Modul Kem201052 English Pmr[1]

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI TERENGGANU

KEM AKADEMI 20 10 5 2

MODULE SPECIAL OPS PMR 2012 ENGLISH LANGUAGE YEN TIN MIDTOWN HOTEL, KUALA TERENGGANU 17 – 19 SEPTEMBER 2012

PREPARED BY EXCELLENT TEACHERS: NO 1.

NAME NORLIZA BT MAT SALLEH

SCHOOL SBPI BATU RAKIT

DISTRICT K.TERENGGANU

2.

FARIDAH BINTI YUSOF

SM (SAINS) DUNGUN

DUNGUN

3.

5.

NAHAZIRA BINTI NASIR

SMK BADRUL ALAM SHAH SMK SULTAN ISMAIL 2 SMK TENGKU IBRAHIM

KEMAMAN

4.

NURDIANA BT JAFFAR @ JAMPAR ROSMA' INAH BT OSMAN

KEMAMAN SETIU

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

SLOT 1

AROUND THE WORLD

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The Most Important Events 1. The Wager Description Phileas Fogg spends most of his time at the Reform Club where he eats his meals and plays cards with his friends. It is during a card-playing session that Fogg gets involved in a discussion about a bank robbery and the possibility of travelling around the world in 80 days. His wager of twenty thousand pound, with Andrew starts his journey around the world. Of course, back then, this would have been near to impossible, for they did not have the technology we have today. If he fails to make it back to the club in exactly 80 days, he will lose half of his fortune. This highlights the characteristic of Phileas as a very determine person when he agrees to wager half of his fortune just to prove that he will be back on Saturday, December 21st at 8.45 p.m. Besides, when his friends challenge him to complete the journey in a short span of 80 days, Fogg is extremely excited and confident to take up this challenge. He believes that one can make it if one is precise and efficient enough. Being a very punctual, meticulous and strict person, it is possible for Phileas Fogg to succeed.

Important Points Description of Characteristics determine, confident, brave Lesson learnt 1. We must be a brave person like Phileas. 2. I learnt to be a confident person to accept any challenge. 3. The event teaches me to be a determine person. Theme determination , confidence, bravery

2. Saves Auoda In The Forest Description On the way to Allahabad on the elephant's back through the forest, suddenly Fogg and his companion meet a group of bandits who have kidnapped the daughter of a wealthy merchant. Phileas Fogg is indeed a brave man and not afraid to risk his life to save someone from harm. He shows his bravery when he decides to save Aouda, even he does not know who she is before he attempts the rescue. He has to risk his life and freedom to rescue Aouda but Fogg is willing to do whatever is within his reach to free her from her kidnappers. First and foremost, Fogg waits until it is dark and goes to the hut; he cuts open the hut and rescues Aouda who looks half-dead. They decide to save the kidnapped Aouda by breaking down the walls of the hut where she has been kept. In addition to this, Fogg quickly runs and climbs onto Kiouni when the bandits chase after them. He safely tucks Aouda in one of the howdahs with her still sleeping soundly. Last but not least, to make sure Aouda is safe, Phileas Fogg offers to take Aouda to Hong Kong, his next destination. This event portrays the caring side of Fogg as he is willing to delay his journey to Allahabad in order to rescue Aouda from the bandits.

Important Points Description of Characteristics brave, caring Lesson learnt 1. We must be a brave person like Phileas. 2. I learnt to be a caring person towards others. Theme bravery

3. Fights with the outlaws on the train Description

Important Points

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 During the train journey across America, the train that brings Fogg and his companion is attacked by the outlaws. They swarm the carriages and fight with the passengers. The conductor, who is attacked, cries that if the train is not stopped, it will surely crash. Passepartout hears this too and bravely he slips under the train carriages. He removes the safety chains and a violent jolt separates the train and the engine. The train comes to a standstill near Kearney Fort station. The soldiers of the fort hear firing and rush to help. The outlaws run away. But when the passengers are counted on the station platform, it is found that several are missing, including Passepartout. Passepartout and some other train passengers are kidnapped. Once again, Fogg displays his caring side, heads out to rescue Passepartout. At first, he wants to get Passepartout from the outlaws by himself but later is helped by thirty volunteer soldiers. He even gives 5000 pounds to the soldiers as a reward. This shows his great concern to his butler, Passepartout. This event almost derails Fogg's plan. Despite being left behind by the train, Fogg does not panic. Fix helps to get a sled to New York. However, they miss the steamer, The China, to Liverpool.

Description of Characteristics brave(Phileas and Passepartout), caring Lesson learnt 1. We must be a brave person like Phileas and Passepartout 2. I learnt to be a caring person towards others. Theme bravery

SAMPLE QUESTION (1) Based on one of the novels, write about a character you like most. SAMPLE ANSWER 1 Based on the novels above, I would like to choose “Around The World In 80 Days” written by Jules Verne . The story is about an adventure around the world which has to be completed in 80 days. In the novel, a character that I like most is Phileas Fogg, the main character. I like him the most because he has a really calm characteristic. It is proven when he does not even nag to anyone although he was imprisoned. He just sits there and looks at his watch without saying a word to anyone. If I were him I would have cried as loudly as I could, knowing that I am accused in robbing a bank. I also like him because he is really brave to help Auoda who is going to be killed by bandits. He also fights with the bandits when they try to catch Auoda once again on the train. This shows that he is very brave. I think, with all the good and positive qualities portrayed in the character of Phileas Fogg, it is undeniable that he is a likeable character in the story. SAMPLE QUESTION 2 Based on one of the novels, write about a character you find interesting. Give evidence from the novel to support your answer SAMPLE ANSWER 2 Based on the novel „Around The World In 80 Days‟ written by Jules Verne, the character which I find interesting is the main character, Phileas Fogg. He is said to have an interesting character because he is a very calm person. He did not even nag to anyone when he was imprisoned. He just sat there and looked at his watch without saying a word to anyone. If I were him, I would have cried as loudly as I could knowing that I am accused in robbing a bank. Brave is also his characteristic that I find interesting as he helped Auoda who was going to be killed by the bandits and also bravely fought the bandits when they tried to catch Auoda once again on the train. So these are some of the reasons why I said that Phileas Fogg is an interesting character.

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SAMPLE QUESTION 3 Based on one of the novels, write about any event that you find interesting in the story.. Give evidence from the novel to support your answer. SAMPLE ANSWER 3 Jules Verne has portrayed many interesting events in the novel „Around The World In 80 Days‟ and I find the part where Philea Fogg fights with the bandits on the train is the most interesting. It started when the train suddenly stopped but not long after that it started moving again. However, a loud shouts and noises were heard from the outside. As it turned out, a gang of close one hundred men had attacked the train. They moved from car to car and took whatever they could from the poor travellers. The train was going to crash. Luckily, Passerpartout managed to pull the brakes and the train stopped but unfortunately he was taken away with other passengers by the bandits. It was an excitement part as Philleas Fogg wanted to save Passepartout alone by himself and that had proven that he was really brave. If I were him I would think twice as there are so many bandits and I am really sure that I could not handle them by my own. At last the captain offered Phileas thirty volunteers to help him to fight the bandits. On the next day, at dawn Phileas Fogg and Passepartout were seen otheir way back and they were safe. This event actually has captured my interest throughout the story as it really shows the bravery of Phileas Fogg and Passepartout.

Sample Question and Answer 1. Name one character that is interesting a) A Caring/Concern Character The novel entitled „Around the World in 80 Days‟ written by Jules Verne introduces many interesting characters. A character that is caring/concerned is Phileas Fogg. On the way to Allahabad on the elephant's back through the forest, suddenly Fogg and his companion meet a group of bandits who have kidnapped the daughter of a wealthy merchant. Fogg is indeed a brave man and not afraid to risk his life to save someone from harm. To make sure that Aouda is safe, Fogg offers to take Aouda to Hong Kong, his next destination. This event portrays that Fogg is a caring/concern person as he is willing to delay his journey to Allahabad in order to rescue Aouda from the bandits. During the train journey across America, the train that brings Fogg and his companion is attacked by the outlaws. They swarm the carriages and fight with the passengers. But when the passengers are counted on the station platform, it is found that several are missing, including Passepartout. Passepartout and some other train passengers are kidnapped. Once again, Fogg displays his concern/caring side by heading out to rescue Passepartout. At first, he wants to get Passepartout from the outlaws by himself but later is helped by thirty volunteer soldiers. He even gives 5000 pounds to the soldiers as a reward. This shows his great care/concern of his butler, Passepartout. All in all, Fogg is indeed a very caring/concern character as he takes the trouble and risks his life to save Aouda and Passepartout even though the events have almost derailed his plan. 5

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

b) A Brave/Determined Character The novel entitled „Around the World in 80 Days‟ written by Jules Verne introduces many interesting characters. A character that is brave/determined is Phileas Fogg. During a card-playing session at the Reform Club, Fogg gets involved in a discussion about a bank robbery and the possibility of travelling around the world in 80 days. His wager of twenty thousand pound, with Andrew starts his journey around the world. Of course, back then, this would have been near to impossible, for they did not have the technology we have today. If he fails to make it back to the club in exactly 80 days, he will lose half of his fortune. It is evident that Fogg is a very brave/determine person when he agrees to wager half of his fortune just to prove that he will be back on Saturday, December 21st at 8.45 p.m. In another instance, Fogg shows his bravery/determination in the adventures to save Aouda. He is brave/determined to save Aouda by risking his life and freedom to rescue Aouda. Fogg is willing to do whatever is within his reach to free her from her kidnappers. First and foremost, Fogg waits until it is dark and goes to the hut, he cuts open the hut and rescues Aouda who looks half-dead. In addition to this, Fogg quickly runs and climbs onto Kiouni when the bandits chase after them. Fogg safely tucks Aouda in one of the howdahs with her still sleeping soundly. Last but not least, to make sure Aouda is safe, Fogg offers to take Aouda to Hong Kong, his next destination. Fogg shows great bravery/determination when he never gives up, despite the odds. He embarks on journey which is full of adventures and surprises.He hired boats, rides on an elephant, takes over a ship, rides on a sled with sails and even hires a train in order to achieve his goal. In conclusion, Fogg has succeeded in many things. He wins the wager and proves that man can travel around the world in 80 days. Most importantly he saves Aouda, confesses his love and marries her; and everything is because of his bravery/strong determination. 2. Lesson Learnt / Moral Value a) We must be a brave/determine person Jules Verne, the writer of "Around the World in 80 Days" has taught us many valuable lessons through his story. One of the lessons is that we must be a brave/determine person. This lesson can be seen in the main character, Phileas Fogg. He is indeed a very brave / determine person when he agrees to wager half of his fortune just to prove that he will be back on Saturday, December 21st at 8.45 p.m. It has all begun during a card-playing session at the Reform Club, Fogg gets involved in a discussion about a bank robbery and the possibility of travelling around the world in 80 days. His wager of twenty thousand pound, with Andrew starts his journey around the world. Of course, back then, this would have been near to impossible, for they did not have the technology we have today. If he fails to make it back to the club in exactly 80 days, he will lose half of his fortune. Thus, from this event it is evident that Fogg is a very brave/determine person. In another event, we also learn to be a brave/determine person from Fogg. He shows his bravery/determination in the adventures to save Aouda. He is brave/determined to save Aouda by risking his life and freedom to rescue Aouda. Fogg is willing to do whatever is within his reach to free her from her kidnappers. First and foremost, Fogg waits until it is dark and goes to the hut, he cuts open the hut and rescues Aouda who looks half-dead. In addition to this, Fogg quickly runs and climbs onto Kiouni when the bandits chase after them. 6

