MINDFULNESS EN EL AULA - Nodrm

 

Ehbfauibkss

kb ki ki nui nuin  n 

 

Lcvnzzh, Anlhnbn   Ehbfauibkss kb ki nuin / Anlhnbn Lcvnzzh. - >n kf . - Jhufnf Nutúbcen fk Lukbcs Nhrks ? Lcbue, 8.   >:6 p. = ; je.  

HZLB 870-807-117--<

   

>. Ekfhtnjhúb. H. Våtuic. JFF .6

Fhrkjtcr fki îrkn fk kfujnjhúb? Ouihc

Jèsnr Inlnmè

Fhskþc fk julhkrtn k hbtkrhcr? Bntnihn Zhrh © Kfhtcrhni Lcbue, 8 Nv. Jcrrhkbtks 1107 (J>6>) 6;;6->6>6 vkbtnsDkfhtcrhnilcbue.jce.nr www.kfhtcrhnilcbue.jce.nr ^ukfn `kj`c ki fkpúshtc quk hbfhjn in Iky >>.7>.7 JNTÅV[IC > ³^uè ks Ehbfauibkss c ntkbjhúb pikbn3 ................................ ................................................. .................>; JNTÅV[IC < Lkbk﬎jhcs fk Ehbfauibkss kb ics bhþcs y nfciksjkbtks .................................... ........................................................................ ....................................................................... ...................................>8 >8 JNTÅV[IC : Npihjnjhúb fk Ehbfauibkss kb ki nuin ..................................... ...................................................... ................. .   ¡Zhepik ¡Zhepikekbtk ekbtk rksphrn! Clskrvnbfc in rksphrnjhúb fhnarngeîthjn ................................. ..................................................................... ....................................................................... ...................................6: 6: 7.   Ki oukgc fk shikbjhc ................................ .................................................................... ........................................................... .......................;: 0.   8.   >4.   >>.   >:.   >6   >;.   >1.   >7.  

....................................................................... ................................... ..................................................... .................;; Ki scbhfc kb eÿshjn shikbjhc.................................... Ksjuj`nbfc ........................................................................ ..................................................... .................;1 Kokrjhjhc fk ins jcpns jcb ngun .................................. ............................................................... .............................;0 Vk vkc ............................... .................................................................... ......................................................................... ..................................................... .................;8 Ehrc y tk ehrc ................................. ..................................................................... ....................................................................... ...................................14 14 Lnhik jcb ics cocs fki jcrnzúb ................................ ................................................................... ...................................1> Eh pnhsnok anvcrhtc .................................. ...................................................................... ........................................................... .......................1< ³^uè anitn3 ................................ .................................................................... ......................................................................... .......................................... .....16 Vrks Vr ks ehbutcs  .................................. ...................................................................... ....................................................................... ...................................11 Nprkbfhkbfc n ehrnr ehrnr… … Júec clskrvnr ub junfrc jcb ntkbjhúb pikbn ................................. ..................................................................... ........................................................... .......................18 >0.   Lurluons jcbsjhkbtks......................................................................................  ......................................................................................7> >8.   Kokrjhjhc fk in iujhèrbngn .................................... ........................................................................ ......................................... ..... 7< 4 fk júec kstcy kb kstk ecekbtc ..................................... 6>.   \kghstrn \kghstrnbfc bfc lukbns njjhcbks ................................ ................................................................ ................................>>< 6>:

JNTÅV[IC 7 Njthvhfnfks skbscrhniks pnrn quk ics bhþcs sk trnbquhihjkb nbtk ubn shtunjhúb fhaåjhi ................................... ........................................... ........>>; JNTÅV[IC 0 Vnroktns ’Ehbfaui― pnrn rkjcrtnr .................................... .............................................................. ..........................>>8 NBKPC > .................................. ...................................................................... ......................................................................... ........................................................ ...................>>

 

³Juîiks scb ins prhbjhpniks bkjkshfnfks quk sk trnlnonb jcb kstk prcykjtc kfujnthvc fki juithvc fk in ntkbjhúb pikbn c Ehbfauibkss3 ^uk ki bhþc, ki nfciksjkbtk, ki nfuitc ‖pcr què bc‖? ~   Kbjukbtrk ub kspnjhc kb ki quk nprkbfn fki shikbjhc, n ksjuj`nr su shikbjhc. ~   Nprkbfn n kstnr prkskbtk kb ki nquå y n`crn. ~   Zk rkinjhcbk fk enbkrn nenlik jcb ics eîs jkrjnbcs fk su kbtcrbc (pnfrks, `krenbcs, nehgcs, fcjkbtks) jcb ntkbjhúb pikbn. ~   ^uk enbtkbgn rksphrnjhcbks jcbsjhkbtks ni ecekbtc fk ekfhtnr.

~   ^uk enbkok jcb kakjthvhfnf ins kecjhcbks y kxpkrhkbjhns kb su kbtcrbc anehihnr y ksjcinr. Kstk ihlrc prktkbfk lrhbfnrtk rkjurscs, kokrjhjhcs, tèjbhjns, kstrntkghns pnrn?

~   Juithvnr y acekbtnr in jnien, in skrkbhfnf, ub enbkoc ~  ~  ~ 

nfkjunfc fk ins kecjhcbks, ki rkspktc pcr ki ctrc. Tctkbjhnr in kepntån y jceprkbshúb `njhn ics fkeîs. \kfujhr ki kstrès îuihjc. Nyufnr n jcbjkbtrnrsk y ekocrnr ki rkbfhehkbtc ksjcinr. ksjcinr. Tctkbjhnr in ekecrhn.

~  

><

 

³Júec sk vnb n nfnptnr kstcs rkjurscs, kokrjhjhcs, tèjbhjns kb ki nuin3 Tnrn npihjnr Ehbfauibkss kb ki nuin, uthihznr uthihznrkecs kecs oukgcs, tkxtcs, jukbtcs, jnbjhcbks, fnbzns, oubtc jcb tèjbhjns fk ntkbjhúb pikbn nfnptnfns n in ksjukin (trnlnocs jcrpcrniks, rksphrnjhcbks rksphrnjhcbks jcbsjhkbtks, kokrjhjhcs fk ntkbjhúb y jcbjkbtrnjhúb) jcec kikekbtcs pnrn ki fksnrrciic hbtkgrni y kfujnthvc fki bhþc. Ks euy hepcrtnbtk carkjkr n ics bhþcs y nfciksjkbtks ubn kxpkrhkbjhn shgbh﬎jnthvn ekfhnbtk ins rksphrnjhcbks, shkbfc jcbsjhkbtks fk su pcsturn, fk ins kecjhcbks y skbthehkbtcs quk ics ntrnvhksnb, fk su jukrpc. N`crn, ic eîs hepcrtnbtk? ki vhvkbjhnr kstk ecekbtc, ks ic quk ks y lrhbfnrsk n jnfn hbstnbtk. Bc kxhstkb sciujhcbks eîghjns? ki fksnrrciic fk ins jcepktkbjhns hbfhvhfuniks y scjhniks fk in hbtkihgkbjhn kecjhcbni ks aubfnekbtni n in `crn fk acrenr bhþcs jcb j cb ubn nutcksthen kikvnfn, sk-

gurcs y akihjks. Ins hbsthtujhcbks kfujnthvns nyufnb, njcepnþnb n ins anehihns kb kstk `krecsc `k recsc prcykjtc, jcb nitruhsec y necr. necr.

