacfr pgr ki vfigr `k `gs (:) eg sk kecuketrf ki vfigr ketkrg, duitapiaquk ketgecks pgr Egtf= trks (3). Rfsg ; Kxprksfr if lórduif kdpäracf kecgetrf`f pfrf ki cgdpukstg. Rfrf kiigs igs vfigrks eudáracgs kecgetrf`gs sk trfeslgrdfræe ke igs sujäe`acks `k if lórduif Lórduif kdpäracf= C3N