Modul Akl Pertemuan 1

 

KBVOSKO]G BFVKODKO HKONVSKO G KBVOSKO]G QFODDKIVODKO V]KEK CKO GOZF]SK]G CKHKL ]KEKL

Jkbuhtks

> JIG]

Qr`drkl stucg

> KBVOSKO]G

Sktkp Lubk

1; B`cf Lktkbuhgke

> T;9;7195

Cgsusuo `hfe

> Hfstkrg, ]F., Kb., L.Kb.

 

Qfoddkiuodko Vskek cko Govfstksg ]kekl Qfockeuhuko Qfoddk Qfo ddkiu iuodk odko o usk uskek ek pkc pkck k tke tkeuo uo ;7 ;77171-ko ko lf lfrup rupkb kbko ko pfr pfrtul tuliue iueko ko kbt kbtgvg gvgtks tks lfrdfr cko kbugsgsg ykod hukr igksk, ikgb cg Klfrgbk lkupuo pkskr gotfroksg`okh. Qfoddkiuodko uskek kckhke pfoyktuko fotgtks igsogs ykod sfifhuloyk tfrpgske. Lfsbgpuo tunuko utklk pfoddkiuodko uskek kckhke lfogodbktbko pr`jgtkighgtks, ikoykb pfruskekko ckpkt hfige fjgsgfo cfodko lfodgotfdrksgbko `pfrksg sfmkrk e`rgz`otkh, vfrtgmkh, ktku cfodko lfocgvfrsgjgbksgbko rgsgb` uskek lfhkhug `pfrksg b`odh`lfrksg. Qfruskekko sfmkrk b`ostko ifruskek bfrks lfomgptkbko oghkg tklike fb`o`lg ikdg pkrk pflfdkod skekloyk. Ckhkl bkgtkooyk cfodko strktfdg gog, pfrhuksko uske us kek k tf tfhk hke e hklk hklk cgko cgkodd ddkp kp sf sfik ikdk dkgg tu tunu nuko ko fo fotgt tgtks ks ig igso sogs gs yk ykod od lk lksu sub b kb kbkh kh.. Qfrusk Qfr uskekk ekko o luo luodbg dbgo o lfl lflghg ghge e uot uotub ub lfl lflpfr pfrhuk huks s us uskek kek,, ik ikgb gb sfm sfmkrk krk got gotfro frokh kh (lflikoduo jksghgtksoyk sfocgrg) lkupuo sfmkrk fbstfrokh (lfodkligh khge bfockhg ktks pfruskekko hkgo ckhkl pfoddkiuodko uskek). Qkck ikdgko gog, j`bus tfrbkgt pkck lfodkpk pfruskekko sfrgod bkhg hfige lfoyubkg `psg pfrhuksko fbstfrokh bftglikod bftgl ikod gotfrokh cko ikdk ikdkglko glkok k hkp` hkp`rko rko bfuk bfukodko odko lfom lfomfrlgo frlgobko bko eksg eksghh ckrg kbtgvgtks tfrsfiut. Gotfdrksg e`rgz`otkh kckhke pfoddkiuodko pfruskekko ckhkl hgog uskek ktku pkskr  ykod sklk. Gotfdrksg vfrtgbkh kckhke pfoddkiuodko pfruskekko cfodko `pfrksg pkck pk ck tkek tkekp p pr`c pr`cub ubsg sg,, cgst cgstrgi rgius usg, g, ktku ktku bf bfcu cuko koyk yk if ifri rifc fck, k, tf tftk tkpg pg if ifru ruru rutk tko. o. ]flfot ]fl fotkrk krk gtu gtu,, b`o b`odh` dh`lfr lfrksg ksg kck kckhke hke pfo pfoddk ddkiuo iuodk dko o pfr pfrus uskek kekkoko-pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o cfodko juodsg pr`cub, nksk, ktku bfcukoyk ykod tgckb skhgod ifreuiuodko cko ifrkdkl. Qfoddkiuodko uskek pkck ikdgko gog cgduokbko uotub ckpkt lfomktktbko kbuokbuo kbu o gov govfst fstksg ksg ck cko o sfd sfdfrk frk lfo lfodek dekpus pus kbu kbuo o tfr tfrsfi sfiut ut lfh lfhkhu khugg pf pfodk odkh`b h`bksg ksg bf lksgod-lksgod kbuo ksft cko bfwkngiko. Qkck ikdgko govfstksg skekl, govfst`r  lfoyfhfoddkrkbko lfoyfhfoddkrkb ko kbuo govfstksg ktks ckskr ifrbfhkonutko (m`otgou`us iksgs). Ekh gog tfr tfrbkg bkgtt cfo cfodko dko ogh oghkg kg wkn wknkr kr sfb sfburg urgtks tks yko ykod d ckp ckpkt kt cgp cgpfrn frnukh ukhifh ifhgbk gbko o cko igk igkyk yk sfburgtks ykod tgckb ckpkt cgpfrnukhifhgbko.

 

]ftfhke lflpfhknkrg iki gog, lkeksgswk cgekrkpbko uotub lklpu lflkeklg cko lfonfh lfo nfhksb ksbko ko b`o b`osfp sfp-b` -b`osf osfp p yko ykod d tfr tfrbk bkgt gt cfo cfodko dko pfo pfodd ddkiu kiuodk odko o usk uskek ek cko govfstksg skekl cg Goc`ofsgk cfodko pfrgomgko ifrgbut> ;. Qfo Qfoddk ddkiuo iuodko dko u uske skek k cg Goc` Goc`ofs ofsgk. gk. 9. Lfoyf Lfoyfiutb iutbko ko ggsg sg p pfrnko frnkongko ngko pfod pfoddkiu dkiuodko. odko. =. Bkr Bkrkbt kbtfrg frgstg stgb b pf pfodd oddkiu kiuodk odko. o. 3. Nfo Nfogsgs-nfo nfogs gs pfod pfoddki dkiuod uodko ko usk uskek. ek. 6. Kturk Kturko o pfonu pfonurokhk rokhko o cko lk lklpu lpu lf lfhkbub hkbubko ko pfo pfonurok nurokhko. hko. :. Lf Lft` t`cf cf pf pfod odeg egtu tuod odko ko i` i`ou ous s kt ktku kupu puo o lf lft` t`cf cf d` d``c `cwg wghh hh ck cko o lk lklp lpu u lfonfhksbko pfonurokhkooyk. 4. Kbu Kbuotk otkosg osg u uotu otub b gov govfst fstks ksgg ske skekl. kl. 5. B`osf B`osfp p ykod lfo lfocksk ckskrg rg lft`cf og oghkg hkg wknkr wknkr/igky /igkyk k cko lft`c lft`cf f fbugtk fbugtks. s. 7. Qr`sf Qr`sfcur cur kb kbuotko uotkosg sg lfo lfourut urut igk igkyk/o yk/oghkg ghkg wk wknkr nkr cko f fbugtk bugtks. s. ;1. Lft`cf fbugtks-b`os` fbugtks-b`os`hgcksg hgcksg sktu ikrgs cko pfonurokhko. ;;.Lfodurkgbko pfodungko d``cwghh. Khksko-khksko pfoddkiuodko uskek Ngbk pfrhuksko kckhke skskrko utklk pfruskekko, lfodkpk igsogs ekrus cgpfrhuks lfhkhu lfh khugg pfo pfoddk ddkiuo iuodko dko usk uskek ek cko iub iubko ko cfo cfodko dko lfl lfliko ikoduo duo jks jksghg ghgtks tks-jk -jksgh sghgtk gtks s ikru0 Ififrkpk khksko ykod luodbgo ckpkt cghgekt ifrgbut gog> ;. M`st kcv kcvkotkd kotkdf> f> sfrgod bk bkhghg pfrusk pfruskekko ekko gtu hfig hfige e lucke lflp lflpfr`hf fr`hfe e jksghgtk jksghgtks s ykod yk od cgiu cgiutu tueb ebko ko lf lfhk hkhu hugg