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Fogg safely tucks Aouda in one of the howdahs with her still sleeping soundly. Last but not least, to make sure Aouda is safe, Fogg offers to take Aouda to Hong Kong, his next destination. Passepartout also teaches us to be a very brave / determine person. This is clearly portrayed during the train journey across America, the train that brings Fogg and his companion is attacked by the outlaws. They swarm the carriages and fight with the passengers. The conductor, who is attacked, cries that if the train is not stopped, it will surely crash. Passepartout hears this too and bravely/with determination he slips under the train carriages. He removes the safety chains and a violent jolt separates the train and the engine. The train comes to a standstill near Kearney Fort station. The soldiers of the fort hear firing and rush to help. The outlaws run away. This event has proven the bravery / determination of Passepartout. In a nutshell, we must be brave / determine in taking such a risk to save other people's lives.

b) We must be a caring/concern person Jules Verne, the writer of "Around the World in 80 Days" has taught us many valuable lessons through his story. One of the lessons is that we must be a caring/concern person. This lesson is highlighted in the event when Fogg and his companion are on the way to Allahabad on the elephant's back through the forest. Suddenly they meet a group of bandits who have kidnapped the daughter of a wealthy merchant. Phileas Fogg is indeed a brave man and not afraid to risk his life to save someone from harm. He decides to save Aouda, even he does not know that she is before he attempts the rescue. He has to risk his life and freedom to rescue Aouda but Fogg is willing to do whatever is within his reach to free her from her kidnappers. First and foremost, Fogg waits until it is dark and goes to the hut; he cuts open the hut and rescues Aouda who looks half-dead. They decide to save the kidnapped Aouda by breaking down the walls of the hut where she has been kept. In addition to this, Fogg quickly runs and climbs onto Kiouni when the bandits chase after them. He safely tucks Aouda in one of the howdahs with her still sleeping soundly. Last but not least, to make sure Aouda is safe, Phileas Fogg offers to take Aouda to Hong Kong, his next destination. This event portrays the caring side of Fogg as he is willing to delay his journey to Allahabad in order to rescue Aouda from the bandits. Once again, Fogg displays his caring side, heads out to rescue Passepartout. At first, he wants to get Passepartout from the outlaws by himself but later is helped by thirty volunteer soldiers. He even gives 5000 pounds to the soldiers as a reward. This shows hi great concern to his butler, Passepartout. As a conclusion, we must be caring for/concern about others so that we will be loved and cared for too.

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3. Major Themes a) The journey around the world in the challenged eighty days. The novel "Around the World in 80 Days" by Jules Verne highlights many themes. One of the themes is the journey around the world in the challenged eighty days. This is the main theme of the novel and connected to it, is the main character, the hero of the story. Phileas Fogg is challenged by fellow whist players as to whether he can complete a journey around the world in the short span of eighty days. Fogg is extremely excited to take up this challenge, as he believes that if one is precise and efficient enough can make this journey possible. So he takes up the task and starts a hurried journey around the world. He has many ups and downs in this strenuous journey but he has a never say die attitude that sees him through. Entwined with the story of his travels is the one character who proves to be an obstacle once too often. He is the detective Fix and he suspects that, Fogg is a bank robber and that the hurried travel from one place to another is just a means of covering up the crime. So apart from natural hurdles and obstacles that Fogg has to face, he has the further machinations of detective Fix to circumvent. What is surprising is that Fogg does not suspect Fix and never smells a rat. In fact, Fogg helps Fix at more than one occasion. During the journey the focus of the author remains Fogg, his companions and their experiences. While the places that they pass through are described briefly they are not given any outstanding reference. They just form the background to the activities of the hero Fogg with his insurmountable, incorrigible will. The fact is that Fogg finds the love of his life-Aouda only because of this trip. At the end, Verne seems to be putting across a moral lesson-that challenges are not as important as finding true, abiding love and affection. Verne says that the heroic Fogg would not have attained as much from worldly accomplishments, as he does from finding lasting love with the charming Aouda. Fogg does win the challenge but only after an interesting episode. He himself thinks that he has reached a little late and has lost. But he and his group are unaware that they have actually reached a whole day earlier. Fortunately for them, even after they have given up, by a stroke of luck Fogg, Passepartout and Aouda find out that they still have a few minutes to reach the Reform Club and Fogg does! We are all glad that Fogg is the winner at the end.

b) The suspicion that Fogg might be the bank robber Jules Verne is an intelligent writer of the novel "Around the World in 80 Days" who must have known how to sustain the reader‟s interest. Knowing that Fogg‟s hurried journey around the world would not be interesting enough without entwined sub themes. Verne adds the theme of Fix‟s suspicion that Fogg is a bank robber. The narrator relates how a well-dressed gentleman was responsible for a huge robbery at the Bank of England. If we combine that fact with the knowledge of Fogg‟s eccentricities, even we as readers get a little curious as to whether Fogg could be a robber. After all Fogg could have readily accepted the challenge merely because it gave him a chance to flee London and to set out on a wild journey that would make him untraceable. This suspicion keeps us interested too, though we do realize that Fogg is an honorable man and would not commit such an attack. What Verne does manage to do is to create a mysterious aura 8

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 around Fogg. We learn that he has been a sailor too in the way that he handles the ship to Liverpool. Fix follows Fogg through the world after being completely convinced that the latter is the culprit. It is Fix who delays the journey innumerable times. These delays are challenges to Fogg who deals with them brilliantly, adding further interest value to the narrative. When Fix finally manages to arrest Fogg he finds out that his conviction was completely wrong. Fogg is innocent and is so angry that he gives Fix an amazing blow on his face. Later, Fogg feels sorry for Fix‟s unfortunate luck and gives him some money. The manner in which Fogg deals with Fix is truly gentleman like.

c) Fogg and Aouda’s love The novel "Around the World in 80 Days" by Jules Verne highlights many themes. One of the themes is love. When Fogg and his group are traveling through India, they come across a princess, who is being forced to commit „suttee‟ (suicide) for the sake of her dead husband. It is quite uncharacteristic of Fogg to get involved in others‟ affairs but he reiterates that he has some time to spare, which can be used in an effort to save the princess Aouda. The others agree to Fogg‟s idea and it is Passepartout who comes up with the winning trick that makes their effort successful. When Aouda comes to her senses, after the effect of opium has worn away she expresses her extreme gratefulness to her saviors. But the reader notices later that Aouda‟s gratitude is combined with deep affection in the case of Fogg. She starts loving him for his nobility and his courage. Moreover, he is a handsome man. While Fogg takes utmost care of Aouda one does not know whether it is out of love, or merely for duty‟s sake. He is extremely careful with her and is concerned about her safety. Passepartout can recognize Aouda‟s affection for Fogg but he too is not sure whether Fogg would feel the same as Auoda. The fact is that Fogg does have feelings for Aouda but he places his duty above his love. It is only at the end of their journey, at London that he confesses his love for her and they decide to get married. It is their decision to marry that enables Fogg to win the bet. For it is through the priest that they learn that they had actually reached London a whole day earlier. Fogg rushes to the Reform Club and is just in time for winning the challenge. Later, Verne underlines the fact that attaining Aouda‟s love was more important than winning a challenge. The theme of Fogg and Aouda‟s love adds romantic interest to the story. And, we learn the lesson that love conquers all and that is why it must be placed higher than material attainments.

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RALAT SLOT 1 – AROUND THE WORLD GUIDELINES TO ANSWER  Identify requirements of the question.  Name the novel and writer/author.  State a character that you admire.  Give at least 2 evidence (from the text)  Personalize your answer by stating your feelings and responses, if necessary.  Check for errors in grammar, spelling and punctuation.  Remember your answer should be more than 50 words. Sample question 1: Based on ONE of the novel above, write on a character that is determined to achieve success. Give evidence from the novel to support your answer. Sample answer 1 (a) Based on the novel Around the world in 80 Days by Jules Verne, there are many characters portray in it and I think a character that is determined to achieve success is Phileas Fogg. He is a fourty-year-old man and lives in Saville Row, London. He is very punctual person and he is also one of the Reform Club members. Andrew Stuart, his club member, had wager with him about travelling the world only in 80 days. Through his reading and general knowledge, it was not possible to carry out the journey, so he accepted the wager. His determination to make his dream comes true has captured my interest. Not only that, we knew that his success will be fruitful if he could move around the world in certain duration. Although he had met many obstacles along the journey, he still focused his mind to be a successful man. So he moved through the obstacles well. For example, he decided to save Auoda from the bandits. It can be classified as his success since he managed to save her. Besides, his journey had stopped suddenly in India because of the unfinished railway track. So he found out the alternative way. He rode the elephant with his butler, Auoda and Ali. This event shows that he is really determined to achieve success. In conclusion, Phileas Fogg has captured my interest to label him as a character that is determined to achieve success.

