Module 1

MODULE 1 – BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EDUCATIONAL PLANNING LESSON 1 – FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING 1. Why is there a need for educational planning?

There is a need for educational planning it is the instrument for providing needed coordination and direction of the different components of an educational system. It also answer that widely accepted long term goals such as universal primary education are approach objectively. It provides a realistic appraisal of the country’s resources which is important factor in the successful implementation of the plan.

2. As a planner / administrators, how do you understand the term “educational development?” Suggest other facets of educational development.

Educational development as a planner or administrators means expanding the facilities to match numbers with needs of the clientele; diversifying teaching – learning situations as well as their content to suit the varying demands of society; promoting lifelong learning through the provisions of education for all in-school and out-of-school youths and adults; and establishing an effective “challenge response” relationship between economic and social development, on one side and education on the other.

Other facets of educational development

LESSON 2 – FOUNDATIONS OD EDUCATIONAL PLANNING

1. What are the principal cost elements of education? 1. Investment in capital such as school buildings, school site and others.

2. Current cost – Teachers salaries, books, chalk and other materials. 3. Indirect cost

2. What do you understand by education as consumption and as investment? Give specific example.

Education is consumption because it satisfies the needs and provides utilities. It also spends money for the school facilities, teachers’ salaries, books and other materials that cost so much money. It is an investment if it contributes to the economic growths in general and the increase of individual income in particular.

3. How should educational planners respond to the challenges of population dynamics?

Educational planners should explore new avenue including major reforms of educational structure and contents. The response to population dynamics lies in innovation rather than expansion. The management of population is a vital to economic development which can be achieved by educational and economic measures. It is appropriate that planners know their role in population education. One of the most significant contributions of education to national development is to inculcate in our people the awareness of the vital and pressing need; to control population growth or decline and to manage population processes and to explain the national development is not exclusively economic development.

LESSON 3 – LEVELS OF EDUCATIONAL PLANNING

1. Why is institutional planning important and necessary?

Institutional planning is important and necessary because it’s the primary objective is to make the best utilization of existing resources and they emphasize human efforts rather than additional money investment. Education is essentially a stretch process whereby teachers and students stretch themselves and their resources to the utmost.

2. Formulate skeletal framework of an institutional plan for any school / institutional in your locality.

MODULE 2: TRENDS IN EDUCATIONAL PLANNING Lesson 1: Educational Planning in the Philippines TEST AND APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. Cite some examples of educational planning activities that were performed before the adoption of the present educational planning activities.

Examples of Educational Planning Activities are:

a. Commonwealth Act No. 2 s. 1953 National Economic Council (NEC) – Central authority responsible for the formulation of definite and consistent national economic policies and the preparation of comprehensive economic and social development plan.

b. Executive Order No. 17 s. 1962

Program Implementation Agency (PIA) – to continue the NEC development.

c. 1966 – Philippine Economic Staff (PES) NEC on Planning PES on Programming

d. Executive Order No. 53 s. 1966 – created the Manpower Development Council (MDC)

e. National Economic And Development Authority (NEDA)

f. Republic Act No. 1124 – Board of National Education

g. DepEd Memo No. 10,s. 1965 (DECCEP) Department of Education Coordinating Committee for Educational Planning

2. What office is now charged with overseeing the preparation of educational plans in the Department of Education? State briefly its functions.

National Economic and Development Agency (NEDA) is now charged in the preparation of educational plans in the Department of Education.

Function of NEDA:

1. For recommend and continue coordinated and fully integrated social and economic plans and programs.

2. Answering government development programs.

3. To coordinates development policies and monitor project activities.

Lesson 2: Planning for Quality TEST AND APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. What is planning for quality?

Planning for quality is to shaping the quality or excellence of life. To device better methods of measuring or assessing the elements of quality that lend themselves to quantitative treatment and to make clear for emphasize the aspects of quality.

2. In your specific locality, which of the five areas for improving quality in education should be given priority? Why?

I think it is the Curriculum – Instructional Materials and Methods, because if the curricular assessment and redesigning, including use of textbooks and other instructional materials are not suitable it is the weak point for improving the quality in education. A good textbook could help the good teacher and strengthened the weak one. And the use of innovative techniques and instructional materials must need in our present education and for the future use. To met the quality education to elevate its standards.

Lesson 3: Participatory Planning

TEST AND APPLY YOUR KNOWLEGDE 1. Do you encourage participatory planning in your locality? Why?

I am not in favor in participatory planning because it is the distribution of decision – making power to all those affected by decisions. Wherein there is an area which factual arguments, power issues, and value judgment are inextricably linked. And it maybe the hindrance or contradict for your plans.

2. Who are the people involved in the formulation of your plan? What is their role in your planning activities?

The following are the people involved in the formulation of my plan and their role:

Students: the clients served by a school

Teachers: the major element of the professional staff

School Administrators: principals, supervisors and superintendents

Parents: for consultation

Lesson 4: Integrated Planning TEST AND APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. What is integrated development planning?

Integrated Development Planning as "a holistic view of planning; as its name implies, it embraces the full spectrum of planning functions at a postsecondary institution, including, but not limited to: academic, campus or master facilities, budgeting and financial resources, infrastructure, and strategic”. 2. Why do some development plans fail? Suggest some solutions.

There’s a failure on some development because of failure of plan delineation happens in two ways: first, there is a tendency of bureaucrats to not define any goal in a manner in which one could be held responsible for failure to attain it, and second, there is often a dichotomy of interest which is left unaddressed. The result is frequently a goal or mission statement that means different things to different people and/or one which explicitly articulates a goal which is implicitly contrary to behavioral intentions. In human services, for example, the habitual actions toward control of people with problems in living substantiate the implicit intent to protect society, while most mission or policy statement emphasize the effort to help people with problems in living. The devil is in the details. Social planning and policy thus becomes an exercise in rhetoric, rather than a principled debate leading to an agreed upon plan of action to meet intended outcomes.

Lesson 5: Decentralized Planning in the Philippines TEST AND APPLY YOUR KNOWLEDGE 1. What is decentralized educational planning?

 It mobilizes grass roots (sub rational level) participation in planning to support the country’s social and economic development objectives.  It bridges the socio – economic, cultural and resources disparities between disadvantage and better endowed area.

2. Give at least 9 indicators in identifying DDU elementary schools in your locality.

9 Indicators of DDU (Disadvantage Depressed School Understand ) in our locality are as follows:

1. Survival rate 2. Participation Rate 3. Pre – student Allocation 4. Time required to reach the district, school from the district office 5. Distance of district from the division office 6. Ratio of teacher per supervisor in the district 7. Drop - out Rate 8. Teacher – student Ratio 9. Availability of electricity and potable water in the district