Migration Types, Causes and Consequences _ Geography

8/7/2017

M i gr ati on Types, Causes and C onsequences | Geogr aphy

World News

Indian News

Business News

Sci | Tech News

Env | Health News

CA | GK Quiz

GK Notes

Govt Jobs

Bank Jobs

Follow by Email for Daily News Letter Email address...

 

Submit

 Join Us For Daily Updates

Indian Current Affairs Like Page

37K likes

Be the first of your friends to like this

21 MAR 2012 BY ADMIN

Migration has been an integral part and a very important factor in redistributing population over time and space. India has witnessed the waves of migrants coming to the country from Central and West Asia and also from Southeast Asia. In fact, the history of India is a history of waves of  migrants coming and settling one after another in different parts of the country. Similarly, large numbers of people from India too have been migrating to places in search of better opportunities specially to the countries of the Middle-East, Western Europe, America, Australia and East and South East Asia. Indian Diaspora

During colonial period (British period) millions of the indentured labourers were sent to different parts of the world to work as plantation workers. All such migrations were covered under the time-bound contract known as Girmit Act (Indian Emigration Act). However, the living conditions of these indentured labourers were not better  than the slaves. The second wave of migrants ventured out into the neighbouring countries in recent times as professionals, artisans, artisans, traders and factory workers, in search of economic opportunities to Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei and African countries, etc. and the trend still continues. There was a steady outflow of India’s semi-skilled and skilled labour in the wake of the oil boom in West Asia in the 1970s. There was also some outflow of entrepreneurs, professionals, businessmen to Western Countries. Third wave, of  migrant was comprised pr ofessional ofessionals s like doctors, engineers ( 1960s onwards), software engineers, management consultants, financial experts, media persons (1980s onwards), and others migrated to countries such as USA, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand and Germany, etc. These professional enjoy the distinct distinction ion of being one of highly educated, the highest earning and prospering groups. After liberalisation, in the 90s education and knowledge–based Indian emigration has made Indian Diaspora one of the most powerful diasporas in the world. In all these countries, Indian diaspora has been playing an important role in the development of the respective countries. Migration

Search

Migration was recorded beginning from the first Census of India conducted in 1881. This data were recorded on the basis of place of birth. However, the first major modification was introduced in 1961 Census by bringing

Custom Search

in two additional components viz; place of birth i.e. village or town and duration of residence (if born elsewhere). Further in 1971, additional information on place of last residence and duration of stay at the place of enumeration were incorporated. Information on reasons for migration were incorporated in 1981 Census.

http://www.cur r entaffai r si ndi a.i nfo/2012/03/m i gr ation- ty types- causes- and- consequences.htm l

1/5

8/7/2017

Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geography Indian Polity and governance

Streams of Migration

 A few facts pertain ing to the internal migratio n ( within the country) and internat ional migratio n ( out of the

Multiple Choice Questions on Polity (6) Notes on Polity (27)

country and into the country from other countries) are presented here. Females predominate the streams of  short distance rural to rural migration in both types of migration. Contrary to this, men predominate the rural to

Economy - India and World

urban stream of inter-state migration due to economic reasons. Apart from these streams of internal migration,

Must Read Articles on Economy (1)

India also experiences immigration from and emigration to the neighbouring countries.

News on Indian and International Economy (9)

Indian migration, four streams are identified:

Notes on Economics (38)

(a) rural to rural (b) rural to urban

India - World Geography

(c) urban to urban and

Notes on Geography (3)

(d) urban to rural.

Places of Interest (2)

In India, during 2001, out of 315 million migrants, enumerated on the basis of the last residence, 98 million had

Indian History - Medieval and Modern

changed their place of residence in the last ten years. Out of these, 81 million were intrastate migrants. The

India after Independence (2)

stream was dominated by female migrants. Most of these were migrants related to marriage. Census 2001

Indian Freedom Fighters (13)

has recorded that more than 5 million person have migrated to India from other countries. Out of these, 96 per 

Indian Women Freedom Fighters (3)

cent came from the neighbouring countries: Bangladesh (3.0 million) followed by Pakistan (0.9 million) and

Notes on Indian Culture (1)

Nepal (0.5 million). Included in this are 0.16 million refugees from Tibet, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan,  Afghanistan , Ir an, and Myanma r. As far as emigrat ion from India is co ncerned it is estimated that there are

Notes on Indian History (13) Social Reformers of India (10)

around 20 million people of Indian Diaspora, spread across 110 countries. Environment,Science & Technology Spatial Variation in Migration

Some states like Maharashtra, Delhi, Gujarat and Haryana attract migrants from other states such as Uttar 

Notes on Environment (17) Notes on Health (2)

Pradesh, Bihar, etc. M aharashtra occupied first place in the list with 2.3 million net in-migrants, followed by Delhi, Gujarat and Haryana. On the other hand, Uttar Pradesh (-2.6 million) and Bihar (-1.7 million) were the states, which had the largest number of net out-migrants from the state.

