Microsoft PowerPoint - Commercial Layer Management [Compatibility Mode]1

Over all management of commercial layer for Best Performance. By Md. Shahadat Hossain Technical Service Manager ISA B.V. (A Hendrix Genetics Co.) Bangladesh.

Growing management


Objective: Gain to maximum BW as possible from 1– 1– 12 weeks.

How: 1. Good house preparation & cleaning 2. Good quality feed 3. Successful brooding management 4. Slow step down lighting program. 5. Use Pre starter feed from 1– 1– 3 weeks 6. Proper beak trimming 7. Empty Feeder management 8. Mid night feeding 9. BioBio-security

Factors influencing pullets Environment

Genetics

Temperature

Water Quality

Humidity

Quantity

Sound

Pullets Feed

Management Housing

Quality

Water and feed equipment

Amount

Temp. and light

Diseases Pathogens Metabolic disorders

Housing preparation Purpose Clean house and equipment

Housing preparation - Remove old litter and manure ( ≥ 100 m. from house) - Empty space ≥ 2 m. from the wall - High pressure water - Repair house - Disinfection - Down time 14 days

Bad management

Keep cleaned equipment properly

An example of how to keep cleaned equipment

Remove all feather

Repair housing floor

Don’t use rusted brooder wall

Get rid of insects

Good quality feed

MEDIUM SIZE NORMAL CORN

GOOD QUALITY MATURE CORN

NORMAL & FUNGAL INFECTED CORN

Brooding Management

Preparation of brooding equipment Management - For 500 500--600 chicks - 3 m. of diameter - Use 1 SBM - Brooding light - 1 plastic drinker per 50 50--60 chicks - 1 feeder (flatted tray) per 3030-50 chicks

Waterer feeder

รูปทีศรีราชา

3 meter per 500 500--600 chicks

How to Place drinkers and feeders

Feeder

Nipple line

Waterer

1.

1 drinker per 50 50--60 chicks

2.

1 feeder per 3030-50 chicks

Brooding with water line

1.1 m.

The thickness of litter is about 3”. The heat source is 1.1 m. high from litter

Before release chicks - Litter temperature at 3333-35 •C - All light bulbs work - Place all feeders and drinkers - Mix vitamins in water - May mix sugar in water

1. Chick transportation

Dehydration

Depression

2. Releasing to the brooder

Temperature at litter is about 3333-35 °C.

2. Releasing to the brooder

Gently release chicks (may release on water tray)

Stimulate drinking by pushing nipples or dipping chick beak into water

2. Releasing to the brooder

3030-60 minutes after drinking, dry trays and then start to feed chicks

Organ development Main organs ( First 7 days) – Digestive organs – Circulation organs – Respiratory organs – Skeleton organs
Supporting organs – Muscles – Reproductive organs


Lighting Program

1. Slow step down Lighting Programme – Open-side House (12th week) Age W eek

D ay

H o u rs lig h t (h o u rs ) 2 2 :0 0 2 1 :0 0 2 0 :0 0 1 9 :0 0 1 8 :0 0 1 8 :0 0 1 7 :0 0 1 6 :0 0 1 5 :0 0 1 4 :0 0 1 3 :0 0 N L /1 2 :0 0 N L /1 2 :0 0 N L /1 2 :0 0 N L /1 2 :0 0 1 3 :0 0 1 3 :3 0 1 4 :0 0 1 4 :3 0 1 5 :0 0 1 5 :3 0 1 6 :0 0 1 6 :0 0

WK 1 1 - 7 WK 2 8 - 14 WK 3 15 - 21 WK 4 22 - 28 WK 5 29 - 35 WK 6 36 - 42 WK 7 43 - 49 WK 8 50 - 56 WK 9 57 - 63 W K 10 64 - 70 W K 11 71 - 77 1 W K 12 78 - 84 W K 13 85 - 91 W K 14 92 - 98 2 W e e k 1 3 -1 8 85 - 126 3 W eek 19 127 - 133 W eek 20 134 - 140 W eek 21 141 - 147 W eek 22 148 - 154 W eek 23 155 - 161 W eek 24 162 - 168 W eek 25 169 - 175 W eek 26 176 - 183 NOTE: 1 . L o n g s te p d o w n o n 1 2 w e e k s d o w n to n a tu ra l d a y -le n g th (N L ) o r 1 2 h o u rs 2 . T ra n s fe r/h o u s in g s h o u ld b e d o n e b y 1 1 2 d a y s a n d n o la te r th a n 1 1 9 d a y s 3 . L ig h t s tim u la tio n a t 1 9 w e e k s o r 2 0 w e e k s