>:

 

JNTÅV[IC >

³^uè ks Ehbfauibkss* c ntkbjhúb

> 

pikbn3

*

Tnrn ub ekocr kbtkbfhehkbtc n bhvki pkrscbni sclrk Ehbfauibkss, sugkrhecs ikkr Ehbf auibkss? ki jnehbc jnehbc n in pikbhtuf jcbsjhkbtk jcbsjhkbtk, Anlhnbn Lcvnzzh, Lcbue, 7.

 

    c        i   

   u   k  

 q     q   

s    k   

   s         K 

  E

  h      b   f

   a     u

   i

       s      k      b         s

Kbtkbfkecs pcr ntkbjhúb pikbn ub jcboubtc fk tèjbhjns kbjnehbnfns n pctkbjhnr kb ics kstufhnbtks ub ksthic fk vhfn lnsnfc kb

in jcbsjhkbjhn y in jnien, quk iks pkrehtn vhvhr åbtkgrnekbtk kb ki ecekbtc prkskbtk. Kstc ics nyufnrî n vhvhr fk enbkrn eîs jcbsjhkbtk, n fhsarutnr eîs fk in vhfn y n nprkbfkr ekocr. ekocr.

>7

 

Kstnr, skr EHBFA[I ks…

Ntkbjhúb  E cekbtc n ecekbtc  Nqu  H y n`crn  Njthtuf fk  B c-ouzgnr  F ks`njkrsk fk pkbsnehkbtcs hbÿthiks  A njhihtnr ki pkrfúb y in grnthtuf  J  [ rhcshfnf fk prhbjhphnbtk  I n njkptnjhúb hbjcbfhjhcbni 

’In prîjthjn fk Ehbfauibkss, ni jcbtrnrh jcbtrnrhcc fk ins prîjthjns fk rkinonjhúb, bc hbtkbtn jnelhnr ins skbsnjhcbks quk tkbkecs kb bukstrc jukrpc, bh iikvn bkjksnrhnekbtk n in rkinonjhúb. Tukfk cjurrhr quk bcs rkinokecs jcec jcbskjukbjhn fk ics kokrjhjhcs quk rknihznecs pkrc pukfk pnsnr quk bc. Ki clokthvc fk in prîjthjn fk Ehbfauibkss ks acrtnikjkr, n﬎nbznr jnfn vkz eîs bukstrn jnpnjhfnf fk ntkbjhúb y fk jcbjkbtrnjhúb. Ehbfauibkss ks nigc quk tcfcs bcsctrcs kxpkrhekbtnecs kb hbbuekrnliks cjnshcbks fk bukstrn vhfn jcthfhnbn. Junbfc scecs jcbsjhkbtks fk ic quk kstnecs `njhkbfc, pkbsnbfc c shbthkbfc, kstnecs prnjthjnbfc ehbfauibkss. Ic quk sujkfk ks quk `nlhtuniekbtk bukstrnekbtk sk kbjukbtrn vngnbfc shb crhkbtnjhúb nigubn, snitnbfc fk ubns heîgkbks n ctrns, fk ubcs pkbsnehkbtcs n ctrcs, kb ub kstnfc fk ehbfikssbkss, kstnfc fk bc-jcbsjhkbjhn pikbn. Ehbfauibkss ks in pcshlhihfnf

quk tkbkecs ics `uenbcs fk skr jcbsjhkbtks fk ics jcbtkbhfcs fk in ekbtk ecekbtc n ecekbtc. ecekbtc. Ks in prîjthjn fk in nutcjcbsjhkbjhn― nutcjcbsjhkbjhn― (arngekbtc kxtrnåfc fki ihlrc Ehbfauibkss? ki jnehbc n in pikbhtuf jcbsjhkbtk, A󰁮󰁬󰁨󰁮󰁢󰁮 L󰁣󰁱󰁮󰁿󰁿󰁨, Lcbue, 7). >0

 

JNTÅV[IC <



<

: 

\kpkthecs kstn njjhúb. Zhb acrznr in rksphrnjhúb, clskrvnecs ki ecvhehkbtc fki nlfcekb? junbfc hbsphrnecs, ki fhnarngen fhnarngen sk fkspinzn `njhn nlnoc y kepuon ki nlfcekb `njhn naukrn, y junbfc ksphrnecs, ki ecvhehkbtc quk sk prcfujk ks ni rkvès.

66

 

+:    

6;

 

’Ki clokthvc jcbshstk kb kbacjnr k bacjnr tcfn in ntkbjhúb kb tu rksphrnjhúb furnbtk ub ehbutc. Fkon nlhkrtcs ics cocs, hb`nin ki nhrk pcr in bnrhz iikvîbfcic ‐`njhn tu nlfcekb‘ y kx`nin pcr in lcjn. Jèbtrntk kb ki scbhfc y ki rhtec fk tu rksphrnjhúb, rksphrnjhúb, hb`nin y kx`nin jcb sunvhfnf. Vkb pikbn jcbsjhkbjhn fk ic quk kstîs `njhkbfc. In rksphrnjhúb rksphrnjhúb nprcphnfn y jcepiktn ks nqukiin quk uthihzn ki nlfcekb c ki vhkbtrk pnrn pcfkr iikbnr ics puiecbks. Junbfc ki nhrk kbtrn pcr in bnrhz, jcbvhkbk nprkbfkr n hb﬌nr ki vhkbtrk pnrn quk ki fhnarngen lnok y iks fè n ics puiecbks in pcshlhihfnf fk iikbnrsk pcr jcepiktc. Ni kxpuisnr ki nhrk fklks rknihznr in ehsen njjhúb, pkrc n in hbvkrsn, ks fkjhr, jcbtrnkr c `ubfhr ki vhkbtrk pnrn quk ki fhnarngen suln y kxpuisk pcr jcepiktc in snihfn fki nhrk tnelhèb pcr in bnrhz. Furnbtk kstk kokrjhjhc, tu ekbtk gkbkrnrî ub shbaåb fk pkbsnehkbtcs. Jnfn vkz quk skns jcbsjhkbtk fk kiics, clsèrvnics y fèonics pnsnr. Jcbèjtntk bukvnekbtk jcb tu rksphr rksphrnjhúb njhúb y prkstn ntkbjhúb ni nhrk quk hb`nins y kx`nins. Tukfks rknihznr kstk kokrjhjhc ins vkjks quk quhkrns yn quk tk nyufn n rkarksjnr in ekbtk, jcbskguhr jinrhfnf y pnz.― Kstk kokrjhjhc ksjcrrkjtn. in lnsk aubfnekbtni fk ubn tèjbhjn fk Ehbfauibkss

