Module 01 - Introduction Facts on Japan
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JAPANESE BASICS...
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Brief History of Japan
an island nation in the North Pacific, off the eastern coast of Asia
land area is about 144,000 square miles, or 372,000 square kilometers
about one-twenty-fifth (1/25th) the size of the United States
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Japan’s Four Main Islands
Honshu (main)
Hokkaido (northernmost)
Kyushu (southernmost)
Shikoku (smallest)
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Temperature Zones
range from the subarctic to the subtropical
Hokkaido, far to the north, is cold and snowy.
Okinawa, far to the south, is hot and humid.
Tokyo, on the main island of Honshu, is the halfway point between these extremes of climate.
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Japan’s Sights and Attractions
the great superhighways advanced computer technology high fashion and avant-garde pop culture wood-and-paper houses streets too narrow for a car handcrafted folkware tea ceremony Kabuki theater sumo wrestling
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The Major Cities in order of Population Size
Tokyo (the capital)
Yokohama
Osaka
Nagoya
Sapporo
Kobe
Kyoto
Fukuoka
Kawasaki
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Four Seasons
spring – March-May •
rainy – mid of May to mid of July
summer – mid of July-August
fall/autumn – September-November
winter – December-February
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Japan’s Culture and Traditions
Japanese culture is remarkably intact.
geography and history played a role.
virtually isolated from the rest of the world for two and a half centuries
The Japanese people were free from outside contacts for so long, their own traditions became stronger.
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Japan’s Culture and Traditions
Today, despite Western influences, the Japanese adhere to their unique customs and values.
The Japanese rarely shake hands with each other.
Extending hand for a handshake is offensive.
A greeting, hug or kiss, could be offensive unless you know the person very well.
Open displays of affection are rare.
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The Japanese Bow
when meeting or greeting people
an old and important custom
part of the prescribed rules of etiquette and respect
The kind and degree of bow depends on the relationship between the two people, the relative status, age, obligation, and feeling of respect.
There are even rules for who bows lower to whom.
so instinctive that they bow even when talking on the phone
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To Bow or not to Bow?
Non-Japanese are not expected to bow.
If a Japanese will bow, do the same if you are comfortable.
Just lean forward from the waist, keep your head down, and you’ll do just fine.
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Japan – a Country of Gift-giving and Receiving
They may be token souvenirs, or much more.
The Japanese don’t expect anything in return.
Use both hands when receiving a gift.
A Japanese does not open gifts in front of you, he waits until you leave.
It’s all right to open gifts in front of a Japanese.
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Fine Hotels
could equal with fine hotels anywhere
There are many Western-style hotels of various types and standards.
Business Hotel – a new kind of hotel
Hotels are convenient, efficient and usually quite reasonable.
offer clean, comfortable rooms and no-frills service
often located near the center of town within easy walking distance of train and subway stations.
Lobbies are plain, the rooms are very small, and few have room service.
For many travelers, the price is right.
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Ryokan
– a Japanese-style Inn
a good way to experience everyday Japanese customs firsthand
inns offer traditional and authentic Japanese flavor
Minshuku – guest houses that take in travelers.
often located in resort and vacation areas; charge reasonable rates
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The Japanese Bath (Ofuro)
A ritual meant for relaxing and unwinding as much as for cleansing.
The law of the Japanese bath: ―no soap inside the tub.‖ Rinse, soap, and scrub yourself outside — you’ll find spigots, basins, and perhaps a small stool to sit on — then rinse off all the soap and enter the tub. It’s deep, and the water is usually very hot.
Toilet is located in a room by itself usually with a small sink.
Slippers are left outside the door.
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Subway and Commuter Train
fast, clean and efficient subway and commuter train systems
a complex system of public and private trains crisscrossing and encircling the urban areas, and linking with the subways
Yamanote sen – the line that encircles, or loops around the city’s downtown area in Tokyo.