Sample Answer 1 (b) Based on the novel Around the world in 80 Days by Jules Verne, there are many characters portray in it and I think a character that is determined to achieve success is Phileas Fogg. He is a fourty-year-old man and lives in Saville Row, London. He is very punctual person and he is also one of the Reform Club members. Phileas Fogg is really a brave person and willing to do anything to get what he wants. This proves that without high determination we could not achieve any goal in our lives. He is said a character that is determined to achieve success when he bravely fought with the outlaws on the train by the time they were attacked. It started when the train suddenly stopped but not long after that it started moving again. As it turned out, a gang of close one 10

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 hundred men had attacked the train. They moved from car to car and took whatever they could from the poor passengers. Phileas Fogg tried his best to fight the bandits to save his friends as well as other passengers and at last he succeeded. High determination is also clearly portrayed by Phileas Fogg when he attempted to save Passepartout alone after knowing that Passepartout was taken away by the outlaws with other passengers. Phileas Fogg did not even think of himself, what borthering him was the safety of his butler. Realizing that Phileas Fogg was really determined to save Passepartout, the captain then offered thirty volunteers to help him along the mission. At last they managed to bring back Passepartout safely. I really amazed with Phileas Fogg‟s determination in saving his butler. The reasons above really support my choice and because of that it is undeniable that Phileas Fogg is the only character that is determined to achieve success. I hope I will also be like him in facing difficulties in my life. Sample question 2: Based on one novel above, write about an event that you think is the most meaningful. Provide evidence from the text to support your answer. Sample answer: Based on the novel Around The World In 80 Days, written by Jules Verne, I think that the event where Phileas Fogg fights with the outlaws on the train is the most meaningful. I said so since the event really teaches me to be a brave person. I realized that without high determination I could not achieve any goal in my life. The action of Phileas Fogg and his friends fight with the outlaws on the train is the best example of bravery. It started when the train suddenly stopped but not long after that it started moving again. As it turned out, a gang of close one hundred men had attacked the train. They moved from car to car and took whatever they could from the poor passengers. The train was out of controlled and could crash anytime. Passepartout then tried to stop the train. He used all his acrobatic skills and with his bravery at last he managed to pull out the brakes and the train stopped in front of the Fort Kearney Station. I also noticed that this good attitude is portrayed by Phileas Fogg when he attempted to save Passepartout alone after knowing that Passepartout was taken away by the outlaws with other passengers. Phileas Fogg did not even think of himself, what bothering him was the safety of his butler. Realizing that Phileas Fogg was really determined to save Passepartout, the captain then offered thirty volunteers to help him along the mission. At last they managed to bring back Passepartout safely. I really amazed with Phileas Fogg‟s bravery in saving his butler. The event of fighting the outlaws on the train has captured my interest throughout the story. That is why I choose this event as the most meaningful event for me.

Note: Try to compare the response in sample answer 1(b) and sample answer 2. It is clearly seen that the evidence used is taken from the same event that is fight with the outlaws on the train. What important here is the three items which proves the task is fulfilled should be

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 mentioned in the first paragraph.(the novel, the author and respond directly to the question). Then try to adapt and adopt the evidence where necessary to suit the need of the question. TASK: 1. From one of the novels, write on a character that you admire the most. Provide evidence from the text to support your answer. 2. From one of the novels, write about a lesson that you have learnt. Provide evidence from the text to support your answer. _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ SUGGESTED OUTLINE: 1. State the novel, author and respond directly to the question in the first paragraph. e.g: The novel Around The World In 80 Days written by Jules Verne has portrayed many characters and the character that I admire the most is the main character, Phileas Fogg. 2. Choose two events as two pieces of evidence which can support your answer: First event: e.g: I admire his character because of his bravery. For example he is very brave to fight with the outlaws on the train when they are attacked. It started when.............. Second event: e.g: His concern is another reason why I admire him. It can be proven when he is willing to save Auoda although he does not know her before. The event of saving Auoda began when the railway track was incomplete and they have to find alternative way................. 3. Restate your opinion or reasons given to sum up or tie up your response.

Note to teachers:  You can choose any event stated above to be elaborated and discussed with your students.  Do the same technique and process for question 2.

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SLOT 2

OH! MY GRAMMAR

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TEST 1

    

Adjective Tenses Preposition Pronouns Article

“I have some herbs in the house. We‟ll boil them and make her drink the water. Pak Lebai, I dare not go back 11 ___________ ( alone , lonely , lone , loneliness) . Do you mind coming to my house to fetch them? My husband 12 _______ (was, were, is, are) at home with my two daughters. He is sick. Tell him I‟m staying here tonight,” said one of the 13 _______ (woman, women, woman‟s, women‟s). Jeliah‟s husband stood without taking his eyes 14 ______ (near, out, off, of) his wife. He knew it was going to happen but he was helpless.15 _______(It, Its, It‟s, Its‟) was their first baby. They had been married for five years and they were looking forward to 16 _____ (having, have, has, had) the baby. Jeliah had been sick because she was not eating well. She did not 17 _____ (liking, liked, likes, like) boiled tapioca or boiled bananas. She wanted to eat good food. That morning on 18______ (they, their, her, his) way to the river to wash clothes, she had 19 ______ (fall, fell, fallen, falling). Lebai Bakar and Tok Janggut came back with 20 ______ (any, the, an, a) milk and medicine. Quickly, the ladies got to work. They wrapped Jeliah with sack cloth, old sarongs and a small mattress to keep her warm.

TEST 2

   

Tenses Adjective of comparison Article determiner

The goldfish 11 ____________(was, were, are, is) a member of the carp family , and is 12__________(closer, closing, closely, close) related to the crucian carp of eastern 15

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Europe. Like the crucian carp, the goldfish 13_________ (have, had, having, has) a saw-like edge to the spine on its dorsal (back) fin, and no barbells (feelers) on its lips but its scales are 14___________(largerly, largest, larger, larger) than those of the crucian carp and the dorsal fin is 15___________(a, an, the) different shape. Southern China was the first home of the goldfish, and wild specimens, brownish green 16__________(in, with, of, on) colour , are still to be 17 ___________(find, finds, found, founded) there. As 18___________(early, earlier, earliest, first) as the 4th century A.D. the Chinese recorded that were “red-scaled fish among” the others. The Chinese, and later the Japanese, 19__________ (breeding, breeds, breed, bred) goldfish so as to produce 20___________(much, any, a little, many) remarkable kinds. In the 18th century, goldfish were brought to Europe. Note: Modal Verbs ~ followed by root words Modal Verbs + be ~ followed by past participle Subject-verb-agreement TEXT 1 Keeping students interested in a lesson is very important. What makes a lesson interesting? There ___1___ ways to improve on one‟s teaching methods. Teacher should be innovative and creative. It is good to use varieties of teaching techniques when the students‟ attention disappears. Other activities could ___2___ dramas, speeches and presentations where students ___3___ and speak out in the classroom. Another quality is that the teachers must ___4___ a passion for teaching. They are responsible for inculcating love and patriotism for the country, the king and towards the elders. The positive values must be ___5___ in their students so that they grow up to be good citizens. They are like the students‟ parents while at school. They are role models in every aspect. Students may ___6___ them. Besides, experience also ___7___ an important role. The new teaching techniques and methods must be ___8___ by the teacher so that students do not get bored. A singing lesson might ___9___ the students to be active again. Remember, a boring lesson can ___10___students become dull and unresponsive towards teaching. So, be adaptable to changes! 1

A B C D

is are was were

2

A B C D

including included includes include

3

A B

interact interacts

4

A B

has had 16

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 C D

interacted interacting

C D

have having

5

A B C D

instilling instilled instils instil

6

A B C D

imitate imitates imitated imitating

7

A B C D

play plays played playing

8

A B C D

adapt adapts adapted adapting

9

A B C D

encouraging encouraged encourages encourage

10

A B C D

make made makes making

TEXT 2 The Interact Club of SMK Bukit Kecil recently organized a three-day outing to Redang Island. Twenty members and three teachers went on the trip. They ___1___ the trip to be interesting and educational. On the first day of their arrival, they went scuba diving and snorkeling. The water ___2___ crystal clear and everyone had a wonderful moment ___3___ a rare glimpse of the superb coral and marine life. The club members could ___4___ a variety of neon coloured fish and ___5___ some sea urchins lying at the bottom of the sea floor. On the second day, they went for a boat ride round the island. They managed to see the whole island and took pictures of the beautiful scenery. They stopped by at a fishing village to ___6___ about the life style of the local fishermen. They saw the fishermen came in with their catch and helped them to pull their boat ashore. Some of the students had ___7___ the opportunity to interview the fishermen on how to catch fish. By evening, they went back to their hotel to ___8___ up. On the final day of the trip, the participants went swimming. They also played beach football and made several sandcastles. Some of them managed to ___9___ some seashells along the shore. Finally, at twelve noon, everyone had a sumptuous lunch before ___10___ their luggage to go home. 1

A B C D

find finds found finding

2

A B C D

3

A B C

catch caught catches

4

A B C

is are was were see saw sees 17

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 D

catching

5

A B C D

spotting spotted spots spot

7

A B C D

take took taken taking

8

9

A B C D

collecting collected collects collect

10

6

D

seeing

A B C D

learn learnt learns learning

A B C D

washing washed washes wash

A B C D

pack packs packed packing

GRAMMAR EXERCISE BASED ON THE PAST YEAR QUESTIONS (2005-2011) 1. VERBS A. ‘to’-infinitive 1. Parents need to plan where to ________ (take/took/takes/taken) their children for a break, after months of studies. - PMR 2005 2.