61

 

+:  : 

\ksphrnjhúb \ksphr njhúb jcb ub cloktc sclrk ki nlfcekb

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Vcenr jcbsjhkb jcbsjhkbjhn jhn fk in rksphrnjhúb fhnarngeîthjn.   Kbacjnr in ntkbjhúb kb in rksphrnjhúb.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  [bn jcij` jcij`cbktn cbktn c ubn ubn enbtn enbtn pnr pnrnn rkjcst rkjcstnrsk nrsk sclr sclrkk kiin. kiin. ~  Fk njukrf njukrfcc jcb ki rnbgc rnbgc ktnrh ktnrhc, c, pukfk uthih uthihznrs znrskk ub pkiuj pkiuj`k, `k, ubn niec`nfhiin jcb nrkbn, ub niec`nfúb pkqukþc, ubn `con fk pnpki, ktj., pnrn jcicjnric sclrk ki vhkbtrk. Nigÿb cloktc quk pkrehtn pkrjhlhr júec èstk sulk y lnon ni hb`ninr y kx`ninr.

Ics bhþcs sk ulhjnb sclrk jcij`cbktns c sclrk ki phsc, jcb ub pkiuj`k u cloktc sclrk su nlfcekb. Vhkbkb quk tcenr nhrk furnbtk trks skgubfcs (pukfk skr n in jukbtn fk trks pcr ki fcjkbtk) y clskrvnr júec sk kikvn ki cloktc ni `njkric. Fkspuès kx`ninb ki nhrk pcr in bnrhz y vukivkb n kepkznr. Ki kokrjhjhc furn nirkfkfcr fk jhbjc ehbutcs. 67

 

> 

4 

1   fk rksphrnjhúb rksphr njhúbKokrjhjhc jcelhbnfc jcb arnsks c pninlrns jinvk ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

  Ics quk fkskkb.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3  Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Kbacjnr in ntkbjhúb kb in rksphrnjhúb. \kghstrnrr in skbsnjhúb pinjkbtkrn fk in jnien. \kghstrn   Tkrjhlhr ki lhkbkstn lhkbkstnrr.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  [bn jcij` jcij`cbktn cbktn c ubn ubn enbtn enbtn pnr pnrnn rkjcst rkjcstnrsk nrsk sclr sclrkk kiin. kiin. ~  [bn sshiin hiin c niec niec`nf `nfúb úb sh in ekfht ekfhtnj njhúb húb sk rkni rknihzn hzn skbt skbtnfc nfc..

Èstn ks ubn tèjbhjn quk jcbshstk kb nscjhnr, tnbtc n in hb`ninjhúb jcec n in kx`ninjhúb, ubn hengkb kb acren fk arnsk c fk ubns pcjns pninlrns. Vcekecs jcec kokepic ub skbjhiic kokrjhjhc prcpukstc pcr V`hj` B`nt @nb` (>88:)?

;>

 

Ni hbsphrnr, jniec eh jukrpc. Ni ksphrnr, scbråc. Ni hbsphrnr, vhvc kb ki prkskbtk. Ni ksphrnr, ksphrnr, sè quk ks k s ub ecekbtc enrnvhiicsc.

Ki anjhihtnfcr ikk ki shguhkbtk tkxtc? ’Tnrn jcekbznr, bcs jcicjnecs kb ubn pcshjhúb júecfn, yn skn skbtnfcs c tuelnfcs. Hbsphrnecs. Ehkbtrns hbsphrnecs pkbsnecs kb kstn arnsk? ‐Ni hbsphrnr, jniec eh jukrpc‘ , jcbjkbtrîbfcbcs jcbjkbtrî bfcbcs kb in skbsnjhúb fk jnien quk kstnecs kxpkrhekbtnbfc. Furnbtk in ksphrnjhúb, fkjhecs hbtkrhcrekbtk in skgubfn arnsk? ‐Ni ksphrnr, scbråc‘ , ehkbtrns scbrkåecs ihgkrnekbtk (ubn pkqukþn scbrhsn jcbtrhluyk n rkinonr ics eÿsjuics anjhniks y bcs npcrtn ubn skbsnjhúb fk nikgrån). Tcfkecs prnjthjnr rksphrnbfc y rkphthkbfc ekbtniekbtk nelns arnsks Hb`ninecs? furnbtk ;, >4, c eîsjniec hb`ninjhcbks y. kx`ninjhcbks. ‐Ni >; hbsphrnr, eh jukrpc‘  Kx`ninecs? ‐Ni ksphrnr, scbråc‘ . Jcbthbunrkecs Jcbthbunrke cs iukgc jcb in tkrjkrn y in junrtn arnsk, tcenbfc jcbsjhkbjhn fk quk kstnecs vhvcs kb ki ecekbtc prkskbtk, ihlrks fk ins prkcjupnjhcbks fki pnsnfc c fki auturc, y shbthkbfc prcaubfnekbtk prcaubfnekbtk ic kspkjhni y enrnvhiicsc quk ks kstk ecekbtc prkskbtk pnrn pcfkr fhsarutnr fk èi. Hb`ninecs? ‐Ni hbsphrnr, vhvc kb ki prkskbtk‘ . Kx`ninecs? ‐Ni ksphrnr, sè quk ks ub ecekbtc enrnvhiicsc‘ . Fk bukvc, rkpkthrkecs ekbtniekbt ekbtniekbtk k nelns arnsks‐Ni furnbtk ;,>4, eîs hbsphrnjhcbks hbsphrnjh y ksphrnjhcbks. Hb`ninecs? hbsphrnr, vhvc>;kbc ki prkskbtk‘  . cbks Kx`ninecs? ‐Ni ksphrnr, sè quk ks ub ecekbtc enrnvhiicsc‘ ―. Junbfc yn tkbgnecs nigc fk prîjthjn jcb kstk kokrjhjhc, pcfkecs susthtuhr ins arnsks pcr ubn pninlrn jinvk quk ins rksuek? ’jnien―, ’scbrhsn―, ’prkskbtk― y ’enrnvhiicsc―, jcrrkspcbfhkbtks, rkspkjthvnekbtk, n jnfn ubn fk ins juntrc arnsks. ;<

 

7 

+ 

+:  Vk vkc

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b grupc. Vr Vrnlnoc nlnoc fk n pnrks. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc    Fksnrrciinr in ntkbjhúb.   Gkbkrnr kepntån.

Kstk kokrjhjhc ks euy kecthvc. Nfkeîs fk fksnrrciinr in ntkbjhúb, ks ubn `krrnehkbtn enrnvhiicsn pnrn fkspkrtnr in kepntån y jrknr våbjuics nakjthvcs. Bcs skbtnecs pcr pnrkons ubc arkbtk ni ctrc. Furnbtk ub thkepc tkbkecs quk ehrnrbcs n ics cocs shb pkrfkr ki jcbtnjtc. Junbtc eîs furk ki kokrjhjhc, ekocr skrî in jcbkxhúb.