pf pfod oddk dkiu iuod odko ko us uske kek k

cg cgik ikoc ocgo godb dbko ko cf cfod odko ko

pfodflikodko. Ekh gog ifrhkbu pkck pfrg`cf gojhksg. 9. H`w H`wfr fr rgsb> lfli lflifhg fhg hgog pr`c pr`cub ub ykod suc sucke ke kck igksk igkskoyk oyk bur burkod kod ifrg ifrgsgb sgb` ` bftgli bft glikod kod lfo lfodfl dflik ikodb odbko ko pr` pr`cub cub ck cko o pks pkskr kr ikr ikru. u. Ygsgb` Ygsgb` kbk kbko o rfo rfocke cke kpkighk tunukooyk kckhke cgvfrsgjgbksg. Qkrk ghluwko luodbgo lfoflubko ikewk ike wk pr` pr`cub cub tfr tfrtfo tfotu tu kb kbko ko lf lflik likek ekykb ykbko ko hgo hgodb dbuod uodko ko cko bfs bfsfek fektko tko.. Qfruskekk Qfrus kekko o ykod ekoyk lfliu lfliukt kt sktu pr`c pr`cub ub ykod tgckb tfrcgv tfrcgvfrsgj frsgjgbksg gbksg luodbg luo dbgo o sk sknk nk lfo lfodkh dkhkog kog bfi bfikod kodbru brutko tko ngbk ngbk ekh ekh-ek -ekhh tfrsf tfrsfiut iut cgt cgtflu flubko bko,, sfckod sfc kodbko bko pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o cfo cfodko dko lu luhtgp htgpr`c r`cub ub yko ykod d tfr tfrcgv cgvfrs frsgjgb gjgbksg ksg ckp ckpkt kt ifrn if rnkh khko ko.. Ik Ikdg dg pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko yk ykod od if ifrb rbfm fmgl glpu puod od ck ckhk hkl l go gocu cust strg rg cf cfod odko ko bkpksgtks lkoujkbtur ifrhfige, pfoddkiuodko uskek luodbgo sktu-sktuoyk mkrk uotub ifrbflikod.

 

=. Jfw Jfwfr fr `pf `pfrkt rktgod god cfhky cfhky>> lf lflpf lpfrbf rbfmgh mgh bftfr bftfrhkl hklikt iktko ko `p `pfrk frksg. sg. Ekh gog ckpkt cgpfr`hfe cgpfr `hfe cfod cfodko ko lfoyf lfoyfcgkb cgkbko ko jksghg jksghgtks-j tks-jksghgt ksghgtks ks ykod lflkc lflkckg. kg. JksghgtksJksghgtksjksghgtks pkirgb ykod cgpfr`hfe lfhkhug pfoddkiuodko uskek ckpkt cgekrkpbko sfdfrk sfd frk if ifr`p r`pfrk frksg sg ck cko o lf lflfo lfoueg ueg pfr pfrktu kturko rko yk ykod od ifr ifreui euiuod uodko ko cfo cfodko dko hgodbuodko cko pflfrgotke. Ckhkl lflikoduo jksghgtks pfruskekko ykod ikru, luodbgo tfrnkcg pfouockko bkrfok cgpfrhubko pfrsftunuko pflfrgotke uotub lfluhkg `pfrksg. 3. @vkgc @vkgckomf komf `j tkbf` tkbf`vfrs> vfrs> lfo lfodego degockrg ckrg pfod pfodkligh klighkhgek khgeko. o. Ikoykb pfr pfruske uskekko kko ykod ifrdkiuod uotub lfodegockrg pfodklighkhgeko cg kotkrk pfruskekko gtu. Qfruskekko ykod hfige bfmgh mfocfruod hfige rfotko uotub cgkligh khge. Bkrfok Bkr fok gtu gtu,, ik ikoyk oykb b cg kot kotkrk krkoyk oyk lfl lflkbk kbkgg str strktf ktfdg dg pfl pflifh ifhgg ykod ykod kdr kdrfsg fsgj  j  sfik sf ikdk dkgg

pf pfrt rtke keko koko ko

tf tfri rikg kgb b

tf tfre rekc kckp kp

us uske kek k

pf pfod odkl klig ighk hkhg hgek eko o

`h `hfe fe

pfruskekko hkgo. 6. Km Kmqu qus sgtg` gtg`o o

`j

gotk gotkod odgi gihf hf

kss ssf fts ts>>

pf pfo oddk dki iuod uodko

uske kek k

lf lfhg hgik iktb tbk ko

pfoddkiuodko sulifr ckyk tgckb ifrwunuc. Nkcg, kbugsgsg ktks ekb pktfo, ekb pfoklikodko lgofrkh, ktku bfkehgko lkoknflfo luodbgo lfonkcg jkbt`r  utklk ykod lfl`tgvksg suktu pfoddkiuodko uskek. :. @t @tef efrr

rf rfks ks`o `os> s>

sf sfhk hkgo go

uo uotu tub b

pf pfrrhuks huksk ko,

pf pfru rus ske kek kko

ck ckp pkt

lf lflg lghg hge e

pfoddkiuodko uskek uotub lflpfr`hfe bfuotuodko pknkb ktks pfockpktko prgikcg cko bfuotuodko pknkb rfkh fstktf sfrtk khksko-khksko prgikcg.

K. QFYSGLIKODKO LFODFOKG KOSGSYV]S VV kot kotgtr gtrust ust jfc jfcfrk frkhh lfh lfhkrk krkod od pfo pfoddk ddkiuo iuodk dko o usk uskek ek yko ykod d ifr ifrsgj sgjkt kt lfl lflikt iktks ksgg pfrckdkodko ktku lfodurkodg pfrskgodko. Cfpkrtflfo bfekbglko K] cko Jfcfrkh Srkcf M`llgsg`o M`llgsg`o (JSM) kckhke pgekb pgekb ykod pkhgod ifrtk ifrtkoddu odduod od nkwki tfrekckp tfrhkbskokoyk VV kotgtrust jfcfrkh. Qfoddkiuodko uskek pkck ififrkpk gocustrg tfrtfotu ekrus cgtfhkke `hfe ififrkpk kdfo jfcfrkh hkgooyk. Jfcfrkh rfsfrvf i`krcs lfofhkke lfrdfr ikob, cfpkrtflfo trkosp trk osp`rt `rtksg ksg lfo lfodun dungg lfr lfrdfr dfr pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o yko ykod d ifr ifrkck kck cg ikw ikwke ke yur yurgsc gscgbs gbsgoy goyk, k, cfpkrtflf cfpk rtflfo o fofr fofrdg dg lflghg lflghgbg bg yurgs yurgscgbs cgbsgg ktks lfrd lfrdfr fr ifif ififrkpk rkpk pfruskek pfruskekko ko utghgtk utghgtks s hgstrgb hgstrgb cko jfc jfcfrk frkhh m`l m`lluo luogmk gmktg` tg`o o m`l m`llgs lgssg` sg`o o (JM (JMM) M) lfo lfodkt dktur ur trk trkosj osjfr fr hgsfos hgsfosgg b`luogbksg. ]fhkgo VV kotgtrust jfcfrkh, sfikdgko ifskr Ofdkrk ikdgko nudk lflghgbg ififrkpk  nfogs pfrkturko pfodklighkhgeko stktus. Ififrkpk Ofdkrk ikdgko lfom`ik

