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Chapter 2 – Machinery Arrangement (Motor Ship)

2.

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Machinery Arrangement (Motor Ship) Engine room is one of the compartments onboard ships and various machineries are installed and arranged to provide power requirements either mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or pneumatics for the operation of the ship. There are two main classifications of machineries onboard. They are the main machineries which are providing propulsion power to the ship and auxiliary machineries which are supporting the main operation by providing electrical power, cooling, heating etc. Major machineries in the engine room are categorized as “Critical Machineries” under the Safety Management System which define as when become inoperative, it will render hazards to the operation of the ship. Machineries are arranged systematically and with accordance to their operational requirement. These machineries are describes as follows:

2.1

Main Engine Type/Model Manufacturer Power

: HHI B&W11K98ME-C : Hyundai Heavy Industries : MCR 62810KW (85456 PS) @ 104 RPM, NCR 53388.5KW (72588PS) Service Speed : 25 Knots Guaranteed Speed : 27 Knots F.O. Consumption : 240 MT/Day Cylinder Bore : 980 mm Stroke : 2400 mm MEP/Pmax : 18.2 Bar/14.0 Bar

Provides propulsion power to the ship and is made of diesel engine. Commonly called as main power plant or the “main engine”, classified by the company’s Safety Management System as “Critical Machinery”, situated at the center of the engine room, bolted to the hull at the bottom by commonly called “holding down bolts” and braced on the top to ensure that the power being developed is efficiently transmitted to the ship hull via the propeller. 2.2

Diesel Generator Engine

Type/Model

Manufacturer No. of Units

: 8N280L-ZN Vertical water-cooled 4cycle diesel engine : YANMAR Diesel Co. Ltd. :4

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Provide mechanical power to the electric generating equipment of the ship. Commonly term as “auxiliary diesel engine”, and coupled to a generator. There are 4 units available onboard and also categorized as “Critical Machinery”. 2.3

Air Compressor

Type/Model Manufacturer No. of Units

: H-373 : JONGHAP-TANABE :3

Generates compressed air at required pressure and stored to cylindrical tanks. The compressed air is used for starting diesel engine, control air for instrumentation, maintenance cleaning purposes and others. 2.4

Auxiliary Boiler

Type/Model Manufacturer

: MA0807R20 : KANGRIM

Sealed vessel where water is converted into steam. Steam is generated at certain pressure to make it usable. Generally, steam is used for heating, medium of prime mover such as Turbo Generator, turbine pumps etc., and for other purposes. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard. 2.5

Exhaust Gas Economizer (EGE) Waste heat recovery equipment for the main engine exhaust gas produces steam. The heat that was forced out from the main engine (exhaust gas) passes to the rows of tubes, heated the water inside the tubes and thus, generating steam. Commonly, when the ship is underway or in navigating waters, the EGE is used for steam generation and the auxiliary boiler is in stand-by condition. The steam generated is

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used for heating fuel oil, lube oil and other purposes. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.

Type/Model Manufacturer Steam Production Working Pressure Feed Water Temperature

2.6

: EB30025 : KANGRIM : 3500kg/hr : 0.59 Mpa o : 60 C

Purifier

Type/Model

Manufacturer

: HFO - SJ100GH Main L.O. – SJ100G MDO – SJ30G G/E L.O. – SJ20G : SAMGONG

Device used as separators of liquid to liquid or solid particles to fuel oil or lube oil used for diesel engine onboard. It can purify and remove sediments from fuel oil and lube oil to certain acceptable characteristics. In some cases, they are also used as clarifiers as in the case that oils is containing large amount of sludge (solid particles) and less amount of water (oil which density is more than 1.0). 2.7

Homogenizer

Type/Model Manufacturer

: 160-M-MD / SR-IL Sludge Reduction InLine : Schiffs-& Industrie Technik GmbH

To counteract the problems associated with today’s fuel oil, homogenization is being applied to improve the engine performance.

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Homogenizer is the device used to grind the fuel oil as it is pumps through the unit. This device works just like a milling machine for processing of sludge, asphaltenes, etc., that are commonly associated in the fuel oil even after treatment. 2.8

Fresh Water Generator

Plate Type/Model Manufacturer Production Capacity Max. Salinity

: EX-30E : SASAKURA : 30 ton/day : 10 ppm

Fresh water generator or “Distilling Plant” generates fresh water onboard. Fresh water is produced by boiling the sea water and condensing into fresh water. Primary heating used is the jacket cooling water of the main engine. 2.9

Pump

Manufacturer

: Shin Shin Machinery Co.,Ltd.