Another alternative would be to _______ (enjoying/enjoyed/enjoys/enjoy) an energetic game of badminton or football. – PMR 2007

3. The various races are able to ________ (live/lives/lived/living) in peace and harmony. - PMR 2008 4. Most importantly, you must not forget to _______(bring/brings/brought/bringing) enough food and clean water.-PMR 2009

B. SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT

1. School holidays ________(is/are/has/have)perfect for parents to spend quality time with their children - PMR 2005 2. Not everyone in the family ______(has/had/have/having)the same interests and needs - PMR 2005 3. There ______ (were/was/are/is) also many interesting ways to exercise. – PMR 2007 4. Martial art skills _______(help/helps/helped/helping) you to keep trim while teaching you the art of self-defence.- PMR 2007

18

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 5. Hence, it is not surprising that Malaysia __________ (is/are/was/were) a paradise for those who love food. – PMR 2008 6. Many people enjoy camping as a recreation. It _________ (is/are/was/were) quite an experience to spend in a tent with only basic supplies. – PMR 2009 7. If the weather ________ (permit/permits/permitted/permitting), you can sleep outdoors with the sky above as the roof. – PMR 2009 8. It is caused by viruses and normally ______ (take/takes/taken/taking) two to five days to recover. – PMR 2010. 9. Viruses causing common colds are very contagious and_______ (is/are/was/were) spread by sneezes and coughs. –PMR 2010 10. Today, I am here to speak on an issue which _______ (is/are/was/were) close to our hearts- the safety of our children. – PMR 2011 11. It is better if there is an adult who ________(accompany/accompanies/accompanied/ accompanying)them or takes them to their destinations, for example to tuition or religious classes.-PMR 2011

C. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1. They should however, be careful about how they _______ (deal/dealt/deals/dealing) with their children. –PMR 2006 2. They __________ (celebrating/celebrated/celebrates/celebrate) many religious and cultural festivals throughout the year. – PMR 2008.

D. MODALS

1. One can ________(explore/explores/explored/exploring) tropical rainforests, hill resorts, beach resorts or historical sites.- PMR 2008 2. If you have never gone camping, you ________(can/may/need/must)want to try it out as a weekend getaway.-PMR 2009 3. In fact, they should __________(avoid/avoids/avoided/avoiding)them.-PMR 2011

E.

GERUNDS

1. _______ (Deciding/Releasing/Talking/Giving) positive comments will help build right attitudes among teenagers. – PMR 2006 2. __________ (Spent/Spend/Spends/Spending) time with Mother Nature is a good way to release stress. – PMR 2009 19

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

2. ARTICLES 1. Careful planning may be _______(a/an/the)key to a good holiday- PMR 2005

3. CONJUCTIONS 1. Therefore, planning _______ (so/or/but/and) consulting every member of the family is vital. -PMR 2005 2.

_________ (Meanwhile/However/Although/Hence), self-confidence is a quality that needs to be developed. – PMR 2006

3. You could take up jogging ______ (so /or/ for/but) even brisk walking. – PMR 2007 4. PRONOUNS A. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

1. This is to prevent any unhappiness and grumbling _______ (this/that/these/those) could spoil the holiday. -PMR 2005

B. PERSONAL PRONOUNS

1. This is to help______(they/their/them/theirs) develop in a healthy manner.PMR 2006 2.

Exercise is important as ________ (itself/it‟s/its/it) is the key to a better life. – PMR 2007

C. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

1. Once these teenagers understand_______ (himself/yourself/ourselves/themselves) better, they will be more responsible. –PMR 2006

D. RELATIVE PRONOUNS

1. Those _______ (which/whose/whom/who) like shopping can go to open-air markets or shopping complexes. –PMR 2008 2. Besides the tent, remember to pack a first aid kit and medicine _________(what/when/which/where) you might need.-PMR 2009

20

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 3. Many incidents have happened recently ________(where/when/which/whose)pose threat to our children.-PMR 2011

5. LINKERS 1. A good holiday, _______ (however/whatever/whenever/whenever/moreover), need not be a long distance trip. – PMR 2005 2.

Here are some suggestions on _______ (how/why/when/what) you could make it a pleasurable pastime. – PMR 2007.

3. Drinking at least eight glasses of water a day helps loosen mucus, enabling you to cough or blowout _________( easy/easily/easier/easiest)-PMR 2010 4. Please never allow your children to go ________ (everywhere/somewhere/elsewhere/anywhere) unattended. –PMR 2011 6. DETERMINERS 1. There are also __________ (more/most/much/many) theme parks and nature parks. - PMR 2005. 2. Therefore, tourists will be able to visit the_________( some/many/much/few) interesting places here.-PMR 2008 3. __________(All/Less/Few/Some)people also suffer from sore throat, headache and fever.-PMR 2010

7. PREPOSITIONS. 1. Besides, they would not be discouraged________ (by/on/ to /in) their failures. – PMR 2006 2.

Malaysians enjoy a diversity ________ (at/of/along/between) cultures and traditions. – PMR 2008

3. One can get anything _________ (in/with/from/for) traditional food to international cuisine. –PMR 2008 4. So look around ______ (off/for/by/at) firewood. – PMR 2009 5. Preventive measures can be taken to avoid being bitten ________(by/from/with/in) a cold bug.-PMR 2010 6. If you suffer __________( of/for/with/from) a cold, you should rest.-PMR 2010 7. I am Inspector Hasrul Mishak of the Crime Prevention Department ___________(at/of/for/with) The Royal Malaysian Police- PMR 2011

21

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 8. Last ______(or/so/but/and) not least ,make sure that they are under adult supervision at all times.-PMR 2011

8. ADJECTIVES 1. Parents are the most ________ (common/suitable/famous/normal) people who can help teenagers become confident. – PMR 2006

A. POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

1.

For instance, dance ______ (my/our/their/your) way to good health by attending aerobics classes. – PMR 2007

2. Resting helps to build up __________( its/our/your/their) immune system.-PMR 2010 2. This is to ensure ________ (my/our/your/their) safety and well-being.-PMR 2011.

9. CONNECTORS A. LOGICAL CONNECTORS

1. There are also many interesting ways to exercise. For instance, dance your way to good health by attending aerobics classes. _________( Moreover/However/Although/ Despite), you could also consider musical stretch-outs and line dancing. 2. Set up your tent when you reach the campsite. ____________, (Meanwhile/However/ Finally/Then), organise the things that you have carried along with you. – PMR 2009

B. SEQUENCE CONNECTORS

1. Firstly, avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands.__________, (Finally/Later/Next/Soon), always cover your mouth when sneezing. –PMR 2010

22

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

Fill the newspaper article below with the suitable prepositions. KOTA MARUDU: Slowly, but surely, SK Sungai Magandai is churning out educated youths 1(______) remote villages located deep in the forests here. A total of 151 children from seven villages attend the primary school here. One-third 2(______) them live in a RM 1 million hostel built last year. A preschool building is also being built in the area, spelling hope 3(______) the community made up largely 4(______) the Kadazandusun Sonsogon sub-tribe. Former volunteer tutor Basil Imah said education had come a long way for the people 5(______) the remote area, who are mostly farmers. “Not many of us attended school in the area 6(______) a makeshift school was built here 7(______)1996,” he said, referring to a small wooden building. The facility, an initiative of the Sabah Journalist Association, today serves as a resource centre for SK Sungai Magandai. In 1999, a primary school was built 8(______) the government, which has 9(______) expanded with 13 teachers and a hostel sponsored by Astro. “I no longer teach but 10(______) the years, I have seen a lot of improvement 11(______) the help from people we don‟t even know,” said the 40-year old farmer. 12(______)the school was built, the nearest school was SK Samparita, which takes 13(______)two days to reach on foot from Sungai Magandai. “Back then, most children would stay 14 (______) homes and help their families. I was one of the few lucky ones,” said Basil, who studied up 15(______) Form Five. 23

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Transporter Kenny Leong, who uses a four-wheel drive to shuttle people to remote locations, said it took nearly four hours 16(______)reach the school 17(______)the town. He recently ferried a group of volunteers and teachers 18 (______) a special programme organised by Astro for pupils sitting the Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah examination. Under the Astro Kasih programme, 21 Year Six pupils here were given intensive tutoring.

SLOT 3

WORD POWER 24

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

break break down

break in

bring

fail to function

bring about

cause to happen

have a physical or mental collapse

bring forth

give birth to

interrupt a discussion

bring forward

draw attention to something

burgle

bring on

cause to happen or appear

soften with use (shoes)

bring round

persuade

break off

discontinue (therapy, relationship)

break out

escape from prison, begin

cause to recover consciousness

bring up

rear, educate a child

25

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 suddenly

break up

end a relationship

mention

vomit

call call back

return a phone call

call for

require

call in

communicate by phone

carry carry away

remove

inspire, affect emotionally

carry off

take away (by force)

consult a specialist

win

call off

cancel

remove, degrade (earth)

call out

read names aloud

carry on

continue

order workers to strike

carry out

accomplish, make

call on

request somebody to do something

carry through

complete

call up

reach by phone

bring out of difficulties

summon for military services

come

come

come about

happen, to be achieved

come down to

mean, signify

come across

find/meet by chance

come down with

fall sick with

come after

follow

come in

enter, be received

come at

attack

reach, discover

prove to be

come in for

receive, be object of (criticism)

26

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

come back

return

come off

become detached

come by

pass, go past, visit

come out

become known, be published

buy, get

come down

fall (price)

be removed (stain)

come over

come from a distance

come

come round

visit somebody

come

come up with

produce an idea

recover consciousness

come to

amount to

arrive/reach a place

come up

do

do away with

be mentioned/discussed

(problem) arise

abolish

kill

do up

dress up

come up against

be faced with (problems)

fasten, secure (clothing)

come upon

find/meet by chance

do with

need

come up to

match (a standard)

do without

not require

fall

fall

fall apart

fall into pieces

fall out with

quarrel with

fall behind

fail to keep up pace

fall through

fail, miscarry

fall for

be in love with

fall to

start an activity eagerly

27

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

be deceived by

fall in with

meet by chance

coincide with

fall off

decrease

drop from

fall out

quarrel

get

get

get across

communicate (an idea)

get out

disembark (car, taxi)

get along

be in good terms with somebody

get over

recover (illness, upset)

get away

escape

get through

pass (an exam)

get away with

escape (punishment)

get by

manage, cope

get to

reach

get down to

turn one's attention to something

get up

rise from bed after sleeping

get in

enter (car, taxi)

get off

disembark (bus, train etc.)

get on

enter (bus, train etc.)