 

lfomfdke ktku lfouock pfodklighkhgeko sfmkrk pkbsk tfrekckp pfruskekko ykod ifrh`bksg cg ikdgko Ofdkrk tfrsfiut. Cg sgsg hkgo, ififrkpk ofdkrk ikdgko tfhke lfh`oddk lfh` oddkrbko rbko VV kotgt kotgtrust rust uotub lfhgocuo lfhgocuodg dg rulke skbgt ykod kbko lfhkb lfhkbubko ubko pr`yfb pr` yfb bfr bfrnk nk skl sklk. k. Got Gotfrp frprft rftksg ksg ktk ktks s VV kot kotgtru gtrust st ifr ifrvkr vkrgks gksgg ckr ckrgg sk sktu tu ik ikcko cko bf ikcko ykod hkgo, ckrg sktu cfpkrtflfo bf cfpkrtflfo ykod hkgo, cko ckrg sktu ikdgko bf sktu ikdgko ofdkrk ykod hkgo. Ikebko cfpkrtflfo ykod sklk ckhkl ikcko ikc ko yko ykod d skl sklk k igk igksk sk ifr ifrifc ifck k pfo pfokjs kjsgrk grko. o. Qfo Qfoddk ddkiuo iuodk dko o us uskek kek yk ykod od tfh tfhke ke ifrnkhko sfwkbtu-wkbtu ckpkt cgung uhkod `hfe JSM.  Kckoyk pfrifckko gotfrprftksg ktks VV kotgtrust kotkrikdgko, kotkrcfpkrtflfo, cko kotkrofdkrk lfodkbgiktbko pfoddkiuodko uskek ykod sucke ifrnkhko sfwkbtuwkbt wk btu u ck ckpk pktt cgun cgungg uhko uhkod d `hfe `hfe JS JSM. M. Cf Cfrf rfdu duhk hksg sg ck ckhk hkl l go gocu cust strg rg pf pfri riko kobk bko, o, tfhf tfhfb` b`lu luog ogbk bksg sg,,

ck cko o

utgh utghgt gtks ks

tf tfhk hke e

lf lfod odgz gzgo gobk bko o

pf pfod oddk dkiu iuod odko ko us uske kek k

yk ykod od

sfifhuloyk cghkrkod. Qkck tkeuo ;774, cfpkrtflfo bfekbglko cko JSM sfpkbkt lfofrigtbko pfc`lko ikru uotub lfodfvkhuksg usuhko pfoddkiuodko uskek. Ekh gog lfluodbgobko pfruskekko uotub lfouonubbko ikewk pfodeflktko igkyk ktku pr`cub ykod hfige ikgb ckpkt lfodglikodg pfodkrue kotgb`lpftgtgj ykod p`tfosgkh ktks

suktu

lfrdfr.

I. IFOSVB EVBVL QFODDKIVODKO V]KEK Ifotub Ifo tub eub eubul ul pfo pfodd ddkiu kiuodk odko o usk uskek ek kck kckhke hke gst gstghk ghke e ulu ulul l yko ykod d lf lfhgp hgputg utg sfl sfluk uk ifotub ifotu b pfod pfoddkiu dkiuodko odko fotgtk fotgtks s igso igsogs gs ykod sfif sfifhuloy huloyk k tfrpgs tfrpgske. ke. Qfod Qfoddkiu dkiuodko odko sfpfrtg sfpf rtg gog cgsf cgsfiut iut kbug kbugsgsg. sgsg. Kbug Kbugsgsg sgsg kckhk kckhke e sukt suktu u pfru pfruskek skekko ko lflp lflpfr`hf fr`hfe e ksft pr`cubtgj ckrg fotgtks igsogs hkgo cko lfodgotfdrksgbko ksftksft tfrsfiut bf ckhkl `pfrksgoyk. Qfodd Qfo ddkiu kiuodk odko o usk uskek ek nud nudk k cgs cgsfiu fiutt sfi sfikdk kdkgg kbu kbugsg gsgsg sg bft bftgbk gbk suk suktu tu pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o lflpfr lfl pfr`hf `hfe e pf pfodf odfock ockhgk hgko o `pf `pfrks rksgg ktk ktks s jks jksghgt ghgtks ks pr` pr`cub cubsg sg fot fotgtk gtks s hkg hkgo o cfo cfodk dko o lflghgbg lky`rgtks skekl ifotub sukrk ifrfckr. Qfruskekko ykod cgkbugsgsg tgckb pfrhu cgiuikrbko, tftkpg pfruskekko tfrsfiut tgckb lflghgbg fbsgstfosg. ]go` ]go`og ogl l ck ckrg rg kb kbug ugsg sgsg sg kc kckh khke ke lf lfrd rdfr fr ck cko o b` b`os os`h `hgc gcks ksg. g. Gstg Gstghk hke e tf tfrs rsfi fiut ut sf sfrgo rgod d cgduokbko uotub lfoddkotg gstghke kbugsgsg. Kbko tftkpg, hfdkhgtks cko kbuotkosgoyk ifrifck. Lfrdfr lflfrhubko pfliuikrko sfluk fotgtks ykod tfrhgikt, bfmukhg sktu fotgtks. ]flfotkrk gtu, b`os`hgcksg lflfrhubko pfliuikrko sfluk fotgtks igsogs ykod tfrhgikt cko lflifotub pfruskekko ikru.

 

Lfrdfr tfrnkcg bftgbk sfiuke pfruskekko ikru cgifotub uotub lfodkligh khge sfluk `pfrksg ckrg fotgtks igsogs hkgooyk cko fotgtks gtu cgiuikrbko. Lgskhoyk, pfruskekko  K lflifhg ksft pfruskekko I hkodsuod ckrg pfruskekko I sfmkrk tuokg, cfodko ksft hkgooyk, ktku cfodko sfburgtks pfruskekko K (skekl, `ihgdksg, ktku wfsfh). Qfod Qf oddk dkiu iuod odko ko us uske kek k

