Mina Pierina

^KMZNRWMFIF KIGMCKIL WIK IKVCKMC IBIF FNL G^WGC

 

Jigultif fn Mkhnkmnråi Hncl÷hmgi, Emkis y Entilÿrhmgi Nsgunli prcjnsmckil fn Mkhnkmnråi Hncl÷hmgi

EMKI PMNRMKI Prnsnktifc pcr? D^IEIK D^MLLGI NFMLWCK  K^ÙNW NWPMKC_I NWPMKC_I ZMLLIJ^NR ZMLLIJ^NRVN VN ^LMWNW VVMVC Y^MWPN OCWÍ L^MW •

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Fcgnktn? Mkh. NLMIW EIGRCBMC NWPMKC_I GÉRFNKIW

 

^BMGIGM×K ] IGGNWC Li Emki Pmnrmki sn ubmgi nk nl fmstrmtc fn Oikhis, Prcvmkgmi fn Duiriz, Fnpirtienktc fn Ikgisd, nk li gunkgi fnl Rmc Wikti, fnkcemkifc Gillno÷k fn Duiylis, i uki ilturi qun virmi nktrn lcs 2400 y 6200 e.s.k.e. Fnsfn li Gmufif fn Lmei diy fcs våis fn iggnsc? tnrrnstrn tnrrnstrn y iírnc.

 

RNW^LVIFCW FN NTPLCRIGMCK NK PMNRMKI •

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LI NEPRNWI EMKNRI BIRRMGA, NL VNRGNR PRCF^GVCR E^KFMIL FN CRC, J^N LI NKGIRHIFI FN NTPLCRIR ] NTPLCVIR LI EMKI PMNRMKI. LI EMKI PMNRMK PMNRMKI I NW ^K FNPCWMVC NPMVNREIL FN ILVI W^LJ^RIGM×K ILCOIFC NK FNP×WMVCW PMRCGLÉWVMGCW FNL HR^PC GILMP^] GIL MP^] FNL VNRGMIRMC. NWVCW FNP×WMVCW ZCLGÉKMGCW WN W^PNRPCKN I PMNFRI P×EN_ RMCFIGÅVMGI ] VCBIW LÅVMGIW. LI  KIV^RILN_I  KI V^RILN_I GI×VMGI FN LIW RCGIW NK NL JLIKGC W^R FNL FNP×WMVC FN EMKNRIL W^HMNRN LI PRNWNKGMI FN ^K GCEPLNOC GCEPLN OC FN FCECW. VCFCW LCW VMPCW FN RCGIW NWVIK FNKVRC FNL FNP×WMVC EMKNRIL.

 

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LI JCREI ILIRHIFI FNL W^BZCLGÉKMGC MKVR^WMZC GCMKGMFN GCK LIW JILLIW LCKHMV^FMKILNW Y^N GCKJCREIK NL GILLNO×K FN D^I]LIW HRIBNK ] W^ JILLIEMNKVC. LI ILVNRIGM×K ] EMKNRILM_IGM×K NK NL FNP×WMVC FN PMNRMKI WCK VÅPMGIW FNL WMWVNEI FN ILVI W^LJ^RIGM×K ILCOIFCW NK ^K ZCLGÉK. LI ILVNRIGM×K FN PMRCJMLMVI ] FMGAMVI ILBNRHI EMKNRIL, PNRC HNKNRILENKVN FN ENKCR LN] Y^N NK LI ILVNRIGM×K Z^HH] WÅLMGI.

 

WNG^NKGMI LMVCL×HMGI

Rcgis Wnfmenktirmis •

Wn tmnknk gilmzis fn tckilmfifns hrms i vnrfn fn bikgcs fn > entrcs plnhifcs gck ruebc fn KX-WN i 9.>Ae il cnstn fnl tioc Pmnrmki. Li bisn fnl ijlcriemnktc nsti mktnksienktn jrigturifc.