go

be connected on the phone

go

28

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

go against

be contrary to (principles, rules)

go off

go along with

take the same view

deteriorate (food)

go away

depart

begin to sound (alarm)

go down

become less

go out

decrease in price

explode

leave the house

strike

sink (ship)

go over

inspect the details of something

set (sun)

go past

pass

go for

pick up, go and get

go round

visit informally

go on

continue

go go through

go up

keep

deal with

keep away

prevent from / avoid being near

discuss in detail

keep back

withhold

experience something (usually bad)

keep down

not to increase

increase in price

keep off

avoid (a topic)

explode

go with

match

stay away

keep on

not stopping doing something

keep up

continue, carry on

keep up with

not to fall behind somebody

29

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

look

look

look after

take care of

look through

pretend not to see

look down on

regard with a feeling of superiority

look for

seek

look up

consult a reference book

look forward to

anticipate with pleasure

look up to

respect

look into

investigate (a crime)

look on

be a spectator

examine the contents of something

regard

look out

be careful

look over

inspect hastily

make

put

make for

have/produce a particular effect

put across

express in an understandable way

make off

run away

put back

put something to its proper place

make out

recognise, distinguish

lay money aside for the future

make up

constitute, form

move back the hands of a clock

invent a lie

put by

save for later use

30

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

put together, prepare

make up for

put down

repress

apply cosmetics

write down

compensate

store (food)

regain (time)

put down to

give as a reason, attribute to

put put forward

move forward the hands of a clock

put put up

build

suggest, propose

raise (hand)

put in for

be a candidate for an election

provide accommodation for

put on

dress oneself with

offer for sale

tease

put up with

tolerate, accept

gain (weight)

put off

postpone

put out

extinguish (a fire, light)

put through

connect somebody by phone

run

run

run after

chase

run out of

exhaust one's stock

run away

escape, flee

run over

overflow

run down

knock down, collide with

study quickly

31

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

feel weak due to overwork

run in

imprison

run into

meet by chance

run off

escape, flee

run out

run outside

pass over, knock down

run up against

meet with difficulties

become used up

set

take

set aside

reserve for later use

take after

set back

hinder, slow down a progress

set down

write down

take down

write down

set off

cause to explode

take in

understand (meaning)

resemble in appearance

start a journey

set up

start business

follow somebody as an example

deceive

take off

undress

begin flight (plane)

take to

develop a habit

take up with

begin to associate with

32

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

turn

turn down

diminish the intensity

take

take up

reject

turn in

hand in

turn off

switch off

turn on

switch on

turn out

switch off

turn over

bring the reverse side up

turn up

increase the intensity

continue, proceed

become interested in

make an appearance

SYNONYMS FOR WORDS COMMONLY USED IN STUDENT'S WRITINGS 1.Amazing - incredible, unbelievable, improbable, fabulous, wonderful, fantastic, astonishing, astounding, extraordinary 2.Anger - enrage, infuriate, arouse, nettle, exasperate, inflame, madden 3.Angry - mad, furious, enraged, excited, wrathful, indignant, exasperated, aroused, inflamed 4.Answer - reply, respond, retort, acknowledge 5.Ask - question, inquire of, seek information from, put a question to, demand, request, expect, inquire, query, interrogate, examine, quiz 6.Awful - dreadful, terrible, abominable, bad, poor, unpleasant 7.Bad - evil, immoral, wicked, corrupt, sinful, depraved, rotten, contaminated, spoiled, tainted, harmful, injurious,unfavorable, defective, inferior, imperfect, substandard, faulty, improper, inappropriate, unsuitable, disagreeable,unpleasant, cross, nasty, unfriendly, irascible, horrible, atrocious, outrageous, scandalous, infamous, wrong, noxious,sinister, putrid, snide, deplorable, dismal, gross, heinous, nefarious, base, obnoxious, detestable, despicable,contemptible, foul, rank, ghastly, execrable

33

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

8.Beautiful - pretty, lovely, handsome, attractive, gorgeous, dazzling, splendid, magnificent, comely, fair, ravishing, graceful, elegant, fine, exquisite, aesthetic, pleasing, shapely, delicate, stunning, glorious, heavenly, resplendent, radiant, glowing, blooming, sparkling 9.Begin - start, open, launch, initiate, commence, inaugurate, originate 10.Big - enormous, huge, immense, gigantic, vast, colossal, gargantuan, large, sizable, grand, great, tall, substantial, mammoth, astronomical, ample, broad, expansive, spacious, stout, tremendous, titanic, mountainous 11.Brave - courageous, fearless, dauntless, intrepid, plucky, daring, heroic, valorous, audacious, bold, gallant, valiant, doughty, mettlesome 12.Break - fracture, rupture, shatter, smash, wreck, crash, demolish, atomize 13.Bright - shining, shiny, gleaming, brilliant, sparkling, shimmering, radiant, vivid, colourful, lustrous, luminous, incandescent, intelligent, knowing, quick-witted, smart, intellectual 14.Calm - quiet, peaceful, still, tranquil, mild, serene, smooth, composed, collected, unruffled, level-headed, unexcited, detached, aloof 15.Come - approach, advance, near, arrive, reach 16.Cool - chilly, cold, frosty, wintry, icy, frigid 17.Crooked - bent, twisted, curved, hooked, zigzag 18.Cry - shout, yell, yowl, scream, roar, bellow, weep, wail, sob, bawl 19.Cut - gash, slash, prick, nick, sever, slice, carve, cleave, slit, chop, crop, lop, reduce 20.Dangerous - perilous, hazardous, risky, uncertain, unsafe 21.Dark - shadowy, unlit, murky, gloomy, dim, dusky, shaded, sunless, black, dismal, sad

34

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

TEST YOUR WORD POWER Exercise 1. The school committee has designed a new uniform for the school. The nice

a.

girl in Form 3 Al Batani who leads the Art Club actually drew it. Her teacher thought it was nice, so that she passed it on to the committee. They were

b.

not too happy about the collar, which was quite large, and they reduced it. Now it looks quite nice.

c.

Her parents saw it last night in a fashion parade. Two models, one male and the other female, walked nicely in front of the crowd. The students and

d.

parents decided that it was a nice idea to have a new uniform. We shall put a

e.

nice article about it in the next edition of the school newsletter.

f.

Exercise 2. Fireman Faizal has been awarded the highest medal for bravery. In May last year, the Kerteh fire brigade was called to put out fire in a primary school. By the time the fire brigade got there, the fire was well alight. The team of firemen were well qualified to put out the fires. Their equipment had been improved so that it was very good at putting out fires. A teacher came up to the firemen and told them

a.

35

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

b. c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

h.

i.

36

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

37

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

38

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

PHRASAL VERBS A.Complete the sentence with the right word.

39

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 1. We're looking ______O)a new house 2. ______ off your jacket and sit down. 3. I usually get ______ at 7.00. 4. Please ______ that noisy music down. 5. I need to ______ up a word in the dictionary. 6. Turn______your computer and have your lunch. 7. I'm going to throw ______these old papers. 8. Go and try______this lovely jacket. 9. I sometimes look ______ the dog. 10. I'll call Arif ______ tomorrow. B. Choose the correct particle to complete the sentence. 1. Can you call me BACK/ DOWN when you get this message? 2. Slow BACK/ DOWN ! Now, tell me again what happened. 3. You should cut OUT/ DOWN on the amount of work you do at the weekend and spend more time with your family. 4. I'll try one more time. If that doesn't work, I give UP/ DOWN. 5. My sister broke UP/ DOWN with her boyfriend last month, but they're back together now. 6. Where's the milk? I must have left one of the bags OUT/ BEHIND in the supermarket. 7. They've knocked OUT/ DOWN five shops to build a huge new cinema complex. 8. Please put the butter BACK/ OUT in the fridge when you've finished with it. 9. We were all sitting quietly when Khalid suddenly burst ALOUD/ OUT laughing. 10. Watch UP/OUT! That bike nearly hit us. 11. I never want to see you in my house again. Get OUT/ OFF ! 12. A couple of our local shops have closed UP/DOWN. They weren't making a profit. 13. She carried ON/OUT playing for a year after the injury, but she was never the same player. 14. We'll need to set AWAY/ OFF early if we want to miss the traffic

Synonyms Synonyms are words that have almost the same meaning. 40

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Synonyms for big: large, huge, gigantic

A.Circle the 2 synonyms for each set of words. 1. toasty

chilly

cool

comfortable

2. walk

crawl

stroll

run

3. argue

scare

confuse

frighten

4. bravery

honesty

courage

winner

5. cook

drink

eat

munch

6. record

paint

draw

sketch

B.Write a synonym for each word. 7. thin

_____________________ 8. tiny _____________________

9. store _____________________ 10. fall _____________________ 11. see _____________________ 12. friendly _____________________ 13. tasty _____________________ 14. silent _____________________ 15. smelly _____________________16. smile _____________________ 17. think _____________________ 18. break _____________________

Synonyms C.Choose the correct synonym for each underline word below.