gog gog

cgsf cgsfiu iutt

cf cfod odko ko kb kbug ugsg sgsg sg,,

iu iubk bko o

lf lfrd rdfr fr,,

bf bfmu mukh khgg

pfruskekk pfrusk ekko o I cgi cgiui uikrb krbko. ko. Kht Khtfro froktg ktgjj hkg hkgo, o, pfr pfrus uskek kekko ko K ckp ckpkt kt lflif lflifhghg skekl skekl sfmkrk hkodsuod ckrg pkrk pflfdkod skekl pfruskekko I cfodko tuokg, cfodko ksft ks ft hk hkgo go,, kt ktku ku cf cfod odko ko sf sfbu burgt rgtks ks pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko K. Kb Kbug ugsg sgsg sg go gogg lf lflu luod odbg bgob obko ko pfruskekko lfodfockhgbko `pfrksg ktks ksft-ksft pfruskekko I. Kbugsgsg gog tgckb kbko kb ko lf lfli lifr frgb gbko ko pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko K bf bfpf pflg lghg hgbk bko o eu eubu bul l kt ktks ks ks ksft ft-k -ksf sft, t, bf bfmu mukh khgg pfru pf rusk skek ekko ko K lf lflp lpfr fr`h `hfe fe sf sflu luk k sk skek ekl l pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko I ck cko o lf lflg lghge hge uo uotu tub b lfliuikrbko pfruskekko I (sfbkhg hkdg suktu lfrdfr). B`os`hgcksg tfrnkcg bftgbk sfiuke pfruskekko ikru cgifotub uotub lfodkligh khge ksft cko `pfrksg ckrg cuk ktku hfige fotgtks igsogs ykod tfrpgske sfrtk fotgtks ykod sfifhuloyk tfrpgske tfrsfiut cgiuikrbko. Lgskhoyk, pfruskekko C kckhke sfiuke pfruskekko ykod ikru cgifotub. Bflucgko, pfruskekko gtu ckpkt lflpfr`hfe ksft ifrsge pfruskekko F cko J cfodko lfodfhukrbko skekl sfmkrk hkodsuod bfpkck pfr frus usk kek ekk ko F cko J. Qkc kck k bks ksus us gog, gog, pfr frus uske kek kko F cko J ckpk pktt tf tfru rus s lflpfrtkekobko skekl pfruskekko C uotub lflifrgbko lkojkkt bfpkck pkrk pflfdkod skekloyk (kbugsgsg)2 pfruskekko F cko J ckpkt lfocgstrgiusgbko skekl pfru pf rusk skek ekko ko C bf bfpk pkck ck pk pkrk rk pf pflf lfdk dkod od sk skek ekl2 l2 sf sfrt rtk k pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko F ck cko o J cgiu cgiuik ikrb rbko ko (b (b`o `os` s`hg hgck cksg sg). ). Qk Qkck ck bk bksu sus s tf tfrs rsfi fiut ut,, pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko C lf lflp lpfr fr`h `hfe fe bfpflghgbko ktks ksft-ksft pfruskekko F cko J. Gstghke lfr Gstghke lfrdfr dfr kbk kbko o cgd cgduok uokbko bko sf sfmkr mkrk k tfb tfbogs ogs ngbk ngbk sf sfiuk iuke e pfo pfoddk ddkiuo iuodk dko o usk uskek ek tfrnkcg skkt sfluk, bfmukhg sktu, pfruskekko ykod cgdkiuod cgiuikrbko. Cfodko cflg cf lgbg bgko ko,,

gstg gstghk hke e

b` b`os os`h `hgc gcks ksgg

kb kbko ko

cgdu cgduok okbk bko o

ng ngbk bk

sf sfmk mkrk rk

tf tfbo bogs gs

sf sfiu iuke ke

pfoddkiuodko uskek tfrnkcg skkt sfluk pfruskekko ykod cgdkiuod cgiuikrbko cko ck o sf sfiu iuke ke pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko ik ikru ru cgif cgifot otub ub uo uotu tub b lf lfod odkl klig ighh kh khge ge ks ksft ft if ifrs rsge ge pfruskekk pfrus kekko-pfr o-pfruske uskekko kko gtu. Gstghk Gstghke e b`os b`os`hgck `hgcksg sg nudk cgdu cgduokbk okbko o ckhkl kbuo kbuotkosg tkosg uotub lfouonubbko pr`sfs kbuotkosg ckrg dkiuodko hkp`rko bfukodko pfruskekko go gocu cub b ck cko o ko kokb kb.. Gs Gstg tghk hke e b` b`os os`h `hgc gcks ksgg nudk nudk cg cgdu duok okbk bko o ck ckhk hkl l kb kbuo uotk tkos osgg uo uotu tub b lfouonubbko pr`sfs kbuotkosg ckrg dkiuodko hkp`rko bfukodko pfruskekko gocub cko pfruskekko kokb.

 

Lfrdfr cko b`os`hgcksg tgckb lfogliuhbko lkskhke ktku gsu kbuotkosg ykod beusus sftfhke sftf hke pfod pfoddkiu dkiuodko odko kwkh. Sfrhf Sfrhfpks pks ckrg iubu Kbuotko Kbuotkosg sg Gotfrl Gotfrlfcgkt fcgktf, f, ekh gog cgsfikibko ekoyk sktu fotgtks eubul cko kbuotkosg ykod tftkp ifrtkeko ckhkl suktu lfrdfr ktku b`os`hgcksg.

M. B@O]FQ KBVOSKO]G VOSVB QFODDKIVODKO V]KEK B`osfp kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek igkskoyk tfrckpkt ckhkl Kmm`uotgod Qrgomgphfs I`krc (KQI) @pgog`o O`. ;: tfotkod pfoddkiuodko uskek ykod ifrhkbu fjfbtgj sfnkb ; O`vflifr ;741. Ifrgbut kckhke butgpko KQI. ‘Qfoddkiu ‘Qfod dkiuodko odko uske uskek k (ius (iusgofss gofss m`li m`ligoktg` goktg`o) o) tfrnk tfrnkcg cg kpki kpkighk ghk sukt suktu u pfrus pfruskekk kekko o cgdkiuodbko cfodko sktu ktku hfige pfruskekko hkgo ckhkl sktu fotgtks kbuotkosg. Fotgtks tuoddkh tfrsfiut tftkp lfhkp`rbko kbtgvgtks pfruskekko ykod sfifhuloyk tfrpgske sfmkrk gocfpfocfo“. Ifrifck cfodko b`osfp kbuotkosg lfourut KQI, pkck iuhko Nuog 911;, b`osfp kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek tfrckpkt pkck JK]I ]tktflfot O`. ;3;. ‘Votub tunuko pfofrkpko stktflfot gog, pfoddkiuodko uskek tfrnkcg kpkighk sktu fotgtks lflpfr`hfe ksft ifrsge ykod lflifotub suktu igsogs ktku lfodkbugsgsg bfpflghgbko fbugtks ckrg sktu ktku hfige fotgtks hkgo cko lflpfr`hfe bfockhg ktks fotgtks tfrsfiut“. Qfrektgbko ikewk b`osfp kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek lfofbkobko pkck pfomgptkko fotgtks tuoddkh cko gocfpfocfosg pfruskekkopfruskekko ykod tfrhgikt sfif sf ifhu hul l tf tfrn rnkc kcgg pf pfod oddk dkiu iuod odko ko.. Lf Lfsb sbgp gpuo uo sk sktu tu kt ktku ku hf hfig ige e pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko yk ykod od ifrdki ifr dkiuo uod d bf bfegh eghkod kodko ko gcf gcfotg otgtks tks eub eubulo uloyk, yk, pfl pfliui iuikrk krko o fot fotgtk gtks s eub eubul ul tgc tgckb kb cgpfrhubko ckhkl b`osfp kbuotkosg gog. Qfruskekk Qfrus kekko o ykod sfif sfifhuloy huloyk k tfrpgs tfrpgske ke sfmk sfmkrk rk ifrsk ifrsklk-sk lk-sklk lk lfli lflifotub fotub sktu fotgtks kpkighk sulifr ckyk cko `pfrksg igsogsoyk ifrkck cg ikwke bfockhg tgl lkoknflfo tuoddkh. Qfodfockhgko sflkmkl gtu ckhkl sktu fotgtks igsogs tfrifotub ckhkl pfoddkiuodko uskek ykod> ;. sktu ktku hfige pfruskekko lfonkcg kokb pfruskekko, 9. sktu pfruskekko lfotrkosjfr ksft ifrsgeoyk bf pfruskekko hkgo, ktku

 

=. sf sftgk tgkp p pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko lf lfot otrk rkos osjf jfrr ks ksft ft if ifrs rsge geoy oyk k bf pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko ik ikru ru yk ykod od cgifotub.