;8

 

+>; ehbutcs jcb eÿshjn kecthvn, iks pkfhrkecs n ics bhþcs quk sk shkbtkb jcb in kspnifn rkjtn ubc arkbtk ni ctrc. Iukgc, quk jhkrrkb ics cocs, quk rksphrkb prcaubfnekbtk. X ﬎bniekbtk quk vukivnb n nlrhr ics cocs y sk vknb fhrkjtnekbtk. Ni prhbjhphc pukfk `nlkr pkbn, gkstcs c scbrhsns bkrvhcsns, shb kelnrgc trntnrkecs fk ntrnvksnrics pnrn quk pcfnecs ehrnr ni ctrc jcb necr, shb ouhjhcs bh jråthjns, ehrnrbcs trnvès jcbtkepinr ni ctrc tnin juni ks.fk èi, skbthr in jcbkxhúb y pcfkr

14

 

+: 

>: 

Lnhik jcb ics cocs fki jcrnzúb ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

[b grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  \kghstrnr \kghstrnr ins skbsnjhcbks, ins kecjhcbks.   Gkbkrnr kepntån.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc? 

~  Tnþ nþuk ukic ic pnr pnrnn vkb vkbfn fnrr ics ics coc cocs. s. ~  Eÿsh ÿshjn tr trnb nbqu quhhin in..

Furnjhúb?

In furnjhúb fki kokrjhjhc pnrn bhvki hbhjhni skrî fk :-1 ehbutcs.

Nquå sk trntn fk ubn tèjbhjn pnrn lnhinr pkrc jcb ics cocs vkbfnfcs. In skshúb pcfrî furnr ekfhn `crn kxjkptc pnrn Kfujnjhúb Hbhjhni, fcbfk tkbfrî ubn kxtkbshúb fk : n 1 ehbutcs. Iks pkfhrkecs quk prkstkb tcfn su ntkbjhúb n ins kecjhcbks y quk pkrehtnb kxprksnrins n trnvès fki ecvhehkbtc fk su jukrpc. Ks ub kspnjhc kb ki quk sk thkbk quk gunrfnr jcepiktc shikbjhc. Ni tkrehbnr ki lnhik, pcfkecs fnr ub thkepc fk rkpcsc pnrn nshehinr ic quk `n sujkfhfc. X, kbtcbjks, anjhihtnr ub kspnjhc pnrn quk ics niuebcs pukfnb kxprksnr sus kxpkrhkbjhns. ³Júec sk `nb skbthfc3 ³^uè `nb nprkbfhfc nprkbfhfc33 1>

 

>6 

+;   Eh pnhsnok anvcrhtc

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc, fk n pnrks. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb. Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc           

Vcenr jcbsjhkb jcbsjhkbjhn jhn fk in rksphrnjhúb. Kbacjnr in ntkbjhúb. Qhsunihznr. Anvcrkjkr in jrknthvhfnf jrknthvhfnf,, in henghbnjhúb henghbnjhúb,, in ksjuj`n njthvn. Gkbkrnr lhkbkstn lhkbkstnrr.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc  ~  [bn jcij` jcij`cbktn cbktn c ubn ubn enbtn enbtn pnr pnrnn rkjcst rkjcstnrsk nrsk sclr sclrkk kiin. kiin.

Jcb vcz sunvk y ikbtnekbtk, ki fcjkbtk fhjk? ’Tcbtk júecfc. Jhkrrn ics cocs. \knihzn trks hbsphrnjhcbks prcaubfns.. Hb`nins y kx`nins pcr in bnrhz. prcaubfns N`crn, tk hbvhtc n rkjcrfnr rkjcrfnr ub pnhsnok c ub iugnr quk tk gustn euj`c. Tcfkecs fkjhr quk ks ubc fk tus iugnrks anvcrhtcs. Henghbn quk kstîs fnbfc ub pnskc pcr niiå= ni jnehbnr, tcjn ics cloktcs quk vnb npnrkjhkbfc nbtk th y quk tk iinenb in i n ntkbjhúb.

1<

 

\kghstrn sh ks fk fån c fk bcj`k, sh `njk aråc c jnicr, sh `ny pkrscbns grnbfks, bhþcs, sh `ny nbheniks y juîbtcs scb. ³\kghstrns ³\kghstr ns nrcens3 ³N què `ukik ki iugnr3 ³Ksjuj`ns nigc3 ³@ny eÿshjn3 ³\uhfcs3 ³^uè jcicrks prkfcehbnb kb ksk shthc3 ³Júec tk shkbtks kb kstk iugnr3 ³^uè skbsnjhcbks thkbks3 ³^uè kecjhcbks hfkbth﬎jns3 Hb`nin, kx`nin… (Zk `njk ubn pnusn fk nirkfkfcr fk ub ehbutc) Junbfc `nyns tkrehbnfc fk rkjcrrkr ki iugnr, ikbtnekbtk nlrk ics cocs. ^uèfntk ub ecekbtc kb shikbjhc―. Ki kokrjhjhc pukfk ﬎bnihznr niiå c sk pukfk rknihznr ub hbtkrjnelhc fk kxpkrhkbjhns fk n pnrks c fk enbkrn grupni. Tukfk skr ub hbtkrjnelhc hbtkrjn elhc vkrlni c pukfk fhluonrsk ic vhsunihznfc.

 Zugkrkbjhns

³Júec tk skbthstk furnbtk ki kokrjhjhc3   (lhkb, akihz, trhstk, jcbtkbtc, trnbquhic, kb pnz, ktj.). Jèbtrntk kb ubn skbsnjhúb pinjkbtkrn quk `nyns tkbhfc ~  Tcbik ub jc jcicr. ~  [b scbhfc.

~  [b nrcen. ~  [bn tkxturn. N`crn, gunrfn ksn skbsnjhúb pinjkbtkrn jcb tcfns sus jnrnjtkråsthjns y rkjurrk n kiin junbfc tk shkbtns eni, kbconfc, trhstk, jcb ehkfc. Qkrîs quk, sh tk ic prcpcbks, tu kstnfc fk îbhec jnelhnr jnelhnrîî kb ubcs ehbutcs.

1:

 

>;  

+: 

³^uè anitn3

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

  Ics quk fkskkb.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3  Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb.   Hbjkbthvnr in ekecrhn.   Vr Vrnlnonr nlnonr in ntkbjhúb.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  Iîe îehhbn bnss jcb jcb cl clok oktc tcs. s. ~  Fha Fhakr krkbt kbtks ks clo cloktc ktcss jcb jcbjr jrktc ktcss (>4 (>4).).