41

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 1. Bob was looking for the correct answer to this problem. A. rejoin

B. reply

C. ask

D. borrow

2. I like studying about animals the most. A. hate

B. absent

C. enjoy

D. difficult

3. I chose to study the differences between alligators and crocodiles for a project at school. A. decide

B. made

C. bought

D. washed

4. My goal is to become a naturalist. A. thought

B. reward

C. study

D. desire

5. The best learning comes through observing things in nature. A. changing

B. seeing

C. hearing

D. touching

6. I like going into the wild to study. A. lab

B. city

C. ocean

D. outdoors

7.The project worked exactly as planned. A. found

B. arranged

C. made

D. worked

8. I recorded my findings in a journal. A. taped

B. used

C. locked

D. wrote

9. Then I compared what I had observed with what books had to say. A. matched

B. questioned

C. changed

D. mailed

10. If there was any difference, I consulted my teacher. A. yelled

B. directed

C. asked

D. begged

11. Together we explored possible theories. A. ideas

B. facts

C. answers

D. questions

SLOT 2 (OH! MY GRAMMAR) ANSWERS: Pg 15 : Test 1

11. alone

12.is 42

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 13. women 14.of 15.if 16.have 17.like 18.their 19.fallen 20.the Page 15 : Test 2 11.is 12.closely 13.has 14.larger 15.the 16.in 17found 18.early 19.breed 20.many Pg 16 : Text 1 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.A Page 17 : Text 2 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.D

4.PRONOUNS GRAMMAR EXERCISES BASED ON THE PAST YEAR QUESTIONS ( 200-2011) 1.VERBS A. ‘to’ infinitive 1. take 2.enjoy 3. live 4. bring B. SUBJECT-VERBAGREEMENT 1. are 2. has 3.are 4.help 5.is 6.is 7.permits 8.it 9.are 10.is 11. accompanies C. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE 1. deal 2.celebrate D. MODALS 1. explore 2. may 3.avoid E. GERUNDS 1. giving 2.spending 2.ARTICLES 1. the 3.CONJUCTIONS 1.and 2. hence 3.or

A.DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS 1. that B. PERSONAL PRONOUNS 1. them 2. it C. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS 1. themselves D.RELATIVE PRONOUNS 1.who 2.which 3.which 5.LINKERS 1. however 2. how 3.easily 4. anywhere 6. DETERMINERS 1. many 2.many 3.some 7. PREPOSITIONS 1. by 2.of 3.from 4.for 5.by 6.from 7.Of 8.but 8.ADJECTIVES 1. suitable POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES 1.your 2.your 43

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 3.your

f. respectable

9.CONNECTORS

Exercise 2 a. thoroughly/very much b. fully c. effective d. accurate e. brave/courageous f. precise/proper g. loud/appreciate h. deep i. hearty

A.LOGICAL CONNECTORS 1.morever 2.then B. SEQUENCE CONNECTORS 1. next Pg.23 : Prepositions 1.from 2.of 3.for 4.of 5.in 6.until 7.in 8.by 9.since 10.over 11.with 12.before 13.about 14.at 15.to 16.to 17.from 18.for

PHRASAL VERB PYRAMID 1.on 2. up 3.out 4.off 5.away 6.down 7.aside 8.under 9.across 10.behind 11.forward 12.through 13.together

SLOT 3(TEST YOUR POWER) Exercise 1 a. helpful/artistic b. attractive c. smart d. pleasantly/proudly e. good SYNONYMS A. 1.chilly, cool 2.walk,stroll

PHRASAL VERBS FLASH CARDS 1. drop out 2. eat out

3.figure out 4. find out 5. hand- out 6. iron out 7.leave out 8. pass out 9. put out 10. ask out 11.bear out 12. break out 13.carry out 14. check out 15. count out 16.come out 17.die out 18.draw out EXERCISE (pg.39) A.1. for 2.take 3.up 4.turn 5.look 6.off 7.away 8.on 9.after 10.back B.1.back 2.down 3.down 4.up 5.up 6.behind 7.down 8.back 9.out 10.out 11.out 12.down 13.on 14.off

44

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 3.scare,frighten 4.bravery,courage 5. eat ,munch 6.draw,sketch B. 7.slim/lean/slender 8.small/little/petite 9.supply/provide/equip 10.drop/go down/collapse 11.view/look/discover/observe 12.kind/pleasant/amicable 13.savoury/palatable/delicious 14.quiet/mute/still/noiseless 15.fetid/stinking/foetid 16.grin 17.consider/imagine/suppose 18.crack/fracture/smash

C. 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

SLOT 4

SENTENCE BUILDER

46

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

Varying Sentence Structure To make your writing more interesting, you should try to vary your sentences in terms of length and structure. You can make some of your sentences long and others short. Read the paragraphs below. Choose the paragraph that is more effective. 1) I love living in the city. I have a wonderful view of the entire city. I have an apartment. I can see the Golden Gate Bridge. I can see many cargo ships pass under the bridge each day. I like the restaurants in San Francisco. I can find wonderful food from just about every country. I don’t like the traffic in the city. 2) I love living in the city of San Francisco. I have a wonderful view of the entire city from my apartment window. In addition, I can see the Golden Gate Bridge under which many cargo ships pass each day. I also like San Francisco because I can find wonderful restaurants with food from just about every country; however, I don’t like the traffic in the city. How do you vary sentence structure? You will want to use a variety of sentence structures in your writing. There are three types of sentences we will study in this lesson: - Simple Sentence - Compound Sentence - Complex Sentence 1. The Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one independent clause (one subject and a verb): I live in San Francisco. Subject

verb

2. Compound Sentence A compound sentence contains two independent clauses that are joined together. 47

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 She works in the city, but she lives in the suburbs.

Independent Clause

Independent Clause

You can make a compound sentence by joining two logically related independent clauses by using… 1) a semicolon - ( Independent Clause ; Independent Clause ) Eg: I love living in the city ; there are so many things to do.

2) a coordinating conjunction (Independent Clause ,coordinating conjunction Independent Clause) Eg: He couldn’t watch the show ,

Independent Clause

so

he decided to record it.

Independent Clause

coordinating conjunction

Coordinating Conjunctions Logical Relationship

Coordinating Conjunction

Addition

And

Contrast

But, yet

Choice

Or, nor

Cause

For

Result

So

Another way to remember these is…     

For  And  Nor  But  Or 

F A N B O 48

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012  Yet   So  ### FANBOYS

Y S

CAUTION! Do NOT use a comma every time you use the words and, or, but, nor, for, so, yet. Use a comma only when the coordinating conjunction joins two independent clauses Eg: The necklace was beautiful but expensive. (Simple Sentence) Independent Clause

No comma- not an independent clause

3) a transition ( Independent Clause ; transition , Independent Clause ) Eg : I love San Francisco ; however, I hate the traffic

Indepen dent Clause Relationship

Addition

Transition

Indepen dent Clause

Moreover Furthermore In addition Besides

; transition , Contrast

Result or Effect

However

On the contrary

In contrast

On the other hand

Consequently

Accordingly

Thus

Hence

Therefore

As a result

LISTS OF TRANSITIONS.

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

Reinforcement/Emphasis

Indeed In fact

Exemplification

For example For instance In particular

Time

Meanwhile (at the same time) Subsequently (after) Thereafter (after)

Reinforcement/Emphasis

Complex Sentences

Indeed In fact

A complex sentence

contains at least one independent clause and one dependent clause. Eg : John cannot set up his typewrter because

Independent Clause

Eg:

the wall has no outlet.

Dependent Clause Subordinating Conjunction

She will go to school in the city

until

Independent Clause

she finds a job.

Dependent Clause Subordinating Conjunction

### Use a comma after a dependent clause if it begins the sentence.

Eg : When I first moved to the city ,

Subordinating Conjunction

I was afraid to drive the steep and narrow streets.

Use a comma if the dependent clause is the first part of the sentence.

Independent Clause

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

Exercises A. Underline the two independent clauses in each of these compound sentences. Circle or box the coordinating conjunction that joins them. 1. The dangers of smoking are well known, yet many people continue to smoke anyway. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. It's important to put your goals in writing, but you must also be committed to achieving them. ______________________________________________________________________________

3. An assignment notebook helps you stay organized, so you should consider using one. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. You will be able to see better if you sit at the front of the classroom, and you will also be able to hear better. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. He must have lost his key, for he knocked on the door for us to let him in. ______________________________________________________________________________

B. Directions: Use a coordinating conjunction to join each pair of the independent clauses into a compound sentence. Example: The dictionary contains definitions of words. It also contains a great deal of other information. -The dictionary contains definitions of words, and it also contains a great deal of other information. -The dictionary contains definitions of words, but it also contains a great deal of other information

1. Spelling is hard for many people. There are techniques for improving spelling. _____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

2. Tony is an excellent student. He received a scholarship.

51

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 ______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. The library is a quiet place to study. Many students prefer to study at home. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. Some rivers are endangered. Many people are working to protect them. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

5. Wear your seatbelt. You might be injured.

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ C : Combine these ideas to make create a single sentence from each set. You will need to use conjunctions, along with commas and semicolons. Some sets of sentences can be combined more than one way. Examples ; Mega loves ballets , tap and jazz. She majored in accounting raher than dance. -

Although Mega loves ballets , tap and jazz , she majored in accounting raher than dance. OR

-

Mega loves ballets , tap and jazz , but she majored in accounting raher than dance.

1. There are many theories about why dinosaurs disappeared. One theory is that the climate became too cold. ______________________________________________________________________________ 2. It's important to check the repair record of a new car you are considering buying. It can save you from buying a lemon. ______________________________________________________________________________ 3. Independence Day is celebrated July 4. Many people call the holiday the Fourth of July. ______________________________________________________________________________ 4. A word's etymology is its origin and history. It can be found at the end of the dictionary entry for a word. ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. Leopards eat birds, monkeys, and reptiles. This means they have to be able to hunt in trees as well as on the ground. ______________________________________________________________________________ 6. The life a person leads leaves clues in the body. Researchers are often able to figure out how ancient people lived, what they ate, their occupation, and perhaps the cause of death.

52

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 ______________________________________________________________________________ 7. Workers used to retire at age 65. Many of them now find that they cannot afford to stop working. ______________________________________________________________________________ 8. Aesop is known for the fables. Fables are stories designed to teach a lesson or moral. ______________________________________________________________________________ 9. Writing takes time. No one produces a perfect, finished copy on the first try. ______________________________________________________________________________ 10. Noise is an external stress. Worry is an internal one. ______________________________________________________________________________

Construction of the Passive Voice The structure of the passive voice is very simple: subject + auxiliary verb (be) + main verb (past participle) The main verb is always in its past participle form. Look at these examples: Subject

auxiliary verb (to be)

main verb (past participle)

Water

is

Drunk

by everyone.

100 people

are

Employed

by this company.

I

am

Paid

in euro.

We

are

Paid

in dollars.

Are

they

Paid

in yen?

not

Use of the Passive Voice We use the passive when:  

we want to make the active object more important we do not know the active subject

give importance to active object

subject

Verb

object

President

was killed

by Lee Harvey

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

(President Kennedy)

Kennedy

active subject unknown

My wallet

Oswald. has been stolen.

?

Conjugation for the Passive Voice We can form the passive in any tense. In fact, conjugation of verbs in the passive tense is rather easy, as the main verb is always in past participle form and the auxiliary verb is always be. To form the required tense, we conjugate the auxiliary verb. So, for example:   

present simple: It is made present continuous: It is being made present perfect: It has been made Here are some examples with most of the possible tenses:

Infinitive

to be washed present

It is washed.

past

It was washed.

future

It will be washed.