1. Slow step down Lighting Programme – Closed House Age W eek

D ay

WK 1 WK 2 WK 3 WK 4 WK 5 WK 6 WK 7 WK 8 WK 9 W K 10 W K 11 1 W K 12 W K 13 W K 14 2 W e e k 1 3 -1 8 3 W eek 19 W eek 20 W eek 21 W eek 22 W eek 23 W eek 24 W eek 25 W eek 26

1 - 7 8 - 14 15 - 21 22 - 28 29 - 35 36 - 42 43 - 49 50 - 56 57 - 63 64 - 70 71 - 77 78 - 84 85 - 91 92 - 98 85 - 126 127 - 133 134 - 140 141 - 147 148 - 154 155 - 161 162 - 168 169 - 175 176 - 183

H o u rs lig h t (h o u rs ) 2 2 :0 0 2 0 :0 0 1 8 :0 0 1 7 :0 0 1 6 :0 0 1 5 :0 0 1 4 :0 0 1 3 :0 0 1 2 :0 0 1 1 :0 0 1 0 :0 0 9 or 10 h 4 8 or 9 or 10 h 8 or 9 or 10 h 8 or 9 or 10 h 1 1 :0 0 1 1 :0 0 1 2 :0 0 1 3 :0 0 1 3 :3 0 1 4 :0 0 1 4 :3 0 1 5 :0 0

L ig h t in te n s ity 5 (L u x ) 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 5 20 - 40 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

NOTE: 1 . L o n g s te p d o w n o n 1 2 w e e k s d o w n to 8 ,9 o r 1 0 h o u rs 2 . T ra n s fe r/h o u s in g s h o u ld b e d o n e b y 1 1 2 d a y s a n d n o la te r th a n 1 1 9 d a y s 3 . L ig h t s tim u la tio n a t 1 9 w e e k s o r 2 0 w e e k s 4 . 8 h o u rs a llo w a b e tte r b o d y w e ig h t c o n tro l w h e re it c a n b e u s e d 5 . L ig h t in te n s o ty m u s t b e re d u c e d n o la te r th a n 7 to 1 0 d a y s a fte r h o u s in g , u s in g R e d lig h t is re c o m m e n d if p o s s ib le .

HOURS OF LIGHT

Adjust Step down lighting according to BW gain

24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 WEEKS

Feed Formulation

2. Growing Period Feed specification – Pre-starter Feed

Growing Period commercial layers Nutrients IW Silver Crude Protein (%) ME (kcal/kg) Linoleic Acid (%) Amino Acids Methionine (min) Methionine + Cystine Lysine (min) Tryptophan (min) Threonin Arginine Minerals