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Il WX fnl tioc Pmnrmki ijlcri li jcreigm÷k Girduiz, jcreifi pcr irnkmsgis sugmis y lmeclmtis irnkcsis. •

 

Rcgis Zclgékmgis Wn rngckcgnk trns ukmfifns lmtcl÷hmgis vclgékmgis? vclgékmgis? •

PRMENRI ^KMFIF (IKFNWMVMGI) 

Fnpcsmtifi nktrn 6: i 27 Ei, sn fmspckn nk fmsgcrfikgmi ikhulir y jillifi scbrn lis rcgis snfmenktirmis fn li Jcreigm÷k Girduiz.

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Nk li sngunkgmi sn mfnktmjmgirck fcecs y gclifis fn livi prcvnkmnktns fnl gnrrc Gdcktcrrihi.

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Nk lcs nktcrkcs fn li zcki lis rcgis nsték junrtnenktn irhmlmzifis

 

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WNH^KFI ^KMFIF (FIGMVMGI) Wn mkmgmi gck li mktrusm÷k y jluoc fn uki snrmn fn fcecs  p÷rjmfc figÅtmgcs.

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Furiktn li snhukfi emtif fnl vulgikmsec figÅtmgc (tcbis y YJP) sugnfm÷ li emknrilmzigm÷k fnl yigmemnktc Pmnrmki.

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I ukcs >Ae fnl tioc Pmnrmki sn ubmg÷ fmquns y uk fcec fn rmclmti gcrtikfc rcgis snfmenktirmis  

 

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VNRGNRI ^KMFIF (IKFNWMVMGI)

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Nsti ukmfif tmnkn uki nfif fn =.=:Ei, i ukcs 7 i 6Ae il WX fnl tioc Pmnrmki, sn nkgunktri jcreikfc gclmkis c gcec blcquns.

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Wck gclifis fn livi fnpcsmtifis.

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Wck jluocs lévmgcs eigmzcs c iutcbrngdifcs

 

 

2. ILVNRIGM×K  suljurigm÷k cgurrmfc nktrn 96.9 y 96.8 Ei Li iltnrigm÷k2000). nk Pmnrmki tåpmgienktn uk prcgnsc dmfrctnreil fn iltitrikspcrtifcs (Wtrusmnvmgz, Wn dinsprcfugmfc  pcrfnnjngtc  pcr fn jlumfcs jlumf cs dmfrctnreilns trik spcrtifcs i trivís fn nstrugturis nstrugturis fn gmzilli (jillis) Aitty y Vcrti

2.9. ILVNRIGM×K PRCPMLÅVMGI Girigtnrmzifi pcr li prnsnkgmi fn glcrmti, npmfcti y/c gilgmti, Girigtnrmzifi gilgmti, y plihmcglisi ilbmzifi. Cgurrn pcr lc hnknril hnknril gcec dilc hrifigmckil y fmstil fn uki iltnrigm÷k pctésmgi. Hnknri uki zckigm÷k girigtnråsgi girigtnråsgi y hrifigmckil gcec rnjnoc rnjnoc fn uk hrifmnktn dmfrctnreil fngrngmnktn i pirr fnl kÿglnc digmi iunri. Nsti iltnrigm÷k mkvclugri dmfrclmsms, dmfritigm÷k y girbcki girbckitigm÷k tigm÷k V? 200-2>0 °G( Prnsnkgmi fn igkclmti) Pd? knutrc i ilgilmkc

 

Glcrmti

Npmfcti

ILVNRIGMCK PRCPMLMVMGI

 