Pump provides sufficient energy to the flow of liquid such as fuel oil, lube oil, water etc. Centrifugal Pumps, Piston pumps, Screw Pumps and Gear pumps are commonly installed in the engine room.

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Heat Exchanger Heat exchanger allows heat transfer of fluid to another. Heat exchangers are used for fuel oil, lube oil, fresh water, sea water and refrigeration system. They can be coolers, heaters and condensers.

2.11

Type/Model Maker

: Plate/Shell & Tube Type : Dongwa Entec

Type/Model Maker

: R404a (MCU21/221218-V) : H1 Air Korea

Provision Refrigerating Plant

For the preservation of foods onboard for the consumption of crew, provision refrigerating machine is installed. It provides cooling to freeze and chill meat, fish, vegetables and other products. 2.12

Air Conditioning Plant

Type/Model Maker

: R404a (MCU 28/502320V) : H1 Air Korea

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Air conditioning plant provides conditioned air to the ships accommodation to make it habitable. The system continuously provides and maintains clean, temperature and humid controlled condition air in the ships cabin, offices and the bridge. 2.13

Oily Water Separator Oil and water mixture in the engine room bilge system is processed in the Oily water separator, and it separates oil and water mixture into a clean effluent before being discharge into the sea (max. 15 ppm as per MARPOL 73/78 Regulation). The device is one of the most important equipment for environmental protection. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.

Type/Model : SHT-5 Manufacturer : SASAKURA ENG’G. CO.LTD. 3 Rated Capacity : 5.0 M /h

2.14

Incinerator

Type/Model Maker Capacity

: OSG-1500SDA : SUNFLAME CO. LTD : 161 Kgh (Waste Oil) 200 Kgh (Solid)

Segregated garbage and solid wastes generated onboard are burn in the incinerator. It is constructed of heavy and well-insulated materials to keep the high levels of heat inside the furnace so that the waste is burned quickly and efficiently.

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Fan and Blower Fan and blower are used to create air flow for various purposes. Ventilation fan as an example are provided to supply/exhaust required amount of air in the engine room.

Type/Model Maker

2.16

: Axial Flow/Centrifugal : H1-PRESS Korea Co.,Ltd.

Main and Emergency Air Reservoir Main and emergency air reservoir is provided onboard to store pressurized air for various purposes. The reservoir is designed to kept sufficient amount of air for starting of the main engine, instrumentation and maintenance purposes.

Main Tank Cap. : 21m3 (2.94 MPa) 3 Aux. Tank Cap. : 0.25 m (2.94 MPa) Maker : Dong Hwa Entec

2.17

Control Air Dryer

Type/Model Manufacturer

: KHDM-100 : KYUNG NAM DRYER CO.,LTD.

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To maintain clean and dry controlled air for the supply of the various instruments in the main engine, control air dryer is provided. The device is operating in the reverse procedure of refrigeration. 2.18

Marine Growth Preventive System and Ferrous Ion Generator

Marine Growth Preventive System Type/Model : CF-3500 Manufacturer : YDK

Type/Model Manufacturer

Ferrous Ion Generator : FP-3500 : YDK

MGPS provides an amount of electric current to produce chlorine that attack marine growths and preventing them to enter in the cooling system piping. Fe ion generator used to protect the sea water cooling system by providing anti corrosion film substances in the cooling tubes (heat exchanger). 2.19

Electrical Equipment Various electrical equipments can also be found onboard. Some of the electrical equipments are coupled with other type of machinery such as mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic devices, e.g. pumps, fans, etc.

2.19.1 Generator

Type/Model Manufacturer

: HFJ7 718-14E : HYUNDAI

Primary equipment onboard that generate electricity for electrical power supply to all electrical machinery and devices.

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2.19.2 Main Switchboard and Feeder Panel The main switchboard and feeder panel directs the electricity generated from the generator to the various electrical equipments onboard.