* Pre-starter Use in hard conditions 01-- 32 weeks weeks

** Starter

Grower 1

21 2950 - 3050

40--12 weeks 8 weeks 19 - 20 2850 - 2950

139-12 - 15weeks weeks 17.5 - 18 2800 - 2850

1.4

1.2

0.48 0.81 1.15 0.22 0.71 1.05

0.48 0.78 1.05 0.21 0.70 1.05

Grower 2/ DEVELOPPER May not use 13 to 15weeks

Prelay or Layer ****

16 - 15***** 2750

16 16 -- 17 17 weeks weeks 17 2800

1.0

1.0

1.0

0.4 0.68 0.86 0.18 0.65 0.95

0.38 0.63 0.81 0.16 0.60 0.89

0.38 0.70 0.85 0.18 0.60 0.90

Calcium 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 Available Phosphorus 0.50 - 0.55 0.50 - 0.55 0.48 - 0.50 0.45 - 0.50 Sodium (min - max) 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 Chloride (max) 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 *** Minimum Added fat in % of diet 2% minimum 2% minimum 1.5% minimum ***** DO NOT USE LESS THAN 15% CP AND MORE THAN 2800 Kcal TO AVOID GETTING BIRDS FAT ****PRELAY DIET CAN BE REPLACED BY A LAYER 1 DIET WITH NO PROBLEMS *** RESPECT THE MINIMUM LEVEL OF ADDED FAT …..IF POSSIBLE PREFER VEGETABLE FAT ** STARTER FEED CAN BE USED FROM DAY OLD TO 12 WEEKS OF AGE TO MAXIMIZE BODYWEIGHT * PRESTARTER IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED IN HARD CONDITIONS

2.50 0.48 - 0.50 0.16 - 0.19 0.15-0.22 0.5% minimum

Laying Period commercial layers Nutrients Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4 105 TO 95 grams 110 - 100 gms 115 - 105 gms115 - 105 gms 16/18 - 36/40 weeks 37/41 - 50 weeks 51 - 70 weeks 71 - 80 weeks Crude Protein (%) 18 - 18.5 17 .5 - 18 16 - 16.5 15 - 16 ME (kcal/kg) 2850 - 2900 2800 - 2850 2750 - 2850 2750 - 2800 Linoleic Acid (%) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 Amino Acids Methionine 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35 Methionine + Cystine 0.75 0.72 0.68 0.64 Lysine 0.88 0.80 0.78 0.72 Tryptophan 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.15 Threonine 0.69 0.65 0.61 0.57 Arginine 0.94 0.88 0.83 0.77 Minerals Calcium 18 - 31 weeks:3.9 - 4.0* 4.2* 4.3* 4.4* 32 - 40 weeks: 4.1* Available Phosphorus 0.44 - 0.48** 0.40 - 0.42** 0.38 - 0.40** 0.33 - 0.35** Sodium (min - max) 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 Chloride (min - max) 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25 ** Minimum Added fat in % of diet 1% minimum 0.5% minimum *After 42 weeks of age calcium carbonate (limestone or oyster shell) should be provided as follows: 65 to 60 % fine particles with a size of 0,25 mm or less (the size of table salt or less) 35 to 40 % large particles in the range of 3 to 5 millimeters. **When meat & bone meal or other animal by-products are used and lower mineral supplementation as a source of phosphorus, use the higher phosphorus value indicated for formulations.

Debeaking

3. Beak Trimming


Once precise at 7 – 10 days old




Second at 8 – 10 weeks, not later than 10 weeks.

Debeaking at 8-10 days

Precision beak trimming machines

Adjustment of cut

CORRECT

WRONG

Blade Temperature/Colour

CORRECT

Temperature 600-650°C

TOOHOT

Very Sharp beak (Risk of vent Pecking)

Uneven beak (cut) length

Debeaking with high temperature

Grading & Separate rearing
Grading

of birds should be done from 2-4 weeks to improve body weight & uniformity.

FLOCK UNIFORMITY 25 20 15 BIRDS

10

5%

90%

5%

5 0 1200

1250

1300

1350

1400

1450

1500

BW ( g )

BW AVERAGE 1,400 g. (+, - 140 g. 1,260-1,540 g.)

1550

1600

PULLET QUALITY

BODY WEIGHT UNIFORMITY ความสมํ าเสมอ MATURITY

HEALTH STATUS

Empty Feeder Management


Feed distribution 2 or 3 h 00 before light out : 2 à 3 h 00

Time of empty feeders

10 à 12 h 00 of light at plateau


To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :
Ability of the bird to eat reserves before light off
Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)

FEEDING BEHAVIOUR


To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :
Ability of the bird to eat reserves before light off
Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)




Obtain empty feeders (2(2-3 hours) in the middle of the day from 4/5 weeks old




Feed Presentation - Uniform Grit Size
Too much fine particles leads to under consumption & vent pasting
Too much large particles leads to selection Rapid & adapted feed intake during rearing period influence increase of feed consumption at onset of lay