]uktu pfruskekko lfonkcg pfruskekko kokb bftgbk pfruskekko hkgo lflpfr`hfe lky`rgtks (hfige ckrg 61%) skekl ifrekb sukrk ykod ifrfckr. Nkcg, sktu pfruskekko tg tgck ckb b pf pfrh rhu u lf lflp lpfr fr`h `hfe fe sf sflu luk k sk skek ekl l pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko hk hkgo go uo uotu tub b lf lfhk hkbu bubk bko o pfoddkiuodko uskek. Ckhkl pfoddkiuodko uskek skkt burkod ckrg ;11% skekl ykod ifrekb sukrk lghgb pfruskekko hkgo ykod cgdkiuod cgpfr`hfe, pfruskekkopfruskekko ykod cgdkiuod tftkp lflghgbg gcfotgtks eubul ykod nudk tfrpgske cko mktktko kbuotkosg ykod nudk tfrpgske lfsbgpuo tfhke lfonkcg sktu fotgtks uotub tunuko pfhkp`rko utklkoyk. Qfodd Qfo ddkiu kiuodk odko o usk uskek ek,, sk skkt kt skt sktu u pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o lf lfotr otrkos kosjfr jfr ksf ksftt if ifrsg rsgeoy eoyk k bf pfruskekko hkgo, ckpkt cgwunucbko ckhkl ifrikdkg mkrk. Kbko tftkpg, ckhkl sftgkp bksus pfruskekko pfodkbugsgsg ekrus lflpfr`hfe sfluk ksft ifrsge. Cfodko mkrk hkg hkgo, o, sft sftgkp gkp pfr pfrusk uskekk ekko o yk ykod od ifr ifrdki dkiuod uod ckp ckpkt kt lfo lfotrk trkosj osjfr fr ksf ksftt ifr ifrsge sgeoyk oyk bf pfruskekko ikru ykod cgifotub. Bkrfok pfruskekko ikru tgckb lflpuoykg ksft ifrsge sfocgrg, pfruskekko tfrsfiut lfodfhukrbko skekl bfpkck pfruskekko hkgo ykod ifrdkiuod, bfpkck pkrk pflfdkod skekl, ktku pflghgboyk.

Hktkr ifhkbkod sgodbkt kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek  Kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodk pfoddkiuodko o uskek lfrupkbko t`pgb ykod pkhgod lfokrgb ckhkl tf`r tf`rgg ck cko o pr prkb kbtg tgb b kb kbuo uotk tkos osg. g. ]f ]fmk mkrk rk egst egst`r `rgs gs bf bfik ikoy oykb kbko ko b` b`ot otr` r`vf vfrs rsgg tf tfot otko kod d kbuotkosg uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek ifrbgskr pkck lft`cf pfoyktuko bfpflghgbko (p``hgod `j gotfrfst lfte`c) ykod cgtfrglk sfmkrk ulul pkck tkeuo ;761 bftgbk M`llgttff `o Kmm`uotgod Qr`mfcurf lfofrigtbko KYI O`. 31. Qkck iuhko Kdustus ;777, JK]I lfofrigtbko hkp`rko ykod lfocubuod bfputusko ykod cgusuhbko uotub lfodfhglgoksg pfoyktuko bfpflghgbko. Khksko-khksko utklk ykod cgbflubkbko> ;. pfo pfoykt yktuko uko bf bfpfl pflghg ghgbko bko lfl lflif ifrgb rgbko ko goj goj`rl `rlks ksgg yko ykod d bur burkod kod rfh rfhfvk fvko o bf bfpkc pkck k pflkbkg hkp`rko2 9. pfoyktuko bfpflghgbko lfodkikgbko pfrtubkrko oghkg fb`o`lg ckhkl trkoskbsg cko lfliukt fvkhuksg bgofrnk sfhkonutoyk lfonkcg tgckb luodbgo2 =. lf lfli liko kocg cgod odbk bko o pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko-p -pfr frus uske kekk kko o khtfroktgj ykod suhgt cghkbubko `hfe govfst`r.

cf cfod odko ko

lf lfod oddu duok okbk bko o

lf lft` t`cf cf

 

Lft`cf pfoyfsukgko bfpflghgbko lfomgptkbko lkskhke-lkskhke tfrsfiut bkrfok lfodduokbko oghkg iubu egst`rgs uotub lfomktkt pfoddkiuodko, iubko lfodkbug oghkg wknkr ksft ifrsge pkck tkoddkh trkoskbsg. Qrgosgpprgosgp kbuotkosg ykod cgtfrglk ulul (DKKQ) lfosykrktbko pfomktktko kbugsgsg ksft pkck oghkg wknkroyk. Hfige hk hkon onut ut,, JK JK]I ]I pf pfrm rmky kyk k ik ikew ewk k pf pfod odfr frtg tgko ko fb fb`o `o`l `lgg ck ckrg rg lf lft` t`cf cf pf pfoy oykt ktuk uko o bfpflghgbko nkrkod kck ckhkl pfoddkiuodko uskek. ]fmkrk hfige rfkhgstgs, sfluk pfoddkiuodko pfoddkiuodk o kckhke kbusgsg, ykgtu sktu pfruskekko lflpfr`hfe bfockhg ktks ykod hkgooyk. JK]I ]tktflfot O`. ;3;Y lfodfhglgoksg lft`cf kbuotkosg pfoyktuko bfpflghgbko uotub sfluk trkoskbsg ykod cgluhkg sftfhke ;6 Cfsflifr 9115. Qfoddkiuodko ykod yko d cgl cgluhk uhkgg sft sftfhk fhke e tko tkoddk ddkhh tfr tfrsfi sfiut ut ekr ekrus us lfo lfodd dduok uokbk bko o lft lft`cf `cf pfl pflifh ifhgko gko.. ]t ]tko kock ckrr yk ykod od ik ikru ru gog gog nudk nudk lf lfli liuk uktt pf pfru ruik ikek eko o hk hkgo go pkck pkck kb kbuo uotk tkos osgg uo uotu tub b pfoddkiuodko uskek.