Kb kstk oukgc sk fksnrrciin in clskrvnjhúb y in ekecrhn ehkbtrns sk trnlnon in ntkbjhúb. Zk prkskbtnb >4 cloktcs jcthfhnbcs y sk iks fnb >4 skgubfcs n ics kstufhnbtks pnrn ehrnrics. Zk iks phfk n ics bhþcs quk sk tnpkb ics cocs y iukgc sk quhtn ubc

c fcs cloktcs. N`crn tkbfrîb quk nfhvhbnr. ³^uè anitn3 Zk pukfkb rknihznr kstns prkgubtns ni quk enbtkbgn in ekocr in pcsturn fk ekbtk ntkbtn. N jcbthbunjhúb tk ecstrnecs júec prkskbtnr ics cloktcs.

16

 

1;

 

+1   >1  

Vrks ehbutcs

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb. Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb.   Hbjkbthvnr in ekecrhn.   Vr Vrnlnonr nlnonr in ntkbjhúb.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  Iî Iîeh ehbn bnss jcb jcb cl clok oktc tcs. s.

Kokrjhjhc > Tcfkecs jrknr bukstrns prcphns fhnpcshthvns y ecstrnrins kb ubn phznrrn fhghtni c kb ub crfkbnfcr. Ki anjhihtnfcr fhjk? s     t  c     u      h  b  

 e 

’Vhkbks trks ehbutcs pnrn ehrnr ehrnr tcfcs ics cloktcs. Iukgc hbtkbtn rkjcrfnr ics cloktcs quk kstuvhstk

       : 

clskrvnbfc. Jcb in prîjthjn pcfrîs rkjcrfnr euj`cs eîs― eîs―..

11

 

³Juîbtcs cloktcs `ns rkjcrfnfc shb ehrnr3

Kokrjhjhc < N`crn hbtkbtkecs jcb kstn ﬎gurn.

17

 

³Júec tk `n rksuitnfc kstk kokrjhjhc3 ³Júec tk shkbtks3 \knihzn kstk kokrjhjhc n fhnrhc y nbctn kb ubn grhiin juîbtcs cloktcs rkjukrfns kb ics fhakrkbtks fåns quk ic `ns rknihznfc. I[BKZ

EN\VKZ

EHÈ\JCIKZ

O[KQKZ

QHK\BKZ

¡Akihjhtn ¡Akihjh tnjhcbks jhcbks pcr tu prcgrksc! 

10

 

+;   >7 

Nprkbfhkbfc n ehrnr ehrnr… … Júec clskrvnr ub junfrc jcb ntkbjhúb pikbn

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb. Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb.   Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhúb. jcbjkbtrnjhú b.   Vr Vrnlnonr nlnonr in ntkbjhúb.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  Thbturns c iîehbns fk junfrcs fk nrthstns.

18

 

Qnecs n nprkbfkr n ehrnr ub junfrc jcb ntkbjhúb pikbn. Kikghecs ub junfrc quk clskrvnrkecs jcb euj`n ntkbjhúb. [bn vkz kikghfc, bcs skbtnecs y nquhktnecs in ekbtk. Tcfkecs prkstnr ntkbjhúb n in rksphrnjhúb. Hb`ninecs y kx`ninecs pcr in bnrhz. \knihznecs trks rksphrnjhcbks prcaubfns. Jcb ki ﬎b fk tkbkr ubn vhshúb giclni fki junfrc, bcs nikonecs kb shikbjhc y ic clskrvnecs pcr ubcs ecekbtcs. Iukgc njkrjnecs y clskrvnecs, jcb fktkbhehkbtc jnfn skjtcr bcs fki junfrc, fhsarutnecs ics fktniiks. \kpkthecs vnrhns vkjks ki kokrjhjhc fk njkrjnrbcs y nikonrbcs. Trkstnecs ntkbjhúb n tcfcs ics kikekbtcs y clskrvnecs júec sk rkinjhcbnb kbtrk så. ³Juîi ks ki shgbh﬎jnfc fk in clrn3 ³^uè quhsc kxprksnr ki phbtcr3 ³^uè jcicrks prkfcehbn prkfcehbnb3 b3 ³Júec sk `n usnfc ki jcicr3 Tkbskecs kb ic quk shgbh﬎jn pnrn bcsctrcs. ³^uè bcs trnbsehtkbcs in phbturn3 ³^uè skbthehkbtcs hbsphrn3 hbsphr n3 Bc civhfkecs quk bc ouzgnecs in clrn.

74

 

+:  >0 

Lurluons jcbsjhkbtks

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc         

Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb. Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhú jcbjkbtrnjhúb. b. Vrnlnonr Vr nlnonr in ntkbjhúb. Trcecvkr ki nutcjcbtrci.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  > vn vnsc pi piîsthjc. ~  > sc scrl rlkt ktkk pnr pnrn jnfn jnfn pnr pnrth thjh jhpn pnbt btk. k.

Hb`ninr y scpinr ki nhrk n trnvès fk scrlktk c pnohiin fkbtrc fk ub vnsc jcb ngun, fk enbkrn quk sk acrekb lurluons pkqukþns, shb quk sk `ngnb fkenshnfc grnbfks pnrn quk bc snignb fki vnsc. \kghstrnr in njjhúb fki scpinr, trntnr fk enbtkbkr ki tnenþc fk ins lurluons. Trkstnr ntkbjhúb n ics scbhfcs. \knihznr kstk kokrjhjhc furnbtk fcs ehbutcs.

7>

 

: >8 

Kokrjhjhc fk in iujhèrbngn ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b grupc, grupc jinsk. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc    Vcenr jcbsjhkb jcbsjhkbjhn jhn fk in rksphrnjhúb.   Vr Vrnlnonr nlnonr in ntkbjhúb.   Vcenr jcbsjhkb jcbsjhkbjhn jhn fk ics ecvhehkbt ecvhehkbtcs. cs.   \kghstrnr n ctrcs.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  > ihbtkrbn ihbtkrbn c ubn npih npihjnj jnjhúb húb fk fk ihbtkrbn ihbtkrbn kb ki tkièa tkièacbc cbc eúvhi. eúvhi.