Kanjo sen – the loop line in Osaka
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan A. Castles (Joo)
Himeji Castle Osaka Castle Dramatic Nijo Castle
B. Gardens
Japan is a garden-lover’s dream. 132 have been designated masterpieces to be preserved and maintained under the Valuable Cultural Properties Act of Japan.
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan C. Two Famous Hot Springs
Noboribetsu in Hokkaido – features a ―Valley of Hell‖ Beppu in Oita Prefecture, Kyushu – has a ―hell‖ – boiling mud ponds
D. Museums
Tokyo National Museum – houses 85,000 objects; the largest museum in Japan Kyoto National Museum – established in 1868; repository for art objects and treasures from temples, shrines and individual collections; has 10,000 objects. Kyoto Municipal Museum of Traditional Industry – outstanding displays of lacquer, bamboo, silk, paper, and ceramic objects. Kurashiki Folkcraft Museum
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan E. Palaces and Imperial Villas
The Imperial Palace – where the Imperial family resides Katsura Imperial Villa
F. Shrines
sacred Shinto places of worship. Shinto – the indigenous religion of Japan embodies the deep Japanese respect for nature Ise Shrine – most venerated of all Shinto shrines
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan G. Temples
Todaiji – famous as the site of the world’s largest bronze statue of Buddha Horyuji – has about 40 buildings; contains a fabulous collection of Japanese sculpture and art treasures
H. Films and Theaters
Foreign-made films Japanese Films Samurai Adventure Film
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan I. Three Major Forms of Traditional Japanese Theater
Bunraku Kabuki Noh
J. Flower Arrangement
Ikebana – flower arrangement, originally emphasized natural materials — flowers, leaves, grasses, and branches — and the way they were used to express harmony with nature.
the arrangement of the main branches or sprays signify sky, earth and mankind.
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan K. Games
Pachinko Mahjong
L. Spectacular Sports
Sumo Baseball Golf Swimming Skiing and Snowboarding
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High Points of Sight-seeing in Japan
M. Food and Drinks
Dining Japanese-style eating
N. Tipping
no need to tip in Japanese restaurants service charge is added to the bill
O. Towels
dining/drinking begins with a refreshing hot or cold damp towel for the hands and face Hot or cold towel – oshibori
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Most Popular Japanese Dishes
Sushi Tempura Yakitori Sukiyaki Shabu shabu Sashimi Teppanyaki – (teppan yaki) Kushikatsu Tonkatsu Soba and udon – (soba to udon) Ramen – (ramen)
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Some Special Cuisines
Kaiseki ryori
Shojin ryori
Kyodo ryori
Robata yaki – (robata yaki)
Fugu ryori
Unagi ryori
Tofu ryori
Tamago yaki
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Some Basic Food
Bean curd – tofu or otofu
Bean paste soup – miso shiru
Clear soul – suimono or osuimono
Japanese horseradish – wasabi
Japanese hot pepper – togarashi
Japanese pickles – otsukemono
Japanese rice wine – osake or sake
Japanese tea – ocha
Japanese green tea – ryokucha
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Some Basic Food
Japanese roasted tea – hojicha
Pickled plums – umeboshi
Pickled radish – takuan
Cooked rice – gohan
Uncooked rice – okome or kome
Seaweed – nori
Soy sauce – oshoyu or shoyu
Sweet rice wine – mirin
Japanese soup stock – dashi
Dried fish – himono
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Eating the Japanese Way: A Few Pointers
Menus are not always provided.
Prices are not always listed.
Desserts are not traditional with Japanese meals.
Japanese noodles may be slurped nosily — it’s quite proper, and may even indicate you’re enjoying the flavor.
Soy sauce is not poured on white rice.
Soup is served in individual lacquer bowls, without spoons.
Chopsticks are easy.
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Governance
Japan is a parliamentary form of government.
The Prime Minister is the head of the State.
The head of the Monarchy is the Emperor.
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Other Information
Travel time – it takes three and a half hours by plain directly from Manila going to the Narita International Airport in Tokyo.
Time difference – Japan time is advanced exactly one hour compared to Philippine time.
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