C. KB KBVO VOSK SKO] O]GG VO VOSV SVB B QF QFOD ODDK DKIV IVOD ODKO KO V] V]KE KEK K LF LFOV OVYV YVS S LF LFS@ S@CF CF QFLIFHGKO ]fluk ]fl uk pfo pfodd ddkiu kiuodk odko o usk uskek ek yko ykod d cgl cgluhk uhkgg sft sftfhk fhke e ;6 Cfs Cfsfli flifr fr 911 9115 5 ekr ekrus us cgpfregtuo cgpf regtuodbko dbko sfik sfikdkg dkg pfli pflifhgko fhgko lfou lfourut rut JK]I ]tktf ]tktflfot lfot O` ;3;Y ;3;Y.. ]tkoc ]tkockr  kr  ykod yko d ikr ikru u gog lfo lfoddk ddkotg otgbko bko KQI @p @pgog gog`o `o O`. ;: ;:,, ‘Qf ‘Qfodd oddkiu kiuodk odko o Vsk Vskek“ ek“,, cko lfoddkotgbko ktku lfrfvgsg ififrkpk gotfrprftksg stkockr tfrckeuhu. Okluo, JK]I tftkp lflkbkg sfluk KQI @pgog`o O`. ;:, bfmukhg lft`cf pfoyktuko bfpflghgbko (p``hgod `j gotfrfst) uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek. Lft`cf pflifhgko lfodgbutg prgosgp-prgosgp kbuotkosg ykod cgtfrglk ulul ykod sklk skl k uot uotub ub lfo lfomk mktkt tkt pf pfodd oddkiu kiuod odko ko usk uskek ek sfp sfpfrt frtgg ckhkl ckhkl lfo lfomkt mktkt kt ksf ksftt cko bfwkngiko hkgooyk. Qfomktktko pfoddkiuodko uskek lfodduokbko prgosgp igkyk egst egst`r `rgs gs.. Cf Cfod odko ko bk bktk tk hkgo hkgo,, bgtk bgtk lf lfod odub ubur ur ig igky kyk k uo uotu tub b fo fotgt tgtks ks pf pfli lifh fhgg bf bftg tgbk bk lfod lf odkb kbug ugsg sgsg sg pf pfru rusk skek ekko ko hkgo hkgo ck ckhk hkl l pf pfod oddk dkiu iuod odko ko us uske kek k cf cfod odko ko lf lft` t`cf cf pfli pf lifh fhgk gko o lf lfhk hkhu hugg nulh nulhke ke bk bks s yk ykod od cgbf cgbfhu hukr krbk bko, o, og oghk hkgg wknk wknkrr ks ksft ft hk hkgo go yk ykod od cgcgstrgiusgbko, ktku sfburgtks ykod cgtfrigtbko. Ghustrksg, koddkphke QS Qgbghg lfofrigtbko ;11.111 hflikr skekl igksk cfodko oghkg o`lgokh Yp;1 uotub lfockpktbko ksft ifrsge QS Vcgo ckhkl suktu pfoddkiuodko uskek cfodko lft`cf pflifhgko pkck ; Nuhg 9117. Ekrdk pkskr skekl igksk QS Qgbghg pkck tkoddkh tfrsfiut kckhke Yp ;: pfr skekl. Igkyk hkodsuod tklikeko

 

uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek gtu tfrcgrg ktks e`o`r ]FM (Ikpfpkl) sfifskr Yp6.111, e`o`r kbuotko sfifskr Yp;1.111, igkyk pfrmftkbko cko pfofrigtko sfrtgjgbkt skekl igksk sfifskr Yp96.111, sfrtk e`o`r b`osuhtko Yp51.111. QS Qgbghg lfomktkt pfofrigtko ;1.111 hflikr skekl ckhkl pfliubukooyk (ckhkl rgiuko).

Govfstksg skekl QS Vcgo

;.:11

 ]kekl igksk, o`lgokh ;11

;.111

Sklikeko l`ckh cgsft`r

:11

QS Qgbghg lfomktkt igkyk hkodsuod tklikeko uotub pfoddkiuodko uskek sfikdkg ifrgbut.

Govfstksg ckhkl QS Vcgo

51.111

Sklikeko l`ckh cgsft`r

31.111

Bks ktku ksft ifrsge hkgo

;91.111

Bklg lflpfrhkbubko igkyk pfockjtkrko cko pfofrigtko sfifskr Yp31.111 sfikdkg pfodur pfo durko kod d ogh oghkg kg wkn wknkr kr ske skekl kl yko ykod d cgt cgtfri frigtb gtbko ko cko lfl lflifi ifiko kobko bko igk igkykyk-igk igkyk yk tf tfrs rsfi fiut ut

bf

l` l`ck ckhh

cgsf cgsft` t`rr

tk tkli like keko ko..

Ig Igky kykk-ig igky kyk k

hk hkod odsu suod od

hk hkgo gooy oyk k

ck ckrg rg

pfoddkiuodko uskek Yp51.111 cgtklikebko bf igkyk pfr`hfeko QS Vcgo. S`tkh igkyk igk yk ikd ikdgg QS Qgb Qgbghg ghg uot uotub ub lfo lfodk dkbug bug QS Vcg Vcgo o kc kckhk khke e Yp; Yp;.:1 .:11.1 1.111. 11. Nu Nulhk lhke e gog cglksubbko bf kbuo govfstksg QS Vcgo. S`tkh igkyk ykod tfrnkcg ckhkl pflifhgko pfruskekko hkgo pfrhu cgkbuluhksgbko ckhkl sktu kbuo govf ckhkl govfstks stksgg tfrsf tfrsfocgrg, ocgrg, tkop tkopk k lflp lflpfrekt frektgbko gbko kpkb kpkbke ke pfru pfruskek skekko ko ykod cgdkiuod hkgooyk cgiuikrbko ktku pfruskekko ykod cgdkiuod tfrus ifr`pfrksg ckhkl ck hkl eui euiuo uodko dko goc gocubub-kok kokb. b. Ngb Ngbk k QS Vc Vcgo go cgi cgiuik uikrbk rbko, o, ks ksft ft ifr ifrsge sge yko ykod d ckp ckpkt kt cggcfotgjgbksg cgmktkt pkck pfliubuko QS Qgbghg sfifskr oghkg wknkroyk cko sftgkp bfhfigeko igkyk pfr`hfeko govfstksg tfrekckp oghkg wknkr cgmktkt sfikdkg d``cwghh. Qkck bksus gog, skhc` ykod cgmktkt pkck kbuo govfstksg ckhkl QS Vcgo cgkh`bksgbko cfodko lfodduokbko kykt nurokh pkck pfliubuko QS Qgbghg. Kykt nurokh tfrsfiut sfikdkg ifrgbut. Qgutkod

xxx

Qfrsfcgkko  Ksft tftkp

xxx xxx

 

D``cwghh

xxx

Vtkod uskek

xxx

Tfsfh ikykr

xxx

Govfstksg ckhkl QS. Vcgo

;.:51

Kh`bksg igkyk ckhkl pfoddkiuodko uskek cfodko lft`cf pflifhgko Hkodbke Hkod bke pfrtk pfrtklk lk ckhk ckhkl l lfod lfodkh`b kh`bksgbk ksgbko o igky igkyk k ckrg pfrus pfruskekk kekko o ykod cgkbugsgs cgkbugsgsgg kckhke lfofotubko oghkg wknkr sfluk ksft ifrwunuc cko tgckb ifrwunuc ykod ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksg cko ykod cgpfr`hfe sfrtk bfwkngiko ykod cgtkodduod. Ekh gog ckpkt lfonkcg tudks l`oulfotkh, tftkpg sfikdgko ifskr pfruskekko gog cghkbubko sfifhul cko sfhklk pr`sfs lfofd`sgksgbko lfrdfr ykod cgusuhbko. Qfruskekko igkskoyk lflkbkg nksk pfoghkg gocfpfocfo uotub lfofotubko oghkg pkskr wknkr. JK]I ]tktflfot O`. ;64 lflifrgbko pfc`lko tgdk hfvfh> ;. sfburgtks ykod ckpkt cgpfrnukhifhgbko– cgpfrnukhifhgbko–oghkg oghkg wknkr2 9. oghkg rfkhgsksg ifrsge cgburkodg hkik ykod wknkr2 =. fstglksg gotfrokh hkgooyk.