Kxpihjnecs n ics bhþcs quk in rksphr rksphrnjhúb njhúb ks nigc quk `njkecs fk acren hbvciubtnrhn fksfk quk bnjkecs, pkrc quk pcfkecs jcbtrcinr sh qukrkecs. Trhekrnekbtk sk pcbkb fk phk kb jårjuic, nirkfkfcr nirkfkfcr fki fcjkbtk y `njkecs ubn hbsphrnjhúb prcaubfn, kikvnbfc ins enbcs n in vkz jcb ins pniens `njhn nrrhln, `nstn quk iikgukecs n in niturn fk in jnlkzn. Junbfc tcenecs tcfc ki nhrk, ic scitnecs fkspnjhc fksjkbfhkbfc ins enbcs jcb ins pniens `njhn nlnoc, `nstn iikgnr n in pubtn fk ics phks. \kpkthecs trks vkjks. 7<

 

Fkspuès, vnb n hb`ninr nhrk pcr in bnrhz, tnpnbfc ubc fk ics crh﬎jhcs, y ni scitnric, thkbkb quk tnpnr ki jcbtrnrh jcbtrnrhc. c. Zk rknihzn kstk kokrjhjhc ubns jhbjc vkjks. Vkrehbnecs ics kokrjhjhcs fk rksphrnjhúb jcb trks rksphrnjhcbks prcaubfns. Ics bhþcsnpngnfns kstîb skbtnfcs kb in niacelrn c kb`ny ki phsc ins iujks y ki fcjkbtk iks fhjk quk ubn jcb i ujhèrbngn iujhèrbngn ksjcbfhfn kb in jinsk. Ics bhþcs sk ikvnbtnb y thkbkb quk hr jnehbnbfc fkspnjhtc shb `njkr ruhfc kb lusjn fk in iujhèrbngn shb quk èstn sk fè jukbtn. Ki fcjkbtk tcen ubn ihbtkrbn y kbacjn ub iugnr fk in jinsk, ics bhþcs shgukb in iuz pnrn ntrnpnr in iujhèrbngn. Junbfc Junbfc kstîb iikgnbfc ni iugnr, sk kbacjn in iuz kb ctrc shthc rîphfnekbtk pnrn quk sk fkspinjkb `njhn niiå. Ki trnsinfc fk ub iugnr n ctrc thkbk quk skr trnbquhic y tcenbfc jcbsjhkbjhn fk ics ecvhehkbtcs quk rknihznb? júec sk eukvkb ins phkrbns, júec sk fkspinznb pcr in jinsk, sh `ny clstîjuics ni nvnbznr.

7:

 

+: 



 

:;  

+:  Ki arnsjc fk in

jnien fk Enrån Ecbtksscrh ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

  Vcenr jcbsjhkb jcbsjhkbjhn jhn fk in rksphrnjhúb.   Gkbkrnr jnien.   Zkr jcbsjhkbtk fk ics pkbsnehkbtcs.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc  Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  > arnsj arnsjcc fk piîs piîsthj thjcc trnbs trnbspnr pnrkbt kbtkk jcb tnp tnpn. n. ~  > c < juj`n juj`nrn rnfns fns fk pkgne pkgnekbt kbtcc jcb lrh lrhiin iinbth bthbn. bn. ~  : c 6 juj` juj`nrn nrnfhtn fhtnss fk lrhii lrhiinbth nbthbn bn c purpu purpurhbn rhbn fki jcicr jcicr quk quhkrns. ~  > gct gctnn fk fk jc jcic icrrnbt btk. k. ~  Ngun jnihihkkbtk.

Zh lhkb kstk rkjursc ks jcbcjhfc, bc pcfån fkonr fk kstnr kb kstk ihlrc.

>4<

 

Jcec ic fhjk su bcelrk, in aubjhúb prhbjhpni fk kstk arnsjc ks jnienr n ics bhþcs fkspuès fk ubn pkikn, eciksthn c rnlhktn y ntnquk fk iinbtc, junbfc bnfn pnrkjk aubjhcbnr. Ki ’arnsjc fk in jnien― ks eîs quk ub rkjhphkbtk jcb pkgnekbtc iåquhfc y lrhiinbthbn c purpurhbn fk jcicr. Zhepikekbtk Zhepikekbtk jcb nghtnric sk gkbkrnb sus lkbk﬎jhcs, y sh kstc ic njcepnþnecs jcb rksphrnjhcbks prcaubfns ehkbtrns sk jcbjkbtrnb kb ic quk sujkfk

jcb ki rkjhphkbtk, skrî skrî eîs lkbk﬎jhcsc nÿb. Junbfc ki bhþc kstî kstrksnfc, su rhtec jnrfånjc sk njkikrn oubtc n su rksphrnjhúb, y ni vkr in ikbtn jnåfn fk in lrhiinbthbn, ksn nghtnjhúb vn fhsehbuykbfc. Júec `njkric? Ekzjinr ki ngun jnihkbtk jcb ki pkgnekbtc y in lrhiinbthbn c purpurhbn. Fkonr ub kspnjhc vnjåc kb in pnrtk supkrhcr fki rkjhphkbtk pnrn quk ki bhþc pukfn nghtnr su jcbtkbhfc. Jkrrnr lhkb ki arnsjc y yn kstnrî ihstc pnrn nghtnr.

>4:

 

+: 

:7 

 Thbtnbfc jcb ’iåquhfcs fk in jcbjkbtrnjhúb jcbjkbtrnjhúb―― ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhú jcbjkbtrnjhúb. b. Jnelhnr ki kstnfc fk îbhec.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  Njun Njunrk rkin inss invn invnli liks ks fk fk jcic jcicrk rks. s. ~  14 e eii fk ngun ngun jn jnihk ihkbtk btk (puk (pukfk fk skr skr fk in jn jnbhi bhiin) in),, pnrn jnfn jcicr. jc icr. ~  \kjh \kjhphkbt phkbtks ks trnb trnbspnr spnrkbtks kbtks pnr pnrnn jcicjn jcicjnrr ics fhak fhakrkbt rkbtks ks jcicrks. ~  Thb Thbjki jkiks ks grn grnbfk bfkss y pinb pinbcs, cs, phb phbjki jkiks ks ﬎bcs ﬎bcs.. ~  Gctkr Gctkrcs cs (kxhstk (kxhstkbb vnrhcs vnrhcs ekfh ekfhjne jnekbtcs kbtcs quk trn trnkb kb gctkrc gctkrcs. s. Iåephnics lhkb y kstnrîb ihstcs pnrn usnr). ~  Lctkiins Lctkii nsquhkrnb. pnrnn gunrfn pnr gunrfnrr ic quk bc bc sk uthih uthihjk jk y vcivkr n usnr usnr junbfc

>46

 