Simple conditional It would be washed. present

It is being washed.

Past

It was being washed.

Future

It will be being washed.

Continuous conditional It would be being washed.

perfect simple

Present

It has been washed.

Past

It had been washed.

Future

It will have been washed. 54

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

conditional It would have been washed.

perfect continuous

Present

It has been being washed.

Past

It had been being washed.

Future

It will have been being washed.

conditional

It would have been being washed.

Hadrian's Wall Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice). 1. In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian (visit) Britain. 2. On his visit, the Roman soldiers (tell) Britain's north (attack)

his provinces in

him that Pictish tribes from

them.

3. So Hadrian (give) the order to build a protective wall across one of the narrowest parts of the country. 4. After 6 years of hard work, the Wall (finish) 5. It (be)

in 128.

117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high.

6. The Wall (guard)

by 15,000 Roman soldiers.

7. Every 8 kilometres there (be) (find)

a large fort in which up to 1,000 soldiers

shelter.

8. The soldiers (watch)

over the frontier to the north and (check)

the people who (want)

to enter or leave Roman Britain.

9. In order to pass through the Wall, people (must go) forts that (serve) 10. Those forts (call) another (be)

to one of the small

as gateways. milecastles because the distance from one fort to one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres).

55

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

11. Between the milecastles there (be) (guard)

two turrets from which the soldiers

the Wall.

12. If the Wall (attack)

by enemies, the soldiers at the turrets (run)

to the nearest milecastle for help or (light) see)

a fire that (can /

by the soldiers in the milecastle.

13. In 383 Hadrian's Wall (abandon)

.

14. Today Hadrian's Wall (be) England. 15. In 1987, it (become)

the most popular tourist attraction in northern a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

RALAT SLOT 4 – SENTENCE BUILDER Use of Passive Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known; however, who or what is performing the action. Example: My bike was stolen. Form of Passive Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs) Example: A mistake was made. Irregular Verbs List This is a list of some irregular verbs in English. Of course, there are many others, but these are the more common irregular verbs. V1 V2 Base Form Past Simple

V3 Past Participle

awake

Awoke

Awoken

be

was, were

Been

beat

Beat

Beaten

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

become

Became

Become

begin

Began

Begun

bend

Bent

Bent

bet

Bet

Bet

bid

Bid

Bid

bite

Bit

Bitten

blow

Blew

Blown

break

Broke

Broken

bring

Brought

Brought

broadcast

Broadcast

Broadcast

build

Built

Built

burn

burned/burnt

burned/burnt

buy

Bought

Bought

catch

Caught

Caught

choose

Chose

Chosen

come

Came

Come

cost

Cost

Cost

cut

Cut

Cut

dig

Dug

Dug

do

Did

Done

draw

Drew

Drawn

dream

dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt

drive

Drove

Driven

drink

Drank

Drunk

eat

Ate

Eaten

fall

Fell

Fallen

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

feel

Felt

Felt

fight

Fought

Fought

find

Found

Found

fly

Flew

Flown

forget

Forgot

Forgotten

forgive

Forgave

Forgiven

freeze

Froze

Frozen

get

Got

got (sometimes gotten)

give

Gave

Given

go

Went

Gone

grow

Grew

Grown

hang

Hung

Hung

have

Had

Had

hear

Heard

Heard

hide

Hid

Hidden

hit

Hit

Hit

hold

Held

Held

hurt

Hurt

Hurt

keep

Kept

Kept

know

Knew

Known

lay

Laid

Laid

lead

Led

Led

learn

learned/learnt

learned/learnt

leave

Left

Left

lend

Lent

Lent

let

Let

Let

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

lie

Lay

Lain

lose

Lost

Lost

make

Made

Made

mean

Meant

Meant

meet

Met

Met

pay

Paid

Paid

put

Put

Put

read

Read

Read

ride

Rode

Ridden

ring

Rang

Rung

rise

Rose

Risen

run

Ran

Run

say

Said

Said

see

Saw

Seen

sell

Sold

Sold

send

Sent

Sent

show

Showed

showed/shown

shut

Shut

Shut

sing

Sang

Sung

sit

Sat

Sat

sleep

Slept

Slept

speak

Spoke

Spoken

spend

Spent

Spent

stand

Stood

Stood

swim

Swam

swum

take

Took

taken

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

teach

Taught

taught

tear

Tore

torn

tell

Told

told

think

Thought

thought

throw

Threw

thrown

understand

Understood

understood

wake

Woke

woken

wear

Wore

worn

win

Won

won

write

Wrote

written

Answers for Hadrian's Wall Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice). 1. In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian visited his provinces in Britain. 2. On his visit, the Roman soldiers told him that Pictish tribes from Britain's north had attacked them. 3. So Hadrian gave the order to build a protective wall across one of the narrowest parts of the country. 4. After 6 years of hard work, the Wall was finished in 128. 5. It was 117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high. 6. The Wall was guarded by 15,000 Roman soldiers. 7. Every 8 kilometres there was a large fort in which up to 1,000 soldiers found shelter. 8. The soldiers watched over the frontier to the north and checked the people who wanted to enter or leave Roman Britain. 9. In order to pass through the Wall, people had to go to one of the small forts that served as gateways. 10. Those forts were called milecastles because the distance from one fort to another was one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres). 11. Between the milecastles there were two turrets from which the soldiers guarded the Wall. 12. If the Wall was attacked by enemies, the soldiers at the turrets ran to the nearest milecastle for help or lit a fire that could be seen by the soldiers in the milecastle. 13. In 383 Hadrian's Wall was abandoned. 60

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 14. Today Hadrian's Wall is the most popular tourist attraction in northern England. 15. In 1987, it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Passive Voice - Exercises on Form Write passive sentences in Simple Present. 1. the documents / print 2. the window / open 3. the shoes / buy 4. the car / wash 5. the litter / throw away 6. the letter / send 7. the book / read / not 8. the songs / sing / not 9. the food / eat / not 10. the shop / close / not

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. 1. He opens the door. Eg: The door is opened by him. 2. We set the table. ___________________________________________________

3. She pays a lot of money. ___________________________________________________ 4. I draw a picture. ____________________________________________________ 5. They wear blue shoes. _____________________________________________________ 6. They don't help you. ______________________________________________________ 61

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 7. He doesn't open the book. ______________________________________________________ 8. You do not write the letter. _______________________________________________________ 9. Does your mum pick you up? _______________________________________________________ 10. Does the police officer catch the thief? ______________________________________________________

Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Simple Present. 1. He (sell)

cars.

2. The blue car (sell)

.

3. In summer, more ice-cream (eat) 4. She (call) 5. The letters (type) 6. He (take) 7. Jane (take / not) 8. We (go) 9. She (work / not) 10. Milk (keep)

than in winter.

her grandparents every Friday. . his medicine every day. to school by her father. to school by bus. for a bank. in the refrigerator.

Write passive sentences in Simple Past. 1. the test / write 2. the table / set 62

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

3. the cat / feed 4. the lights / switch on 5. the house / build 6. dinner / serve 7. this computer / sell / not 8. the car / stop / not 9. the tables / clean / not 10. the children / pick up / not

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. 1. She sang a song. The song was sung by her. 2. Somebody hit me. ____________________________________________________ 3. We stopped the bus. ____________________________________________________ 4. A thief stole my car. ____________________________________________________ 5. They didn't let him go. ____________________________________________________ 6. She didn't win the prize. ____________________________________________________ 7. They didn't make their beds. _____________________________________________________

8. I did not tell them. _____________________________________________________ 9. Did you tell them? 63

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 _____________________________________________________ 10. Did he send the letter? _____________________________________________________ Complete the sentences (Active or Passive Voice). Use Simple Past. 1. They (visit) 2. We (visit)

their granny. by our teacher.

3. My friend Paul (bear) 4. She (go)

in Dallas.

to school in Boston.

5. Antony (grow up)

in the country.

6. The new shopping centre (build) 7. The film (produce / not) 8. Barbara (know) 9. The jewels (hide / not) 10. We (spend / not)

last year. in Hollywood.

James very well. in the cellar. all day on the beach.

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

SLOT 5

LET’S WRITE 1 65

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

SOME INFORMATION AND GUIDELINES IN GIVING RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF ESSAYS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Letter Writing – Informal letter – a letter to relative (2006) Article (2009) Narrative (2007 & 2010) Descriptive – account (2005) Report (2005) Argumentative (2011)

SPEECH  Greet your audience in a correct manner (based on the situation stated in the question)  Do not use non-Eng words  Use present tense throughout the essay  Mention the topic and the purpose of delivering the speech in the introduction paragraph.  End your speech politely ARTICLE  Is published normally in the newspapers, bulletins, magazines and etc.  Is written to give information to the readers.  Write an interesting introduction to capture the interest of the reader  End your article with a suitable conclusion  The tense used is based on the question Example of the question: 1. Write an article on „A Healthy Lifestyle‟ to be published in the newspapers. 2. Write an article on your visit to The Old Folks Home recently. DESCRIPTIVE

66

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012     

Describe own experience/Describe an event/incident Account – write a normal essay (single picture) Recount – sequence of events – writing a diary or journal (series of pictures) Should be as interesting as possible Should be written in past tense

Example of the questions: 1. Describe your experience going on a trip . 2. Describe an interesting event happened in your school that you have experienced recently. 3. Imagine that you are a person in a picture. Describe what had happened. NARRATIVE rd  Act as a narrator – 3 person  Should be creative and interesting to capture the interest of the reader  Narrate a story of the given subject matter  Should be written in past tense Example of the questions: 1. From the picture(s) given, write a story 2. From the rubrics given, write a story and give a suitable title. 3. From the pictures given, write a story and create the ending as interesting as possible. REPORT  Is a piece of writing which gives information about something that has happened.  It almost the same as a recount/account, only that it has format; normally you as a secretary or one of the members ~ acts as representative.  Is written in past tense Example of the question 1. The Geography Club of SMK Lembah Bidong had made a trip to Langkawi recently. As a secretary of the club, write a report about the trip. 2. Using the pictures and notes below, write a report for the school news bulletin about Teacher‟s Day celebration in your school.