;. Qfodkbuko cko Qfoduburko Ksft Sgckb Ifrwunuc, sfhkgo D``cwghh JK]I ]tktflfot ]tktflfot O`. ;3;Y nudk lfod lfodbhkrg bhkrgjgbks jgbksgg pfod pfodkbuk kbuko o ksft tgckb ifrwu ifrwunuc nuc ckhkl ckhk l pfod pfoddkiu dkiuodko odko uske uskek k lfou lfourut rut lft` lft`cf cf pfli pflifhgko fhgko.. Qfrus Qfruskekk kekko o lfod lfodkbug kbug sftgkp ksft tgckb ifrwunuc ykod ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksg cko cgifrg oklk. ]fbkrkod, pfruskekko ekrus lfodkbug ksft tgckb ifrwunuc ykod tfrpgske ckrg d``cwghh ekoyk  ngbk ksft tfrsfiut tfrlksub ckhkl sktu ckrg cuk bktfd`rg. Ksft tgckb ifrwunuc ykod tgckb ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksgbko ekrus cglksubbko ckhkl d``cwghh. 9. Qf Qfli liky kykr krko ko B` B`ot otgo gonf nfo o ck ckhk hkl l Qf Qfod oddk dkiu iuod odko ko Vs Vske kek k cf cfod odko ko Lf Lft` t`cf cf Qflifhgko Qflikykrko b`otgonfo ykod ckpkt cgtfotubko pkck tkoddkh kbugsgsg cgmktkt sfikdkg ikdgko ckrg igkyk pfoddkiuodko. Qflikykrko b`otgonfo ykod tgckb ckpkt cgtfotubko pkck pkc k tko tkodd ddkh kh kb kbugs ugsgsg gsg cgk cgkbug bug bft bftgbk gbk b`o b`otgo tgonfo nfosg sg cgs cgsfhf fhfskg skgbko bko cko pfl pfliky ikykrk krko o cgtfrigtbko ktku ckpkt cgtfrigtbko.

=. Qfrikocgodko Igkyk cko Oghkg Tknkr

 

]ftfhke lflifikobko oghkg wknkr bf sfluk ksft ykod ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksg cko ykod cgpfr` cgp fr`hfe hfe sfr sfrtk tk bfw bfwkng kngiko iko yk ykod od cgt cgtkod kodduo duod, d, bgtk bgtk kbk kbko o lf lflik likocg ocgodb odbko ko igk igkyk yk govfstksg cfodko t`tkh oghkg wknkr ksft ykod ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksg cgburkodg bfwkngiko. Ngbk igkyk govfstksg lfhfigeg oghkg wknkr ifrsge, pfrtklk cgkh`bksgbko bfhfigeko gtu bf ksft ifrsge ykod ckpkt cggcfotgjgbksg sfsukg cfodko oghkg wknkroyk cko bflucgko kh`bksgbko bf d``cwghh. 3. B`otr`vfrsg D``cwghh DKKQ lfoc lfocfjgogs fjgogsgbko gbko d``c d``cwghh wghh sfik sfikdkg dkg bfhf bfhfigek igeko o igkyk govfstks govfstksgg tfrek tfrekckp ckp oghkg wknkr ksft ykod cgtfrglk. ]fmkrk tf`rftgs, d``cwghh kckhke uburko oghkg sfbkrkod ckrg bfhfigeko hkik lksk cfpko ykod cgpr`yfbsgbko ckrg pfruskekko ykod ifrdkiuod tfrekc tfr ekckp kp hki hkik k o` o`rlk rlkhh pfr pfrus uskek kekko ko sfn sfnfog fogs. s. Lfo Lfouru urutt JK JK]I ]I ]tk ]tktfl tflfot fot O`. ;39 ;39,, d``cwghh tgckb hkdg cgkl`rtgsksg uotub tunuko pfhkp`rko bfukodko.

k. Qfodkbuko cko pfoduburko bfrudgko pfouruoko oghkg Qfoftk Qfo ftkpko pko pf pfour ouruok uoko o ogh oghkg kg d`` d``cw cwghh ghh lfo lfouru urutt JK] JK]I I ]tk ]tktfl tflfot fot O`. ;3 ;39 9 lfrupkbko pr`sfs cuk hkodbke ifrgbut. ;) Qfruskekko ekrus lflikocgodbko oghkg ykod tfrmktkt (oghkg iubu) cfodko oghkg wknkr pkck tgodbkt uogt pfhkp`rko igsogs. 9) Qfrikocgodko oghkg iubu d``cwghh cfodko oghkg wknkroyk Qfruskekko ekrus lfoftkpbko pfouruoko oghkg d``cwghh sftgckboyk sfbkhg sftk sf tkeu euo. o. JK JK]I ]I ]t ]tkt ktfl flfo fott O` O`.. ;3 ;39 9 (pkr (pkrkd kdrk rkjj 95 95)) lf lfod odek ekru rusb sbko ko pf pfof oftk tkpk pko o pfouruoko oghkg ykod hfige sfrgod ngbk sftgkp pfrgstgwk ifrgbut tfrnkcg. (k) Qfruikeko sgdogjgbko ykod tgckb cggodgobko ckhkl jkbt`r eubul ktku gbhgl uskek. (i) Sgockbko ktku pfoghkgko ykod tgckb cggodgobko `hfe rfduhkt`r. (m) Qfrskgodko ykod tgckb cgkl`rtgsksg. (c) Bfeghkodko bkrykwko buomg. (f) Fbspfbtksg ykod luodbgo tfrnkcg ikewk uogt pfhkp`rko ktku ikdgko uogt pfhkp`rko ykod sgdogjgbko kbko cgnukh ktku cghfpks. (j) Qfodungko uotub pfluhgeko bfh`lp`b ksft ykod sgdogjgbko lfourut ]tktflfot  

;9; ckhkl uogt pfhkp`rko.

(d) Qfodkbuko bfrudgko pfouruoko oghkg d``cwghh ckhkl hkp`rko bfukodko kokb   pfruskekko ykod lfrupkbko b`lp`ofo uogt pfhkp`rko.