2.2. ILVNRIGM×K IRHÅLMGI Mepcrtiktns giktmfifns fn giclmkmti, ecktecrmllck ecktecrmllckmti, mti, nseígtmgi c irgmllis, prmkgmpilenktn rnneplizikfc i  plihmcglisis1 punfn punfn dibnr snrmgmti igcepiùikfc igcepiùikfc i lis irgmllis1 irgmllis1 nl jnlfnspitc pctésmgc pctésmgc fn lis rcgis rcgis punfn nstir jrnsgc c  pirgmilenktn irhmlmzifc. irhmlmzifc. Gcec li iltnrigm÷k irhålmgi sn jcrei nk gckfmgmckns fn tnepnrituri rnlitmvienktn eés biois (0 °G) y enkcs égmfis (6-: pD) qun li iltnrigm÷k jålmgi, pcfråi gcksmfnrirsn gcec tåpmgi fn lcs nktcrkcs npmtnreilns c uk gclipsc nk uki ntipi  pcstnrmcr fn nkjrmiemnktc nkjrmiemnktc nk uk nktcrkc nktcrkc fn p÷rjmfc

Nsengtmti

Giclmkmti

 

2.7 IL ILVNR VNRIGM× IGM×K K IRHÅLM IRH ÅLMGI GI IZ IZIK_IF IK_IFI I Girigtnrmzifi pcr li fnstruggm÷k tctil fn jnlfnspitcs nk gckfmgmckns fn uki dmfr÷lmsms euy junrtn, fikfc luhir i li jcreigm÷k fn giclmkmti y/c ilukmti. Hrik pirtn fn irhålmgi lcs emknrilns fn lis triksjcreifcs i fmgamti, fméspcrc,9-2) ilukmti guirzc. Li iltnrigm÷k ivikzifi sn rcgis fnsirrclli nk gckfmgmckns gckfmgmck ns euy giclmkmti, égmfis (pDpmrcjmlmti, 0 i 7400. Wck nstrugturis mktnksienktn smlmgmjmgifis i “vuhhy smlmgi― zckifis litnrilenktn i guirzc - ilukmti. Wn gcksmfnri qun dik snrvmfc fn “jnnfnrs― piri li iltnrigm÷k y emknrilmzigm÷k emknrilmzigm÷k fnl yigmemnktc yigmemnktc Pmnrmki Nstis nstrugturis il isgnkfnr y pisir lcs kmvnlns 7400, li iltnrigm÷k nk gcktigtc gck lis tcbis fn gcepcsmgm÷k figåtmgi sn dignk eés mktnksis y nxtnksis gck vilcrns fn crc eiycrns i 9 h/t

 

 NWVR^GV^RIW GNRRC VCRVI Wn iprngmi nstrugturis fn gmzilli sub-pirilnlis gck girigtnråstmgis fn iltnrigm÷k smemlirns i lis nstrugturis Aitty, li fmstikgmi nktrn pirilnlis ns virmibln, vik fn 4 i 20 e. Nl gcktnkmfc fn crc nk nstn gisc ns bioc c kc emkibln, hnknrilenktn gcktmnkn ilrnfnfcr fn 0.09 h/t Iu

 

FNP×WMVCW G^IVNRKIRMCW G^IVNRKIRMCW GCK EMKNRIL Nk pirtmgulir, pirtmgulir, nk li emki Pmnrmki nk nl lifc kcrtn fnl gnrrc Vcrti Vcrti y nk nl nxtrnec kcrtn fn li pirnf nstn fnl tioc, sn di fntnremkifc fnp÷smtcs fnp÷smtcs gcluvmilns pcr humoirrcs, irnkis, irgmllis y blcquns,  pcbrnenktn glismjmgifcs, glismjmgifcs, kc gcepigtifcs, gcepigtifcs, fn iltnrigm÷k y gcepcsmgm÷k prnfcemkiktn prnfcemkiktn fn Guirzc Guirzc y Jnlfnspitc rnpcrtirck vilcrns biocs nk gcktnkmfc fn crc, ilrnfnfcr fn 40 ppb. ppb .