WRITE BETTER FOR BETTER GRADE Note:  

Be familiar with the format so that your essay will be penalized or marked down. Frequent errors made are usually on Subject Verb Agreement, modals , past tense form and spelling. Therefore, spend the least 5-10 minutes to check for these mistakes if any.  Always plan before writing  Write an interesting introductory paragraph to get good impression from the readers. FOCUS: A SPEECH  Pay attention to the greeting and the audience stated in the question.  It is important to state the purpose of your speech clearly.  End your speech with a closing statement. Thank the audience. Below are some of useful expressions in the introductory paragraph of a speech. a

A very good morning to our Principal, Tn Hj Amir Ismail, teachers and all my friends. First of all, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Mrs Wong for giving me this opportunity to speak today. The title of my speech is …………

Must be error free !

67

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 b

Good morning everyone. Today I would like to share with you some knowledge that I have gained during a seminar/talk/course on how …………..

c

Good morning, Madam Mariam, the principal, teachers and students. I am the President of ……………………Club/Society. The topic of my speech today is …………………….

d

Good morning , ladies and gentlemen. I am the President of ………Club/Society and I would like to thank everyone for giving me the chance to speak today. The topic of my speech is ……………………………

e

Good morning to our Principal, Madam Maria , teachers and students. Thank you for giving me this opportunity to talk about …………………………………………………………

Some interesting sentences you can use as the ending. a

Well, I hope my speech has given you some ideas of how to………………………Thank you for listening.

b

Thank you for lending me your ears. I hope you have gained some ideas/knowledge from my speech.

c.

I hope you have found my speech informative/useful. Thank you for listening/Thank you for lending me your ears.

d

I hope my speech has enlightened you on how ……………Thank you for listening.

e

All in all, I hope my speech has helped enlighten all of you on the ……………………………….Let us work together to make it happen. Thank you.

Read sample Band A essay (A well-developed and an interesting essay ) Good morning , ladies and gentlemen. I would like to thank everyone for giving me the chance to speak today on a serious topic which is about dengue fever. As we all know the Ministry of Health Malaysia is giving serious attention to the rising cases of dengue fever over the last few years. It is known that the dengue infection spread through the bite of the Aedes mosquito. Therefore, preventing the spreading of dengue requires cooperation of the community which needs to be further strengthened. Today I will tell you a number of ways that we must or must not do to overcome this problem.

-interesting opening purpose is stated

Ladies and gentlemen, Cases of dengue occur at home or at places with high breeding areas of mosquitoes. We need to ensure that our houses are free from the Aedes mosquito breeding. This can be done by clearing the breeding areas of the mosquitoes. Owners of premises must spare at least 10 minutes a week to inspect and destroy any Aedes breeding at their own premises. Moreover, awareness campaign on the danger of Aedes needs to be extended to the schools and private agencies so that each and every one will take responsibility in hindering the dengue fever.

2nd paragraph Main idea What can be done? Suggestion 68

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Aedes mosquito breeds easily during the rainy seasons but can flourish in domestic fresh water, for instance in water that is stored in plastic bags, cans, flowerpots and old tyres. Thus, leaving old tyres, empty cans and other unused containers in the garden must be avoided to eliminate any sources that may contain stagnant water. This will encourage mosquitoes to easily breed there. If we have fish ponds at home, make sure to clean them regularly. If you have artificial pond, you should breed small mosquito-eating fishes to eradicate the mosquito larva. Water tanks should also be covered to prevent female mosquitoes to lay eggs in them. Add appropriate insecticides, such as Larvicide to water containers and fish ponds. The insecticides can prevent mosquitoes breeding for several weeks. Our surroundings must also be cleaned all the time. Always clean and check drains to ensure they are not blocked especially during the rainy season. Clear the tall grass and shrubs around our compound to avoid them from becoming the nest for mosquitoes.

3rd paragraph Where? Why?

4th paragraph Main idea How?

Ladies and gentlemen, Do inform the authorities immediately if there are members in your family or in the neighbourhood are suspected with dengue. The Health Department will send their team to take action by doing inspection and spraying insecticide to the infected areas. We must give our full cooperation by obeying the instructions given when the team is doing their work. This will help to quicken the process of destroying the mosquito breeding areas. Nevertheless, there are a number of factors to help prevent the mosquitoes being attracted to human prey. Avoid wearing dark and tight clothing because mosquitoes are attracted to dark colours. Wear loose, white and long clothes, which cover the whole body. Mosquitoes find it difficult to bite through loose clothes than tight fitting clothes. It is suggested to sleep under mosquito netting or in a room which has mosquito screens on the windows. Mosquitoes are unlikely to bite in an air-conditioned room and under strong fans. Mosquito coils are also useful to help prevent mosquitoes from entering the room. In conclusion, follow the above given tips to effectively protect you from the problem of dengue. It pays to always be on the safe side by having you and your loved ones shielded from the bites of dengue-carrying mosquitoes. Remember, prevention is better than cure! Thank you for listening.

5th paragraph

6th paragrpah Additional information/ Suggestions

7th paragraph Ending-

Let’s practice

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 As the President of your school’s Club, you have been asked to give a speech during the school assembly about ‘ Losing Weight the Healthy Way.’ Use the pictures below to help you talk about the various ways on how to lose weight.

Balanced diet- food pyramid

less- fat- drink- enough water

Regular exercise-walking - cycling

stick to diet-think positive-

Now,let’s write the speech

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Introductory

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paragraph

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Main idea

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& elaboration

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Main idea

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& elaboration

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Main idea

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& elaboration

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Main idea

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& elaboration

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Additional information/ other suggestion

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Ending -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note: Don’t forget to go through the essay to check any mistakes on spelling, SVA and others. Activity 1 Interesting expressions Use your sensory details – see, hear, feel, smell, taste

Choose a few expressions in the box and use them in sentences.

1. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 73 ____________ 2. _____________________________________

SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012

A. At the beach/ at the seaside / near a waterfall/ near a picnic area - magnificent scenery - build sandcastles - big, shady tree - tranquillity -salt water, fresh water -jungle trekking

- breath-taking view - crystal clear water - collect seashells - white sandy beach -barbecue

1. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ ________________

B. Sports Day /1 Malaysia Run

-kicked off -march past -launched by -field events -starting /finishing line - track events -officiate the opening ceremony - contingents - cheering supporters -salute - cultural performance - splendid performance Scope: campaign on cleanliness

2. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ ________________ 3. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ ________________ 4. _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ 1. __________________________________ _____________________________________ __________________________________ ________________ __________________________________ ________ 2. __________________________________ __________________________________ 74 __________________________________ __________________________________ ____________

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Scope: Natural disaster-Flood

1. ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _________ 2. ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _________ 3. ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _________ Scope: Charity Drive ( Helping the needy)

4. ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ _________

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 1. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 2. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 3. ___________________________________ ___ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ______ 4. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ Scope : Recycling programme

5. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ 1. ___________________________________ ______ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 2. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 3. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 4. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ _________ 5. ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ______

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SLOT 6

LET’S WRITE 2

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SECTION A: Writing a recount Point to remember: Identify all the verbs in the notes given and change them into past tense form! Writing the introduction : Rephrasing the rubrics. Rubric :. You and your friends went for a trip to the National Park recently.Based on the pictures and notes below, write a recount about your experience there. Writing the content / body of the composition. Step 1 : Writing main ideas (complete sentences for each point given) Picture 1 : arrive - chalet – checked-in- unpacked

1. We arrived / checked-in at the chalet 2.We unpacked our things. . Picture 2 : Boat ride – crossed river – visited – Orang Asli settlement 1. We enjoyed the boat ride 2. We crossed the river. 3. We visited the Orang Asli Settlement. Picture 3 : Cave – explored – waterfall - swam 1. We explored the cave. 2. We swam at the waterfall. Picture 4 : Jungle trekking – flora and fauna – took photographs- returned 1. We went jungle trekking. 2. We saw various type of flora and fauna. 3. We took some photographs. 4.We returned to our chalet

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Writing the conclusion / ending I really hope that I can go to another trip with my friends again in the future.

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SPECIAL OPS – PMR ENGLISH 2012 Step 2 : Writing the sentences in paragraphs: We arrived / checked-in at the chalet.We unpacked our things. We enjoyed the boat ride We crossed the river. We visited the Orang Asli Settlement. We explored the cave. We swam at the waterfall. We went jungle trekking. We saw various type of flora and fauna. We took some photographs. .We returned to our chalet .I really hope that I can go to another trip with my friends again in the future.

Step 3 :Add in some details (e.g.: adjectives, adverbs, proper nouns) and use simple and compound structures or do some organisation of the sentences. Recently, during the school holidays, my friends and I went on a trip to the National Park in Pahang. We took a bus to the park . After one and a half hours, we arrived at our destination. After that, we checked-in at the chalet and later unpacked our things. As it was a very tiring journey, we decided to rest for the whole evening. On the following day, we had our first boat ride to visit the Orang Asli Settlement. We enjoyed the beautiful scenery while crossing the river. One hour later, we arrived at the settlement. We were welcomed by the villagers with their tribal dance. We were served food and drinks by the ladies. Then, after lunch, we had a golden opportunity to explore the nearest cave.. It was a very memorable experience looking at the painting on the cave’s wall. We took some photographs for our memories. Then, some of us enjoyed swimming at the waterfall near the cave. After a joyful moment at the waterfall, we returned to our chalet. The next day, we continued with our next activity which was jungle trekking. There were many type of flora and fauna which had not been seen by most of us before. We also enjoyed the amazing view in the unspoiled forest while taking some photographs. Overwhelmed with God’s creation, we did not notice that it was already almost dusk. We decided to return to our chalet. After refreshing ourselves, we went to the cafe to have dinner. Since we were very hungry, we really ate to our heart‟s content. Then, we returned to our room and rested for the whole night. After spending three precious days at the park, we returned home. It was indeed a new experience to us as we really enjoyed ourselves doing lots of fun activities there. I really hope that I can go to another trip with my friends again. . Though I had blue and black all over my body, I really had the most enjoyable time and still treasure the precious new experience I gained from the trip.

Still can be improved? What can be done? 1. Elaborate more and use more descriptive words and expressions. 2. Always be alert with use of grammatical items. 3. Have a style in your writing! How? Use a variety of structures.

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An article on the experience at an old folk’s home

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