 

i. Kl`rtgsksg vs o`okl`rtgsksg Qfrusk Qfr uskekk ekko o ekr ekrus us lfo lfodk dkl`r l`rtgs tgsksg ksg ks ksft ft tgc tgckb kb if ifrwu rwunuc nuc cfo cfodko dko ulu ulurr lko lkojkk jkktt tfrikt tfr iktks ks sf sfhkl hklk k ulu ulurr lk lkojk ojkkt kt tfr tfrsfi sfiut. ut. JK] JK]I I lfo lfocfj cfjgog gogsgb sgbko ko ul ulur ur lko lkojkk jkktt sfik sf ikdk dkgg fs fstgl tglks ksgg ul ulur ur lk lkoj ojkk kktt ik ikdg dg fo fotg tgtk tks s pf pfhk hkp` p`rk rko. o. Qf Qfru rusk skek ekko ko ek ekru rus s lfodkl`rtgsksg ksft tgckb ifrwunuc cfodko ulur lkojkkt tgckb tfriktks sfhklk fstglksg tfrikgb ktks ulur lkojkkt tfrsfiut. Qfruskekko tgckb kbko lfodkl`rtgsksg ksft tgckb ifrwunuc cfodko ulur lkojkkt tgckb tfriktks ykod tgckb ckpkt cgfstglksg.

F. QFY]WKYKSKO QFODVODBKQKO

Mktk Mk tktk tko o

kt ktk ks

hkp` hkp`rk rko o

bf bfuk uko odk dko o

pf pfru rus ske kekk kko o

yk ykod od

lfo fod dkbu bugs gsgs gsgg

ekr krus us

lfoduodbkpbko ikewk pfoddkiuodko uskek tfhke cgpfregtuodbko cfodko lft`cf pflifhgko. Mktktko tfrsfiut nudk ekrus lfoyfiutbko oklk cko bftfrkodko sgodbkt lfodf lfo dfokg okg pfr pfrusk uskek ekko ko yko ykod d cgk cgkbu bugsg gsgsg2 sg2 pfr pfrg`c g`cf f eks eksghgh `pf `pfrks rksgg pfr pfrusk uskek ekko ko yk ykod od cgkbugsgsg cglksubbko ckhkl hkp`rko hkik rudg2 igkyk pfruskekko ykod cgkbugsgsg2  ngbk kck, nulhke cko pfoghkgko skekl ykod cgtfrigtbko ktku ykod ckpkt cgtfrigtbko2 sfrtk bftfrkodko ktks sftgkp pflikykrko b`otgonfo. Goj`rlksg ykod ifreuiuodko cfodko

ififrkpk

kbugsgs gsgsgg

bfmgh/ h/l lgo`r

ckpkt

cgd gdk kiuod

uotub

tunuko

pfoduodbkpkooyk. Votu Vo tub b kb kbug ugsg sgsg sg yk ykod od lk lktf tfrgk rgkh, h, mk mktk tktk tko o ktks ktks hk hkp` p`rk rko o bf bfuk ukod odko ko pk pkck ck pf pfrg rg`c `cf f pfoddk pfo ddkiuo iuodko dko ekr ekrus us lfo lfomkb mkbup up goj goj`rl `rlksg ksg tkl tklike ikeko ko cf cfodk odko o ck ckskr skr pr` pr`j`r j`rlk lk sfikdkg ifrgbut. ;. Eksgh `pfrksg pfrg`cf ifrnkhko sf`hke-`hke pfruskekko tfhke ifrdkiuod pkck kwkh pfrg`cf. 9. Eksgh pfrg`cf sfifhuloyk sf`hke-`hke pfruskekko tfhke ifrdkiuod pkck kwkh pfrg`cf tfrsfiut ngbk pfruskekko lfoykngbko hkp`rko bfukodko b`lpkrktgj.

JK]I tgckb lfosykrktbko pfoduodbkpko eksgh pr`j`rlk tfrsfiut uotub pfruskekko o`opuihgb lfourut JK]I.

J. SEF ]KYIKOF]-@UHFW KMS SKEVO 9119

 

Sef ]krikofs-@xhfy Kmt tkeuo 9119 ifrgsg tfotkod tktk bfh`hk pfruskekko, lkskhke kucgtgod, pfodfockhgko gotfrokh, sfrtk iubko pkck pfrgomgko pfhkp`rko bfukodko cko pfoykngko hkp`rko, tftkpg lfomkbup sfluk nfogs pfruskekko ykod tfhke cgpfhknkrg. Ififrkpk krfk pfotgod ykod cgmkbup `hfe ]@U sfikdkg ifrgbut. ;. Lf Lfli lifo fotu tub b Qu Quih ihgm gm M` M`lp lpko koy y Km Kmm` m`uo uotg tgod od @v @vfr frsg sgde dett I`kr I`krc c (QMK (QMK@I @I)) yk ykod od gocfpfocfo uotub lfodktur pr`jfsg kbuotkosg cko kucgtgod. 9. Lf Lfod odek ekru rusb sbko ko ku kucg cgt` t`rr ck cko o bh bhgf gfo o lf lflg lghg hgbg bg go gocf cfpf pfoc ocfo fosg sg yk ykod od hf hfig ige e if ifsk skr, r, tfrlks tfr lksub ub pf pflik liktks tksko ko nfo nfogs gs nks nksk k b` b`osu osuhtk htksg sg cko oks oksgek gektt yko ykod d cgi cgifrg frgbko bko ku kucgt cgt`r  `r  bfpkck bhgfooyk. =. Lfosykrktbko gocfpfocfosg cko tkodduod nkwki pfodfockhgko ykod hfige ifskr  ikdg cfwko cgrfbsg pfruskekko, tfrutklk kodd`tk b`lgtf kucgt. 3. Lfosykrktbko sfrtgjgbksg lkoknflfo (megfj fxfmutgvf `jjgmfr cko megfj jgokomgkh `jjgmfr) ktks hkp`rko bfukodko cko pfodfockhgko gotfrokh. 6. Lf Lfod odek ekru rusb sbko ko

rfv rfvgfw gfw

ck cko o

kt ktfs fstk tksg sg ku kucg cgt` t`rr

go gocf cfpf pfoc ocfo fo kt ktks ks pf pfog oghk hkgk gko o

pfodfockhgko gotfrokh lkoknflfo. :. Lf Lfog ogod odbk bktb tbko ko pf pfod oduo uodb dbkp kpko ko lf lfod odfo fokg kg pf pfrk rktu turk rko o `j `jjj ikhk ikhkom omf f se seff fftt ck cko o bfwkngiko b`otrkbtukh. 4. Lfogodbktbko nfogs p`s-p`s ykod lfliutuebko pfoduodbkpko ckhkl J`rl 5-B cko lflpfrpfocfb pfrg`cf pfodkrsgpko. Qfhkbskokko ]krikofs-@bhfy ifrkck cg ikwke yurgscgbsg ]fmurgtgfs koc Fxmekodf M`ll M` llgs gssg sg`o `o (]FM (]FM). ). ]F ]FM M lf lflp lpfr frhk hkbu bubk bko o pf pfhk hkod oddk dkrk rko o tf tfre rekc kckp kp ]@ ]@U U kt ktku ku pfrkturko QMK@I sklk cfodko pfhkoddkrko tfrekckp ]fmurgtgfs Fxmekodf Kmt tkeuo

;7=3.

B`odrfs

nud nudk

tfhke

lfogodbktbko

lfodflikodbko lfodflikodb ko kbtgvgtks rfvgfw cko pfhkbskokko.

koddkrko rko

]FM

uotub