 

ECFNLC FNL ]IGMEMNKVC Li emknrilmzigm÷k nk Pmnrmki sn prcfuoc nktrn 96.9 ykunvcs 96.8 Ei1 pcstnrmcrenktn, nvnktcs tngt÷kmgcs? sugnfmnrck disti trns  Emcgnkc enfmc (90 Ei)  Emcgnkc supnrmcr (8 Ei)  Jisn fnl Guitnrkirmc iktmhuc (2 Ei) Lcs guilns ecfmjmgirck mkmgmildigmi fnl li yigmemnktc, fmsturbikfcliy pcsmgm÷k nxpckmíkfclc supnrjmgmn, prcvcgikfc iså su mknstibmlmfif y fnslmziemnktc nk fmrnggm÷k fn li pnkfmnktn  prcpmgmi Idcri, fn igunrfc i li fnsgrmpgm÷k nstrugturil, lmtclchåi y emknrilmzigm÷k, sn fnfugn qun li emknrilmzigm÷k nk Pmnrmki di smfc i trivís fn nstrugturis fn gmzilli prcfugmfis pcr lis jillis Rcxiki Ismemsec, tiktcbuzik li jilli Rcxiki yy Vmkyisd. lis nstrugturis fn gmzilli digmi nl

lifc sur, pcr lc tiktc lcs jlumfcs emknrilmziktns  

Li emki Pmnrmki ns uki cpnrigm÷k fn tioc ibmnrtc, fckfn sn utmlmz÷ eítcfcs gckvnkgmcki gckvnkgmckilns lns fn  pnrjcrigm÷k y vclifuri, vclifuri, girhuåc gck girhifc girhifcrns rns jrcktilns y igirrnc nk giemckns fn hrik tcknlion  piri li nxtriggm÷k fnl fnl emknril iuråjnrc.  Nl eitnrmil nstírml ns trikspcrtifc nk giemckns disti uki zcki fn ileignkiemnktc fn fnsecktn.  Nl emknril gdikgifc snré gclcgifc nk pmlis  Enfmiktn li utmlmzigm÷k fn eítcfcs gckvnkgmckilns 

fn lmxmvmigm÷k gck gmikurc sn rngupnriré nl crc gcktnkmfc

 

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NW ^K ] ]IGMEMNKVC IGMEMNKVC NK VCBIW GCK ILVNRIGM×K DMFRCVNREIL FNPCWMVIFIW NK IKFNWMVIW. IKFNWMVIW. LCW Z ZILCRNW ILCRNW WN NKG^NKVRIK NK ^KMFIFNW FN VCBIW PCEÉGNIW.

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LI VIWI VIWI KCEMKIL FN PRCF^GGM×K WN DI PRC]NGVIFC NK 9=,>00 9= ,>00 V/F.

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WN PRC]NGVI Y^NV/F. WN NTVRINRÉ FNWECKVN I ^KI VIWI ZIRMIBLN FN 9>,000 V/F I 7>,000

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NL EMKNRIL WN PRCGNW× NK PMLIW FN LMTMZMIGM×K PIRI RNG^PNRIR NL CRC.

 

Rngurscs emknrilns

Prchriei fn prcfuggm÷k fn li emki

 

eirgismti (JnW2) 

CRFNK FN IB^KFIKGMI FN LCW EMKNRILNW (EMKNRIL ] FNWECKVN)?

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G^IR_C (WMC2)

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IL^KMVI ((AIL7)(WC6)2(CD):) IL^KMVI ((AIL7)(WC6)2(CD): ) BIRMVI (BIWC6)

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DNEIVMVI DNEI VMVI (JN2C7 (JN2C7))

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HCNVMVI (JNCCD)

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PMRMVI (JNW2)

gcvnlmti (GuW) irsnkcpmrmti (JnIsW) lcllmkhmti (JnIs 2) nkirhmti (Gu7IsW6) crc kitmvc (Iu) igiktmti (Ih2W) gmkibrmc (DhW)  pliti kitmvi (Ih)

 

Emki PmnrmkiBirrmga i tioc ibmnrtc 9==4-2096 Emsqumgdmlg Emsqumgdmlgi) i) (Emknri

LN]NW FNL EMKNRIL (HNCY^MEMGI) 

 

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CRC (Iu) •

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Nl rikhc fnl crc vi fn > i 9629  ppe, Wn nkgunktrik iltcs vilcrns nk lis  pirtns eis iltis fn li gcrfmllnri knhri(Pmnrmki) y nk snhukfc luhir nk li gcrfmllnri blikgi.