Ics ’iåquhfcs fk in jcbjkbtrnjhúb― scb njunrkins iåquhfns quk pcfkecs uthihznr jcb eÿshjn fk ekfhtnjhúb, fk bnturnikzn, quk sk uthihznb jcb ki ﬎b fk acekbtnr in jcbjkbtrnjhúb y jnelhnr ki kstnfc nbåehjc fk ics bhþcs, kspkjhniekbtk junbfc thkbkb ubn rnlhktn, kstîb trhstks, tkbshcbnfcs c kstrksnfcs. N`crn lhkb, ³pcr què sk iinenb ’iåquhfcs fk in jcbjkbtrnj jcbjkbtrnjhúb―3 húb―3 In rkspukstn ks quk tcfc ki prcjksc fksfk in kinlcrnjhúb fk ics prcphcs ’iåquhfcs fk in jcbjkbtrn jcbjkbtrnjhúb― jhúb― fk ics bhþcs `nstn ki usc fk èstcs kb fhakrkbtks tkxturns y fhluocs gkbkrn fhvkrscs lkbk﬎jhcs n ics bhþcs y ni nfuitc quk ics i cs njcepnþn kb ki prcjksc. Kb J`hbn y Onpúb, ki prcjksc fk phbtnr jcb iåquhfcs fk jcicrks ks shkeprk guhnfc pcr ub nfuitc, pcrquk ics bhþcs `nstn ics 7 nþcs jnrkjkb fk ins `nlhihfnfks lîshjns pnrn phbtnr. Kb kstcs pnåsks, ics bhþcs phbtnb nrrcycs quk ﬌uykb sclrk bhkvk

quk sk aubfk, bulks quk jnelhnb fk acren jcb ki vhkbtc, rnens fk îrlciks sclrk ub jhkic purc c ki sci bnjhkbtk, ki eubfc sulenrhbc, prnfcs jcb ﬌crks y enrhpcsns, ki sci, ki enr, ktj. Tukfkb phbtnr nbheniks, pîonrcs, îrlciks, ﬌crks= ﬌crks= tcfc kstc fksnrrciin kb kiics ki necr pcr tcfn in bnturnikzn y nbheniks. Kb ki prcjksc fk phbtnr, ics bhþcs nprkbfkb n vkr ki eubfc. Fk kstn enbkrn sk iks pukfk kbskþnr n vkr y skbthric fksfk pkrspkjthvns fk ic eîs hbtkrksnbtks. Kb ki trnlnoc, ics bhþcs nprkbfkb y npihjnb bukvns tèjbhjns jcb euj`n anjhihfnf, pcr ic quk tk rkjcekbfne rkjcekbfnecs cs prhekrc kbskþnriks n npihjnr ekzjins fk jcicrks y iukgc fnr ki pnsc fk phbtnr pnhsnoks c nbheniks. Ks bkjksnrhc kvhtnr quk ics bhþcs jcbvkrskb ehkbtrns phbtnb. Trkstkecs ntkbjhúb n kstk `kj`c y rkjcrfèe rkjcrfèecsiks csiks in hepcrtnbjhn fk kstnr kb shikbjhc furnbtk ki kokrjhjhc.

>4;

 

Júec `njkr ics ’iåquhfcs fk in jcbjkbtrnjhúb― Zk jcicjn kb ub arnsjc fk vhfrhc c fk piîsthjc ub jårjuic fk njunrkin fk jcicr kb ngun jnihkbtk furnbtk vnrhcs ehbutcs, y sk kspkrn n quk sk fhiuyn. Zh jrkks quk ki jcicr kstî euy jcbjkbtrnfc, jcbjkbtrn fc, pukfks ngrkgnr ub pcjc eîs fk ngun jnihkbtk. Jnfn ekzjin ni hbhjhc tkbfrî ubn npnrhkbjhn ’lcrrcsn― kb ki kbvnsk, pkrc fkspuès fk ub pnr fk fåns, jcbskguhrîs jcicrks hbtkbscs y lrhiinbtks.

³Zclrk què supkr﬎jhks pcfkecs uthihznr ics iåquhfcs3 Tukfks usnr ics jcicrks sclrk pnpki nlscrlkbtk, sclrk nigcfúb k hbjiusc sclrk `hkic enj`njnfc. Tukfks gunrfnrics y uthihznrics junbfc quhkrns. Trkpnrn ins `cons c in supkr﬎jhk sclrk in juni trnlnonrîb jcb nbtkinjhúb, nså jcec tnelhèb ics rkjhphkbtks jcb

ics iåquhfcs y phbjkiks fhakrkbtks quk iks pkrehtnb phbtnr grnbfks kspnjhcs kspnjhcs c fktniiks ﬎bcs. Crhkbtn n ics n qukTukfks prkstkb euj`nquk ntkbjhúb n ins enbj`ns qukbhþcs sk jrknb. pkfhriks rknihjkb fcs c trks rksphrnjhcbks rksphr njhcbks prcaubfns, hb`ninbfc y kx`ninbfc pcr bnrhz.

>41

 

+>4 

:0 

Vcec jcbsjh jcbsjhkbjhn kbjhn fk ehs pkbsnehkbtcs ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3    [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc. ³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Vcenr jcbtnjtc jcb ki nquå y n`crn, ki ecekbtc prkskbtk.   Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb y ki rkghstrc fk ics pkbsnehkbtcs.

  Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhú jcbjkbtrnjhúb. b.   Gkbkrnr jnien.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc  ~  @con fk pnpki. ~  Iîp îphz hz c lci lciåg ågrrna nac. c.

Kokrjhjhc fk ksjrhturn pnrn tcenr jcbsjhkbjhn fk ics pkbsnehkbtcs. Zhepikekbtk tk shkbtns, tcens in `con fk pnpki y ksjrhlks furnbtk jhbjc ehbutcs tcfcs ics pkbsnehkbtcs quk pnsnb pcr tu ekbtk.

>47

 

+>4 

:8 

\ukfn fk njthvhfnfks ’Ehbfaui― c fk ntkbjhúb pikbn ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Vcenr jcbtnjtc jcb ki nquå y n`crn, ki ecekbtc prkskbtk.   Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb y ki rkghstrc fk ics pkbsnehkbtcs.

   Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhú jcbjkbtrnjhúb. b. Gkbkrnr jnien.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  \ukf \ukfnn rk rkni nihz hznf nfnn kb jn jnrt rtúb úb.. ~  \knih \knihznr znr ubn ubn actcjc actcjcphn phn fki fhluo fhluocc fk in rukfn rukfn fk kstk kstk ihlrc ihlrc y pkgnrin sclrk in rukfn fk jnrtúb rkjcrtnfn.

Jnfn bhþc kihgk ubn fk ins njthvhfnfks fk in rukfn kb ki ecekbtc quk ic jcbshfkrk bkjksnrhc, pcrquk su kstnfc ic bkjkshtn, yn skn pcr jnbsnbjhc, fhstrès, bkrvhcshsec, trhstkzn, hrn, ktj. Ki fcjkbtk bkjkshtnrî jcbtnr jcb ics kikekbtcs kik ekbtcs bkjksnrhcs quk ﬎gurnb kb in ihstn? gniikthtns.

>40

 

\knihzn trks rksphrnjhcbks prcaubfns

Jcek ubn gniikthtn juithvnbfc in ntkbjhúb pikbn

Trkstn

Ehrn n ics cocs n ub jcepnþkrc furnbtk > ehbutc Ngrnfkjk trks jcsns lukbns quk tk `nynb pnsnfc kb ics ÿithecs fåns

Jnehbn shkbfc

ntkbjhúb n ics scbhfcs fki kbtcrbc furnbtk > ehbutc

Qhsunihzn ubn pinyn jcb ics cocs jkrrnfcs. \kjcrrk tcfc ki iugnr furnbtk < ehbutcs.

jcbsjhkbtk fk tus ecvhehkbtcs furnbtk < ehbutcs

Hb`nin y kx`nin nhrk pcr in bnrhz furnbtk < ehbutcs. Iukgc, tnrnrkn ubn jnbjhúb.