Bodyweight targets in growing and production

HOW TO MAXIMISE LIVABILITY HOW TO MINIMIZE MORTALITY

VI. HOW TO MAXIMISE LIVABILITY

- Delay sexual maturity . Use long step down light programme - Age at housing must be at least 2 weeks before first eggs(16 weeks) to avoid mortality due to egg yolk peritonitis. If not able to so, delay start of lay using SODESMEA programme. - Reduce light intensity 10/14 days after housing or use red light - Maximise body weight in growing - Good Beak trimming : - if made once it shall be conducted at 7 -10 days - if done twice it shall be done twice at 7/10 days (light) and at 8 - 10 weeks (severe) . Beak trim shall not be conducted after 10 weeks of age.

Internal infection egg yolk Peritonitis due to late housing (>16 weeks)

EGG YOLK PERITONITIS FOLLOWING LATE HOUSING

EFFECTS OF DELAYED TRANSFER POST MORTEM ANALYSIS - 26 to 40 weeks 0.09

.0 7%

.18 % TOTAL

.12 %

MOR T ALITY

0.08 0.07

W EEKLY BY CAUSE

0.085

0.064

0.06 0.05

0.053 0.04

0.04

0.042 T YP E OF LOS S

0.03 0.02

0.027

0.036

0.01 0

0.006

0.013

Ca DEP LETIO N RUP TURED FOLLICLE

16 W E E K S

NEP HRITIS

18 W E E K S AGE AT TR AN S FE R

20 W E E K S

Cornell Poultry Conference

65

SODESMEA TREATMENT PROTOCOL TO DELAY SEXUAL MATURITY Soft Delay of Sexual Maturity TO DELAY SEXUAL MATURITY BY USE OF FEED RESTRICTION In cases where daily production of a flock is less than 2% daily ….(not more than 5% daily) , the following program can be used to delay sexual maturity. Seven (7) to ten (10) days: 3 day program = 5 - 7 days delayed 4 day program = 7 - 10 days delayed 5 day program = 10 - 14 days delayed EXEMPLE OF A 4 DAY PROGRAM FOR SODESMEA DAY

FEED

AMOUNT

1 1/2 FEED 2 NONE 3 NONE 4 1/2 FEED 5 FULL FEED - On days with half feeding, all birds must be allowed to have access to the feed to maintain good uniformity. Thus, it is advised to give all the feed at one time (if possible, at night, with the lights off). - The 5 day program for SODESMEA includes 3 days with NO FEED. The rest of the program is the same. - The 3 day program for SODESMEA includes only one day with NO FEED. The rest of the program is the same.

LIGHT INTENSITY AND RED LIGHT IMPORTANCE ON LIVABILITY

Understanding the light intensity management and the Use of red light help to optimize livability, feed conversion, and strengthen shell quality. Light intensity must be high in growing (15 –20 lux) and quite low in production (5 lux). Light intensity must be reduced no later than 10/14 days after birds have been housed.

A very low light intensity in the laying house ( 5 lux ) as well as the installation of red light at housing or shortly after (less than 10/14 days ) help reduce mortality by as much as 50%.....and is strongly advised for the SHAVER WHITE.

EA

HIGH LIGHT INTENSITY INCREASE MORTALITY IN THE TOP CAGES

YEAR

1996

BOTTOM TIER(B)

1.1

0.9

MIDDLE TIER(M)

1.6

2.3

TOP TIER (T)

6.1

6.2

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

5%

5.3

Table 1: Effect of light intensity on livability. Percentage (%) mortality per tier during one production cycle (8250 birds per tier – 3 tier vertical cage system)

EA

1997

MANAGING LIGHT INTENSITY

M A N A G I N G L I G H T I N T E N S I T Y

Reduce Light intensity in Open House

BW and Feeding in Laying
Stimulation

in feed intake may be

required
Midnight

Feeding is a way to solve low intake at start of lay


Pre Pre--Lay

feed is critical from 16 – 18 weeks (2.0 – 2.5% calcium)

HOW TO MAXIMISE SHELL QUALITY

Calcium and Available Phosphorus feeding GROWING PERIOD -with proper calcium ( 1 % minimum) and available phosphorus (0.45-0.5 %) feeding in growing PRELAY PERIOD - through feeding a prelay feed with at least 2-2.5% calcium ( prelay or layer feed ). - The prelay feed rich in calcium must be given at least 2 weeks ( 14 days) before first eggs to maximize the calcium reserves in the bones and optimize shell quality (16 – 18 weeks) LAYING PERIOD - use 4 to 4.5% calcium level in layer feed - Use higher available phosphorus levels until 40/45 weeks old and then reduce available phosphorus in layer 2 feed - Use Midnight feeding program after the maximum hours of light is achieved

PRELAY DIET OR LAYER DIET BEFORE ONSET OF LAY IMPROVE CALCIUM RESERVE

Time of change to 3.5% Ca

Tibiotarsus Ash (%)

Tibiotarsus Ca (mg/g)

20 wk

53.5

182

18 wk

55.7

187

17 wk

59.3

202

16 wk

58.9

199

15 wk

58.4

197

14 wk

57.9

196

TABLE 1: Diet Calcium and Bone Characteristics of Young Layers in Response To Prelay Diet Calcium Adapted from Keshavarz(1989)

FIGURE 2: Medullary Bone in Lay (Full Cavity) Hen Compared To Non Layer Hen (Empty Cavity)

(Sim Ris 1967)

MIDNIGHT FEEDING 1. INSTALL NO LATER THAN ONE WEEK AFTER TRANSFER 2. MIDNIGHT FEEDING PERIOD OF 2 HOURS. THIS WILL ALLOW ALL BIRDS THE OPPORTUNITY TO EAT, NOT JUST DOMINANT BIRDS. 3. NEED A MINIMUM OF 3 HOURS OF DARKNESS ON BOTH SIDES OF M.N.F.

4D

2L

3D 2L 3D

3D

15L

16L

4. FEEDERS SHOULD RUN DURING THE BEGINNING PORTION OF THE M.N.F. IN ORDER TO STIMULATE BIRDS TO EAT.

EA

AFTER 1 WEEK OF USING M.N.F., THE CONSUMPTION RATE WILL STABILIZE. M.N.F. WILL NOT LEAD TO INCREASES IN AVERAGE CONSUMPTION RATES GIVEN NORMAL CONDITIONS, I.E., TEMPERATURE. HOWEVER IT IS VERY USEFUL TO INCREASE CONSUMPTION DURING EXTREME HEAT.

MAJOR CAUSE FOR EARLY MORTALITY AND LOW PEAK
LATE

HOUSING …
EARLY SEXUAL MATURITY… MATURITY… Generate broken yolk in abdomen which in turn generate infection called egg yolk peritonitis
Too low Bodyweight in growing

MAJOR CAUSE FOR LOW PERSISTENCY
LATE

HOUSING AND EARLY SEXUAL MATURITY


TOO

MANY MANIPULATION IN START OF LAY BEFORE PEAK i.e. VACCIANTON

CONCLUSION The successful SHAVER--579 SHAVER Management MAJOR POINTS TO REMEMBER

TO OPTIMIZE Livability TO MAXIMISE Egg Number TO MINIMISE Mortality OF SHAVER commercial

















Production totally depends on growing period body weight. Highly positive correlation between standard body weight & standard production. Delay sexual maturity with slow stepstep-down light program House birds early… early…2 weeks before first eggs or use SODESMEA to delay early lay Reduce light intensity in house or use red light no later than 7 to 10 days maximum after housing Reduce in house activity to minimum 3 to 4 weeks after housing Where possible use midnight feeding from 252526 weeks

Bio--security Bio

Rat consume food 10 10%, %, and 54 54% % water of bodyweight each day

Worm, lice & mite control

EGG PRODUCTION BREED

BREED

FEED HOUSE & EQUIPMENT

MANAGEMENT HOUSE & EQUIPMENT

BIO-SECURITY VACCINATION

HOUSE PERPARING PULLET RECEIVING

EGG PRODUCTION

BEFORE LAYING FEEDING LIGHTING VENTILATION

FEED

MANAGEMENT BIO-SECURITY, VACC

PROBLEM RECORD DATA

Thanks to listening Any question?