 

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PLCEC (PB) •

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W^W ZILCRNW WN NKG^NKVRIK NKVRN 2.> I 4:4> PPE. W^W GCKGNKVRIGMCKNW EIW ILVIW NWVIK RNLIGMCKIFIW I ZIRMCW WNGVCRNW FN EMKIW FN IKGIWD NKVRN NLLCW, PMNRMKI

 

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PLIVI PLIV I (IH) (I H) •

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LCW RIKHCW R IKHCW FN ZILCRNW ZILCRNW ZIK FN 0.09 I =.46 PPE. LCW ZILCRNW ILVCW NWVIK RNLIGMCKIFCW I LI ^BMGIGM×K FN LI GCRFMLLNRI KNHRI (PMNRMKI)

 

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GCBRN (G^) •

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W^W ZILCRNW WN NKG^NKVRIK NKVRN 7.7 ] 7692 PPE. W^W ZILCRNW EIW ILVCW ILVCW NWVIK RNLIGMCKIFCW I LI GCRFMLLNRI KNHRI

 

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_MKG (_K) •

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W^W ZILCRNW WN NKG^NKVRIK NKVRN 6 ] 649= PPE. W^ GCKGNKVRIGMCKNW EIW ILVIW NWVIK RNLIGMCKIFIW I LIW _CKIW _CK IW EIW ILVIW ILVIW FN LI GCRFMLLNRI GCRFMLLN RI KNHRI ] WNGVCRNW PMNRMKI FN LI EMKI

 

ZMFI FN LI EMKI

Nl gmnrrn jmkil sn nktmnkfn gcec li gckglusm÷k fnjmkmtmvi fnjmkmtmvi fn li igtmvmfif fn rngupnrigm÷k fn lcs rngurscs entélmgcs y nl tíremkc fnjmkmtmvc fn li igtmvmfif prcfugtmvi prcfugtmvi qun hnknri mkhrnscs ngck÷emgcs i li cpnrigm÷k. Nl gmnrrn fnjmkmtmvc fn Pmnrmki sn prcfuoc nktrn lcs iùcs 2097 y 2094

 

VMPC FN VRIVIEMNKVC Nl yigmemnktc emknrils nk nstéuki gcepunstc ukmfifnstnrgmirmi gcktmkuis  pceégnis neplizifi neplizifis sngunkgmifnvclgékmgi vclgékmgi nkfn li tcbis qun  prnfcemkik lis ikfnsmtis. ikfnsmtis. Viktc Viktc nl yigmemnktc emknril gcec lis rcgis nkgiockiktns eunstrik iltnrigm÷k dmfrctnreil

Pmnrmki ns uk yigmemnktc nk tcbis gck iltnrigm÷k dmfrctnreil fnpcsmtifis nk ikfnsmtis. Lcs vilcrns sn nkgunktrik nk ukmfifns fn tcbis pceégnis. pceégnis. Nl emknril y nl fnsecktn snrék nxtriåfcs enfmiktn uki cpnrigm÷k i tioc ibmnrtc, neplnikfc girhifcrns y giemckns

 

Nl emknril fnl yigmemnktc Pmnrmki ns nxtriåfc fn uk tioc ibmnrtc ubmgifc nk nl Gnrrc Ikgcsdpukti. kmvnlemnktris supnrmcrqun fnlnltioc ibmnrtc qunfi i 6,9=0 Nl eske kmvnl eés  bioc fn nxtriggm÷k nsti i 7,860 eske. Li  prmkgmpil riepi fn silmfi silmfi sn ubmgi i 7,=2: eske. Nl tioc gubrn nvnktuilenktn uki zcki fn iprcxmeifienktnn 9 ae2 . iprcxmeifienkt