2.19.3 Electric Motor Device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy and it is the reciprocal of electric generator. Motors are commonly coupled to fans, pumps and other equipment onboard.

Type/Model Manufacturer

2.19.4 Emergency Generator and Emergency Switchboard

: HFJ7 718-14E : HYUNDAI

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Emergency electrical power is provided and direct by the emergency generator and emergency switchboards. The amount of electrical power supplied is sufficient to operate the various emergency equipments onboard. 2.19.5 Emergency Batteries

Type/Model Maker

: Seal Lead Acid SLD 400-2 (2V 400AH)/SLD 300-2 (2V 300AH) : Hyundai Enercell Co.,Ltd.

Another source of electric power onboard on limited time is the emergency batteries. It is primary used when all the electric generating equipment has failed, for immediate and temporary supply to emergency lightings and radio communication equipment. 2.20

Other Machineries

2.20.1 Emergency Fire Pump

Type/Model Maker Rated

: VF 125 : Shin Shin Machinery Co.,Ltd. 3 : 1.2 m /min

Use to supply sea water to hydrants necessary for fighting any breakdown of fire onboard. The source of electrical power can be taken from main or emergency generating equipments. 2.20.2 Steering Gear System Steering gear system provides steering capability for the ship to attain the course it is directed. It is the prime navigational equipment in the bridge. The steering capability can be controlled automatically or manually. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.

Chapter 2 – Machinery Arrangement (Motor Ship)

Type/Model Maker

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: YDFT-660-4 : YOOWON Industries Co.Ltd.

2.20.3 Sewage Treatment Plant

Type/Model Maker Capacity

: AEROB-12 : Jonghap Machinery Co.,Ltd. : 58 Person/day

A device that processed and removed contaminants from domestic waste water generated onboard. Its purpose is to produce a waste stream or treated effluent and solid waste sludge suitable for discharge at sea. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard. 2.20.4 Mooring Winch/Windlass

Equipment used for holding the ship in place while in port or at anchorage area. Mainly consists of electrical motors, pumps, hydraulic system and winches. Mooring winches/windlasses are situated in the forward and aft part of the ship. It is categorized as “Critical Machinery” onboard.

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2.20.5 Bow Thruster A propulsion device built or mounted on the ships bow to increase its maneuverability. It is specifically used for docking to make maneuverability of the ships easier, turning from port to starboard or vice versa without using the main propulsion.

Type/Model Maker

: KT 300 B5 : Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.

2.20.6 Workshop

It provides working area in the engine room and on deck for the maintenance of equipments and for the storage of tools and spares. 2.20.7 Tanks

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To provide storage capability for liquid materials in the ships, storage tanks and service tanks are provided. Location, sizes and capacity varies depending on the type of liquid to be stored such as fuel oil, lube oil, fresh water, sea water and others. Lists of Tanks in the Engine Room a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. w. x. y. z.

2.21

Main L.O. Sump Tank Main L.O. Storage Tank Main L.O. Settling Tank Cylinder Oil Storage Tank Cylinder Oil Measuring Tank S/T L.O. Gravity Tank S/T L.O. sump Tank S/T Forward Seal Tank G/E L.O. Sump Tank G/E L.O. Storage Tank G/E L.O. Overflow Tank Cooling F.W. Expansion Tank Feed Filter Tank Clean Drain Tank Bilge Tank Bilge Separated Oil Tank Bilge Primary Tank H.F.O Storage Tank L.S.H.F.O. Settling Tank Boiler F.O. Settling Tank H.F.O. Service Tank M.D.O. Storage Tank M.D.O. Sett./Serv. Tank Waste Oil Settling Tank F.O./L.O. Sludge Tank M/E Air Cooler Chemical Cleaning Tank

Lay-out of Machinery Arrangement in the Engine Room To facilitate easy understanding of machinery arrangement and location in the engine room, “ Machinery Arrangement in the Engine Room” lay-out is provided. The figure below is the actual machinery arrangement drawing in the engine room of NYK Terra.

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2.21.1 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (Floor Plan)

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2.21.2 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (Partial Deck)

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2.21.3 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (3rd Deck)

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2.21.4 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (2ndDeck)

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2.21.5 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (Upper Deck)

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2.21.6 Machinery Arrangement in Engine Room of NYK TERRA (Frame 48 Section, Looking Aft)