>48

 

64 

+>4 

Vcenbfc jcbsjh jcbsjhkbjhn kbjhn fk ic quk shkbtc, fk júec kstcy kb kstk ecekbtc ³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3    [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc. ³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Vcenr jcbtnjtc jcb ki nquå y n`crn, ki ecekbtc prkskbtk.   Fksnrrciinr in clskrvnjhúb y ki rkghstrc fk ics pkbsnehkbtcs.   Anvcrkjkr in jcbjkbtrnjhú jcbjkbtrnjhúb. b.   Gkbkrnr jnien.

Vcen jcbsjhkbjhn fk tu jukrpc, bctn tu pcsturn. Zhkbtk, ni rkjcrrkr tu jukrpc jcb tu ehrnfn hbtkrbn, ins zcbns kb ins quk `ny tkbshúb. Zúic shèbtkins, bc `ngns bnfn, bc tk rknjcecfks. ³Fúbfk kstîs kb tkbshúb3, ³fúbfk kstîs rkinonfc3 N`crn kstîs prkskbtk kb tu jukrpc, n ekfhfn quk ic clskrvns shb `njkr bnfn, shb rkspcbfkr. Zúic fkonbfc quk in hbacrenjhúb tk quk fkbtrc sujkfnfk ic thquk ic quk skn ksc qukiikguk, pkrjhlks c ic i ckstî quksujkfhkbfc, rkghstrnb tusskn skbthfcs quk vhkbk fk naukrn.

>>4

 

Bc rknjjhcbns vciubtnrhnekbtk, súic clskrvns ic quk cjurrk. Zkn ic quk skn ic njkptns, shepikekbtk kstî n`å. X shguks kstnbfc kb tu rksphrnjhúb, ksk rhtec quk bc jksn. ³@nstn fúbfk iikgn fk fkbtrc kb tu jukrpc3 Fkon quk vnyn tnb prcaubfnekbtk jcec bkjkshtk hr. X shguks quhktc. Zkbjhiinekbtk clskrvns tu rksphr rksphrnjhúb, njhúb, tu jukrpc. Kstîs n`å, prkskbtk, shb eîs.

 n      r     c        `      n 

 

     y

           å

      u       q

        N

E    

b     f           a u        h         

  b  i       k   s

   s

>>>

 

6> 

+>4 

\kghstrnbfc lukbns njjhcbks

³^uhèbks pnrthjhpnb3 

  [b bhþc, ub grupc. [b nfuitc guhnbfc ki kokrjhjhc.

³Juîbtcs pnrthjhpnb3    Ics quk fkskkb.

Tnrn què fki kokrjhjhc 

  Vcenr jcbtnjtc jcb ki nquå y n`crn, ki ecekbtc prkskbtk.   Gkbkrnr kepntån.

Entkrhni bkjksnrhc 

~  [bn [bn phz phznr nrrrn kb kb ki ki nui nuin, n, c ~ [b ppnpk npkii n﬎j`k n﬎j`k jci jcicj cjnfc nfcss kb in in pnrk pnrkff oubtc oubtc jcb ub enrjnfcr enrjnfcr.. Kb in phznrrn c pnpki n﬎j`k sk rkghstrnrîb ins lukbns njjhcbks quk ics niuebcs `nynb fktkjtnfc, clskrvnfc fk nigÿb jcepnþkrc.

In hfkn ks quk, ni ﬎bnihznr ki fån, ﬎gurk ubn njjhúb pcr jnfn niuebc fk in jinsk.

>><

 

+>4  6>:

 

JNTÅV[IC 7

7 

Njthvhfnfks skbscrhniks pnr pnrn n quk ics bhþcs sk trnbquhihjkb nbtk ubn shtunjhúb fhaåjhi

 

N

jcbthbunjhúb kbjcbtrnrîs fhakrkbtks rkjurscs quk tk nyufnrîb n trnbquhihznr n tus niuebcs kb jnsc fk ubn rn lhktn,, ub ecekbt  lhktn ecekbtcc fhaåj fhaåjhi, hi, junbf junbfcc thkbk thkbkbb ehkfc ehkfc,, nbtk ubn kvniunjhúb.

@njkr lurluons. Nrenr ub rcepkjnlkzns. Thbtnr ub fhluoc. Tkfhrik quk bcs nlrnjk. Znlcrknr ub jnrnekic. \kgnr in `ukrtn. Vnpnric jcb ubn arnznfn c jclkrtcr sunvk. Iikvnric n jnehbnr. Cikr kskbjhn fk invnbfn (jkrjhcrnrsk (jkrjhcrnr sk fk quk ics bhþcs bc sknb nièrghjcs). @njkric jcbtnr fk enbkrn nsjkbfkbtk c fksjkbfkbtk.

\knihznr rksphrnjhcbks prcaubfns jcb ki bhþc. >>7

 

Znihr n jcrrkr ni pnrquk. @njkr fhluocs jcb thzns fk jcicrks. @njkric trkpnr ub îrlci. @njkr ecrhsquktns arkbtk ni kspkoc. Ehrnr ubn pkjkrn. @njkric ksjuj`nr scbhfcs fk in bnturnikzn c eÿshjn pnrn rkinonrsk jcb nurhjuinrks. @njkric scpinr ubn piuen. Fnrik ub jnikhfcsjcphc. Iikvnric n ub iugnr trnbquhic. Ksjuj`nr ub nufhcihlrc.

 

>>0

 

JNTÅV[IC 0

0 

Vnroktns ’Ehbfaui― pnrn rkjcrtnr

 

N

jcbthbunjhúb tk prkskbtc tnroktns fk ntkbjhúb pikbn pnrn uthihznr kb ki nuin jcec rkjrkcs ekbtniks kbtrk njthvhfnf y njthvhfnf, c junbfc tk pnrkzjn cpcrtubc. Kspkrnecs quk ins fhsarutks y tk rksuitkb ÿthiks. Tukfks uthihznrins jcb bhþcs, nfciksjkbtks y nfuitcs, fk enbkrn grupni c hbfhvhfuni.

³Kstîs prkstnbfc NVKBJHÚB kb kstk ecekbtc3

AÅONVK júec rkspcbfks n tus nehgcs

T\KZVN NVKBJHÚ NVKBJHÚB B n ins tkxturns fk in rcpn, fk tus ÿthiks ksjcinrks

ZÈ JCBZJHKBVK fk ic quk kstîb `njhkbfc tus jcepnþkrcs n`crn

AÅONVK kb ics nrcens fk ins jcsns

ZHKBVK ki jcbtnjtc fk tus phks jcb ki sukic

ZÈ JCBZJHKBVK fk tu pcsturn jcrpcrni kb kstk ecekbtc

AÅONVK júec rknjjhcbns jcb in gkbtk >

 

>