Current Affairs in NutShell Notes from Frontline (4) Notes from Yojana (2)

Causes of Migration

People, generally are emotionally attached to their place of birth. But millions of people leave their places of  birth and residence. There could be variety of reasons. These reasons can be put into two broad categories : (i) push factor, these cause people to leave their place of residence or origin; and (ii) pull factors, which attract the people from different places. In India people migrate from rural to urban areas mainly due to poverty, high population pressure on the land, lack of basic infrastructural facilities like health care, education, etc. Apart from these factors, natural disasters such as, flood, drought, cyclonic storms, earthquake also reasons for  migration,

PIB Releases 2011 (25) PIB Releases 2012 (10) PIB Releases 2013 (20) PIB Releases 2014 (1)

Also Have a Look At Defense News of India (1) Famous Indian Women (5) Government Projects (14) India- Corruption-Anti Corruption (6)

On the other hand, there are pull factors which attract people from rural areas to cities. The most important

India's Foreign Relations (4)

pull factor for majority of the rural migrants to urban areas is the better opportunities, availability of regular 

Indian Agriculture (4)

work and relatively higher wages. Better opportunities for education, better health facilities and sources of 

Indian Nuclear Energy (9)

entertainment, etc. are also quite important pull factors. Work and employment have remained the main cause

Space News of India (3)

for male migration (38 per cent) while it is only three per cent for the females. Contrary to this, about 65 per  cent of females move out from their parental houses following their marriage. This is the most important cause in the rural areas of India except in Meghalaya where reverse is the case.

Refresh Your School Lessons NCERT Books Download (2) NCERT Standard 12 (14)

Consequences of Migration

NCERT Standard 8 (23)

Migration is a response to the uneven distribution of opportunities over space. People tend to move from place of low opportunity and low safety to the place of higher opportunity and better safety. This, in turn, creates both benefits and problems for the areas, people migrate from and migrate to. Consequences can be observed in economic, social, cultural, political and demographic terms. Economic Consequences

 A ma jor benefit for the source region is th e remittan ce sent by m igrants. Remittance s fr om the interna tional

Popular Posts 82.5° E longitude Passes through which Indian Place Through this online GK question series, currentaffairsindia.info presents the most relevant model questions on General Knowledge. These qu...

migrants are one of the major sources of foreign exchange. In 2002, India received US$ 11 billion as remittances from international migrants. Punjab, Kerala and Tamil Nadu receive very significant amount from their international migrants. The amount of remittances sent by the internal migrants is very meagre as compared to international migrants, but it plays an important role in the growth of economy of the source area. Remittances are mainly used for food, repayment of debts, treatment, marriages, children’s education, agricultural inputs, construction of houses, etc. For thousands of the poor villages of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, etc. remittance works as life blood for their economy. Migration from rural areas of Eastern Uttar  Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa to the rural areas of Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh accounted for the success of their green revolution strategy for agricultural development.

http://www.currentaffairsindia.info/2012/03/migration- types-causes-and-consequences.htm l

India After Independence When India became independent in August 1947, it faced a series of very great challenges. As a result of Partition, 8 million refugees had ... Carnatic Wars | First Carnatic War | Second Carnatic War | Third Carnatic War  The Carnatic Wars were a series of military conflicts in the middle of the 18th century between the French East India Company and the Briti...

2/5

8/7/2017

Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geography Robert Clive in Indian History

Besides this, unregulated migration to the metropolitan cities of India has caused overcrowding. Development of slums in industrially developed states such as Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Delhi is a negative consequence of unregulated migration within the country.

Robert Clive (1725-1774), was one of the creators of British power in India. In his first governorship (1755–60) he won the Battle of  Plasse...

Demographic Consequences

Migration leads to the redistribution of the population within a country. Rural urban migration is one of the important factors contributing to the population growth of cities. Age and skill selective out migration from the rural area have adverse effect on the rural demographic structure. However, high out migration from

Share Your Thoughts.. aditimishra

and sex composition in these states.

Steel wires are also used in various applications like commercial, military and industrial use....

Social Consequences

Industries- Different Types Based on Size,Ownership and Technology · 2 weeks ago

Uttaranchal, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Eastern Maharashtra have brought serious imbalances in age

Migrants act as agents of social change. The new ideas related to new technologies, family planning, girl’s education, etc. get diffused from urban to rural areas through them. Migration leads to intermixing of people from diverse cultures. It has positive contribution such as evolution of composite culture and breaking through the narrow considerations and widens up the mental horizon of the people at large. But it also has serious negative consequences such as anonimity, which creates social vacuum and sense of dejection among individuals. Continued feeling of dejection may motivate people to fall in the trap of anti-social activities like crime and drug abuse. Environmental Consequences

Overcrowding of people due to rural-urban migration has put pressure on the existing social and physical infrastructure in the urban areas. This ultimately leads to unplanned growth of urban settlement and formation of slums shanty colonies. Apart from this, due to over-exploitation of natural resources, cities are facing the acute problem of depletion of ground water, air pollution, disposal of sewage and management of solid wastes. Others

Migration (even excluding the marriage migration) affects the status of women directly or indirectly. In the rural areas, male selective out migration leaving their wives behind puts extra physical as well mental pressure on the women. Migration of ‘women’ either for education or employment enhances their autonomy and role in the economy but also increases their vulnerability. If remittances are the major benefits of migration from the point of view of the source region, the loss of human resources particularly highly skilled people is the most serious

aditimishra Thanks for post. The Precision Drawell is to emerge as a leading manufacturer of high quality... Navratna Companies of India · 3 weeks ago manalishroff  Deccan Riots of 1875 | Deccan Riots Commission · 1 month ago manalishroff  Thanks for the post... Transport and Communication in India · 1 month ago manalishroff  Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geography · 1 month ago Powered by Disqus

cost. The market for advanced skills has become truly a global market and the most dynamic industrial economies are admitting and recruiting significant proportions of the highly trained professionals from poor  regions. Consequently, the existing underdevelopment in the source region gets reinforced. source : NCERT Class 12 - Geography. Unit I, Chapter 2

Submit Resume Now Like  3   Share

Current Affairs - India & World  A true compa nion for knowle dge seekers and job hunters..

Search This Blog Search

Blog Archive ► 2017 (2) ► 2015 (43) ► 2014 (49) ► 2013 (220) ▼ 2012 (169) ► October 2012 (14) ► September 2012 (11) ►  August 201 2 (24) ► July 2012 (43) ► June 2012 (20) ► May 2012 (9)

http://www.currentaffairsindia.info/2012/03/migration- types-causes-and-consequences.htm l

3/5

8/7/2017

Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geography

1 Comment

Indian Current Affairs

  Recommend

2

1 

⤤  Share

Login

Sort by Newest

►  April 20 12 (20) ▼ March 2012 (22) IPL 2012 Schedule |IPL 2012 Fixture | IPL 2012 Tim... US in Iran | US involvement in Iran | US - Iran re...

Join the discussion…

Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (...

LOG IN WITH

Indian Current Affairs | Current Affairs India M... General issues on Environmental ecology : Waste an...

OR SIGN UP WITH DISQUS ?

Name

General issues on Environmental ecology : Fossil F... General issues on Environmental ecology : Greenhou...

manalishroff • a month ago

Concrete Reinfor cing Fibre is therefore found to be a more versatile material f or manufacturing and repairing precas t products like slab elements for bridge decks, runways and highways,and many more. •   Reply • Share ›

General issues on Environmental ecology : Pollutio... General issues on Environmental ecology : Global w... Revolutionaries of Indian Freedom Struggle | India...

INDIAN CURRENT AFFAIRS

SBI Clerical Recruitment 2013 •

•

— Thanks..

 Avat

4. GK Quiz - General Knowledge Quiz May 2013 •

 Avat

2. GK Cur rent Affairs Quiz - January 2013

•

 Avat

— i've bar ely known 5 answers by myslf... thanks for the info @admin!

Current Affairs - India & World: Child Marriages in India

•

— Thanks Priti!!! Keep Visiting us!!!

•

•

 Avat

•

— fgfgfdg

Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geograp... Population Distribution, Density, Growth and Compo... Develpoment on Indian Cities (1850 - 1900) | India... Indian Women Freedom Fighters | Kamaladevi Chattop... Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement | Indi... Partition of India | History of India Framing of Indian Constitution | Indian History Global Dimming | Causes and Impact JNNSM | Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar  Mission General Studies Online | Latest Health News India ... Land and Water Resources | NCERT Standard 8 | Soci... Mineral and Power Resources | NCERT Standard 8 | S... ► January 2012 (6) ► 2011 (233)

Home

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Powered by Blogger .

http://www.currentaffairsindia.info/2012/03/migration- types-causes-and-consequences.htm l

4/5

8/7/2017

Migration Types, Causes and Consequences | Geography

Copyright 2011 Current Affairs - India & World All rights reser ved. Template Source: Free Blogger Templates Blogger Template created by Deluxe Templates, modified by Melwin Ambatt | Free Wordpress Themes by NeoEase| Disclaimer | About Us

http://www.currentaffairsindia.info/2012/03/migration- types-causes-and-consequences.htm l

Top

5/5