Li rcgi rnecvmfi ns girhifi gck girhifcrns jrcktilns fn 92 i 20 e7 i giemckns fn uki gipigmfif fn 900 i 9>0 tcknlifis. Li rcgi fn fnsecktn ns igirrnifi i li zcki fn ileignkiemnktc fn fnsecktn c i zckis fn gckstruggm÷k nk nl Prcyngtc Pmnrmki. Lis fmstikgmis prcenfmc fn igirrnc sck fnl crfnk fn 6 ae. Nl emknril ns llnvifc nk giem÷k, yi sni i li gdikgifcri c fmrngtienktn i lis pmlis fn lmxmvmigm÷ lmxmvmigm÷k k.

 

PRMKGMPIL EMKNRIL FN NTPLCVIGM×K Lis rcgis, mkgluynkfc tiktc nl emknril gcec li rcgi fn fnsecktn, gcktmnknk lcs smhumnktns Nl yigmemnktc emknril gckcgmfc gcktmnkn rngurscs emknrilns fnl crfnk fn 4=.9 emllckns fn tcknlifis (Et) gck uki lny fn 2.6 h/t fn crc.

emknrilns, nk crfnk fn ibukfikgmi? guirzc (WmC2), ilukmti ((AIl7)(WC6)2(CD):),  birmti (BiWC6), dneitmti (Jn2C7), hcntmti (JnCCD),  pmrmti (JnW2), eirgismti (JnW2), gcvnlmti (GuW), irsnkcpmrmti (JnIsW),  lcllmkhmti (JnIs 2), •

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nkirhmti (Gu7IsW6),  crc kitmvc (Iu),  igiktmti (Ih2W),  gmkibrmc (DhW)  pliti kitmvi (Ih).  Nl enrgurmc tiebmík rnneplizi i li pliti nk li igiktmti. •

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nl vcluenk tctil fn rcgi nxtrimfi ns fn iprcxmeifienkt iprcxmeifienktnn 294 Et, fn lcs guilns 967 Et ns fnsecktn y 8> Et ns emknril Lmtclchmis iscgmifis i emknrilmzigm÷k fn crc tcbis pceégnis, p÷rjmfc fn guirzc-jnlfnspi guirzc-jnlfnspitc, tc, tcbis grmstilmzifis y ikfnsmti. Hnknrilenktn, li tcbi låtmgi scbrnyign y li ikfnsmti subyign i li ukmfif fn tcbi pceégni qun ilbnrhi nl hrunsc fn li emknrilmzigm÷k iuråjnri. iuråjnri .

Lis zckis fn sålmgn pcrcsi (vuhhy smlmgi) fnktrc fn li tcbi pceégni cjrngnk lcs prmkgmpilns nspigmcs fn emknrilmzigm÷k, lcs emsecs qun nsték rcfnifcs pcr uki iltnrigm÷k mktnrenfmi fn guirzc-ilukmti guirzc-ilukmti y  y fn irgmlli (snrmgmti ¹ giclmkmti)

 

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BMBLMCHRIJMI DVVP?//XXX.EMKNE.HCB.PN/EMKNE/IRGDMZCW/JMLN/FHIIE/NWV^FMCW/ EMKIPMNRMKI/GIPMV07.PFJ DVVPW?//XXX.HCCHLN.GCE/WNIRGD3Y5PMLIW+FN+LMTMZMIGMCK&RL_59 G9^^T^SNWPN=7>PN=7>&WC^RGN5LKEW&VBE5MWGD&WI5T&ZNF52ID^A  NXMC6IEG^CSZIDZELLAHDGRVBFNYSI^CITCNGINYI NXMC6IEG^CSZ IDZELLAHDGRVBFNYSI^CITCNGINYIX&BMX597::& X&BMX597::& BMD5:>8#MEHRG5XI9KL=M=K>T>IE DVVPW?//MWW^^.GCE/P^LLGRNIVMZC/FCGW/VES6:/2: