Micro Midterm

Large parasites such as helminthes may be killed extracellularly by the action of A.

basophils

B.

monocytes

C.

eosinophils

D.

neutrophils

Answer: Option C

2. Which of the following is correct for CD8 T cells? A.

CD8 T cells only recognize virus-infected cells

B.

CD8 T cell receptor recognizes epitopes that are also commonly recognized by B cells

C.

In the thymus, CD8 T cells undergo positive selection only, whereas CD4 T cells undergo negative selection only

D.

CD8 T cells can kill individual virus-infected cells in a contact dependent fashion

Answer: Option D

3. Passive immunization is done for A.

tuberculosis

B.

diphtheria

C.

enteric fever

D.

all of these

Answer: Option B

4. Which of the following is correct for isoantigens? A.

They are antigens found in all members of different species

B.

They are antigens found in some members of a species

C.

They are antigens found in all members of a species

D.

They are antigens found in some members of different species

Answer: Option B

5. Numerous antibodies antibodies can be prepared, against one one antigen, each binds to unique unique epitopes. How is this antibody diversity generated?

A.

By rearrangements of the DNA encoding the variable regions of the heavy and light chains

B.

By the combination of different heavy and light chains that form the antigen binding site

C.  Antibody  Antibody proteins proteins can physically physically change change their shape shape to bind bind different different epitopes epitopes D.

Both (a) and (b)

Answer: Option D 6. Which of the following expresses CD3 surface antigen? A.

Granulocytes

B.

T cells

C.

Monocytes

D.

B cells

Answer: Option B

7. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (or PMNs) A.

can be attracted to the site of an infection following activation of complement

B.

are derived from bone marrow stem cells

C.

are a type of phagocyte that can engulf and kill bacteria

D.

all of the above

Answer: Option D

8. Major Histo Compatibility Complex (MHC) is a collection of genes arrayed on A.

chromosome 21 in man, chromosome 6 in mice

B.

chromosome 6 in man, chromosone 21 in mice

C.

chromosome 17in man, chromosome 6 in mice

D.

chromosome 6 in man, chromosome 17 in mice

Answer: Option D

9. CD8 surface antigen is present in A.

cytotoxic T cells

B.

suppresssor suppresssor T cells

C.

both (a) and (b)

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C

10. Treatment with bacterial endotoxins results blast formation in A.

B cells

B.

T cells

C.

monocytes

D.

none of these

Answer: Option A 11. Cytotoxic T-cells can be recognized by which of the following cell surface marker? A.

CD4

B.

CD7

C.

CD8

D.

CD9

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

12. Which is not an antigen-presenting cell (or APC)? A.

B cell

B.

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (or PMN)

C.

Dendritic cell

D.  All of the above Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

13. Chemically an antigen may be A.

lipid

B.

protein

C.

polysaccharide

D.

any of these

Answer: Option D Explanation:

No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

14. T cell receptors (or TCR) on CD4+ T cells A.

recognize peptides not associated with MHC molecules

B.

recognize peptides associated with MHC class I molecules

C.

recognize peptides associated with MHC class II molecules

D.

are secreted out into the environment to bind antigens

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

15. Which of the following proteins would not need localization signal? A.  A nuclear protein B.  A cytosolic protein C.  A protein bound to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane D.  A cell surface protein Answer: Option B 16. Following are the defenses of the colon except A.

sIgA

B.

fast flow rate

C.

dense resident microbiota

D.

mucus

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

17. Natural killer cells are involved in A.

tumour rejection

B.

allograft rejection

C.

non-specific killing of virus transformed target cells

D.

all of these

Answer: Option D

Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

18. Which of the following(s) is/are the determinants of antigenicity? A.

Chemical nature

B.

Size of the antigen

C.

Foreignness

D.  All of these Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

19. Which of the following is correct? A.  All T Cells are CD4+ B.  An epitope can have multiple antigens C.

T Cell receptors are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes

D.

MHC Class II molecules are generated by random assortment of gene cassettes

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

20. Immunity is not long lasting to A.

influenza

B.

whooping cough

C.

diphtheria

D.

mumps

Answer: Option A 21. Lysozyme is present in A.

sweat

B.

Cerebro spinal fluid (CSF)

C.

urine

D.

saliva

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

22. Macrophages are professional antigen- presenting cells. The protein molecule through which they present antigen in human is A.

actin

B.

interleukin

C.

HLA

D.

CD8

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

23. The role of the M cell is to A.

trap virus in mucus and prevent entry

B.

induce apoptosis in virus-infected small intestinal epithelia cells

C.

pass bacteria or virus to underlying macrophages for processing and presentation of antigen

D.

they use their cilia to propel mucus out of the small intestine

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

24. Which of the following statements is false regarding B cells? A.

B cells can undergo class switching and produce a different antibody type

B.

B one marrow stem cells migrate to the thymus and develop into B cells

C.

B cells synthesize antibodies and put them on their cell surface

D.

B cells that recognize high concentrations of antigens (self) in the absence of other signals undergo apoptosis in the bone marrow

Answer: Option B

1. VDRL test is an example of A.

Tube test

B.

Ring test

C.

Slide test

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

2. Weil-Felix reaction is based on sharing of antigens between A.

sheep RBCs and EB virus

B.

mycoplasma and human O group RBCs

C.

rickettsial antigens and antigens of certain strains of Proteus

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

3. Agglutination reaction is more sensitive than precipitation for the detection of A.

antigens

B.

antibodies

C.

complement

D.

antigen-antibody complexes

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

4. Precipitation reaction is relatively less sensitive for the detection of A.

antigens

B.

antigen-antibody complexes

C.

antibodies

D.

complement

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

5. In which of the following case a large lattice is formed? A.  Antibody is in excess B.  Antigens and antibodies are in optimal proportion C.  Antigen is in excess D.

6.

None of these

Answer: Option B Ring test is used for A.

C-reactive protein test

B.  Ascoli's thermoprecipitation test C.

typing of streptococci  and pneumococci 

D.

all of the above

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

7. Precipitation reaction can be converted into agglutination reaction by coating soluble antigen onto A.

bentonite particles

B.

RBCs

C.

latex particles

D.

all of these

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

8. Commercially available ELISA kits are used for the detection of A.

rotavirus

B.

hepatitis B surface antigen

C.

anti-HIV antibodies

D.

all of these

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

9. Monoclonal antibody production requires A.

mouse splenic lymphocytes

B.

mouse myeloma cells

C.

both (a) and (b)

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

10. Quellung reaction is used for typing of A.

Klebsiella pneumoniae

B.

Streptococcus pneumoniae

C.

Both (a) and (b)

D.

None of these

Answer: Option C

Fluorescent treponemal antibody test is an example of A.

indirect immunofluorescence

B.

direct immunofluorescence

C.

both (a) and (b)

D.

none of these

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

12. Counter-immunoelectrophoresis is used for the detection of A.

Meningococcal antigen

B.

Hepatitis B surface antigen

C.  Alpha-fetoprotein D.  All of these Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

13. The test (s) based on the principle of toxin neutralization is/are A.

Nagler's reaction

B.

Schick test

C.

both (a) and (b)

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

14. Slide agglutination reaction is/are useful for the identification of the culture(s) of A.

Shigella

B.

Vibrio cholerae

C.

Salmonella

D.  All of these

View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

15. Amount of various immunoglobulin classes can be measured by A.

double diffusion in one dimension

B.

single diffusion in two dimensions

C.

single diffusion in one dimension

D.

double diffusion in two dimensions

Answer: Option B 1. The class of immunoglobulins which can cross the placenta is A.

IgM

B.

IgG

C.

IgA

D.

IgD

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

2. Self reactive antibodies are not found in significant concentration in normal serum because A.

it is impossible to generate a self-reactive antibody

B.

self reactive B cells are killed by CD8 T cells

C.

B cells that are stimulated via their surface bound antibody in the absence of T cell help to commit suicide

D.

self reactive B cells switch to IgA which is all secreted and not present in serum

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

3. Simulation of which of the following will lead to appearance of first antibody to appear following stimulation by an antigen? A.

IgM

B.

IgA

C.

IgE

D.

IgG

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

4. Antigen binding sites of an immunoglobulin are located in A.

light chain alone

B.

heavy chain alone

C.

Fc region of the antibody

D.

Fab regions of the antibody

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

5. Which of the following mediates Type I hypersensitivity reaction?

6.

A.

IgE

B.

IgG

C.

IgM

D.

IgD

Answer: Option A Which of the following theory of antibody production is most widely accepted? A.

Side chain theory

B.

Clonal selection theory

C.

Direct template theory

D.

Indirect template theory

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

7. Which is the most efficient complement fixing class of antibody? A.

IgE

B.

IgA

C.

IgM

D.

IgG

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

8. The class of immunoglobulin, most abundant in body is A.

IgD

B.

IgE

C.

IgG

D.

IgM

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

9. Which is not a function of IgG? A.

Major antibody in serum

B.

First antibody type produced against an antigen during the primary antibody response

C.  Activates or fixes complement D.

Involved in opsonization

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

10. J chain is present in A.

IgA

B.

IgM

C.

Both (a) and (b)

D.

IgE

Answer: Option C 11. Heat-labile class of immunoglobulins include A.

IgA

B.

IgE

C.

IgG

D.

IgM

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

12. Which of the following (s) is/are function (s) of Fc fragment of IgG? A.

It determines catabolic rate

B.

It binds complement

C.

It is related to passage of IgG across the placental barrier

D.  All of these Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

13. Which of the following is the phylogenetically oldest immunoglobulin? A.

IgE

B.

IgM

C.

IgG

D.  All are similar Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

14. The secretary component of sIgA is A.

made by plasma cells that secrete dimeric IgA

B.

added to dimeric IgA by the M cell

C.

formed by cleavage of an epithelial cell receptor used to transport the dimeric IgA across the epithelial cell

D.

made by T cells

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

15. Anti-Rh antibodies are A.

IgG type

B.

IgA type

C.

IgE type

D.

IgD type

Answer: Option A

Which is not a function of IgA? A.

Protect mucosal surfaces

B.

Fix complement

C.

Protect eyes

D.  Agglutinate antigen Answer: Option B 1. Which of the following lymphokine(s) is secreted by delayed-type-hypersensitivity cells?

A.

Macrophage stimulating factor

B.

Migration inhibiting factor

C.

Macrophage activating factor

D.  All of the above Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

2. Which of the following is an example of autoimmune disease? A.

Rheumatoid arthritis

B.

Systemic lupus erythematosus

C.

Polyarteritis nodosa

D.  All of the above Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

3. Immunosuppressive agent(s) is/are A.

Cyclosporine

B.

Methotrexate

C.  Anti-lymphocytic serum D.  All of these Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

4. Induction of tolerance mechanism(s) is/are A.

suppression

B.

clonal deletion

C.

clonal anergy

D.

all of these

Answer: Option D

Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

5. Lens antigens of the eye are

6.

A.

cross-reacting antigens

B.

sequestrated antigens

C.

neoantigens

D.

none of these

Answer: Option B Negative phase is observed in A.

secondary humoral response

B.

primary humoral response

C.

both (a) and (b)

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

7. Method(s) that can be used to detect CMI is/are A.

migration inhibition

B.

target cell destruction factor test

C.

skin test for delayed hypersensitivity

D.

all of the above

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

8. In which of the following cell mediated immunity (CMI) participates? A.

Delayed hypersensitivity reaction

B.

Graft versus host reaction

C.  Allograft rejection D.  All of the above

Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

9. Overactivity of Th cells may result into

1.

A.

autoimmunity

B.

optimal antibody response

C.

optimal cell-mediated response

D.

none of the above

Answer: Option A Which of the following is/are not a gram-positive bacteria? A.

Streptococci

B.

Pseudomonas

C.

Mycobacteria

D.

None of these

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

2. Gram-positive bacteria, responsible for food poisoning, is/are A.

Mycoplasmas

B.

Pseudomonas

C.

Clostridia

D.

all of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

3. The gram-positive bacteria lack __________ structure/component? A.

outer membrane

B.

murein

C.

teichoic acid

D.

plasma membrane

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

4. Which of the following gram-positive bacteria causes pharyngitis (sore throat)? A.

Neisseria

B.

Streptococcus

C.

Staphylococcus

D.

Mycobacterium

Answer: Option B Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

5. Which of the following gram-negative bacteria is/are not aerobic?

6.

A.

Pseudomonas

B.

Neisseria

C.

Escherichia

D.

None of these

Answer: Option C The enzyme, which hydrolyses the murein is A.

perxoidase

B.

tannase

C.

lysozyme

D.

none of these

Answer: Option C Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

7. Bacterial spoilage is identified by which of the following morphological characteristics? A.

Encapsulation

B.

Endospores

C.

Cell aggregation

D.  All of these Answer: Option D Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

8. Bacteria are A.

saprophytic

B.

symbiotic

C.

hyper parasitic

D.

all of these

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

9. Gram-negative bacteria, responsible for food poisoning, is/are A.

Salmonella

B.

Pseudomonas

C.

Clostridia

D.

None of these

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

10. Coliform bacteria on fermentation of carbohydrates yields A.

lactic acid

B.

acetic acid

C.

formic acid

D.

all of these

Answer: Option D 11. Gram-negative bacterium is/are A.

Escherichia

B.

Clostridia

C.

Staphylococci 

D.  All of these Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

12. Thermus thermopiles is a A.

gram negative eubacteria

B.

gram positive eubacteria

C.

gram negative archebacteria

D.

gram positive archebacteria

Answer: Option A Explanation: No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss. View Answer Discuss in Forum Workspace Report

13. Which of the following is a gram-positive bacteria? A.

Lactobacillus

B.

Staphylococci 

C.

Streptococci 

D.  All of these Answer: Option D